Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 16, 1875, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF AURSCHIPTION (FATALE TH ADVANCE), Postage Prepaid nt this eee Oatty, t Bundey 1 tiouble sheot. Barts of a zon ‘WAKTRD—Uno activo agent in cach town and village, Spocial arrangoments mado with auch, ‘Speetmen copies sent fre, Lopreveot delay and mistakes, be enre and give Post. OP.ce addreag in fall, including State and County. Temb:tancesmay homade eltherby draft, express, Post Of.coorder, or in rovinicred letters, at ovr risk. ‘TRAMS TO CITY AUDSCHINRAR, Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 cants per week. Daily, Celivered, Sunday foclnded, 34} conte per wook. addr THE TRINUNE COMPANY, Corner Madieon and Dearbor: ohicago, JIL. TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. ADELPHI THEATRE —Dearhorn streat, corner Mon~ roe, Variety colertainmont. ACADEMY OF MUBII fron and” Monroe, " Dearer than Life™ and Inted street. betmaen stad ameniont ot ake Le Toule. Kio Dodger." i E'S THEATRE—Medison street, between pehbare madNtnee” Ragacetont of Mens Rousbys ‘As You Liko It," GRAND OPERA-HOUS! Slinrman Houre, Kelly & Leon’ of the Kiohen.* * a jt, it aMiutueetee rie Belles MOOLEY'S THEATRE—Rarotoh street, between Clarkand LaSalle. **Monry Lunbar, SOCIETY MEETINGS. ASHLAR LONGI, No bas A, F&A. At Renalar FreLEN Pig Masnaa Hist. for mock ea tho Ml Bi. Mouroe-st. (F rirdrod . CRANE, Secretary. Degroo, The izatornity con! tated Conclave of thie (Tuosdas) oven- je Asylum, Business and work Slr Ruizhts courtcourly Invi+ B, W. LOCKE, Recorder. USINESS NOTICES. O THT: NATIONAL MaPeaud Tein wits a fel Tuosday Morning, Maroh 16, 1878, Tho Common Council last night adopted resolutions reqnesting the Legislaturo to re- ject tho new Incorporation bill. Wewish to ask tho “rening Journal a aqnare question: Does it boliove that A. C. Lfesrxe can be elected Mayor next fall, under any charter—the present one or the proposed one? Aiurder probably without o parallel in the annals of crimeis reported from St. Louis this morning. It was committed in open court by ‘boy 13 years old, who sought re- venge for tho killing of his brother. The victim was some 17ycara old. Considering it either cs an exhibition of youthful depravity, or a8 a peculinr manifestation in one so young of immortal hate and study of revenge, the caxo possesses great interest, ‘The Rercner trial yesterdey was enlivened by a strong protest from Judga Nzwsox agninst the further introduction of frivolous and irregular testimony by the defense, ‘The immedinte occasion of tho Indgo’s remarks wns a dispute between counsel ng to whether the testimony of a witness who had heard ‘Yrutox say he hed lost faith in mankind was admissible, The Judge said, somewhat testily: “Letitstand; it will dono more hann than 6 lamp-post in the street.” Have ing tuus opened the question, the Judge fore- bore to close it without a just condemnation of tho course of the defense in loading the easo down with trash and garbage of cvery description, His words will awaken the re- Rpect and sympethy of the public generally for the long-suffering Court and jury. The Hon, Wititau Kiva, a somewhat dis- tinguished member-of-Congress-elect from Minnesota, has boon making himself con. spicuons in anew way. It will be seen by the Washington dispatches this morning that ho secks to control the pntronage of his district, As a beginning, he wishes the present Postmas!ey of Minneapolis to bo removed, and a fr'-.1 of his appointed to tho place. The authorities sre Komewhat slow in recognizing Mr, Kia's claims, and eruelly remember all about the indictment of dian by the Minnceota Legislature, and, lis pleasuro-trip to Canwia during the Pacifle Mail investigation. Mr, Kiva is apparently os offensive in his monuers cs in his morals, end neither ontwardly nor inwardly 9 beauti- ful charecter to contemplate. His address to the Postmastor-General, if it is correctly reported, was fairly insulting, Tho New Orlenus Bulletin, tho organ of the ‘White-Lenguo banditti in Louisiana, takes an exception to somo article which has been printed in Tuz Cntcaco Tarnuny, which it says charges it with having ‘ advocated asans- ination,” and which it says is acalumny, Wo do uot know the article referred to. Many erticles have apperred in Tae Thmune criti- elsing the course of this violent and incen- diary sheet, and many more will probably ap- pear, ‘fho chargo, however, was probably that the Now Orleans Jiulictin, like other ultra organs in the South, had advocated the ase of tho knifo and pistol, and had encour. aged violence ns a menns of settling political troubles, So long as this course is advocated, Tue Tuinuxe will condemn it. So long as they opposo conciliation, compromise, and legal remedies, the Now Orleans Bulletin and all tho other fire-cating journals may expect tho denunciations of ‘lux Curcaco Trisunz, If this be calumny, make the most of it, Beerctary Fisa oppenrs to deservo much credit for hia slara in the Virginius negotia- tions; and, as is quite becoming, to be per- Ioctly conscious of his own good offices, ‘Yho correspondence touching this matter between our own and tho Spanish Governments wan transmitted to tho Bonute yesterday, It shows that we obtained terms from Sprin which were better than those allowed Grout Britain, both as concerns the actual cash equivalent for each man killed, and in respect to the con- ditions of the indemnity, The gross sum al- Towed is $80,000, or s per capita of about $2,500, Our Government ia not bound, os was that of Great Britain, to return ony belance that may remain in the ‘Treas ury , after oll tho claims are satis. tled. Secretary Fien insisted throughout on a recognition both of the dignity of our Gov- ernment and of the atrocity of the acts com- plained of ; and this last he scents to have obtained only after reiterated statements of the position which our Government had og. womed, and which it was prepared to maln. tain, erally utrong yesterday, Mess pork wus very active, and J5o per bri higher, closing at 919.15@19.20 cash, and $10.20@19,22} for April, Lan] was in good demand, and 17\c wer 100 ths higher, closing at $13.70@18,75 mh, and $13.75 sellor April, Moats were quiet and jo per tb higher at 7jo for shoulders, 10Jo for short ribs, and 1030 for short clears, Dressed hogs were firmer, at 38.00@8.40 per 100 ths, Highwines wero nctive and steady at $1.11 per gallon, Flour was quiet and streng. Whent wasnctive and closed 1{0 higher, at §t}e cash, and 9240 for April, Corn was in fair demand and Jo higher, closing at Gilo cavh, and 71io for May. Oats wero quiet and 4c higher, closing at 43¢ ensh, and S8§e for April. Ryo was quiet and firm at 7 @8e. Varley was dull and ensier, closing at #1.01} for March, and 980 for April, Hogs were active aud highor; salos chictly at 36,90 @7A0. Cattle and sheop were firm and un- changed, The rumors concerning Attorney-General Winitass’ probablo resignation come so thick and fast that we are hoginning to think thero may be something tothem. At any rate, thera is more ground for tho hopo they will prove true, Tho number of Mr. Wrutzams’ faur pa is only equaled by tho number of his official nets and opinions. ‘Tho most notable of them are his error in sustaining the comupt aud drunken Dunes, of Louisiana, aud his failure in the prosecution of the Credit-Mobilier sults, But we protest agninst obtaining Mr. Wintrann’ resignation at the cost of sending him to Great Britain, Thero is only one hypothesis on which we could agree to auch an exchange, viz.: Tho proffer of the British mission might induce him to resign, ond the Senate might then refuse to confirm his new appointment. This possible plan would bo defeated, how- ever, by his appointment after the adjourn- ment of tho Senate. Thero ara so many rea- sons, not necessary to repeat, why Mr, Wr 1ams would be likely to occnsion trouble if accredited to the Court of St. James, that stich a project shonid not be entertained for amoment. Tho eternal fitness of things for- bids it, THE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION. ‘The charge that the Republican party has bungled the business of reconstruction in the Sonthern States is 2 part of tho stock in trade with which the Democratic lenders have de- ceived the Northern people, and induced them to confide the power of the Government to their keeping, so far as the Lower House and mnany Stato Administrations are concern. ed, and with which they hope to carry the next general cloctions, The charge, however, is without foundation and utterly untrue. To show its untruth, it is only necessary toglance at what has been dona during tha past six years in which the Republicans have had the Presidency. The four years immediately succeeding tha close of the War can- not be taken, into considerntion. They wero yoars of delay and attempted retro- gression. In that time Anpnew Jonnson at- tempted the reconstruction of the Southern States upon a quasi slavery basis, these Southorn States meanwhilo enacting the most malignant and cruel statutes relative to the colored raco which would have reduced them to worse typo of slavery, in some respects, than that which existed befora the War, if it had not been checked by the Republican Con- gress. North Carolina enacted that s colored person could not bo a witness against 1 white person; that in apprenticing them the old masters were to bo given the preferenco ; and thet in certain offenses, whero whito per- sons wero punishable only with imprison. ment, tho colored offenders should suffer death. Mississippi enacted similar statutes, and also provided for the hiring of colored convicts, nud prevented colored men from renting or leasing Isnds. Georgia and Alabama mado similar Inws, providing, however, still severer ponnitios, South Carolina mado the colored offender liable to capital punishmont for several of- fonses for which the white offender was ouly imprisoned. ‘Tho codes of Florida, Texas, and Louisians were equally severe, while the Vogrant act of Virginia wasso crucl that Gen, Trnry forbade obedionce toit, While this was going on in the South, without a single protest from the Democratic party in the North, Aupy Jonsson continued all his efforts at reconstroction in the samo spirit, Con- gress wos opposed to him, and the Supremo Court was doubtful, swaying from one sido tothe other. There was no harmony of ef- fort between tho Executive and the Leginla- tive branches of the Government, but, on the contrary, bitter and unrelenting strife. Four valuable years were wasted, but the outcome led to the election of Gen, Gnanz, and vory nearly to the impeachment of Jomisox, What has been accomplished iu the six years of Gen. Grant's term? The War re- anited in the overthrow of the system of slavery, and the consequent freedoin of the negro, ‘This system was completely inter. woven with all Southern institutions, and its influences pervaded tho courts, the schools, the church, and society. It revolutionized the whole habit of Southern life, The Re- publican party, having saved the country in its complote integrity and killed slavery, next seoured tho negro in his freedom by the necessary constitutional amendments, It gave him equal political righta with tho white man. It gave him the right to vote, and to learn to read and write, It gave him the op- portunities to hold office; and, in this short period of timo, thoieo who had been slaves beforetho War have been Constables, Bheriffs, Judges, Mayors, Governors, and Congress: mon in Leth Houses, .1t established tho social relations of the two races, which have been very generally accepted. In addition to fixing the status of the two races, it has determined the relation of the States to the General Government, All of the Southern States have revised and re-enacted their Constitutions to suit the al- tered condition of things under Republican administration, ‘They aro all in the Union again upon an equality with the Btates which remnined trae to the Union, None of the leaders of the Rebellion have been capitally punished, ‘The temporary disabillties which were placed upon somo of the ringleadovs have been gradually removed, and, with tho exception of Mississippi, Louisiana, and South Carolina, all the States havo re. verted into the hands of tho same white mcn who took them out of tho Union, ‘Their representation in the Son. ate is completo with the exception of one member from Louisiana (Pricunacx), with the probability that his seat will ba given to aConsorvatiyo, In the Houso, the Southern ropresentation is not only complete, but it has the control of the Democratic cauens, and thereby can dictate the logidation of the Touve next winter, Peace hay beon nxtorod throughout the South, the last acts of the Re. publican Congress being to prevent turmoil in Arkanana, to settle tho distracting Loulsi- ana question, and to strangle the Burien Force bill, which was intended to place a dangerous political power in the hands of the President, and to give hot-headed partisans upon each side an opportunity to inflame the ‘popular passions, and bring sbout a renewal of olgil strife, In view of these facts, tho charge that the THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TU sDAY, MARCH 165, 1876. Republican party has mando a failure of re- construction ie simply an abaundity, So for from being a failure, the work nccomplished has been absolutely gigantic. In six years of time the Republican party has accoin- plished what would have teken fifty years in the Old World, It has overthrown a servilo system two centuries old, which was almost inseparably grafted upon tho habits, tho spirit, the very life of the South, and it has done it with comparatively little shock, and has put master and slave upon terms of equality, and re-established the antebellum Governments of the late stave States. ‘Lhe only just criticism which can be made «por the action of the Republican party is that it has performed tho mighty work of recon. struction too fast, It has been too eager to complete it. The headlong, impulsive man- ner of doing business characteristic of tho American people is responsible, however, for this haste. The Republican party, however, is now practically out of power, Nevertheless, there is still a great work which it can do in cons nection with reconstruction. ‘fhe future hops, nat only of the negro but of the South, is tho division of its people into two great parties, Conservative and Progressive, and the division of the colored voto between theso two. Tho uegrocs can mnke no hend- way arrayed a4 8 race against the whites, Divided, however, between those two natural parties, they would receive n two-fold protec- tion, Tho estnblishment of theso two partics will not only settle the negro question in tho most satisfactory and permanent mauuer, but it will climinate the whole pack of carpet-baggers, adventurers, place-hunters, political knaves, and fire-eating White Leagues and Kn-Klux from Southorn politics, and place the South upon the high road of prosperity and progress, This is the duty which yet remains for the Republican party to accomplish, HOW FRANCE WAS DEFEATED. It remained for a libel suit to bring out the true secret of France's swift, erushing defeat by tho German armies. Aftor some preliin- inary skirmishing between the two parties to the controversy, which is of no moment, Cassaayac, editor of Le Pays, Dossranre organ in Paris, charged Gen. Wimrrren with treason, and nsserted that ‘the battle of Sedan was lost by Wutrrre:'’s vanity and in- capacity.” Thereupon the latter brought suit for libel, It was in this trial that Cassaonac’s charges wera protcd to le true, ‘Tho follow- ing circumstances wero proved by overwhelm- ing evidence, including the testimony of Gens, Ducnot, Douay, Lennun, Paso, and others: Wnorrrren arrived at tho army, near Sedan, just after MacMauon had been wound- ed and obliged to relinquish command, and carried in his pocket a commission from the Secretary of War as second in command, MacManon's wound having forced him to give up the command, it was Wiserrsn’s duty to present his commission and assume the command. But, ax tho army bnd reecived a severe shock, Wiatrvrzn desired to avoid re- sponsibility, fn'led to present the Secrctary’s order, and pormitted tho command to go to Gen. Ducnor, the next in command. Du- cror, n cloar-hended, ublo man, was master of tho situation, He saw it was impossible to defent the enemy, and there was but ono avenue of escape. He resolved to sacrifice oue army corps in order to save tho remnain- ing 80,000 men with the Emperor and MMar- shal Mackauox. Lxnnon’s corps wasthrown to the front, and ordered to repel attacks to tho last extromity. It receiyed the attack of the enemy so valiantly that the Germans fell back repulsed, and Wusrrven concluded that the proposed retreat might be turned into a victory, Hoe therenpon presented the Sceretary’s order demanding a transfer of the command. What followed is thus do- scribed as proven in court on the trial: Ho stopped the retront, and ordered the divieiona al- ready in movument to’ tho front, He stopped the Toovement towards My, despite the rol cyte of Du- cuor, whe told him titat it wan = vital point. But Wiwprycx would liston to nothing. “It fa ‘not 5 retreat we wanh ho aid, “but a victory. Wo are going to drive the Gerinaus into the Meuse.” “Pro- vided thoy do not drive ns there," ald Docnor: “in an huur you will have no enanee even for retreat.” "Tho Germans iad cossod firiug at that nioment, aud were engaged Ina flank movoment, Wixprven could not seo It and wonlil not believe Deouor's words, He crdered everybody to tha front, aud up to 1 o'clock remalnod doing nothing, and having no fixed pion, Hly pleaunut dream. was then iuter- rupted by ‘the opening of batteries in his rear, ‘The Germans ‘nad completed their tuning move: Tucnt ‘anmolested, while Wrerryae was lookin straight before hit, and now began to attack on al rides, thia ioent the battle was lout, and if the white ug ad thon beou ratsed 15,00) men might haya bocn spared # uselose death, From that moment all Lupe was gous, Attacked in front, on the flank, in thelr rear, at the cane tinte, the French troopa dis- Yanded and rushed pell-mell into Bedsn, A fearful inas-acre cnaued, aud this tho Empercr tried to stop by raisiog the white flag, Gen, Watrrrsy rushod Juto the Emporor's preseiice, aud nald that i€ the Lat- to bad Loan loat it waa duc to the fuct that Lin oficera would not obey his ordera, “It was because they oheyad your orders too weil,” cried Deonor In wrath, rising from behind the Emperor's chur; “but for your erazy presumption in stopping the fotrost, we ahould Lave saved most of the army, and at least avoided a capitulation.” Qen, Worrrsn thus became responsible for the capture of the Freuch Emperor and the French ariny, and for the overwhelming and sudden humiliating defent of the Fronch nation. Had Ducnor's plan of rotreat sueceaded, oud it wason the point of success when Wixerrx wronched the command from him, the whole course of eventa might hava been changed, ‘he Emperor would then have had an open way for his retreat to Paris with 80,000 anen. MacMauon would have been woll in a fow weoks torcsume command. ‘The army could have been recruited up to any num- ber for whom arms could have been provided. Monrax would nover have dared to surround Paris, so Jong as tho flower of the French army was outside, If hoe had, he would have been between two fres,—Paris on one side, able to take care of itaclf, and the Emperor ond MacMauox on the other, with porlaps half # million of run, Bazar would not havo surrendered, as it is admitted that he could have held out for along time, and he only surrenderod bocause the Emperor was captured and the Empire lost, Indeed, ho might have cut his way out and eacapad with inost of hisarmy, Thus tho war would have Deen prolonged for months at loast; and, bad it been so prolonged, thero is now no ques- tion but thot Great Britain would have come to the resene of France, Almost every man, woman, and child in Great Britain and Ire. lond, high and low (except the Queen, who remained neutral), were in full sympathy with Franco, Tho Ministry was unanimous this way, Ireland was in a flame of en- thusiann, and tens of thousands of Irish vol. unteers wore ready at a moment's notice to goto the sid of tho French. England was only waiting to got her regulars, and volun. teers, and navy into proper trim. Six weeks longor would have brought out her interven. tion, And thus tho destiny of France aud Germany would have boen changed. The French would baye lost no territory and paid uo indemnity, ‘Thore is ample scope for moralizing iu this development of the Puys livol suit, bat the lino is too clear and, funiliar, Tho fall of France is thus traced dizcctly to the potty vanity of an obscure General, whom accident alone furnished an opportunity to disgrace limself forever, and pull down a proud and powerful nation in his full. ‘Thus do desti- nies of nations aud the outcome of great struggles hang upon a hair, PHILIP CULLEN'S PARDON, Tho pardon of Priar Curen, who was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment for robbing his employer, certainly strikes Chi- cago people asa curions and unwarrantable proceeding, It has been used by the Times nowspaper for the purpose of libeling Judgo Witrrams, Stato's-Attornoy Rexp, Ex-Ald, McGnaru, and othors, whom that newspaper is now. pursuing beeause it has been indicted as an “obseene publication.” ho Timce charged yeatorday that Cuntax’s pardon was secured mainly through tho instrumentality of theso gontlemen, said that their names wero signed to the petition asking for hix pardon, and intimated editorintly that money lind beon used in securing their co-operation in Cunten's behalf. All this wns a Times libel. Both Judge Wintsaus and Stato's- Attorney Reep assert that, while they were badgered for weeks to sign such 4 petition, thoy steadily refused to do 90, and. that, if their names aro affixed to any such petition in the hauds of the Governor, some- body has been guilty of forgery. Mr. Rern also says that ho was never importined by ex-Ald, McGnatu to sign the potition, though by many others, ‘Thus the statoment of the Times is 0 puro fabrication from beginning to ond, manufactured, it would seem, to gratify a malice againat Judges Wientass and Mr, Neen, But it is certain that somebody must have deceived Gov, Beveninas most outrageonaly in order to secure Cunten’s pardon. Tho anan’s offeugo was the embozzloment of about $25,000 from on gentleman who had given him employment for a term of years in a con- fidential enpacity. His employer failed to fecuro a return of tho money or any part of it, and was further. more put to «considerable expense and aunoyaneo by the prosecution which followed. A delny in the man’s sentence, owing to hin detention as awitnessin another ease, postponed his transfer to ths Peniten- tinry, so that he had ecarcely arrived there before his pardon was issued. ‘This pardon was cortainly ill-timed, and calenlated rather to eucourage than discourage nelass of crimes that aro elrendy too nmmerows. We enn searcoly imagine that Coy, Bevrnrpar was awaro of the real fects of the case. It is moro probable that howas grossly deceived by somo person or persoux, ‘Tha utmost care should be exercised in nullifying the action of courts by Exeoutive iutorfezence in tho way of pardons, THE POOR-HOGSE SCANDAL, Tho statements whieh wero printed in ‘Tne Tninuns of Sunday concerning the manner iu which the County Poor-House is con- ducted, end which were obtained by a ‘Trim. ‘UNE representative who consented to make a martyr and a pauper of himself inn good cause, ought to arouse the public and tho County Board, if anything can rouse tho latter, to tho manner ia which this important trust is administered, and bring about o speedy change, We wonld not contend that the paupors should bo housed in a palace or pamperod with luxuries, aud a County Poor- Houso is the last place where ono would oxpect to find a largo degroo of comfori, or those delicate attentions to the wants of inmates which aro chovac- teristic of other charitable institutions ; but it should be expected, and in fact demand- ed, that tho paupers be tronted kindly, fed decently, and kept warm, and comfortable, and clean. They oro the weaklings of tho community who have been driven to the wall in the struggle for life, and, unablo to caro for themselves, have become n burden which it is tho duty of the community to bear, and it is no excuse to plead that thoy have always lived in squalor and filth like the beasts, It is a disgrace to any community to allow help- Jess poverty in its midst or to tolerate beg- gars, Itis bound by ordinary humanity to care for them, ond it is a disgraca when it docs not care for them decently and consid- erately, ond treat thom with the kindness dus to their unfortunate situation. How aro the inmates of the County Poor- House treated ? Tho ropresentative of ‘Tne ‘{ninuns went through the daily programme ag if he had been a bone fide pauper. He or- rived there at night, and his supper con- sisted of a chunk of bread 2 inches thick and 6 to 8 inches square, and n tin cap of a fluid callod tea, which when swallowed had the effoct “of asmall dose of lightning.” A tick, o ragged quilt, and a yollow and rank sheet constituted the bed, upon which sleop wus provented by tho perioical transit of rata across him, and the oppression of fetid smells from the closcly-hud- died panpers in his unventilated apartment. His morning salutation was a kick from the “‘boes pauper.” After washing himeolf in a cattle-trough in the yard, he went to his breakfast, passing a swarm of children fish- ing out crusts from the swill-barrel, His breakfaxt was another chunk of bad bread, with molasses, and a fluid called coffoo, Once in two wovks it is a gala day for the paupers, as they get bean-soup; and, as Tae ‘TawuNe representative happened there on one of these festive occasiony, he Lad bean. soup for his dinner, into a wash-tub of which a handful of © beana had acci- dentally found thelr way. After such o luxury ng thls, it would bo man. ifestly impropor to give paupers supper, and our representative therefore want to bed hungry with his follow-panpors, who would have to wait a fortnight before bean-soup came round again. ‘This was tho programmo of a day for Tux Tumunc roprosontative, and of all days for tho miserable paupers to tho end of their lives, the consolation in whioh caso is that thair lives are short, for thoy die in the Poor-Houso at tho rate of two a day. The facts found out by Tin; Cninowe repre- sentative further show that the “Loss pauper” isa brute who practices every spocios of potty tyranny and cruelty upon the victing under his charge. hore is no slave-driver so mor- ciless ag the slave himuelf when he has’ the opportunity. ‘fhey show that invalids far gone in consumption, and suffering with rhoumatism, tumors, and intermittent fevers, are kept upon the able-bodiod list, and there fore are compelled to work; that tho sick are treated in such a mannor that their recovory is gonorally hopeless; that offenders against the rules of the institution are brutally mal- treated and subjected to dangor from insane paupers; that among the 1,200 inmutes ho did not sev actean or wholo ganuent; that th® dead ere ncoumulated until thero are enough bodies for a sleigh-load, dnd then thoy aro hauled away by a yoke of oxen and huddled promiscuoualy into a trench ; and that tho Wanlen takes » look into the apart. ments once a month, The conduct of the Voor-House is all the more censutable from the fact that tha three prominent evils in its managemont can be easily remedied, namely, the quantity and quatity of food, Inck of cleauliness, and the brutality practiced upon the inmates by the subordinates, ‘Lhe county appropriates 1, sufficient sum to provide these unfortunales with plenty of clean and wholesome food, and wilh plenty of fine-combs, soap, and water, Wher does the money go to? ‘The biame for this state of things must bo charg- ed tothe Warden, Wo do not believe that Mr. Kixency himself iso liarsh or a cruel man, but he is to blame for lack of care and attention, and for giving the charge of the in- mates tocruel and cowardly brutes, Will the Committe on Public Charities of the County Board do their plain duty in tho promises? SOUTHERN DEMOCRACY. The Ion. 'T. M. Nonwoon, United States Senator from Georgina, in Fobrunry Inst made a speech upon the resolution to admit Pixcn- pack, in auswer to Senator Montos, which is peculiarly suggestive as furnishing the status of tho wnreconstrueted Southern Democracy. In this speech Mr, Nonwoop said: ‘That War, air, wan fought ona principle, Tta origin was in a difference of opinion on tho right constrnc- tlon of the Constitution. We of the South, honestly Volloving that rights which wo held were guaratdeed by {hat instrument could not ho preserved in the Un- ton, sought to scetro them under another and an in- dependent Government, We atruck no blow at tho exiatenca of the Federal Governntent, aud so impartial Llstory will provounce ita verdict, But wo all know fhe reault, When tho War clown) wo laid down our arms, went peaceably to our homes, and act to work, The sceno wan gad beyond the power of mortul yen to tell, Two billions of property in slaves Lad vanished foantgbt, More than another billion bad rumbled under tho fron tread of war, Mundrsde of milllons more invested in Confedorate honds wero awopt aay in o breath, Many millions more of Confederate ‘Treasury notes porished ft tho samo fnstant. Bosidew all this, nearly every planter waa In debt, end bia land, ‘hich in the main was ott that was loft of bis estate, ‘was covered by mortgage. Assuming this ground that the South was right in its struggle to establish an inde. pendent slave-holding Govornment, and that tho North was wrong in its attompt to prevent secession, of courso everything elso follows, and Senator Nonwoap coolly in- dicted the Governmont for treating the Rebell- ion asa crime, and charged upon the Re- publican party the responribility for all the anarchy which bas existed in the South since the War, The speech of Senator Nonwoop nndoubt- edly reflects the views of the Southern De- mocracy, which will be brought out with still greater omphasis at the meating of Congress next fall, whon this Southern Democracy will have control of the Lower House, It is better for tho people of the whole country that these views have been ststed thus carly. It will bo still better if Senator Nonwoon will undertake to induca the Northern Democracy to indorse them as tho policy of the patty, This will afford the Senator an opportunity to discover the grave mistake he makes in supposing that tho Northern people will ever acknowledge the right of a State to raise an army and take up arms ogainst the National Government, or that they will ever look upon it in any other light than that of rebellion, However widely the peopla of the North may differ ns to the methods of recoustruction, he will find that they regard recoustruction of some kind as a right, ond a necessary right, They will never cousent to loso what they have gained. They will never go back upon themselves, The ground assumed by Sonator Nonwoon, that secession was justifiable, and that the Nation. al Government was not justified in opposing it with military force, implies the right to secede again when the opportunity ocours, Should that opportunity come, he will find the North just as united as it was in 1801. Tho assumptions of the Southern Democracy and tho utter failure of the Northorn Do- mocraoy in every State whero it has beon in power since November to better the condi- tion of things, already makes it apparent that the Republican party still hes 9 mission to perform, THE NEEDS OF BALTIMORE, It has becowe n matter of momont to the whole West that Baltimore should be amply provided with all tho applinncos for shipping froigut to Europo and receiving it from Eu- ropo. Tho farmers of the Northwest wish to save moncy, not only on the charges for trans- porting their grain to the seaboard, but on tho charges for bringing back tho goods ox- changed for the grain. The export trade of Baltimore is largo and growing, but the im- port business, which is scarcely less im- portant to us, is not in as good condition. The monns of transshipment aro about por- fect. An occan vessel can come alongside a bonded warchouso, and its load can be trang. ferred to tho warchouso or a train with only onohandling. The half-dozen costly processes of unlonding freights at New York are re- duced to one at Baltimore, Nevertheless, it is cheapcr to send foreign goods to the latter, tla Now York, than to import them direct, ‘This romarkable fact is dua to n lack of ocean transportation. ‘The soveral lines rnnning to New York compete with each other aud so kecp down froights. ‘Thoro is only ono line plying regniarly between Haltimoro and Rurope, This ia the North German Lloyd, For some months of every yoar, ane of the Allan lines runs a fortnightly steamship to Baltimore, All the vessels enrry full cargoes to Kuropo, but thoy come back with half or quarter cargoes, and chargo very high return rates to cover tho difference, ‘This is n mistake, oven now, for lower freights would keop tho vossols full both ways, It would be an evidevt mistake, one to be instantly corrected, if an opposition line should ran regularly. This is what Bal. timoro needs, and thércfora what the West needs, ‘Tho city hos olevators, wharves, and warehouses, Ithasnotutenmships, It must have them if its import trade is to rival that of New York, of Philadelphia, or of Mon- treal, Tho Pennsylvauia Company runs a line of steamships from Philadelphia, and is said to find tho speculation 4 paying ous, ‘Tho Baltimore & Ohio Company started o competing line, but, if we are correctly in- formed, soon sold Its vexsels, If tha Wout exports through Baltimore, it should, in the uature of things, import through the same city, It ix an arbitrary and artificial rate of chargos which makes it cheaper to unload goods ot New York, pay half-a-dozen oxtortionate charges there, carry them across the city, reship them to Balti. moro and unload them there, than it is to orrry thom, in unbroken bulk, direct to the latter city. Tho monopoly which makes euch discrimination possible should be broken up. The Baltimore & Ohio Rosd has done little monopoly-manashing olroady, It had better persevoro in tha good work, in extra eusslon after passing the compromise Temperance law. Tho Legislature of two Years ego pasved what is known as the Dax. tex law, a very rigid ond searching act, which was not enforced, as usual, In the lato election this question of the repeal or amendment of the Baxrsn law was the prin. cipal State issue, nnd operated seriously against the Republican party. Baxter wasn Repubdlienn, and, thongh Demoernts in tho Legislature had voted for the bill, the Repub- lienn party was held reaponsible for it. Baxten himeclf was a candidate for re-clec- tion, and was defented ina very strong Re- publican county, ‘The new Inw abolishes the local-option system, thus taking away from local communities the power by popular voto to prohibit tho sale of liquor in their jurisdic- tion. Tho new Inw is practically a licenso law. It fixes tho licenses for the sale of beer and wine at $50, and of whisky at $100, Had the Legisiaturo made this Inst aum $200 or 8250, it would have improved tho bill. ‘The defent of tho local-option regulation will he regretted by many, That is the only form iu which prohibition is justifiable or can bo onforeed. It gives each community the power over the subject within its own juris. diction, but withont the authority to inter- fero with other communities, It is a prohi. bition, moreover, which depends upon public opinion, and can at any timo bo repealed if 0 majority of the people so desire, In Penn. sylyauin thoy have had local uption for ov. eral yenrs, but it has done so little good that a Dill has passed one branch of tho Legisla- ture and will probably pass tho other. But people will not be persuaded that local option is nota good thing until they have tried it, and found ont from experienca that mon can- not be made temperate any more than thoy can bo inade Christians by statute, We dosire no controversy with our respect- ed contemporary, the Leening Journal, over Hersia, in regard to the amendments to tho city charter proposed by the Citizens’ Asso- ciation, Tho editor of Tue Trinuns has no more personal interest in the bill than the editor of the Journal; no moro interost in it than that of any other respectable citizen. If itis not a substantial improvement of the present charter, it would bo wrong for tho Legislature to pass the bill, and folly for tho citizens of Chicago to addopt it; and it can- not, in any event, como into force unless they do vote to ratify it. What wo object to and protest against in the senseless howl which is raised that “Firsine fg in favor of the bill, because ho intends to run for Mayor under it.” What possible difference does it make whether ho desires the enactinent of the bill or is op- posed to it? Who cares? He has a perfect right to be in favor of tho bill or against it, and so has every other citizen. When the bill comes to bo submitted to the people for popular ratification, any man’s vote counts as. much as Hestna’s, Ho hos control of but ono vote, and that is his own, Unless tho popular current is running in behalf of the adoption of the new charter, he will not possess oven the appenrance of influence. Ifa majority of the people of Chicago want Hesixa for Mayor, they have the power to elect him in spite of all the Journal and ‘Tniwune and other papers can do to prevent it, Ho can be elected under the present charter just as easily as under any other one, Really, the only question to be considered is, whether the prosont charter requires to be amended, and if xo,jto what extent and in what respect, If the proposed charter does notrectify theimperfections of the presentone, let it be changed so that it will, If it confers on the Mayor too snuch power, it will notbo dificult to pare it down. Whatever imper- feciions may be discovered in the presont draft of the bill, lot them ba corrected, and any improvemonts that can be devised let them be proposed and considered. But, in the nae of common sense and human rea- son, do not let the citizans be frightened out of their desire for an improved charter by the mad-dog ery of Hestio is coming. THE NEW POSTAL RATES, ‘It now transpires that it waa tho ignorance of Senator Hauriy, or ele his officiousnees on bo- half of the oxpress companies, which led to tho wrongful increaas of postage on tranatont news- papors. Tho law as reporte? proscribed 1 cont for ovary two onnces on mail matter of the third lana, which Includes all printod matter nat sent directly from tho office of pablication, and ail admiunible {merchaudlas up to four pounds, Sen- ator Hasty moved an smendmout that 1 cont be charged for avery ounce or fraction thereof, inatoad of two ounces, and Jed tho Sonate to bo- liova by his epeech (a8 indeed ho may have ig- norantly bolieved bimself) that thia rate applied to morchandisa slono which i tranamitted through the malts. It was under thia impression that tho amendment was adopted. Whon it went to tho House in the blind, reckleas rush of the closing hours, Mr, Gaurinco sald that the Ap- propriation Committee approved of the amend- mout, and tho newspapor foature was not ex- plained thero, notwithatanding tho law expreesly includea ‘transient nowapapers" in the third clest, Thus tho precipitate Jogrslation of tha closing hours of Congross is respousiblo for a great and general hardeblp to which nolthor Houge would have consented knowingly. ‘The effoct of thochange la to make newspapers horetoforo paying 1 cont pay 2 conta ; vewpapers paying 2 conta now require 8, and ac on. ‘Thiy applies, of course, not to nowspspoers sent from the office of publication to regalar subscribers ia bulk, bus nowapapers in wrappors rent off by ine dividuals, Under the old ratog, a sabscriber to Toe Tumone might send away hia dally psper at # coutof 15 conts a week, 2 conta for cach copy of the daily, and 8 cents far tho Sunday edi- tion, Under the now rates, tha samo courtesy to on absent friond will cout him 24 conta a woek, 8cenutsa copy for tho paper of Monday, Tues- day, Woducoday, Thursday, and Friday, 4 conta for Baturdey’a papor with a» slugle supple- mont, and 5 cents for tho Sunday edi- tlon with » doublo supplement, Thoao who haye enjoyod the luxury of reorliying 8 home paper when absent for along tino uecd not bo told how mean an impoaltion this incroase is; acd the thousands of people in Chicago who sond AWoy pspera every woek can toatify how gouerally it will be folt, The amondment eubatituting one ounce In- atead of tro ounces #u lobbied in the intersus of the express compames, Bir. Haxuim clalmed that It would add $2,000,000 (?) to the revenuos of tho Powt-Oflce Dopartment ; but it is mach more likely to deoroaso the revenuos in the 1 ong run, Wherever a packoge can be sont byox- preus for the same cost ae by isi, of couraa it will go to the exproas compatiios, where a more punctual delivery fa offered ands guarantoo of mudenmnity im case of lows. ‘The exprom vom panics, it is trae, had no interest iu having che Postago on trauulout sowspapors increased ; but this was incldental to their goueral schema far havlog postage iucrossod on all ox- copt letter mail mattor. If the oexprege compantes wore fuolined to sot falsly n tho mattor, they would now undortake to do liver transiont nowspapers at the old Post-Oiice rate until Congress shall be ablo to remedy the terror into which it waa betrayed by their lobby work, Asal printed matter not eufflctently prepald is thrown out of tha Post-Orlos, it is likely that a {roat daalot money will be wasted before the people generally nucertain Juat how much each paper costa under tho new mile, Up to this time tho Post-Oftice Dopurtmont will mate rome mon> ey onthe ignorauce of the public. Aftor this, howover, there will be a material decrease in the nuinbor of newspapers seut away in wrappers, aud @ corresponding dooreaso in revenue from that class of nvattor, Is is only neseasary to note this incresse uf rates in connection with the restoration of tho franking privilege to estimate the full moagure of Congrorsionnl meanness and selishners in the transaction. Neizhor sts, Masta nor Me. Gaurtety sbould be proud of their sharo in bringing itabout. Thoro ie ono posaossion which St. Louis Drizgy eceond only to her bridgo, and thet is her n who takes no stock dn Sitansrrans. The nang of thin dintinguished gentloman {a Natuamtet, Hormes. It in only fair to Judo Houstrn to ad wilt that tio hs #hown moro tonne and taley inorotrottblo to gain information upon the much. dleputed point of tho authorship of Bitau. apeane’s playa than most peoplo who embark fq this profitless undertaking, It waa Chrough the pnsslonato infatuation of Misa Bacon, Publishes in 1836, that tho author's attention way flrat Uirected to this subject, A vow edition af hig work is now going through the prosn, witty an Ape pondix of 100 pages added, adduciny, aevoriling to the toarnod Judgo, frost proof of tho mistake of centuries, A largo portion of (hig appendix is devoted to a consideratisy of tho recently-discovered Bacon many seripts, in which referanco ia made tothe titles of a numbor of lays, « Corio. Janus,” * Antony and Cloopatra,” and the Dame of Witttam Suansrcanc which is ecribblod Over the manuecript in Bacon's handwriting, The now edition will doubtless bo intcrcstin Meanwhile, with Judgo THonsrs at wok ing dignified legal process to oust tho tleceased Suaxsreans from his present good standing 1 socloty, and Gronar Wines busy in throzing dirt at him in the Spirtt of the Times, whal ehanco will the “Immortal Writs’ Lnved Ronenr Dare Owe and Vicronta Woovnnit atono lave the powor to obtaiu his ‘opinion of things, and sot lim right. And one is ao 10 markably hardto believe, and tho other ig atch, weelf-convicted old granny, that thotr word wi not weigh a particle, It soome as though Wr. 1am could not escape, eiesctae See Tn another column of to-day’s Tarncse we copy an articlo from tho Philadelphin Press ty rogard to the proper reprosentation of the States and citica in the Centonnial Exhibition of noxt year. Woe aro plenged to lonrn from Str, J, P, Revxoups, President of the Centennial Board of Managers for this State, that what lina been done in Iowa will be dono horo—every county or. ganized with caro, aud no labor spared to recom & proper and full reprosontation of Mlinois prod. uctsin the Exhibition. Tho dolay in beginning this work bas boen occaslonod by tho dolay inthe Loglelature to pas tho appropriation meccesary to pny the unavoidable oxponsea of the Doan, Their personal eorvicea are given with. out recompense other than tho pride and satisfaction thoy wilt take in peeing our State tnko her propor position, ant make such a display ne will stand equal in ex amination to any mado by onr slater States, Tho euggestion in the article roferred to, re. garding @ serich of modolaof Chicago, com mencing with one in 1830; one bofore the grett firo; ono after, with tho ruina; ono tio yern after the firo; one displaying tho ruins after the fire of 1874; and one as Chicago will Lo in 1974, ia valuable, and would be a great foaturo in the Exhibition, Nothing would more clear!y demoa. strato the onterprise of onr citizens, or giveth: world a better iden of Amorican pluck and 69. ergy, than such a display, Ly dono at all, it mea ke done at onco and by private enterprise. The Hine fe short. Who will toko tho load fn thi offort? — A now word was coined by tho New Yorr Nation last week. Ju av article on tho Neput- lican party it apoke of tho exaugural of Speskir Buatwe. Tho Now York Post, which haa aga. tablishod reputation as a purist in tho uaoct words, takes excoption to thia coinage. It ssi the word ia not to bo fonud fn any accepted dic. tionary of tho Englivh languago, ‘Tho neaet approach to {it tis ‘exandurato,”—meaning ‘to desecrate,” “to profaue.” Probably thy ation did uot mean to say that Speaker Biatss bad committed any act of dest oration or profauation, but merely that by had made a farewell speck, Tue words e avguro and inauguro, the Post goos on to are contrasted only in thoir primirivo meanize, one slgnilying “to practicoaugury” and the other “to apply to profano uace.” Their derivativa meanings have grown widoly apart. To thia pr- found and searching exogosia the Nation wll doubtloss reply that, if thero {a no such word #1 exaugural, thero ought to be, ee Gon. Gorpoy, of Georgia, and Mr. Lasaz,ct Mississippi, are getting more abuan than thents for thoir arduous canvass of Now Hampshireot bobalf of tha Domocracy. It 1a bolioved tht the mere fact of thoir presence lost mors rox! to the party then their arguments galoe. Bosidos the roproaches of Northern Domocrty, thoy have also to endure thoso of the Souther: chivalry. Tho Savannah Advertiser, tor instance, *‘doubts very much tho oxpedianoy or wisdatt of such offoris,” and ssys; ‘It fa the time, it our opinion, as woll aa the occasion, for tbs South to assoct hor power by staying st hom! aod walting for thous who need hor aid tocca! to her for it.” ‘ ———__— An English clergyman, whoea oxample isto frequently imitated by his Amoricaa brethreo, thus announces Lenten services: ‘There will be olgeses at 12, fur ladies, on Monti day: at 12:15, for fomales, on Tnesiay 32! 5:40, for gentlemen, on Weduewlay 3 7D. ms, for females, o4 Mondays! t @ p, 12, for malos, on ‘Tuesday and Ft: Ladlos and geationon may constitute that pir tor's dock, but it is carrylhig tho flguro rather be youd tho necessary limit to discuss the members of it a8 be would ewinc,—malea and female Tho words ‘‘man” and woman" aro amocg tho pureut and most forctblo in the languays Why not uso them ? Sa Trogann C, Pansowa, cx-membor of Congrett from tho Cloveland District, loft none too esTorf a record behind him; but one thing he did wal: wont fur to cover up & muttitude of sing [othe exes of bis conutitnouts, Wo sosured appropr tons for Rock River Harbor and tho broakws of Cleveland, In coneldoration af this conspicu* ous and patriotie sorvico, tho Clovoland Piai~ dealer haa not the hoart to puruue Mr, Panvoré farthor, and it is evon willing to admit that 2 tho heat of tho political campaign much maa sald porbans, that ehould have boon Jeft anssll. What a mantle of charity tho Rivor aud Harlot ‘bill ia, to bo sure | (ee rer Strong objections ara wrgeu by foading philor optiers of the Protection school to a now oll-pip# Dill, now beforo the Pounsyivanla Leglstaturt- Thoy arguo that If the bill becomes s 1% ‘*pipo-lines will bo carried outside the oe will communteate with the Baltimore & 0b Tiailroad, aud will send overy gallon of oll a duced in the State to Baltimore.” These oe very words of the Philadelphia Telegraph. 7 presumption is, of coues, that the people ie} Fenusylvaula have become so enervated by ne taction as nut to be able to compote ersa wi Delghboring State. ~ Sane The Washington Chronicle publivhos tat Fe dorses the petitlon of the children of the ne Senator Wittiax K, Sepasrian for the Toro" tion of tho sentence of expulsion passed a him in July, 1861. They allogo that their fi was always @ Union mau ; that lo was prove? from attending tho eousion of 1801 by the ty) tucbod condition of tho country; ae Rrave wrong wae done tim by tho rosolatlo! expulsion, Bevasrran was Senator from was. Ho was oxpelled with Mazox, Uaaca, W1orart, and the ret. ee Se ge ‘The charge that the Sielby County pase in tho Tennevseo Legia!aturo was Lribed for ANDREW Jouxevs has Leon proky proved. —— ee A very romarkable foaturo of the late lectioo fant in New Hampabire wos tuo operation O18 Jaw by which the polis in cectalt locale te allowed to be kept open until midulg! law was pacdod bys i