Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 17, 1875, Page 8

¥ 118 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. BWATES OF SURRCRIPTION (PATAZLE IN ADYANCE). e 'repnid at this OMce. () | Weekly, } S1ER0 [ Fire ot o “Ten cop o rate. nt §n exch town and villsge. ith such. bl T vent delay and mistakes, be sure and give Post. Office addres In full, including State and County. Remiitancesmay bomade sitherby draft, express, Post- ORcearder, or {n registared letters, at our risk, TEIME TO CITY AUTACHIRENL, Daily, delivered, Sundar excepted, 23 conts perweok. Daily, dellvared, Sunday lacluded, 30 conts per week, Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbotn. Chicago, it To M'VICRER'S THRATRE—Mad llffl Atate. Engagement of Totta, aing, & Vet of the Patticosts 'S AMUSEMENTS. atrest, between T T, tor- and sEE e Dearharn street, eorner Mone ro L Aatartarnraant. " Hoggars of Lorsobaek Ritornoon and eeRLng. AGADEALY OF MUSIG Halutedstenet beimeen Mad: D g it Monroo. ~ i:ngsgement ol the Wallsce Sisters Gombinationsws Minies k. Altoraoon aud svening. A ATRE~Randoinh steest, hotwas, ov':gunm‘:fs:vrx!.l,xr:nw,amm of, Mad. Janpuschek, Afternoon, *+Macy Stuart ) and = Come flera.’” kvens ing, ** Heary VIILY OPERA-IIOUSFE~Clark strest, opposite Bioreany Houas. - Kayae, Hail & Wambolds' Miatirels. Afternoon and evening. FARWELL JALL—Madison strest, baiweon Clark and iaSulie, Allegory of ** Tho Pilgrim'a Progress* and the lilaney Quarteito, Alternaon sud evouing. NAWICK'S WARREROOMS—Nos. 47 and 49 State lJ‘tlchmIllxl‘;-'l(Tnumlmanl. ‘Aftornovn aod eveaing. EXPOSITION, BUILDING-Tal Adams steeat. Esbibition of I Shore, foot of 1. 1GHTS OF CRI0AGO, COM. NDERY No 10, K. . Tereby notifle to mbls at the Aylum, e sted and Rtandolph- ., Batordsy, April 17, 1875, at 11:30 s, m. sharp, for e purpura of attendinig tha funstal of cur Iate Bir hit, Henry O. Finuc{. Mombers of rister Com. manderiss -;.tgchbl:n“{:"" ted {0 woet with us. By ecder of the En. G40 A, WILLIAMS, Recorder, ATTENTION BIR g ENTION _SIR KNIGHTS OF ST, BRRNARD oMy e, EVIMT2NN ave: rodated 1o B o Ecamndorg, N 1, Ko T 1157 ardor of .0, 5. 0. DICKERSON, locordus, FVILAND LODOE, No. g, A, ¥. & A, M.—The m?éh-n I‘ffl hereby notifod to assembla at the l&dv. room at 11 o’alnck sharp oo Saturday morning, April 17, B o e o Woen. Ver Grdor. 5 efathin aho 3 i fa e U NN CLEVELAND, W, Mo "BUSINESS NOTICES. SE. WIIOSE GRINDERS HAVE CEASID et l; aro fow: Go to_Dr. MCOUFESNEY™S, . One Drice, 38 full vet bost gum tooth. Testh oxtracted without pain, Satisfac. don givon or money rofunded. The Chivage Tribune, Saturday Morning, April 17, 1875, WITH SUPPLEMENT. The defent of Witz and tho election of Isrerner as Sposker of the Louisiana House of Representatives is an evidence of tho good fnith in which the WrrrrLer compromiso has boon ratified and accepted, and affords en- couragement for tho hope that the ornof peaco has really dawned for that distracted State. Esterer's elcotion wos the result of the conlition betweon the Republicans and Consorvatives, and wns a defeat for the Demo- orats, who voted eolid for Wintz, The Speaker-oloct wns a compromise candidate, and is said to bo a man of moderste, conserva- tive views and good abilities, The Patont-Office, a departmont of the Government which has hitherto been regarded &s free from the taint of corruption sndfraud, now comes in for its share of investigation. Tt i charged (hat tho Chief Examinor of the Patent-Olico has been guilty of, tha grossest abuses of the sacrod functions of his position, —such ng receiving bribes, revealing confiden- tial information, tampering with lotters patent in the intercst of rival applicants, ote. In the Intercst of American inventive skill it is to bo hioped that the Patont-Ofilco mny he clenused of oven the slightest ground for the allegn- tion of dishonesty or irregnlarity, and,whoth. er the pending investigation results in finding the Chief Examiner guilty or innocent of the sorious charges againat him, the Patent-Office will bo nono the worse for a thorough aver- hauling, An interesting outline of the preparations mnking by tho various Dopartments and Burenus of the United States Governmont for reprosentation in tho Centonnial is. fur- nished by our Washington correspondent. The display will form a prominent feature of the exhibition. Among the noveltics, that contributed by the Indian Bureau cannot fail of attracting marked nttention, Itisproposed to secure a family from ench of the distinct Indian tribes of Americs, and provide for them quarters in which thoy shall live exactly s they do in their Western wigwams, though not, we hope, with all that that implies, for & completo roproduction of the peculinr domestio habits of the noblo savage would not ba wholly agreeablo to the osthetio tastos of visitors. The Indian.family programme will bear the modifications suggested by the altered circumstances of the caso. T — Lncournged by the success of a Chicago paper in obtaining from the Postmaster of tho city tho quarterly statistics of the welght {avoirdupois) of tho newspapers forwarded through the Chicago office, a Dubuque pub Uisher has applied to the Post-Offico Depart. wment for the same information relative to the journals printed in Dubuque, whero this sort of Knowledge would be some slight clew to the general ciroulation of the various newspapers, while in Chicago the figures havo no significance whatever, The Dubuquo man received a peremptory refusal, the Department deolining to act the ancak’s part in giving out informa- tiou concorning the privato businesa affaira of individuals, Morcover, tho Postmaster of Chicago will be invited to explain hia course In the same regard, and is in a falr way to recoivo n sharp reprimand from the Depart- mont, — The Chicago produce markets were less variable yesterday, Mess pork was quiet and 1240 por brl higher, clo:ing ot $22.05 cash, and §22.86@22.874 for June, Lard was dull and 5@74o per 100 1bs higher, closing at $15.40@15.42§ cash, and $15,65@15.67§ for June, Meats were in fair domand and firmer, st 8@3}c for shoulders, 11jo for short ribs, o0d 124 for short clesrs. Highwines wero quiet and 1o higher, at $1.13 per gallon, Flour was quiet and stoady., Wheat was less active and jo higher, closing weak b $1.024 and §1.04} for May.. Corn was quiet and jo -higher, closing wesk at 72jo cash, and 77} for May. Oats were wenk, cloging at 69}o cash, and 61}c for May. Rye was in better raquest sud firmer, closing'at 81.0L DBarley wes exclted and irragular, aloaing af 91.20 for April, and 91.10@91.13 for Mny. Hogs were active and unchanged. Snlos at $7.40@9.25. Cattle were in brisk demand and sold at o redvanco. Bheep were quiet and firm at 25.00@06.75 for com- mon to choi ey Judga Jauesoy, in among the siatutes in connection with the Dearhorn strecl assossment cases, verifies the adage that it's a poor rule that won't work both ways, e hns gleaned from the Ilaw govern- ing proceedings for {he nssossmont of benefits and damages consequent npon the improvement of streots a Iargo grain of good, rquare, common sense, viz. : that if excessive nppraisoment of benefits is n ground of appenl, so also may parties re- sort to the Couris to set naide wujust and in- oquitable discrimination in the cnso of insuflicient nassessment for benefits acern- ing to property from the opening or widening of streots; in other wonls, that the man who finds that his neighbor has fared Letter than himself, with all the circum- slances and conditions equal, may obtain justice and fairners from the Inw. This do- cision is o timely innovation upon tho old methods of procecding in condemnation ‘enses, nnd one which commendsitself heartily to ona's sense of honesty aud equity, CONOURRENT AND CUMULATIVE TESTI- MONY, Tho great Brooklyn trial ealls for tho ex- ercise of much discrimination on tho part of the reading public as well as of the jury, and necessitntes tho recognition and npplica. tion of established principles of evidence, One of thess principles is so often omittod from thought, oven by quito intelligent por- sons, and yet is so often requisite in order to a just*consideration of such cases, that we advert to it, not less for gemeral purposes than for its bearing on the particular matter named. There is a wide difference between isolated nnd concurrent testimony as to the evidential value. If one man testifies that on n certain oceasion A told a lie or com- mitted o theft, the fact has weight. If two men, howover, give tho same testimony, the avidential value is not meroly twico as great, but much beyond that, becauso now a8 new foet hos come in to be ne- counted for, to-wit, the concurrenco of two independent witnesses,—a fnct which de- mands explanation over and abovethe similar statements of each. The concurrence of three would ndd immensely moro to the cor- tainty of tho case than the arithmetical ad- dition of the number of witnesses, for the same reason. It is a8 in deciding batween a casa of chance and intelligont design, On the sen-bench wo might find s letter of the alpha- bet trrced in the sand, and might feel pretty sure that it had been mado by ahuman hand yet a doubt might remain whethor it waore not accidental. But if there wero two lottersside by side, the evidenco of design would bo not merely twice as groant, but ten times, perhaps s hundred times ; while the occurrence of threo latters would bo n demonstration a thousand-fold as strong. For, while a chance cause might make a single letter, tho con- currence of two letters in tho same place by chance would be cxceedingly improbable,and that of three would be only less than than an nbsolute impossibility. And yet each of the three in itselt, and apart from the concurrence, might chance to be. "Chis points to tho great and appalling difS- culty which Mr. Bexcnen's lawyers will Lave to encounter in sustaining the theory of his innocenco, Any ono damnaging fact, perhaps, might be plausibly nccounted for, and even ench of eight or ten such facts taken sopa- rately in o8 many enses. But what shall be done with the farmoro significant fact of their conctrrence in this ons case? That Mr, Tr- N should testify squarely to Mr. B.'s guilt; that o written nccusotion of Mrs, Trtox's should have boen made to tho same effect, which, though recalled, wos again affirmed ; that ALr, MourTox shionld add his minute and expliait testimony ; that Mrs. MourTonshould do the sumo ; that Mr. Beeonen should have pursned the policy of concealment for yenrs ; that ho should have nuthorized tha apolo- gotic statement in writing to any extent; that ho should have received stich a letier from Mrs, Monsz ; that ho should have written the serics of agonized and remorseful lotters to Mr. Mourton; that he should have paid Dessix Tunxen's school bills ; and that ho should have voluntarily placed 5,000 in Mr. Movrron's hands for tho benefit of Mr, TrTov,—these are but ten of the many facts of dendly aspect, oach of which is of fearful danger, and the concurrence of which in one cnse requires an explanation whichin pointof difficulty no man was ever beforo called upon to furnish, It is not for us to affirm, at thia stage of tho trial, what can or cannot be done in this respoct. Certainly we would notdeny the power of real innocence to vindicate it- self. 'Wo only indicata tho exceoding gravity of tho situntion above what is commonly sup- posed, sud the bearing of the recognized laws of ovidence; for the forcoof concurrent evi- dence incresses not by arithmetical, but rather by geometrieal, progression. If the first pleco of evidence be valued at 10, the second will be 20, tho third 40, the fourth 80, and the fifth 160; and thus five, inatoad of amounting to only five times the first, or 50, will sum up 810, while a series of ton concurent testimonies, instend of being only of the valuo of 100, would be equivalent to 10,2801 Every philosophlo ressoner is familiar with this cstablished mothod of estimating the probabilities for oragainstagiven snpposition, And this is but a moderate way of stating the ovidential law, Of courge it must be ap- plied, so far as it attnches, to both sides. ‘This is not the view that tho inconsiderate multitude will take of the naturo of the evi. dence in this caso, for they are not nccus. tomed to weigh testimony and to study the character of proof, Easily, also, it may be overlooked by the warm personal friends of Mr, Brecnen, who are ready to accept his word against the world, But they must not thus decsive themselves, or thinlk that the grent Brooklyn preacher can be made an ex- ception to tho necessary rulos of evidence. Above all, My, Bezonen must realizo that his situation, coolly estimated in the case of an. other man, would bo cousidered well-nigh desperate, because of the moral force of the significant concurrence of damaging facts in his case ; and that this forco cannot be over- come by humorous remarks, or adroit cvasions, or rhetorical foervor, or even the most positive deninls, on his part, His ex- planations of all the acousing facts muat not only be entirely rational andin obvious ac- cord with his innocence, but his defonse wmust utterly destroy the aggregate and multi- plied power of their strango concurrence ; for the effect of court-room excitement and eloquence will bes evanescent, and the verdict of the jury will ba but of secondary impor- tanco, Tho final earthly decision will bo not by partisans on either side, but by tho body of clesr-headed, intelligent, and unblased mep, who will be impresved by loglo rather than by rhetoric, and who will apply to this case the inflexible rulos of evidonce which YHE CHICAGO TRIBUN SATURDAY, APRIL 17, I875.—TWELVE PAGES, aro for univeranl uso. And what they con- elnde will mako its way, in timé, through all ranks of society, and will be recorded as the verdict of History ! O —————— PLATFORM OF TH?BTA‘HENUAN COMMUN-~ Tho * National Industrial Congress,” if we may judge from tho tonor of the resolutions adopted nt Indinonpolis the other dny, is really the name for a central association of Americon Communists, It there wero no constituency for the doetrines thers promul- gated oxeept tho handfal of obsenro fanntics who assombled, the matter would not be so- rious. 'The trouble ia that a very large por- tion of these tenets find an approval from in- terested classes, and ropetition of them in a respectable form and by n roputable gather. ing increnses tho danger., We have alrendy re- ferred to the financial vagaries aud absurdities of the Convention, condensed in a goneral do- mand for an unlimited paper currency based on tho intangible moonshine which they dub “ faith and resonrces” of the nation, Wo wish to direct public attention to some of the other demnnds not any more reasonable. We quote extracts from tho platform, which do- wmands, among other things: 1. The abolisident of the contract system on Na~ tional, Blate, and municipal work, Woa rofer the people of Ohicago to the new Custom-Houso now in processof construction under the system tho Communists demand, In addition to recoiving ten thours’ pay for oight hours’ work, tho actual labor performed is not more than hulf as much as that done for private persons. This Government build- ing, in consequence of the shirking and *old sogering,"” is costing the country two pricen to erect it, and the extra cost is coming out of the pockets of the business and industrial clnsses. 2. A'cheap form of transportation, to facilitate ex- change of commoditics, The Grangers have been all over this ques. tion. Congross has been all over it. Every- Lody hns been all over it. We have searcely heard of anything else for the lnst three or four yonts. Arnd, aftor all the digcussion and legislation on the subjoct, the whole country, including the Grangers, has sottlod down to tho conviction that, nnder our form of Government, no better system can be devised than to foave private business of all kinds to privato enterprise. Tho competition of the Baoltimore & Ohio Railrond on the ono hond, and the safeguard of the Erio Canal and the inland lakes on the other, aro kaving more to the American peoplo in the cost of transportation than all tho logisla- tive dovices that have boen invented tosecure chonp transportation. Fortunmately, the popular mania on this subjoct had expended itself before any of the profligate schomes introduced into the late Congress could bo formulated, and tho country will now eseapo the chagrin of a failure and the wasto of onormous sums of monay sure to follow any attempt to span the continent with Govern. ment railronds, 3, The sbstitution of arbitration for strikes when- over and wherover employes sud employers aro willing to meet on equal grounds, The lack of intellectual resourcesin this ¢ Industrial Congress” wos conspicuous everywhere, but nowhero more conspicuous than above. It has long ulnce been conceded that arbitration is a much better solution of differonces between employera aud emplayes than strikes and lock-outs, and this plan is already ndoptod whenever both parties canbo indnced to agree to it. But, if -it was the purpose of tho * Congmss " to promote and further this plan, why wasnot some practica- ablo system suggested which would substituto arbitration for strikes ? Simply to recommond it, where all parties are willing and agreed, is vory much like a formal declaration that pence is preferable to war. ‘ 4, The prohilition of tho {mportation of all servils | raees, and the discontinuation of all subsidics granted to nationsl vessols bringing them to our shores, The ¢ Industrinl Congress” was composed of a set of people who evidently haven't been’ roading much of late years. If they had, they would kmow that there has been no im- portation of servilo races in this country since 1808, when tho constitutional prohibi- tion of tho slave-trade went into effoct. If the above demsand refers to the Chineso, then it is nn exhibit of additional ignorance. China is o free country ; there is no servile ace there in the sonse of slavery, bondage, or involuntary servitudo, There has been a practico of making contracts with Chinamon for a torm of years at a certain prico, with an ngrocment to return them, dead or alive, to their homes at the expiration of that term. There have probably beon abuses of this sys- tem; but wo do not think that it is necessary to make & constitutional amondment forbid. ding such contracts in California, The most profitable thing people can do is to mind their own business. 5. To advance the atandard of American mechanica by the enactment and enforcement of equitable ap- prentico-lawe, The menning of this demand is not clear. If, ag wo presume, it refers to tho arbitrary and tyrannical rules adopted by cortain trades-nnions to limit the number of approntices and kesp Ameriean boys from learning trades undor the pretext of keoping up wages, but really to furnish situstions for more foreign workmen, then the demand that this abuse shall bo corrected by legisla- tion is fair, just, and desirable. 'This as. sumption of tho right to dictate what trade s boy may or moy not learn, or limit the number of approntices for each trade, is alto. gother unwarranted on the part of the trados. unions or any other organization. It is an outrage upon the Amerioan youth, forcing them to become streot-Arabs and vagabonds in order to make room for the foroign ma. chanios that flock into the country, who snatch the means of livelthood out of the hands of American youths, including the tono of omigrants ns well as those of na. tives, 6, To abolish the systera of contrscting tha labor of convicts in our prisons snd reformatory ine atitutions, ‘What, then, shall be done with the con. victa? Bhall they be imumnersed for years in solitary confinment, and maintained at the publio cost? Both humanity and political economy are opposed to any such disposition of thom, 'The real objection which tho ** In. dustrial Congress™ has to the conviot-labor is that the trades taught in the prisons enablo the convicls to mnke an honest living after thelr dismnissal therefrom, snd this, it is thought, onlarges the competition for em- ploywment. The demand, therefore, is utterly selfish and mean, 7, The reduction of the hours of labor to sight por day, #0that laborers may have tiore tims for social enjoyment snd {ntelloctusi fmprovement, and be able to resp the sdvantages confercod by tie labor-saving muachinery which their brains bave creatsd, Without pausing to count the number of| Iabor.gaving machines that have been inverit- ed by the trades.unions, we will simply ask whether the **Industrial Congross” expeot 1aburers shall receive ten hours' pay for eight hours' work? We presume 80, aiuce they can now work eigt hours for eight hours' poy. Infact, tuls s the usual praotics in e wintor senson. But, if thoy are to re. ccive ten honrs' pay for elght hours® work, who is to give them this gratuity of 25 per cent? Their employors certainly cannot afford to present to every workman two honrs’ pay every day for non-production, If not their cmployers, who then ? 8. To prevent by lawful means tho Invoking the aid of the milltary whenever and whotever tho folling masscs refuse to aubmit to the Arbitrary and unjust demands of aggregated waalth, snd whereby men en. lsted 84 the nollou's defendera become the nation's oppreasors, If wo accopt the liternl meaning of those words aa the meaning of the * Congress,” the demand is porfectly propor. The fact is, the military never have been used in this country, and never will bo used, to coerco tho * toiling mnsses” to submit to the “‘ar. bitrary and unjust domands of aggregated wealth,” When workingmen strike for high- er wngos, and then turn out with arms to prevent other men from working at the price they have refused, orto burn and desiroy property, the ald of the military is involed to nuppress the outrage, If it is intonded that the military shall not be used to protect thosa willing to work or the property of the employors from incendiary destruction, or ucighborhoods and citics from mob violenco and riots, nnd the peaco of communities from * Molly Maguire " outrages, then we foar the Communiatio Congress will not have their prayer granted in this conntry, BTATE BOMOOLS. Thoe New York Daily Bulletin is one of tho few logical opponents of compulsory educa. tion in the country, It finds itself forced, in order to sustain the *“right” of parents to starve their children’s minds, to deny the nd- visability of the Btate’s supporting any schools at all. This i the only position which a disbeliover in compulsory education con logically take, If the State has the right to tax its citizens in order to buy ground, build schools upon it, aud pay teachers, it baos the right to compel parents to lot their children attend. 'Tho right to levy this tax is justified only by tho fact that tho public nohools mako better citizons out of the rising genoration. If they do mot, their ralon d'etre censes. Tho State thus holds the school-tax as a trust, In order to justify its collecting it, it must apply it to the purpose alrendy sot forth,—tho cul. tivation in citizenship of all the youth. Bo far as it fails Lo do this, so fares it allows the cliildren of the’pooror any other class to grow up in untrained liconse and reoruit the ranks of oriminals,—just so far is it faithless to its trust and deserving of rebuke. The citizen then has a right to complain rud to inaist that tho money he has paid shall be so used that its worth will be returned to him or his children and country in decrensed crime, greator security, and purer politics, The right of universal taxation for schools in- volves the duty of universal education in those schools or others as good. The Bulletin tacitly admits that if State schools are proper, compulsory edueation is ingvitable, At the closo of an editorial in support of the natural right of adults to braed paupers, idiots, and criminals, it says: *“As a final result, its [the com. mon.school system's] total destruction may bo fairly prophesied; perhaps, after all, how- ovor, such & consoquonce would be the dest thing that could happen, ond tho Btato going out of business as a toacher, popular educa- tion would bo taken up as n matter of busi. ness, philanthropy, and religious propagand. ism, producing, wo doubt not, much batter .ond more abundant fruit than under the ex. isting methods.” This is n frank confession. Wo aro glad to sco that the contest is narrowing down to its real issuo,—compulso- ry schooling or no Stato schools at all, It is well that this altornative should bo under- stood, Just s n matter of curiosity, we nhould like to know why the Bullstin thinks that tho forces of business, philanthropy, A religion will educate a nation better than ftate schools. Tho declaration is somowhat amazing, isasmuch as all thros of theso com. bined hava nover, at any time in the higtory of any nation, given n decont eduostion to one-third of tho rising generation, The fu- ture will not take up these broken education- al tools, which the present has cast aside as unworthy of uso, THE SOUTHERN PAGIFI0, It scoms that the Nnshville Banner has beon attacking the motives of Tue Crrcaco TrinuNz in opposing tho Tox Bcorr subsidy of a hundred or more millions to the South- orn Paciflc, though wo shonld be ignorant of the fact if the Louisvillo Commercial had not called our attention to it. Tho Banner, it seoms, charges Tue Trmung with opposing tho subsidy bocause it is & Bouthern measure, Thoreupon the Commercial comes to our defense, and we wish it hadn't. Tho Com. mercial says ¢ 1t 3t does not suit the Danner toadmit that Tme Tamoxzis actusted by principle alone in this mat- ter—which, indesd, wo are not propared to sssert—wo can wuggest an explonation of ita coursa entirely ado- quate, and which hasthe advantage of not bringing in that unheslthy ond morbid falk about sectionsl aui- moaity, The presunt Pacifo Ralircad & s Chicago road. It fewolocated and controlled as to be directly tributary to Ohlesgo, It gives Chicago the firat alic attho busineas of the I'acifo slope, and & chance for great profit from the growing trado with Japanaud Ohins through Pacifio ports, The Bouthern Pscifio Rosd will not ba s Chicago $0ad, It will boa rival to Ohicago™s road, ond n very formidable one, bacatnse over & much more desiratlo lne. It will tend to build up rival cities and toarray compelition againat Chie cago's trade {n the Woat, This is reason enough for Chicago papars to opposa the Bouliiern Pacifio Toad, without bringing {n feelings between North and South that have nothing to do with §t, 8o far as tho opposte tlon of Tux Twwuaxto this road {s due to anything ‘more than its general bostility to raliroad subsidics, it ‘comes, not from the fact that Tax TRisuNE 1s & Northe orn paper, but thiat it (e s Chicago paper; not from the fact that the road it opposcs 1a & Southern road, but (hat 1t {e » road that will injure Ghicago businese, With becoming gratitudo for tho Oommers cial's good intentions, we canuot but regard its oxplanation of Tux Tnmuxe's opposition a8 fnvolving a monner spirit than the *‘scc. tional projudice* which the Banner attrib- uted to us, Tho Banner says it is preju. dico; the Commercial says, **Oh, no, not projudice, but interest.” Wo regrot that nefther can understand why a newspaper should oppose or advocsto any evil project in ap honost and patriotio spizit, The Commercials explanation is not only a misconstruction, but the facts in the case do not sustain it. To begin . with, the present road fa not ‘a *‘ Chicago rond” in any senso, Thero ia a Central Paciflo Road which runs aa nearly on a centrs line ncross the continent a8 §t was practical to build it, ond this has two prongs,—one of which pasies East by way of Chicogo, Detroit, Olovoland, and Buf- falo, and the other by way of Bt, Louis, Louls- ville, Cincinnati, and Whooling. Onelsan out- 1ot to Bostonand New York ; theothor to Balti. inoro and Rishmond; and both connect with the Ponnsylvania Central system of ryonds which have their tormini in Philadolphia. All tho roads loading from the Ohio River south to Bouthern cities, snch as Momphis, Nushville, Atlanta, New Orleans, Moblile, Savannah, and Charleston, connect direotly with ths Bouthern or Kaases branch of the Centrnl Pacific Rond. Chicago has, thero- ‘fore, no present ndvaniagos over the cities named except those which ita own ecen. tral location aud the euterprive of its people afford it. In tho second place, avother Pacifio Road on thoe ronte pro- posed by Tox 8corr, running from tho Pa- cific connt at Ban Diego, through Arizonn and New Moxico and Texns into Mississippi, and thence to Charleston, could not deflect 85 worth of business from Chiengo in a cen- tury. Wo don't think it would have any business to deflect for about that length of tima; but, if it should have, it would Lo busi- ness that would go ria St. Louis and the other citios wo have namad, in the absence of the ‘Texas, Arizonn & Paciflc Road. Thus Chi- eago can have no special or selflsh interest in apposing the construction of the Southern Pacifle, As a matter of fact, wo have no objection whatover to the building of & road from San Diego to Vieksburg, or from San Francisco to Nashville, if privato capital can bo induced to build it. What wo are opposed to is the levying of enormous contributions upon the ontire country to be wasted in an nnproduc- tive onterprise, which, cannot oven claim tho exploded oxcuse of *doveloping the re- sources” of tho country. If the Bouthern press and demngogues shall succeed finally in mortgaging tho nation for the subsidy they ara howling nftor, they will sce the time before the cost, interest and principal, is paid by tazation of tha whole people that they will regrat the folly as sincerely as those who opposed it. ‘WANTED—A DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE. Ihero is just mow au interesting wrangle mmnong the leaders of the Democratio party as to whother the next President (Demoeratic) shall be selected from Now York or the West. The Democratic party ssems to bo unmind. ful of the proverbial folly of counting chickons beforo tho incubation is complete, and alike forgotful of the experience of the man who, in his excitoment as to the wonder- ful things ho wonld do with the proceeds of & valuable erystal Lo had for sale, kicked the treasuro over and destroyed it. Indeed, so violent is this strife that thore ara those who prefer defent rather thnn the success of any but their local friend. The prosent Governor of New Yark has done a good work in exposing the wholesale frauds and infamics of the New York Canal Ring ; but it appears that a ko oxposuro of these rascalities might hinvo Dboen made at any time during the last twelve years. Tho ovidence of all tha robberies is a matter of rec- ord, and might have been produced by any CGovernor who wanted to doso. Itisseid that Gov. Sam Triupey long know of this mine, and sought the offico that ho might ex- plode it and bo ndvertised to the country as tho groat discovercr of fraud and vindieator of official integrity in time to be the Damo- cratic condidate for President in 13701 Hardly had ho written his messngo upon the canal frauds when there was a simultaneous suggestion in various parts of the Erstorn country that *honest® Siw TiLoky bo the Presidentinl candidnte. But the suggestion was only successful in provoking hostilo protests. The Cinciunati Enquirer ot onca charged home that Naw York was the graveynrd of Democratio caudi- dates. There was Vax Bonew in 1810, Mc- Crerrax in 1864, Srymour in 1868, Grezrey in 1872,—all conceded to New York by the other parts of the country. Represonting tho Democrats of the great West, tho Enquirer prutests that the party has been dofented too often by having candidatos from New York to go to that Btate sgain, partioularly when Ohio hos soveral citizens competent and anxious to serve the party and the country in that capncity. The New York World, Trr- pEN's home organ, makes a feeble attemnpt to answer. It claims that neither States nor seotions have any right to a condidats, who must bo tnken from the country at largo without roferenco to his rosidonce. It shuts down hard upon any iden that the Northwost haa any claim to the office,—cspocially that part of the West whero the Domocracy opposs specie pay- ments and favor dopreciated graenback shin. plasters as a substitute for coin. It thus ez eathedra rules out the wholo Ohio achool of Domocrats In 1876 & candidato will be choen by the Demozracy with but two wonditions : firet, that he {a s cltizen of the Unitod States; and second, that ho fs the most compatent of its citizens to eTect Administrative Re- form and carry a sound, wise, safe flscal policy, ‘I'ho inforonce, of course, is that the Western greenbackers aro opposed to a flecal policy that will be considored safo in Wall atreet. Mr, TioeN, howevor, is not to carry off the honors without n contest. Ohio Lins Ancjent By Aveey, and Repudiation Pexprrrox, and Oily-Gammon Tronaan,each willing to serve. Indiana has Artful-Demngogue Henprices and Wildeat Buomaxax,—the latter counting largoly upon the prestige of his name, - Mis. souri has Confederate Boay, backed by 'the certain vote of the State, Kentucky has ona or two candidates, and conspicuously stands ex-Gov, Warxen, of Virginia, who, like MarTiN VA Bunen (anothor of New York's unfortunato candidates), is a ** North. ern man with Bouthorn principles.” Ex-Gov. Boorm, of California, too, comes to the fromt, in all the proatige of his victory over tho raiiroad monopolies. Othor States are yet to bear from, But the fight of seo- tions hos begun. Thoro has not beon a Democratio Convention since 1832 that Now York has not had from one to half a dozen candidates, In 1840 Van Bunex was nomi. nated and defoated. In 1844 thore wore Mizrcy, and Wrienr, and Van Buaxy, but the party went elsowhere and clected thoir mnan. New York tried again in 1848, 1852, sud 1840, but failed. In 1804, 1808, and 1872 the nominations were given to her, and the candidates wore defeated. Sho now wauts it again, snd the Western Demoeracy, who want to win and who will have to fur. nish the votes and do the electing, will in. sist that the next mon be taken from the ‘Weat, which haa nover yot had a Democratio President. This fight, already warm, prom. {sos to become moro intense as 1876 draws nenrer, Nowhere does the whirligig of timo bring around such ourious results as in Southern politica, In the Lonisiana Leglslature sov- eral of tho Ropnblican members seated by tho Returning Board were mads to give way, undor the Waxzrrzn compromise, to Dema- cratio contestants. Among these was a col- ored man named Porvpexten. The report of the proceedings says ; Mr. Ponepsases hed 8 fow parting words to say, Ha withdrow, he vald, with plosaure, because the man to tuke hls sead was one who owned bim in former days, and his hands wore not stained with palitics) blood, e kuew the gentleman would not go sgslust the Civil-Iights LU, Horo was an ox-slave elected to aseat in the Logislature which was clalmed by his ex. master; and, whon the ex-master received the seat on arecount of the votes under s puflfiu‘l eompromise, the ax-slave relired in confldenco that his former master would not join in any projact for nbridging the righta of tho former slave. Waa not this a thrust at the carpet-bag systom of politica? Does it not Indicato the beginning of the end of the Boutl's political sorrows? It would cor- tainly, if tho sentiment wora general. It Is narrated of one of the Ifenovs that, in order to gocuro that popular mourning at his de- ceago which the evant of itsolf waa not likely to causo among his loyal subjects, ho ordered the oxecution of somo of tho principal mon of the RKingdom immediately upon his own death, DBy somo such auslogy the author of the momoirs which havo Leen cnjoyed so much ey bo spoken of as the lamented Mr, Gnevicie. Bub hia enomios aro endoavoring to impeach Jus tos- timony by publishing the oath he took not to tell anybody, aud hore it ls: You shull swesr o _be a true snd falihfal ser- vant tnto the Quoen's Majesty, in fhe exorcires of the funcllons of tho Clork of fhe Privy Council u ordinary, You shall not know or undere stand of any mauner of ihing (o Lo attemipled, doae, or T“m aqrainat her Majesty’s person, honor, crown, or dignity royal; but you ahall let, and’ withaiand the tama'lo ilie ullermost of your power, nud alther do or camise It 1o bo revealed, efiher to her Majesty hierself or tothie Privy Council. 'You shall keep socrotall mate tors commltied and revealed unto yori, or that_siall ba trested or secretly fu conncil, And if any of " the safl treatien of councila shall touch uny of the counselors, you shall not reveal it unto him, but shall keep tho #ame unitl such titne ax by the conscnt of hor Majesty, or by the Councll, publication shall Le made thorcof. You shall to your uttermost bear faith and alleglance to the Queen's Majcaty ; andahail assiat and defend all Jurisdictions, pre sminences, and_ authorities granted 1o hor Majealy, aud annesed to the Crown hy st of Farliament, or olherwise, sgajnst ull foreiga I'rinces, persons, prelates, States, or potentates, And gener ally fn all things you absll do ns a faitbful and true nervant snd Aubjoct ought to do to Ler Sajeaty. Bo help your dod, and by the holy coutents of 1hls ook you o swear, Tho franda which have lately boen fastenod on cortain persons jintrusted with the repairing of mail-bags appoar not to bo of =0 groat magni- tudo aa at firat reported. The two deposltbries of mall-bage whers pocnlations bave been dis- covered are situsted in Indinnapolla and 8t Louis, At both places, tha practica was to in- Juro bags on purpoxe that thoy might bs ropaire «od, and then to mako tho charges as hoavy as tho ciroumstances and an casy oonsclonca would pormit, Tho inveatigation thus far haa dovelop~ ed atotal loss to the Dapartmont of $15,000 ¢ and it may yot appear that a larga partof this wna legitimato profit. Altogether tho facts soom to bo quito unworthy of the great hullaba. loo that has boon ralsed. Tho fairness with which the Opposition nowspapers havo approachod this subjoct may ba judged from tho argumont of the Now York Sun, that, because $15,000 haa been lost in two places, the nggrogate stealngs must reach §70,000, The crodit of discovering theso small leaks and promptly stopping thom bolonge to Postmaster- Qeneral JEWELL, who lias preessd tho worlk of purifylog hls Depurtmont from the day hoe took oflice until now, The Interior, in on articlo upon the Peniten- tiary at Joliot, spcaksin torms of tho highost commendation of tho oxcellont ordor and diaci- pline enforced over tho 1,400 convicts conflned there, but takes occaslon to comment upon the * ducking " and * ring-hoit ” punishments in operation pravions to the present ndministration, The Joliet Kepublican points out that uoder the imbecile adminiatrations of Wardens Peaxing and Anxovp, the discipline of the Penitontiary smounted to nothing but anarchy, adding ¢ At tha timo whon WASDURN sasumed the manage- ment of the Prison, and for a long time afterward, it Wos 08 ncoemsary aud proper to reeort to the ring- Bolt," the ™ nolitary cel"aud other davices, to ntimie duto the brutish, obdurate, and deviliah charsctors, that long license hiad made deflaut and doaperate, as it would bo out of place and_unnacoseary now to resort to anch expodients to enforca disciplina, And the prosent oxceilont condition of affairs shows that Wasnpuan's theory waa correct, —_—— Our Canadien conains are terribly scandalized ovor some rocont doclaions upon the matrimo- ninl contract, notabiy that of Burrogate Horen- 1og, of New York, in which o woman who had lived and passod off as tho wifo of ono Resxy waa dectared to bs his wife by contraot and con- tinued cohabitatlon. Tho Toronto Zeader prenchos & vory serlous sermon in the hope of awakening Amoricana to the danger of such laxity in the lawa of their conntry. As a matter of fact, the roin {8 tighter than that of Groat DBritaln. .and Canads, A man who passes = woman off ag his wifo in many States of this conntry must prove she {s not bofore ho can do- sert hor. in Caxnada hoe can dispose of lisr when bo wants to. It may gail the boys a littls, but it congerves morality. Epoan Quiner, thesFroach poet, hiatorian, and philosophor, whose doath was announcod several weeks ago, was burled oo the 20th ult. His funerat waa in the plain, unostontatious, yet highly sentimental, manner of the Communs, The chief distinclion of the servioos was the absence ‘af mll clerical participation. It wasa civil intorment, puro and simple, Almost 50,000 porsons, it is cetimated, followed tho remaina. At the grave, discoursss were pronouncod, in accordanco with tho French custom, by Vieror Huvao, M. Busasox, Presidont of tho political group of Deputios to which Quiser bolonged: Lanovraye, a follow-professor In the Colloge of France; and GAMBETTA. g A Domocrata don’t want Dastiles, Al they want fan Utle Lallot-box with & liolo 1a the top,~Gor, Allen, of And each o chance to stuff a handful of tick- ets into it through the little Loloin the tsp. And they don't want to be thrust into Dastiles— 1, e., jalla—thorefor when eaught in the act. PEREONAL, . Drraxo Is dyspoptio. Mme. Dk MxrrRaNion is as homely as pos- siblo, Bupo DonrLe, the celebrated tralner, isat the Palmor Houso. - Perrovrux V, Nasoy arrived yeaterday at the Grand Paciflo, A Leesburg, Va, man has found a potrified swallow, but that has not made a summer, ‘Why does not Trutoxn interviow himself snd eay something fuony, or puogout, or popular ? The immortal De Vivo, agent of D1 Munaga, !l. in thoclty. The prims donns will arrive to- 8y, EwmensoN & Kexneoy, of the Weat Side Li- brary, bave Godey's Lady's Bool: for May, Well, whatof it ? Wtrer-lventenarian gome—Mrs. Porry Hongycurt, of Boonville, Ind.,, who clozed & sweot lifo of 110 years, The Bchool-Board of Benton, Me., is composed entiroly of women, It would be unkingd to refer to them oy Benton mischlef. KatueniNe Ronzps has been playlng Queen Katherine at McCurtovan's theatre, ' Whole- somo Jonx" playlug olsey. Bura QGueey, the fish-culturist, has already distributed 400,000 salmon-trout fry tbis sea- s0n In Amerioan lskes sud rivers, Blshop HusTivaroN desoribea a Rituslist as ' s modern Anglican sontimentalist makiog pos- tures iu the geave-clotbes of a dead doluslon,” Philadelphia papers urge shal the noxt Repub. Mean Natlonal Convention be hald in Cbicsgo, Dhitadolphis Las too much Contonnial to at~ tend to. Husax B. AnTHONY mhould not bave told the 8t. Lonls Republican persoualist that his poverty waa the cause of her jlitiug him. Xt turned his bilo blsck, AL b rnest solicitation of my wife and children, Ibave consented to become a candidate for County Treasuser,” a8 & Missiasippl candl- date put it Dax Bavayr, NsLez 8xyxous, Usawonre, and Bupwosxn were once members of tho same min- strel organization, and died withiu sixty days of ono suother, Honack Wuirs, ALYRED Cowres, and ARTAUR Wuxxres went up the outside of Mouut Vesu- vius in company, on the 28d of March, and stood for a while on the ragged edze of the cave of gloosa a4 the top of that celsbrated mountslo, Tho party had plenty of the “crayther® them, though strictly tempoiato,— Colberk, Hanny ConNweLL, of Bt. Josoph, Mo, fu 8 ds. faulter. Ho laepoken of aam young man of great intogrity and prowlso, and the nucpluy of promise was lils ruln, Col. PowzLy left a niote at his badaide *hich read: It b fn poszible forn man to commy amcida and be rational at the samo time, thy man fa Joun M. PowsLL." ' B. F. Burter has voluntarily dofondat two orphan pirls of Washlugton whese uucle wantry. ing to dispossons them of thoir Property, The coso hag ocoupied fiva woeka alroady, Boaton tailora thiuk thole enstomors myy have got liold of tho mecrot by which tlie Tarscl, ites under Mosgs wandored forty yoars in e wildernoss withiout getting naw clothes, DnowyLow 1s warming up to hiy work, ang the way ho colls & contomporary *'a £o0thies, fanglesa old “reptilo ¥ would maka 8 Cincinyayj editor onvious,—Louisvilla Courier-Journal, Thoro Is an association at the Vest callsg *'Danien's Band.” e were undor Lo impre,, slon that DanirL's menagerio oxperiouce way not onlivenod by nn orchestra.—Doston Bulleti, Lroxanp Groves comos to the front, biY can't be left. 1Ile, $oo, nppears at Manger Garpinen's benoflt, on the 24th, Whay wfll Groverdo? The \Western manngora ssom unlted on this subject. A roal pirato named Rros pE RaLro, now ey old, auddenly turned up at Cedar Koys, Fin,, the othior day, and dug up an frou chest containiy, rare jowols and Epanish coins of an estimated value of $10,000. Novw 18 tho timo whon every lover of his coup, try sbould do his Loat to provent her from ol to war, as Col. Pnzp GRANT has rosigned, Tne momory of the men Le slow in battlo has mygy tho profession of arms intolorablo to him.— Brooklyn Argus. = Tho Prosident and Mrs, GnaxT, with mombery of tho Cabinat, arrived in Now York Thuraday night, and left yostsrday morning for Boston, A committeo of the Muissachusctts Leglalatnry joined tho Presldontial party. Thoy all Lad tg purchase tickets before entoring tho apectal tiig in which thoy left Now York, Dr. NewxAn has ushered luto thia wieke world of * evontuality and **lengihy " apuip of queationablo twing, * maximize " and * fnjgle mize,” Whether tho doar lttle cresturos wig livo s aqaestion yet to besolved. Dr.R, g, Warre's opinlon {8 againat thole ** survival, Foraman who habitually wears a red nighte sbirt and snffers from tho unfortunate allitds of *The Lita of Ohrist,” §20 s s consldoratly sum of money; but Bast WrrLiwsox presented it as tho cornor-stono of & subsctiption lo Dax Bayant's family without & murmur. Madamo ANOELOT, of Paris, baa juat died st the age of 8. ‘Blio was celobrated s a dramati suthor aud g a wit, It was she who sald. am tho happlest of women. I have a soneine law of whom ovorybody s talking, and a daugh. tor of whom no one has aver said & word." Fionextmio, s Parisiso musleal critie, wa blackballod by the Socisty of ** Men of Letters," and dotorminod to call out every memberof the Boclety in alphabetical order. He commenced with AxMepER ActaRD, and perforated him, aud wag going for the noxt whon the polico appeared on tho sceno and ho wad imprisoned. “Iremember,” sald Mr, Kino [n the green room of Drury Lane, **that whon ILad been s short time on the stage I performed ono night King Richard, gave two comlc songs, played in an loterludo, danced & hornpipe, spolo a pro. logue, and aftorward scted harloquin, in shariog company; and after all this fatigue my uhere came to 8 ponce and two ploces of caudle” H. M. Hroomxs, Erq., of Ban Diego, Cil. formerly au old rosidont of this city, recenfly met with a serions accidont, which woll nizh coat him hia Jife. fo was engaged in somore paird on & windmill npon his ranche, nearSin Diego, when ko was csught upon one of tus fane and carriod up to height of 80 feat, from whonoce be fell to the ground, alighiting upon his back, Ho was {nssnsiblo for several hours, and racaived severo internal injuries, which contind him to his bod for savaral days, but at last ace connts it waa thought he wonld recover, l though his injuries will probably affoct bin through lite, . with “1 TIOTEL ARRIVALS. Sherman House—Joseph Whitauead, Trontony & 9, Donach, Waabington; 3. E. Weanon, Worcesior, . 8.0, Klng, Austin, Tex.; Col, I, Alexandgr, Tl 3. O’Conuor, Boafon: oo iggten, Now Sork It T, Parsons, Aalitabulas Jamen H, Drown, Now Yirt M, T. Harker, Cincinnatl ; George M. Lilly, St, Lo 8. 1L Stinson, Dayton, 0, J. O. beglure, T Andrew . Turnor, Albatly J. Alszander, Doaton... Crist, Oincilimatl; G, Chiarles Gudgell, ' Eaiass son, New Yarl 7, York ; Frank Clynes, Omaha ; W. K. e, Troys Po A, Dlake, Masanchusalts ; Julia Mirechl, Ihililee s : A, J. Paddock, Michigans M. D, ‘Inversity, adon; If, Boonotf, Pittaburg Jobn Suyder, St auin s Jon D, Tratel, Naw York... pulmer Hoik= Col, E. L, Stone, Washingion ; Maj, Charles 4, C.ly Now York ; Corniolus Vauderbilt, Jr., Now Yori: G, i, Buldwin, Cloveland ; R. 8. 'Parks, Waali gm} Johu N, Pattou, New York ; . 0, Nowman, Duzalo George'A. Kilis, Hoston ; John 7, Buwh, Lanaiog; 8. P Skinuer, Doston; Nobert Barton, froe denoo Lancaster, Hoston; F. I King,' Now York; Willam A. Mg ashrach, New York; P, A, Baty, Towa; Raslto, 5t Loula: E. G, Masow, New Vi Conant, Colorado; 0. ¥. Hanlon, Arlzons Beebe, Now York; 8. Heflbron, B Frauci Heott, Pittabury: L.'0, Fowler, Sau Francisco; I Gump, Philadelphia. ... Grand’ Pachie—i, 3L Toledo; John 8, Berry, New York: G, 1, Ile 8, At ‘W, W, Thiayer, Edward Delatio, ¥. Going, Oincinuatl; Hila Duncan, Ban Frouci O 8. Watkins, Daseoport; Thoodoes U, Eaton, It Defrolt; A, 0O, Chamberlln, Toledo; D G Nowball, Hufalo; Dsvid X, Ford, ~Phild his; A, I Broadway, New York; Jimes Gren bhilitelphis; 1. . Woodrow, Unclouay X & Wobb, Cleveland; J, B, X0l '8t Lous: J. b B dredge, Tartford; , MasOeld, Wiscousts & Vaughan, Logansport; W, L, Danie.s, Dostol troit, L., Uardner—J, B, Wyckofl and wife, Kaloiizoy Mich,; " U, O, Ruskey and_ J, B, Watchuin, Phils plia; 'Thomsa Copnelly, Daliimore; George wood, Weat Virginia ; W. D. Bacon, Waukesbs Capley, Now York; J, Heapline, Montrea; Georg el naflm, E. A, Bkinner, snd_J. W, Kimball, Detr ,‘ 14, Harvey, Jickeon; ohu Puid, Mivbigin Clyj Ko Edwards, Galesburg; D, 3, Dougan, Ricamand, L POLITIOAL ROTES, 1f tho Boutliern newapagers would stoppresche Ing politics, and begin practioing the religion o common_senso, they might yot be & comfort s & benofit to tholr subscribers. Keronax, of Pennaylvania, announces that b w1l under no circumstonces resign his sest I Covgress to nccopt tha Stato Tromsurcnkip Krromax {s & Domocrat, and he s a big Job 8 band in Wasbiogton, he says. Tho attempt of certaln woll-mesning nenll'; mon in Masaachugstta to doprive druukards ¢ thelr polliical rights is said to bo s Depubltsd telok, the objoct of which fu. to provent suotlet Democratio majority fu that Stato. The Domoctatic nowapapor in Detrolt ll;' Gov, Toex has takon ‘s hold on dm:wvj of New York such ss few men ever pORESTEC That is only & catch-hold, What Ay, Tutord really wanta Is good, square grip onthe s pla of the Unlted Btates, Two States have yet to hold eloctiont h‘f Coogresamen,. Californis choosos four m;:I bers in Beptembor, sud Mississippi six mem! In November, Blx vacancios have been catt! by death, After this year elcctions for m bers of tha Fower House will b held inafl B0 Blates on the Tuesdsy aftor tho firet Mondsy November. 2 " Dr. Browx-SEQUARD never gavo uwoP:) 4 that President Guant was destined to live “‘ fow months, As long as tho story was o2 :d' to tho Chicago Times, in which journs! i 0. uated, tho Doctor aid not take the tro! o douy ¢ § now that It has pasaed iuto lc;; % spoctablo quarters be feelsit to Lo his doty say 4l tho Times corrcapondont liod d Becond and third trials for tho ulacfll:'-;’ i Assowblymen in Rhode Island are now L Pplaco- In case a district doea mot elock tho tiine, tho old momber holdy over. Thest o trials are particularly futeresting this !;-'“ upoun their reault depends the choloe of nor by the Aasembly. In North Provfl"‘:‘ last Monday, & Lippirz man waa dul“il tle Providenos Journal (Haskan) seyé EA + J George 11, HHemmond, Do