Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 22, 1875, Page 8

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. WANTED—Une activo agout 1n each Sewn sad villags. Epecial arrangements made with snoh. Bpecimen aopies sent free, To prevent delay aud mistakse, bo sure s0d girs Post: ©Ofice addrers In Inil, tnoluding Btate and Connty, Remitisncesmay bamadeeltbor by draft, oxpress, Post- Offics order, or In registered Inttars, atoor risk, © 2CNE 7O CITY SUBSANINERE. Dasly, delivered, Sunday excented, 20 cents permosk, Datly, delirered, Bunday inoluded, R0 eants per ook, Address THE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Comnar Madison and Deatbors Chicago, 11 TO Se HOOLEY'S THEATRE~Randoloh street, hotween Qlari and LaSalle. Lmarson's Minsirals, Alterncon and oroning. M'VICRER'S THRATILE—Xaditon street, brtween Dearborn and State, Engsgement of Charles Pope. ¢ Bsmaon.” Aftoruoon and evening. ADELPHI THEATRE—Doarborn street, corner Mane me. Varlety Entortalnment, Aftornoon and evening, ACADRY OF MUBIC—ialsted street, botwaen 3ad- leonand Monron, Engagement of the Fox Pantomimo. Troupe, ** Humply Dumpty.”* Afterncon and avaning, “so ‘WAL B. WARIEN LODQF, No. 209, A, F.and A, M. —Tegulnr sonanunicatian thiy (Hatirday) eyent; o'clock, at u"w"’r'n‘x:yfilznulfl“'"“" oomad.’ By ordur ol WOT o DUSTOP, Ke The Chicags Tribune, Batu‘rdny Morning, May 23, 1875, WITH SUPPLEMENT. Postmpstor-Goneral Jewesy, has ordored the reletting of the mail-contracts in which the frauds were discovered, with the understand- ing that Hiyps, Kerrces, ctc, need mot apply. —r—— The luxury of calling & lawyer & shyster in St. Lonis is so cheap that no newspaper need practice self-deninl or economy in this rogard. The, Republican has just boen ns. sesaod 1 cent dnmagen as tho result of & pro. tracted libol suit. Eupcrfixo; p us;—mvea woy to Asa Mur- Toxws, the matter having been decided upon in Cabinet conncil yesterdsy. Mr Bluwy has resigned, his resignation to take ellect upon tho selection aund qualification of his successor. Judge Hounpenn, District Attor« noy of the Iastern District of Wisconsin, will vacate, and it is expocted that Collector Ensrrse will follow suit, Danville, 1., provious sumptuary rule within hor limits, aud now ofers to allow retuilera of whisky to take aut a licenso on the §.ywent of a fee of £600 and the deposit of o §:3,000 bond. Tho nature of previous prohibition, howaver, scems to have been essontinlly Pickwicldan, for the correspondent sending the nows naively remarks that it is supposed no ome haw gone thirsty, thero having beon thirty- five saloons in the hamlet, Gloomy discoutent has seitled upon the sonls of tho noble savages mow visiting Washington. They complain of their pres. ent hotel lodgment, whero whisky is not on the bill of fare, and demand to be quartered at another inn, where fire-wator flows frocly. The profer of tonts ond o clean camping ground by the Indinn Commissionor was re- jeoted with scorn, and tho Chicfs arg in a bad humor. ¢ No whisky, no Black Hills," isthe ultimatum of these nboriginal aristo- crnts, the seotions in the Northwost so terribly des- olated last year aro genorally of a moro en- cournging character than any which have Veen reccived heretofore. Nebraska is cs. pecially hopeful of escaping o renowal of the visitation ; in Missouri, between prayer and Paris green there is afeeling of encourage- ment ; in Kansas {he fanmers have recovered from their alarm snd feel renssurod ; and in Minnosota sud Jown the prospects are nob eonsidered o gloomy as heretofore, Happy Cincinnati is marching steadily and rapidly forward to her placo as the musical centre of the Continent. Her Common Council yesterday received and favorably considered an ordinenco creating o Board of Busie-lall Commissioners, to whom shall be donated, in trust, the ground now occupied by the Exposition Building, which is tobe torn down aud replaced with s beautiful Musio Hall, in accordnnco with tho splendid offer of Mr."Reusyy R. Bentvoen. It i deemed certain that the necossary legislation will bo nccomplished, and that Cincinnati will enjoy tho benefit of the munificencs of Mr. Beamokn, . The United States I Gommission ‘enton met yesterday in Philadelphin and organized by tho clection of Gen. Joserm R. Hawrzy, of Connectieut, to the Presidenoy, with a largo number of Vice-Presidents and mem- bers of the Excoutivo Committee. The pro- gramwe of coremonies for the opening and closing of the Exhibition and the Fourth of July ombraces the designation of President Grant as President ; Cuanies Fraxois Apaxs and L. Q. O. Tusan, Orators; Hexny Waps. wonty Lovnarzrrow, Poct; Riarrz Warvo Eareason, Reudor of the Declaration of Inde- pondence; Gen., W. T. Bueramay, Grand Mar. shal; Gen, Joserm . JounszoN, lote of the Confedorato army, Master of Ceremonios, The great firs in Pennsylvanis, of which an account was given in yosterday’s isaue, still rages with unabated fury, destroying the villages and forests in its path, At Osceola 250 housos were burned, and 400 familics be- veft of their homes, A terrible loss of life was avorted by the energy and horolsm of Train-Master Woop, who hastily got together & train of box cars, into which the panic. stricken peoplo were hurried, and the train made four trips at lightning speed through the blazing woods on elther sido of the track, eonveylng & thousand men, women, and children to & place of safety, Houtzdale, & village contalning 900 inbabitants, hnas boen totally destroyed, and the forcsts are still barning tudously in that vioinity, gmsTSTES——— The Chicago produce markets were irregn. lar yoaterday, Mesd pork was active and 200 per brl higher, closing dull at $20.57}@20.00 for June, and $20,00 for' July. Lard was in good demand and advanced 850 por 100 ths, cloaing st $15.00 for June, and $15.20 for July, Muaats were quiet and easior at 8}o for shoulders, 11jo for short ribs, and 110 for short clears, Highwines were in better de. mand and e & 91,17 per gallon. Lake frolghts were quiet and tame st Bjo for corn te Bufato, ¥lgur wes quiet and upshangeds number of the Atlantic Monthly, makes a carious contribution to the political literaturo of thoe timo under the striling titlo of fact is, as Mr, Owry explains, & slight attack of tho varioloid from which Senator Fessax- pex suffered in the spring of 186G changed tho whole complexion of American politics during tho past nine years, and is apt to ex- ertits influence for many yearsfo come, Mr, FrsseNpeN was at that timo the Ohair- man of tho Senate Committee on Reconstruc. tion; Mr, Tuap BSruvens was the Chair- man of the Touse Commitice. The two Wheat was netive and irregular, closing e lowor, at $1.003 cash, and $1.01} for June. Corn was netivo and firmer, but closed tamo nt 0Y0 ensh. and 693c for June. Oats were quiet and unchangedl, closing at 62{o cash, and 62]e for June. Ryo was quiet at $1.05 @1.06. DBarley was quict and stondy =t 31.40 for Mny, and £1.10 for Scptombor. Hogs were activo and closed steady; sales princi- pally at $7.26@7.50, Caltlo and shecp were in good demand and firm, [ — The Buffalo Commercial complains that prices of grain *aro kept higlior than the nat- ural Inws of supply and demand justify ; and that millions of bushels that might bo ex- ported at n fairly remunorativa price are held on speculation,” This is in an article in which holders of grain in Ghicago are censured for not souding forward their grain, There nre just now Leld in storo in this city whent and corn, which, with the lard and porl, ropresont over $9,000,000 invested in them. ‘Fhis stock is carried with Chicago capital, bearing liberal interest, and yet the lolders of tho property consider it moro profitable to pay this interest than to sell at the prices offered in tho E: Tha ovorlures thus far made by the Pues- byterinn Church North to their brothren of tho Charch South for the sinking of past dif- feronces and the reunion of the two bodies hovo not met the requirements of the South. ern Assembly, now in scssion’ at St, Louis. Yesterdsy the Committeo appointed to adjust the differences presented a roport embodying tho correspondence on the subjeot, from which it appears that the Southern Prosby- terinng will require of the Church in tho Nortlt n mora nbsolute and abjeot retraction and apology for the acts nnd deliverances made during the heat of war times than have yet beon proposed, and the two branches, soparnted by the Robellion, aro as wide apart 88 over. . In the Northern Assembly yesterdsy at Clovelangd, howaver, some progress was made toward satisfying the demandsof the other ‘body by the introduction of a preamble and resolutions declaring inoperative and void all sets and deliverances of the Old ond New School Asscmblies, North, provious to the union, reflecting upon the Christisn charne. ter of the Bouthern Church. This action, prompted by an earnest desire to bury the hatchet ond work together for the glory of God, shonld not be without its effect upon the Southern Assombly, VARIOLOID IN AMERICAN POLITIOS. Mr. Ropert Dire Owex, in the current ¢ Political Results from the Varioloid.,” Tha Committees, in joint session, had under consideration, in addition tothe other inci. dents of reconstruction, the question of negro suffrage. Alr. Ropest Datk Owxy proposed to tho Committeo that a constitutional smondment should ba sub. mitted by Congress, that no class of persons should be denied theright of suffraga “Dbeeanse of race, color, or previous condition of servitude,” aftor July 4, 1876, This would have given the negroes tho ballot in about ten years {rom the time of {he ratification of tho amendmont, and on the contennial of Amer. icon indopendence, Mr, Owex tolls us that the proposition was recoived with favor by Hexay Wirsox, Coxsang, BooTweLy, Srev. ENS, WABHBURNE, Bixamax, Howann, end oll tho Republican membors of the two Commit. tecs, and it was regarded aos the fairest solu- tion of the perplexing question that had boen proposed, In foct tho amendment, substan- tially ns proposed by Mr, Owxx, was adopted in Committee on Baturday, April 21, 1866, and ordered to o reported to Congress on the following Mondny., Alr. FessespeN was ab. sont from this Committos-meoting by reason of the nttack of varioloid aforesaid, and it was suggested that, as he wos Chairman of tho Henate Commilteo, it would be only courleons to defer final action until he could bo present. This was thought- lessly nasented to. Toap SrevENs was in. clinod to object to the postponemontof a great measuro on secount of mera form, but thought it would come with bad grace from him as Chairman of the House Committeo, and go romained silent. Tho postponoment was fatal to the proposition. The sgentiment of tho Committeo lenked out, and o pressuro was brought to bear by tho weak-minded Re- publicans to suppress the report, which proved successful. Caucuses were held by the Repnblicans, and the Committes was no- tified that the Republican party was not pro- pored to take *so advanced” a position, The amendmont was not reported, and Tuap Brevens, who thought this might be the denth-blow to megro suffrage, is understood to have said : ** Damn the varioloid.” Tho effect of Mr. Frssznpex's varloleid wasg to postpono the proposal of the negro- suffroge amendment till Feb, 28, 1809, but then it came in & form thot gave tho negroes the ballot immediately upon the ratification of the amendment. The misfortuns was not in ite postponement, as Mr, Srnvens bolleved, butin the subsequent change by which the ballot was placed in the hands of tho colored people immediately, and long before they wore in any sense prepared for the intelligent uso thereof, 1t is useless, of courss, to epec- ulate upon what might have been. the result if Mr. Owen's wise counsel had provalled, and negro suffrage had boon postponed for ten years; Dbut it is alnost cortain that the negroes womld have beon bottor propared to-dny for the intelligent exercise of suffrage than they ars now after five yoars' oxporience with it There is no doubt that their ignorance has been abused by intriguing politiciaus, and that the carpet-baggers st the Bouth have oultivated among thom a low iden of the right of guffrage which will be diffoult to over come. The right of suffrage among the more Intelligent negroes of the Bouth seems to bo synonymous with the privilege of Liolding offtee ; with the rost the ballot seems to be something to be bartered away for money or somo other promiss of personal roward, If negro euffrago had been deforred ten years, as Alr, OweN proposed, it {s not probable. that thero would have been any zoce-dssue in the palitioa of the South, The csganization of parties would have been in tho bands of white men, and the number of native whites in the Bouth actlng with the Republican party, from an old and hereditary antagonimn to the Democratio pasty, wonld be hundréds whave thive 16 now omes ‘Thera fHE CHICAGD TRIBUNE: SATURDAY. MAY 22, 1875.~TWELVE PAG would have been no color-line, and the ne. groes would have divided themsolves betwaon the opposing porties as whito mon do, on ac- count of individual preforonces, local issues, oto, And it waa only o slight attack of vario- loid, sfter all, that wrought o groat s change. M A convention of colored peaple is in gesslon at Nashville, It was ealled and hns met to consider a foolish projeet,—tho mnss emigra- tion of the negro population of Tennesseo to somo other State. The delegates aro besot Ly the ngents of differont railronds and in. undated with placards and eirculars testifylog to the wondrous excellence of thesoil of lalf- n-dozen localities, and the pnssionate longing of the whiles of ench of these scctions to re- celvo their colored brethren, lend them money, give them food, and eloct them to oflice. A Inrge numbor of the delogates nre firmly impressed with the belief that they enn get freo transportation to any city in Missouri or Knusas, and will be presonted, upon their arrival at their destination, with 40 ncres of land, o mule, nnd a yonr's rotions. ‘fhis singular delusion can be traced ¢o no one porson. Tho nogroos themselves do not scem to know where thoy got tho ides, but they refuse to bo arguod out of it. It has hold possession of {hom for a long time, The Nashville Banner of March 5 stated that a colored minister of Gilos County, Tennesses, the Rev. Epwin Hony, was then in that city, chorged with investigating the truth of this story, He roporied that a lergo number of his pasishioners had eold everything they had for a more pittanca of its value, and wore then preparing to leave for Missourl or Kou- ses, expooting to go on free from Nashville, and to be supplied gratis with all they noed- ed upon their arrival in theso delusive Condans, Iis words were justified tho next day, when an advance squad of twenty-five penniless nogroes armived in Nashville, and wero utterly dishoartoned when, they loarnod that they hnd been the victima ‘of ‘what s olther an inoxplicablo delnslon oracruel lie. It s evidont that the manin hns mince sproad, rathor than diminfshod. The nssombling of a State Convention to consider tho question of emigration, and tha liold this illusion has on the minds of many of the delegatos, aro proofs of this, | No friend of the American negro can favor any such wholesalo movemont as the Tennes. 500 blacks propose. It is true that the rich bottom.lands of the Mississippi can only be cultivated by tho coloved roce, and lave thereforo been a fit flold for immigration hitherto; but thoy aro probably now amply stocked with Inabor, 8treams of negroes have been flowing into them for two yonrs. Wa are informed that one-third of the whole population of Huntsvillo, Ala., hes emigrated west since 1873, The same story is told of other towns in Alabams and Georgia. The very best thing for the negroes to do is to stay whero they are. If thoy concentrato into two or throe States and make thom African Ropublics, they will simply deprivo thomselves of the advantages of tho wealth, enterprise, and culturaof the white Sonthoern. ers, and will lay the foundation for a varioty of political evils, dangerons to {he stability of our institutions, which need not be enumeratod here. Morcover, they should ro- member the wiso oaying of ** Poor Richard * that * Thros romoves aro as bnd as a fire.” Ono ofton consumes the sonnty savings of monthe of labor, The idea of maving from Tennesgae to Kansas or Missouri is especially foolish, Konans is stricken by tho grasshop- per plague, and iz notorious for politicel cor- ruption, Missouri is much more deoply sunk in Bourbonism than Tonnesses ie. In tholatter State, thers is very littlo troublo between whites and blacks, If tho latter persevere, do honest work, and stay wherae lhoy are in- atead of chasing a will-o’-the-wisp around the country, thoy will ere long obtain avery nood- ed right and privilege, not under the harsh diroctions of the law, but from an enlightened publio opinion. Thoir great want now is the opportunity to become tho ownors of the land they till. Tied to tho soil by the strong bond of ownership, they would bo far botter citizons than thoy otherwise can bo, It is one of the sureet gigns of thoe decay of states- manship in both political parties at the South that no orgnnized effort has been made to bring this about. Tho proposal of a good plan for accomplishing it would be equally valuable 03 a matter of policy snd as a pieco of tho highest statesmanship, Procedents ore plonty. Not to multiply examples, thera ara the Srmy.-Hanpenpena laws of Prussia, the Irish Tenant act, the French Cods, and tho Augtralian Land I THE PRESS AND THE BRITISR PARLIA- MENT, Some time ngo wo commented on n notice given in tho British Flouss of Conumons by o Mr, Survtvax that, the House having persist. ontly refused to make any decont provision for the press while ongaged in reporting the procoedings of Parlismont, he should insist on an onforcoment of tho rule which ro- quires tho oxclusion of every person from tho hall, excopt mombers, upon notifying the Bpoaker, This notice he carried out onca or twice, but ylelded under a promise that somathing would be done, Subsequont- ly, during o debnte on the subject of Lorses, the Prince of Wales and & largs body of notables were in the gallery, when a mom. ber, addrossing the Bpenker, said, *‘I eapy strangers in the gallery.” Whoreupon the 8peaker ordored the exclusion of all who were present, including, of course, the re. portars, Grest was the wrath, but it waa in vain. T'o prevent a repetition of this procecding, the Marquis of Hamrmvarown, the leader of the Liberal party, stated that he would pro. poss an amondment of the rules to meet the diffioulty, Ou the 4th of Msy he proposed two resolutions, one legalizing the publica- tion of debates, and the other admitting atrangers to tho gallery, oxcopt when the Housa should order otherwise. Ho stated that the original resson for the prohibition of the publication of debates was, that, during tho struggle between the Crown and Parlia- ment, the two Houses sought to provent tho Crown from exerolsing its illegal power of punishing members for what they spoke in Parliament, Bocrecy was then important, becouse when the Crown heard that proceed. ings wero going on distasteful to the King, the Commons would bo summoned to the Upper House, and Parliamont dissolved, In those days mombore unable to explain thelr sposches wore sont to the Tower, After adopting various orders, it was in 1842 or. dered * that all members of the Houss are onjoined to daliver out no copy or notes of anything that fs brought into the House, pro- pounded, or agitated in the Houss,” On tha 28th of March, 1642, the Commons regolved that ** what person soever shall print or soll any sok Or passages of this House, under the name of & dlnrual or otherwise, without the partioulas osuse of this Houss, shall be vepuled b bigh ooutizoses and hrdakie of the priviloge of Parliament, and be punichod ac- cordingly.” Until 1771, both Houses stondfastly rosisted the publication of tho debates. Thinled to reports purporting to be of procedings in the Parlinments of Lilliput, in which apecches were given under fiotitions nauies, This rule, however, broke down in 1771, un. der the following cirommstances : Bince 1771, lawever, the rules sgalost (e publics- tlon of reports had boen relaxad in eonssquence of & ‘Diemorable crists tuat then oeeutrod, and of which an oxcelient aocount was given {n Lord Manox's history, ‘Ths House of Cornmons f1fedl to enforcs thelr ordor to provont the publication of debates, and sont a mos- mengor to strest tho publfebor, 3at $he measenger himuelf was arreated and rent to Glitspur street Comp- ter; s, althongh the Jonas of Gommons sent the Lord Mayor and an Alderman to the Tower for con- tempf, tha Mouse was fually baflled, sud from that timo sny person who plonsed published tho dobates fu Yarliament without fear, A long debnto onsuied, in whioh Mr, Drs naxcs took strong grounds agaivst any change in the rule. At idnight the Minlstry moved an adjournmont of the debate for the pur- poso of dofonting tho resolution, when Mr, Surrvak said: “Mr. Sponker, X espy stran- gora in thegnllery behind your chair.” Whero- upon the strangers’ and reporters’ and other galleries wero oloared of tho occupants, The London Z%mes sontinuss its report of the do- bato with the fallowing introduction: Wa understand the following {n a substanally acon- rato sccaunt of tha delate during tho excluston of strangers. For an hour Mr, Sorurvay was roundly nbused for his action, and then the debato was adjourned until the 25th of May. ookt Tho different celebrations of the centenninl of the Mecklenburg Declaration at tha South wore all marked by ono mnotablo fact. A Bpirit of real and truo devotion to tho Union breathed through the speoches, and honor was poid in many ways to the old flag and the old feeling. At Oharlotte, N. 0., tho cole- bration bogan with flinging tho Stars and Stripes to the breezo, Gov. Broapen's speach wolcomed the citizons of il the States to the celobration. A salate of thirty-eight guns, which followad it, showod that tho Old North State rojoiced in being one of thirty-sight in- stead of one of cloven. Tho speochies of the aftornoon, delivered to *“acres of poople,” oxulted in the decsy of sectional feeliug and the Lright promise u’ a firmly-rivoted, pros- perous, and happy Ainories. Everybody was carried away ly enthudasm, including the Associated Press agont, who was guilty of this bit of illogical logic : * Whatever doubta moy have existed as to the anthenticity of the Mecklenburg Declaration, the spseches of this oceasion and the grandilluminations in honor of tho iraditions sacredly guarded among an intelligent peoplo have dispelled that doubt.” Thera is doubt whether a thing ovor happened; but its happening Is cole. brated ; ergo, it did happen. This is not the timo to earp, howover. Nortlh Carolina is mora loyal, mora truo to tho Union, for tha Cliarlotte festival, and tho festival is thore. fore to bo heartily hailed as a thorough good thing. Neithor it nor ita resulls was confined to the Old North Stato, Throughout the South, public notics wastaken of the anniver- sory, and overywhero the celobrations gave tho samo happy ovidence of renowed loyalty to the Union. Especial intercst was shown ot Nashville, and the crowding refcronces to the necessity of proserving our rounited country wero onthusinstically npplanded. ‘Tt was natural £o supposo that tho celebration of an ovent in tho listory of the Union would reawnkon sparks of the old fiery attachment to the Union, aud no doubt some of tho sen- timent was o sham, manufactured for the oc- casion, or. felt only in the glow of oratory. But if truor feelings had not underlaid the whole celobration, wo should have had to re- cord froquent referoncos to ovonts only o de- cade, instend of a contury, old, If the Con- foderate Staten of Amerlon woro an entity to- day, how the crowds at Charlotte wonld have spplauded the inovitablo references to two successful ravolutions. Happily, that sorrowful folly is past. Rough surgery has cut ont the cancer of slavery and disunion. North and South cclebrated togother the Concord-Lexington fight and the Aocklen- bLurg manifesto, ‘They will colebrato to- gother, as o nation, the National Daclaration of Indopendenco; and the Philadolphia Cen- tennial will commomorate not only tho birth of the country, but its proservation from an inglorious and untimely ond. CLAGS GOVERNMENT. Government by » clats mibans government for tho bonefit of that class. The machinery of administration is managed in such away that not the wholo, but part, of the nation is benefited. * The results cannot but be bad. Tverything is looked at from o narrow stand- point, 'The intoreats of the many aro sys- temntically disregarded, fn order that tho in- torosts of the fow may bo subsorved. Every extension of popalar rights involves tho lim- itation of class priviloges. It is therefore bitterly contosted, and the struggle foritoften brings tho conntry to the vorgo of civil war, and sometimos pushos it into that abyes. The tendency of all govornmont now {8 from one of clnss to one of the people. Tho power of the aristocracy is substantinlly gone on the Continent of Europo. It is somowhat greatar in tho Dritish Isles, but it is main- tainod there only by the land.system. It must, therefors, fall with its fall ; and the Intter cannot bo far dlstant, Olass.rulo in England culminated with the aoct whiclr authorized the noble law-makers to steal some millions of acres from tho poor, who had nothing to do with the lawa oxcep$ to oboy them, Olass-rule in Ameriea has cul- minated with the enastment of tho tariff of 1875, which authorizes one class of the com- munity to extort many millions of dollars, every yoar, from the masaof the poople. From 1789 to 1861 we hod class-government, and the ruling class was tho slavoholders, Then we exchanged rulers, We throw off the yoke of the slavooracy and bowed to that of the plutocraoy. The Alonmiry tari® wos falstod on the peoplo under tho speclons plon of national necessity, and so the new class came into power, ‘Wheon the farmers of the West claimed that cortain great Intereats should be wubordinated to tholrs and should bo managed in tho way which would be most profitablo for thens, their claims were snecrod at ond ridiculed as proposterous. When they neverthieless cap- tured two or three Legislatures, and used them to further thelr dosigns, thus introduc~ ing practioal olass-government, the ery of con- demnation rang through every Btate. The opposition was so great that the Grange was forced to be content with holding part of the positione it bad galned end sbandoning the rest. In all this sction, the farmers of the Wesb wore aimply following the example set them by the manufacturors of the East, The farniers’ efforts to bring about class- government wexe, indesd, feeble in compari. son with the tastica tried with such suocess by the menufactarers, The farmer wished the railroads 0 be made subserviont to tham Abs ledir bavh uads dverp othod dntessad tha country poy tributo to thom. There fs not a man, womsan, or chiild in the United States who does not have eithor n smaller incomo or gronter expenses on nccount of the favoritism shown by the class which 'now dictates onr laws to itsclf. In ordor to carry out thelr designs, the farmers seized two or threo Stnte Legislatures fora yenr or two; the mannfacturers soizod the National Legis- lature fonrteon yesrs ago nnd show no signs of a willingness to relax their hold upon it No fair comparison can be drawn between the Gravger agitation and the tariff move. mont which doas not redoned to tho credit of the former. What the farmers tried to do on a small peale, the manufacturers have done on a lavga scalo, Wa are the victims of clnss-governmont, and the class which rules us is the ono whoso supromncy is most dangerous to freo instilutions,—the pluto- crats, Aslong as they are in power, as long as Inw-making and money-making are synony- mous torms with our ralers, so long wo can hope for no pormancnt relief from the cor- ruption which is cating the heart out of our political life, i STEAMSHIP DISASTERY, It is rather peculior, the regularity and inevitability of unconcern with which every acenn catastropho is treated, In the csse of the Schillor, tho pross haa commented se- vorely upon the orders issuod by the Com- pany with regard to making time, which led directly to tho terrible dlsaster. Lest Sun. day, tho clergy of New York aud othor citica prenched sermons upon this tragedy of the sen, eriticising vory harshly tho indifference to humen life charactoristio' of steamship companios in general. Of courso, thero will be an investigation of an official nature, statoments and countor-statemonts will bo made, and the jury of inveatigation will bring in a long-winded roport, oxculpating or inculpating, as the case may bo. This has been the regular programme in every case of ocoan disaster for tho last twonty-five years, The result in tho Bchiller case will bo pra. cisely the same a9 it always has been,~a gront fuss and outery for o fow days, thon people loso thoeir interest, and the whola aifpir Llows over, and sienmers go on with their sinking, Thoentastrophe, aftor all, s only the sensation of a day. And yot tho list of stoamers which have gono down by fire, or wrack, or explosion since tho 1st of January last is simply appall- ing. Look at tho catalogus: Jan. 4, a stenmer blown up on the Tyne, 10 lost ; Jan. 12, stenmer Cortes, sunk in the Bay of Bis- cay, 26 lost ; Jan, 18, British steamer Bride, sunk, 20lost ; Jan 14, stenmer Alice, from Car~ aift to Constantinople, 20 lost ; steamer Borar, from Odossa to Cardiff, 20 lost; Jan. 20, steamer Thornabia, from Cardiff to Bombay, 20 lost ; Jan. 23, stoamer Mongal, noar Ilong Kong, G lost; Jan. 26, steamer Lochnsgar, from Aberdeen to Caleutts, 16 lost ; Jan., 30, stonmor Georgo Batters, from Porthcaw! to Gibraltar, 21 lost ; Fob, 16, steamer Berlin, off the Jnpaneso coast, 80 lost; Feb, 20, steamer Hong Kong, from London to Japan, 12 lost ; steamer Vicksburg, at Fire Island, 1 lost ; Morch 8, stoamer Gottenborg, off the Australian cosst, 166 lost; March 12, steamer R. B, Hart, at foot of Island No. 103, DMississippl River, 16 lost; towboast R. A. Babbago, near Cairo, 3 loat; March 16, steamer Willinm J. Lowis, nt Chester, Ill., 51lost; March 26, steamer uby, in Pugot Sound, 10 lost ; March 26, stenmor Lizzio Rea, on the Mississippl, 1 Jost; April 4, stenmer Fu Bing, 50 lost; April 21, thres nteamers burned at Now Orlenns, 75 Yost ; May 8, atonmor 8t. Luko, nt St. Louis, 9 lost; May 7, steamer Schiller, off the Hoilly Islands, estimated 8060 lost; May 8, stearaer Cadiz, near DBreat, 62 loat; and May 18, steamor Benator, at Portlond, Oregon, 6 lost, An examination of this liat ghows that in January there woro D steamers ond 168 lives lost ; in Fobruary, 8 stenmers and 43 lives; in March, G steamors and 201 lives; in April, 4 stcamers and 125 lives ; in May, four steamers and 427 lives ; or, in four months and a half, twonty-six stonmeors have boen destroyed and 984 lives, ‘This is simply appalling; o slavghter of hu. man life, On an average, a steamor has beon dostroyed ovary week singe tho 1st of Janu- ary, invalving an avorago loss of forty lives! Is it not timoe somoe attention was pald’ to the charges of Mr. PriaoLy, in tho English Parlinment, that the steamship companios are sonding out rotten hulks; that thoy are over- londing them, and that thoy displny a reck- less disregard of human lifo? Ts it not time that tho verdict of a jury inoulpeting the officors of a steamship company should involvo o ponalty instend of immunity from punishment ? - Is it not time that this hack- neyad, conventionnl ofloial monnor of treat. ing stenmship, and raflroad disasters as well, should ceaso, sinco thoy kave come to be only farcos, tho denonomonts of which every ons knows beforeliand ? THE (HINEE AS A TRADE-UNIONIAT. ‘The - fine faculty of imitation which our Colostial visltors pogsess has recontly shown itaclt in a new phbase, Tho almond-eyed population of Ban Francisco counta many tallors nmong it. Tho ancoess of the white trade-unions of tho city has, It scoms, at- traoted tho attention of the observant loathen, They formoed a unfon. Then the whito men engnged in one of tha trades struck. The Chiness promptly followed sult, Tho non-unionist whites went on working. Ditto the non-unionist yellows. The white strikers attacked tho mon at work, and hurt some of them badly. Thoy also wrote throatening loiters to the employers, ‘This examplo was not followed, bocauso the assailants were arrested and locked up, This yesult was an unploazant one to con. template, An Lvwo and the rost of the beathen had no moral projudices against treating thelr working brethron ns their white exomplars had troated theira, but An Luva's mind did not grasp with joyous avidity the thought of a rexldence in jail, with a possible scaffold in tho vista. He oo, bowover, above this obstacle, Tralned in the habita of his native land, which nllows o oulprit sentenced to death to hire o substi- tato, the Chinese unionist saw no objections to his hiring o man to do some killing ag well 08 to bo kitled. Bo he hud a number of eir- oulars struck off, and was proceoding to calm. ly pasta them up throughout the city, when the police interfered, Those circulars were unique. ‘The puble will nover ses their like agoln, st losst outside of the mining dlstricts of Pennsylvania. TFor the tailors' unlon an. nounced in them to the world that it would pay %800 for the head of any journeyman tallor who worked for wsges lowar than those it had fixed, and 9400 for tho same appendage of any employor who paid his worlonen loss than this rate. The oiroulats got the uulon an overwhelming amount of grataitious advertising, moat of it of an unpleasing tone, but failed to bring theta fnany hoads. Morsover, the civio suthor. S four or five persons whose names wore signod to this remarkabla proclnmation, £o that they may yot decorate n coll—~and that without the consolntion of having killed Wmana.To, or any othor Chinmnan who hns boen foolish enough to do honest work for honost pay, instond of loafing at tho command of the unifon of the unpronounceable name. This dovelopment of trado-unionism is, we fenr, the boginning of the end of Chineso chonp Iabor, Tho other ovila of Caucasian labor,— faithless work, lounging, the use of bad ma- torial, strikos, trickery, browbeating, torror- ism, wastefulnoss,—theso will come too. "The quick hands that built the Pacific Rond and mado tho Pacific Blopo blossom into gar- dens will grow sluggish; the nlmond cyes will no longor cast tho koenest of looks in seavch for nny and every sort of work; cignrs will bo dearer and laundry-teriffs will riso ; s the Chinaman will becomo ng poor and as dear 8 workman as the American, THE SWI8S CONSTITUTION. A correspondent sends us n printed copy of a translation of the Copstitution of Swit- zerland, with a snggestion that it furnishies & model for' a republican government, and at the same timo dispenses with tho office of Tresident. Tho “supreme exacutive and di- recting authority " of the Swiss Confedern- tion is lodged in the Confederate Council, composed of seven members; Lheso -soven nre olected by ths Confedernto Assembly or Congress for a term of threo years. Tho presiding officer in this Confederate Council is the Confederats President, sorving omo yenr. The executive duties of the Govern- ment are divided botween dopartments, over each of which ono of the sevon mombors of the Couneil is placed. Except in nome and in the manner of hia election, there is practically littls or no differ- once between the Swiss Izooutive and the Txeoutive of the Unitod States. The election of the Swiss Executive is made by the Nation. ol Legislaturs; that of tha Uniied Statesis by the peoplo. The jurisdiction and authority of the Excoutive is about the same in both conntries. In Switzerland the porson elected Prosident of the Council of Soven and the porson clocted Vice-Prosident aro practically tho President and Vice-President of the Ro. publio; the only difference is that in Switzor- land the President has to have the condur- rence of threo mombers of the Council in his acts. As tho soven mombess are clectod by the samo party which happens to be in the majority ot tho timo, the Executive is wub. stantially the sams as our Presidont and his Cabinet, The minor dotails of the Constitution are, we suppose, admirably.adapted to a country like Switzerland, whoso population is about the samo as that of the Btate o Iinols. It has comparatively a limited area, and the set- tlements are compnet, and tho population of one lineago and race. But the Conatitution of Bwitzerland would be about as appropriate for the United Statos as it would bo if made the Constitution for tho consolidated States of Europe, including the German and Russian Empires. The strongth of all Governments is tho attachmont of the people to tha forms which have come down to them, and which have been sonctioned by time and usago. The American Constitution may bs amoended and adapted to the new emergonoles and wants whichk time in its progress may suggest; but radical changos, amounting to revolution both of theory and form, will nover strengthen popu- lar revorence for the Government, but by wenkening will oventually destroy it. 'The logislativo branch of the Government 18 of necossity the most sggresaive ; its natural tendenoy is to subordinate all the other branches; and the American people know that the grestest danger to their liborties reats in an unlimited and unrestrained National Asgembly, Thoy have no droad of oxooutive or judicial despotism; the danger isin tho legislative branch, and the popular feeling hns baen, and of late years more de- cldedly so, in favor of restraining and limit- ing still furthor the powers and jurisdiction of tho Nationnl Legislature, They will never consent to merge all other divisions of the Govornment in that of tho Legislaturo. The Inw has its mystorios, though it is the porfection of human wisdom, Joux T, Han- ren was Collector of Internal Revenue for the Eighth District of Illinofs. During his incumbenoy Lio gave three bonds, dated Juno 28, 1869, -Jan. 27, 1870, and May 11, 1873, In 1874 lio proved to be a defaulter, and suit was brought on all these bonds, and not long since the United Btates Attorney took judg- mont by default on all of them. The judg- ments on tho firat and socond bonds were for lirge sums, and on the third bond the sum waa comparatively small, Tho Peoria Zran. aript explaing tho complication that now ex- ists. By the suits covered by thess judg. ments, tho sum due by Hanren to the Gov- ernment woro spread over his whols term and divided up among his thros bonds, whea in fact it should have beon wholly asseased agoinst tho last bond. His sureties on the Inst bond esospe with a judgment cov- ering less than & quarter of the smount justly chargeable to them, while the sureties on the other bonds will probably go free. Motions to set asido tho judgments on the other bonds have been entered, on praof of tha fact that the whole defalcation ooourred aftor the date of the third bond, Tho same papor calls attention to the pro- vious history of this Eighth District, When Hanrzn wes appointed there was turned over to him 107,000 of uncollacted tax, charged ogainst MoCoox, his immediate prodecessor ; and also $600,000 of uncollected tax chargod againat Davin Lrrrven, a formor Collector, Harvren oollooted §50,000 on MoCoox's books, and ‘318,000 on Lrrruxe'a booka § $20,000 of McCOoox's indobtedneas wos abated, and §176,000 of Lrrruen's, The present Col- lactor, therefore, holds a claim for uncollected tax against Lrrrexa of $800,000, and no stop has over been talen to enforce ita colleotion. The Transeript argues that the prosecation of Hanrxa soems vindiotive when compared with the lenloncy shown Lrrrres, but that papor should remember that the claim sgainst Lrrrrxa is for uncollected taxes, while that againet Haurxa is for ocolleoted taxes mot peld over. ] The Cinoinnati Commercial intimates that Qon. Bazsanax's acconnt, In hls memolrs, of the story of his insanity, is not altogether correct, Gon, Smxamax eays that the news- papers ‘“ kept up their game, as though in. atigated by malice, and chlof of them was the Olncinnati Commercial, and that the editor of tho Commercial being called upon by B, K, Ewnio and asked why he should * reiterato such » damaging alander,” the editor * an- swered quite cavallerly that it was one of the nows itams of the day, aud ke had to kesp up with the tinia; bus he would be most hsppy {0 publish any eorrection I mighs make—as though Ieould deny such & walisious plese ot soandal, effeotlug wysdl?,” The siory of BExadiis'd (adanily s Brell Ll _— apparently on good foundations, and vy, not only published in the Chiciy: at Commerciah, but In &l tho pron. nent papers of tho country. i g, printod as an flem of war nows, and iy e most overy onso waa mecompanied by mn;. monts of regret. It was firmly bolisved |, the Union men of Lenisville, with wlom ty, atory originated, and the Northern pr perahad noronson to doubt the authenticily of the story. It seoms a littlo singular, fl_m:fi“ that he should attrlbuto the couric of 13 nowspnpora to malico, and shows that not withstanding his knowledgo and ernericug of men, ho hos a stroak of ensitivenss jy his composition which comes very ncar hoing morbid, Tne Croage TRIBUNE printed (1 nama news, as tho Commercial did, not qe ¢ sonsation but as o very doplorably fact, sad rejoiced whon it proved to be untrue, Balenco and religlon bavs beon haprily tleng, od fu the person of a goutloman who a ylua 1. gy solt ¢ Tho Amerioan Post.” Ilo has, Lo B, invented a now batloon, with now apparatus (¢ 1ts propulsiou, with which ho fatonds sta..ing for Europe 28 suon o# $60,000 shall hiave basg subscribed for f{ta consiruction, IIa Lay wimg Invented = flag, whick can_ beut be describeu iy Lis own words NoT10E.~In dea'going this Nag, 1t waw m7 fnbeti, T il g e 1pon {LI easth—an unectarian banver for the tan Church thronghbuul the ciyilized worl e composod of silk, and i3 tn Lavos wh' {reprosenting purity), aud in the centro ci flold [sto Lbe & gilt croms (roprosenting o:r thon sround tho gilt cross is to be twel each etar torepresent ono of tho Apostics uf thon 1t fu to have just efght stripos, each ritiye in of & Qifercut color, a8 follows : 1sf, light gren white—Jd, rod—iLli, orango—ili, purplo—ith —7th, pink—8th, bius, ke diMerent col-re represout sclence, It isto be bordered witha &Ut fringe, and to have s glided flag-staff, iith o ave, reprosenting peace: thus malingit of all fagy o eacth the most beautiful, boautiful dag | Bat this {s not the limit of Lis taventive pav ors. Alded by Lis balloon, inspired 1y lue i, 1o bas eoared into song, and his muso thy . taina itself in tho deceptive atmoaphero of litvra. turet Teautifal banner of (ke Gross, 1t was carried by tho Apostios, you know, Turough sl thelr trisla of pelf-denlat, ‘Among mortsl men on eartls here below, There i much more of this, but wo morely quote to show the originality of his atyls, Ay things covsidered, the tripio fnvenlor Las tin. doubtedly encountored s bonanza. By rhi‘lful managomont, BArnua can be induacd, pertays, to negotiate for tle balloon; Sergaant Datuy will find tho flag & far more conspiciaus olifves in his tours than the 8.1rs and Btripca. Ay ) the vorses, wo aro not so sanguine of their di. possl. The market s glutted with poome uos, and a8 WaLt Wioraax snd Joaquus MiLLes arg about to publish moro, to follow tho latest cone tributions of WnitTiza snd Wousax Moums, the chancos far the American post are slnler, Poema lihe that just quoted from aro ra.o, en) on the ground of novelty may command A resly sale, They are printed on hoavy yapsr. anli does not tako many of thom to mako a puu.; The London music men sre determinad to make bay whils the sun shines, or, ju other words, to make all thoy can out of Moony and Baxxsy. A promnent Lomdon firma puts out thoe following : AMERIOAN Oxgaxg—Cstitlon.—Wa 4 I tme to warn the public aguinat so-calla {gans, manufactured in London, which Tesented o bo the {ustruments tzed at and B2XxrY's borvices, | Mr, BANKEY §2 this country {s manufariurad by —, of ——, MyrztEn X Thereupon, out comes snother finn ns ful- . it qults re wishi 1t 0 bo understcod, &8 in some qu:r.u- it seem to hava boen, tha thelr Amerlern usad by Mosare, MooDY and BAfxEY ot thed lng meolings, ~Cussieas instrumants tra 1k d in 1manufactore, &c, The London Orchestra, in comtionting nnon this, xays: * In tho ioteres(s of artit intole hoped that, when the domand for Amerivan or gens 1s supplied, Mesars. Moopy anmd Saxear may adapt a pianoforte which will admit of that instrument belng brought prominently forwnid, and the numerous arrangemenis for v uf tlo rovival songs befng duly puffed.” —_—— The present appearanca of tha OlabxDNemo- eratof £t Louis doos not confima the atuto. ment that the Globe hay ewallowed (s Democral 1f this roally was the cage, the former must have tarned itsslt insids out during the oporation, for nothing remaing but the nars to ramiud ono of the past. —_—— POLITIOAL NOTES, Jerrenson Davia' beautiful apostropho ak dremsed to the Stars and Btripon at tho Texse fair would be of mors sccount if he had not scattored aponstrophes about so lberally durlug the War. The bill to abolish chaplsins in B'ate {nstita tions 1s strongly opposed by the Now York papers, It in tho ald Gzamay affair ovar agein, and a rogular part of tho Demucratle po gramme. Baxorx J. Bnrsoxs, the brother of the Bost-n Colleotor, has beon sppointed & stoveliceper the Custom-House mainly on Burwin's rocom: mondation. The flerco war of Emumoxs of Burren just bofore the lsst elootion will bt remombered. Thoe Philadelphis Zimes is an Indepeudeni nawapaper nono too fond of ssying f goad word for tho Republican party. Anything of the kiud proceoding from it must be inspired ovly by s strict regard for trnth and duty, Iteaxe: ** Pouue sylvania Is undoubtedly s Republican Btate to- day on a full vote bonestly polied In accordance with the political convictions of the poople.” A Washington corrsspondent who uas soms ° reputation for exact information aud preclit statoment writes that Secrotary BraATont frionds will pot rest quletly undor the impu: tations made fn Gon, Bmrnxax's biok. "It faot," writes tho corzexpondent, "*Biemma¥ I not & Republicsn to-dsy, and he thinks meanly of ‘an Abolitionist’ a3 he did twauty yosrs ago, when hs waa an spoloplet fob slavery.” The Democratie Connell of Indisnnpolls, de- termined to outdo ituclf, has begun » genors roduction of salaries, to take affaat whou tht new Republican Administration comca in. 4 proposition to reduco the salary of tle Mayo! from 3,500, the amount paid the Democrati incumbent, to $2,000 for the Bepublincn Afsy elact, meets with mnoh favor. Tha Journaluayh that if the Democratio Mayor is worts $3,600, the Ropublican wonld ba worth nbous § 15,000, Tho Memphis Appeal is boconingly gratoful for Tux Trinuxa's tostimony to the ne depar- ture in Bouthera affairs, snd says is mi ht Liave haan given five yeara ago but for the lutetvens tion of the carpet-baggers. The Appeal filla ont 18 aditorial arsiole and completes ita csso with & fow deanltory remarke in quotation markn, which theunguarded reader is in danger of attibuting to Tgx Tmraoxs, but which aze indubitably taken from the spescl of soms fize-eating oratof of the Bouth, The Bpringfield Republioan, whose oph:lon of party aftalrs s sspecially valuabls, decidos thas the sotlon of Clov. Waszox and his asscalstes ia soasing the Demoorstio Banators was wors than sorime. **1i was o blunder—s ely flle ‘tlcaed and atupld blunder st that, which ths New Hampabire Democrsts and the o large will b very sorry for presently." The frath is, thas the harsh and partisan procesdiog of Gov. Wastox was amost fortunste tbing for tbo lie publican pariy in the Blate. Pr-Benstor Canvaxizs has sddressed o card to the Aliwankes News, in which L zefesi to the “ewspeper clsmor ovar bis sppearsnoe io Je- fouse of the Whisky Ring. He sonouness that he {8 praciiciog law, and vegerde it a8 s duty to