Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 24, 1875, Page 3

7 B gl THR CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1875 ~TWELVE PAGES., — e LITERATURE. —_— MUSICAL TEXT-BOOK: Acwosn Cnam»rm 'axD TiEm Wonka: Fom TR Uaz OF FONDULY AND BIUDES 3 Bamau Trstvn, Anthier of Sblodern Inlnfors” 4ima otherts ) $2 e :.ir‘llnla’:; who Lavo rond Misn Trtler's ontortain- fog skotches of tho paintars of niodioval and of modern times will b propared to flud tho pros- ent volumo, ae It i, vory sttractivo roading. It containg an account—ot moro or leas fulinees, Secording to tho richueso of tho mslorials ox- tant—of sixty musical composors, Not s name of sy note Is missed from the number, while Diony aro included bt nro atmost wholly yn- known even to tho educatod public. Tho ‘hal 0 gins with Dunstablo, nn English muelciatt, to Sliom tho Juvention of connterpoint has boon erronconsly agcribod, sud who died i’ 1408, and endy with Rtichard Wagner, whoso erratio com. positions aro belioved by Lis admiror to fore- eandow * tho music of the futurse.” In Lracing {he cavacr of this longlino of musiciana arrangad in chironotogical order, the lhistory of modorn tnusic, whono boginning Luilah dates in 149, is very falrly developed. On oniflulng hio blographical data thus con- wenlontly masued under the oye, ouo {8 struck wiih tho enrly ago 8t which “many of tho most eminent musical composers have beon cut oft. Stradolln diod 0t 29 (his was o violont denth, howover, ho belng sssassinated at tho Instiga- tion of & Vonatlan nobloran, whoso lady-Jove Le Bad won and married); Schubert dled ot 9); Tellini, at 845 Mozari, at 855 DMondelasoln, at g Purcoll, at 87; Chopin, at 30; Wolar, at 10 ; Belmnaun, st 46; Hummol, at 407 Donizottl, at 50} and Bocthovon, at 67. 1t is casy to nccount gor this lack of longevity. Tho artistio tem- porament {5 apt to bo allied with s doll- eato constitution, while the atrain of the foculties in tho work of com- position, tho excitemonts of ambition, tho fro- quont transitions from hope to despair, the anxious, distresslng strugglo with penury and sdvoise oircumstances 1hat many sto compelled o undergo, And, in_B0DI0 cnscs, oxceastve dissi- pation, furuish sufliclont reasous for tho prema- turo deathe among musfcal geniusos, Ou the® otlior biand, fomo of the most famous mosters iu this dopartment of art Lave roacted a ressona- Dioold age. Sobastian Bach lived to be U6 Auber, Gy DPalesteing, 705 Moyerbeor, 05 Qluck, 79; Handol, 74; Rossint, 70; Mosctclos, 76; Tayds, 77, ahd Chorublul, 82 Wo might Auggost ne iomo_explanation of cartain of these Insiances of longovity, that Bach, laudel, lnydn, and, with redorvations, Uluck, wora @iuiplo, oarnost, dovout men, who in tho cone templation of eacrad thomos kopt thoir lives ura and thoir intollocts sud presions calm, Yot, aftor all Is eald on cithor side, tho biolo- glsts will declaro tho wholo queation of longevity 0 Lo & mstter of more haradity, "Migg ‘Lytlor doos ot protend to furnish any ‘mow facts in hor shetchos. They sro simply Lorrowad from tmora volwainous” biograpbios, thio morit of lier worlk consistiug In its compro- Lionsivaness, the estection und disposition of it dotails, and fu & hl;’l’y taculty for narratio o receut momolir of AMloschioles, the fascinatil Totters of Meudalsxolin, the several biographies of Boethovon, Mozart, Handal, aud Haydn, linve Juade tho lives of thieso warthics goucrally fo- muliar, Lesd {s kuown of Sebastian Bacl, in whiom, 88 tho father of the fugue, & groat deal of musioal intorest centres, This great composer came not morely of family, but of & raco, of musiciana. In his day the linchs datoed tho aflfiu of their musicsl talent full o contury and a holf buck to a Hungarian an- ccutor who ground wheat for a living and savg to the gutar for hia delactation. From his sons, Yiving i 1625, down to tho graudsons of Sebas- tian Bach, living fu 1700, overy male inboritor of the nsme followed muslo a8 o profession. Tho family wore prolitle, aud scarcoly n town fu Thuringia, Baxony, or Franconis bgt lad a Dach for an organist or music-toachor, Ilosides their muaical proctivities, tho Bachs woro distivgulshod for their adhorouco to the Reformed Church and their uso of tho Cbristian name Johabu, I'hia was profixed to_tho namo b& which thoy ware kuown; us, Johaun Chrisfoph, Johaun . Xrnost, Johann Michacl, and Johann Sebadtian, tha groatest Lach of them all, Sobastinn wos born in Llsonach in 1685, IIis fathor was oue of twia hrathors who o closoly ro-omblod cach other that thoir inlimato acquaiutances could Unrdly distingnish oo from tho other. Their wives, oven, woro oftou puzzled to sy which wu thotr huaband. Ho groat o sywmpsiby in body sud mind existod between tlo twin brothors that whon one waa iil tho other was {ll alwo, Whelr donths followed on each othor closcly. ‘When Scbastian was still a cluld ho proved him- self a logitimato Bach by copying a surroptitiony~ Iy-barrowoed volumo of music, by muvalight, 'T'ho task took Liim six’ mouths, for ho darod vot batray his occupation to his guardian brother, ‘who bad forbiddeu it, by attempting the worl in tho daytime or by caudlo-light, Towsrda tho «cloao of Lis lifo, Bebastinn was punished for this ;uumrm iudiscrotion by tho lows of his oyasight. for long time Lo waa totally blind ; but ton daya boforo Lis doath Lis eight was rostored to .1t s 8ald of Bach that **Lls character hiad ot & Bpot, his lifo was perfect.” 1lis tudustry wad extreme, and aa A composer he was soverely eousciontious, s works wors not lurgely Enown (o his own dsy, evon in Germany, oud it ¥ cliiefly through tho inetrumoutality of Mou- dolusobn that In tho preseut contury his truo rank fu bis art bas boon acknowledged. Dy his two wives, Dach waa tho fathor of tweuty chil- on. Au Incident in Bach's lifo, in which the eccon- tric huwor of IF'redoric tho Groat ehines out, 1 roportad by ivs Tytlor, A son of Iach was in the wervico of tho” Yrusuinu King, snd his duty ougisted wainly fu accompauying on the piano- fKorto tho King's performauce on ?lw flute. One flnht tho Itoyal cancort was at its hoight, the Ging had takon up his fluto fo play the solo, . Which wo to bo listoned to withno inuch adoiias- tion and deforonce, when, according to custom, nlint of the straugors arriviug that day i tho town was hauded to Fredoric. 1n tho easo of bis prorogative, his Majosty arrostod tho concort that ho mi.?m. glanco ovor tho list, when be sud- denly startled tlic wholo roow by the oxcitod ox- clamatlon, ** Qentlomon, old Bach {u como 1" No time was to bo lost In faying hold of 8 mun who hnd alrendy remisted Court Invitatious, ood was imporvious allke to Court smilos aud frowne. Sobawian was barely pormitted to alight from Lis long and lllh(ulng ‘Journoy at bis sun's Liouss ore Lo was put futo & carrisgo aud drivon to tho palace, Thero ¢ old Back," with tho dust of thoe road 8till upow hiw, hia eyes somowhat dozzled with tho sudden glara of Jight, stops iuto tho midst of this lordly compauy of powdered wigs aud Doublets, and diamond tiurss nud Bword-hilts. 1lis Majenty, aftora warm and uncercmonious eolig, besought the great coutrapuntist to improvies to the corapany 3 and Bach passod the romainder of the avoufug golwg from room to roou followad by troops of adiniring Courk la- es and musiciaig, an by ulboraan. and trying planofortes made Durm Brony oy SASHOP PATTESON, T, oo . 55, Loudont Madoilon & don Thelifo of tho Curistian hero and martyr, Jobn Coloridge Patteson, Misslonary Bishop of tha Molanceiau Ielauds, Lias supplied Miss Aw- dry with the matorials for & most lmpresatvo wtory, It ia related iu a stylo of oxcooding sim- plicity, that barmonizes exquisitely with tho Znodest, unpretending, and yot fmpoaing charao- ter of the subject. 1t in as 1f the writer, in &ludying the tralts snd works that were to be fnwoveu Into her narrative, had boow inspired by their noblo humility, sfucority, and unaffocted. nesy, to deliuoate thom in words of pure aud qulot grace, Bishop Pattoson was tho eldeut 00 of 8ir John Pattozon, one ¢f the most hon. orod and exemplary of the Judgos of England, ll.\Vhlln & studout at Eton, the boy Coterldgo Bfltonvllamu farowell sormon of the Rov, Mr. N"l‘zfly Who had Leen consecrated Dishop of W Zonland, and was so deeply stirred by tho Imt urd that he thenand there formod n Atoad- nak parposs of devoting lumselt to tho samo 2‘--“":-11 WOrk. It was not until ho bad boen n' l:":“\ yeara curato at Alfington, and had TRy ;l 1o aga of 27, that ko was abloto accom- {l:t '8 early purposo, In 1835 Lie parted from Nl::'g I:Mtv s uatlve Iaod, with tha knowl- M nover ta rof %: Zoshad o fla e isuion of Wb Hore it .2:‘:. Sndar (o qiiavored e tescher and n Va8 consecrated, Bishop of Molanonias a v s it Oftice in tho miulstry mado little ditforence In Mmflwm lifo, which was aiwayw tollsomo #ud gelf-denying, Tho Arst object of tho mwis- vlon apiong the Bonth Hes Inlands waa to :lu. i:\a tho uative obildron. Bohools .were estab. ed, firat at Now Zealatd undor Dlahiop Sotwen, tud aiterwards st Norfolk wnd Mgk Boiedt: snder Lishop Patteson. To thota schoa by and pirls were gathered by tho mlnlonu’i!u from varlous islauda sud tanghtdariug the warm Voauom 02 the year, aad ratumsed to &M.rhnmm for the winter, aa the for them nt tho mission stetions, 1t was a 1daw, bnt probably the bost, way of introdn ing Christianity nnd_civilization imouy the savitgos of Now Zeatand and Melanoria. Tiwhop Patteson's heart was so filled srith affoetton for the cluldron under his chargo that ho never plued for tho Lomo aml count'y ha bad laft, or folt that hla wscrificos in “tho lifo hio had choseu wera too great. Ho was not anly # tosclior to his hoathon pupila, but a fathier, 8 motlier, a servant, and a friend. ‘Sons of his own could not havo beon wmoro temlerly and faithfully nurtured. 1o nursed thom in slcknesy and watched over them i health, with 8 golicitudo and vigiiauco thal won an lonc:it re- ward i tho gratitude and ‘good bohavior of all under iy protection, ‘Tho account of iy de- voted sorvices, porformed without paracio or oatontation, in nxlmmul{ touching, Abont the year 1570, tho work of the misslon was aorlonaly disturbad by tho tmportat.on of Inborers from tho Melaneslnn Iwlands far tha angar and cotton plantations at Qu:onsland & tha Fiji Isiands, As not epough natived could be indiiced to angago in work to sapply 40 do- mand for labor, tnfelr mossurca wers re xortod to, aud tlioy woro kidnappod in great ntumbors d carriod off by villainous traders, Thie cruol- ty oxcitod a apirit of rovengo amoug tho 1sland- ers, which was wreaked upon ail whit:o mon, oven upon thelr frionds, the missionmies, Iu Soptembor, 1671, Tisliop Pattoson himeolf foll a yictim o tho Wiind rago of the savages, and an T was attompting to land at Nukani, on:s of the Santn Cruz Iulauds, ho was treacherous ly mur- dared. 1o was 44 yoarsola at tha time. of his donthy, but was nlrendy bout ond wrinlilad, a with ‘extromio ago, by tho coasolons te-ils por- formon in_s Lot and woaring climsl o, Tho lamentad Bisbop did much good_hy his. horoie ©offorts to bouefit the South Hoa Islanders ; but tho story of his lifo will do more, by ahowing men the geandeur of a potfect dovotion to & Lumane aud utrelixh cause. RECENT NOVELS. Raren Wizzow's Wrinn: A Nowdl, iy Nits, Atxx- ‘e, Autlar_of % Tho Woolug 0% e, 160, D) New York: Henry Holt & Co. Pensror Lovk CAszmit OUT FEALL I BEnuwicE WARILURK, Author of ¢ Girl," ole, 12mo,, pp, 10, Vowton: Leo & Etain: A Toweaxn Sxrron. By A, O, 'p, 390, Now York : Macmillani & Go, CowgugniN AND To Congurn. Dy the Auttior of “The Schonberg-Cofta Fauliy."” 12mo., pp. 181 Naw York : Dodd & Mead, Tho novel thal heada thislist Gts very woll into tho *Lolsurc-1four Borics, " whiero it Iu placed by its Ameriean publishers, L& la casy and tolarably azreonblo rending, its chi of chinrac- toriatic boing that it createn no strouty fmpros- salou of any sort, But it prosontanosaliont polnts Jiazuxnue to oxcito surpriso or admiration, noither does it pousess any striking; faulta that frritato or offend Loyond forgivo- glvenoss, It 18 quite poasible that the occanion might ariso when ono would facl gratful to tho book for the diversion it is able to afford, as donbtloss thers are uses to ba found tor simply common-plzco romances. The noxt novel in the auccenslan, ** Porfoct Love Cnateth Qut Fear, " is more pogitivo in its influence. Its author brings outon hrer atage » troop of the favored wons and daught >rs of for- tune, who bavo nothing to do but malio lifo one long festival-day. Thoy dwoll in idlencsa and luxury, woar tho costlicatatiro, aud f.ate sump- tuonsly. Their moat vigorous and continuous porfarmanco consiate, strangely onou.gh, {n air- Ing their learning, whicl ia amazingt in oxtent and profundity, consideriag that it.fs tho attain- mont of moro buttorflics of fashion, Tho reader who Lins hod only aversgs opporti initles for sccumulating & stors of recondito knowledgo will bo quite ovorpaworad by tho ex traordmary facility with which tho old horoos of tustory and mythology zro dragged into tho light eat conver- sations hold by 5:e!u marvelous p toplo. The bowilderment which is_begun by their speech s sustniued by their actions, which nve the fruit of tho wildest and mest unaccountak lo vagarles. Howover, when we come in contact yrith a inixod company wherein tho women ariy lovely as houris, the mon haundsomo us Apolilos, and all aro rich ns Craesus and wise a8 Dacin, wa must uot bo aurprised that tholr words a11d doods ara 8t varisuco with every common rulo of proceed- ng. “Elslo" is evidently tho work of*a writor of education and rofinemont. Tho stylo is lucid and corract, aml thostory is managed with1 good Judg- mont, It has todo maiuly witls tho pe asantryin & Scotch village, who are nlmrlu-lmu led, wnpre- tonding, and upright. Tho plot hn breen worked ovar many timed: o weak, worthloss gontloman betrayiny tho faith of a yonng, artla is gicl, who hiad tonded him during un {linesa ths £ confined him azeidentally undar hor fathor's L imble roof. 1t in troated in this inatauce lu & quicr’s well-bred munner. Any book coming from tho author of the “8chonberg-Cotta Family " will bs exa minod with interost. 1Mrs. Charlow hias dolightocl & host of readery with Lor oarly storica, and far thiy slo will bo hold in gratoful romembrac co. Ier writings have beon distinguished fo1*_thoir ro- ligious fervor and sweet simplicity, In those produced of lata years thero ins beon some loss of tha old chiarm through an increasitiy® hardness and coldnasn af tone, ‘Tho prosent wolk roveals tho chnnge In tho most decidod maunar. Thoro {u little traco [n it of tho quaint, 8weat § raco Lhat made the Hchonberg-Cotta books so 1ittractivo and gained for thom an immeneo popnlarity, “ Conquoring ond to Conquer " s an n tempt to roproduce (hio 1ifo of the Chiristian in 1t ome Just nrior totho fuyasiou of tho city by th: Qotha. But there ia no lifs in tho picture, sud i:i fails to anlist tho attuution, AN ILLINOIS REGIMENT. Nexerrarcosn ILuivors VoLUNTELng, 13 mo., pp. 0, Wrecport, Tili Journal Steain 1ablisblug Ttoieo and Bookbindery, Tho writer of tuis hintory of the ** Ninety- second " should bave put his name on the title- page, and nccopted the lonor due hit o foran oxcollont ploco of litorary worl, 1le han skoteh- od tho careor of his rogimont in & diroct, conciso, and graphic mouner that is worthy -of bigh prafgo. Every surviving mombor of tho Ninety- #ocond, nnd every individual who had 3, frieud or a rolative in tho corps, will feols prateful prdo in the book, and should have » copy to troasnro a3 n procious hoir-loom to -descend from goneration to gencration. Itisa y.ity that evory rogimant engaged in tho War ccoald not hiave ita rocord writton out as fully sucl ngroe ably as this bus bocu dono, Huch anualy of the Ttobollion would havo esger rondors anong ail olanses aud agos, ag'long s loyalty and «zountry shnll oxint, I'no story of tho Ninety-Becond is prefacod with a briof and corract roviow of {he hie rory of slnvery m the United Statos hat adds &3 sicth Lo tho valua of the book, The ** Ninaty-8i3cond " volunteered In answor to tho call * for 300,000° moro " in tho summer of 1862, It was 1:auster- od Juto tho United Btates sorvico, Bopt, for ** threo yoars, or during tho war,” TIn i\ugust, 1869, it wan aitachiod to Gon, Wildor's M sunted Hrigado, but retained undor tho commi .und of (cn, Rosoerans, The following spring th o rogi- mont was detached from Wilder's Drigas's and Juined to the Army of the Cumberland under Gen. 'Thomas. On tho 8th of July, 1865, Lav- jug shiared iu the triumphant march of 8hy.rman from Bavannah to Richmond, the regimont: was mustored out of sorvico at Coucord, Va,, with a clean, bright rocord of which, not only $ho soldiers, but tho Siate and the country may bo justly proud. A HEALTH-GUIDE. Tate MasnryaNcr. o HEALTH: A Meploat \Vomk 0B Lay lipapens, By J. MinNxs Forien (L, M, D, M, B, O, P, 12m0,, Pp. 306, Now York G, P, Putnam's o, "Freatwes upon Physiology and Hygiena fi)rm no Inconsiderable portion of tho literature of thoday, Bearcoly a weels passes without mid- ing some volume of tho kind to the long 1'mt alrendy published, Tho grest bulk of thom g ro ablo and useful,—-tho couscientious production of skllltul and sagacious pliyeicians who bavo matle thehuman frame, ity ccaditions of hiealth and dl +- oaso, their life-long atudy, 'The seoker after th n sort of lustruction theuo trostiser Uupense woul 1. lmdl%gn amigs in choosing any onv of them, That before uy fa roploto” with judicicus and learned advice upon the mamfold topica son. cerned fn thie maiutonanco of healtl, It fs writ« ten by an English phyelclac, who in bis opio- ' ions ‘combines gound cowmon svuse with much medieal lore. 'The stylo ismoro solid than popu- lar, but the book ia moaut for studious rather than light reading, Ench ctapter is followod by su index of fte principal propositions,—a com- mendablo arrangement for tixing thom in the LEGISLATIVE MANUAL, Waxniaron's MANUAL, Ly Wittaaxt 8, Rosmsow, s St i o o il 94, Bostun: Loo & Bhepard, PR Mombers of logialativo and deliberativo bodles, aud of socletios of all kinds, will fud this little mauual & canvenient and oficlent guble {n ¢ Par- lismentary lsw.” Tho author hak been at groat pains to condenso tho rulos presouted luto the loast possibla wpsce, and to make thom atthe a2 i clear sod compreboualve. Thay peos thior wan too severo | Jt %, of Cheam, En&und, was sold for £128, . 001 od of 55, T thie of bk dea vide for every contingency likely to sriso in the transaction of busihoss by deliborativa ae- semblios, and furnish advice on all points for the conduct of prosiding oiticars, enmmittees, and mambers. ‘The raputation of ** Warrington ' an a writer and logislativo officor gives assurance of ikl.lulbmty aud ncciuracy that mark his littlo work, JOHN_ QUINCY ADAMS, Mestoma or Joitx Quixot ApaMs: Cowpnisina T'one 1084 0¥ 114 DIARY 0 1707 70 1A, Edited by Crtae.ea Faancts Avaxa, Vol Vi Hyo., pp. 842 Thilndeiphis : J, 1, Lippineatt & Co, T'his ls ono of the most Interesting volumen of Mr. Adams’ Memoirs that have yot appoared. It Includes the racord of loss than two years,—bo- twoon 1820 aud 1822,~but of an Interval In & most stirring poriod of tho politlenl history of the United Hiates. Tlo quostion of tho Miesouri Compromlso wag in tho early part of tho timo under dincusalon in the National Legislature, aml tho occupation of the sottlement at the mouth of tho Columbia Rivor waa the occasivn for auimated debato Lctween 3r. Adams, o Hocrotary of State, and Mr. Canning, the Fu- glish Mibintor, 3r, Adamw’reports of tho publie ovents tronspiring at the seat of CGov- ernmont aro slogularly minuto aud foith- ful, and will be esamined by the politi- cul student with groat eatipfaction, Amid the corruption that provatled among place-hunters— nutl statosmen ovon, wo are compolied 4o add—it i pleasant to nota’ the tnvinciblo [ntegrity of Mr. Adaws, 1le had bis prejudices, It 18 truo, and was capable of a tolarable dograc of animos- ity. tlonry Cloy wan decidodly nob o favorite. ‘Thoro was ovidontly u sirong feoling of rivalry betwoon tho Sonator from Kentucky and the Hocratary of State. ‘Tho Presldeutship loomed np befora both of them, a possiblo aud a coveted otaesaion, Yeot, Mcardln‘; to the journal of ir, Adams, ho aternly resisted evory temptation to wiu constituents by bribes, or by quentionable meany of anysort, ~ Willing as Lo undoubtedly waa to oceupy tho bighost oflico in tho gift of the American puople, ho wishied to roceivo the Lionor an an hooest tribute to his worth and abit- ity, aud not wa the roward of succossful chi- cavery, POPULAR-SCIENCE LIBRARY. Taz Natenan IisTony or MAN: A Cornss op NLke MrTAnY, Lucrones, By A, DE QUAT: s Member ‘of tho_Acaiemy of Scivuces, Frofesor in tlie Misoum of Natural Iiiors. Translated frmn the Frencl by W en Ap- pendlx, D. Appleton & Co, Drice, 81, Tute. Rewxor or Muata § at, Tt Paveicat, Basts or Mumcan Hanstoxy, 'By Levtky Tarton, M. A, Tato Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, ‘12mo., Pp- 169, New York : D, Apploton & Co, Price, 81, Theso volumos form the second and third numbers of a series intendod to bring the tatest rasults of scientific inquiry within reach of wil closaca of roadors, Lo Natural listory of Man " comprises o courro of clementary loctures delivored by tho author to audlences of working- mon in Vinconnes, In trying to mako his eub- joct plain to uneducated Lieaters, M. Quaterfayes las yather overdono tho thing, and falks ns though addressivg children instead of ndults, To thoss ontirely iguorant of the subjoct dis- Ccussed, his langaage wmny be none too simplo for n cloar understanding ; bus wo Inclivo to tho he- lief that the avernge Amorican intelligence will, aven fn elemontary treatisen, bear gronter diguic ty of treatment and moro uolid information. Tho essay of Mr. ’l‘na‘lnr ia madoup of une adultoratod science, aud will givo rise to no com- plaint on the scors of too groat easness. Tho reador must nharpen his wits who moans to muater {¢ ; bue the effort will bo good for him, nhilo tho instruction gained of tho theory of sound will ba full of intercat, .62 SPAIN, Braty AND TOE Spananps, By N, L, THEDLIN, 10mo,, pp 403, Dostou: Les & Shepard, Tals eutertaining work, consisting of lotters from Bpnin by & New York Ierald corrospontient, was publishod in London n yesr ago, nnd re- viewed in our columns at the timo, It presenta & camplate aud livoly pieture of moern Spain, und merits s wide circulation among our coun- trymou. BOOKS RECEIVED. VATIOANISHE: AN ANSWED TO REIIOOPS AND REPLISS, Ty the 1t Yon. W, E, Grabstonr, M, P, Paper, Now York t ilarper & firotlicrs, Mn, Vavarun's Jem: A Novet. By Fravg Lrx Brxenter, Anthor of ¢ Mivs Voo Kortland,” cte. Paper, New York; Harper & Drothers, Sarziy Manmp: A Nove, By the Author of “Custe” cie, Paper. New Vork: Uarper & Drothots., Tuy. Gypsr's Proprcoy, A3t 08, Tite BRIDE OF AN EVEN- ma, By Mry, E: L. N. Hournwontu, lanio,, b, 485, Philadelphla 1. Petornon & Drothers, Dotones, By Mei. Fannesten, Autlor of * Fale Women,” #¥ My Hero,” cte, 1imo, 1p, 408, Phils- deipbia s 3, B. Lippisicott & Co, TiE DBLORFUMING 0¥ AN ALOE: A Novpr. Dy Mrn, Casuix, Hoey, Author of “ A Goldon Horrow,” otc, Yaper. Now York : Harper & Brothers, 2 Cm Connexcy : Wiaz Ir 1s, anp Wiar It Snourp Bz, Dy Jous G. Dogw, Paper, Now York: Llen. ty L, Tinton & Co, T INESPEDIENOY OF AN INRRDFEMABLE PAPER CURNENCY § BEING AN AURIDGESIKNT OF THE CHAT- RS, ¥ROM TUE ¢ PRINOIPLES OF POLITIOAL Fron. oix," on MONET AN CREDIT, By Jons Bruant MizL, Paper, Now York: Henry L, Hinton & Co, FERIODICALS RECEIVED, Atlantic Afonthly for May (11, O, Ioughton & Co., Boston). Contonts: *‘Amalf,” by Heory W. Longtollow; **lloderick iludson,” V., by eury Jumes, Jr.: “Tho Pino and the Walnug (Nowcastlo, 1802),” by T. B. Aldriel Alileri," by W.D. Howolla; #The Northwostern Mulo and Hig Driver," by 8, J. Barrowa; *Bonnott o F. A,," by J, R. Lowell ; * What Is ao Amer- jean?" ** Old Times on tho Alissisalppl," V., by Mark Teain: * Loxiogton: 1775," by John G. Whittior; * Morely s Mitror,” by Willlam 31, Bakar; * Togetuer,” by Sarali 0. Jawett; *“Tha Virginia ipaign of obn Brown,” V., by F, B. Hanborn; “'The Fastidious Qoblin,” by J, W, Der Farest; **A Momorable Murder,” by Celis "Ihaztor, Scribner's Monthly for May (Seribnor & Co., New York). Contents ; * Tho Baltimore liopn- partes,” by Bugone L, Didier; “ A Tomplo of Houp," by Fradorick A. Schwal ;_* Tho Htory of Hovorioaks, Claps. X, XIL,, by'J. G, Holland ; —— ~: Au Eloctro- Mechanical Romance, Charlos Darnard ; ‘'The Mysterious Inland,” Part If, Chaps, VIiI, IX., X., adapted from Jules Vorno ; **A Favmor's YVacation, 1I. Droogmakerif,” by @oorge I. Waring, Jr;; The Horon,” by Jamoa Maurico Thompson ; * The Elder Myths," by Willlam Iiagea Ward ; ** Tho m(rnhvmago," by Kano O"Mogno‘l(( o, gbng} Ol L blwn.']' I‘{rt Iv. * Modrako Ly ) Colla Thaxtor ; i Sonuot? by .. .5 #Both Sidos. of the by 8hiold," by It IL D.; * Joan-ah Poquolin,” by George W, Gables siy! Some Tiocont Wowen oty ; Posts Yung Wing lull‘inll Work,"” by James wen. Ualaxy for Moy (Bloldou & Co., New York), Controt e o "of Faufas e Chaptors XX., XXL, and XXIL,, by 3Mra. Aunio Y Tableau Vivant,” by J. V. Da- Bavaria; or, ftomauti- " Part IL, by E. laclus; 444 Latt of the Ol Mastors,™ by I, 3L, Gray; % 3ixcolslor,” by ¥, W, Bourdilion; * Dear Lady Disdaln, )m;;on X,, XL, and XIL, by Juatin MeCarthy; “ Unbldden,” by R, O.; * Angolica Koufiman,” by Mury A E. Wagoer; **A Norse- man's Pilgrimege.” Chaptors <1V, to oud, by lijalmar Hjorih Bovesen ; * Litorary snd Liu- gistio Notes and Querios,” by Richard Qract White; “Somo Dressed Flowers” by Joho Jamos Piatt s * Miss Clivo and 1" by L. O, W.i Which ?** by Mary, Il, Dodgo. Catholle World for May (Catisolic Publication Tousg, Now York). Uontentss * Pius IX, and Mr. Gladstone's Mlsreprosoutations ;™ Biath of tho Qolden Robin ;" * Are ¥ Wifo " ¢ Biray Loavos from s P o ho Autos Bacramentales ;" ¢ e ‘fragedy ot tho Teuwplo o Hub- orations ;' ¢ Tho Mod itorature of Ruesia ;" + * Greville and Saint Simon © Dour Guerauger aad Holesmes " ** Leyond of the Bluwisalpe.” Old and New for May (Leo & Bhopard, Boss ton). Coutents: ¢A Hundred Yoars Avo; " “Tha Americau Qovernmeuts,’ by Ldwani E. Hala; «The Idyl of Faribault,” by Kichard Beudder; *'Tha Argument for Tax-Exomption ;" sy Wa Livo Now," by Anthouy lopo; *The Bourbops ;" ** April Showers ; Quear Litle Hat™ by Kaio Tamats Woods; W Priza Bong of Walther,” Englivh aud German ; "Hn:ulaxingl; "« Panyios,” by Neillo AL Gara~ ! A & Nicholas for May, (Scribnor & Oo,, New York.) Trofusoly ilustrated, aud with article by Nobeoos Harding Dasis, liowe Terry Cooka, Louies M, Aloott, J, 1% ‘Trowbrldge, and maoy other weil-known writors for the juveniles, Saturday Journal for April. (A. Birah stantial Ao, Tondou; Wilmer & Rogers News Ovmpany, Now York. Teachers' Magazine for May. (A. Now York aud Chicay Co., Ne fiu,) Law_Register for Aptll, (D. B. ol Awerican » +Gsufleld & Ca., Philadalphis.) Ohicago Magazine for Aprl. (Ohicago Maga- 4 {ne Compauy), e e i g "The Nrtsox trophy, the property of Mr. N. It uiness ln Nuisou's purso SPARKS OF SCIENCE. ARCTIC VECETATION, within tho Antarctie circlo, and only a Jimited numbor of tha lower eryiiogams, “Tho wost northiorly point at which phiancrogsmic vegsta- tion has boen discovered I8 in 62 degreen north Iatitude, whero, probably cn th3 cast shore of Hmitlh'a Sound, four plants, the Hraba alpina, Cerastium alpinum, Tarasncumaine lonis, var., and Poa alpina, wero gatherad by Dr. Dessel. The flora of tha North Frigid Zouo includes, ne- cording to Dr, Hooker, 762 specien of flowering plants, Fifty of theso are confitied esclusivoly to tho Arctic regions. A vers largn proportion of them aro found In Beandinavin, kouth of the Arctic circle, and reanpear in the Alrs, A fow roach tho Alpine rogionn of Indiaand Africa, and a few occur in the oxtrems soutt of the Southern hemisphiere. To give preciso figures, 616 of tho 762 epecies iava beenobaerved 1n Arc- tic Burope, 233'tn Arctic Axia, 364 1n Arctic Went America, 379 in Arctic Esnt Amorica, and 207 In Arctic Greenland. Trom thees lgures it will ba seen that nearly all tha aroas mentioned have o majority of specioa in common. und that each aroa hasbut & fow peculisr tojteell, With the oxcoption of the American shorca of Hmith's Hound, tho Bpitzborgen Inland: the most northorly lands you troddon by Aictic explorers, and their vegotation, from its comparative ac- cossibility. 18 an well or betler known than thet of any other region Iying far withiu the Frigid Zono. The flors of Bpitzbergen cowmpriscs at lonst 100 difforont flowering plauts, Neatly all aro horbsceous perennials, about one third being prasses, nedyes, and rushies, Tho nearest ap- roncls Lo woody vegotation I funud in thocrow- Emv:u:mpclmm nigrum), Livo ¥peciea of willow Ssfll,z reliculata and’S. polaris), end Awiromeda fetragona, an_ oricacaous tider whrab. Noitlior of thieso risos mote than & few juches abuve (e graund. Qiving tho familiea which are reprosented in their naturnl moquence, wo have: . Ilanuncu- lacem: & apecies of Rautuculuy. aud possibly 7. ; 9. Fapaveracomw s Papnoer Nudicande, u prof dwact yollow-flowered poppy. . Crucifers ‘about 16 Apocios, including Cardamine protensi 10 apecies of Draba,nud 1 Bpecies of scurvy grass, Cochicarea fenealra, poslaps the puly eeculent vegotable growing ln Bpitzbergen, 1. Uaryo- phillow; sbout 12 specien including Sifene acaulis, Avenaria, ciliata, A. peplaides, and A. rubella, 6. Tosacew; 4 epociey of Po- fentilta, and ~ lryas lopclaln, 6, 8 fragacem, Chryseaplenitwm uittrifolinm, Sez- ifraga, oppusiti folle, Nivalis, Cirnua, Cico- pitosa, hireulus, aizowdes, with & other wpecios, ll. Compositio: 4 Apeaios, Including tho daralo- lion, 8 Campanulacea: Campanula uniflora. 5 w: 1spocien, 10, Gentlanacow: Genl ana tenella. 11, Doroginacew; Nertenden mar) tima, 12, Polemonscear: One species of Fole nonium, 13. Scropbulariscow: Pidieularis nta, 14, Empotracere: Enpedrammgrum Tolygomo : Lolygonum tivipartn, Gryrin reni formis, and Kaenigia sslandica, 16, Salicinew : Tho two Bpecies of willow above mentioned. (17) Juneacei, (18) Cyperacew, and (13) Gra- Tuinie, hold tho remuinder of tho kpecies, tho Jast family coutaining the majority, ‘Tha Spitzbergen yroup lie Letween 76 deg, 37 mio. aud 0 dog, 50 min. north latitude. Tha climato is modified by ocoanic streams flownig from tlio hot regions borthwards : nevertbeloss, 1t 18 most rigorous, ‘The sun nevor riset more tlian 37 deg. abovo the horizon, aud the winter Iasta ten months. Tho mean temporature in July, the warmest montb, hos been estimatod at about 47 deg. Fabranheit, the hizhest point ob- werved boing 61 dem, The mean tomposaturo of thio year is about17 deg. Falirenhoit. and tho tem~ peraturo of the three wintar monibs 1a calenlat- od at about zero of Fahrenheit. nder thess climatal conditions it is aurprising that 5o mauy a8 100 specios of plants manago to grow, to thrivo, aud tg blossom, _Thoy suldorn br never ripen veod, cxeept it be I peculiarly favorable sensond. This fact {s evident from: tho abnost total absence of annual plants, and from tho Labit of growth of the porennials. Thexe lnst row in denso tufls, increasing minly by latoral ranches, that tako root and in their turn pro- duco offsots. There is but littlo variety of color axhibited in the llowers of tho Arctic species, nearly all being yellow or white, SPAWN OF DEEP-SEA FISH, But little is known wilh regard to the habits of doep-ses fish during the pawning scason. The eaimon, which leaves the ealt water and ascouds rivers for the purpore of depositing its eggs, affords opportucity for tho careful obser- vation of 1ts mothod of procedure at tufw period. The herring, which spasns in shallow waters, has niso satisfiod inquiry 1n somo particular, Lut with rogard to the roprocuction of tho larger cace:n sea-flsh, much that Is known or supposed to bo Lkoown {8 ronlly tho rosult of ecanjecturo or rou- soniog from nualogy, M. Nara Las diecovered thint the ova of wome fisly, notably of tho cod (Gadus morrhua) and of tho plaieo (Ilenronce- fes platessa), aro Lntchied while lontiug on tho waves, Ova of these and ather fished have been found floating in differont stagea of dovelop- mont. - In gomo of the largor rivers of China tho spawn of certain fishos la collscted from the surfuco of the water by menas of \wiapa of grura &nd of soft matting, and used for pikcicultural purposes. The eggy thus gathered aro removed to weters barren of flsli, which are thus replon- ishod. There iA no doubt that differont spocies of fisl spawn in differeut places, sore ot tho Lottom of tho sca aud some on the surfaco. Tho horring (Clupeaharenqus), aad probally allitscongencers, spawn on tho bottom, the ougs remaining thero adhoring in manses to tho rocks and stones. Tho ogrs of tho salmon aro emltted on beds of fing gravel in shaliow parts of rivere, and covered over with gravel by the fomalo in ordor to hido thom from thelr numorout ohomios, Dewpite of thin precaution multitudes aro dovonred by fiel, by iuxcct larvm of many kindy, sud by ducks and other water-forls sosrehing for food” on the bottom, whila a flood ofton wweeps thom outirely awsy or buries thom po doop by the shifting gravel that maf cannot latel, or tho Enun can nover emergo from the drift. It is tha opimon of somo naturalists that niost sea-fish ot their oggs at tho boteom, and that thens riko to tho wurfaco whon spprosching maturity, The late Alr. ltobert Buist, of the Tay fisheries, states that fio Lind soen ealmon ogge, ms tho tima an- prouchod for tha ecloslon of tho llsh, rise to the warfaco fu tho breeding boxes at Stormontfield, but flfliloy always kauk again bofore tho birth of the N "The number of flsh that escapo the perils of Infancy ia very small, With aalmon it is not 10 per cont. Out of every bhundred salmon oggw spod Ty tha natural atato, {t may bo calcalat- that at Junst ono-third mies fecundation, that anothor third, owing to various causos, never Latched, Of the thirly-threo thus 3 tho tish thst emorge aro doubiloss reduced one- half hflfi(hdl anamios bofore they doscond to the HCA fore these become reproductive prob- shiy all but five are cat off by untoward circum- Btances of one sort or suotlier, If tho chunces are 60 many agalvst the eurvival of tho progeuy of “the ealmou hatched in still wators, what must be the forlorn hope of ova intrusted o tho bolsterous waves of tho soa? It {a known that a large codflah yiolds more thau 1,000,000 eggs, aud the horting Ueposite ay toauy ay 63,000, 1t is only by thivenor- mous focundity that thie watens of thioseare kupt stooked with ‘tho various tuny fribes that fu- Labit It, The struggle for oxislenco among the donizona of tha dwr 1a sovery and incessaut, and but few of the multitudes that euter upon life are able for any time to survive the strlfe. COFFFE, The early history of coffos i3 obacured bysome mystery, but it {s ssuertod by s naturalist of con- eldorable authority that {t came originally from Africa. It was cuitlvated from time immemorisl ou the declivitioa of Abgssinis, yet wea not known to the Grecks or Komans, In the A toenth ceutury it penetratod into Arsbls, and (here produced fta finost varloty, tho cofobratod Mocha, From Arabis the cultivation of tue plaut spread rapidly over iho Fast, Ite fatro- duction {nto Europo was moro slowly effectad. In 1667 & small quantity was brought to Parls by a Fronch traveler pamod 'Thevonot. Two yoars 1 0f tho Guif of Moxico, Not a singlo floworing pdant has been found | M Iator, Boliman Aga, tho Turkish Ambassador a¢ tho Court of Louis X}V., treated bis guests from the Royal household with & cup of tha boverage, sud thoy did mot find it dissgrocable. Towards tho end of tho sevenioonth contury, Wivsor, & Burgomastor of Amstordum, stiemptod the cul- tivation of coffeo in Batavis, a Dutch colony in tho Indinn Archipelago. ‘Tlo attempt wss suc- coasful, and coffce was aoon tnado a staple prod- uct u the {utande of tho Archipelago. From Batavia somo young plants were takon to tbe botsnlcal gardon at Aumsterdsin, whore they throvo vigorausly. Ono of theso plants was carried to Frauca about 1710, sad placed o the Jardin dos Plaoles. From this s n*aber of ppronts woro obtained. In 1720 or 1725 Cant. | Desclioux, of tha Froneh Navy, esoivad to nz. ronch eolonios peritment with tho plant i the “Whon embarking for ttinlque, he took from tho Jardin des Ilautes threo stallis of coffeo aud earned thon with Jum, Fho voyago waa long and difienlt, by rearon of contrary winds, wpply of water proving Insufiiclent, it was nocepuary to put the crew on rationn, Capt. Benclious, fike tho athers, lad bt a small anantity of water to drink each He divided it with’ his coffee-plauts. Notwi atauding all hix cara, two died on the passago; ouly one arrived safo and sound at Martinigue, Pus at once mnto tho earth, It prospered 5o mich and so well that from it have descended all tha coffea-treen now sproad over the Autilles aod tropical America." Haou after the fntroduction of eoffee into Lu. rape, colae-lousea “'"“F ur all over the conti- nent, 'l firet was established at Constantino- ple in 1651, In 1652 (daribg the Protectorato) & coffen-house was opened in Newman's court, Cornhil), in Londeu. The story of tins housn runs an followa: A merchant named Edwards bronght #oma coffoe homo with him from Bryr. na, aud his {riondy, hearing of the new and deli- clonu beseragn, througed his house to beg » tasto of it. To rid bimeoll of tho annosauce, tho merchiant oponed a coffee-houso_and put his Qreck sorvant st tho head of it. The first cof- Too-honso fn France waa establistied in Mar- Aoilles in 1671, A year aftorwards thera tad ono in Paris, which had many tivals witlin s brief period. Coffea (Coffaca Arahica) belongs to the nat- aral order Cinchonacwr, and lu salliod to tho (nchonas, whosa bark is omploved s 8 fobri- fage aud tonle ; the Jpecacnanka, whose root is urod a4 oo emetic; and with the Boucardias, Gardenias, and 1roras, which aro tho pride of onr hot-liotkes, Tn & wild stato the coffen plant Tidos to tha beight of fram 16 to 25 fact, with hut fow branches, The leaven are evergreen, oblog, aud shinivg, and tho small, Anow-whitn tlowers nre clustered in thelr axila. The fruit ripeud in hot-houses fu Dritain, whera the plant frequently bloveoms, ider enftivation the treo yielda its firat crop in tho third yosr from planting, and tho largent yield s not wbova s pound of the seeds. The treo continnes in flower eight monthw together, aud meantiine the kceds ara ln all stages of ma- turity. In the Wext Indics and Drazil the crop is usrvested threo times annually, A PETRIFIED FOREST. Ahout midway botweeu two popular snmmer resorts in California, Mark Weut Springs, Sonoma County, and Calistoga Springs, Napa County, is toho found one of the uniquest curiositios of thiis wonderful laud, It is the colebrated potri- fied forest, eitaated in tlio Lieart of » wild sud mountainous region. At a distance it sppears ke a mass of fallen trees, and on approaching closoly broken scetions of prostrate piaes with thelr stumps standing in sl look g8 if & wind storm had euddenly swept through the forest, suapped their stems, aud thrown hem to the ground., Examininz one of thentumps, thecircles indicating theannual growthmay bo plaiuly count- cd, and tho exuct ugo of the treo determined. Tassing ou to o fallen trunk, overy koot and tis- suro in tho bark is 88 clearly visible as though tha woodman's ax Liad felled the treo but yeater- aay, whilo sround, thickly etiowing the ground, lie fragmonts, —cbyps and broken pieces of wood, —avideutly tho work of a wood-catter. But all are turned o wolid atono; Atems, stuinpa, alivers, and sticks, sl ring whon struck, with a nctalhe sound, and are simply silicitied rock. “[ho largest of thoso trees that Liss yet Leeu measured is 11 feat in dismoter, Occaxionally a trunk bas been split futo lengtbs of from U to 7 fuot, but \ho cracks separating tho sections are 80 elight that unless closely examned they would avoid dlscovery, The gonesal color of tho petrefoctions is 8 grayieh white, but thore is a riugle excoption in'a treo that has tho appear- ance and qunlities_of stouc-coal. Tie proprie- tor of tho forest declarcs that it burne as well 24 the best variely of coal. The {nclosure whero theso curiositics ho Is cleared of uuderbroeh, but coutaing many living gpecitacns ol ork, pine, manzanits, madrons, aud other troes peculiar t the vicinity, THE ZENITH ASCENSIONS. On the 23d of March, at 6:30 p. m., the balloay Zonkth " ascended at Parts, and the followiyg day landed ot Montplaiser, Arcachon, 700 miles Qistant. Thi1 s {he longost porial trip ou recond, and was performod by M. Bivel, seronaut. with Lo brothors M. Gaston Tissandier, oditor of La Nature, and Bf. Albert Tissaudier, artit, with two othe v gentlemen, The balloon traveled southwest during tho whole night, erossiog endon, Chevreuse, Tours, Saintes, ete., and roaching the month of thoe Giroudoat 10 8. m.. haviug run €00 miles in fifteco and one-halr hours. Landing was accomplished without difti- culty by throwing out a grapnel. A serics of ju- toresting obsorvations wero mado by tho trav- olozs, whicls will be roported to the Academy of Seiences at au early sitting, Tha electricity of tho uir was tosted, sud on analyas of the atmov- phoro at different belgliu won effected. The utimost altitude reackied was 5,000 feat, 1ny this connection, it is interosting to rocall the cabla dispatel lately received which reported a second nscansion of the Zenith from Faris, for the purposa of makivg acioutitle observations. ‘Tl batioon attained thio ostraordinary hoight of 4,000 metres (over 96,000 feet). Two of the aerovauts wero susfocated to death, aud when tho alleon roached tho ground the third and only remaining momber of the party was alimost tu- wonntble. No uamos wera giveu, CAUSF OF OPIUM-BLIGHT. As the result of prolanged iuvestipetion, Dr. Cunningham has determinod that the opium- Dblight is caused by n specios of Peronozpora, a fungus belonging to tho same gonua sd that which produced the potato dissaso, lu India its ravagos serioualy affect the oplum crop. In England its attacks aro limited to tho red poppy (Papara Rhaens). In a reccotly published work, Dr. Cunniughiawm statos that the Peronos- rora arborescens is invariably vrosent on tho blighted leavesof the poppy. It bogins the work of destruction, which {8 sftorwards continued by & number of other fuugl, chiolly sapro. phytes. Tha life-history of tho Peroncspora Ia not eutirely worked out, somo facts rogarding its roproduction romaining undiscoverod, but tho growth of tho mycelium and conidia are fully doactibad, — TIE RETURN OF SPRING. Falr offapring of an alder year, Chaxte naiden season, baliny Bpring, A€ wiono awcet birth greon Uymplia appsar And warbiiug blueLirds wweolly slug, Tu o biuue iy Joyous lyre,—~ Thy charms alouo an inspires 1t 41 can 1t unfold thy beauties rare, = “[lie songs thst klad thy birtl,—the ureathing ale Witl balmy fragranca Zenby wafis along Alt (11T pajot such thinge—T lisp fn song, All hidden I did view thy birth 1 biddon uaw theo dock the carth Wit waving green aud biushing dowers, Aud vound thee circled Tosy Lovry ‘Aud mauy pymphs denced o'or the les, Gladden'd at Winer's death, and praising thea, Enchanting siug the morry birds Hweet wclodies withouten words ¢ Huch #01ga ay theirs from Nuture's font From butaan ource tiot oft aro wont ifo dow. Now do I hiear thiolr notes Tour'd warbling forth from {iny throstay Now waving woods are clad In gree ; From brooks now rlaing tists ate vacn,= “fhiey voon shall fall iu geutlo ahowets, And ras tho beads of rooning towers, itow brightly uzurs iu the skyl What varied hucs ot morniug dse The epacious East! What breczes aigh, ull-ladon with thelr fragraut boon, o chartn youvg Apring! _Lut, ol I’ too aoon, Murt ahe, d'erpower'a by Bumntier's heaty 3y, cool Telreat, Fooping tlower, dio, ¥ the 0ty BHOTUUS FIg A1 Tt i (hen T sorrow algiy Let him with trmpeats .onilict wage; 1 vain b weeka lifu-glvivg el = Iu vain,—for Spring lies placid, cold, and eahn, Who i there loves bixrsh Wikter' fruezing vuge, O finde Qelfght 10 Hummer's burnlug Lest 7 Autumn i grand, but sl ierce stortue can wage § ‘Aud By ring, belov'd of all, s fulr sud uwset, Gavsxa, T, WaLTen FOITER, Tho Ashitabula (O.) Telegraph has his stato- mont: * A number of various kindsof beedles, collected in Indis of the native huntors by tho Rev. 11, J, Bruce, now viuting Lis friouds in this placo, wero placed in bottles fillod with alcobiol and hermetically sealed. These were brought to America with him. Ouno of tho female boottes doposited wovoral oggy. Theso oggs aud fomalo were placed i & soparate visl and duly labelod with dato, and scalod oy batore, ‘Tho sealing, Lowever, was not sulliclent to pro- vent avapoiation, and the wholo contents of tie vial became nll'{ and the ewys whiiveled. The soal of this vial was not brokeu until March last, nearly four aud 8 Lialf yours after the roceivimg and bottling, Upon opeuing it wua discovored there was life in (L oggy, and by furtlier osre s live beatla was the product of 0iw of the vigs. Thiy was presorved, and after four woeks “ml“h Lad :!{hh:gd the lll:mmih of ‘lb-’l!(l&‘na u: nch, resembiing the mother iusect. development ofluwm of lfe almosh insredi- 08h ble, ware {§ oot 80 well suthenticated.” FAMILIAR TALK. THE LONDON SOCIETY OF ARTS, The Hocioty of Arts in Landon owes its oxiat ence to tho offarta of Mr. William Shipley, a landseapo painter, who in 1754 procured o meet. iug at Rawthimail's coffee-houss for tho purposo of considorivg tho ostablishment of a Society for the Encouragemont of Arts, Manufacturos, and Commerce. The primary aim of the Bacloty WAR tho fontering of art, but the industrial cle- mont was not neglected, Premiums were offared for objects range in 195 claswes undor the head of * Polito Art+." and they wera alno proffored for such practical enterprivas as tho diseovery of cobalt in Englaud, tho prowth of madder, and the manufacture of bufl leathor. At tho samo time that the Buciety was stimulating all offorts to improve tho quality of pigmenta, oils, and var- nishes used by artiate, and to perfect the pro- ceanen of wood engraving, aquatint, and mezzo- tint, it \was encouraging the intraduction of nos varieties of grasses aud roots into Ingland, nnd Destowing its rawards upon th inventors of now and improved sgricultural implemonts, of hotter means for dratuing Iaud, Barverting cropk in wot seasonk, marking shaep, and proserving tinbor. It sednlously advocated the planting of trecs, ospocialiy of the vak, and gold medals were swarded to many noblemon and gentlemen who entered largely into tho ontorprise. Under its auspices millions of oak, aab, Scotch fir, lareh, aud (eant-trees wero set out, (0 the lnmenye ad- vautage of lands that had before been barcen. Through its endeavors the cultivation of uplces was undertaken in tho British Possessions. ‘Tho cinnamon-treo was introduced into Jamaica, the mtmeg into St Vincent, tbo clove-tree into Trinidad, and the mungo and bread-fruit treo intodiffereut parts of the Went Indies, It wan oning to Ity _encourageiant that cobalt was dis- cavored fn Cornwall, the manufacture of buff loather improved, Loth copper aud brass wero tinned, and hemp. tlax, snd madder eultivatod tor home ueen. To increase tho fish trade the Hocioty expended thousands of poundr, in the ond outablishiog & segular supply for tho Lon don markets. Ints early dags, the Society domanded of the inventor whoso “sorvices it recoguized, that liy whould securo no patent on bis discovery, but give it to the warld for the bouefit aud free uso of all meu, This principle was aventually re- linquiebied, and patentoes were pormitted o read their papers beforo ihe Bociety of Arts, The inktitution hian slwass been liberal to other orgaulzations. and has froquently gravted the 1wp of it rooma for thoir ynituns meotinge, Tho Itosal Academy hLeld ite first exhibition of the works of rival artists Iu tho hall of tho Boeiely. at John stroet, Adelphi, and in 1853 the first cul- Iection of photograplis was eshibited thero. In 1816, tho Hocjety twaugurated tho custom of an- oual oxbibitions for the purpora of 1l- Jugtrativg certain branchos of Euglish in- dustry, Thogreat succens of theao osbhikitions led to tho scheme of the International Txposition of 1551, The ongiual proposition for this last great enterprizo was made to the Committee of tho Sociaty of Arts in 1844, by Bir Willinw Foth- eringill Cooke, aud at that timo decllued, Five searw Inter the plan was projected at tho aunual meoting of the Soclety, ovor which the Princo Consort prexided, and Trom this dato was rapidly curnod into exccution. lut when the prand echene camo nuder tho notico of tho Govern. ment and a ftoxalcommirsion was fssued, the im- wediate conn on of the Socicty with the Ex- position wasvevered, 1t may bo stated in this conneetion that the profits of tio Lxpotition, amounting to £156.434 1434, Gd,, were expended in aid of tho purchuso aud devolopient of tho Gore Houre entuto, In 1840 the members of the Bociaty of Arts numbered rearcely 500, Thoy now puinber over 8,000, 1n 1550 the debts of the Bacioty amount- od to £2,402. Bince then tho institution Lus mot only becomo solvent, but has scquired & large capial. It in 'etill netive iu ks peentisr #phiore of lavor, offeting & loug list of premiume, at the Lead of which Iy o series of gold medals and prizes of £50 for improved coolksmg and warming spparatis. A larzo num- Der of prizes and_medals are nléa offered to in- ventors. The Albert gold modal, ostavlizhed in momary of tho Prince Consort. to raward * din- tinguishied merit in_promoting arte, mannfac- tures, Or commerce,” was fisst prosented in 1561 to Bir Rowland Hill ; in 1565, to Napoleon HI., aod in 186G to Farad: Far the sum of 2 fuincas tho members of the Socioty aro allowed to attond ity ordinary meetiuge, the lectures cu- dowed by Dr. Cauton, and the meetings of tho African, Indisn, sod chemical #ections, to futro- Quca two vinitors at thieso meotings. aud to receivo eopy of the weokly Jowrnal of the Sociely of Arts, catablished in 1852, At ordinary meetlugs of the Society papers aro read and vors freely discussed. Mr, Decker, suthor of * Seieutific Londou,” & history of tho prominent scientitic organizations land, fromiwhich wo havo taken the abovo ticulars, jocarely says of tho meetings of the ciatys 1 enjoy myself hugoly at the Baciety of Arts, 1 kuow that, £a koon h the lecturer iy snnouncsd, somebods will make up his mind to come down and contradict all the statonients ad- vauced. No oonur doed tho vietim appear at tho roading-desk then I glanco rouud tho room, and often succecd m dotecting thosn who como to argue—if not to rcotf. There critics knosy all about the Rubject, whothor it bo Frozen Beef or machinery has uow beon romedied by gonlous inventiou of Mossrs, Gillot of tho Stoam Clock Factory, Croydon, Engluud. By thicir device the barrol 14 rolisved of tho duly of lifting tha bell-hammers, aud this ollico s past 3 The barrel siwply dutlonul by moaus of tho studs with which it l: #ol ot lovers brought oot tha o of 1 oz ammers, rivante tho bascol 1a roliovod of il utrain, whila the cam arraugement luwures perfoct preclsion in tho strokes upon new carillon spparatus bas beou wdo Worcoster Uathedral, Hamptead, the Brodfod. aud At va Sl of balle—rond of v— fif: [l’:lllll chureh of 8t Loousnd's, Bloredi and fourteen tunes wre played from two Larrolu. Alleudal Cold Ground;” Wednesday, *‘I'he Sicilian Mari- pers' Hywn;" 'Thureday, ‘‘Lavs o Yriday, “Swies Doyt Hat wald," No. 4 Barrel—Sunda Mouday, *Anpls Laul a Channel Tunuel. Thoy become faveorish if the roador of the paper e slow or at atl inarticuinto, and they look keenly ot his diagrams, meaning t0 make sliort work of those productions in due soason. For his allotted spaco the roader iy wwilered to proceed withoue lot or binderauce ; but no sooner bas ho made an end of hiy reading, thun well-informed geutlomon—who fave either bocu listening attentively or, a8 in mora probable, been thivking ovor what T oty eny. whon liohad dome—upring up and proceod to demolist him bit by bit. ~ After a whilo a reaction sets in, tho frionds of tha loc- turer support Lim moro or less warmly,—goners slly 1688, —aud tho battle becomes gouoral all along the lino. The Jioro of the_evening has the right to reply, #o that the much-valued priv- iloge of tho last word rests with him., Under theno reralations thero is ofton much healthy talk, aud occasionally oo good * tossiug and Rolng '—a quotation which reminds mo that lis Author was one of tho early debators of tho Adolpbl, and that a subject rolating to_mechan. ica was onco descanted upon at tho Bociaty of Xrts and Manufactures, with & prospority, por- apleaity, and onergy which excited genoral admi- ration, by no loss & porsonage than Dr. Samuel Jolueon.” CARILLONS, The term carillons is sppliod by the Fronch to thetunes that are played upou sois of churoh Dbells, but the English uso the name to designate tho bells thomselvos on which melodics aro rung, Tho tinest carilions (using the word iu the English scuso) {u Europo aro in the tower of Les Holles, & targe bullding standiug *in tho market-place at DBruges." In mavy places in Nethorlanda the atriking, sod chiming, and play- ing of Lelly in tho church-towers is inceessut, tho chiming accompaoying the striking of tho bours, balf-hours, and quarters, aod the playing beluy introducod botwoon times as s epocial en- tortalnment, Somotimos tho bells are played by meaus of a cylinder onstructad on the privciplo of a barrel-organ, and sgain thoy aro played wilh keys like & pisuoforte aud fingered by o muslcian, At St. Gilos’ Church, Ediuburg, the canllona are fplayed in the latter mauver, and st certaln seaxoas givo out thoir muele for sn hour daily, at tho touoh of a musician who hias o small sal: pald by the civio corpuration. Tho syntann of machiery used in pn{mp oar- Liki —ITAfttier, tha Baoll, Wednesdsy, * Laal Howo o " Bnmmars® Thurmdas Byag Bolls of Beotland;" Friday, * Thore's Nae Tuck About the House;" Baturday, * Homa Sweet Homo." Tha tunes ara played on twolve Dolls, tho tenor weighing 34 owt., and the poal ranging from CO to i, _The carillon machinery will Lo eet In motion by'tha churdh nlock every thrao hours, when tho melody set for the day 1',“” bo played threa timea over. Tho barrelt eing changed weekly s freah tuno will bo played oach das for fonrteon days, T barrels ara not contly, il now ones can bo easlly added, with different tunea pricked on eachi. At the opouing exUibition of thess carilions & fow weoks ago, Lo tunes wero all played with oxcollent offnct, and gonetally with procision in rogard to timo, The_poal at’ Worcestar Cathodral i to be mup- [;Eml by Meners. Gillett & Bland with two more lis and twents-one now tunea, making In all {iftoen bells and twenty-cight tanes. A carilfon maching in #lno being placed by tho samo firm in thn Wool Exchango, Coloman treat, Londoa, and thin will conaiut of oleven bells, and will piay dittoen meludies. NEST-HIDERS, The little apot of land rising in the Bouth Seas called Yxahol Islo {a divided atong neveral sav- 8go tribeu that aro continually at wnr with esct other, A terrible massacro oceurring in o pore tion of tho Islaid named Mahaga, tho suffurore adopted, an ameans of dofense Against fatura surrrines of o mimilarly nnpleasant nature, the cnntom of aleepiug in houses built in ligh trees, though living by day in the ordinary open bam. Voo huts. When the Rev, Coleridgo Pattoson, Bishop of tho Melaneufan Ixlands, visited Maha- R3, ho was vory cusions to inspoet these humat noets in the summits of the lofticst palma ‘They wore situated fn s awamp, that for greator safoty was surrounded by s Atrong wall, The lower bongha of the troos selected for habita. tion had been lopped off, leaving only the high- eat asn platform for the honees.” A plumb-line let down from tho veranda of one of those Ln;m;er; to the ground showod the diatauco to be 94 fect, Tho ladders leading up to tha lionsea were planted upon tho top of the wall. They eon. wiated of & bamboo pole in the ceutre, o whick crosp-pieces aboue 2 feet long were lashod by vines, Tosteady these, and aleo to bold o by, there wore doublo sets of pliant ving ateme stretched along the whole length, One ladder was fonnd to moasuro G0 feot. Another of 50 feo! had forty-two rounds or c1oga-piecer, at unaqual dliancos anart. Up sad down thoss dezzy Ind- ders tho nstive men, sromon, and ehlldrén ran liko monknys, never using thelr hands, but trusting entirely to the sure planting of their feot. At firat the Bighop dared not altompt ar axcent, sud whilo ho xtood wonderivg at the fearlonsnoss af tho climbors, 1o saw a sonan go up with o bLeavy burden on hor back a1 if it was the ossiest thing In the world, and not onco stosing horaclf with her hands, A sailor in the company of tho Bishop, who was perlectly at homo in tho shronds of & #hip, azconded ono of the ladders, and when he camo down conferned : ** I was soafraid my logt shook, Golug sloft in nothing to it.” At ai. other time tha Bi-hop bimself managed to reack one of the arboresl huth. e found it in anin- oxprenuibly fifthy condition. The tloor wns made of matted bambos, and measuted 23 feot by 11 foot, and the roof aud sides wero of palm-leat thatch. The roof was low, and there were nc spertures for nir and lght, Everything wat grimy with soot aud dirt, whilo the nofso of squalle fug abies, tho singing wnd_ scolding of women and tha chatter of all the natives together, mady ihe placo o vory pandemonium, A brief stay i the wouderful hest convineed the Bisnop that B was mnch more comfortable to aleop ta a hut on thie ground, where during the night tho -mEm! snd rqualling of tho women and babics above lim sounded as if they were in tho clondd. THE WORLD'S POPUL ATION. A paper was read before the Yianchostor Statis. tical Society, o ¥hort time ago, ealling atteutior 4o the rewearchies of tho Gotmzn statisticinns, Bolm and Weguer, with rospect to the popula: tion of the woild. Of tho many estimates of the number of inlabitants of our globo, none are accounted trustworthy. In 1685, Voreius estimated that thero were §00,000,000. Dol and Wagner sot down the number at the presons L timo at 1,301,030,000. Tho subjects of Victoris ara rated at 400,000,000, Russin bas o populi tion of 82,000,000, Iudis, supposed to be the tmost populous conntry on tho globe, how prob. ably 300.000,000 inbabitants, China fs eaid tc fisvo 400,000,000 inhabitants ; but the estimste is nndoubtedly grorsly esagorated. The popu Iation of Sonth America hus beou chocked by internal diecord. In Paraguay there i said tc have boon au actual loss of #37,000. An catl. mate based upon the past wrowth of Greal Britain aud the United Hintos, givos to the Tormer country in the yonr 2000 & ponnlation of 91,000,000, aud to the latter of 540,000,000 CHARLES KINGSLEY, THE SMOKER, Tho [ato Charlos Kingsley wasnn Invotorate smoker, the influence of tho weed baving 8 soda- tive effoct upon Lus norves that was gratoful, and evon needful. Ho always used o loug, clean, clay pipe, and thess wora bought by tho barrolful. A friond, writing of Kingeloy's hfeat the Humpshire Tectory, sayu that, *'Ihoy lurked u all sorts o) uncxpocted places. A pipa would suddenly be extractod from = bush o the garden, filled anc lighted a4 if by magic; or ono has ovon boer drawn suddenly from o whin busb on tho beatk gomo half-mile from the house,” But every pips waa put by when its fiiet freahiness wat past, snd o tho necumulation of rojected pipce 1ucroased to & barrelfnl, thoy wero sont back te tho Liln to be rabsked, It wasthis habit that suggosted tho simile in ** Alton Locke,” when James Crossthwaite romarks, “*Katio hore po- lieves 1n purgatory, whove sould are burnt cloan again liko bacca-pipes.” M. TAINE. Hyppotste Adolphio Taine, the acuts phileso- pher and briltinnt writer, was bom ot Vonziers, in the Ardennes, In 1828, His fathor was a solio- ttor. From an uncle who had lived in America hio early learnod to road and speak English, At the sge of 16 he went to I'aris and becamoa sta: dont st the Bourbon College, whera he obtainod thio firat prizo o rhotoric aud tho two socond prizea in philosopuy, At the ago of 22 ha ontered tho Normul School, having Edmund About for s clavsinate, It in said of him at thiy timo that ho was sccuatomed to do tho work of five or six weoks in oue,dovoting tho leiwnre time gainod to reading. It was 1u Lhis way Lo woent aver tln coursa of philosophy frot Thales down to Belulling, and of theology from Patras to 8BS, Augustive, IN THE SPELLING-CLASS, # T'm worey that T apelt tho word; 1 hate (o go sbove You, erause "—the brown eyes lower foll— “ Bocauas, you see, I love youl” BHIl memory {0 a gray-haired man “That swest chilil-face in showing; Daar girl, tho grasees on hes gruve Havo forty ycars bocu growing, o Yives tolearn in 1ife'n bard schiool ow fow who pavs abave bl ZLament the triutoph aud bis lors ‘Ber—bocauso they love him, — Au Atracious Urime, Palt 3ail Budget, Tt s only by a catofut study of tho provinclal illons has hitherto beou dofectivo, owl nfi 10 tho clreumstanco that the cyliudor of burrot bas lind to lift the bell-hummers, and ss these vary cons siderably in sizo aud woight s longer time was Yoquirad to ratwo the Losvior than tho lighter oucs, A certalt irregularity of rhythun fu tho yrtormanco of tunes hus boeu tho result, ile igh notes struck on the jighter bells Leing maoro rapidly oxecuted than tho low tones rung from tho larger bolte, Thiu defoct in all efifl“lnn o ne Bl:lu:l. farmod by & eacondary pleco of mechanism. roleasen o sorics of Love or lile tho koys sct upon & Bl vor %) jnto eoutact with a Jovors and cama toyethior By this con~ tho Liells of overy wize, 'Lbis ted at $t. Htophon's Uburch, Town Halls of Ltochdale and jons other places in En- plicd to the splendid okt 0 Lou m—{xn teh, 1t s latoly been ul the pgewent fs us follows: No. 1 Barrel ‘aster lymn;” Monday, * Roue of y Lodging b ou the Uowie “The Bers urday, *¢ Rock of o) Tuceday, popiors that any fdoa can bo formed of tha atro- cions offenses committod by tho ignorant classes 1 this conntry, and which would hardiy b crod~ itod in tho contres of civilization, For inatanco, »caxe hoard at tho Vorough Yotty Sossions, Peuzance, ouo day last week, and Teportoed b the Cornish Telegraph, dlscloses a ‘' mors cbliquity” on tho part of tho yonth of Uoruwall that augurs i1l for the fulure of humsmity. Alad of apout 17 yoars of age was summouud by tho Hov. @. A. Warnor, 8 visitor to the noighs borbood, for annoying him by whistling in tho Moat Market. It appesred by the rovereud gentlomau's evidence that, wlillo wakiug pur- chasos in the Meat Mlarhiot » fow dayé Bgo, Rodda whistled, snd when osked to leavo oft in= croated the volume of L tunc, lodds, it seems, was playing with gome soalos and woights, and {n aceordauce with n_ horrible custout which it §s stated provalls mmong the youtha that fre- uent tho market, was whistfing to Limself. "l‘hnrn waa no donlbit a8 to the youux miscreant’s gullt.for & butobor, who at tho timo of the la- mentable occurronco waa stending ot his stall, doposod thut Lo *‘heard llodda wlhou playing with the scalon whistling, but uot veryloud.” Ho wlgo waw the Rov. be. Warnor, who was making #purohuso of & hsep's head, roughly* and domand bis namo, - ing * most rospootfully* thot 1t was “Hodda," 1t I8 due to the wretclied youth to say tlat after commision of the offenss he showod o aitinant That tho lad camplaluan 4 wouid._spologizo. Mr, over, uml‘ Roddo hisd to pa i gl ‘melancholy luto any tunes he msy whistle for © up * rathor Lo Loy answar- sigus of imformod the was vory 6ury, , Waraer, llmw-" to sccopt au analogy, Qu. 6d. coste—a pomsn': eyonts, to throw a struin for tho MMayor declined ufliciont, at fune $0 come.