Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 5, 1875, Page 4

a TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. U £X3 OF SUNKCRIPTION (TATARLE IN ADVANCE). Weakly, 1 iva canlod. e S 100 S13:801 Parteof a yosr at th WANTED--Une active Bpacis Arrtagementa ma nt roe. d mistakes, be surs and give Post. fncluding Atato and County. Ren.{itancesmay bamade aithorby draft, express, Poat- ©fLco arder, or in reglstared lotters, at nur rbk, TRRMA TO CITY SUDSCRIDERY, Daily, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 conta perwoek, Dally, delivered, Bunday {ncluded, 30 cents per weok. THR TRIBUN COMPANY, Uhleago, 1l TO'DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. HOOLRY'S THERATRE~Randolnh street, hetwean Qlark and LaSallo, Hiporson's Minstrols. Altsrnoonand svening. M'VIORKR'S THRATRE-Madlsan strest, botwosn Destborn and Btate, Engagemont of the Parisian Opeors-Bonfle Troups s ** Usrofle-Usrofla.™ AOADRMY OF MUSIC~{lalsted atroot, batwaen Mad- toon and Monros. Eogagomentof the Kmily Boldeno Troups. ** Ohlpa ADRLPHI THEATRE—Dearborn atrest, cornar Mon= sos. Varloty Katortainment. Alternoon and ovening. McCORMICK. ITALI—North Clark steost, cornez Kin. #le, Couoert Ly Josso Shepar BXPOSITION BUILDING~Lakeshors, foot of Adsms steat, Rabibitfon of Vaintiogs. FIRSPRRIA LODGYK, No. dil, A.T. & A, M.—Rega. anication Wdnordny ‘evening, Bins 8. Work ’fifuf:"?mrs Degroa, Vilting brotlien cordiafly iavitod. i onde of Ubat, it Hsonat, W TRSTER, Seo's. ——— BUSINESS NOTICES. 8, WHO ONLY NEED A CPIR- letioa fa rondar then as boautifyl as sipould fatlow (ho nxainple.of tiiele who owa to the Gto of ** Latrd's {x otoment vl reliod lovalinoss, RURAT: tatn delicacy of 1h9 fairast clty CAUTION TO MOUSERKEPERS,—OWINGTO THE { vanilia boans aesd. Tt the manuiacturo y e oatiti, bt Yarpurtiog . This nauscat- i, spurions compoin upou e ma a Tk principally from Tonqna beans, tituto costa tho manufscturer leta than one. twentiatn partadmnch aatho renuine vanills bosn, it San rondiiy s dofected by Itn odor. T 19 wsod brinclp Uy tobaceonista fur perfiming snufl and cigars, and was nover {ntonded tobo used sua flavoring tor the variona mrod_for tho human stomiach. 1 1 peapared from selucted ranilia beans, edcntiroly froe irom Tonqus or othoer cas, Hurnett's The Chivage Tribune, Wednosdsy Morning, May 5, 1875. Aguin Popo Prus IX. is ill and under the trentment of physicians, and the nttention of all Christendom will bo centered upon the daily health bulletins from Rome. Crop roports from various parts of Wiscon. sin indicate that the recent cold weather did very littlo dnnage to grain. The general tenor of the dispatches show that tho less hardy fruits hava received o sovere check, if they have not been ontircly out off, by the unseasonablo frost. From a roundsbout sourco comes tho statemont that ex-Senator Pratr, of Indians, has accepted the tender by President Gnast of the office of Commigsioner of Internal avenue, now filled by Mr. Dovorass, whoso resignntion or removal has not hitherto been mentioned in connection with Cabinet rumors. Lnke freights wore dull and nnohanged. Tlour was in bLotter demand and stendy. Wheat wag less nctive, and declined 1je, closing nt $1.03] cash, and £1.06} for June. Corn was dull and declined 1ie, closing at 7430 cnali, and 7ijo for Juno, Oats woro netive, and declined 1¢, closing nt 62jc for May, and 63j¢ for June. Ryo was quict at $1.07. Barloy waa quict and firm at $1.30@ 1.32, Oh Salurdny evening last there wns in stora and nfloat in this city 4,779,783 bu wheat, 4,003,731 bu corn, 703,807 bu onts, 2,631 bu ryo, and 48,248 bu barley. Mogs were quict and easy. Sales chiefly at 37.70 @7.85. 'Tho eattlo market was dull at un. changed prices, Bheep wero in light demand and ruled wenk, The Civil-Rights law has received in Texas n construction which seems to fairly and ox- plicitly define the rights of the colored peo. ple under the lIaw, and which places them on an equal footing with sll the rest of mankind, giving thom neither moro nor less privileges. ‘The United Statea Judgo in the East Distrlel of Texas, in his chargo to tho Grand Jury, in cffcet instyucted them that, while railrond compnnies, hotels, and theatres might exercise discrimination nsto tho social atatus of tho negro, just rs they would dlscriminnte Do- tweon differont people of the Caucasinn race, an absoluto refusal of the accommodations of nn ino, a theatre, or a railroad car, on account of race, color, or provious condition, would Do punishable under tho Civil-Rights law. A North Corolins Judge, on the other hand, belioves the Iaw to bo unconstitutional in its criminal aspect. The value of tho solar parnllax, stated in Tne Trinoxz of Mondny lnst, viz.; 8.870 soc- onds of arc, is oquivalent fo o mean dis- tance of 23,230 times the enrth's mean equa. torinl radius, or 92,061,000 wiles, If this bo the correct distance, thon tho mass of the sun is vory nenrly 819,000 times that of the enrth plus the moon; or 322,900 times the mass of tho earth alone. Tho New York Tridune gives the distanco corresponding to the above parallax as 91,900, 000 miles. Tho renson for this differonce is probably the fact that it lLes token anold valio of tho earth’s rading as the mensuring rod, Recent exhaustivo comparisons of all tlio measures of ares of tho meridian made on the carth’s surfaco prove to the satisfac- of lending nstronomers that the earth’s mean cquatorial radius is 3962.915 ... milea; which gives the distaneo we hove siated in tho first paragraph, THE ORAIN TRADE, For sovernl years tho tendency of tradehns been to mnke Chicago n grain market, in- stead of a grain warehouse, whence grain was sent to New York to be sold on account. The timo has been when the grain and flour and provisious accumulated here were forwarded to Enstorn markets to be sold on sccount of shippers in Chicago. The provision trade, lowever, passed beyond that point soveral years sgo, nnd Chicago is now tho market where those who want to buy provisions come with their money, and directly or through brokers mnko their purchases. The samo change is rapidly toking place in the grain trade. Tho shipmonts from Chicogo to be sold on account of shippers are gradually diminishing, and this city is becoming the market in Bowe significanco is nttached to tho com- ( which purchnses aro to bo made. Tho time position of tho Grand Jury for the May torm | has gone by when thero was but one market of the Criminal Court, which, it nppears, was | for brendstuffs. Montrenl, Boston, Philadel. impaneled by the Sheriff, and not sclocted by | phia, and Baltimore, have becoms ports for the Board of County Commissioncrs, ns tho | the export of grain; esch of theso cities Lins low dirccts, Tt s thought that the Sherifl's | o foreign trado, with regular lines of steam. selactions of jurors have beon influonced by | ers. Each of these cities has become Inrge the fact that the acta of two of his subordi- | purchasers, and naturally come to Chicago nates aro to bo investigated, and it is not un- | with their money and wako their purclinses likely that a now panel will bo orderod by | Liere. ‘Iho grain trade, therofors, instead of Judge Boorm. Leing n mere shipmont henco on ncconnt of — = shipper, is settling down, liko the provision Bir. Ricuanos, the brother of Mra. TrLTON, | trade, into a permanent market Lers. The yesterdny explained the renson of his failuro | capital necessaryto handlo tho grain products to testify beforo the Plymouth Committee. [ of tha Northwest is concontratiug here Mo states that he wns notified beforehand | and incrensing rapidly, and the timo. is by Taacr that ho would bo askod |not far distant when breadstuffs will by the Committeo whethor his sistor had | bo shipped from Chicngo nlmost ex- to him over confessed adultery; that, | clusively to fill ordors or tomupply nctual ‘under the belief that Tmaey's information | purchases, Nor will this trado bo confined to was true, and, not desiring to give testimony | the breadstuffa actually receivod in storo in on this point, and, being nassured by Tnact | (i city; it will include the great bulk of the that a refusal to answer the question wonld grain put on cars ot various points all over La construed as an aflirmation that such a | tho Wost and owned in Chicago, and which confossion hind been mado, Ricmanps kept | will Lo sold on track, and forwarded by either away from the Committee, of the great lines to tho East, or brought here A and sent by water to Montrenl or Now Yorlk, The County Roard, at its meeting on Mon- | Ghicago wns ono of the flrst, it not thefirst, Iay night, adopted a resolution that tho Com- | of the lurge citios? to recovor from the scarcity aitteo on Publio Chiritics ho instrugted 40 | of currency in the paio of 1878, and it was 1scortain how much money has been recoived largely due to tho millions of dollars of cur- from the Warden of the Toor.liouso and In. rency forwarded Lero to purchase breadstufly tane Asylum during tho lost fifteen months, | and provisions. Whatover elso failed, tho do- and from what sources. In view of tha dis- | yand and the necessity for brend and provis- tlosures which havo Leen made concerning | jons was imporative. the management of the Poor-Tlonso, it is a - Hittlo remarkable that the Committoo was uot MONEY AND CURRENCY, aleo instructed to discovor how muck monoy | Tho Oincinonti Knquirer ngroes with Pro- hag boen expended upon tho Poor-Houso and | tection Kerrer, that the great cause of pov- Insine Asylum and how it has been ex- | orty at the Bouth is the scarcily of money,— yended, that {8 to say. that thero are not greenbacks enough in circulation, Tho Enguirer makes two nssertions,—~ouo of fact and ono of ‘The Pennsylvania conl war has asenmed o shoso which threntons to precipltato n crisls #ithin a fow days. Ona of the mast powar- wul of the mining corporations hns given no- doo that, unless the siriking miners resume dogma,—and both in emphatio language. They are as follows: 1, It would be almost impossible for one of tho latter (Wostorn farmers) to obtaln ac- commodations for o yesr at one of our Cin- cinnatl banks upou real estate security short of 14 per cent, and for less than a year,thoy don't want it. 5 2, 'There isasmuchnecessity formore money in 1875 than was needed in 1865, an there ia for mora corn belug raised in 1875, It is re. marknble that thero are men so stupid as not — to bo ablo to comprohend the simple el- Court procesdings in connection with the | cMcntary truth. notion to ccnt(uughn injunction to pravent | | Tho want of monoy is an universal onc, At vork by Thursday, pumping operations vill be discontinued, and the mines will be llowed to il up with water; whilo, in an- ither cnse, tenants of dwollings bolonging to bs operators have been notified to vacate rithin ten dnys. Everytling indicates the srobability that the troubles hetwoon the ttrikers and tho operators are ropidly op- roaching a orisis. o oanvassing of the returns of tho recent | e South at this timo it i general ; but tho | sllot-box stulling wore omowhat compli. | ¥out of money thoy experience at the South nted yestorday by reason of the nction of | 18 Rot from any searolty of curroncy, bat the ihe Common Council in disobeying the tem- | B0%0nca of anything thoy can exchange for it. porary injunction, and the greator part of Any man at tho Bonth who has cotton, grain, tho dsy was consumed in arguments upon | °F oattlo to sell, can find all the cnrvency tochnical points of law, There having been neoded for that purpose. The suffering that roceived by the Court mo official | I8 eXPerienced theve fs the absenco of means aotiflantion of the proosedings of the Coun- | 1@ Purchiase. Labor i not employed ; pro- til Monday night, no action was taken by duction is limited ; thers is no immigration, Judgo Wirrmaus yesterday in reference to | DUt ® Iarge emigration of labor; thoro s a the digregarding of the injynction, and the falling off in trade, and the transportation only new phass of the matter was the filing | COMPanica aro not paying expenses, The local of o sapplomental bill by the potitioners, in | tA%es are enormous, and thoses of the General which tho Olty of Chicago, na well as the | GOVornment conflscating, The main trouble, Common Council, i# made o pasty to the pc- | DOWever, ls that the white people will not tlon. work, and the colored peoplo will not worle without componsation. The landlords hold The Chicago produce marketa ‘were gener. | their lands, and are too poor and too proud aly weak yestorday, with less doing. Aless | to work thom, pork was active and 40c per brl lower, clos- | Suppose, howevor, that the United Statos ing flvm at §21.65 cash and $21.85 for June, | should fssue five hundred millions of dollars wad aolive, and declined 200 per 100 | more of greonbacks, how are those poople, or s, closing at 816.40 cash, and $15.55 for | the peopla of tho Nerth, to got thom? The June, Moats were quiet and easler, at 83@ | Tressury of the Unitod Status can't lend 8}o for shoulders, 11j@11jo for short ribs, | money on mortgege, nor discount notes. a0d 12@13}c for short clears, Highwines | How would the lucroaso of Tyesury notes ‘ware quiab and atesdy ab §1.14 per gallon. | plaos money in the baodaof poopls who THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY. MAY 5, 1875. e e Lave nono, and who have nothing to ex. chango forit ? If the snffering nt the South was morely for tho wnnt of currency to fneiti- tate the exchanges, enrroncy woulld flow thero in abundanca, But tho waut at the South is of commodilies to excliange. Wo regrot to know that farmers in Ohio nre A0 dreadfully situnted that they cannot bor- row money on morigages at less than 15 per cent. That is a serious hardship; but how ia it duo to n mearcity of currency rather than to a senreity of monoy,~—using tho latter woril in the senso of uninvested capital? Monoy representscapital secking investment ; fssuing more currency will not of jtself increaso the nmount of money in the hands of indisidunls. Tho Trensury will not part with it except for an equivalent, and any ono who has tho equivalent can find all the cur- roncy ho needs for any business operation. Until Mr. Kesrey and the Enquirer can explnin how the people who have no monoy nro to got some when the increase of notes tnkes plnco, there will of eourso bo people so stupid as not to bo able to understand how it is to be don MRS, TILTON'S LETTER. The npplication of Mrs, TiLoN to Judge Neivrson, on Monday last, requesting him to publicly read a letter from her bearing upon the caso on trinl, besides boing an extra-judi- cial proceeding of a very remarkablo chiarne- ter, presents that Indy in n very pitinblo light, Tt is impossiblo to beliove that Mrs, Tiuton has taken this stop upon her own motion. It benrs the imprint of legal strategy upon it so unmistakably ns to convey tho impression that it wasdevised by some of tho connsel for the defense, and, if it wore, it would not re- quire n shrowd guesserto tracathe nuthorship of thisspecious schemo for manufacturing pub- licopinion and producing a pressure upon tho jury to Messrs, Sneanyay aod Traoy. Judg- ing the latter gentleman by the manper in which he treated Mr. Trrrox, it would not serionaly interfore with his legal scruples to arrauge this littlo sceno for Mrs. TrLToN; and s Mrs, Tinrox, from first to lnst, has boen but n shuttlecock between the proseen- tion and tho defenso, and n plinnt agent in the hands of thoe latter, it is very natural that she should lend herself to this schemo, The aggravation of this proceeding lies in the fact that, if Mrs. Trzron had anything pertinent to say, she should have been called a3 o witness by the dofense. So long as there wns a probability that tho Court wonld exclnde hier as n witness, it was very industriously given out that the de- fonse would call her to the stand ; but ag soon as it beenme apparent that tho Court would admit her evidenco, then the defenso announced that thoy should not eall her. The ronson for this ns a matter of policy was good enough, for Mrs, TiLToN lias equivoecated and contradicted herself in her statements and hor actions to that degree which would leave her in a sorry plight after cross-examination, and plunge the elaborate theories of the defonse into irremedinblo confusion, The result of this wns to creato an unfavorn- ble impression thronghout the country, and to convince peoplo that the defense were afraid to call her; and, to counteract this, tho wily stategists for Mr, Beeoncn scem to have hit upon this plan (r. Evarts himsclf aflirming that he had no kmowledge of it), "This letter embraces, first, an appeal on Mrs, Tirron'’s part to the Court to bo heard in defonso of her own character; second, a protest against the injastice of tho failure of cither sido to call her; and, third, o solomn and pathetic assertion of her innoconce, s well ns o damaging imputation against her husband. By this protty littlo schome, she would, in the first place, establish an assumption ot least of her innoconeo by protesting againat the rofusal to call her to the witness stand; and, in the second place, sha would bring before the jury a declara- tion of ler innoconce, without being sub- jectod to cross-cxamination. Thoe diplomats, whether counsel or frionds, who arranged this scheme, of course knew that, if the Court should accode to her request and rend this letter, which could not be questioned by the prosccution, except to take an exception to the extro-judicial character of the pro- ceeding, ita contonta would produce a marked impression upon the jury and projudico their verdicts. They also reasoned, un. doubtedly, that, if the Court shonld re- fuse to read it, then Mrs, TrrTox would ap- pear in tho rols of s suppliant seoking to vindicato herself, and refused tho opportunity both by tlhe counsel in the case and the Court itself, and thus creato a wide.sprond sym- pathy for herself, The Court very consistontly declined to read it until time had boon nfforded to nscer- tain its choracter and its legal Learings, and it hns now ronched the publio through the press, and not as part of tho record of the caso, Mr. BoweN, who has not been called by cithor side, might with equal propricty writo a lotter to tho Conrt, to be rend in publie, giving his views and opiniona of tho caso, nnd a statoment of the faots in Lis possession ; or Mrs. Woopnorr, might write one of her skillful etatomonts of the case, and requost it to be rend before the jury. Should eithor of them do it, however, it would bo looked upon as a pieco of gratuitous impudence, Asitstands, Mms, Tizron’s case is o pitinble one. Thore is utill nn opportunity left for the defenso to call her, If thoy do, she must undergo crogs-examination, If thoy do not, then she is rofused a hearing and an opportonity to vindicate herself, since hor evidence would cover the ground of her alleged eriminality with Mr. Beeones, ‘The fact, however, that sho bas not been called, and that sho hos mado an attempt to got her statoments be- foro tho jury, oither shows that her counsel were cruel in refusing to call her, or that some one haa concocted this scheme for the purpose of manufacturing sympathy. The Common Council on Monday night, acting under the advico of the Corporation Counsel and other nitorneys, voted to can- vass the returns of the so-called election on tho charter on the 28d of April last, The Corporation Counsol advised the Aldermen that the injunction hod not been legally grantod, and that it would not bo a contempt of Court to canvass the vote. The Council, after some consideration, followed the ad- vico, bub then, in order to leave themselves free to roconsider, adjourned the meoting for & fow days, Bhould it, upon further consid. eration, be found that the Council had troat. ed the injunction with contempt, the action can bo reconsidered, ‘We think tho procceding of the Common Council an unfortucate one. 'Thero is no hurry for the charter. The canvassof tho vote could be delayed a week without injury to any intorest, Nor can the Oity Govern- mont afford to treat tho courls with indig. nity, even if there bs no technical contempt., ‘The courts are entitled to respect, oupaclally from the City Government, When the Board of Aldsyrmen sducato the mob to traat ihe courts of law with contompt, and to disre- gord judicial ordors and process, how long will it Lo hefore tho samo mob will turn upon tho Aldermon, and, if necessary, tumble thom Tiend and heels out of the Council Chamber ? This is A government of law, or it is a gov- ernment of the mob, 'Thero can bo no mid- dis ground. Obedienco to law and obedience to the constituted authoritiea is the solomg duty of every citizon, and no man can by word or act urgo any other conduct withont inviting the destruction of his own with tho libertica of tho public. 'The Common Conn. cil might woll have waited & fow dnys the action of the Conrton the question of the continuance of the injunction. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENOE, Thera Ia an Association for the Reform and Qodifiention of the Law of Nations, which hos & membership.dist neatly na long as it name, and has really dono 8 good deal, during its short life, {o bring order out of confusion, and to remodel tho law of nations in accord- ance with the dictates of an advanced civili- zation. Tt s flattering to our national pride to know that n goodly number of the mem- bers are Americans, nlthough the fact ia prob- ably hurtful rathor than helpful to tho Asso- clation. Our interests ave so widely sepo- rated from those of Luropo that suggestions coming from this sido of the water are npt to recoive seant deferenco. The series of quostions which My, Daviv Duprey Fizeo submitted to the preliminary meeting of the Amorican Committee, n fow days ngo, shows that tho meeting of the Association at The Hogue, noxt Bop- tember, will be ono of espocinl interest. The questions to be discnssed at that timo ara divided into five groups. Tho first relates 1o the ways and means of reducing the stand- ing armies of Europe. This matter is of primo importance, for theso armies threaton the penco of the world, and greatly diminish its wealth by turning some millions of young and healthy men from productive into unpro- ductive consnmers, ‘The second group takes up the advisability of requiring certain for- malitios and delays in commencing an offen- sive war. The third concerns arbitration. Practicable plans for it are asked for. Tho fourth treats of tho progress of the past year towards national digarmament and interna- tionnl arbitration, 'Who Hith has to do with collisions at sea, and makes inquiry concorn- ing the 'ndvissbility of establishing interna~ tional courta {o take cognizance of such cases, and tho proper organization of such courts. T'helist of Amorican delegates to The Hague Conference is hended by tho name of ox-Pres- ident Woorseyr, There aro a dozonin all, nnd others are to bo ndded. The meeting will continue during tho first week of Septembor. THE CARPET QUESTION. The carpet manufacturers of England have generally decided not to have their manufao- tures represonted at the Philadelphi Centon- nial Exposition, becanse, while invited to ex- hibit their carpots, they are practically pro- hibited by Iaw from selling theirgoods in this country. : This proceeding in to bo regretted. It is truo that our legislation lacks wisdom,—is oven deflciont in ordinary policy,—but tho American peoplo are the grent sufferers, and not the English manufactarers, Tho Chinese for mnny conturios enjoyed the Inxury of ex- cluding tho barbarians, and suffored nothing produced by foreign lands to onter their Ewmpire, Finally, Mongolinn obtusoness yiclded, nnd intercourss and commerce with othber nations was pormitted. As Chinese ignornnce gave way to intel ligonce, tha United States took up the abandoned Chineso policy; the Congross has beon fourteon yenrs legislating to provent our peoplo producing any moro than they ean cousnmo, o that they can bave nothing tosell, and thereforo bo nnablo to purchase anything produced outs!do of this country. This policy has been oxponsive. It has prob. ably cost tho poople of the United Btates soy- oral hundreds of millions of dollars annually ovor and nbove tho revenue recoived by tho Governmont to build up the exclusive pol- icy. The long offort to make that policy permanent has bankmpted soveral iudus- trics, and has retarded production, nnd yot has mensurably failed. The American peoplo are robbed on an aversgo of their surplus carnings; wo manufacture less raw material per head of the population, and still the home market is horridly stagnant, Oarpots are comparntively an Amorioan ne- ceasity, In this country thoy are of general use; in Europo their use is comparatively oxceptional. Hero thore are fow dwellings that are not in part carpeted, and, where this is not thoe caso, it is an evidence of oxtreme poverty, During the year 1873-"4 thero wero imported into the United States foreign carpeta na follows: Sy —_— . Aubusson and Axminstor] § 162,058 $2.00] $ 90 Drussels carpet wrought] Dby iho Jacquard wa ) P sunsl 148 e 2,099,300) 90, 8y 17,000 it n1 a0 1ol 88 Baxony and 95,604} 2.10] 1,31 THere was an aggrogate of nearly 3,000,000 of yards of carpots imported in a single year, 1m the faco of a rate of duties ranging from 406 to nearly 80 por cent in gold. This tax was, however, go far ns it was collested on these carpots, rovonne to the Government, and produced sbout $2,150,000, which was paid into the Trensury. But this tax was not levied to produco revenue; it was to exclude these carpets, and forco the poople to pur- chaso tha inferior article produced in thia country, English Brussols tapestry, which is of tho grade most extonsively used in this country, cost 50 cents a yard; tho tax was 53 contd a yard, making $1.48; promium on gold, 18 conts; importor's profits, . eto., 50 conts, ‘Thaking an aggregato of over -/ $2 per yard at wholesalo prico, The corresponding nrticle produced in this country could, of course, bo sold for much Jess ; but this tax allowod & margin of over a dollar & yard, in which mnargin the homo mianufaoturors worked up as high as thoy could. Tho result was, that under cover of this prohibitory tax, the American mannfacturors collected from 60 to 80 centas yard more for their carpets than they could afford to soll them for and would have had to soll thom for had there beon no such tax, As the importation of English carpets is but trifling corpared with tho galo of American carpets, tho purchasers of the many millions of yards of the latter wore taxed this 50 to 80 cents a yard, which tax did not go to the CQovernment, That is the way the paople are taxod to sustain tho home market, The effcct, however, has been disaatrous on the carpet makers. The immense bounty of fered by the law to carpet mnkers naturally 1¢d thom to over-production ; theymade more carpots than wore wanted, sud after the firat sales the patterns hecame old and unsalable and the stock dopreciated. To got xid of this stock they had to closs their mills, thelr operatives, and sell the carpets for what they could got, somotimon nt a losa. In the meantime, the English carpotis, with the now pattorns, tako possession of tho market and ara gold despite the enormous tax which wns intended to keep thom out, The consuners, howevor, have to pay tho enormous tax to support the manufacturors of American car- pols, who are periodically bankrupt, and un. able to pay Jiving wagos to the labor thoy em- ploy. Roally, the American peoplo, and not the Pritish manufacturers, are the victims of our protoctive policy. It is to bo regrotted that they will not bring to Philadelphia n com- plote stock of their carpets, and, placing it rlongside of tha carpota of tho Philadelphin mills, give tangible evidenca of the superiori- ty of tho earpet which they can deliver at 00 conts s yard to the Philadelphia carpet for which the Amorican people are compolled by law to pay from $1.50 to $1.80 per yard. STARVING INDIANS. The condition of the Indiana at the Wichi- in and Fort 8ill Agoncies {s a shameful and disgracoful commentary upon the ndministra. tion of affaira at thoso posts, The nows pub- lished from theso sgencies comoa in the sliapo of dispatohes to the War Dopartmont, and is thoroforo official and relinble, Itis the old story over agnin, only it is the old story in a new and more aggravated form, Lieut..Col. Haton, of the Fourth Cavalry, reports that tho ration allowed by the Indian Department, congisting of 8 pounda of beef (gross on hoof) onedoy in fifteen, 7 of a pound of bacon issued in liou of beef, flour or brend 4 ponnd to the hundred rations, 4 pounds coffeo, B pounds sugar, 1 pound solt, 1 pound soap, and § pound tobacco, was established when the Indinn was able to sup- port himeself by hunting, and, without help, that it is barely sufficiont to keop him from hanger. DBut even this scanty ration bos not all been jssued. There is no flour at either agency, and no sugar, snd the beo? issued 108 been unfit for use foralong time. It seems almost a wasto of time to call atten. tion to this outrageous conduct of affairs, Protest hns beon made over and over again, but it has always been fruitless, Indian Agents continue to plunder with im- ponity, snd now that they aro en- goged in the business of starving Indians we presumo thoy will ba allowed to continuo tho process with impunity, and if the Indians grow at all restive, or make any protest against being starved to death, that these Agents will hastily call for troops, and that the call will be promptly honored. Gen. Porr's view of tho matter ia torsoly stated in his dispatch to the Adjutont-Genoral of the Army: ‘Itis idlo to expect that these In- dinns will remain penceably upon thoir resor- vations with tho prospect of starvation in doing so. So long s this maladministration of affairs with theso Indians exists, the mili- tary nuthorities cannot be, and will not con. sont to be, held accountnble for any outbreal which may occur on their part.” At the samo time, it does soem o littlo ungratefal on the part of the Indians to objoct to being starved, and thus provont the Indian Agents from putting ono-third of the value of the rations in their own pockots, This is one of the blensings of civilization, ‘the benef- icence of which has not yet dawned upon his benighted mind, but may at some future time when education has developed him, pro- vided any of them are loft to bo educated after this starving process. Bhould they some dny, Lowover, by accident or design, obtain the sealps of theso thieving Agents, deplorable os the ovent might bo from the Agonts’ point of view, wo fancy the intelli- gones would be roccived throughout the country with equanimity, however much it might display & sad lack of the proprities and humanities upon the Indian's part. MECKLENBURG AND ALAMANCE, North Carolina will not give up hor bellof in the authenticity of the BDlecldonburg Doclaration of Indopendence, The moro it is nttacked, tho more it is defended. Nobody in the State has a shred of respoct for Troxas JuvrensoN left, and the native press quotes the two Declarations in parallel columna to show how the Philadelphin ons is plagiarized from the other,—oblivions, apparently, of the fact that the only thing proved is plaginrism, nnd that this would more naturally be attrib- uted to the Meaklenburgers of a century ago than to Jervemsow, A rocent writer, Gen, Braorry T. Jounson, tries to etrongthen the dubions clnims of tha North Caroling scroed by assorting that tho resolutions were drawn up by a Dr. Eranarx Brevanp, a graduate of Princeton Collogo ; that they were dis. discussed during a whole night by the ‘ Rogulators,” and unanimously adopt- ed on the morning of May 20, 1775 ; and that they wero proclaimed in the morning by Col. Tnomas Porx. All this givea an air of circumstantinlity to the story, but it is moro assortion, Morcover, Gen. JomN. 80N gives » now vorsion of the rosolutions, 'Tho evidence against the authonticity of the Mecklonburg Declaration, which we roviewed o fow dnys since, Is almost conclusive. It is announced, howover, that papers in the En- glish archives at London show that the British Government recoived tho alleged Declaration long before Jeerenson laid his draft before the Continental Congress. If these papors renlly exist, thoy should be disfnterred forth- with, Bat the Mocldenburgers will colebrate ot any roto, This is just as well. The more centonnials tho boiter, Each one seems to knit tho nation togother moro firmly. Qen. JonnsoN's lottor contains a very in. toresting skotch of the “*Dattlo of Alamance,” which §s ono of tho memories resurrected In this contennial time, It roally sooms to have ‘been & good doal of abnttle, Its causes be. gan to work openly on Oct, 10, 1766, when a mesting of delegates from differont parts of Orange County formed au assoclation under the name of Regulators, and resolved that #we pay no moro taxes until we are satisfled thoy aro agrecoblo to law . . unloss we cannot help it or aro forced.” In 1770, Gov. Tayox boilt himself a house, and laid a tax topay forit in 1771, The Regulators re. fused to pay. Troopa wero ordered out. Gov. Tryon's roport of the ensuing battle is the only ono extant, but it shows that tho rebals fought well, o had about 1,100 reg- ulars, * with two fiold-pleceafor Gen, Gaax,” and the robels, according to his story, num. bered 2,000. Thoy *'took to treo-fighting and much annoyed the men who stood by the guns,"—annoyed them so0 mnok, in fact, that the artillery was silenced, and a bayonet- charge hiad to be mndo to clenr the woods, Tho Americans fnally retreatod, with a loss of 20 killed, a number wounded, and some prisoners, The English loss was 70 Lilled and wounded. After this battlo by Alamancs River, Gov, Tayox took his prison. ers to Hillsboro', whore he had already col. leoted the Royal Judges. A trinl was had; twelve Regulators were capitally eonvioted; andaixof them were hungon the 10th of Juns. Their blackened bodies swung in chalns for miohtha, This savage waraing kept the couns try quiot until 1775, After that, it was the constant scone of somoof tho blaodieat fight- ing of tho Rovolution. Lord CorNwaiLis, writing from Charlotte, which claims to have been the birthplace of the Mccklenburg Dec. laration, said: * Charlotta is au ngrooable village, but ina d—a robellions country,” INJUROTIONS FOR INFANTS, ‘Thero is an univorsity at Bloomington, in thia Stato, The institution is equipped with the usnal comploment of sociolies staggoring under many-syllabled Greok names, and de- votod to training the youth of the university in the grent American arts of gush, intriguo, and politica. The college year is now near {tsend. The woolly dobates had moitled all tho questions of the universs and the pot orators yearned for something now. Tho gods provided it. A youth by the namo of Sy orgsnized n now socioly. Now Sarrn was President of one of the old oncs, It dosn 1ot clenrly apponr why his offico should have provented hLis starting balf-n-million new Jeagues, it he wanted to, Grock nnmes aro cheap; the existenco of many rocicties gratifies the student's penchant for cover- ing his vest with bitsa of glittering brass; and the Poluphloisboiothalasses, the Aiphaomega, and the like, only serve to stimulate enoh other into a cortain ghostly resemblance to life. But Ssrrn's comrades thought otherwise. Thoyorgnanized & High Court of Impeachment, stopped play- ing marbles and peg-top to play Judges, and wera making short work of tho alloged cul- prit whon something happened. Tha wily Syt had interviewed Judge TreroN, and that functionary had solomnly enjoinod each and oll of tho members of the What-d'ye-call- it Bocioty to let up on Burrm, give the young man s ohance, and generally keep still until lig, Trrzon, had heard all about it. Such was the purport of the formidable legal document which n Deputy-Sheriff, cscorted by the triumphant 8sars, delivered into the hands of the seared Court of Impeachment, The boys, not having heard of the intended action | of Chicngo’s Commeon Council, did not daroto disobey., Enach younth folt tho clutch of the law on his individunl shoulder, and a vision of prison bars, with a crying mamma ontside, flashed ncross his mind. Baarn's victory was complete. Now thnt tho sphere of injunction hns been extended to the schools, whero will itstop? As there are, on n modernto esti- mate, somo 4,000 college socioties in the country, it is evident that a new class of courts will hiave to bo formed to take cogni- zance of this flood of cascs. ¢t is the part of n good Judge,” says the old Inw.mnxim, “to amplify his jurisdic- tion.” Judge TrrroN has followed this maxim, Ho doubtless had good reasons of his own for interfering in a boyish squabble, bot at this distanco they do not appear. Even if tho Kai-Gar-Lambdn associntion had first consurod and then expelled tho offending Sarrn, his punishment would not havo been appalling. Men havs lived with tolerable comfort without belonging to the K.-.G.-L., and thon Barrm bnd a brand-nbw soclety of his own to fall back upon, besides his in. alienable right as an American colloge-boy to start three moro per wook, as long as tho Greek dictionary holds out., el St — ‘WHY THE POST-OFFICE DOES NOT PAY, Ono of the most regular things in Amer- jean history is the annual recurrence of a de- ficiency in the Post-Office rovenunes. On the other hand, the English Post-Offico rolls up a surplus of $25,000,000 or 30,000,000 every year., 'The differonce has ofton been used to discredit our mothods of managoment, and moro than one seribbling snob bas mada it tho basis for n swoeping sttack upen the wholo fobric of hia snd our Governmont, Now, this discrepancy hns o perfectly plain and singularly simple reason. Tho mail- sorvice of England covers a country of less ex- tent than Dlinois, Manifold advantages resnlt from this. The cost of carrisge is vory much loss; inspection can be thoroughly and cheaply done; fewer men are noeded to por- form the samo amount of distribution; and tho opportunitics for chenting, by atraw- bids, etc., are vory much less, Who is to know, with us, whether the mail-servicoon a solitary atage-ronte through Arizona snge- brush is well and cheaply done? The Post- master-General of Great Britain has no such diffioulties to contend with, The postal service of Ilinofs, considered spart from the rest of the country, doubtless pays, and pays well. This is true, in fact, of the wholo North, enst of tho Missisaippi River, Dut the cost of collocting and dis- tributing lettors in the scantily-settlod parts of tho South and over the Far West absorbs this favorable balance and makes the Post. Office a dobtor, instead of a eroditor, of the Troasury. Postmaster-General Jewzrr's vigorous ef- forts st uprooting fossilized swindles will doubtless snve a good deal of monoy that is now worss than thrown away. The natural growth of the country, oo, will swell the re- ceipts more than it does tho expensos of the Department, A reduction of the rates of postage might increase the gross roturn more than it would the cost of the service, but this iz somowhat doubtful, It s truo that the goneral rule, in all taxation on articles of uhi- versal use, ig, that the lighter the taxes, tho mora they yleld ; but there must be a limit somewhere, below which reduction would ba unwise. A whisky-tax of 50 centa will pay botter than ono of $2, but a reduction to one dime por gallon would be alosing epeculation, As long na the tax detors practically nobody from uaing the taxed article, it aliould bo kept unchanged, and thers is probably scnrcely anybody in America who would write any more letters if the postage were 3 conta instead of 8. A roduction in tho ratea of foroign postage would probnbly be o good thing, but only a scant increaso of rev- enue, if any, could be got by such & change in domostic rates, As long as we have to collect and distribute lotters over & great extont of thinly-settled territory, much of which lies hundreds of miles from any reilroad, so long must we, in all probability, have a doficit. The faot is not to our discredit. It is dus to inovitable natural causos. We recommend it to the consideration of the men who groan over Sir Brarrorn Nosrmcors's caloulation of a Post- Office surplus of £5,750,000 and Mr, Jew. ®L1'8 estimato of & deficlency of more than that number of dollars. A fow days since, a dlspatch from Burling. ton, Yows, appeared in the columna of Fax Outosgo Taisung, setting forth that, the Merchanta' National Bank of that city having basod its claims for patronage upon the ground that it was & Democratlo bank, the ‘Washington authorities had orderod the Post- master to tranafer hig accounts to another and non-political bank. Assuming that the dispatch stated the truth, some editorial comment was mads in the lasue of the fol. lowing day. We are now satisfied, upon the authority of the Postmaster hlmself, that there was no truth in the dispatch sent to us, The doposits were withdrawn from tho Morchants' . National and transfer. red to another ULauk, but mnot wupon any political grounds whataver, and no order ‘whasa rocoived from Washington by him. The chango was made upon porsonal and busitess copsiderations which wero eatisfaciory hoth to the Postmaster and the former bavk, Thio Burlington Ifawkeye snys of the bank: ¢ is woll known in this community that {he stookhiolders of the Morohants' National Bank aro both Republicana and Democrats, and the officors aro gentlomen of the strictest lonor, who command the highest respect of men of all parties. They do not need to resort o such tricks as intimated in the above to hold tho oxtonsive business which they hinve suc. coeded in building up on legitimate bLanking principles, and we regret that any one should do them such manifest injustice.” ‘I'ne Cir. oago Trinune regrets being misled by the dispatch in question, and cheerfully minkes the correction due under the circumstances, e——ree Dr, Orro Leinercy, the famous Gorman physiclan, lately applied a-priori principles to modicine, and waa rawardea with a dircovery which, though not ye. pursned to ita ultimato consaquances, lins already boon ahown to pos:osm grost value. The application of his Investigation was, io (ho firat inswanew, to chlorsl-hydrate. Ife lias moro Jately, througs a sorloa of exporimonts, brought to light somw four or five mow an- esthetlca. A correspoddent of the Now Yerk Graphic, who subjected himselt to the iAflnoncy of those drugs, undor the suporvision of tho dise covorer, dencribos his suneations in o Jato num- ber of that jonrnal, A mixture of Keurine aul Dabeina aeoma to have produced results in somo renpacta like those of hasheoh dronmers, groat exhilaration, blissful foeliugs, and bodily jnsoy. sibility. Denomine, on the othor hand, puts the patient Into s doop and healthy sloop. “I% Lias, moroover,” writes the correspondont, *“this remarkable property, which will rendor its gon- oral use cortafn, it it shall be fonnd in all cases to be perfectly harmless: Ons hour of tho sloop induced by itis equivalent in reparativo power to eight nours of ordloary sliep. ‘Lho slumber is profound, and tho medulla oblongata, whonce aro spread tho notves which govern tho lupgs, must be poworfully affeclod, for the breatbing is deop sad rapid, whoreby ouoruicus quantitios of oxygen are taken into the eys- tem and a proportionate amount of carbon climi- natod.” There's a great deal in a name, after all, and mora in the name of PATToN than wo shoaid caro to mossure in a single day. The two Par- ToNns of Chicago have been often enough con- fused and confounded; and maither of them. it is mald, can at all endure tho tho ght of being takon for the othor. When tho Bwiva tsial way in progress, Dr. PaTToN, of tho Adsance, mf- forod the agonioa of tho righteous by having the acts, sod especially the spocchas, of I'atvow, of tha Jnterior, laid at his doors. Now poctic jus- tice s belng wrought out, Patr0X, of tho Inle rior, ia getting oredit for the oracular utterances in rogard to the BDBrecmen trial which aro made by ParToN, of the Advance. Ouly a fow days ago, tha latler PatTox lece tured In Muscatine, In.,, anl in tho courss of n privato convorsation with somo une of his bospitablo entortainers ho exprosged the belicf that Mr. Beromen was guiliv. This opinion wag never meant for publication,—per- ‘haps it was nover given,—for Dr. PATTON, of {La Advance, i8 the discrostest of men. Dut tho story was given to tho public In tho Auscatina Journal, sud thence it hae passed through 3 large partion af the Iowa prass, Among othors, a Keokuk paper has got bold of it, and altribe uted it to PaTTON, of anti-BwiNo fame, and ex- pressed tho boliof, for its own part, that *“The Devil was made forthe benofit of wuch<chaps sa PaTson” —— Ap smusing, and withal a vory just, criticlam of a groat painting was lately givon by a rural oditor in Californis, who, without having so much as scon RosextmaL's * Elnine," really did point out s zerious mistako of tho artist. The poom describes tho fumeral progress in these worda: Tho dead nteered by the dumb Went upward with the tluod, Thot moans, says the rural critic, that tho boat just floated along with tho cuirent, The @dumb man in the stern is not sculling, but atocr- ing. Whas, thon, dooa the artist momn by rop- rosenting the drapery hanging ovor tho ride of the boat ms belng drawn towards the stern? The critic’'s experionce ‘us a flatboat- man teachos him thet malter thrown ovorbonrd will move aa fast saa boat when tho boatis moving no fastor than the curront, This {s homely criticlsm, to bo surs, but it 18 sound enough., It will bo wholesomo, tae, for those San Francisco poople who, up to this time, havo bean able tosoe fow defocts in ** Elaiuo," bo- g, In a wanner, projudiosd in it favor by tho fact that Tony RosENTIAL, the artiat, i young, and bandsome, and self-mado. BoseNTILL is anly 27 years old, his fatber was uot 1nany yoars ago & tailor, and he i3 himself an oarly rosident of San Francisco, if not o native. Seaiitlioipiu The Rev. E. 8, izt of Atlantic, Tn,, sald, in an address rocontly delivered bofora the Con- grogstional Association at Tabor, in tho fame Stato, that * Good mon are not often intimate with editors.,” Tha ratarenca is obviously to tho editors of religions nowspapers ood men are not often intimate with them, The oditora of socular nawspapera are good mon thomsulves, and neod no communipn with unprofessional goodnena, Thore i an Illustrious examplo of o Truly Good man {n the editorin] sanctum to be found io noigbboring city, and doubiless others witl appear as the nccessity calla for them. Boonlar editors, it msy Lo further ro- marked, communs every day with tbo good men who road their newspapors and writo them back bitter communications of a dreadful and threat- ening nature, ‘TDhis arrangement is more offoc~ tivo and agroesblo to all parties concornod than any system of personal and particular fnter- viaws posalbly could be, —_— A new paper, calling itaelf the Appeal, has monda its appoarance in Bloomington, I, Talt of its contonts aro of good quality, boing taken bodily from Tz Tumune; pattof the romatu- der is made up of scurrilous acd profane com- monts on Tug Tainuns's opinfons; and the rest i3 original ain and elush from the storeliouss of tho Appeal's editors and proprictors. Tne paper is in favor of the Domocratic party and & depreciated currency. It fs about a4 good anox- ponent of the Ignorance of Central Illiuols 8 cau anywhers be found. The intoliizenco of that part of the Btate Is alresdy wall reprosented by the Panfagraph, the old and respectable daily of Bloomington, —_————— The Young Men's Christian Association of Dayton lately provided & smoking-room in ita pew bullding, and immodistoly & number of 860+ ular newapapers wore greatly shooked, and pro- fessad to sos & tondency on the part of tho Asso- clation to serve God and the Devil st the ama time. Doubtless, it nothing hsd been dons, those mame oditors would Lave lomontod tho aaceticlsm of Assoclations of this kind gonorally throughont the country, aad urged them tooffor some sttractions to young men whioh ahould ine duce thera to desort the saloons and the billisrd- roams for the quiet and reapectable privacy of s Christian smoking-room. Did not Bruuasod sy that be smoked to the glory of God ? pspiats ol oy Pty The Lower Houus of ths New York Legisls. taro hau passed a bill 1o provent the uss of ealk or saltpetre for the purposa ef dissolving suo¥ upoa any stroat, highway, ar publio placs, open for tho pasasgs of animals, in the City of New York, The measurs is well recommendad, sud ought $0 pass. The pradtice of * salting the tracks " of strest-cars during she wister months wives riss Lo diphiberia and poeumenis, sud i runeus 1o hareas, The Bamate, U le keped, witl