Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 10, 1875, Page 4

a S“"<TERMG,OF THE THIBUNE. | whoa, augue bn com sunooe bu ent, | arouses vin cuca enews aa OF THE TRIBUNE, RATEA OP SUNSCHIPTION (PAYABLE TH ADVANCE), epald nt thle OMmecs ) | Weakly, 2 Five cable ‘on cope whent, 1,795,848 bu corn, 539,096 bu onts, 14,314 bu rye, and 215,763 bn barley. Hogs Were quict, with prices of all grades, except choice light, ruling weak, Cattle wero active and steady, Sheop were in good demand at about Monday’ 'a price: | Wantrp—Uni Bpecial arrangs Bpectmen coptes ant free. Tho reaction las begun. New Tampshiro lends off with an upheaval which makes sad work of the foundations of the Democratic stronghold. ‘The Granite State returns to her first fovea, nfter her tomporary absence from the Republican honschold. ‘There was no half-way work about it; everything was included in tho restoration, ‘Tho olection yestoriay resulted in a complete Republican vistory, the returns received up to the hour of going to press assuring beyond question the election of Penson 1B, Cuensy, Repub- lican candidate for Governor, by a Inrgo majority, over Hinax Jt, Ronents, tho ‘Te prevent delay and mistaken, bo mire and givaj'osts ‘Office address in full, inclading State and County, Remittances may be made eltherby draft, express, Post Ofice order, of in registared Iettors, nt our risk. TRRMA TO CITY BUDSCRINERS, Daily, delivered, Sunday excepted, 26 conta pertreck, Daily, delivered, Sonday included, 30 Address THK TRIBUNE Corner Afadieon and Dearborn. GRAND OPHRA-NOUBE—Clark_ atres alte Sherman ttome, ally & fegne stmstrele aor of the Ki * Afternooa and evening. pelticago MUSRUM—Monroa atreet, between Doar- boruand State, * False Simo, ' pACADT: ‘MY OF MUSIO—ialned streatbatmenn Maq- Democratic nomince, sees engin an an . eniont of John MOB eo Uae ennene Riternoon and evaning. Railroad i Conmmissioner, ARLES: ——_— Powrns, is lected, and tho Senate M'VICRER'S THEATRE—Madlron atreet, patween Ai Dengbora cand Bint Fageaement of Mrs Housny, | (Md Honso of Reprosentatives, which s*ritmit Ax and Crown." the Democrats controlled Inst year by a mn- jority of 17 on foiut ballot, is overwholming. ly Republican, Our dispatches, both rpeciat and throngl the Associated Press, give the Republicans three members of Congress, be- ing a gain of onc Representative, Tho elec- tion of two out of the three is considered cortain, “Moonnys TH Olas and LaSalle, ternoon and orening. TRI dotoh street, bet Lone House on the Sridge,'? ADELPHI THEATRE—Deathorn street, corner Mon- fos. Variety entertainment. ‘''The Poor of New York.” eon and eroning. ——_—_—_—_= SOCIETY MEETINGS, FIESPERIA LODGE, No. 41, A. Fy a1 ‘alae, communication We Cilaert day erring, Ne yeas Vining retliren ti ty tha Br onder of tne SPORRSTER, Boo'y, CONMEROIAL RELATIONS ‘WITH SPAIN, ‘The statement is mado that tho Senate will consiger during the present executive session g UNION PARK LODGE, No. 610, . pes ara onl ‘, | ® Proposition to amend the old treaty with commit t > i 4 Franch fay at rig seelnck, at hole hall Lake- | Spain, which dates from the Inst cen- At., for work on the Si. Mf, Depren th attoudange is requested. By order of tho W. at; tury; but the outlino of this amendment] ns ANDREW CANT, Beo'y. published only includes provisions as to the gran Lae hee ome Laat ycrent ie Af.yReguler | right of search on the high sens, and tho pro- ammunication thia (Wei ea A . a6 Pen tecti f property belonging to citizens of Sons gaat, BM, Degteo. Visiting {yeturra aro canializ | tection of property ging tho United Statés, but situate in Spanish territory. If this is tho entire project for re- adjusting our rolations with Spain, it is con- spicnously doficient. It ia high time that we have a now treaty with Spain, but it ought to cover primarily our commorcial relations “BUSINESS NOTICES. TO DSK AND ALE-ARE YOU, BUFTERING FROM ri Droncbitls, of any uf tho varlous hit so often, iibor's Pars Cod Liver | On and it sate and officaclous rennedy. Thin ack ton, but. da rogularty ‘presetbed Uy tuntmedical | . 4 fae tears Say GAMA eee with that power. The United States Beutas, + Hold by all drags! Government has permitted Spain to TO HOUSRRREDH: HE ATTENTION OF i beast familion le tapactially tavtied teite sopamer | Plunder the people of this country ality of Murnatt’s iavoring Hstracts.. They grocn- | by tho most shameless discrimination r enous nile an Is which onter ” . fate! tho’ cimpoatinn ‘of many of the. factitions fruit against American commerce. A system of Barons pow ta th jo market. ‘hey aro highly conconteatod, Ravo all the froahuess anil delicacy. oF frulta frown which they are proparcd, anil aro loss exponsivo, Menta, Foupe, otc. may Le greatly improved by Murnotiia Kx: Fractal The Chicage Gebune, Wodnoaday Morning, March 10, 1875. import and export duties has beon dovised for Caba and Porto Rico wheroby we pay ex- orbitant prices for tho staplesof thoso islands, and aro shut out from a fair compotition with Spain in furnishing Cuba with tho prod- ucts and manufactures of this country which the island requires. A simplo statement of tho oxports aud imports to and’ from Cuba and Porto Rico attests this condition of things. For tho fiscal year ending Juno SU, 1873, they wore as follows : IMPORTS INTO UNITED STATES, Simultaneously with tho exhibit of the glaring inequalities in the tariff fixed by the linoia Railroad Commissioners, which was made in Tnn Trung of yesterday, camo a statement of what this Railroad Commission costs tho State. It seems that we aro paying, iu salaries, fees, rent, clerk. zien, and in- cidental expenses, the sum of 951,209 a year for the support of a Board which has simply Buceceded in destroying railrond competi- tion in the State by its grossly-irregular and ignorantly-discriminating classifications. In canvassing the policy of relieving tho State bf costly and uscless Boards, it looks very much as though tho Railrond Commission would be a good place to begin. Cubs,., $77,409,826 Porto Ric 71,935,801 In round numbers, then, we are forced to pay about $70,000,000 a year in gold for the sugars, coffeos, tobaccos, frnits, ete, which wo buy from Cuba over and above the value of allthe flour, grains, and mannfacturcd articles which Spain allows us to give in ex- change. This is whoily unnatural, as we aro the nearest neightas nit Ge best customers of these islands, wd 4inue wo produce in great quantities and cnn furnish at cheaper prices all the primo commodities which the inhabitants of 4ho islands are foreed to pur- chase elsowhero. The exactions of Spain ent hoth ways. Sho imposes export duties on all the articles wo buy from her West India possessions; whon tho duty on coffeo was removed in this country, Spain put on an additional export tax, s0 that American consumers should pay as auch as over, with the difference that the tax now goes into the Spanish Trensury instead of our own. Tho import dutica levied upon American commodities sent to Cubs are al- tort prohibitory, aud vastly greater than the import dutics on commodities sent to Spain, ‘Tho whole system has been framed with tha express purpose of sustaining the Spanish Government out of the proceeds of Cuban taxex, and tho peoplo of tho United States are made tho special victims of the imposi- tion. Thero is no other great nation on earth which would enduro the exactions pnt upon us; thero is no other first-class nation which Spain would dare to treat in tho same fashion, It is in tho powor of the United States Government to oxact from Spain ot least fair trade. Grent Britain aljows us to trade with Canada and other colonies of hers on the same terms she trades with’ thom herself, Why should not Spain be required to dolike- wiso as regards Cubs and Porto Rico? Spain has no moral or lnwful right to maintain this persistent discrimination against the United States, and eho could not enforce it if our Governmont should set out to resont it, Sho has long sinco forfeited any natural or ac- quired rights in the West Indica, if any for. inidoble powor should s0¢ fit to contest them for the benefit of the nativo inhabitants of those islands, Her treatment of theso People has been simply barbarous. Sho has goaded then on to rebellion ‘against her authority, and, ina civil war of a long term of years which hns been unparalioled for ils crueltics aud outrages, sho has failed to assert the dominion which sheclaims, Sho preserves tho last remnants of hwnan slavery in tho elvilized world, and ignores at onca tho rights of humanity and tho scorn of all enlightened nations, ‘I'he maintenanceof human bondage and the demonstrated incapacity to govern Cuba poacofullyand justly would of themselves justify: the intorferonce of any other nation generous cnough to take sides with the op. pressed, Tho United States Governmont is not called upon moro than any other civilized uation to rescue Cuba from bongage, and wo sro not in a position to make war for a sentl. meutal or philanthropic purpose, But wo owe it to ourselves to enforce fair and equal commercial troatment from a Government which has forfeited the respect of tho civil. ized world and yottroats our Government with disdain, If there is to ba any reopening of the trenty with Spain, it should novor again be closed until every fair demand for reciprocal trado with Cuba shall havo been accorded by the Spanish Government, —_—_—__ The Memphis Aralanche, in roply to Taz Cuicaco Taiwunx upon the question of civil rights, says; ‘There ts no more opposition in the South than in tho North to the “ political rights of tho ueyro." ‘The *nocta | prejudice” hore fa, thu wame entertained at the North, but it suite the purposes of the Republican Ultras to iualat that with ua social and * political * prejudices aro Identical, though drawing broad Lue of distinction Lotweou tha two when practiced outaide of the Bouth, ‘To iilustrate: 1f w colored man be re- fused eseat in the Uresecircle of « Northern thestro or at the table of » first-clase Northorn hotel, it u only “soctal projudico,” Hus the same act of excluaton in the Bouth ts a * political projudice,”’ that demandatho tania of the Federal authorities, even to the extent of awapending the writ of Aatvns corpus and over. Tho St. Louis Repu es tho trouble todevote nn entire column to proving that there is a hopeless division in the ranks of the Republican party. Somu'timo since it assumed that the Republican party was dend, but having becomo convinced of tho absurd. ity of this assertion, it now davotes itself to tho hopeless task of showing thnt it is di- vided. Tho mistake which tho Republican makes is in confounding subtraction with addition. There has been considerable sub- traction from the Republican party, namely, asubtraction of the elements of fraud, cor- ruption, and carpet-baggery, most of which came originally from tho Democratic party and will go back to it as soon as that party is in power and has opportunities for plunder, ‘Tho chief line of defense so far followed in the Brooklyn trial way strengthened yes. terday by the testimony of two witnesses to whom Mr, ‘Tinton confided his first version of Mr, Bercuen's offonso—that of making improper proposals, In tho attompt to im- peach tho plaintif’s veracity by proving that ho has tlatly contradicted himself upon various points, and in the samo connection fortify- ing tho theory of o conspiracy, the defenso havo made some progress in spite of Judge Funnenton’s ingenious cross-examinations, ‘Tho witnesses, both as to tho “True Story” as originally told by tho author, and as to the age, costume, etc., of the fomalo traveling- companion in Connecticut) aro direct and positive so far as thoy go, and, altogether, Mr. Bexcurn moy tally a gain in yesterday's Proceedings, An effort to afford additional protection to tho sanctity of the grave was yesterday do- feated in tho Michigan Legislature, the Houso voting down a bill which contemplated tho transfer to tho University of tho bodies of inmates of almehouses, Prisons, and houses of correction, whose remains were fot claimed for burial by friends, It is a enrlous sentimentality which rofuses sefenco the ben- efit of the cadavers of paupers and crimti- uals, oven though, as is searcely dis. puted, such a disposition of unelaiined clay would go far toward supplying the de. mand for dissection, aud unquestionably in tho same proportion discourage body-snatch- ing. ‘The horrid plunder of the resurreetion- ist will continue to tempt the following of tho ghastly trade so loug as “ thero's money in it,” aud the occasional dotection and pun ishment of grave-robbers is, nt tho best, but sorry satisfaction, ‘he Michigan legislators have shown a singular discrimination as be- tween the dead and the living in thelr votes fgainst the Lill, SSS ‘The Chicago ‘produco) markets were general. ly stronger yesterday, with a fair aggregato of business transactions, Moss pork was in good demand, and bo per bri higher, closing aot 818.27}@18.20 cash, and $18.40 for April, Lard was quiet and a shade firmer, closing at $18.22} per 100 Iba euch, and 813,25 for April. Meats wero quict, and jo per tb higher, at Gjo for shoulders, 930 for short ribs, and 100 for shart clears, Dressed hogs wero in fair demand, at $7,6048,00 per 100 Ibs, Highwines were active and firni ut $1.09 per gallon, Flour was quiot and stronger, Wheat waa more active, and Jo higher, closing at 86}0 for March, und ‘880 for April, Com. was in better dvmand ond a shade firmer, closing at W340 cash, and 710 for May, Oats Were quiet and n shade firmer, closing at 5230 for March, and 5230 for April, Ryo was quiet aud finer ot 980. Barley was dull and 10 lower, closing at $1.05 for Maroh, and $1.02 for April. On Saturday evening last there wasia storein this clty 9,982,509 bu THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, MARCI 10, eA Ree throwing @ Stato Government, This fs tho difference, Itfenots difference in theact, Tho question turne upon whether the colored applicant was refuted n seat dn a Northern or a Southern theatre, If in a Northern theatre, {tis onlya "social prejudice.” If in ®Bouthern theatre, {t becomen an attempt to deny the Ulack man tho rights and privilegos of citizenship, Doen Tux Tawnwsx aco tho polnt 7 ‘The real point” in this matter is that in tho North party issues aro not made ont of purely eocini matters or griovauces, Docs tho lralanche neo this “ point"? If any Op: position is mado in the North to social grioy- ances, it is made upon social grounds and in a social manner, If they cannot bo acttled in any other way, thoy aro taken into tho courts, not into cloction campaigns or into party platforms, When these griovances occur in the South, they aro immediately givon o political cast, If they aro not, then they ara settled by tho knife or pistot, not by the courts, When the South learns to make this distinction between what is social aud what 4s political, it will be a happier tine for all concerned, —_—_— THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. Tho Republican party is now out of power in Congress, and tho last Republican Con- gress we mnny seo for somo timo hs nd. journed. ‘The Democratic party has control of tho popular branch, which makes appro- printions and dictates legistntion ; of a major. ity of the State Governments, and of numerous ininor county and city offices, Its programme las already been announced, namely, to as- sail tho Republican party through investiga. tions of alleged abuses, It was this specions promise, with the promiso to reform overy- thing, that induced the people to hand over the governing power to the Democracy, both in the National Congress aud in State Leg- islatures, 3 It is the tendency of all political combina- tions, after they have grown large and power. ful, and have held control of Governments fora long timo, to develop corruptions and abuses, hero has nover been a political party of any description in any country, whether the form of government has been republican or monarchical, which is an execp- tion to this rule, It is the samo with political parties as with churches. Corrupt mon do not get into cither and abuse their po. sitions until the organizations have grown large and powerful, There is no dangor in the churches which aro poor nnd small. On tho other hand, the poorer and smaller they are, the more do purity and divine grace abound in them, Bad men do not develop themselves until the churches become large, rich, and fashionable, So with political Parties, At tho outset, the Republican party was blameless. It waa not until it swept State after State by large majorities, aud held the control of patronage for many years, that it attracted corrupt men into its organization, It was tho party which saved tho country. It represented the majority of tho intelligence, tho re- speetability, the patriotism of the country, Its aims were high nnd puro, It was the party of morality and humanity. Notwith- standing this,'assoqn os it had rowards to distribute and patrounge to bestow, it attract- ed from the other party many knaves and rascals, men without principle, and bent only upon schemes of plunder and self-aggrandise- ment. The majority of this class camo out of the Democratic party, and wero skilled in their nefarious practices through long experi- ence in its ranks while it was in powor, and, now that tho Democratic party is coming into and fraud of this Domoeratic protestation of reform. They will find still more of it when 8 Democratic Congress comes into session, And, after frittering away two sesstons, ro- forms nothing. logistntion was necded to restore confidence. Ample opportunity to repair the injury was given, ‘Twice the session was extended in order that a judicious measure might be ma. tured, Lut the modification ndopted conveys: no relief, and the raflrond companies declare to the world that thoy prayed for justico and it was denied then ——————— BANK EXAMINATIONS, It seems that wo did our Springfield re. Porter an injustice in quostioning the nc- curacy of his iuformation relative to Mr. Spenker Hatves’ effort to provent n favorable roport of Mr, Boaur's bill for the examina. tion of banks. When wo woro told that Speaker Harves had actually approached Mr, Herntnoroy and Inbored with him to induco him to disapprove tho bill, wo could not credit tho statemont, and naturally concluded that tho Teporter hind been misinformed; but whon tho case is restated with names of wit nesses, we are not at liberty to discredit it, viz: Henntwatox toutay stated to your correspondent that tho report wublishod tm Haturday’a TumnunE. om to an interview between Hataes and Henuixatox on Voave'y Hankin bill tas true, and that ho (nana. Tox) could make afldavit to it if necossary, The only matlor with Tin: ‘Trinonn dts apaten was that it did wot atato oll that Haves hiad said nud done to pro- vent n favorable report by him (ITERRINGTON) aa Act- Sng-Chairman of the Nanking Committes on Toave’s Banking bill, ‘This statoment waa roale by Heuntxa- ToN unsolicited, and in tho proscuce of Heprescutativo itse, of Cook, Representatlye CoNNoLs.y atutes that HEMNINGTON to-day mnie tho same statement as above to him (Coxxonuy) u prosonca of Mopresentative Afc- Cox and others, ‘The bill itself is ono suggested by the ordi. nary dictates of prudence, and simply carries out a constitutional requirement, Thoro is nothing in it calenloted to injure or prejudice the interests of any honest and sound savings bank, It is intended, on the other hand, to protect all private banks that are ina good condition, and, by holding savings banks ton strict accountability, to wipo out'of existence any bogus concerns and increase the business of tho sonnd banks, It is entirely in the in- terest of public economy, sinco it will guar- autee, as far as may be, the safo-keepin; >f deposits in savings banks, promote pruut confidence in their security, und thereby en- courage habits of saving. It is not strange that wo should declino to Deliove without the most positive proof that tho Speaker of the Illinois House had been engaged in lobbying ngainst this meritorious public measure, ‘There was n special reason for diserediting any such action on tho part of Mr. Haryrs, since this gentleman is a brother of Mr. Jonn C, Haines, now n membor of tho Senate, and President of one of the prominent savings institutiong in this city. ‘To crodit Mr, Speaker arses with lobby- ing against the bill would, therefore, place him under the suspicion of having the most unworthy and seltish motives, aud try- ing to serve family interests at tho expenso of the public interests. ‘This action would also bo construed in some quarters as a re- flection upon the savings bank with which the Harses family is counected. Such are- flection wo still beliove to be unwarranted, notwithstanding tho fact that Mr, Speaker Haines! lobbyiag against the bill now seems to have been clearly proved. ‘Tho opposition of tho Harves family to Mr. Boave's bill should be attributed to the family idio- syncrasics, and should not be associ- ated in any way with ony particu. lar savings bank. It is just possible that thore may ba a feeling among certain of the leading private bankers in Chicago that, in tho nbsenco of a law requiring examinn- tious and reports, their personal eredit will solves, The post-oftica savings banks of the British Governmont are dopended upon to supply the necessary funds. Depositora in thoso banks get 2} por cont interest, ‘Tho de- posite wero at first used in buying consols, which soll for abont 92 and yield ss per cont, 50 that thero was sufilcient margin to coyor {ho cont of managoment. Tho funds havo Accumulated so frat, however, that tho do- mand for consols is raising their price, and tho Governmont hns thorefore decided to ntil- {zo its paro funds in anothor way. Its loans for snnitary purposes will yield 9} per cont, ko that it will clear enough profit to pay the oxponses, besides doing tho English artisaus incaloulable good. SLIGHT MODIFICATION OF THE POTTER LAW. ‘Tho Wisconsin Legislature is eredited with having modified tho Porren law. Somo iden of tho relief afforded to the railways may bo had from a comparison of tho law prior to and rinca the passage of the amendment. By the original Inw tho Chieago & Northwestern and Milwaukeo & St. Paul Railway? wero placed in Clnsa A; tho “Wisconsin Central, West Wisconsin, nnd Green Bay & Minnesota Rallronds in Class B, and all other railroads in the State were included in Class C, ‘The rondsin Class A wero restricted ton chargo of 3 cents por milo for passengers; those in Class B to 8} cents, and thoso in Class O to 4 conts per mile, The amended law docs not change those rates; but, by a special act, the Wisconsin Central Railrond was taken from Closa Band put in Class ©, That Company and tho Wisconsin Valley Railroad Company nro also cxempted from the payment of taxca upon thoir gross enrn- ings, all other companies being required to pay 4 per cent on their gross receipts, For ronds in Classes A and B moximum rates were prescribed by the original Inw for seven special classes of freight, embracing the principal articles of shipment, such os grain, flour, lumber, live stock, and agricul. tural implemonta. For merchandise,—com- monly known as first, second, and third class freights,—fixed ratey were not prescribed, Upon each of tho articles comprised in tho seven classes an arbitrary rate for the first 25 miles, or any portion thereof, was allowed, An additional rate was named for tho second 25 miles, or any portion thereof, and so on for each subsequen 25 miles. For instance, the rate on grain was 6 cents per 100 pounds for tho first 26 miles, 4 cents for the second 26 miles, and 2 cents additional for each subsequent 25 amiles, up to 200 miles, after which tho rate was half o cent per 1060 pounds for ench niddi- tional 25 miles carriod. Undor this schedule, were n shipmont destined, say, 10 iniles, the company received the rate allowed for 26 miles; and, if carried 26 miles, the rato named for 50 miles could to exacted. The amended law provents this discrimination af- ter tho first 25 miles by onacting that the rato for the second 25 miles shall not exceed 1 6-10 mills per 100 pounds per inile for the actual distance carriod. Tho gross rate for 50 miles is thus left unchanged. After that distance, and up to 200 miles, an increase of 1 cent per 100 pounds for each 25 miles is made; and for cach subsequent 25 milea thereafter an increase of 4 cent per 100 pounds is allowed. ‘To the present lumber rates tho amended Inw adds $1 per car-lond for each 26 miles after the first 60 miles, Provision is also made that, for the second 26 miles, the rato shall not exceed 20 cents per car-lond per milg for tho distanco actually carried. .. A similar pro rata provision is in- serted in the remainder of the soven classes, Tho rates on livo stock, after 50 miles, aro increased 60 cents por carload for ench 25 miles. On salt, coment, and lime the in- crease, after 60 miles, is 1} conte por barrel for each 25 miles; aud on coal, brick, sand, stone, and heavy fourth. class articles, "the in- crease, after 60 miles, is 31 por car-lond for each 25 miles, Upon agricultural implements, FAILURE OF PROTECTION. In no particular is tho unprotective charac. tor of n ‘protective tariff” more conspicuons than in its effect upon tho exportation of American manufacturos, The man who pro- duces merely enough to feed, and clothe, fud house himself, and has nothing to sell, adda nothing to his own orto the general wealth, Tho county of Illinois which mierely raises onough food and other prod- ucts to keep tho inhabitants from starvation would be a most advisable place to movo away from, Soif the Stato produced only sufllcient to feed and clothe the people with- in its borders, and year aftor year had noth- ing to sell or oxchonge, it would rap- idly be abandoned by tho thrifty oud ontorprising., What is true o1 on individual of a local community and State hold equally true with regard to tho nation, and tho mens- ure of the annual addition to the national wealth is tho sum of tho surplus products which wo have to sell to tho exterior world, or, more closely speaking, this sum represent- ed by what wo reccive in oxchange for tho surplus products of our own industry. If wo havo no surplus, then the nation is in the ex. act condition of the man who works the year round for his food, clothing, and lodgings, In 18146, Congress was ablo to overcome the long-cstablishea projudices of the past, and framed a tariff for revenue, Under that tariff the country prospered; and, tho policy of tho Government becoming fixed, mon. ufactures flourished. So snecessful was this class of domestic industry that Senator, now Vice-President, Wizson mado his introductory speech in the Sonunto by a goneral advocacy of the removal of all pro- tective dutics on tho ground that they were injurious to the manufacturer, Under the tariff of 1846, tho average rato of dutics was 26 percent, In 1857, Gon. Banus, thon a Republican Representative in Congress from Massachnsotts, with other leading statesmen, considered thnt the revenue was too greatond the tariff was generally too high, and it was remodeled by n Inrge increase of the free list and o reduction of duties, so that tho ayerago duties was reduced to about 18 ser cont. ‘This tariff went into operation tn 1857-'8, and continued until 1861, and tho an- anual dividends of the Now England manufac- turers during those four years of low tariff were ns follows; 1858, 5} por cent; 1859, 7 per cent; 1860, 9.66 per cent; 1861, 8.66 per cent, ‘That bill was voted for in tho Sennto by both tho Senators from Massnchu- sotts, both the Senators from Rhode Island, , both Senators from Connecticut, and ono from Now Hampshiro, Only two of the Now England Sonators voted against it. ‘Chat bill was foundod on tho policy of encouraging home manufactures by the admission of raw materiats free, theroby ennbling them to power, aud thoy havo no further op. | furniture; and wagons, only is tho increaso ap- | attract » larger lino Gf Acposits than other | mannfaetsre goods cheaply and oxport and portunity to plunder under Repub. | precinblo. In this claas the rates are advanced | bankers not so well known can securo,—in sell therm in foreign countries, In 1861 the lican cover, they will: gravitate back | from tho start—i21 por car-lond for tho first | Other words, give them a monopoly of tha Jaw was changed, and since then, our oe savings ; but we think the Harnes family go too far when thoy ask that the public intorost bo sacrificed for the benofit of any “ring ” of bankers in which thoy may havo an intor- est, Wo fear that farther opposition to Mr. Boavr's bill, cither from Senator or Speaker Harvzs, will not strengthen their position with the Chicago public, THE HOMES OF ENGLISH ARTISANS, ‘The bill for the improvement of iho homes of the working classes, promised in tho Quoen’s speoch and sinco introduced by Dis- nautr's Ministry, is meeting with Parliament. ary and popular favor. It will no doubt pass, It permits tho local authorities of cities of 25,000 inhabitants and upwards to condomn the bad districts under their jurisdiction, tear down tho buildings ond coustruct new ones, ‘Tho money uceded is to bo advanced by the Government at 34 por-cont interest. Tho Dill, as it hag beon framed, permits, but does not compel, suck local action, ‘There is a chance, howovor, that it will compel it, ‘The necessary amendment isto be moved and may be adopted, If it is not, the law may do lit- tle immediate good. Tho proposed reform has alrendy ‘been care tied into effect in partaof Liverpool, London, Glasgow, and Edinburg. Liverpool bas a population twico as denso as that of London, Thirty thousand of its familics live in ono room apieco,—an avernge of flvo porsons tonroom. Of theso 30,000 homes,” 15,000 are cellars, without light, without drainage, with mountains of filth, In theso districts, the death-rato has been 70 per 1,000, ‘Tho normal rate is 20 to 26 per 1,000, Something dns been dono to clear out the plaguo-nests, to their original surroundings, he Repub- lican party has passed through a terrible or- deal, It has been tricd in the furnace of civil war, It has not only had to conduct. this war and establish the relations of aub- jugated States to tho Nationn! Government, and of a raca emancipated from tho servi- tude of two conturios to thelr masters upon terms of civil and social equality, but it has had to suffer from the national domornliza- tion and the low standard of public smorals which always result from great wars nud enormous iilitary oxpenditures, ‘That it should have suffered during this time from tho selfish misconduct of bad and unprincipled men is not remarkable, During the past two years it has been investigating these nbuses upon the demand of the people, and it as done it promptly and pretty thor- oughly, although it has had to suffor still more in consequence thereof, Rathor than conceal theso abuses which havo crept in, it has dragged them to the light, and suffered loss of confidence in consequence. It hos, however, the compensation of having puri- fiod its ranks, of having ostracised: the cor- ruptionists, anit of- having swept and gar- nished its house, What it has failed to do ia trifling as compared with what it has dono, Tho dark spots in its escutchedn aro small os compared with tho brightness and glory of itsrecord, It saved the Republic, eman- cipated the glavo and made a freeman of him. If it had done nothing more, it would still be entitled to the everlasting gratitude of all lovers of humauity and liberty, What docs thin Domocratic hue and cry of investigation omount to? Tho New York Times pointedly remarks: ‘The Inst time 25 miles, $3 for the socond 25 miles, and $2 for cach subsequent 25 miles. It is ovident that upon tho articles which comprise tho bulk of tho shipments in Wis- consin,—grain, Tumber, and live stock,—tho incroase is insignificantly small. ‘The grati- tude of tho railway men for tho “ relief ” af- forded is expressed by Mr. Mennrizin the pre- diction that it will probably yicld onough to pay for “ grensing the car-wheels,” ‘The origitlal law made no provision for di- visions between connecting roads. ‘The rate was to be computed from tho point of start- ing, notwithstanding tho shipmont might pass from ono road to another; consequently, if ono road carried freight, say, 20 miles, and delivered it to a cgnnecting rand to bo carried thereon & miles, tho firat road conld exact tho entire rate for 25 miles, ‘Tho amended law prevents this by enacting that the ‘gross rato shall bo divided between the rondsin propor- tion to tho actual distanco carried on ench, ‘This apparently equitablo adjustment aban- dons a principle that has heretofore been recognized in all freight schedulos, and which was admitted by tho Porrzn law, #. ¢., the justico of an arbitrary rato far the first dis. tance, however short, to pay for receiving aud handling the froight. For oxam- ple, tho rote on lumber per car-load is $8 for the first 25 miles, and 20 cents per car-load for cach subsoquent milo up to 50 miles, Now it is manifest that tho ex. Ppenso of billing, roceiving, and handling tho freight will bo tho same fora short or long distanco, but the amended Jaw takes no ac. count of this fact, Undor its provisions, wero a shipment destined, say, 30 tniles,—8 miles on one rond and 22 on anothor,—tho tax has ranged from 38 per cent in 1862, G4} per cont in 1865, and in 1872 it noel at 494 por cont; it was thon reduced 10 per cent, but tho late Congress ropealed tho-xe- duction and incrensed the rate 10 per cent, What wo wish to call the attention of the country to is the effect upon tho exports of domestic manufactures by the protective policy, The valuo of the exports of articlos of domestia manufacture under the four yoars of tho low-tariff of 1857, and of a like period under the high tariff in force since then, are as follows: Got cate) Yen Year. Currency ratue, 2,854,000 ‘32,100,000 40,183,000 43,262,000 «Tho aggregate exports of domestic manu- factures during the fonr years preceding tho War, under an 18 percont tariff, was grenter than undor the four years following the War, under o 50 per cent protective tariff, Wo havo grouped together a number of the articles of domestic manufacture, with tho yalues of tho exports thereof in 1840, 1869, and 1872, ‘Tho table is interesting og show- ing tho almost absolute cutting off of such exports by tho protective tariff, Hero is a Hist: pasttactured arte 1860, 1809, 1872, ‘Boots and aboes, Wook $ beater] $ 603,089 $ 782,825] Loui ‘gna}oc9 aayyzi9 10, i first road would receive $2.10 for recoivin seas re the Democratic party wont out of power, it Gr | but much remains to be dono. Glasgow has Slarhite Pi atone, 18, left bohind it, as the results of its long rile, handling, hauling, and delivering tho freight, spent nearly $10,000,000 in improving the Joe sphber. aoa ; Y a plundered country, s Government handed | While the second rond would receive $0.0 homes of its poor, and Edinburg has also des aud wid O00} 21,016] 1,445,178 for its service, Woro tho distanoo to bo Lauled over tho first rond still leas mad tho shipment smaller, it is not cloar how tho company rendering tho service would recoive enough to pay for making out the way bill, In thus abrogating a principle, the justice of which is solf-ovidont, the Legislature com- mitted a wrong greator than the one it sought to repair, One section of the amended law’ will pro- voko asmile, Itis intended to insuro close. running conneotions botwoon the passonger trains of oll roads that cross or intersact ench other, If the companies fail to mako such connections as the Railrond Commissioners deem proper to be mado, and, after notive, givo no excuse satisfactory to the Commis. sionens, tho lattor shall order tho connections to bo made on penalty of $100 for each day's disobedience, It may bo presumed that tho Commissioners will hardly undertake the re. sponsibility of framing tho companies! time- tables, Tho amendmont is a disappointment to the railway companics, ‘Che people of Wiscon- sin were willing and desirous that any evi. dent injustice of the Porter law should be removed, It was shown that the rates fixed in the law wero not only inadequate, but wero much lower than those curront in any other Stato or country; end, os no company whose lineg were wholly within the State was ablo to meet tho interest upon its bonds, it was respactfully and earnostly asked that the companies bo allowed to chargo remunerative rates. The roquest was not an unreasouable one, The credit of the State had beon impaired by tho law, capital had become alarmed, and wise over secrotly to traitors, and a devastating war, Tho mistakes, tho follics—even tho ‘jobs'—committcd under the rule of the Republican party aro yonial indced in comparison with these crimes.” This is true, and it is a statement which is too frequently overlooked. When the Demo- cratio party went out.of powor it would not bear investigation one-tenth as well as tho Repubtican party will now, Should it ro. main in power during the next fifteen years, it will be still Jess abto to hear an inveutiga- tion, even if this period should be o period of peace, as now appoars probable, In the uatural order of ovents, its scandals will bo greater than those which have attached to the Hepublican party, becauso its following eurbracos the great bulk of the most iguoraut fad corrupt cloments In evory community, it is a party which has not been in tho habit of making investigations of the conduct of its leadora and offlce-holders, and it will xot commence now, When Congress meots, in the rush aud scramble for spoils, intensified by the long absenco from the public crib, tere will be neithur timo nor disposition for investigations, ‘The purpose for which this outery of invostiga- tion was made, namely, the success of tho Democracy at the polls, has been satisfied, We shall hear no moro of it, ‘This has already been shown in the Reform" (?) Legisla. tures, Wewere to have investigations and corrections of abuses in Ohio, Hiinois, Tndi- ang, Wisconsin, New York, aud Pennsylvania when the Reformers came into power, but in not one of these States ns a single investiga. tion discovered a thing, The people of these States have alrvady focud ont tha humbug “Tt must be rememborod that the table of 1872 isfor a period twelve years lator than in 1860; that during that twelvyo years these manufactures wore protected at tho rate of 50 por cont in gold, besides the costs of freight, commissions, aud importors’ profits ; and yot, except in iron and stoel, thoro is hardly an item where the export valuo in 1872 equals that of 1860. We had increased in tle meantime our population since 1860 30 percent. We had moro than doubled our means of transportation, and in those twelve years there had been 9 vast improvomont in inachiuery, dispensing with the moro costly manual labor, and yet the American manu. fneturers woro not able in 1872 to produco a surplus to sell abroad as great as thoy did in 1800, From 1867 to 1860 our exports of cot- ton manufactures increasod 70 por cont, or au average, aay, of 20 per cont per aunum, At 10 por cont per annum, or one-half the rato of increaso under tho low tariff, the value of exported cotton goods would have been in 1872 over 825,000,000, when in fact thoy have fallon away to loss than one-fourth of what thoy were in 1860, ‘Wo submit this practical iMustration of tho effect of a protective tari! upon the produc. tions of domestic industry, ‘lo maintain our trado with the world, wo force the ogricul- tural intorest to produce abnost the entire surplus beside what wo consume, The man- ‘ufacturers produce comparatively nothing for export. They live in a “homo markot,” with thoir profits guaranteed by Inw from tho pro- coeds of a special tax Inid on the whole peo- ple for their benoit, ‘Thoy are the priviloged class, authorized by law to chargo for their products 40 to 50 por sent more than they boon at work, although the American visitor who strolled through the narrow streota of either city, looking up at the seven stories of close-packed wretchednoss, dirt, and yico on cither side, would never suspect that o ponny had beon spont in bettoring the condi- Hon of tho squalid massos, ‘Lhe London yestries havo of course dono nothing for the London poor, but the trustees of Guonaz Panopy’s fund, and the company organized Ly Sir Sypxey Wartentow, have beon at work for somo years in pulling down rookerics and putting up homos, ‘Cho Peanopy fund, doxpito all that hos been said abont it, hos uot effected much, Its buildings shelter only 954 familios in all, and pay only 2} per cout on the investmant, The latter fact is especially discouraging, becausefit. keops pri. vate nou from building good homes for work. ingmon on speculation. Such structures must yield & por cent, according to tho Spectator, before thoy can attract pri- vate capital. Business men argue that if the Pranopy trustees, with thelr yast resources, can clear only 4} per cont, others cannot get as much, On the other hand, Bir Syower Watextow's{Company has paid fair dividends from the start. Itisa striking proof of the eflcacy of pure air, Ught, and good water that the Warertow buildings accommodate 1,600 porsons to the acre, with odeath-rate of only 15 to the 1,000, while the land on which they stand used to hold only 350 persons to the acre when tho eath-rato was 70 to the 1,000, When the Artisan Dwellings’ bill becomes @ law, the loans advanced to the local author- itles for usein bettering the homos of the poor will be contributed by tho poor theme aro worth in the imarkets of tho world, the farmors aro obliged to sell thoir p at tho world’s prices, without Fy bounty, + whit roduoly Cent —_— ATEW Y QUESIIONS, ‘To the Eititar The Meaga Trtha Tril Obey Me atac Beet ye the at in you nay ilust,'tn consoquonct of the proponte oa th of tho tartir, ‘an unnatural atimutin hie at given to the various branches of importing.” uly Dlcado give atatiaiice showing tho didrarent. 4. ack and amount of inereane? A ‘nh another article you. gay under {arlff prices ore at the Iigueat, and under free the lowest. Do Fou Mean prices for everyting, ‘Bot erally mootking? Bs Bete low mitch do forolguers now take fr can ud cheewnere? an Orem Ua Wat they n. your illustration of the $100 arttct would it hot bn batter. for ttn cotmtry @ ign article made here bout any dut. lero $174.23, idle Wa eH cH Cline REPL. 1, Ib is not possible to give the Oxact amonng of the Incroage ; but It waa shown by the sudden expansion of recoipta into tho Treasury, wharg. by tho Fobruary statement of tho debt exbibin eda docroano of more than six tnillions, where. ay, but for tho apeculative imports, thera woul lave beon on increngo of tho debt. 2. We moan prices of oversthing, speaking, oxcopt the uvprotocted those who havo surpluseaof puch to such ag the wheat, corn, pork, and beet of the farmer, and cotton and tobacco of the Planter, All protected products are marked UP to th high-tariff levol, and tho uuprotocted Tasaey oy course auffor therefrom, 8, Foreigners purchaso from us to the exter) of tholr needs of all thoso articles whictt wo are willing to sell to them aa cheaply aa other com, Petitors, Tiis is th rulofofl trade the world ores, botweon individuals of tho some neighborhos} a8 well as between uations. Foreigners Pay uate what thoy buy with thoir surplus products toths oxtent that we aro willing to exchange commod,, ties, and if thoro is any balance over on ai ther tide it Iwecttled with gold. If we wore ablo toon er thom the products of tho furnace, forgo, worl. bonch, machino-shop, loom, and gavil, as Wellag tho products of the field, the plow, and tle aickto, as cheaply as other competitors, it ja is pousiblo totoll tho extent of the trade they would bo, It ia very certain thoro would fy no balance of trado aAgainat us, and py exportation of gold or banda would bo Neceseay to settle differences, But, with o high tari, oxportation of manufacturos is Impossible, te caune tho artificially-ouhanced cost of Product them ronders them dearer than compere 3 goods; honce they can find no market in foreleg countrica, 4.-Tho answer to tho last question Is, if ry avo a groator aptitude for making avy artic, and can do it with less labor and oxpenso tisy foroignors can, it would be an economy to mia it hore. If tho industry of the country wer unhandicapped by an onerous tariff bunden, wy should be able to undersolt Great Britain in tis markets of tho Wostorn Homlaphero in 4 branches of cotton, wooten, wooden, and itn products ; but until it be dono wo noror can, + Gonerally oducts oj! oll nbros} A paragraph printed in tho last issue of Tix ‘Tnwoxe among the minor topica is catculs:a} perhaps to convoy a wrong impression with re. gard to tho Publio Library. The Library haan) catalogue for the reneon that it has no fwd with which to iseue one, and, oven if it hadit would be an inopportuno tithe to testo one nor, becauso tho Library is incomplete, eortz! thousands of volumes still being duo. In ls ofacataloguo, thorafore, a cheap and hsiy “Finding List” has beon issued, with whieh tty patrons of tho Library can aupply themselrast ® vogy moderate cost, Tho present *Jiat" ey only bo considered ag a makoshift until ec timo as tho Library has funds sufiictont to ian a catalogue which will meet tho wants of al, Whon that happy time comos, wo havo littl doubt that our Library will be as well oquipye! 88 any in tho country. ——_—_-____. ‘The rotgning deity of Now York atock open tors just at presont is var Gout, who has da. ing tho winter beaten at] tho other speculaton of Wall atroct and Bond utreot, to uso a str phrase, * out of thelr boots.” His colosaal trex actions have been cntirely aucceasfyl in etert Instanco, and, though somo of his confedent havo beon bitten, ho bas cacaped with a lise profit on overy operation. ‘The fact that he bis lad tho support of the community in his dei and mixdeeds ia pointed to as illustrating bis prudonce in obtaining control of the New Yur Tribune and holdiug conusidorablo stock ia anothor dally. Thoso nowspapors havo git him thelr hearty co-operation, whieh he ocd not, perhaps, havo obtained in any othor way, —__--_—_ ‘Tho New York Herald calls upon “+ tho grst cifiew of the Union—New York, Philadelptis, Chicago, Cinclanat!, Bt. Louis, Now Oriesny Bouton, Baltimore, andj§an Fraucisco "—to 02) models in plaster, cork, or papier-macho, gitins Gp accurate reproduction of tho cities, ther avetets, houses, wharves, churches, atc., 037 were 100 years ago. “ Now, wa call this pre, beastly pride.” Whero would Chicago bea such A gathoriug of Infaut citics? A bottle of Inke water and an Indian cabin would mokets 8 poor show against eithor York Town or Phi dolphia, ‘Tako us a8 wo aro, and we are uit afraid of compotitton, but as wo woro before st « |f wore at all, is giving our rivals too long odds. ———_-—-__ PERSONAL, Tho Roy. O. D. Heraen is home again, retied and in the onjoymout of oxcollont health, Epwin Hopven, of London, will utart aoe" magazino to bo called All the World Ocer. Dr. Butuitt mado goveral good hits in his Ieee ture before tha Louis¥ille Medical College. James Fisx, fathor of the once famed Jaxt Fisk, Jr., ia atopping at the Palmer House.. Avavetmt Datr has boon sick, and is recorer ing. This may be taken Utorally and professes ally. : Bishop Taxnor, of Indiana, and the Rev. Jous F, Fouron, of Mobile, Ala,, aro at tho Pala Houso. Joun T, Raysoxp, personator of tho velo Col, Mulberry Sellers, 1a stopping at the Grud Pacific. Wius B. Fanwerr, of Now York, bas it vented a mitralllonso which wifl fire 600 ahots § minute, ‘ The granddaughter of Tuoxag Jerresso¥ in Washington, meoking, omployment tor hers and gon, D. Eoxsrenr, Gorman Consul to Victor British Columbls, arrived at tho Palmor Hous yostorday, Supt. Bruurxos, of the Nowsboys' Hom leavos this morning to spend » woak at the Bla Neform School at Pontiac. to Tho Millerites, it sooms, havo determined keop tho day of thoir going up a profound secrtts Was B. F, ALLEN a Millerito? " Fonxey says that the wator of Eorope itt Dad that ovorybody drinka wino, but sbout othor little matter ho says nothing. e Miss Derze Ricuanvaon, daughter of the Secrotary of the Troasury, is eald to bao b seed foot little fgure aud to bo a perfect ‘woman, Sorngan is going to play in Avatralls after muking on extended tour, butadds: “114 a] die in tho moantime, at may slightly alter programmo," Epwanp P, Kexpatz, who died in cen from an overdows of bydrate of chlo writing « bistory of all the London ente ments for the United States. Misa Loviex Meraas, » viaitor st adniral en's houso in Washington, ia the bost id pa man on the Hudson. Sho is tall, rodent inusoular, and hor bair falls io braid walat, " Tt was quite Isto at night and a pelle friends were standing in front of the of os Pittuburg ‘Alderman, when © De woman, ete gered ae ? the tldmored foe waratt,