Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 25, 1875, Page 4

‘ THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, JUNE 25, 1876. ‘ a TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. ‘DATES OF EURSCRIPTION (FATALE IN ADVANCE), Postage Prepaid at thin Omce, WaNTRD—Une active agont in each town and village, Speeial arrangomente made with anch. Speotmen coples sent free. ‘Toprerent delay and mistakes, be sure and ive Post. Office addreas in fall, including State and County, Reml.tancesmay bemade oltherby draft, express, Post: ‘Ch.ce order, or in registered Iotters, at our tisk, : TERMA TO CITY AUARCRINEAE, Daily, deliverod, Sunday excepted, 25 vonts por week, Daily, deliverod, Sunday included, BU cents per week. Addrews THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborne Chleago, 11. TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. AOADEMY OF MUSIO—Ialeted «tenet, between Mad~ fyonand Monroe. Afternoon, *' Uncle Tom's Cabin,” ‘Wraning, ‘* Walling for the Verdict.” MOOLRY'R THEATRI—Nandoinh atreot, oun ‘and LaSalle. Kogegomont of Tony Pasi ation, MPVICKER'S THRATRE—Maditon, atree'., betmoen Dearborn and Rtate, Kngeceaiony ot the Sew oftrk Si if Theatre yo "t a tad“The Big Boneaa. ADELPHI TURATRE-Dearborn atrost, corner Mon- roe. Variety Entertatument. WASHINGTON CHAPTRR, No, 43, Tl. A. M.—Sno- fial Conrocation thla (Friday) alternooa and, évauing, at Gand 3:By for work on the Re A. Degree. Also Bale ni 380, M, M. Di 1 H der of the M, OTS, 87 Forde as, MERROW SITDG I Seorys ORIENTAL LODGE, No. 3, A. F, & A. M,- ee r3 ios N, TUCKEL, tal for BUSINESS NOTICES. HR, THOUSANDS OF LADINS wWIt0 USE ‘:]Lalra's Bloom of Youth” Keep ihole own counsel aad omplextons 20. porfeu Sntaral in appearance must be Nature's ow. Bold by all Che Chicago Gribune, Friday Morning, June 25, 1875, Reports from various parta of the conntry show avery goneral and elaborate celebra- tion of St, John’s Day, the gala festival of “he Masonio fraternity throughout the world. ‘The subject of the course of instruction in the Chicago High School has been reported npon by a special committes, who recom- tnond tho ostablishment of a branch school in each Division of the city, with Principals and a corps of teachers for each school, and anew course of study thronghont, Aa it is pro- posed to occupy grammar-school buildings already orected, the new order of things, if determined upon, can bo carried into offect sby the beginning of tho new school yosr, At holf-past 1 o'clock this morning no in. telligence had been received as to th t of the jury inthe Bexconen caso, Sho ap. pleition by plaintiff's counsel for o re-opening to admit the now evi- dence was denied by Judge Netzson, who proceeded at onco to deliver his chargo to tho jury, Tho charge appears to have beon eminently foir and impartial, and well worthy of the able and conscientious incum. Lent of the Bonch during the progress of tho trial There aro no indications at the pres- ent writing of the state of affairs among tho jury, but tho fact that an agreoment had not boen reached after a consultation of ten or twelvo hours is an cvidenco that the (rionds of tho dofondant wero at foult in counting upon a prompt acquittal. hore is clearly considerable difference of opinion and stubbornness among tho twolve, and a disa greement scoma probablo. A curious lawsuit is pending before the Gnited States Court at Springficld, Ill. The heirs of Srzpnezn Gruirririt, who died at the 1ge of 80, sack to set aside cortain couvey- auces of Innd mado to various religious socio. ties, mado in fulfillment of a vow, registered by Garrritu many years ago, when ho was in a tight place financially, that if he got out of it safely he should give the Lord tho full crodit, and donate all his wealth to the cause of religion, He did come through all right, and mado his will according to promise, but his heirs, belioving that good luck and early rising head moro to do with it than tho Lord, take the ground that the property was conveyed without a guid-pro-guo, and that tho convoyance is therefore void, ‘Cho defendants are prepared to maintain that Garrrrru’s prosperity was doo to divine interposition, and in behalf of the Lord will ingist that the bargain ba car- riod out. It will remain for the Court to da- elde, firat, whether tho result was duo to a supernatural agency, and, if so, whethor the roligious societies are authorized to colleot tho Lord’s claims, The question of Guzrrita’s sanity is also involved. ‘The Iowa Oppouition, made up of Demo- crate, Liberals, and Anti-Monopollats, held their Stato Convention yesterday, and placed u ticket in the field, with the Hon. Suzpnanp Tarzxn, of Dos Moines, aa candidate for Gov- ernor, They could not agree upon a name tor the party, but expressed a decided re- pugnance to the word Democratic, preferring rather to go nameless, which they did, The Platform, us might be oxpected of an or- ganization made up of Bourbons, Grangers, and disaffected Republicans, is some- what mixed. But it is unmistakable snd unadulterated ppon ono point,— vppoaition to 46 Republican party, The financa plank fa gufictently roomy to o0- commodess the most antagonistic viows, It volts tor a resumption‘ of specie paymonta &s soon asitcan be done without injury to the business interests of the conntry,"— which will be never, according to the infla- Woniata; but, in the meantime, there should ‘be iasuod “a supply of currency suflicicnt for ‘business purposes,"—rag-monoy until every- body is satinied, wo aupposa, The tariff resolution ia more definite, and may be con- strued as declaring for atariff for revonue and wot for protection. The liquor-trafite isaue ie squarely met, tho Convention favoring a re- Deal of the presont prohibitory law, and the Snactment of a practicable license law, a roreenersiese ‘The Chicago produce markets were ensior yesterday, grain being again doprossed by tho hot weather, foas pork was quiet, and de. siined 15@20c per bri, but closed firmer at 610.00 cash, and $19.20 for August, Lard was dull, and 10@1240 por 100 ths lower, sloging at $12.95@13.00 cash, and $13.18 for August, Meata were in good demand and Oirmer, at 80 for shoulders, 11jo for short ribs, and 11Jo for short clears, Highwines were in fair demand and steady, a $1.16 per gallon, Lako freights wore rather quiet and easier, at 2fo for wheat to Buffalo, Flour Was doll, Wheat was more sative, and 4@1lo lower, cloaing at 9030 cash, aud 97{0 for duly, ‘was leew active, and 1}0 lower, Gbaing wt G5}o cab, and 6¢j6 for July, Oates ‘Were detive, and 10 lower, losing ub s0jo ensh, and 4840 for July, Rye was nominal, at 90c, Barley was dull, and Sc lower, cloa- ing at Sho bid. Hogs wore moderately act- ivo, and 10¢ @ 100 Ibs lower, at $7,00@7.15, Cattle were atendy, Sheep wero quict and ensy, The two Duchies of Mecklenburg aro tired of despotism. They aro tho only portion of the German Empire ngt under some form of constitntionnl government, and they object to the exception. In ono of them, the “ one- mon power” is strikingly illustrated. ‘Tho executive, legislative, nud practically the ju- dicial powers ara concoutrated in ono man, a Duke, who owns half the land in tho Duchy, imposes heavy taxes on tho rest, and sponds the money in whatever way ho pleases, The Mecklonburgers object to his enjoying such powers ag n reward for taking the trouble to be born. They havo all taken tho samo tronblo, but none of them have got the snino reward. Whoroforo they pray tho Reichstag to givo them n constitutional gov- ernment forthwith, Undor tho presout sys- tem, the population and prosperity of both Duchies lias stoadily declined. It romains to be seen whether the subjection of ruler and ruled to a Constitution constructed in Berlin will increase the fecuudity and fertility of tho Dauchios, «Tho people of Chicago will be vitally in- terested in the report of tho Commission ap- pointed by the Secretary of tho Treasury to examino tho walls nud foundations of our in- cipient Custom-House, - which has been nipped in the bud as it were, The re- port, which is forwarded from Wash. ington by telegraph, realizes tho most unfayorablo anticipations and spoculations which have been expressed concerning the probable judgmont of tho gentlomen sent horo to make a soarching, thorough examina." tion of the work of Munzerr and his subordi- nates and contractors, Tha Commis- sion finds that the soil underlying the foundations in many places is soft and treacherous, and that tho layer of concrote was not of sufficient width to equalize tho pressure of the weight nbove ; that tho stono uscd in the walls was of all shades and qualities, and locking in the essentisl ro- quisite of uniformity of color and: texture; thata most outrageous system of patching has boon resorted to in ordor to conceal do- fects, and that even tho mortar was poor with | which the stones wore laid. Fraud and in- competency aro shown to have flourished nn- checked in the construction of tho building. THE LAW DEPARTMENT AND THE CITY TAXES, ‘We print another letter from Mr. Franors Anams, Assistant Corporation Counsel ond member of tho Law Dopartment of the City of Chicago, in which he labors hard to ovade tho issue now mado up between the public and tho City Government on the subject of tho collection of the city tax. In tho first place, Mr, Apaus undertakes to make a por- sonal point against ex-Mayor Mxpmn con- cerning tho levy of taxes in 1872 and 1879, at tho samo time ignoring tho facts upon which the City Government was compelled to act at that timo, Tho Gonoral Revenue law of 1872 went into operation in July, 1872, The appropriations for 1872-8 were mado, and ware by law required to be made, beforethatdato. Tho Genoral Inw made then, as it makes now, the Stato assessment the basis for all taxes collected under that law. At the same timo thoro was in forco a charter which limited the rates of city taxes lovied for spocific purposes, The aggregate of the several rates of tax for which money was wanted at tho time for all purposes allowed by tho charter was about 23 milla, Beyond that rate no tax could bo levied by the City Government, At that time, in June, 1872, tho State assessment of taxable property in this city was lesa than $180,000,000, which, at 23 mills, would have yielded less than $2,000,000, when the amount of the sppro- priations made by tho Council was was be- tweon four and five millions of dollars! Un- dor theso circumstances, it was an impossibill- ty for the city to collect four millions anda half of rovenuo under a condition of law which limited a levy of tax to less than two millions of dollars, A spocial law, tamporary in its character, was theroforo a necessity, . In 1873, the precisely same condition of things oxiating, resort wos had to the Legis. Inture by a number of cltios, and Bill 300 avas enacted. That act provided for its own sum- mary termination by authorizing tho city nt any timo to havo its taxes assessed and col- lected undor tho Goneral law, Anothor ren- son oporating at that time, why tho collection of city taxes ought not to be connected with tho State tax, was the possibility of delays and logal objections growing out of the com- plications of the tax-grabbing law of 1869, under which taxes wero diverted to pay rail- roml debts of certain localities, Thu ordi- nanuces of tho Common Council, approved in July and August, 1873, to which Mr. Apaua refers, were proper and nocessary undor the circumstances, and such was the opinion of tha Law Departmont at tho time, None of the reasons which oxisted tho year before, rendering it imposaible to collect the needed revenue under tho State assessment, had then been removed. There was no power in the city to ralso moro than about $2,000,000 revenue under the General law, when tho anotual amount of the appropriations was $5,600,000. Adherenca to the city nssess. inont was thon an imperative legal necessity, Ata lator period, in 1878, the State Board of Equalization, undor the State assesament for 1873, increased tho asscssment of the tax- able property in this city from: olghty-fivo millions to about two hundred and fifty mill- fons, thus removing tho obstacle which had proviously rendered a recourse to the State law impossible, Mr, Apaus was not then, he says, an offl- cer of the City Government, and to this causo, and consequent ignorance of the facta of which he writes, wo attribute his substantial miareprosentations, and not to any intention on his part to do injustice or faluify the record. ‘Mr. Apama, as the organ of the Law De. partment, cannot be permitted to befog the prosont quostion and the sole quostion now bofore the public, which is, Shall the City Government subject the ality to the danger and risk of losing the revenue for 1875 by any further adherence to Bill 300, or any amendments thereto? Nor can ho evade tho further question, Has the Law Dopartment advised and urged tho City Govornment to have the taxes for 1876 ox. tended on the books of the County Olork undor the General law cf the Stato? ‘This is the question which Mr, Apams may answer, and in which the public have a. deep interest, ‘The Law Dopartment, though advisod by the Suprome Court that no legal judgment could be rendered under Bill 400, have not mado public any advice on their part that the olty shall reeort to the General law for the taxes of 187500 the Uvatrary, Mr, Absus, the oghat of the Law Department, in his letter pub- lishod in Te Tarauyz Inst Monday, claims that Bill 800 has beon so amended as to re- movo the objections of tho Supreme Court, and that hencoforth avorything will be lovely under thatInw, Ho says: This amendment completely obviates the objections to the city tax act atated by the Supreme Cuurt in tho decision referred to, and makes the collection of city taxoe under the city tax act, as no amended, entirely practieadle, + Assuming that this opinion that Bill 800 as it now stands “completely obviates" all legal objections, and that henceforward tho collection of taxes under that law is ‘ entire. ly practicablo ” ns concurred in by the whole Law Department as now constituted, wo must conclude that Mr. Apams intended to advise tho Common Council that a resort to tho State Inw was wholly unnecessary for the taxes of 1875, Wo aro confirmed in this judgment because, in tha full discussion of this subject following Judge Wattace's do- cision a year ago, a resort to the State law was urged by tho press, and all through the last aossion of the Legislature tho Law De- partmont was urged to preparo the necessary Dilla to have the Logialaturo so amend tho General law that tho taxes of 1874 could bo collected under that law, and not subjected to risk under Bill 800, But the Law Dopart- ment refused to do this; they went to Springficld, and labored to patch ond amend Bill 300, 80 as to cover tho taxes of 1874, It would have been far loss trouble, and far moro intolligent, to have obtainod an amend- ment to the General law which would have admitted the city tax of 1874 to be extended on the State assessmont, and havo it collect- ed aader theGenoral law. Hnd this been dono, the tax of 1874 would not now be in peril, and thero would have been no question open as to tho tax of 1875, To have so amended the General law would have practically abolished several offices whose maintenance, and not tho public inter. eat, is tho sole pretext why tho City Govern. ment adheres so strenuously to Bill 300, HEW ‘Thoro {s a malicious story told in Ohio to the effoct that somebody sent Gov. Anuen a likeness of Mr. Toonman which was loboled “Our Noxt Prosident,” This was mean enough, cortainly, but the old gentleman was equal to the occasion, and simply put a pro- fixto the inscription which made it read, “The Nephew of Our Next Presidont.” This incidont occurred, if evor, before tho Inte Democratic State Convention in Ohio. Neither phase of it would suit tho pres- ent condition of things. That Conven- tion was useful in clearing away some Prosi- dential dend-wood in the Domocratio party. It reduced tho number of prominent os- Ppirants on that side from four to two, It summarily and incontinently eliminated both tho nephew of his uncle and the uncle of his nophow,—both Trusman and Antex. The struggle for the Democratic nomination is now narrowed down to Gov, Trupen, the candidate of the Enst, and Gov. Henpntoxs, the candidate of the West. The South, we believe, makes no claims. ‘Thoro are just three financial planks in the Ohio platform. Mr. Tuuaman has bean car- riod off on one and Inid out; Gov. ALLEN has been carried off on ono and shelved; Mr, Prnpreton has beon carried off on tho third and buried. It is safe to say that these three planks have beon of more service, regarded in this light, than any other part of tho plat- form. Ohlo is ont of the Presidontial fight 80 far as furnishing candidates for the Domo- cratic party is concerned. There is no chanco for any row botween tho sister States af Ohio and Indiana, Better atill, the family ties be- tween Mosars. Anne and Tauaman aro not to bo ruthlessly rent asunder by any rivalry forthe first placo in the nation, and these gentlomon may henceforth oxchange photo- grophs without inscription, supersoription, or subscription, and also without disturbing tho doticate and touching sontimont of ayuncular and nepotio affection, Gov. Auten was one of the original hard- money Democrats, It is said that he in- vonted tho term in the reign of Onanuzs IL, but this is doubtfal ; history in this rogard becomes moro tradition, and it is by no means catablishod that Gov, Antzn is so old aa this would make him. There {s mora reason for crediting the rumor that he used to hold Anpnew Jaoxson on his knee when the latter .roa a amall boy, and whisper hard- money into the child’s ear in a softened, modorated tono of voice that resembled the mufiled roar of the sea, Anpaxw Jacxoon's devotion to hard-monoy furnishes a atrong confirmation of this atory. Fora long time, however,—somathing like half a century,— Gov, Atren lived in a retired manner, and was only heard occasionally when he took up a position on his farm ond addressed his fellow-citizons in the distant cities of Cincinnat! and Columbus, But his cry was always for hard-money, until his election two yeara ago as Governor of Ohio revived tho old love for office which had been re- pressed for so many decades, and ho uow feels tho samo longing and adheres with tho samo tenacity in public place that ho would have doveloped s century or more ago in tho hoyday of his youth. This accounts for Gov, Austen's willingnesa to atand on a platform mado up of inflation planks and to howl for ‘cheap monoy” as lustily as he would orst- while have bellowed for a sound currency, ‘This complatsance in his old ago may possi. bly re-elect him Governor (though thie is doubtful), but it will defeat him as a Presi. dentist candidate, Gov. Autzn’s nephew fs In worse shape, Presidentially concerned, than the ald gon. tleman, Gov. Axtry's hard-money utter. ances are 60 obscured by the vista of ages that they may possibly have beon forgotten ; but no so with Mr, Taunwan, “Tho latter has only recently stood up in the United States Senate, and spoken boldly, foarlesely, and honestly in favor of sound curroncy. Ho has been among the foremost to warn the coun. try of the fatal dangers that awalt a nation whose commerce rosta upon the weak foun- dation of rags and paper, To has professed to be uncompromisingly in favor of the most rapid return to specie payment that ia prac- ticable, and irreconcilably opposed to the inflation of an irrodeemable currency, Yet Mr. Tauswan mado a speech just after the Obio Convention had adopted theso resolutions in favor of greenback expansion, in which he said: ‘But, my fellow-citizens, there are times when demands upon ua aro to great for our action, from the clroumstan- cow that ore wo momentous, that it is the duty of the man to suppresa this discontent, how- ever well-founded it may be, and put his ahoulder to the wheel for the common cause, and let timo correct whatever errors havo beon committed." ‘The Springfleld Repudli- cun says thiais ‘one of the most distressing suicides in our recent politics," and that tella the whole story, Bir. Tavamam knows that time does not correct such errors ag the Obio Convention committed, but that thay grow Worte with age asd caseuragensas, tom MAN may now quictly pass his arm through tho crooked clbow of his anclont uncle, and both my retire to some high place where thoy can got a good viow of the Presidential race in 1876, if thoy still rotain any intorost in it THE BEECHER BUSINESS, Thero seems to bo at lenst 9 well-(ofined possibility that the Brronen scandal may reach tha phase of 1 gocond trial,—a contin- gency which is in tho nataro of n public cn- Jnmity, moro deplorable if possible than the first trial, In the ovent that the verdict should be such ns to involve a second trinl, or that the new evidence said to have been discovered shonld warrant it, it ia sincerely to be hoped tlint tho casa mny bo transforred to some distant part of New York, where the country may be spared na much of the inflic. tion as possible, where there are no railroad lines or telegraphs, and where it will ba dificult for the ontside world to obtain the nows ; and it would bo better still if not one word could reach the publio until tho second verdict was nunounced, Of all tho inflictions which have been imposed upon the public and the nowspaper press, tho reporting and reading of the Bexonzn trial has been the worst. Tho scandal business commenced as a sonsation more than a year ogo, and has grown to be the most odious and intolerable bore with which tho prose has ever been afflicted, and we doubt not tho readers of the press sharo the samo opinion. It ja almost a farce to claim that this auit has been tried by a legal hearing, It has been tried by scandal-mongers, by adventurers, by the pressure of a powerful church, and by all sorts of irresponsible people. For over ayear the prosa has beon filled with special and As- sooiatod Press dispatches and correspondenco, to tho exclusion of iimportant and de- cent news ond instructive xeading mat- ter. It has been filled with obscen- ity, perjury, and lying; with the almost end- less talk of lawyers; with commonts, criti. cisms, and minor scandals from all sorts of poople. The press was placed in a position whero it could not ignoro it, because tho par- ties were national characters and the caso grew to be a national affair, and it had to keep on roporting it against its own wishes and impulses, Heretofore Tuz Cutcaco Tarm- unz has had to bear ita sharo of the nauseous burden; but hereafter it will exert its in- fluence, both by word and example, to ignore all future trials except to tho extent that they bring to light new fnota of interest to the public; -bat so far as the repotition of old statements, of repetitions of porjary and obscenity, crimination and rocrimination, ond of comments by all the scandal-mongers and prurient prudes of the country, is concerned, tho columns of ‘Tou Tarnone will have no nioro of it. ‘The present trial has beon an insult to jus. ticeand mockery of the forms of law. The blanvkest contempt of court has beon prac- ticod. The boldest porjury has been uttered. Tho jury hes been in the contre of a flood of gossip and scandal from tho outset, Tho lawyers on both sides have tried the caso be- fore the newspaper roportors for the purpose | | of influencing tho outaido public, and tho jury have sat in court like automatons. Even bofore the summing up commenced, it was not difficult for any observer to place his finger upon this juror and that juror and indicate with positive certainty what his ver- dict would bo, The friends of the plaintiff on the ono hand, ond the mombors of the church over which tho de- fendant ministers on the other, have boon regularly organized, and marched into the court-room daily to overawe, intimidate, influence, and browbeat; to sympathize, en- courage, and applaud, Witnosses havo boen drillod by cunning counsel to make their de- livery of tosimony dramatic, sontimontal, and spoctacuhr., Religious nowspapers and small impecuaious dailios hava beon snbai- dizod as organs, and boldly oriticised court ond jury. Reams of immaterial testimony, having no mow connection with the Bercnen enso than withthe launching of Noan’s ark, have boen paired into tho goncral sowor, whilo really metorial testimony and important witneases have been suppressed and spirited away. Thoso havo been tho charactoriatica of tho first trial of the Brzowen case, and under thoir influences it is safe to say that tho vordict of tho jury, whether it be for or sgainst Mr. Beronxn, will carry little woight with it, The case having been tried for tho pubto, ond every stop in it having been taton with the purpose to in- fluence the public, Mr, Breomer will stand or fall by the derision of the public, and, un- legs asccond tial shall be based upon cn. tirely new and yértinont facts, the public will havo no intorestin it, Should such a calam- ity occur, therofere, it ia to be hoped that tho triat will bo talon to some remote locality whore it can naver be heard from during ita progress, and where courts pay logs attention to technicalities and moro to facts. Lest of all would it be if {¢ could be taken to Paris before s commission, Then all the facta would be heard and nothing but the facts, ond a jury would arrive at a correct decision in as mony days aa it has taken months in Brooklyn. YUNDING THE PUBLIC DEBT, ‘The United States have not heen fortunate in the selection of the gontlomen who have boon at the head cf the ‘Treasury Department since the closo of the War, We do not ques. tion their integrity nor their patriotism, but it is matter of rogrot that they were not better fitted by education, experience, and habit of thought, for the important duty of mauaging the readjustment of the publio debt, We refer more particularly to Mr, Bovurwetr and his successor, Mr, Ricnanp. son, In 1870 tho time had arrived for placing the national debt in some form that would enable a reduotion ‘of interest, Congrous ‘was prepared to enact any measure that the Government might propose for that purpose, ‘There waa an annual surplus of tens of mill- jona of dollar, and there was sceming prog perity. Bir, Bourwztn then submitted hig uchemo, which was enacted by Congress, and fg known as the Funding act of 1870. Tho bonded debtof the United Statesat the close of 1869 wos a fraction over two thousand mill- iona of dollars, of which eigutecn hundred millions was in six por coats, The Funding law authorized the issue, in place of outatand- ing aixes, of two hundred millions of fives, three hundrod millions of four and « half per conta, aud a thousand millions of four percents, The number of fives was subse. quently incroased to five hundred millions of* dollars, At the date of this act there were about ¢wo hundred and twenty millions of fives out. standing. Sinco then, the Treasury Depart. ment has been canvassing the world trying to disposo of its five per cent bonds, The amount disposed of up to June 1, 1875, was four hundred and sive millions, and fifteen other millions have bean contracted to be taken by the 15th of August, ‘Mz. Dovrwata’s plan was to take up ifisen hundred millions of sixes by substituting five, four and a half, and four per conts; and thus reduce the annual intorest twonty- seven rmillions, Instead of accomplishing this, the Tresaury during the whole five yenrs haa been able only to dispose of four hundred and twenty millions of fives aud nono of the others, Tho saving of interest hereafter will bo but four million two hundred thousand dollara a year. An important fact in this funding business has been, that many millions of five-twontica have beon surrendered by those who have refused to purchase the new fives, They surrendered the sixes becauso they wero called, and refused to tnko tives because thoy wore pubject to calls at short dates, Short bonds aro not desirable for investmenta, The sixes were issued payablo in twenty years, or at any time aftor flvo years at the option of the Government. Practically they wero five. year bonds. The now five por cents aro re- deemablo at the pleasure of the Government at any time after ten yonrs from their date in 1871. Even tho four and a half per cents may bo called in 1896, and tho four por conta in 2901, Tho Treasury Department has per- sistently beon forcing tho five per cont short bonds on the market, and has never offered tho four per cont long bonds, ‘The Funding bill has beon in operation long cnough to show that the grent mistake or failure of the Funding act of 1870, which ‘Tue Tamune pointed out at tho time, was that the bonds wore mado with tho options too short, The Secretary of the Trensury, at that date, had o vision of paying off the whole bonded debt of $2,000,000,000 in twenty or thirty years, He could not sce tho excossive torture of taxing the country annually to pur- chase $100,000,000 of bonds which wore not pressing for payment, He oxpected to pay half the debt in his own term of offico, and to seo the wholo paid in his lifetime, Ho waa ambitious to be the grand paymaster of tho debt, and could not sco that his policy of ox- cessive taxation mnst of necessity brenk down within a short time, and that deftcionoy would toke the place of surplus. ‘The catastropho overtook tho country within throo yeors of the passngo of the Funding bill, and in the five years that have followed that bill there have been less than five hundred millions of the short fives aold. Tho timo hns come for achange in this law. The Governmont, profiting ‘by tho ox- Porfenco and failure of tho last five years efforts to fund the debt, might now try a new policy. Let the remaindor of the fives be mado payable at the pleasure of the Gov- ernment, say twenty-five years henco; the fourand o half per cont bonds nt forty years or Afty; and the four per cents sovonty-five yeara or oven longer; and thero would bo no difficulty in having them taken by the capital. ists of the world, who just now are earnestly secking long and certain invostmonts for capital not at present employod, and are will- ing to accept very low rates of interest on such seouritios, The Governmont can always buy its bonds at the market price. ——— ER. We fancy that most of our readora will agroo with us it is timo that Old-Probabill- ties’ management of tho weather should bo criticised. He has not falfilled the popular expectation in any regard. With all his sig- nalg and stations, his wind-currents ond ‘water-meoasurors, his areas of low barometers and high thermomoters, ho has not uaecoeded in establishing satisfactory relations with Jupiter Pluvius, nor regulated the weather with any degree of system. On the other hand, the land, tho sea, the heavons, the lightnings, the winds, and tho boroal polo, have made sport of him, and combined to do all possible havoo, Their efforts havo boon crowned with tho most complete success, Both the exterior and tho intorior of tho earth, aa woll aa the upper air, have beon so shaken and mixed up that they have exhibited every phenomenon possible to them, and scom. to havo inextricably confounded and confused the four scagons, An unusually cold winter has boon followed by an: unusually lato spring, destitute of anything like a zophyr orn May flower. Whon it has not beon cold it hog been foggy; when it has not been foggy it hna been raining—nono of your sweet, soft summer rains, but rains which havo deaconded in solid shects and with tor- riflo force, accompanied with bolts which have abnttered dwellings and killed human beings all over tho country. One day St. Louis finds itaclf undor water several foet doep. Another day Jacksonville is flooded, ond finds itself waist deep in water. The next day Kansas City geta n dose of rain, hail, thunder, and lightning, and tho result is, honses are blown down, ficlds and crops aro submerged, bridges aro washed away, and eyon tho grasshoppers surrender to the forcos of nature, Little orecks a faw feet cross aro awollon into rushing rivers, which flood tho lowlands and sweep off every growing thing. Jn the carly soason, tho floods camo and dovastated tho Bouth, the East, and the Wost, submorging villoges.in a ingle night, sweeping off mills and dams, turning thousands ont of thelr homes, and paralyzing the great industries of the country. What the water failed to wash away, the great ice-gorges crushed awny, and humon effort to check thelr destruction waa powerless, The tornado and the cyclona have added thelr fury to the othor disturbing agencies, There has not been a month since January in which some part of the country has not been expaged to the wrath of the hur- ricane, ‘Thousands of dollars’ worth of prop- erty have beon destroyed and hundreds of lives have boon lost by theses murderous agonoles, They have been quito impartially distributed. Firat, one swept over tho Town of Hfoustonia, Mo, leveling twenty buildings, killing six people, and injuring many others. Rienzi, Misa., was nearly dostroyod, and gix people wero killed. At Richland, 8. 0., many houses woro loveled and twopeople killed, ‘The northern part of Georgia was swopt aa if with a besom, and 800 people wore killed and property was destroyed to the amount of severa) hundreds of thousands of dollars, In Louisiana, sev- eral people have been killed. In Misalssipp!, five were killed, InArkansas, Minois, North Carolina, Ohio, and Minnesota, numerous lives have been lost, anda great amount of property has been destroyed, While these messengers of wrath have beon speeding on their way, the earth itself seems to have been shaken toita foundations, The Philippine Islands have been cracked and rent with earthquakes, and hundreds of lives have beon lout, Asia Minor has been ravaged. Soveral villages have been dostroy- ed and ovor o thousand victhns were buried, Nuw Gronada has suffered the most terrible fatality, over 15,000 persona having perluhed. Even Iceland, that far-away land of cold and frost, has been devastated in the moat terrible manner, Even before Obristmas the people heard the subterranean ramblings, In January a long-silent voloano hurled {tshot leva hod ashes over villages for 20 miles around, This was kept up for a month, and thon another supposed-oxtinct crater, 100 mites away, broke ont and dovastated the country for 60 inilos nroundit. In March the whole central part of tho faland waa inastato of upheaval, Mounds hundreds of fect high wero thrown up, and immediately becnine raging volcanocy, and for a radius of 200 miles the country was ruined, and 10,000 people were homeless and flooing for their lives, Evon the geysers censed thoir spout. ing of water, and havo ever since cmitted only rtreams of fire nnd columns of amoko, ‘Uhus oll over the world, snow and ice, freezing cold, water-spouta and snow-stides, ice-gorges, tornadoes, hail-atorms, lightning, delugos of rain, freshets, enrthquakes, and volcanoes havo been at work almost unintor- mittingly since the yonr began, destroying luuman life and property, and tho end docs not seom to Lave come yet, ‘Taken in con- nection with tho grasshoppors, the potato- bugs, and wire-worma, the gront epidemic of crime which seems to be sweeping all over the world, tho fearfully deatructive conflagra- tlous which almout overy day's dispatches bring, the low tone of public morala, the demoralization of municipal governments, and tho decline of missionary labors,—it does not form a very plensing picturo to contemplate, and certainly gives the Second Adventists good grounds for suppos- jug that tho ehd of tho world draws nigh. So for as the thormometrical miseries aro concerned, it is not within our provinco to discuss and decide their why and the wherefore, That isa duty belonging to tho sciontiats, Thoy aro sufficiently mixed, og- gravated, ond startling, however, in their relations to this country, to convince oven the superfcinl observer that Old Probabili- ties has Leen sleeping ot his post, and that the olemonts are running away with him as furiously and destructively ns tho horues of the Sun ran away with Phacton, ——S ee Tho Louisville Courier-Journal has beon interviewing ‘Gen. Buexx (who rosides near Rockport in Western Kentucky) on the state- monts contained in '* Smersan's Memoirs ” so for as they rolnte to Gon. Buen and tho con- splouous part which he weakly boro in the carlior poriod of the War. Gen. Burxr at- tempts to correct quite a number of things stated by Gon, Suznsan which he claims to be erroneous, But he scems to commit as many errors as ho correcta. For oxample, speaking of the battle of Donelson, ho says : ‘There fa alsosomething unpalatable, if not improb- able, in tho statement of Gen, Smmowan that Geo, Gnanr assured him that hia forca of 35,000 men ovor “‘noomed defeated,” or, as Gen, Saxnsan oxpiainod on another occanion, ‘were ready to give way," bo- fore the ten or twelve thousand Confederate troops at Fort Donelson, ‘There is nothing in Gon. Sremran's book that states that ‘Gen, Grant told him ho hed 35,000 men at Donelson,” or that the Confed- erates only numbered 10,000 or 12,000 mon, Both these estimates ara invented by Gen. Bue ond put into Gon. Suensan’s month. Gen. Gnaxt's forco was rather undor than over 80,000 men. During the night boforo tho enpitulation, 2,500 Rebels escaped under Gens, Piztow and Frorp, and the Robel loss in tho battle was 1,238 men in killed and wounded. Exclusive of tho wounded, nearly 14,000 men marched out of the fort and laid down their arms as prisoners of war, Almost 14,000 Fort Donelson prisoners wore sent to Camp Douglas, Chicago, for safe keoping, and they remained hore for a long time. Tho Robol force must thereforo have been at least as follows : Eacaped before tho aurrander, 23600 ‘Total Nebel fores....++, 738 Bat Buetz, who hates both Gnanr and Suxnuan, would have it bolieved thero wero only 10,000 Rebels in Fort Donelson, ail told, who surrondered to 85,000 men: under Grant, whereas they numbored nearly twico that many, and Gnant had 5,000 fower men than Bvett credits him with. One thing iscer- tain, that Buetn never captured such a forco Qa surrondered at Donelson to Gnanz, ond never struck the onomy such a blow, and, in fact, nover struck them any blow that over hurt thom, and don’t seem over to have tried ; and wo prosume this ia tho reason ho is so very popular in Kontucky, —_—— ‘Tho tax-payers of New York have roason to congratulate themselves upon the extraor- dinarily industrious and vigilant manner in which Gov. Trpen has used the veto power, as well as upon his unusual activity in dis- posing of bills, At the adjournment of tho Legislature, thore wore 250 bills awaiting his inspection, As ho had twenty-six days to perform the work in, ho was obliged to ox- aming over twenty of these bills each day, and in addition to this there were 287 items in tho Supply bill to be investigated. Of the 260 bills, he vetood fifty, and in the Supply bill ho cut out thirty-sovén items, At the expiration of the allotted time, fifty-two bills remained unsigned. By his prompt action some of the worst jobbory of tha scssion has failed to got a place on the atatate-books, the worst of which was tho bill ‘to authorize tho construction of work upon the canals,” in yetoing which ho dealt anothor deadly thrust at the Canal Ring,—tho aggregate of appropriations in tho bill amjountingto nearly §8,000,000, With regard to the voto and its probable resulta, tho Now York Sun anys: Of course, the veto of this portion of the bill fs sound both on the grounds of its inexpediency and ite un conatitutionallty, ‘These extraordinary ropaire aro only another name for Jobs, ‘The certificates aro a debt aguiust the Btate, which drawe Interest, and will. ultimately be pad, ‘To a larga extent they are doabt- teas now held by speculstors, who bought them at a heavy discount, They can aiford to walt, fitrong as hia position {a, Gov, TILDEN tas roused the anger of & largo and influential class of politicians, who will raleo Aatorm about bis cars, ‘The ablest of them belong to, and, indeed, are leaders in, the Democratic party of this Btate, ‘The contest between these Domocratlo managers and our Democratic Governor will pe a life and death atruggle, ‘The next Natfonal Convention will show which of the belligerente walks off the ficld conqueror, Wo recently printed an article in ‘Tre ‘Tmnuny giving an obridged history of the Free and Established Churches of Scotland, and showing the absurdity of thelr soparate existence, since the only cause of scparation (patronage and the election of ministers) had been removed. It now appears that the Free Church Assembly has consummated thia absurdity by refusing to reunite with the Established Ohurch, Two motions wero made in the Assombly upon tho subject, The first aot forth that the act (abolishing patron. age) confirmed the principlo of law which caused the original diaruption, and that tho Froa Church is not ready to change hor position for re-establiahmont, The sccond doclarod that the recent legislation is an im. portant tribute to the principles maintained in 1643, and, while removing a leading cause of division among Scottish Preabytorians, makes it hopeful that other causes insy bere- moved, After along debate on theso motions, the Assembly divided, rosulting in a vote of 807 for the first motion and 84 for the seoond, a majority of 613 against rounfon, Thus the two great Churches of Scotland, separsiod by | no barriers, porsist in keoping apart and di- viding their inflnenco and strongth. Of a’l isronsions, tho religions aro the hardoat to sattlo, The grontest wear on a street pavement falls upon that portion which lies between tho horse-rallrond tracks, It lias not only the constant tread of the horses attached to tha cara, but it is selected for all the heavy teani. ing on nocount of the assistance afforded by tho rails to the ensy moving of the wagon, It is not unusual tint the wooden pavemont botweon tho tracks has to ba renowed every two yoara, or, if it is not, it bocomes n serious nuisance, The horse-railroad companies can do n great work by Inying their portion of the street-pavements in white onk, as thoy may thoraby domonstrato its superiority over the pine, Clark atreot, which was paved with white onl in 1869, lasted till tho fire came,— twelve years; and if tho same matorinl should be adopted universally for the wooden pavements thore would no longer be any queation ns to tho best street-pavemont for cities, It would then bo decided in favor of the wooden blocke, —_—_—_—_=_ Among the masa of contennial literature resurrected of Into are two circulars issued at about the same time by tho Amorican and English authorities for tho purpose of en couraging enlistment. Ono, published af Cambridge, offers “youth of spirit” a ‘'trnly liberal and goncrous” bounty of $12 af they will onter the American army. Soldiers will be enrolled, it says, on “tuesday, wodnes-, day, thursday, fryday, and saturday.” After “sponding a few happy yoars in viowing the differont parts of this beautiful continent,” they can ‘return home to their frionds, with their pockets full of money and their hoadscor. ered with laurels.” Tho British, then quartered at Boston, wished ‘spirited follows,” and promised them £5 bounty, good pay, and, ad the end of the wor, 60 Acres of Land where overy gallant Horo may rotire and en. Joy his bottle ond lass," The death from hydrophobia which occurred fn Brooklyn Jaat week is in somo respects note: worthy. ‘Tho victim was largo, robost man, of temporate habits, Tho dog that bit him showed no symptoms of disease, and {fa atill alive, appar ently in perfoct hoalth. Tho wound was in« fiicted accidentally, whon the man and dog were at play; it healed kindly, and no marks were loft. Tho patient, however, continned anxious aud morbid. Ho consulted a pbyalcian, and wag Aasured that thoro waa no dangor. Still be lived in constant droad of bydrophobia, passing sleep. loss nights, and often subjecting himeolf to various tosts in fear of discovering traces of disoaso, Finally, on the 1ith of Juno, sight woeks after the bite, tho firat symptoms of hydrophobia wore manifosted. Spasms surperyoned, and the pa tiont died in greatagovy, ‘Tho case is anoma- lous, but not without a parallol, Just about» year ago,one MoConatcx died in Now York City under much tho-same circumstances, All that seeme to ba ostablished in regard to hydrophobia doos not conflict with the devolopmonta fust no- ticod. Tho prime condition of the diseaso ia, that the animal communteating tho virus should be excited, which baa boon tho caso with all healthy dogs whoso bitos have proved fatal. can The accond-band book-deslers seem inclined to protest against tho enforcoment of the law requiring thom to pay a license, and are ondoay= oring to make it appoar that, in prosecuting thom, thore is genoral proscontion of delles let- tres and all that the namo implies. ‘This ta sheor nonsense, It isthe law that the seconl- hand book-dealors shall pay a licongo, aod thoy ought tobe constrained to do it, if thoy fail to do it voluntarily, Tho Ncenge 1s only a email nin por annum, and 18 in iteolf unimpor- tant; but it carries with it the obligation ta mame snd realdenco of tho porson who sells. Stealing books from homos and offices has be- como & vory common and oxcoodingly annoying Practice, and, as most of the atolen books ar¢ wold to nocond-hand doalors, tho provision of Jaw rolative to tho registry is just as neoful in their caso aa itis with rogard to pawo-brokora and junk-dealora; and itis in no: wine a rofloo tion on tho second-hand Book-dealora,—at loast not upon those who do not desire to purchase stolen books, ———-—_—. A worthy Scotch Profossor, supposed to be de- seconded in direct lino from the Covenanters, and whose loyalty to tho kirk has mover until Intely ‘boon questioned, has beon placed in an awkward situation. He is threatened with an exposure of his private roligioua convictions, which are aald to be shockingly “low.” The exposure will como, if it comes at all, through tho publication of a work containing acloctions from the corre spondenco of tho lato Joun Sruanr Mint, with whom our Professor maintained 9 long aud inti- mato correapondence ou rationaliatiothemes, Tae ditoulty of tho Profossor ia doublo-odged: he cannot object to the publication without confors- ing cowardice, nor consent to it without bring= ing dowa upon bis hoad a storm of Scotch-Pres- bytorian fury, The prespect, it will be ob- sorved, ia appalling; and worst of all ia the thought that a reprosentative man, who pretends to make reagon hta sole guide, has not learned, better than to betray bis own convictions, Gen, Baenwax, accordiog to bis memoirs, made ono mistako—at Joaat one that the author notlced—in his life, and that was at Benton» ville, North Carolina, when Gon. Mowzn broke through tho Rebel line, and he orderod him back. He thinks he “ehonid rapidly have followed ‘Mowsn’s lead with the wholo of tho right wing, which would have brought on a genoral battle, and it could not havo resulted otherwise than successfully tous.” This is a caso whore the author evidently intended that Suzaman doad should criticise Barzun iying, but the publioss tlon ante mortem renders it locumbent upon the General to take up tho cudgel againat an author who hsahad tho temerity to say that he ever mado even one mistake during a lifetime of anok obsquered fortane as to afford him ample oppor tunity, and ''to orr is baman,” ——_—$.———. Lrvesroot, June 94,—-Merchants are salling Ameris can Jeon at Wolverhampton at $35 per ton.—Cuble dus patch, On the aame matter the London Anglo-Amer- dean of June 5 has the following: nis in London houses connected de; nor 18 this surprising conalderiug how great Las beuu the revulsion brought abuut by the cessation of the demand in the United States, A steady suipment of pig tron ts said to be golug ou from Ameri cau ports to Eugland, The iron jv used to ballast cotton ships, aud sells iu Livurpool for $35 to $40 gold per ton, Iti dewcribed as the best charcoal pig iron, wnd {s sent out on orders from Enyliah troumast who are able to make » small saving in the cost their tron compered with Kuglish prices, A vé law iu comblies with a mail © eal io pre ace thls, From the foregoing it doos not seem that American plg-iron makers stand in much need of protection againat English iron, North America now bas communication with Europe through five cables. Tho rst of those uow in working order was laid in 1860, the Becond in 1869, the third !n 1878, the fourth in 1874, and tho last bas just been completed, The name ‘direct ocean cablo" given the new lnc is in one aenge a misnomer, alnoe it is, with the ex- ception of the French Ive from Bret to Dux bury, the Jongest of all. Tne capacityof the new cable, it 1s eatimated, will be only balf as many words a minute as that of the Newfound- Ignd now, the losa being caused by the differ ence in length of thi One of the ke ttod Councilmen of Philes dalphia recently referred publicly to that amis ble, slow-golug city asa Ton-cent town.” She Inquirer, recognising the appropriateness of the phress, takes up and amplifies the theme at ced ‘Keop a rogiatry of all books purchased, with the -