Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 19, 1875, Page 10

TIE CIICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY JUNE 19, 1875.—TEN PAGES. LITERATURE. un AMERICAN HISTORY FOR BOYS.AND GIRLS, Tur Mawtony of Ove Cocntny, tro Irs Discovent ne Conumnve 304 CELENRATION OF THR ULN- JENNEAL Anstenealy oF I78 Dectanation or INDEri Nie. iy Mra, A.D, Rictagpaon, Bos- foo Ht, Hotpliton & Ca, Tt is natural for tho children of ona gonera- tion ta taka caro of thoxoof tho next. Tho vhildren of thia ago must consider ihemaolyes— drmnet bo consitored, for thoy will not recog. nize their own good Inck—fortunate beyond tho title onc that bara trooped before aud aro now torving them. ‘Tho latter had to got thoir hia- sory from tho remote and eumborsome, oven if fascinating, anusls of Rolling, and Plutarch, ond thet stories from tho * Pilgrim's Progrozs,” nd! Fox's Book of Martyrs." Now tho beat ete.y-tellors ond same of tho finest minds inesch great branch of homan effort aro doing their best work for tho ehildren. ‘To them aro told tho best stories, and fortham aro written some of tho best text-books, Adults can find no moro chatming proscntation of tho scenic fos- tures of English history than Dickens givea in his Child's History of Euglond ; and American histories, liko thoso which Wontworth Higuin« gon and Abbio ‘Sago Iichardson have compusod for childron, will easily find moro rendors, young end ofd, than move pretentious but Ices ontortaining onos. Col. Miggineon's work and Mra. Nichardeon’s havo appeared so near to cach other that thoy will naturally be contrasted, but neither loses by tho comparizon. Thoy aro different in volume, in mothod, snd effect. Wiggineon gives us a charming oriof of tha main eventa of American lustary in @ daodecimo yolumo of 330 pages. Mra. Richardvou's book isan equally on- tertnining octavo nf 590 pages, with much more profuso illustration thon Higginson’s, and re~ pleto with ancedote and stones that were noces- sarily omitted from tho other moro compen- ious work, Litto children aro apt to like big books that are full of short storioa and protty Pictures, and wo boliovo Mrs, Richardson's book will havo great popniarity on thai account, to pny nothing of its othor merits, Thero is an ad- inirable absence of prefaco, an invitation topasy tho threshold without tho usual formalitios, From the beginning tothe end tho yaried ant _ alluring. ntory of the growth of our country 14 toid with na fnacinating simplicity combined + with eingtlar dramatic abttity that keep up the suggestion of tho dedication. It is 03 if wo heard tho mother telling her two boys at hor kneo of the achievements of thoir forofathors “in tho hope that it may help to woken and Keep aliva in their hearts ono of tho voblert end most sacred of human ferlings—the love of coun try.” ‘Mra, Richardson'a unnenal qualifications for tins work, and the moro than ordinary facilitie, cho has enjoyed for aceras to materinis and. lustiations, ‘aro pot generally known, but ine troduco themselves to notice in this book. Thera is evident @ study ant comparison of original suthorities on nimost every page that plico it far above tho rank of a mero compilation overlaid ‘with somo liter- ary venecring. Jt ia much more tin this, and {# entitled to praise for iia high char- acter ns an authority and its avordance of tha inh policy of parpotuating legends bocausa they mako good reading for tho imaginativa mind of childhood, In tolling the story of Pocahontas, for inatanco, the youthtn! reader in sawarned that tt is so romantic that it hay aubeo- quently bocn declared faleo, and throughout the Lohk the policy of inviting a discriminating habit of mind in tho young render is pursued, ‘There ia aot the rame time an nbsenco of’ tae govthemania and the harsh idol-brenting spirit that has #eized too many modern writers nnable fo bolieve in anything and unwilling that others nhould do 60, Airs, Richardsou has dono ber literary work, an might be expected, with great wloll and witha command of apporite quotatious and references that greatly eubauces ita intorest. ‘Lhe slluatra- tions which meet tha eyo on neatly every page havoall Leon desigued and selected under her immediate supervision, oud are of great boauty and yaluo, Tho book is an acquisition in ovary respect to the litersturo of the yonug, snd de- earves tha warm words of cowmendatian piven it by John G, Whittier and George William Curtia, tho former of whom writes Mlre. Jiehardron that her work fille "x vacuum be- tuecn tho admirable but small volume of Hig- sinsou aud the more voluminous hiatorios of tancroft and Hildreth ;” aud the latter that ‘it is a very simple, cloar, owing, interesting var- yalive,—not morély a dexcription of avauta, but a pictairs of life wid persons which will boa very yaluable and conyouteut inanual for everybody," LAWYERS, ANCIENT AND MODERN. ‘Tun Uistour ov Lawsens, Axctext axvy Mooran, Dy Winutast Fousrtu, ‘Anthor. of “dtistory of ‘Trial by Jury,” "Life of Cicero,” ete., ete, WIth Muntratious, Gvo., pp. aut, Estos & Lalit,” Veice, S50, This loarned and interosting work {a not only a valuable accession to the hbrary of tho lawyer, Gut to that of the goncral historian aw woll, It gives a broad and continnous sketch of tho of- - fice and functions of an advocate Yrom tho oar- Jiest days of the profossion down to the prosent timo. It opens with a roviow of the duties, the dignity, and the resyonsibility of the vacation of tho dofender and oxponndor . of the law, aud then passer tos consideration of tho » Workof theadvocato andorator in the coun- os ‘s More eehool exercteas, and five of t tries of Grocce and Nome, France nnd England, where forenela oloquence has beon cultivated with tho groatost reputation and succoes, From Athens alono proceoded the groat ora- tors of Groceo. No othor city or Stata in tho confederacy ever produced a ploader of clo- quence sod renown. Yot hore the alice of the advocate aid not pertain to any distinct clasa of mon, but was, ass general rule, sasumed in each {nutance by somo speakor who Lad a personal in- terent in tho caso on trial; or later, by coma rola- tive or fifond of tho particu immediately concern« ed. Thero wore persona, however, connected with tho Athenian courts who made s business of composing speeches for clients, which wero delivered by tho parties themsolvos ia thelr own cauecs, Such was the oconpation of Antiphon, Lysiaw, Ieecta, fxocrates, and othor dietinguishod meu of Athens. Demosthenes wrote orations for hie clients, besides delivering them on hig own sccount tn trina where bo bad a porsonal concern in the result, But some of tho most celebrated oratious of antiginty were never epclen, 'lwelve of tho fiftecn porches attributed to Antiphon wero 0 ix Oras ‘ainst Verres wore nover deliv- ciel; while the second Philipple’ was not wt- tered in the Sonato. Pericles Ia raid to bo tho first osator who wrote his speoches ous beforehand. Demostheney, adopting this cus tom, was onco Ho dieconcorted while pleading at the Court of Vhilip that ho forgot hts argument and was unable to go on, Tho Atheulans wero wo fond of forousle contests that = great body of them exercieed Judicial functions as « moany of welilbood. Sixty thousand of tho citizens wore yearly appointod to the office of dicast aud sont a8 judges and jurymon in the courts, Five hundred of thoso dicauts, who woro taken from all classes Fadiacriininatels, served ov ovary tral, constituting a voritatls mob, whom it way tho dificult task of the advocate to couvineo aud persuade, f _ du the carly ages of tho Roman Ropubille, tho litigant parties appeared personally in court, and conducted tho cause thomaelved. ‘Tha torm advocalus was not ayplied to a pleader until af- tor the timo of Cicero. Cato, tho stern morallat and consor, Waus moat gifted advyocate,—"an eloquent orator, a profound lawyer, aud a groat writer." Cicoro stutcé that more than 600 of Cato’ orations wero oxtant in bis day, Boiplo the younger, Mark Antony, grandfather of the Yrumyir, Crassus, bia rival, aud Cicero and dlurtensiuy Were among the moat culebrated fo~ Tensic orators of liome. Hurteusine was 4o kracetulan action and eloquont in delivery that. 20p and Hoscnie wore iu the bavi of attending the courts where he spoke in order to gather useful hints for the stage, Cicero devoted theo voara of sovera and un- renting #tudy to the cultivation of aratary, the greut passion of his life, Jt waa his belof (oot universal knowledge was neceasary to the orator, “J will pronouuce hin to a vom- plete orator,” ho declared, * who cau epeak ap. cn all subjocte with varioty and fullness.” ‘Cho jyeut Cweat was himealé ouce an advocate at tho foman Lu, aud bad be pot abandoned tho lay for tho army would undoubtedly Lave rivcu ty the Lighoot so0k av 6 wpouker, Tacitus says that" Cwsar lhe Dictator wan on & por with tho greatest orators; and Quintilian tells us that had he devoted bitiyolf to the forum bo slone would have rivaled Clegra, Craar always xan careful attontiou to his upeech, which was satinguisbed for elegance aud propricty of ox- prees.on. : We aro not able to fullow Br. Forayth's inter- history down into wodoyu times, but through alt ite lougth it sa (Uustrated mith varied gud profound learning. Tho reador who givea time to ite poruaal will be rewarded with au en- tions of Cicero Jargod andinstructlve view of tho career of tha advocato for something like 2,000 years. e HEAD AND HEART. Tire Mestanrea ny THe Miran axw Hrant Expats. ED! INoLUDING AN HtvnovED Sretest oF Tits NOLOGY, 4 New TReony oF THE EMOTIONS, AND AN * EXALANATION oF TH MYaTLAIRG OF MESitERINM, Tnaxery MiXD-HEADING, 4X0 THE Spanrt-Datce ston, Tiluatrated by Upwards of Ono Hundred Engrarings, Dy J. Sraxtex Gnistes, J2ni0,, pp. B50, Chicigoz W, iB. Keen, Cooke & Co, Tho suthor of thia freslt troatleo on Phronol- ogy aud Physiology combined haa been for more than forty yoars engaged in the study of the stracturo aod functions of the brain, and in teo- turing npon the mental phenomena observed in tho course of his investigations, Io was one of tho enrllest disciples of Spurzheim, whocame to Amorica fa 1932, ond died in the autumn of tho samo year in Boston, But tho pupil hae improved upon tho maator, and carried the scienco of phronology far boyond the pent whora both Gall and Spurzhom had loftit. Io has introduced important changes in theelassitication and arrangement of the organg ‘of tho brain, altoring the namos of soveral, in- torproting anow tha oftice and influence of oth- ers, and dividing the emotional facultios Into two elasses,—the Ipaoal and the Social. In the pros» ent work the entire eyztem of phrenology, as am- plified and Improved by Dr. Grimos, is lald be- foro tho reader with explanationa and directions iutended for (ho practical nao of such aa wieh to master the trt of reading the character from the conformation of tho cranium. The structure of tho brain ty jliustrated by means of numerous cuts oxhibiting the organ ns it existe in man and inimany of tho lower aolinala. Following the exposition of phrenologs, Dr. Grimes has in- cluded in his work his original views of tho physiology of the omotions, [a eupporta, with atrong srgument, tho opinion that ‘the omo- tions intlnenco tho vital organs to com- pel them to conform to the oxigencies of tho mind." Ono class of emotions aro exalting in their offect, impolling the body to act with evergy and influencing the heart to in- crease the supply of blood to sustain the oxor tlon, white another class aro dopressing in their effect, restraintug or modorating tho action of tho bods, and influencing tho host and other vital organs to elackon tholr movements and diminish the cir- culation, Dr. Gall originally Burgasted that tha sympathetic nerve was tho channel of this intlu- once, and Dr. Grimes, extonding tho idoa, abows that tho imiluoncs 13 ngefnl and functional, aod also that it fs of a preliminary character, On reaching thik point in lis treatise, after much caroful and intresting clucidation, Dr, Grimes undortakes to demonstrate that tranco, mormeriem, and the medlumistia stato ara produced simply by tha exces- sive action of tho deproesing emotions, or, o8 the aro otherwito = named. of tho Those conforming prorenisbes: propengitica aro submiesivences, kindness, fmi- tativences, and credencivences, and tend, when called into undue action, to diminish the circnls- tion in tha Imbas, face, and brain, so aa to pro- duco an abnormal form of sleep, known under the various names of tranco, hypnatiem, catalep- By, ecataus, ete., eta. Dr. Gnmes dishelleves wholly in the reputed phonomons of Spititustiam, and dosa not heei- tate to declare that, in his opinion, no table ever moved or poucil aver wrote in the manner do- scilbed by witnesses and bolievers in thé euper- natoral behavior of material things, Ho flatly Pronounces false every o-sortion that modiuma can or have read acaled lotters, painted pictures blindfold, played upon instruments of music when ignorant of iho art, or performed tho hundred trioke impossible to mortal beings inn normal etsto, aud claimed to bo en- acted by tho agency of spirits. Ifo more- over explains Low the medinmistto state may bo induced by au wpplication of the principles of phreno-physiology developed by hint. Laying Jor many soars been experimenting in mesmer- tm, aud being ablo to produce an curious re- sulte by his own akill as any titat mediums bavo effcctod through the protonded iutervention of epinits,—cithor iu tho test: or out,—Dr, Grimes fects at liberty to axsert that all phenomena aa- sociated with tho trance state aro referable to tho vatural causes which he hes himmelf discov- ered, and long employed in his practice, and which ho has explained in several published works, but moro eapociaily fu tho one now noticed. It in tho fashion zor Science to Isagh at Phro- nology nowadaya, and refuse ita theories gre- epsctiniconslderation, But there is surely somo truth in tha system that claima{o discover the disposition aud the intellectual powers in tho oxtornal form of tho head... Whoovor bas bad bis bumps examined by a skiliful phrenologian is ready to acknowledge that tho seercta of bis mind and heart were found out through soma easy aventio, though he may dony that the mo- qualitica in the surfacoot bis skull aloo oponod up the war, ‘Thore fs costain fascina- tion in DPhronology to every student af human nature, and tho hints it civos aro accopted and made uso of, cither consciously or uncouscionsly, by ovory iudivid- ual who attempia to divino human character with cortajuty and colerity, Tha candid porsan can pearely help believing there is a futuro for Mhreuology, when tho system will be thoronghly developed aud portected, when it will be ac- knowiedged a4 an important as woll 68 most. lutoreeting Bcience, and its great practical yaluo will be generally appreciated and neilized, DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE. UntusrnatD Hoses: A Benrre or Parecns Descour ina Tiyan Houats anp Reau Peoroe, Uy EC, Gaupwex, Author of “ Momos, aud Jlow to Make Them,” Square 12 mo., pp, 37, With Wustratous, Boston; damos R, Osgood & Co. Mr, Gardner has horetoforo Jald housa-build- ersunder a spocial obligation by tho sousiblo nd practical hints on domestic arvbiteoture of- fered in a dolightfal-volumo about “ Homes, and Ilow to Make Them." Ifo now extonda his sorvices In tho sama direction by giving the ac- tual history of the plauning and building of 5 dozen or moro differcnt homea adapted to tho requiremonta of as mavy different classes of persons, There ara among tho number a. homo for # Judge, as doctor, a .mulater, a Professor, mechanic, ® planter, and «® wyinster. Of them all, Wonra most attracted to the plan of a small, choap, yet smplo aud convonlent, hougo fora sluglo woman, or foran eldorly couple who 20 longer focl equal to tho manayement of a largo establishment, but do not wish to part with their identity and indepondonce iu tho homes of tholf cong and daughters, ¢ Tho house coneinta of ono room 12 by 16 feot, with a bay-windoi 4 by 8, and » recoas for » bed Sby 8, Atthe foot of the bed tun little drens- fog-room; at the load aclosot for wearing ap parcl. Tho ontry is in ove corner, and thachina clovot in another, A company cbaimbor ig overhead, and o cirentar ocllar, 12 fact in diameter, underneath, A little Jean-to shed at the rear accommodates coal, ete, andtho wholo structure iy built ina neat aod tauteful manuor for $500, Tho lady who orders the plan has 500 left to invext, aud purposes to live upon the income, adding ta it by such work Qu sho has the taste and ability te perform, “Happily,” rauatke thia wiecet of women, “1 can furnish my own room wrth much thas ia romlly artistlo, “For my duily broad I shall, if bood Lo, imitate tho philosophers of old, whoso gon crust aud wator ted such wondrous brain, he sun wball ‘9 me light bv day, the moon and tara by night. [shall read, and write, and atudy, £ eball at least talk with wieo people through thor books; if thoy come tu aco mo, tary havo some now truth of art or nature to ampart.” What one of the alugle sisterlivod would not be happier inhabiting a quiet, cosy bomo hike this, thao dwelling ios palace owned and occupied by others? . Aa die, Garduer Limdelf truly ways: Wa aro growing wicked, and valu, and wick, and useless, all because homes aud houngkeoping are on a faizo bawis, 1 can se0 no way vut of the wilder. nena tll somo kuintly woman who knows tho suffering and tho need of humanity shall gird herself, wot to dietribnte tracts, or sell pious books, or organize Dureaa Bocictica, or geud the Gospel to the faraway heathen, but to place donicelic aychitectusa aud domestic service and duty iv the sight of sit men as the ouugnitial foundation of a wound social structure." ‘The houses planed by Mr, Gardner look ua picturesque and inviting in the illustrations that ono fuels & painful longiog straight way to eet shout tuitding a homo that ehall be really vepre= rentullve; tat shall bo convenicut, aud attisiic, oud choractorisnie,—a« continual satisfaction to bouy and soul. comfort aud Verna 0. peta neeet ete averniis, var Laue: salon; Nouocubor & Moaders avis eee His Ds Nino years ago, 3 Germau geotloman by the “pame of Heness establlubed « uchool of modern Jangusgen iu New Haven, Uonn. Bo was auslut ed by ML. Sauveur, tho author of this clover little book. It was soon nolsed about that a naw Jmothod of teaching had been sntroduced, Ant Boithad. Tho childron who went to the achool learned French and German with marvolous ra Pidity. They used scarcely any taxt-books, but wero Instructed by object-teaching. M. Sauvour would hold up the pictnro of ahorso, and givotha namo of the animal in Fronch, followed by his class, «Then ho would walk nround the room, heading an Indian filo of boys and girla, o whom repeated after hin, in French, 0 horse walka.” Dy the time tho pictured animnl had walked, and (rotted, and galloped, and nny “cheral" was as firmly imbedded aa **borsa” is the children’s memories, and various verbs had ined 8 footing thore. This unique ssatem— javented, wo beilove, by M. Henoss—has proved avery great succees. “Petites Causcrios" puta itinto words, ‘Tho book consists of a eerics of familiar talks with children, ln which stories aro told, pleagautry is Jedalred in, and the pills of knowicdgo aro coated with tho srrosteat of sugar, It would make an admirable text-boon in tho many schools which now ure wrotchod compilations of convereation, that inform tho Ddavwildered pupil that tis aunt's secoud cousin ag a new apron: or that the watch of the mill- cris pold, while the watch of the baker in ailver. An flustrated edition, written for emailer chil- dren, is 8oon to appear. It willdoubtieas bo bet- tor yet. Woaro glad to seo signs of tho aboli- tion of barbarona mesna of instruction in the modera janguagot, When s child leains Dronech in tne name way that Lo doce English, he will leary it equally well. FRUITS OF MISSIONARY WORK. ‘Crmserian Misatoxs, By the Rey, Juris H, Seerte, Professor I Armhert College, 12m0,, pp. 207, New York: Dodd & Mead, f In this well-written plea for the support of Christian miesious, Mr. Scolye gives some intor- esting particulara rogardinz the prosont progress of evangelization among heathon nations, In tho Fiji Islands—which havo lately acquired a new importance from their annoxation to tho British Empiro—the Wesloyan missiouaries boran thoir work in 1835, Tho inhabitants, numboring about 200,000, woro at tho timo all cannibals, Tho Woaloyan missionary report for 1874 atatos thst nearly 140,000 rogniarly attend divino worship on Sunday; 25,463 are chorch members in full communion, and 4,450 aro on probation. Thore are 040 na- tivo preacbors, and 1,234 day-schools, attended ‘by 45,792 childron, An English naval oflicer, de- acriblng a Sunday servico which ho attended on one of tho tslands, saya: ‘I was yory much impreasod by tho scene bofore me, Only fificen yeara beforo, avery man enw-was a cannibal. Clore to mo aat the old Chiof, Bible in hand, and epectacioa on forehead, who was, twenty yoats back, one of the maoat sanguinery and forocious of thie torribio iand; and with 20 yards of me was tho site of the fatal oven, with tho tree Bull standivg, covorad with tho notches that marked cach now yictim.” In India, o missionary confarence was held nt Allahabad iu the closing week of 1872, at which seven differcot donomiuations, supported by as many differont natious, wore represented, Whon the diferent reporta wero brought in, it was found that whoress ia 1862 there wera 138,781 native Christians in all India, thera were, in 1872, 224,101, boing ga incronae of over $9,000 in ten years, ‘Tho largor portion of this fucroaso ‘was from the lower castes aud from tho aborici- nes, yet one-fourth, or mora than 20,000, of tho converts, woro Hindous of high caste, Since Christianity wae introduced into Obina, missions bave boen extablisted in forly waliod citios and 280 villages, whilo- over 400 native [gpachass have becn fitted ‘for thelr work. In 863, there were 4,000 Chinese mombers: of Christian Churches, and in 1873 this number lad increagod to 8,000. ECONOMY IN TRAVEL, Hvnorg ron Two Doutans a Dar: A Few Notes ¥OR THE Asseraxce OF Tountsts oy Monenatz: Means, Witt Boz Pensonat Itrauniscexces oF Travet, By M, F. Sweerzen, Paper; pp, 128, Houston: Jamies i, Ougood & Co. ‘The titlo of this pamphlet eufliciontly oxplaina the nature of its contents, and, whon wo add that it ia writton by tho editor of Oegood’s ‘Hand- book for tlio Maritine Provincos,” a guaranty of ita trustworthiness and practicabliity {8 affordod. Whon Str, Sweetzor was a youth not yet through hie collage edacation ho wae seized with a desiro to. visit Europo, and roaolved to give up tho studies of the senior yoar fors study of tha art and architecture of tho Old World, Ho bad 61,500 to ozpend upon tho tour, and tho great question was whether he should hae it ap io 8 jusurious trip of three montha or Ptactice economy and prolong the ploaaures and profits of Bignt-aceing, The latter courso was docided upon, and tao oxpenses of a twenty months’ hey were comfortably brought within $1,200), leaving #300 for the purchase of picturos, ‘Tho wisdom that Mr. Bweetzer gained from this oxporience he now pobhiubigs for tho benofit of young men of Itmited means who fecl tho im. puleo for Kuropean travel to which be early yielded, His advice is conolze and to tho point, aud contains suggestions that all travelors would do woll to consider, A mention of a fow of tho topics capsciatly troated will show tho utility of the book: Ofa Preliminary American Tour; About Monoy, and How to Carry It; of Buying Goods Wisoly; of Circulating Libraries, Cheap Booka, ote. 3 of the Etiquette of Chinchos and Falcon ; of Forming Propor Auticipations, ote,, eto, GUIDE THROUGH CANADA, Tue Manitiaz Provinces: A Haxnsoox you Tnavenens, A Quipe To THe Cher Crrtes, Coaata, 4x IstaNoe oF Te Mazeriue Provixces or »Cavana, lomo, pp, 333. Luatons James B, Oe good & ‘Co. When Charles Dadley Warner pnblished his charming book of trayvol called * Baddeck and ‘That Sort of Thing,” everybody asked overybody clso Whero in the world ie * Baddeck’?"* and no- body could tot!, for tho locality of Baddeck was really “ono of thoso thinga that no. follow can find out,” from any map, geography, or gulde-Look extant,—ot ‘least without cx- tensive and voratious roagarch, But how, thanks to tho book boforo us, Daddeck, and every other place in tho Maritime Provincoa of Eastern Dritish Amorica that ono Would wish to hunt aut—no mattor in what out- of-the-way nook ft ia stowed—can be quicily found, together with overy bit of information about It that can serve tho travelor with face act thitherward, or satisfy the curloalty of the la- quisitive sojourner st homo. ‘Ebe plan and atructure of thie hand-book are based upon the syatom follony~ ‘n the popular Europeag guide-books of K..i uaedackar, Ite dats ponearning routes, hote’s, and sconio at- traotlons bevo been collected by the editor at the cost of months of inccavant travel, and aro ag trustworthy as caroful, tiroleds effort could ako them, ‘bo tourist contemplating an oxcuralon amid tho jutorosting scenery of Canads, Now- foundian?, Labrador, or tho St. Lawrence Prov- ince», will estimate the vaine of the book and uot fail to avail himself of its information, MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS, Bocratissro, Commowtstio, Motuanisric, AND Fr- NANCIAL FoAoMENTs, Uy Witutam DB, Gmeane, 16 0, By. I, Boston s Lee & Kbepard, From his brief preparatory romarke we loam that Mir, Greene has, for a quarter of » contury past, baon in tho habit of publicly expressing his oploions in newspapers, books, sud pam- philotes, aud that, at the suggostion of persons in- torauted in his ideas, Lo bas selected fragments {rom these past contributiona to the press and inctosed thom, without referonce to dato or unity of subject, in the prazont volume, Mr. Groone dass vigorous aod independent mind, which hea ‘been trained by study aud rotloction, Hs sesave are ‘characterized by ® rugged common sense thatcarea rathor to be atrong than nice io its dotmoustrakons. ‘The critical comments on Dr, Edward H. Clarke's book on “Sox in Eduoa- tion” ara shrewd, rongh, but, in the main, jnst, and afford a fair wpscimen of the author's man- per of writing. SS ho rie MISSION OF PAIN. jas pLE Brour, 1 Wp. 238, New York? Dodd & Meads MehPe 18% ‘Tho affect which Mr, MacDonald has desired to produce in tuly little fairy atory,—that of making tho reader Jook solemn aud close the book with a sigh,—will bo accomplighed fn moat caseg. It ta an oxemplification of the cruol Trocess by which womo hard, bad natures aro sohened and Xodeaived frou blttas and auc- Borrows. might have for it tho pitilesuly ¢rue lines of Mra. ‘owning ele Ruowlodge by surteri “__Aitole perfected in goats eo ‘Wo aro in donbs whother tho book is intended for the amusement of chil struction of adult, ren ox foe hs Tae dai PERSON? FOR WOMEN, S Abcex or Marsunitr, ELIZAnEty Epsox Evans, 120, pp. 128, Pbtaleipuay ede anes 2204 Py pitas J, "Lips vin. ‘Two grave and earnest essays on the abuse of puaternity, “Through Ite Rejection,” and “Through Ite, Unwise Acceptance,” pre_ad- dreused by Afre, Evans to wives and mothers, Tha sin against which they lift up a warning yoica {s moro ofton tho rerults of ignorance of {ta evil natnre and reault than of a deliberate Wrong Purpose, therefore the groatneod and valuo of tho instractlon they impressively cons vo! [ho motto heading one of them well ex- plaina and sanction tho aim thoy bave in view. “How few poople. if they had eufiicientacquaint- anco with tho nattro of the liman mind to eal- culato tho eufferives congeqnent on crime, would ever commit it] And how nccossary It muat bo to educato them Into Uhl acquaintance, and to disnipato thoignorance that veils tho future from their ylow.” A PAGE OF HISTOR’ Memontat! Benger Wirt—Jese 17, RYO TD. 16, aper, Boston : James it, Osgood & Co, Tho centennial annivereary of tho battlo of Bunker Will is appropriataly commemoratod by the publication of 4 history of tho entire affalr. A pootical version of tho event is furnishod by Oliver Wencotl Holmes, and the prose narrative ig written by James M. Bugtes. Copious en- gravings ombellish tho tetter-press, and in all respocts the neat little brochure ia acrodit to the pablishors, rs A SUMMER IN NORWAY, ‘ During next wook, Jansen & McClurg will issuc a handeomo volume, entitled “A Summer in Norway,” by the Hon, Johu Dean Caton, ex-Chief-Justico of Mlinots, Tho book contalne tho alghte and scenes of a trip to Norway, aover- Ing tho summer-months of 1874, Judge Caton is en observing man and 8 voterap travolor, But few things worthy of recing oscape him, Ho reachodl Norway, and jaurnoyed on thocoaut and in the northern part of tho country, in that romatkable season when the sun romaina abuyo tue horizon, and there is no slindo to diatingualy night from day. Ho gives many iutoresting his- torical sketches, and x varinty of social picturca; doucribos tho Laplandorsand ther povuliar liven: givos a skillful description of the red deer of the country; and gonoraily maker 8 most entortain- ing volumo concerning a people and a country of whom gauerally go little is known in this country, BOOKS RECEIVED, Tie Mrstent ov Dang Hottow, Eulted by Sra, Esa D. 5, N, Souriwonti, Lamoy pp. “dit Philadelphia J, B. Lipplneutt & Co, ParsrNt, AND Furonr? A Pors, In Threo w, Hy ALONZO D, CADWALLADER, Uhno, PP, fet Halamazoo, Atich, ¢ Printed by Kalaiunzo Publishing Company, Price, 1,7: Epewa: AN [rata Tans, Dy LN, Cours, Author of # Atherstone Priory.” tinio,, pp. 33%. Boston: Fates & Laurlat, Priog, 75 cen! Ong SumMEn, Aquare limo, pp, 24, Boston: Jamen It, Osyood & Co, Stowa: A Bron, By “ Oulda, more," rte, ete, 3/mo., pp. B, Lippincott & Co, rice, Hatr-loun Rxcneations in Natcrat ierony, Tart 8, Inskota or titz Fonest. By A. 8, Vacke anv, JB, Author of “Our Oommon Ineccls," ote, Paper, Boston: Estes & Lauriat, 23 cents, Haty-Hour Reonxatioxs i ScisNox, No. 16. Tur Ick-Aok In Bntrain, By Prof, Gruusk, Paper, Boston: Patca & Laurtat, “25 cent, Wrarate. By Mrs, Titostas Ensxree, Author of “Marjory.” 1tmo,, pp, 3a, New York: Henry Holt & Co, Ocn Murvan Farmnp, By Cannes Droxexs, With Fifty-eight Ilustrationn by J. Manoxex, Sqnaro ” Author of “ Strath- Palladelphia : J, Hvou Di Odd. New Xork: Marpor & Brothers, Price, $1,50, Buvengsnn’s Keres, axp Oren Stones, Mise TiackEnay, Pap New York: Harper & Droth- era. Price, 73 conte, Brnetron. By Hexar Rorcatry, Author of “Riyens- lice,” ate, With Illustration, Papor, Boatou : Estos & Lauriat, Price, 75 conta, : Garratniox; oo, Tite Vere Witnprawy, By Mad- ame Agotstus Cuaven, Author of “1A Slater's Story etc, Vapor, Boeton: Estes & Laurlat, 75 centa, ° PERIODICALS RECEIVED: Harper's Magazine for July (Warper & Bros., New York). Contoutn: Newburyport and Its Nelzbborhood,". by Harriet Prescott Spofford ; “Phantoms,” by ‘I, B. Aldrich: ‘A Glanco at tho Inland .of Lewis," by William Black; “Whero?” by »F5 " Caraturo in tho Ravo- Intionary Period,” by James Tarion ;, * Fiqm the Spanish of Calderon,” by Helen 8, Co- nant: “Wanderings in Brittany,” by 8. G OW. Benjamin; ‘bo Btory: of oo Trombone,” by Bre. Frank — MoCarthy ; " Echoes of Bunker Hill,” by the Rav, Banucl Oaguod, D.D, ty “Tho Sentinel," by Nelly M, liutchinson; * Tho Stone Ayo in Europo. 1V. Tho Troglodytes" (Continued), by Prof, Charles Rau; ' Garth,” by Julian Hawthorno; “ High- oat,” by Faonio 2B. Robinson; ‘fhe First Century of the Republic (Ninth Papor)—Cam- mercial Dovelopment," by Edward Atkinson ; “A Pulaco of Cobweb,” by Virginia W. John- L Angel” (Conclusion), by Miss vi, “The Wit aud Wisdom of tho Dartions,” by Johu Bigolaw, Gatazy for July (Sheldon & Co,, Now York). Contents: ‘Doar Lady Disdain," Chaptora XVL, XVIL, and XVII, by Justin McCarthy ; “From a Convent,” by Nora Perry; “ Aloxan- dro Dumas,” by Albert Rhodew; “A Nomom- bered Critic," by Alico M. Wolliugton ; ‘Can tho Trip to Eurnpo Bo Shortened 2” by Abner W.Cul- Rato; ‘My: esparioncen: by Theodora Gift vA ‘Napolesnie egond,”” by Grenvilla Murray ; “English Lecturers fu Amorica," by W.C, Brow- nell; ‘A Nuptlal Sonnet,” by Mary B, Dodge ; » A, Wonen of Taehiou,” Chaptora » AXVIIE, and XXIX., by Bra, Annio Edwarda;_ "On Somo Pictures Lately Exhib- ted,” by Honry James, Sr.‘ Bunker Si," by Lannco Poyntz; “ Tarrot Wheozora,” by fichard Grant White, Wide Awake, No.1 (D. Lathrop & Ca,, Nos. ton), This is auew juvonilo magazine edited by Mies‘Ella Iarman. It ia very nicely illus- trated, and among the contributora to tha first numbor aro Loniso Chandlor Moulton, Dr. 1. ‘Yourjoo, Georga MscDonald, Maa Jutia A. Eout man, and othor well-known writors, Potter's American Afonthly for Juno (John E. Pottor & Co., Philadelphia), American Law Register for June (D. B. Oan- Dold & Co,, Philadelphia), Chicago Teacher for Juno (John W, Brown, Cuwaga), SONNETS FROM OVER THE SEA. ANGLISIC DONDER. An sinks the aun bebind yon allay hilts, Whose heather-purplod slopes, in glory rolled, ¥Fiuah all my thouguts with momentary gold, What pang of vagus rogrot iny fauvy trite | Here ‘us encbanted ground tho poasant Ulls Where the eby ballad dared Its bloonm untuld, And memosy's glamour takes now slglie seoin old, Ae when our Ilfa some vanished dream fulllle ¢ Yet not to thoe belongs theso painlces toara, Yaund loved ete ancu ribefore my darkened 6ye6, Frotn far beyond tho waters sud the Nortzone mute that walt thelr poct #1 ‘The stream before mo fades und diay And in the Charles tho Weatern aplonuor dice, ON DEING ASKED FOR AN AUTOGUAPH IN VENIOX. Atnid these fragracnta of herots days, When thought wet deod with mutual passton's leap, There sita s Fatne whose sllect trump makes choap What short-lived rumor of oursclves wo raise; ‘They bad far other eatimate of prat Who atamped the algnot of their soula s0 deep Tn art aud action, and whoao memorics keep. ‘Their belght like atars abova our caluty ways t In this gravo presence to record my name Honething within mo hangs the Load aud shrinks; Dull were the soul without some Joy In faut Yet here to claim remeibrance wero, mot! 1 Like him who, in the desert’s awful frame, Notches his cackney initials on the Sphynt, —Vaniea Russell Lovell tn the Juty Atlantic. ia dl As How Marbies Are Made, ‘Tha chisf place of tho manufacture of marbles —thowe little pieces of atone whichcontribute so largely to tho enjaymont of boya—ia at Oboratein, on tha Nahe, in Germany, whore tuoro are largo agate mills and quarriow, tho rofuso of which 4a turnod to good paying account by being mace into emall balls, eiployod by experts to knuckle with, and are mostly sont tothe American mar- ket, ‘Pho substauco used In Saxony ia a hard, calearcous stone, which fa fra; broken into blocks, nearly square, by blows with a hammer. ‘These are thrown by the handred or two into a small sort of azill, whichis formed of « fat, stationary slab of stone, with « number of eccan- tric furrows upon its face, A bloc of oak, or other hard wood, of tho diametrio size, 1 placed ovor the stonoy and partly restiog upon them, ‘The small block of wood ia Kove revolving. while water Hows upon the stouowlab, In about ft. teon minutes tho stones are turned into spheres, aud then, boing fit for sale, arolenceforth called marbles. Quo estsblishmont, with bot three mills, turns out 60,000 marblos each weok. —_——-—__—.. Improvement tn Anmaihatica, Dr. Richardson describes, tn the London Lan- cel, two interesting surgical cases, involving the wuccesstul employment of an aviwatbetic which peeesue pain without doatroying conuclousness, bus supplying a most important dovidoratuin in medical practice. ‘Ihe casesin question were two Speracious Performed by Dr, It. for the row moval of cancerous tamors uf tho broast, both pationta boing ladtes. A spray of common other wag directed upon the tumor until it wae thor- oughly chilled. A Hghter Quid, a cumpound of ether with hydride of aryl, apecitic gravity 0.720 degrees, was then spphed until the whole of the breast wau frozen like a snow-b: lo- atead of with a scalpel, the incisions and ro- moval wore effected by meang of small, wtroug, sharp, aud curved sclysors—the use of this lat~ tor wstruuent boing considered cusential to the Proper management of the can Dr, Michard- oun slates. that the operations .were ewocesaful aud tho Healing speedy, without discharge or trouble of auy klad, SPARKS OF SCIENCE. GIGANTIC BIRDS, ‘Tho American Musoum of Natural Ifletory, in Coutral Dark, New York, haa seanrod sight gigantlo akelotons of extinct spocion of birds 20- longing to the family Struthionide., Fivo of them repreeont as many differant apocios of the geuns Dinornis, aud at least one bolonga to the genus Palapteryz, ‘hoy wero obtained of Dr. Hanrt, tho Curaturof the musoum of Chriat Church, Now Zealand, and wero originally pro- cured in acavo ucar Moo Done Point, on that island, ‘Ihe bones of this raco of colossal birds havo beon known to the New Zealanders for many generations back, snd havo been indis- erlminately called by them bones of the moa, or Dig bird. ‘Dhoy ara found in recent doposita, in tho sands of tho sea-shoro, in swamps, in tho soil of forests, in river beds, and in caves. Bo- Ing of immenso size, they have beon nought with avidity Ly tho natives, and wrought into various articlos for uso in hunting, in fishing, and in domestic lifo, and hava thus boon nearly extorininated. Tho first of these hugo Lones over exhibited to anaturalist was shown to Frof, Owen in 1839. dt was tha bove of # log, and ho immodiately agsigned tho bird to which it belongad to ita tru piacoin tho system of Naturo. All additional facta concerning tho speciosa that havo been Rained Ly naturalista sinco Lave auetninad the obaractera that Prof, Owon ascribed to the bird whoso structure aud habits he described with o single bono for bis guide, &eienco named tho bird Dinornia (wondorful bird), A great num- ber of bones of tho Dinornia havo since been found, and sovoral diatinct speciow have been mado out. A sorics of complete aiolotous Lave alxo been discovorod, iucluding aight species, tha duplicatty of which are now in tho Amoiican Musaum, It fa supposed that xpocimons of the Dinornis continned to inhabit Now Zealand down to tho aavontcauth, if not te the vixkteontt, contury, whilo somo pelioya that oven yot living fndividuala may be found in tho romote wilds of tho ‘island, In 1816 tho son of Mr.. Montell, the dijtinguished En- ulish geologist, apont a considerable tima in tho interior of Now Zoalaud making oxtouvive ox- plorations in the region of tho mioa-bods, in tho hopo of finding a living bird. Me was, howoyor, agsurod by the nativos that the birds bad rocant- iy bocomo oxtluct, although a faw generations ago the New Zoalanders tad fed upon them. ‘Tho untivon deolara, from traditious banded down to thom, that the birda wore stuvid, fat, and indo- lent; thut they wore incapable of fying, and lived in forests and mountain fastnasaas, fading, ona vegetabio dict. With this allthe infereuces dedueod from tho bones by comparativo anato- mists porfoctly agree. ‘Tho bones ara in many instances found with coneidorabio animal matter, and evou with tho periosloutm progotved. In Romo doap orcara tions mado iu au ancient cli on tho weston shore of Now Zoalaud, noar Now Piymouth, a quantity of bones of tho Jargont size were ro- coutly biought to view. Among* them wero broken ogg-sholla and rings of tha traculm, In somo fragments of tho sholis the lining mom- Lrang still romaivod, Some of the bones that havo boon found aro twico tue siz of those of the ostrich, ‘Tha lage of tho Dinarnis giqan teus aro like thogo of tho largeat ox, while the sprosd of tha toca fa about 18 Inches by 16, ‘Lho bones of all thone birds aro filled with tuar- row Iuutoad of bolvg hollow, as iv birds calcu- Inted for flight, Tho cranium is very small in compariaana with the cuormoua bulk of the body, and is roptilo-lka iu tho occipital reglou. Ono Peclezon io tho Aimorican Musoum as Ly foot in eight. ‘ ‘Tuo natives of Now Zealaud asgort that tho moas woro deckad with gaudy plumago, aud that tuo great men among their ancostora were in the habit of weanng tho heavy, brilliant plumos of tho bird av ornnmente for tho hoad, ‘Luo Ap- teryz, w gouus of birda aiod to the moas, fa atill anutive of New Zealand, Jt ia about tha size of a goose, and is wingloes, Ite bill ts very long ‘aud wiendor, and the bird makes @ remarkable use of itin supporting itself whon it roata. It iso nocturnal bird, aud proys on aunild, insocts, otc. Tho natives oall it Aici-ktvi, and prizo it highly for ita feathera, Tho specimons of tho Aptoryx lu tho Zoological Gardens, London, aro fed upon miucod mutton and worms, of which cach bird consumes about half a pound daily. - KERQUCLEN'S ISLAND, « A aocondary yot important object that tho va- vous ‘Transit oxpeditions wera commissioned to focomplish was tho oxploration of unknown roe Glons visited, avd tho collection of now facts in whysical geography, metoorology, natural his tory, ete, One of the English parties sent out oatablisbod 9 station at Korguelon’a Iuiand, a desolate, uninbaLited spot in tho southern gong, seldom yiuited, and in uiany reapects a terra ine cognita, Tho firat report returned from tho naturalit attached to tha- oxpedition was rond beforo tho Ioyal Booioty at a late meeting. Tho English station was on Royal Sound, whilo the Germans had a station at Botsy Love, and tho Amoricans at Molloy Poiut, ‘Lho Eugliah roport statos that tho climate at Royal Sound is muob more mild and dry than waw annposed, but high winds soem perpetually to provail, As the climate proves to bo more hospitable than was oxpected, 0 tho vegotation is mora varied and fuxuriant, Tho plants aro notin flowor all tho year, but probably some species continue blossoming until Jato’ in tho winter, Bomoe few unecies of mammals havo been intro- duced into the island, such as mice, rabbits, and koate,. -Forty-two apecioa of birds frequent Hoyal Island, viz. 8 chionis, a cormorant, a teal, atern, agull, a skus, oleven (porkapa twolvo) octrols, tio albatroasos, aud threo (pore aps four) penguins. At the dato of tho report two spocics of weala have been captured,—tho sea toopard and the Viatyrbiro seal, ‘Sho onto- mology of tho island {a excoodiogly lntoroating, Mout of tho larger {usceta aeom to bo incapable Of tight, Repreeotatives of the ordora Lopi- doptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, and Colembola, have beon found. A land avail abounds amour the hills, sudo groip was obsorved in an ox- Posed placa assombled for warmth under tho drip of an iolcle, ANTARCTIO (CEBERGS, Tho iceberga in the Soothera seas are groatly {inferior to thone of the Northern cooan in fan- taatlo, plctureaque beauty. The tomporature of the Southern Ocean through which tho icebergs drift ia bolow tho froazing point of fresh water, and thorefore doss not molt the ice, It is only after thoy havo traveled a conaidorablo dlatanco northward that the aquaro, tablo-top abape they had when first broken from tho glacior {a modi- fied. As the berg moves from tho polar goa it outors a Iotitude whose beat haa power to warm meroly the surface water, ‘Thia cata a little way Into the berg ata point Just above tho soa levol, croatiag # chanvol entiroly ciraling the berg. Ag tho latter moves nortuward into. still warmer watera this channel ia enlarged into deep hol- ows and caverns, until the waves, jug in and around, ate ablo to break off lar; massou, This altora tho centro of gravity and tho borg topploa over, eithor forming a sinooth slope or » prolonged tongue or apire, Butuone of that yarioty of shape which constitutes the groat charm of tho northeru fcoberg ia ever created, Tho portions that break from the borg called calves, and aro far more dangorous to Yeusels than the main body from which thoy aro detached, The berg roflocte a light that reidera it vimblo at a short distance on the darkest night; but the calvos, although they may woigh soveral tons, Five out no light, and benoe afford no warning of their perilous vicinago, MUSHROOM CAVES, ‘Tho famous mushroom caves of Paris are, in reality, desertoa stone quarries in the suburby of theolty. Thoy are entorod by shafie, and cousist of a sories of dark, low, long corridors, ‘Thele Moora aro coyorod with Jong ues of nar- row beds, mada of s rich compost of earth and horeo-manure, Tho paths botwoon tho bede are kopt scrupulously clean, and the mushroome are carofully cultured. Que of these cayes at Mon- trouga, Just outwido tho fortifoatious of Parle, contains 7 mites af beds and yloidy an average of 300 pounds of mauabrgome. daily, Near Yropillon, au hour's ride from Paris, there ig anothor clase of caves or old quarrios, thst have a lofty intorlor, with somethiug of the axpect of a vast cathedral. In 1867 ona of these caved had a run of 21 miles of musbroum-bods. During that samo your ovor 3,000 pounds of mushrooms wore daily seutto Paris from ¥re- piilon, Tho.crops vary sccording to cartain at tuosphorio aud other conditions, and at intervals tho great quarries refuse to yield a profitable crop, They aro then thorouglily cleansed, the very soil baing scraped out, aud aro Jefe to bi fallow for & year or two, "| A NEW SEA OF SAHARA, ‘The plan of cuttiog s canal through the high ground on the weet coast of Africa, and allowing be Atlantlé to pour into the great basin of the Sahara Devers, thua changing it into an inland soa, {a eoriouly dlecussed among tha savanta of H Europe. Undorbtedty the effect of thia change would bo benoficial to Africa, but the queation in rained as to (ho initusnca It would lave upon Southorn Europe. ‘The svors on the mountain heights north of tha Movlitorrannan aro greatly Affected by tho warm winds blowing fiom Africa. When these are continued, tho glaciers ratreat up thoir valloya and tho altitude of the. now Iino {4 bighor than unnal. {vom thie fret, it has boon sugested that the glacier period in Southern Europe occurred at the time when tho Hohara was aniniand asa, It this deduetisn bo correct, tho ro-erention of n Aeain tho Aahara will got a train of forcesat work that will havé amarkod and injurious effect upon Europe. Ont othe hot south winds and (ho perpetual Snow oes muak bo increased in tho noithorn continent, * HETEROPLASTY. Of lato yearn ono of the most {mportant anid useful operations in surgery ling boon that of grafting now and healthy skin upon a wound or sore and thus etablishing tho healing process and obtaining acicatrization, Hithorto tho par- ticles of skin havo bron taken from nome sound part of tho pationt’s body and appiiad to tho dis- onged or injured point, but M. Anger bas ro- contly demonstrated that ploces of akin may bo takon from amputated limba and ward succcas- fully in hotoroplasty. Jn ono case M. Anger took strips af #kin from Hie \almer eittaco of an amputated fngor and applied them to the ulcer- Ated leg of another parson. In threo daya the Daudages wore removal and tho grafted’ parte found firmly united to tho aurfacn and ovidontly vascularized, ‘I'o insure success it ig wocensary Pia tho gratt ba mado imucdiately upon ampu- jon, ‘THE ICHNEUMON, Tho Ichnoumon {s colebrated ns tho dentroyer of sorponts and other noxious reptilos. and wan- dorful tories have Leon told of its power to re- alt the poison of tho most venomous snakos. Tecent oxporimonts performed by Dr, Francesco Gasco and Sly. Paoto Pancier! Lave shown that the animal will sustain the bite of the Echis (vipor), tho Corastes (Loried vipor), and oven the droadad, Naja (cobra), with little or_no tn- convenience, {tia possible to kill the Ichnou- mon, however, be tho subcutaneous injection of alargo ‘quantity the poison of tho Naja. Six drops of the propared poluon, s anflicient amount to kill two horace, wero infected without pro- duciug any permanent injury. On tho other fiand the Tehnaumon is very Bonnitive to the bite of tho grout Egyptian apidor, Afyyale avicularia, which ta in gonzo casos fatal to maa, PIRATICAL PLANTS, Notwithatanding the admitted fact that bits of moat, insccta, and other animal substances aro more quickly decomposed in tho loaves and otber trap-liko appendages of tho pitcher-plants, aundawa, and various insect-oating plants, than they are In the opon air, thoro is a body of aclontluta who deny that the plants thomsetvea havo any agoncy in tho matter, or oxerclse any vital power in capturing the proy that falls into thoir nota. Dr, Morstedt is one of these skep- ties, Io adopts tho tdoa that tho decomposition of tho imprisoned insect {¢ awing to chemical action simply, and that the offect 1a produced in nonrly the samo way thats porson may bo pale souod by contact with a polvonotis plant, FAMILIAR TALK, GIRTON COLLEGE, England los but ono collegiate institution whore women can obtain au education analo- gous to that afforded at hor great universities. It was inaugurated In 1969, principally through tho Indofatigable exertlona of two benevolont woman, Madam Bodichon and Misa Emily Davios. By tho aid of liboral co-oporators, thozo ladles oponed a tomporary college on tho plan of tho present inatitution, at Hitchlo, mid- way botivoon Cambridge and London. For four Years the colloge was sustained at this placo, the cost of the oxporimont being met by privato Venofactions, Madam Bodichon horself hoaded tho subscription tat with a donation of £1,000. Tha inconvenience of tho location occasionad extraordinary expanses, still the rocoipta of the fourth year nearly coverod thom, showing thnt with sultablo arrangomants tho College would readily bocomo solf-pupporting, C Accordingly it was resolved to romovo tho fa- atitution to tho neighborhood of Cambridge, and to oroct a building for ita accommodation, Six- teen acros of laud wero purchased in tho Pariah of Girton, at a cost of £1,024, and s handsome edifices bnilt thoreupon with spartmonts for twouty-ono atudonts, bosidos Jeoture-roomu, Rining-Lall, ote. Tho complotea building will form a quadrangto, but as yot ovly two eides are ‘injshed. As moro rooma ‘aro neodod, it ia the intontion to carry out the full plan of tha atrie- ture, ‘Tho totat outlay at Girton for site, im- paaventons of grounda, pulldiog, furniture, eto,, has roached £14,700, ‘I'he proliminary expanses at Hitchin woro £3,500, which amount brings the ontira expenditure to a little lose than £13,000, ‘This sum haa, tho groator part of it, boen ob- tained throngh contclbution, yotadabt of £5,000 stilt romaing to bo tquidated. ‘I'he rocelpta of tho institution balunco ita current oxpansas, ‘{ho College openad at Hitchin, in Octobor, 1869, with wx students. During tho Inst ooa- demic yoar thera wera twonty wtudunta in resi- donco,” Pupils are not admitted into the Colloge undor tha ago of 18, and thoy are roquirod to ro- Bide in tho building, wherothoy are provided with soparate rooms for atudy, ‘Tho College course extenda over threg years, The acudomic yoor ip divided into threo terms, cach of which laste oight weoks, Blichaotmas tormbogins about tho midille of October; Lent term, about the end of Javuary ; and Esater torm, fn the month of April. ‘Yho oxpenses of each pupil foro siwelo torm are £95, or, 300 guineas for the entire course. ‘Tho instruction {y forthe moet part given by profeseors aud tutora cunnacted with Cambridgo Univeruty, aod ia of tho highost order. Pupils aro roquired to pass an outranco oxam{nation, henco no olomontary toaching ia necoauary, ‘Cho diplomas given atthe ond of tho course, ol- though not formally, are really equivalant to univoruity dogreos, aud practically anawor tho samo purpoxe, . Tho atudents of Girton Collogo are not obliged to paws mw uulversity examination or to atrivo for adiploma, If any choose not to dogo, thoy aro allowed to pursue such studies ay they snloct from those iucluded in the curriculum, and their attainments arc tosted onch year by an oxamiua- tion, Since the tirut year thore Lave beon ono or more pupils in the college utudying without rot erence to the university examination, ‘Tho In- atructlon afforded in tho college goas by the name of loctures, but these ara given to vorv amall Olagsox, and tho listenors ara -encourayod to auk a8 woll ad Lo guutwor questions. In soma subjects, expecially mathomatica, tha teaching iu toa great extent individual, ft {3 owing to this poculiar foaturo of its system of instruction that educa- tion at Girton ia wo expensive, Varioty of aub- Jocta, pmall clagues, aud individual teaching necessarily involve great expenditure of tuno, and consequently of money, ‘Lhe dally routine of the college is as follows: Breakfast from 8 ta 0 o'ctook, luncheon from 12 toSp,m, and diuner at p.m. Tha college gates aro cloved in wintor at Up. m., andin aun mor at dusk, A good deal of liberty is allowed the students in tha way of exercive, amusomont, and socisty, A Landsonme gyinnavium bas becn eracted for. their tse, and a room provided for dancing sod other diversions, Although tha grounds about Girton Collage and tho building itwolf lack tho beauty that ago can givo, they yat have the charm of choertul- now and of artiatio testo. ‘Cho corridors of tha coliogo ara spacious, tho lecture-rdumy are Pleasant, aud tho dining-hall, laboratory, and 4Ymunaium aro of noble dimensions, ‘The cure sidors and puvlic rooms are carpotod and cure talnod with deop blue, aud tho paneling is stamed a rich brown. The rcome of the stu- donta aro moditied by the taato of the ocoupanty and rangoturongh all dogresa and phases of elegance and attractiveness, Among tha band- gone gifts that ald in the adornmout of the col. lege none is mora {ntoresting than the colored ebony bookcnss containing the bequess of Mra, Somerville, viz., ber mathematioal Ilbrary, ‘The books forming the Ubrary of tho coils mauy of thom gifts from genorous donon not inclosed in a slugle apartmant, but are as- worted, fortho aake of greator convenience, in tho roons whero thoy are moat nooded. = it strikes the Amorican reader as extraordinary that the singlo college for womon in Englund whould after seven yaara’ existences hava leus than two dozen students, notwithytanding tho adwmirablo manuor ja which it la condusted. Bus the syaton of instruction for Englishwomen ty very ditferent from that by whlah Amorican women afé educated, Girls of the upper and miiddlo classes in Great Britsin ara moutly taught athomo by tutors and governcewes, mid there must bea considerable clunge in public senti- ment before colleges for woaten in which oduca- ton is ao coatly aw to limit lt to tue wealthy will be largely patronized. THE FIRST AMERIOAN ROYALIST. Potler's American Afonthly relates the roman- tlo history of the earliost sclon of royally whd found refugo In Amerlos from tho sorrow and tho Princess Charlotto, peril of n lofty state, Tho atory wer originally Published in Bosau'a “Travels in Nurtt Awor. tea" (1778), and wos ploked up by the autor While sojourning In Now Osloana. Tn Nu, Charlotte Lonina, tho youngest dauahter of tho Duko of Brunawick, waa martiod to Alexig Petrowitz, eon of Votor the Grant and telr of the Ruesian Empire, Sho waa fiom hor Uriday hour tho victim of hor husband's anyngo temper, and was frequentlyin bia most violont baroxysing of rage, consoquent upon intoxicallan, eubfactod to personal violonco, Ono day when the royat Pair happened to bo unattended, tho Prince tell into ono of yis wouted fits of pansion, during which ho atruck tho Frincoss to tio floor, and thon, parsing out, mounted his horse and rodo of to his summoe palace, Moantimo the Princors ‘san tondorly cared for, but aa tho reanlt of her exceselve agitation alo waa promaturoly. brought to Iabor and dolivored of 8 stifl-born infant, Her lifo was doapaired of, but a strong consil. tation insured in tho ond hor recovery. Among tho Princess’ attendants wag. tho fa. mons Countess Konigsmark, formorly tho mia tress of Augostus IL., of Poland, and tho mothor of tho distinguished Marahat Saxo.’ Thia Indy deeply sympathized with the unhappy Princes, and, wishing to rescue hor from her wretched fato, poranaded hor to freo herself from tha Vrince, In order to accomplieh this word wae sout to tho fatter that bis wife had guddenly died fo chitd-birth, Tho brutal husband returned the command that she should linvo an Immediata and private burial, ‘Chia order was moet fayore ‘blo to tho plot of tho Countess, who attporine tended a mook funeral, at’ which none’ of tha threo or four witnesaea prosont diacovorod that a log of wood iuetosd of the Princosa occupied tho coflin, Tho night following tho funeral, tho Princess set of for Paris, accompanied by two faithful German sorvants, a man and woman, and carry. ing with her a goodly amount of gold and silver, Yrom Varia, suo ombarked for tha French culo: uy at New Orleaua. Not long after ber ar- fival, eho was rocognizel by tho Chovalior aAubsut, who had ween her in tho etrooty of i, Poterabirg, Hunpecting the causo of tho oxilo, ho mautatned 9 discroct rilanca, bit, making o Cciend of the Pincoss’ man-servant, ho wad ro- warded with tha listory of lor esd xporionuco, without maxing limeolf known to tho Wrincoss, ‘The Chevalier orfored hor hls taoaue and gor vices, which were gladly accopted. A plantation naa opeuad by the exites, and with the Cheva- lr'e bolp wag managed successfully, At lost tho faithful old man-rorvant died, aud thon tho Chevalior doclared his Identity. “Aw be waa an amiable gentioman, and from 8 good Ardonnes famuly, in duo tlio be gained tho Princous’ af- fection and bocamo ber husvand, A child waa born to tho loving couplo, and for fifteon yeais tholr happinoes was uualtoyed: ‘tho Chovalior was at tho ond of this time afllicted with disease which roquiielt tho treatment of akillfai physicians, and it was determined to aol the plantation aud yo to Paris. While thero Madawo d'Aubant was ono day walking with Ler daughior in o publis garden when sto waa recognized by Marshal Saxo, who saluted hor aa Tuo lady prevallod upon bus to preserva hor gooret for three months, Moauw bile the Chovalior recovered from hia Winoas, and tho day before the seal of secrcoy seas removed from tho lips of Marahal Saxo, the d’Aubant famlly sailed for tho Isle of France, over which the Chevallor had beon appointed Governor of tho East Inuia Company, On thelr doparturo Marabal Saxe revealed the facts io the caga to tho King of France, who im- modlately communicated them to tho Queon of Hungary, an oldor sister of Madam d'Aubant- ‘Tho Queen immediately sent a iottor to ber Jong-mourned relative catroating o visit from hor, Madamod'Aubant replied with corroupond- ip R Sfcetlon, but declarod thet nothing would Indio lor to reasaume royalty or to give up hor luusband and ‘child, Bar tho Chovalior ween aftor foll » viotim to the climate of tho Tele of Franco, aud Madame d'Aubaut returned to tho Continout, dually sottling at Brussols, where sho anjoyed a povsion of 10,00 florina from tha House of Brinawisk, and conaccrated hor re- maining years to deeds of picty and benoyo- louce, te ODD INDUSTRIES, ; Ono of tho myrind singular induatrica pursued by the ingenious Parisians ia that of fattening Snails for the market. That tho demand for this article of diet ta large fa proved by tho fact that Aeroaf number of poraons Mud profitable em- ployrfent in furnishing an adequate supply. Mout snallbreoders who carry on thoir buginoss outeido ‘tho barricra" of Paris fatton tho mol- Juscs In tanks, but somo profer to keop tho oros- turesin tho opan air, Tho praserya in which snails aro fed ta divided Into eight or ten gop- erate inclosuros, cach of which {3 surrounded by aling of sawdust 4 inchoa broad, aud freslly laid each morning, This stmplo hodgo fa an of- fectuat barrier to tho pasuage of any Lelix tompted to indutge vagabond propensities aud stray beyond tho boundaries of its allotted pro- cincts, Each daily consignment of nails Isdoposited {n ono of tho parks or inclogures, and loft to faut for forty-oight hours, After thia thoy aro re+ morod to another park, whero thoy aro provided with an abundanco of foail, consisting of cab- baxes, lettuco, ondives, thymo, and vino loaves, Puritled by thoir prolongod faat, the snails ont with voracity, and in alght or ten days are fat enough to satlafy tho oyo and taato of Parisian epicure, ho tax upon fattod suaila ix yory emall, butitia estimated that, wera tho lovy to bo raised to ono-quatter of that wet upon oys- ford, and fifty snails to be counted as worth ono dozon bivalves, the revenue annually arising from thoir cousumption in Paris wouid amount to 200,090 fraucs, It Is etated that a dict of ensils reducesa man's flesh until ho becomes 8 mero skelaton. ‘Tho edible wnailof tha Gold Const hoa a ehell 3 inchos long by 2inches deep, From this he ftattndes 8 pair of tentacles 4 iuchos in length, Theao tentacles aro tho choico part of tho animal, aud aro served whulo in that savory compound callod snail soup. Shrimp-tishing is algo an extensive Industry in Franco, and is Jnoatly puraued by women, ‘Tho shrimps sro plentiful on sandy shores, and tho fakora wade kueo-deep into tho sea, pushing bo- fore them a net (nthe form of a wide-mouthed bay sewed around a hoop and fnatoned to the oud of p polo by nioaus of a crous-pleca, A bog {led around tho walst recoives the suimala sa thoy aro caught, In winter the shrimp retiree to dooper water, and ig there capturod Sn note drawn by boats, ‘hose nota are now made of galvauizod wire, which rosists the action of tho water, and is a groat improvemonue upon twine, Bhrimps uro somotimes loft by the rothring tido in sandy poota, and when alarmed will bury themselvou in tho sand by adexteroug movement of thoir fau-like tall, fosding, they grasp thelr pray by the short rako-like appendages ba- tneon tho class proper and tho tall, and pase it along up to tho claws, and wo on to the mouth, Tho cholco botwoen shrimps and anais es food ja & mero mattor of taste. Many persons who artake of the ono yoject the other with loathe ing, but thora seo {act uo reason why both are not aW cleauly and wholesome as tho oyster. EXTENSIVE ENTERPRISE, Tt{aenld that the Harper Biothora have pub- Nshed, within tho interval betwoen 1817 and 1874, 2,820 works, 1,835 of which wore original and 1,485 reprints, ——_—_.—___. IDENTITY. Bomomhero—tn desolate, wind-ewent In Twlight-taad, 10, He rnanent enact Two boring. Shapes moet face to fi Aud bade cach other atand, : “ And who are you 1" erled one, agape, Shuddoring fu the gloaniny light, “1. do wot know," wald the aocond Shape “+ T only diod Last might 1” —T. 2B Aldrich, A —_—_ Euglish Railrond Accivents, Sprinofcld Mass.) Revubiwan, To England laut veut! 175 persous wera killed aud 4,403 wero injured by railroads, inoludiag, we preeumo, all tho employes and paaso}.gors, aud possibly some of the tramps on the track. ‘This ia pearly Aya tinics ae many asthe Kailroad Gazelle's Ogures charge ypoo the American rail> road service for the waule year; our mileage also du four times that of Euglaud, although the num- bor of mile run by tralue in nus wo dispropor- tlonate, The proportion of passenger killed in England iu 1847 was about 1 to 6,000,000, of the sanio ay in Magoaohusetts In 1873, but iu this Stato in 1874 only 1 pagsanyor was billed to 42,000,000 transported. Tho proportion in_this country has been stoadily diminiyting; io Eug- Jand it haw beon rising with frightiul rapldicy, In 1866 ouly 12 porsengers were ee lu 1868, 89; fu 1970, 615 yu 1474, G8. ‘Lig Indiostes thes tho Englivk raitroad apparatuy ia being pub foe straly which it can gtaud no longer with safety tothe public, Jui rolling sipck is cortainly interior jo Amozicay to stalility. The Engl: modo! sacrifices atrougth to lightuogs, aud le vers defective in nther respants,