Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 24, 1875, Page 4

4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATEN OF AUBSCRIPTION (PATANLE TN'ADVANCE). Postage Prepaid at this OMee. B1:3.00 | Weakly, ) i1 | Firs cobla “Tan coples. eat. T'arts of » year at the WANTED-~Une setivo agont in each town and vill Bpecisl arrangements mado,with sueh, Speoimen coples aent free. T prevant delay and mistakes, bs sure aud give Post. Office address in full, {ncluding State and County, Romittancesmay bamade efther by deaft, sxpress, Foste Ofcq order, ot in registored letters, at unr risk. * TEAMA TO CITY FUNICRIREDS. Daily, delicered, Sundar escented, 25 oents per woek. ered, Bunday included, 30 cants per meek. THR TRIBUNE COMPANY, Chlcago, M. Y . ACADRMY OF MUSIC—Halated streat, between Mad- son and Manroo Ingagemont of Johd A, Bteveas. " Robort of Woodleigh. HOOLPY'S THEATRE:. Clark sad Ladallo. Hiners ndolnh strest, betwesn finstrals, MWVICKER'B THRATRE-Madison strest, batwetn nfilnév?h-,m ‘Biate. Kngagement of Chafles Fope. * Macboth," ADELPHI THRATRE—Deatborn streot, cornar Mono ros. Variety Entertsiume ‘e Courfor of Lyons.* “BUSINESS NOTICES. NEAUTY'S BENRFACTOR-IT WOULD BR IDLE lfllgflcll(ilnlllfl honorof G, W, Laird, Bvery lady e him (o b ind’s eyo ' when unslng his famons o O e youtt, ' benatilo] cothe intnts of prrpotual yoath, i S eiarhar Fimo ananat deface, " Bald by all drusgists, The Chitags Tribune, Mondsy Morntng, Msy 24, 1875, Dr. Livpensan's obsorvations and examina- tions with reference to tho location of -a ‘Western mint will commence on tho 10th of next month, Chiengo, therefore, will not bo kept long in suspense, and tho roal-estate denlers shonld be getting their title-deeds in rendiness for the prompt conveynuce of the site to tho Government, so that there noed be no Qelny in erecting the building, A religious procession, p! g through tho sirects of the Belglan Capital yesterday, was attacked and dispersed by the populace, who, in turn, wero dispersed by the police with drawn swords, and ten of the rioters wero arrested, "fho cable dispateh mokes this bare nunouncement, giving no intimation as to the grounds of the attack, nor whother it was mndo by Ultrmmontanes upon a Protestant procession, Or vice rersa Advices from the Mexican border onco more indiente o serious and threatening phase of affairs in that troublesomo region. It is said there are woll-suthenticated reports to {ho effect that Contva, the famous bandit, 1ina organized n foreo of about 3,000 despern~ does, and that Lie intends a reid of murder and pillage farther foward the heart of Texns than {ho Mexican incorsions have hith- urty peneteated, Tho smount of damage such a foreo of maranders could inflict upon ponceful and unsrmed communities is somo- thing terriblo to contemplate, ‘and, as the Mexican Government secems powerless to pre- vent such outrages, and indeed has mani- fested no enpecial solicitude on tho subject, 1t Is likely that tho enforcement of Bummary and effective monsures will be compelled on the part of the United States, Our collection of gansshoppor liternture this morning will be found to embraco re- poris from tho.various strongholds of tho army of occupation. The farmors of Kansns take courage on account of a supposed chauga of 'hopper diet, the now-fledged in- sects seeming to havo contracted n taste for clover and wild grass in preferonce to whent, Then, ngain, sharp showers of rain and the brisk patter of hail.stones are observed to have o dopressing effect upon well-fod grass. boppers. Kansos Is a little sensitivo on this nuestion, and would like to Lave it under- stood that hor crop prospects aro far from hopeless. In gowma parts of Minnesota, Mis- souri, nnd Colorade, tha outlook i not wo satisfactory, though it is agroed that, in gon. eral, the devastation will bo far less than last year, Mr, O'Leany hins walked his 500 miles ip- side the limits nsaigned by him, aud bas beat~ eu tino some two or three hours, Itisre- corded in the narrativo of thoclosing hours of Lis walke that ho only had threo interrup. tions, 1Te wus first intorrupted with an ensy chair, then with a gold medal, nnd then with a purse containing $1,000. When tho medal was given him, tho people gave tuwultuous choers. When he lad finishod hig walk, the silly crowd wanted to carry him on their shoulders to his hotel, which the polico wouldn't allow. Wo havo no disposi- tion to deprecate Mr, O'Lzany’s font or foot, although wo fail to sce where the cui dono comes in, but it does seem a littlo inconsist~ ent that, whilo this pedestrian hins been walk- ing ond receiving his handsome rowards, thousands of people have been walking npon errands of meroy, and charity, and despair, traveling the hardest and most flinty roads, and have never been interrupted to receive oven a penny or a good wish, — Todian impudence broke out in a now spob in Washington yesterday.® Tho Chiefs wero quartered in the Tremont Houso nt Govern- ment oxpense, aud aa the guests of the Groat Father. But at thia paorticular hotel there wns no whisky to be had,—a fact which prob. sbly had not a little to v with the selection of the Bioux stopping-placo,—and the untu. tored red men grumbled thercat, demanding to bo tont to another hotel. It was politely suggested that a rogular ontfit of tents in the open alr would mect the requirements of the dissatisfied owners of real estato which tho Government deslres to purchase, ‘This proposition met with a scornful rofection, and yesterdsy Rep Orown, Srorren Tam, Brrroia Butz,and the rost, transferred tholr dyessing-cases and Ruratoga trunks to an- . other hotel, whero, it is presumed that cs- sentinl ingrediont of truo hospitality, gonu- ine rotgut, fs not lacking, ‘This step would seem to havo been precjpitated by the dis- covery that the Clilefa will be compolled to semain in Washington for some weeks, awaiting the arrival of Youxa-Max-Avzim- or-His-Honses, who has boen sent for, and without whoso presonce and nssent tho Black Hille cession cannot be negotiated. ‘The Chicago produce markets tended down. wards on Saturday, Mess pork wad less act. ivo and a sLiade ensler, closing at 820,55 for June and §20.80 for July. Lard was in mod- erate demand and closed weak at $14.80 per 100 s for June, und $18.05 for July, Meats were quist and easlor at 8jo for shoulders, 1140 for shoxt ribs, and 11jc for short clears. Highwines were in moderata demand and firm ¢ §1.17 per gallon. Lake frelghts were qui- ot and tamo at 8j¢ for corn to Buffalo, Flour was quiet and easler, Wheat waxs less sotive a0l 8} @3jo lowe, cloalng ab 08ie oash and | 99}c for Juns. Corn was 1jc lower, and closed weak at 67c eash_and €80 for June. Oats wore quiet and steadicr, closing st 6240 cash nnd 62{o for Juue. Ryo wns quict at £1.03@1.06. Barley was quict nnd firm ab £1.40 for May and $1.10 asked for Septom- Der. Iogs were fairly activo nnd steady, el ing nt $7.00@8.50 for poor to extra. Cattle were In good demand at firm rates. Sales of comnon to extra at $4.00@6.60, There wers no changes in tho sheep market, values bein( nominal at §3.60@5.60 for common to choice shorn, ¢ The Memphis A ppeal hins made the rogular correspondent of Tur Trinuxe, now travel- ing in the South, responsiblo for tho state- ment that *“The Democratio leaders are only waiting their opportunity to ostablish o Southern Confederncy.” 'The writer in the Appeal has ovidontly not rend tho letter to which he refers. It was published a8 coming from “a prominent Sonthern Ttepublican,” and apponred in our Washington dispatches, Ve at tho time disavowed any sympathy or respect for tho views expressed in the lotter, ‘Pue ‘Trimuxe's correspoudent in the South hod nothing to do with the letter. T ———— Manra Frepentoa AMELLA, the ex-Queon of Greece, whoso death was roported by enblo Qispatel o few doys ago, waa born Dec. 21, 1818, and was the eldest daughter of tho Grand Duke of Oldenburg and the Princess Aperame of Anhalt-Bernbourg, Sho mar- ried King Orno L. of Greeco, in 1836, a year and a balf after his accession to tho throne. She wns the superior of her husband in force and energy of character, and was very popiy Iar ot Athens, Notwithstanding her popu- Inrity, oo attempt was made in 1861, during the absenco of her husband in Bavaris, to tako her tifo, by o student named Doxicros, in which affair sho behaved with grent cooluess and conrngo. She quitted Athens in 1862, just before Otmo was dothroned, and re- turned to Munict, where she died. GEN. SHEBMAN AND THE TEEMS OF PEACE, Gen, Snepyay, in his personal memoirs just published, gives in detail his history of the famous convention made by him with the Ttobel Genorals, JoussToy and Breckivninar, preceding the surrender of the Rebel army. Lex had surrendered to Grasr in Virginia, and JouxsroN and SHERMAN wero nenr each other in North Carolina. The terms of that convention wero written, every word, by Gen, Suemux bimself, and they provided: . 1. A suspension of hostilitics in order to submit the agrecment for ratification. 2, Tho Confederato armiesto be disbanded, to bo conducted to their State Capitals, and their arms to boe thore deposited. 3. Tho recognition by the President of the TDnited States of the several State Govern- ments, including Legislatures. 4. Re-ostablishment of Federal Courta in the States, 6. The peopla of the States to bs gnaran. teed their political rights and frauchises, and rights of person and property as defined by Stato Constitutions. ‘This was signed on the 18th of April, 1865, and sent by a special messenger to Washing- ton,’ Four days had then elapsed since the nasassination of tho President. On the 24th, n rosponse was received from Weshington, disapproving the SuenMAN-JOINSTON ngroe- ment; on the 26th, a new agreement was made by which JomieTon surrendered his army to SHERMAN, In tho memoirs, Gen. Soznyan mokes no dofense of theso torma othor than that, after his arrival in North Caroling, he had taken stenmer up to Grant's headquorters, and on March 27 or 28 hod a long conversation with President Livcony, in which the latter ex. pressed a desire to closo the War without an- other great battle; and that at that interview ho understood the President to suthorize him to say that, in caso tho Rebel armies surron- dored, **in order to nvoid snarchy, the State Govermmnents then in existenco, with their civil functionarics, would be racognized by him as the Govern. ments de facto till Congress could provide othera.” Gen, Sumemyax embodied this underatanding in tho agreement with tho Rebol General. Admiral PonTen, who was presont at this Interview at Oity Point, sub. soquently confirmed substantinlly Gen. Saen. uaN's rocollection of tho conversation with Mr. LiicoLy, In the faco of this, we have given by Gen. SuemiaN Socretary Sranrox's dispatch of March 8, written by Mr, Lincory porsonally to Gen. Grant, forbidding him to have any conference with Lxe except on purely mili- tary matters, and instructing Gnant ‘‘not to decide, disouss, or confer upon any polit- ieal question,” ns the Presidont held such mattors in his own hand, and would not snb. mit them to military conferonces or com- ventions, Of the oxistencs of this instruc. tion Gen, Surnyax denies all knowledge un- til after his torms with Jomneron had been disapproved by the now President, who, ke | wea then informed, ngreed with Mr, Lnvooww, ‘We do not propose to make any personal complaint of Gon. SnezpyaN, nor to question his patriotism; we concede that o acted honostly, .3 ho understood his duty; but what wo think is peculiar is that he did not then seo that his torms would have boen de. plorabla for the country, and that in the ox. porience of the ten years that have passed ha does not now feel disposod as a patriot to ro- joico that his *‘terms™ wers rojectod. Buppose the Buenway-JouvaroN agresment had been adopted by tho Government, what would have been the neccssary and fnevitable consequonces? The President had issued hia Ewmnncipation Proclamation, but it had been practically inoporative, except within the lines of the Union army, Blavery had not in foet been abolished, At the date of this BuxmuaN-TounsToN agvee- ment the Thirteenth Amendment was pending, and required the ratification of sov- eral of the Confedorate States to give it validity, Four-fifths of tha nogroos were as practically in the possession and under the control of tholr owners as ever thoy had been, Under the Bmenaan.JonxsToN agroe. ment, the Rebel State Governments then ex. isting would have been rocogmized as the only Btate Governments in tho saveral Rebel Statoa; all the arma of the Rebe! army would have been deposited at the Btate Capitals, subject to the control of the Btate Govern. monts; and, under the sama agreement, the poople of the Rebel Btates would have been guaranteed in the possession of their ** prop. erty " as defined by State laws. loro, thon, this agroement, had it beon matifiod, would bave arrested all measures for the sholltion of slavery; would have re- qrired the cencurrence of the Rebel Legisla- tures to ratify the Thirteenth Amondment; would have guarantesd the Robels in the pos- seszion of thelr alave property, and given them a logal demand for money compensa- tlon for the slaves freed by the arny, Xiad tha sécedid Biates betn hus rastored THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, MAY 24, 1875, to their original political rights and privileges under the Constitution, thero would have been 80 ex-Rebol Senators and 120 ax-Robol Reproesentatives immediately olected to Con- gress; and theso with thoir Northern allies— ¢ Copporhends” of that day—would have such control of both branches of the Legis- Inture aa to prevent the passago of any one of tho soveral constitutional amondments. Not only would slavery not have been abol- ished, bnt ita continuance undor State Inws nnd Constitutions would have been * guaran. taed " aa ono of the terms of the surrender, and the Rebel States would have baon left in the posscssion of all their arms, both to keop tho slaves in subfection and to renew the War in caso the guarantee was violated. With & swall vote in Congress from the Northern Democrate, theso ex-Rebels would have been ablo tocoerce tho passnge of alaw making com- pensation for thelossof slaves who had beon released by our armies and had eseaped to tho North, Any schoms for tho emnncipation of the slaves would have been met by a demand for compensation, and, if slavery was nbol- ished at all, it would have been at a pecuni. sry cost equal to the whols of our national debt, Whon it {s romembered that Avonew Jomx. soy, standing slmost alono, with a small por- tion only in ench Houso of Congress, was able o prolong the contest and defeat recon- struction for several yoars, it can readily bo underatood how a Congress in tho control of tho ex-Ttebela and their political associates would have defeated all the mensures that have resulted from the War. It is not oxtravagant to assumo that no laws granting pensions to the Union troops would have passed which did not treat the soldiers of the “ two countries” equally; and that no per. sons would hnve beon compensated for prop. orty taken and damages caused by the War unless all persons on both sides were treated alike, Another and hardly less fatal consequence would have been tho recognition of that most dangorous of sll political heresies, the invio- Inbility of State sovereignty, Theso Rebel Statos claimed the sovereign right to secedo; and the SHERMAN-JomNsTON ngreement recog- nized the Governmonts which had coliectively and individually waged war sgainst the Union ns the sole and exclusive Stato Governments, which were instantaneously to bo restored to all their ante-bellum rights, privileges, and franchises as States of tho American Union. It is impossiblo to suppose that a pence cs- tablished upon the terms agreod upon by Gen. SueMax with Gens. JonssroN and BRECKIN- nooz would hove lasted a year, It wasprac. tically a surrondor of oll the results of the War to the Rebels; a restoration of a control of the Government to them, with slavery strengthened by the new guarantco aa ono of the couditions of penace. It is ta ba regretted that Gen. SuensuN, who spoaks of mon and ovents in tho most outspoken and eandid terms, did not, in giving the history of this important event of the War in which he was conspicuous, frankly admit, that however honestly and patriotically he ncted at the time, ho committed a grave political error,and that, in the light of the experienco of the lnst ten years, he rejoices that his agreement with JonxsroN snd Breoxmpinee was promptly repudiated by the Government. ,, THE JACRBON DEPALCATION, The sudden disappearnuco of tho Boston lnwyer, Anramast JacmsoN, and the subse- quent discovery of the financial doceptiona practiced by him, are not only of painful in- terest to tho victims whose confidence he has violated, but their influence will be very gen. erally felt in financial circles, and will cousea wido-sprend feeling of distrust. Dir, Jacrsox ‘wos an old and experionced lawyer, belonging to the best society of Boston. Up totho present time, hia charactor Lias beon unspot. ted. Ilewns ovorywhere noted as a conserva- tive, steady-going man, Investors of money songht his counsel. Iis porsonal charactor stood £0 high that ho was the trusted custo- dian of tho property of widows and orphans. In fact, as o guardian of trust property, both for private individuals and for corporations, ho stood sccond to no ome in the confidence of the Bostor community, o had never been a speculator, and his habits were such aa to preclude any possibility that ho was wasting money in extravagant living. And yeot this man, who enjoyed tho implicit confidence of commerciol and social circles in Boston, and even throughout New England, has been practicing o system of deceptions and frauds for years, and, throngh hia skill as n lawyer, has complotely evaded tho sus. picions of those who bad intrusted money to Lim, until a certain safe-manufactoring com- pany, of which e was Prosident, in winding up ita affairs, discovered n complote chain of frauds which ho had perpetrated. Mo did not oven ecruplo to nse bogus mortgsges to de- ceive thoso who had trusted him with their invostments. Ho has also sold stocks in- trusted to him yenrs ago, and removed all suspicion by paying the dividends rogularly to his clients, 'The Boston Advertiser nor- rates the following as one of his shrewd op- erations, in which he made one note answer the purpose of four: e held & gortgage note of $5,000, and, ax {s some- timea tho hers thers $8 50 question of ihs in- tegrity of the party, s bank will loan money upon the nats, the mortyageo holding the mortgage, as 1t wers, in trust, es worlgageo, he borrowad money upon a $5,000 note of this description, Very recently, (ho pariy holding tho note accidentally dlacovered that anotber party leld s nots for the ssmo amount, sscured by the ssme mortgage. A6 they compared notes, 1t waa impossitile to tell which waa the arigiual, and, while Jeaving the question open for sdjustinent, they heard that & bank on State atreat Lad » third note 1dentical in amount, and purporting o be given and secursd by the mortguge of {he sare property, Upon comparing the threo Dot ‘was thought that there was prima facls evidence that the note held by ths baok was the original, Ifere was fiftesn thousand doliare, ton of which was, of courss, not genuine, Dut the end was not yet, Tho geatleman who gave the note was called upon fo {dentify his siguature, when, to the matonishmont of the three part interest, he exhibited a recolpt slaned by ihe missing Inwysr, acknowledging the psyment of the mousy, With 8 promisa o return tbe note. We will not stop to disouss the motives which this man had in deliborately roversing the honorable record of a long and useful lifs, and ruining those who had trusted him, Lot the theologisns call it total depravity, and let us assume that there is in every man the pos. aibllity he cannot reslst a temptation under cartuin olroumstances, But this case fa not a singular one, although in its surroundings it is & pacaliarly bad one, both from the fact that widowas and orphans have suffsred from his duplicity, and becnuss an otherwiss hon. orable and usefyl life has been wrocked. Leaving the motives aside, the causes are not .| Qifboult to trace, They iuhere in the general decline and lapse of publio morals. The War administered the firat blow to publio morality, and left it in s bad a state of do- moralization sa the physical condition of the Bouth was, Then camo the terrible in- fluence of such dazzling trickstors as Fuax, who made fortunes by intrigue and sharp stratogem which oveslapped the line of hone esty, who reveled {n luxurious Jiving, and who sopkranily wese the enry of all Law foriusate men, Hundreda rushed in and emulated his pernicious oxample, and there was not moral forco enough to make s determined protest ngainat it An ern of frands, embezzlements, nnd dofalcations ot in, and the papoers wero burdened with ncconnts of erimes of all sorts, from the plundering of State Trensuriea to the robbery of banks and mercantilo houses, These crimes found new names and eame to bo catalogued aa irregularities. In tho ma. Jority of eases they involved no penalty. ‘U'weep was sont to o felon's cell, but ho was an exception. A murderer’s bullet did the work of tho law for Fisx ; but, as a rule, these criminals onjoyed inununity from punish. mont, Lnst came the pestiferous Bsecnxn trial, ovorflowing the conntry with o flood of corrnption, demoralizing youth, undermining social purity, and making peo- plo reckless and regardiess of honor. Against these combined influences peithor the Church nor any school of moralists have made nny successful resistanco. On tho olher hand, it is questionable whothior the Church itself has not suffored in the goneral lotting down of public pusity, These being the causes, ia there any remedy? Most certainly, Tho Law shioald take tho placo of tho Church, When cximes of this description meot withan adequats rotribution, when tho ponnlties of outraged justice aro administored to tho very limit of the law, they will censo, and not un- til thon. It makes no differonco what the previous lifo or charnoter of the offonder mny liave been, when his pnnishment comes sharply, swiftly, and terribly, then an exam. ple will have boen sot which will doter othars, BWINDLING WOMEN, The Working Women's Protective Union of Now York has published n statement of the policy pursued in that city by sewing- machino companies towards working women, whick deserves public attention and indigna- tion. It iz carried on so Lrutally and on such o Iarge scale that it must be @ ewindle of long standing, and is probably not confined to New York. If there woro a well-known organization hers like the' Protective Union, which received and acted ‘mpon compluints made by working women, instances of similar injustico wonld probably be detocted in unploasant number. Under the weckly-paymont system, the New York compnnies se]l sewing-machines to per- sons who promiss to pay small hebdomadal installmonts. The purclasers aro required to sign o longthy printed form, which they genorally do without reading it. This gross carslessness is tho causo of their misfor. tunes, but what is to bo said of the mon who deliborately take ndvantage of this feminino ignorance of business to prac- tico extortion upon a class utterly unablo to protect thomeselves? This printed form, which purports to be & bill of sale, is really only a lense of the machine, and one of its clauses empowers tho companies to instantly seizo tho machines upon any default in.any payment, and to declaro all the monoy al- rendy paid forfeited. This power is ma- liciously used. Within a week, fiftoon women whose machines had been reizod by ono com- pany complained to the Protective Union. Ong of thom had paid $63 of tho $66 origi- nally due, and had teadered the other $8 a day or two after it wes duo, An- other paid 9102 ont of $110. Her mnchine wes then sgoized. A friond paid the remoining §8, but tho company re- fused to give up tho machine unless $20 “interest * was handed it. A third case wos still worso than these. A sewing woman bought s machine, for which she was to pay $90, nnd which was to be kept in thorough ropair by the scllers daring a yoar. Beforo this tims had expired, she sont it to be put in order. She had already paid $84 When sho went to get it agnin, she handed over the remaining $6. Thensho wastold thatshomust poy $18 moro. When gho refused, the $6 were given back to her, and the' machine, with the $84 already paid, was doclared to ba forfeited. Tho Protective Union brought suit in one of those cases, and the corpora- tion sued transferred tho cpse to a court where it cannot be reached within a year, The companies concerned scom to bavo elevated swindling to a fine art. It is fortunate for thefr future hnppiness that thoy lave no souls, BTATISTICS ON PROTECTION. The facts upon which the scionco of politi- cnl economy rests are so innumerablo and ex- posed to 8o many opposing influences that it is not aiways easy to goneralizo from them with safaty., The figures given will some- timos lie, even when great caro _hue been taken. Honaoz Gnreerry was probably hon- est when he quoted tho statistica of the yield of wool in Ohio, and argued from tho great deorensa In the year after the duty on wool was lowercd that the repoal of & protective tariff would be a deadly blow to home industrics. But the foct that a destructive murrain killed a gront part of the sheep in Ohio in that particular year knocked Mr. Grezrry's argument end. ways. All statistics, however, ara not of this gort, A report of tho British Minister to Sweden, sont March 6, 1875, and recontly published by order of Parliament, contains a gories of facts which bear direotly upon s question of paramount importance to the Amorican public. Can a nation burdened with o protoctive tariff throw off the lond and adopt » rovomuo tarlf without seriously injuring or oven destroying its manufactur. iug industries? 7This quostion finds an an. swer in this despotch, which details the ex- perienca of Bwedon in doing just this thing. Until 1850, Swedon absolutely prohibited the importation of woolen fabrics, The doctrino of protection was thorefore carried to ita utmost extent. Tho aversge value of the Bwodish woolen manufactures at this time was—reck. oning the Arona at B0 cents, ourroncy— $2,445,000, In 1850 tho prohibition was ro. placed by a duty of 82 cents per pound, The home production then rose to $8,270,800. The duty was fixed ot 46 conts in 1858, and the sverage product for the next seven yoars was 88,208,700, Another reduction was made in 1805, when the annup! . product became §3,040,200, Fi. nally, in 1807, the wool duty wasfixed atabout 40 cents, From 18G9 to 1878, the average snnual product has been $,458,100,~larger, that is, then ever before. The argument that s high tariff on imports diminishes ex. ports is also verified by thla bit of Swedish bistory, From 1851 to 1865, whon the jmport of woolen fabrics wWas forbid. den,” the annoal export of thom was only 80,000, From 1869 to 1873, when the dutles were lowest oud some mill- jong of pounds of such fabrics wezo fmport. ed each year, the average exports wors worth €107,100, These figures ahow that Bwedon, by gradually reducing ber terid on wool to one tsamed simply forrevenus, bas increased, instesd of diminished, her own maritactures of thah artials, aid B expari of ih ‘Thad by tho fact that of woolen fabrics has the geveral, 'Thoy all tell tho same siory. after, grenat nation which clnaims, above all others, to reapect and aintain individual freedom should have to go to a litlo monarchy ncross the son in order to learn that freedom is the Lest policy. THE FUTURE OF LEGISLATURES, The Nation thinks that Btato Legislatures hiavo poesed their poriod of usefulness, and mny ero long be sbolished. 'This aweeping sentenco upon the fundamental iden of free institutions,~—the complete saverance of the exaocutive, judicial, and logislative powers,— is supported by the mongro argument that the citizens of Now York were vory glad to havo their Logislature adjourn sing die, and approved Gov. Tioex's policy of having commissions appointed to tako ovidence and prepars plans on all the moras important sub- jocta of legistativo action, instend of requiring such action at once without the taking of ovi- dence or thoe preparation of plans. ton npparently mokes the blundor of consid- ering that tho commission thua takes the place of the Legislature, and that & govern. went of commissions is the thing we need,— aview which flatly contradiots ano of the best articles that ever appeared in that journal, in which the radical faults of gov- croment by boards were pointed out. In truth, s board or commission is one of the worst executive machines in tho world, sinco it destroys individual responsibility for official actions, and fo furnishes a clonk for all sorts of rascality, No average board can bo safoly trusted to award a fat contract, But a8 an adjunct of the Legislature, ns an instrument for collecting facts, preparing re. ports and drafting laws, tho comumission is of the utmost valuo,’ legislative committee, becauso its term of oxistence is Jonger, it s ess apt to bo swayed by partisan™ considerations, usunlly have no other official duties to dis- tract thoir attontion, and it is selocted from the community at large instead of from o small body of men, The New York Legislature did o very wise thing in eroating the commissions for which Gov. nsked, bocause thoir work will serve nsits guide in future legislation, but it would have done o very foolish thing if it had clothed these commissions with independent legisla~ tivo or cxooutive power, the popular approval of its action any sign that the peoplo of New York think there is nothiog left for it to do. Thoe Na- It is superior toa its members TILDEN ‘Weo fail tosgein The futare of the American Legislature soems to be by nuo monns an insignifi. eant one. Let us take tho single State of Tlinois, nnd see what our Legislature will be called mpon to do within the next few years, Our wholo tax-system must bo radi- cnlly changed, and the cost of collection re- duced from moro than 20 to less than 2 por cent. A sound govings-bank law must be framed and passod. A now land-rogistry sys- tem, in place of cur cumbrovs and costly method, shonld be adopted. The powers, duties, and responsibilities of the differont cxccutive boards which mannge or mis- manoge our State inatitutions should be concentrated in should bo made universal, Hera aro five great meagures, each one of them fraught with moral, social, and political rosults of grave importance. They must be acted upon by our Legislature. The minor matters on which legialative action ig needed aro far too numerons to be named. But if these five waore all, the body cliarged with their enact. ment certainly should not be flippantly pooh. poohed out of existence, as the Nation would have it. indlviduals, Education OVERFED MINISTERS, The Olristian al Work has discovered a new causs which ig affecting the usefulness of ministers and it lomonts over it oxceod- ingly. Saysthe C.at W.: “What i moro dolicious for a miniater than to sccept an in- vitation t4 o parishioner's bouse and sit an hour or two in the evening at tho table with a colloction of pleasant people? But that io whot kills ministors, Hot waflles, fresh ‘blscnit, oysters, and cold tongue, at 7 o'clock in the evening, have given many a man of God dyspepsla, o dull brain, poor sermons, ghort pastorate, and an early decense.” 'The Ohristlan at Work 18 ot work in the right direction. Ordinary mortals can eat with salaty on Baturday nights, because they have nothing to do on Sundays. Even if they feol obliged to go to church, they do not feol obliged to kesp awake, if they have con- fidones in thoir pastor's theology, saud feel suro that ho will not sow taros whilo thoy gloep. With the minister, however, the cose js difforent. Tis work comos on Bunday, and it he appears in the pulpit tired, sleepy, dull, dizzy, and head-aching, his'week's toil is good for mothing and lost, It aggravates tho coase that ministers’ appotites are almost slways gencrous and nmple enough for any culinary emergency. It is natural they sbould be so. 'Tholr modo of lifo favors it. Noarly all poople of sedentary habits who have little exerclues aro chronically hungry, and show themselves to be. good foeders. Aguin, they are not capabloof resisting temp- tation when it comes before them in the ehape of a well-loaded table, They have de. voted thoit lives to the resistance of positive ains, and in opposing the onalaughts of the world, the flesh, and tho devil. They do not o0 any eln in @ tempting bill of fave, They recognize tha menu as something fair to sse, asa reward vouchaatod tothew for tholrlabors, a colloction of providential blessings, and all tho botter whon grace bos bean Invoked and thoy eat to the best of their ability, uncon. solous of harm, It behooves the shesp, therefors, when thoy ontertain the shepherd, that thoy should do it in such manner as not to intorfers with his sleop and digestion, 8o that he may run no riaks of leading them into strange pas. tures, It would be better to feed him early in the week,—on Monday or Tuesdsy,—for, howaver depraved A hot biscult or chicken salad may be, its depravity cannot reach from Monday to Bunday, This will give him nmple timo to recover from gustatory indul- genos, But if he must be fod on Baturdny nights, then let tho ment be plain, simple, and substantial—cold water or mild tea, which is conducive to sloep, aud oold bread grita or oat porridge, which are conducive to aclear boad Bunday momning. It is litle less than criminality oe an ariifics of the process lag benofited not only the manufacturors, but the peoplo, is shown consnmption incroased in & grentor ratio than the population, so that the average Swedo is better clad nnder froe trado than lie was under protection or italogical imsuo, prohibition. - The report from which wa hiave quoted containa similar statisties in regard to cotton, yarn, tissucs, and cloth, lin- en, thread, leather, and manufactures in We shall give the facts jn regard to them here- It isra trifle contradictory that tho indigestible, leaden stuff bofore a vio- tim who is 'incapable of realsting thoem, and who cannot use thom at all with- out uging thom lavishly and to oxcess, The safest plan to porsue is that followed by some of the New Lngland clergymen,—n light supper on Baturday night and a hearty dish of pork and beans on Sunday morning, It thero is any danger of dienstrous results from the latter dish, they are not likely to engue until Monday, when the minister is at liberty to ool as he pleases, and it is nobody's business, We would not venture these ro- floctions upon our own motion, but, inss- much na they hnve been advanced by such an orthodox papor ns the Chrutian at Work, wa have folt at liberty to indorse its views, and to call upon people to bawara how they foed tho ministers Saturdny night. The Fish Commissioners o? New York, the newspapera, and many of the fishermon, sre raking serious complainta of the wanton de- struotion of shad, and ealling for more strin. gont legislation to protact the supply of this delicious fish, Tho Now York Z2'ribune ex- plains the mannor in which this destruction is eausod, as follows After Juns 15, when shad-flahing is ended, the fishe etmon set thelr nets for erring, sud, rlong with tusse flab, catch largs numbers of shad, varying in length from 3 inchies to s foot, The meskies of tha selnos are too fine to allow of tho escape of anything from them, and theso fish, which are too smatl to ba rold far food, aredisposed of at the rate of about 25 centa s bushel to fsrmers, whouse tiem 4 # fertiitsing material, Hun- dreds of bushels aro caught in this way, it s said, along the Hudson River from Troy to & point 20 miles souths of Albany, The fiahing tor berring ia conttoued until Septembor, Thesasmall shad aro those produced In the earlier partof tho season, On Staten Irland aod around New York, the fishing is dona with nets with largo mesties, and no flsh of Jargs eize are retain- d, Thoss are callod * gill-nats,” o8 the fish which are of proper size enter the mesh 28 faras the gill, and are held thera snd kopt alive untll the not is lifled, whila the small ones pass through without diffeulty. ‘The neta aro lifted every ix hours in the jntervals of the tides, The fshermen in the vicinity complaln very much of the wauton dastruction of young shiad by thoss who livealong the rivers and all acquainted with thess facts say that soms remedy should be ap- plied, Thig destruction of shad is not only an outrago as affecting the supply st the East, bot st the Westalso. It iostated that the avorage price in Now York has been about 12 cents apicce, and yot in tho Chicago market they have aversged from G0 to 70 cents apiece. Thero is no good roason why shad, if properly protectod, should not be plentifal and choap in tho Chicago market, as thoy are a firm fish which can be easily transported. Btudent-life in Ausiria Is, in one respeot at least, much ths same as in England or the United Btatos. 1n all quartars it {a sudden and quick in quarrel. Fortnnately, its sympathles ars, sa & rule, ontho side of freedom and hu- msnity, An illustration of this was rocently given at Gratz, the Capital of Biyria, Don Ar- F¥ON8O, the brother of Don CanLos, and his Isdy hava within a fow mouths takon up thelr res- idonco io Gratz, where they flad a convonlent rofuge from the turmoll of political lifo and the" hardships of the campaign In the Carlist prov- inces of Bpain. Now, Gratz is tho sest of a Uni- vorsity and Polytechnic High-School, tho stu- donta of which wero but i-prepared to wolcome tho arrival of the Carlist rofugoes. Indced, the storles spread abroad concernivg Don Arvonso ware not of & nature to rocom.nend him to civilized people, I¢ has been ro- ported thst Arvonso adyised and alsted fn the L atrocities perpetrated by the Carlista in Bpaio, and that he waa apeoisl- Iy conspicuous in carrying out some of the moat notorious of them. His wifo, Donoa Manta, has been reprezentsd a4 » #avage Amazon, who rodo at the hoad of & column on aflylng mteed, her Lalr atreaming down her back, aad sabrein hand. Tt is but fair to say that her appearance {8 the roverss of that described, and that ber Lusband denjes the vary existence of the bar- bartties which he s said to have practiced. But 1t is enough that the students bolioved the re. ports, When Don Arrvoxso and Donna Mamia attendedthe oathedral at Gratz,thoy were grooted ‘with opon manifestations of dlgplensure by tho studonts. They foolishly resanted thess and eatated the crowd ironically. encountor increased tho hostilitics. At longth Each subssquont an open riot took place, and the Don and his wife wers bosiegod In their vills by amob., The suthorities were bard pressed to malptain s docept dogreo of order, and fha studenta wars only kept within pesacefal bounda by s threat of closing the Unlvorsity if they continued pervorse and obstinate. Tho whots procoeding Is amusing, %8 much for the sum- mary msoner in which the srdor of the studenta was quetled aa for tho slight snd insufficiont grounds on which the warfaro was Inatituted. An investigation has been ordered, and tho ring- londers will ba punished. Moantime, Don Avrroxso causges it to bo published that ho would not have come to Gratz excopt on the poremptory order of his brother and King, the Don Canros. —— Mr. O, B, Hanrzr, of Olocinnati, in hia forth- cowing volums on * Tho Poetry of Printerdom * will canse & yreat doal of discussion it tho book carrios ont tho prosont spirit of the author, A controvorsy is alroady commencod by him upon tho suthorship of tho familiar bymn **I wonld not live alway.” The bhymn is wo generally known that ita discussion is a matter of goneral loterest, Mr., Hamexr atiributos it to Hrsny Wanp, s printor, and clalms that it was written in 1892, The acoopted suthor is the Rev, Dr, W. A, Munrewnuno, grest-grandson of the Rev. Hxsay Mrionion MonLensvug, founder of the Lutheran Ohurch, and grandson of the warrios- priest, the Rav, C(en. Pxrem Munrexaura, of Woodstock, Va, The hymn was writton by him more than balf s cenfury ago, and was first published in 1824, Dr. Oxpza- ponk abridged it for use In his congrogation to its preecnt form. In 1828 the Goneral Con- vention of the Episcopal Church appolnted him on the Committes to prepare s collection of bymna for the Church. The Rev. Dr, II. Ox- peanonk, Rector of 8t. Aunn's, Brooklyn, waa also on that Committea. The hymn was reject- edan *too sentimental,” but fnally, through the effortis of Dr, ONpERDONX, ws incorporsted in the Church hymn-book, Dr, Munraxsuss u now 80 years 013, and maintalns that he s the suthor, One of tha changes masde by Dr. ON- DERDONK Was In the first stanza, Origially the third line read thus: ‘Tha days of our pilgrimags granted ua hare, Dr, OxpErpoNk changed thia to The few lurid morninge that dawn on us here, It la cbiaracteristio that, in the Plymoutn Con- gregational Ohurch collection, Alr, Brxouxa has chaoged the word *‘larid” to *lucid," in con- formity with the optimistio variety of faith of that Soolety. A aignificand pard of procesdloge tn the Bouthern Baptist Conventlon lataty mssembled At Charleston was the reception of di from two sooleties of Northorn Baptists. The expressions of fraterual fesliogs on bolh atdes were cordial and slncere, and the aitentions paid to the Northernsra were unosuslly delicate and sbundant. The affalr hes recalled an {aterest- ing inoldent which oocurred sé thesesalon of the same Bouthern Conventlon in Baltimore saven yoars ago. At that time tho venerable, ‘Werow, of New York, bore the fratorual mossage of the Northern Baptlats. It {u the custom for thess so-called fraternal dalogates todeliver thoir mee- ssges orally, Dr. Waicn was accordingly intro- duced to the Bouthern Conveniion, sod began » long snd comclllatory address. He would not, he sald, censure his Bouthern brethren barebly, * Why, brother President,” he oon tinued, * {1 had boen lving in the Bouth, suck are the lmpulsss of my heard that I sbiould no doudt hare bewn oise of the leaders of tho Be- Beilon® Eodindly (e Drididsst's gavil sasse down, and the Chair announced + * That o; sion, sit, is ruled out of order.” Lr, Wy uxr:!;:l not know what to eall it, If not a rebeil oy ml the Chalr did not presumo to dictato; Im‘v. the word was not repeatod, A mrest chunge hag ninco ovortaken the Boutlern Daptists, The mera montion of the Robolllon does not 1 v . turb them. —_—— Mr. Ronent Browsixa's last posm, * Ay, tophanes' Apology,” Is recelving comm Mdation from vory bigh suthoritles. Ic in said by g, 5 8yumonps, in the Academy, to Lo ono of n.; atroogoat poems lia haa over written, anla Lnilte fant tour de force of English voras, i inn o, quel to * Dalaustion's Adventuro,” T ublickieq gomo four yenra 6go. The hletory of the Rl g maiden after hor retnrn to Atheny is taken tip. Bbe marries, and with hor husbatd fleny to Rhodes, whon Lysannsn attaalis, captures, and packs Athons. To the exiles, g thoir poverty aud distrons, comss 0 nnuy of the death of Dunteioes, whom 1. AusTIoN worships, and Wwhosa Ppoatry wucy aaved bor from oxllo, Aa BALAUATION sud hor Lusband aro engsged In proparation for (i denth-foast of Eunipines, ARISTOPHANZY, at the bend of & band of rovelera, burata futo g apartmont. Botween the two partiea a contro. veray acisos s to tho morlta of the trigic auq the conila poot, each side malntaining its cay o with singular ability and forco. Buch, iu br.ef, {8 tho argumont of ** Aristopbanes’ Apulogy» Taquote agsin from Mr. BratoNps: ** Tio peem litorally bursta with erudition, yet the learsing is lightly borne,” Another notable posm recout. ly published is Mr. Jawss Russsit Towen's ¢*Ode Read st the Uoncord Ceptonuial,” whicn apposra in the June Atlantic. It was nuch iy best of tho poetio offorts of tho ocestion, aud will woll repay The United Btates sold at Maro Teland, in Ban Francieco Day, lat week, for $23,650—barely the prica of the oid motal in the bull, for which the vessol will te broken up. The Cslifornis waa built 2t Ports month, N, H.—commenced in 1804, Jauuclied in 1867, and finiehed in 1871, Tho totalcost va 1,500,000, Bhe was one of oight ais!. of which wers exceodingly woak, cost of thoas shipa was $10,000,000; 01y thica have soon active scrvico, snd theso Lave boou sold for rofuse material. Fivosro on tha atocks unfinished, The brilliant jokor who snggests! that the United Btates should sell off tha for batterod hulka that now constituta the Americun Navy snd hire Paur Borron in their sigad, s tually touchod a tender spoz. ——— The testimonial vasa which is now beiny me1y for Mr, WiLLiAM CULLEN BAYANT s Lomo aig. iatio festures of merit. The dosign adoptel . said to bocorrect, guarded, and chasts, but with- out the loast touch of inspiration. We sce it stated thst Alr. Bovast I8 to have only a life-lo. teroat in tho vase, and thal, after hisdeaty, R will bo made over to tho Metropoliten Museum, Donbtloss Mr. Bavaxr will feol gratofu! even for the tomporary honor. He may in his declinn g years got & great deal of amusement out of the vage and tho manner snd conditions of fiu Lo stowal. The Metropolitan Musoum is prolably safo to keop the prize notil anothor deserving and venerable poet arises to clsim it fora few montha ot years, and enjoy tho fruits of pne. soasion, —_——— Another triumph for the Holy Churc's, An- other title bagged. It is that of the Hoo. aud Rev. Lord Faaxcrs Goporesiy Osnonye, M. A., Reoctor of Great Elm, noar Frome, Evg., son of the late Duke of Leads, andnophew of tho Hou. and Rov, Lord 8toxxy GopoLrusN OSDGUNE, ves casfonal contribator to tho London Zimus. Im- mense, sn'tit 7 Dot 88 the new convart may not marry, belog s priest, his titlo ceaven st Lis death, and his property doubtless goes to— the Holy Church., Bharp fellows, thoso Eug- lish Cathollcs. —— POLITIOAL HOTES Gov. Evaxs, of Colorado, is & candidate for tho United Btates Sonate, with good p:oupe:s of auccess. The peopls of the Contennial State might go way to Now England and no’ find s bettor man, Evans is the founder of Evam- ton, IIL 1t seoms quite svident ta the Plttaburg Za: ¢ that the Third-Term question will be thrust into tho Ponnaylvsnia Republican Convention. 'lhe Qazells wishes to havo it distinctly und netoud that a doclaration sgalaat a Thitd-Term vwill iuy:ly distrust of President Gmaxr. *If, thors (8no Third-Torm sapirant, thero c¢an be no such thing #8 Third-Tormism.” The National Republican, of Washiugton, I1 an untrustworthy organ, more glven to thrasty and promises than to fulfillments; still, dark hint thrown out by it towards Mr. Bect poi- sonsen some interost. It eays Mr, Brox witivo.y 1ikely hoar something dropin his immediate vi- oluity before the Benatorial election {n Res.tucky takes place, and continuea: *Thero are ugly ru- morg about him, which wo will print as scon as thoy can be verifled." Booretary Baistow bas s firm and consirtent friend 1n the only Independont-Democrutlc newspaper publishod woat of Boston,—the Do- troit XFrca Press. That jonrnal notices tie rumory concerning tha Becrotary’s Prosidential smbitlon, and, brushing thomaaide ss nuworthy, saya: “Woe spprebend thay Bessrow's native honesty and opposition to corruption aze the roal motors of the efficlent worlk ke has duno, and tha his highost motive 1s ta do Lis full duty 08 he understands it. Fortunstely for the coun. 4ry, be bas a keen apyrecistion of what his d ity i Thers extsts not s shadow of doubt that Gen. Granr docs denirs s third term, Those .o surround him are mostly courtiors, and, s8 be comes vory little In contact with the people, he knows but Nitle of their roal feslings on this subjock. Having been elooted twice by large m jorities, he probably thioks it not only poasibly, but eaay, to be elected a third timo; and, £9 long as ho entertsins this feeling, snd inene couraged in ¢ by the courtiers who arenear bim, be ia ot at all likely to make a publio re- nunclstion to doferwnce to ntimont whoso strength he entirely underrates, snd whioh, it a1 probability, is atadlously misroprosented by thoss who bavs his ear.~Indianapolis Journa (Morton'a organ). The herois Domocrats of Georgis auffored & wrest shook last week by the publication of m lotter addresied by Gov. Baura to the Hoo. Haxrtroy Fiam, BSecretary of Btate. The Govorno's missive had reference to the form of oath required by the Centennial Commisslon, A grave misapprehension exlsted amoog the Georgis Democrats concerning this matter, It was supposed that all persons officially cone nected with the Centennisl would be sxpected & subscribe to the iron-clsd osth, which mot one whits man qut of every ten ju Georgis would consent to do. The erronons fmpression bas aince besa removed by Becrstary Fisa's reply, which cites the Jaw, and explains thas the modle fied oath will anawer all parposes, The two Long Legielatures of the Unlled Btates are thoss of Msssschuseits aod Naw York, both of which ind it far more difioull o adjourn than b0 pass corrupt and injudiclous bills, They are at last happily dispossd of, 40 the great relief of the peaple whom they repre~ sented. The prinoipal mots of the Massacbu- actls Leglalature were ths election ef Mr. Dawzs as United States Senntor, the passags of abill for the temporary control of the Hoossa Tunosl, and the substitution of a Liosnse for 8 Yroblbitory Liquor law. The New York body chiefly conoorned itaelf with the Cenal queation aod o scheme of Dapld Trauals in New Yotk City. The Governor's messsge on Munisipsl Reform was teferred to & Special Commisaiony sy was also the wholo subjech of Caual Befors The Leglslature wes s standing mensoe (o the besh fnterasis of the Biste D Is becomiog & question (udesd bow ths poweed, of thess nondesox mml Biates can be u"-mm mmfiu ua- ws cah 0i nmuflm& 3&-‘ [