Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 9, 1875, Page 4

—_— ee aoe TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF AUNECHIPTION (PATABLY IN ADTANCE), Pentage Propald nt thin Omer. 3.00 | Weekly, t yeae.. 1.08 Pete: S180 Bite s 38 I opus af doublesheetieess 3,00 Parte of a year at tho same rato, * WANTED-Unp activo in exch town and village, Bpecial srrangemonte made with such. Specimen coples sant froe, "To prevent delay and mistakes, be anre and gire Post. Oftice addreae in full, including State and County, Hemfitancesmay beroadselther by draft, express, Post Ofice order, or in registered letters, at our risk, TERME TO CITT AUDECRINENDE. Datly, delivernd, Sunday excepted, 25 conta per week. Dally, delivered, Buntay included, 30 cents pee wack. ‘THR TRIBUNE COMPANY, d Deatbor Chicago, 1. TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. GRAND OPERA BOYS! Sharman Itouse, Kelly & Les ofthe Kitchen." CHICAGO MURLUM—Monsen atest, between Doar- bornand State, ** alse Slime." treet, onposlt nik eestat eae Belles EM SIC—Halatod strnet, between Mad~ paCAneny OT MPacneemont of Joua T. Raymund, Mulberry Seliors.”” WVICKER'S THRATR Dearborn and Stste, erTwixt Ax and Crown.’ EY" TRE=Mandotnh Oe ee Sattes A Tone iouse'on the Drie Madison street, hetweon omment of Bra. Rousby. ftract. between ADELPHI THPATRE-—Dearborn atrest, corner Mon- yoo. Varloty ontertalumon: he Poor of Naw York." “SOCIETY MEETINGS, Special Conclave of nl, Re this (Tuesday) oven Pa Ae riper ee a alge cnurgenne : sete Ce oe ish, W. LOUKE, Mecorder, ASHILAR, LODGTE No 2m ALE: td baie all aa run 3 Fran Pee Klason’ Heit for business and work om ‘Tho tratornity cortia bs Secretary. “GUSINESS NOTICES. to MoUhssnes's and return, with a tn!) funy Tosth, Fiesteclaes xnid fillings, ware id. no fancy priots. Natisfactl ven or money Corner Clare and Randolpn. WAR DECLARED-ONLY 88 TO THR NATIONAT, Capital; on}y 83 refunded. The Chicage CAbune. Gucsdsy Morning, March 0, 1875, ‘The resumption of the Brooklyn trial yos- terday brought out nothing of moro than or- dinary interest, unless we except the hot lite tle skirmish omong the counsel, in which Sneanxax came into brief prominence only to got beautifully snubbedb y tho Court. As usual, Mr, Trurox's Inwyers captured the ensual advantages incident to the sparring- matel, An important item of i ‘fecting the Chicago grain market is the of- ficial utatement of the amount of wheat re- maining unshipped in Minnosota, A. collec- tion of statistics from all tho railway lines in tho Stateshows the total on hand to bo 2,314,710 bushels, against 6,053,779 bushels st tho same dato in 1874,—n decrease of 2,709,039 bushel: Day by day Dr. De Koves’s chances grow more and more discouraging to hia High- Church supporters, who have sustained many soyere disappointments, and are now almost rerdy to acknowledge tho hopelessness of the gituation. As the matter stands, 14 out of the 23 Standing Committecs so far heard from rofuse consent to Dr. Dx Koven's con- secration, and among them aro several who were relied upon as certain to vote in the affirmative, Another special Diocesan Con- vention is among tho probabilities, The cirenlar issued by the Roy. Mr. Jor, mins, Presiding Elder, (o the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the Chicago District gives a gloomy picture of tho condi- tion of public morais in the good Eldor's bailivick. His allusion to the Chicago Times ns the ombodiment of “ the slanderous spirit, justly named the ‘Satanic,'” which, he says, hos grown so rampant and aggressive that “even gaod men know not what to do, nor whom to trust,” is but a mild oxpression of the sentiment of the community, irrespactive of denominational belongings. The appointment of the Hon. Goprovr 8. Onru, of Indiana, to the Austrian mission is one of peculinr fitness, During Mr. Ontn's Jong term in Congress he has always been on active and lending momber of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and for four years has been Chairman of that Committeo. Mr, Onin, who is of Gorman parontage, is also as familiar with tho German langungo as with his own, aud is an accomplished, affable, courteous, ond intelligent gentleman, The Austrian mission, while not likely to require nyy important diplomatic sorvico, is a digni- fied and honorablo position, and Mfr. Onru ‘will fil] it with crodit to the nation which he vepresents, —_—___—— The Pope, it seems, by tho cable telegram, has ono rule of law for Austria and another for Prussia, It is announced that ho has per- mitted tho Austrian Bishops to comply with the law requiring them to notify tho suthori- ties of the names of the priosts appointed to livings, while be encourages the Prussian Bishops in rosisting o similar law, If ho hopes by this means to stir up Austria to tak. ing a position against Progsia—that is, against Gormany—in a war growing out of the Ultra- montane dificultics, ho is probably wasting his time, Austria had o trinl of strength with Prassia in 1806 which she has not yot forgotten, and is not likely to forget for somo years to come, She wanty no war with any uation, but least of all with Prussia, —_—— t Tho brutal and outrageons trentment of a party of ladics in a Stato-strect car, narrated yw another column, is tho climax of a long weries of similar occurrences which havo been endured with astonishing patience. ‘This last outrago calls for prompt and summary action on tho part no less of tha insulted pub- Mo at large than of the friends of the ladies who wero the immediate suffercra, A suit for damages against the Company for neglect to provide reasonablo, not to say decont, pro- tection for passengers would bea good bo- ginning, ond then it might not be amiss to Inquire into the propriety of investing the pue-horso drivers with polico powers, and equipping them with revolvers aud clubs with which to defend ladies against rafllanly vio- tence and indeconcy, —_—_— ‘The Chicago produce markets were genoral? Jy tame yesterday, with not much change in prices, Moss pork was quict and 5e per bri higher, closing at $18.20 cash, and $18.35 for April. Lard was quiet and 2}@ho per 100 Ibs higher, closing at $13.25 cash, and 813,95 for April. Meats wero more active, and a shade firmer, at 6j@d}o for shoylders, 93@ Sfo for short ribs, and 9J@10o for short clears, Dressed hogs were loss active and ensier, closing at %7.60@9.10 per 100 iba, Highwines were active and firm at $1.09 per gallon, Flour was quiet and frm, Wheat was rather slow, ond 4o lower, closing at 85fo @as Xissob, ond'870 for April, Corn’ was quiet and 4c lower, closing st G3{¢ for March, and 70$c for May, Onts wero quiet and ensier, closing at 2}o for April. Ryo was quiet and steady at 97@NT{e. Rarlay was quiet and firm, closing at $1.06 for March, and &1.03 for April, Hogs were quiet, and closed weak at 10@1ée decline, Cattle and sheep were dull, Tho Opposition in the IWinois Honse hind fA narraw escape yesterday, A motion waa mada to table the bill for the repeal of the Rogistry law, which ia a atauding menaco to Demoeratic majorities, and tho attempt to thus disposo of tho bill, so thnt nothing short of a two-thirds vote could call it up for action, well-nigh ancceeded, as tho Repub- licans wero nearly all in their seats, and had a temporary majority pending tho arrival of tho over-Sunday laggards of the other side, Nothing but a resort to the most reckless and desperate filibustering on the part of Speaker Hanns and Mennirr averted tha fearful catastropho to the clec- tion prospects of tho Opposition, Warnes took the floor, and, for the purposo of delay- ing o vote until Mrrnirr could drum up enough Egyptian stragglers to force nn nd- journment and save the day, resorted ton suceession of filibustering and time-killing oxpedients, raising points of order too shal- low for even Praten to be guilty of, ‘Tho disreputablo tactics were successful, and the Opposition still have it in their power to ro- peal the Registry law, and thereby take away the only protection against fraudulent voting and ballot-box stuffiug. Jt was a brillinnt achievement, a masterly stroke—in_ short, another slico of Haines. TRE CIVIL-RIGHTS LAW. Tho act of Cougress known as the Civil- Tightsbill passed without a serious struggle in the Senate. When tho timo came te vote, the Democrats contented themselvos with a sileut negative vote. ‘Tho act is one concerning whose constitutionality and expediency there ia n wide difference of opinion, It re- cites its object in the following preamble, taken from the Democratic platform of 1 It is essential to just government that wo recognize tho equality of all mon before tho law, and hold that suis the duty of government in ita dealings with peo- ple to meto out equal and exact justice to all, of what- ever nativity, race, color, or persuasion, religious or political, The principle of tho law is essentially Democratic. Itis universally recognized o8 equally applicable to all white persons as well ascolored ; the only question is, Can it be tegal- ly extended to persons of African and Asiatic Dirth or race? The law is not ono upon which political parties will divide, as upon a national issua; except, perhaps, in a few localities or districts, there will be no elec- tions determined as to the repenl or non-re- peal of the act. It isp question which all parties will gladly submit to the courts for their decision, and in that decision all parties will acquiesco. Tho law provides that all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall be entitled of right to admission to all hotels, inns, restaurants, stage-conches, rnilrond-care, steambonts, theatres and other places of amusement, upon terms of full oquality with all others; and that any person excluding any such person because of his color, race, or provious conilition of servitude, shall be fined from 2600 to $1,000, or imprisoned from thirty days to one year for ench offense; or may be sued by the party go excluded in an action of debt for 2500, Jurisdiction of all actions arising under this law is confarred ex- elusively upon the United States Courts. It also provides that no citizen otherwise quali- fied by Jaw shall be disqualified for service as a Grand or Petit Juror in any State on ac- count of his race or color. Whon the bill was before the Sonate, Mr. Canrrnten made os very strong argument to establish that the Inw was unconstitutional. Ne pointed out that thera was a clearly de- fined distinction between tho rights and duties of a citizen of the United States and of the same person asf citizen of o State. ‘This distinction was recognized by tho courts. Congress, under ita power to regu. Inte commerce between the States, might possibly have authority to say that a person, while on journcys from one Stnto to others, should be entitled to accommodation in tho inns in the several States through which ho may pass, and, upon the assumption that a cheerful inind is favorable to entorpriso, it might be required that he should be sdmit- ted to thontres ; but these would seem to bo rather fantastic ‘regulations of com- merce.” But the bill is not con- fined to persons ongngod in commerce, but applies to atl persons, The authority for the bill rests upon the Fourteenth Amond- ment, Mr. Canrentrn oxamined the provis- ions of that amendmout, and declared his in- ability to find in them any warrant for the enactment of such a law as this. Tho only clause in that amendinent having any remote bearing on this bill is that which, declaring that ‘all persons born or naturalized in tho United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States, and of tho Stato wheroin thoy reside,” enacts that no Stato shall make or enforco any law which shall abridgo the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States. The amend. mont contains no prohibition of tho authori- ty to abridge tho rights which aro held as citizens of the State, The Suprome Court had held that such s distinction existed. Tho Court hnd recently sald ; ¥f, then, there ie a difference between the privileges anil finmunitica belonging to w citizen of the United Staten a8 wuch, mud thore belonging lw the citizen of the Stato as such, thu latter must reat for thelr authors ity and protection where they have heretofure rested, for they are not umbraced by this paragraph of the amondment, Tho Court also esy that, with a fow exceptions,—auch, for instauico, as tha probibition againet ex post fucto laws, Lills of attainder, and lowe fuupalring the obligetions of contracts,—the entire do= mazlu of the privileges snd immuniiles of citizens of tho Btetes, a8 alove defued, lea within tho constitue {onal and legivlative powerw of the Atates, and with~ out that of (uo Federal Govornment; aud the Court hold that the Fourteenth Amendinent makes no alter ation in this particular, Aro the tights givon by this law Stato or Federal? “von treating the Jaw as a com- mercial regulation, it cannot upply to tray- elers from ono point to another within o State, Thero is no question that Congress may provide who shall be eligiblo to sit on juries in tho United States Courts, but this bill provides that any citizen of the United States may sit on juries in tho State cours, In a recont case the Supreme Court decided that tho right to practice in the courts of a Stato is not a right pertaining under the Fourteenth Amendment to a citizen of the United States, but rests on citizenship of the State. If Congress cannot grant the right to n citizen of tho United States to practice in Stato courts, upon what groand cau it bo elaimed that it can grant the right to elt on Juries? If the right to sit on juries per- taiued to any citizen of the United States ay auch, then any citizon residing in any other State might claim the right to sit ag q juror in Moasachusctts, If Congress can provide who shall sit on jurice in Stato courts, prima facie fair Pors and damago to trado, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, MARCII 9, and thus provide who may participate in tho ndministration of justice, why mny not Congrens estnbliatt who shall make the laws and who shall constrite them? In proposing the Fifteenth Amendment, which seonres to overy citizon tho right to vote, tho right to hold office was purposely excluded. It is ad- mitted that a Stato cannot interfere with tho exercias of the functions of tho Fedoral Gov- ernment by taxing tho officers of the United States, and on tho samo principle the Su- premo Court has decided that Congress can- not tax tho salary of the judicint aud other oficers of the State. ‘Tho right to hold office and to participate in the making of the lnwa, in their construction and administration in a State, nre rights attaching because of citi- zenship of tho State, and are confined to citi- zens of such State, and cannot be made co- extonsive with citizenship in the United States, Assuming, therefore, that all the rights granted by this bill pertained exclusively to citizenship of the States, and not to citizen. ship of the United States, Mr. Canrenten was of tho opinion that all its provisions wero unconstitutional. On the other hand, the constitutionality of the bill was ably de- fended by Mr. Epsuxps, of Vermont. ‘This gentloman pot aside all question as toa dis. tinction between the rights portaining to cit- izenship of a Stato and thoso pertaining to citizenship of tho United States. Hoe insistod that the sole purpose of tho bill was to pro- tect the people of the United Statos against discriminations founded exclusively upon color, Whether the man was a citizon of tho United States or n citizen of a State, this bill conferred upon and protected him in all the rights which may be elnimed by any other person under the same cirenmstances. ‘his law conferrod no rights save that of enuality with .othors, Where a white man cannot Velaim a privilege or right. this bill grants nothing to the negro, but whero one citizen or class of citizans of a State or of the United States may enjoy privileges, comforts, and conveniences as n matter of right, it ox- tended that enjoyment to all other citizens on an equality, ‘This is the legal argument upon both sides ns to the constitutionatity of the Inw, ‘There will be no lack of cases arising under it to bring the subject to the arbitrament of the courts, Thera tho Jaw will receive its con- firmation if constitutional, or its quictus if the Court think otherwise, ‘THE ILLINOIS RAILROAD LAW. We invite attention to a letter from De- eatur, published in this morning's Trinvne, in which are prosented various instances of the glaring inconsistoncies of the tarifis of railroad rates established by the Board of Hail- road Conunissioners of this Stata, The law of Mlinois authorizes and directs the Com- missioners to establish a schedule of mnxi- mum rates of freight for cack road doing business in Illinois, The Commissioners havo done this, and the Inw declares that tho yates thus stablished shall bo copted by all courts and juries os and ressonable. The law provides, further, that the roads shall be classified according to their gross earnings, aud our correspondent presents the result of these schedule rates to and from Decatur, Springfleld, Peoria, Chicago, and soveral other points, In soveral instances, tho shortest routes are allowed the highest ratea, but in the comparison of the rates al- lowed tho various roads from competing points the most remarkable inconsistencies occur, ‘The effects of tha Inwis ta destroy competition, by fixing the maximum rates of ono rond much less than on cithor of the competing routes; if the competing routes reduce their rates to those allowed to the favored ronte, then the same ronds must make « corresponding reduction in their rates for the wholo length of their Uncs These roads cannot do this, and the Commis. sioners concede that they cannot do ao with. out loss, go that the effect of the Stnto schedules is to destroy competition, Thus between Chicago and Decatur there sro no less than nine routes. The Commissioners have scheduled eight of them out of all com- petition. The Chicago & Alton, by a com- bination with tho I, B, & W. Rond, transports a car of lumber from Chicago to Decatur for $38,650, » distance of 234 miles, ‘The rate established for tho Illinois Central tia Clinton, 169 miles, is $53,565; by tho anmo road via Tolono, 174 miles, $42.84; tia Gilmsn and El Paso, 195 miles, $57.15, Tho table showing theso inequalities, so fatal to competition, may bo rend with profit by the Neilrond Commissioners and members of the Legislature, - Tho object of the rnilroad logislation was to prevent extortion and onconrago compe- tition, That was what was demanded by ne public sentiment, The law has boen amend- ed soveral times as exporicnce has shown its defects, It is possible that it may be furthor amendod 80 as to better accomplish its orig- inal purpose by removing tho rostrictlons and absolute provontivos upon competition. ‘The principlo of equal-inileage rates has been gon- erally abandoned og unsound and unjust; it is retained by the Illinois law in certain cases without tho least practical benefit to any person, but to tho coufusion of ship- It might well be abolished. It was supposed to bo a sovorolgn romody for unjust discritniuations, but prac- tically, while it has advanced tho rates to all places, it has refused them to nono, While various placos having small trailo huyo forced an advance in rates to other points, thoy have derived no advantage from it themselves, thongh this feature of tho law wow desiguod for their oxpress reliof, But our correspondent makes g suggestion having a bearing upon tho expodiency of any such law ot all, fo intimates that the Com- missionors find it impracticable to enforce tho law, and thot really the railroads adhero to or are governed by the schadulo rates to a very small oxtent, How far this is true wo have no knowledgo; but as the Com- missioners bring uo suits unless complaints are innde to thom, the fact that but few suits are brought is evidence only that there is very little complaint, and that, despite tho Jaw, thoso having oocasion to ship or receive goods by the railroads aud the railroad com. panies aro ablo to managa tholr affairs satia. factorily to themselves, We think the facts stated in this letter are suflcient to induce the Legislature to consider tho justice of amending the law very matorially, Novada is the only Stato in the Union which has legally authorized public gambling institutions. ‘I'he system there has beon of late yonrs to issue regular loonsos for all kinds of gambling, with tho siuglo exception, we believe, of keno, which bas been consid- ered too insidious and fascinating a game for tho public good. Au attompt was made this year by tho respectablo peoplo of the State to get a bill through the Legislature ropeal- ing the Liconse act, But the gamblers wore warned in time, aud a power ful lobby was organized to defeat the bill, Tho effort was successful, It is charged that large sums of money were spent for this purpose, and one member of the Legislature has been mentioned by namo as having recoived $1,500. ‘The action of the Logislaturo oxcited so much indignation among the peoplo that a compromiso bill was afterwards introduced aud passed. This measure still recognizes gatubling institutions na legitimate, but it provides for a largo in. ercase of licenso fees ari heavy pounities for violation of tho Inw. ‘The San Trancixco Chroniele regards tho bill as ‘tho beginning of 8 movement which will surely end in the abolition of tho license systom by tho noxt Legislature.” rd THE ELECTION IN NEW HAMPSHIRE, ‘Tho people of New {ampshiro will to-day elocta Governor, Stato oficers, a Legislature, aud threo Congressmen. ‘Tho canvass las boen animated and thorough, especiaily on the Democratio side. The manngers of that party seem to have realized early tho danger they wero in of losing tho power they gained last year, and they were accordingly tho first to call in assistance from outside. Ant pngw Jounson was most in request, for {t was bolicved that his double-record as a former Union man and a recent Domocrat would givo weight to his utterances and fix many wavering votors to tho Democratic side, But he refused to toko part in the canvass, is placo has since been supplied by two prominent Confederate Con- gresamen,—reckoned as the best taliers on that side in Congress,—L. Q. C, Laman, of Mississippi, the oulogist of Senator Suusrn, and Senator Joun B. Gonoox, of Georgia. ‘Tho Republican speakers of note have been Congressmen Hare and Inve, of Maine ; and the colored mau Kren Dovonass, All thoso spenkors, with the possible exception of Mr, Hatz, take as naturally to a discussion of the Southern question as a duck docs to wator, Fare was 4 membor of the Louisiana Investigating Committes ; Fann Dovonass is the self-appointed champion of the colored raco; ond Lawan aud Gonpow roprosont the Southorn chivalry, ‘The Southern question is thus mnde one of the main isaues of the canvass, A Repnblican victory in Now Hampshiro to-day, though, is barely possible, and should not be too confidently expected. The Re- publicans of that State have to contond this year with peculiar and dishoartening cir- cumstances. First of all, thore is the Pro. hibition movemout, which counts on gaining ground in New Hampshire in proportion as it loses eleowhere. Tho votes for Governor in tho last four clections were as follows : Reoub, Dem. Prohth, n92 4,700 EL 32k WIG ATH Ss = 4010 BEOSL VB4I 35,570 It will bo seen by this exhibit that the de- fection of Prohibitionists from tho Republi- ean party gavo the State to the Democrats Inst yoar. There is good ronson to antici. pate a still Inrger Prohibition vote this year. ‘Tho candidate of that party for Governor is Nataano Wart, who for many years has beon a prominent Republicav, and whose ob- ject in joining the Prohibitionists was toforco anomination from his old party associates, The Ropublicans, however, either Locause thoy wora unwilling to establish a bad prece. dent, or because they wished to punish Wurre's treachery, ignored tho action of the Prohibition Convention, and nominated Pen- son O, Cneney for Governor, The Republicans have also thia year the disadvantage which naturally falls to tho share of the undor dog ina fight. Last year Weston received a plurality vote, aud was elected Governor by the Democratic Leginla- ture, The first business of tho now Admin- istration was to turn ont all the Republicans in office, many of whom had held for sixteen yeara, aud to fill their placoa with active, zoaloas Democrats. A now judicial system was invented for tho purposo of ousting Ie- publican Judges; the State was gerryman- dored; tho City of Manchester was rodistrict- ed; collego-students woro disfranchised ; ignorance and vice protected ; and ovorything was done that possibly could bo dovised with a viow to fastening tho hold that the party had accidontally acquired on tha State Gov- ernmeut. The Domocrats now in office, it is ensy to understand, aro working for the suc. cosa of their party this year as thoy nover worked bofore. Having onco touched the ofllees, they ara most unwilling to bo do- prived of them. Notwithstanding tho gerrymandering of districts, the prohibition defection, and tho extraordinary efforts of tho Democrats, tho Republican press throughout New England looks forward‘ to the result, if not confident- ly, at lenst hopefully, and with perfect as- surance that the Stato of New Hampshire, at the worst, will not euduro Democratie rulo longer than another year. LUNATIC LEGISLATION, The “Reformers” down at Springficld seom bent upon keoping up—or down—thoir reputation as the worst House of Representa- tives known in Illinois history, We expoxad Inst Sunday the preposterous bill which Bpeaker Hatnea has introduced. This bill proposes to shut out of Ilinols every insur. ance company chartered by any State which declines to allow any kind of an Illinois com- pany to do buainows within its Hmite, In other words, it proposes to punish any State which declines to let the Tlinois Logislatura pass lows for it, Our Solons hava not yot shown themselves fit to legislate for one State, so that thoir sttompt to do so for all jg somowhat preposterous, If tho Spook. or’s bill becamo a law, it would probably drive out of Miinols nearly every foroign in- surance company, inasinuch as our laws per sult the organization of compatics on a plan which ia not considered safe in many other States, and these compantes are therefore ox- eluded ftom those States. Residonts of this city who tried tq realizo on tholr homo poli- cios after the great fire will not contemplate the enforced withdrawal of tho foreign com. panica with equanimity. Their doparturo would be the signal for tho foroclosuro of mortgages given as security for thelr loans, ‘fhe amount of available capital would thus bo sorfously diminished, and tho prosperity of the State would be chocked. ‘i'heso results might ploase the legislative idiots who want to tax the borrowers of foreign capital 3 per cont, in addition to a tax on the investment itwelf, bat no one elso can onjoy the prospect, ‘This piece of folly, however, is not tho only insurance legislation before the House, Mr, Branson has apparently tried to out- Herod Haines, Houso Bill No. 100, intro- duced py him, provides that no misrepro- sentation mado in getting a policy of lifo- iusurance shall render the contract void, un- Jess a jury shall decide that’ the: misropro- sentation was willful, or that the matter mis. sopresonted actually caused tho death of the iusurod! This departure from the wise doc. trine that fraud vitiates contracta is tho loast 1875. objectionable part of the bill, The second tection provides that, oven when a jury shiatl havo thus declared the policy void, the com. pany must still pay back all tho premiums, with G per cent interest on each. If a thief should fraudulently insure a dying man, this bill would insure hin, first, the return of all the money he pays in pre- miuma, with interest, and, second, the chanco of getting tho full amount of insurance, with no risk to himself. This is probably tho first hill ovor introduced into an American Leyis- lature which provided that a rogno should be guaranteed the return, with interest, of every- thing his roguery costs him, Tt offers a big prize for rascality, and soothes tho feolings of tho unsuecessful rascal by promising him a profitable investment, oven if ho is detected in his crime. It 1a impossible that theso bills should auc. eced, now that their real charactor is known, Even a “Reform” Legislature must roject them, AN OPENING FOR CAPITAL, ‘There isn happy chance now for the Investment of capital, The Jecms River Canal, projected by the Father of his Country, Gzonax Waattrxoron, wien he was 8 Httlo boy, has been practically abandoned by Congress, Tho gencrat and charming idea of the en- terpriso is to connect the head-waters of the Kanawha and tho Jeeme, Tnere will be a few miltiona required for slack-wator dama and that sort of thing, but the main matter ia the canal-boat tunnel ouly Y milea long. —Cinernnatd Commercial, If there shall be moro private capital than cnn find inveatmont in the James & Kanawha Canal, begun by Gronaz Wasurxaton, there isachsnco offored in the Tennessee, Georgin, and Alabama route, which (seo spocches in Congress) never freezes, Here ia a chance that in somo respects far exceeds that offered by the James & Kanawha route. Congress ‘was called upon to expentt some hundred and fifty to two hundred millions of dollars to ‘assist Nature;” that is, Naturo had provided theso two highways—wator routes —by which the teeming crops of the Gran- gers. of the Grent West were to bo borne from the flolds to the markets of the world, at (according to a St. Louis member of Con- gress) 120 per cont less cost than by any other mode of conveyance, But the nat- ural highways hava grown short of water, and the little water in them will not run up the mountains, but persists in running down hilt, All Congress was asked to do was to remove the mountains out of the way, and thus remedy the defect in tho work of Na- turo, and Congress refused to do it, 'Tho great wheat and corn growing region of the future is to be the plains west of the Mississippi, stretching from tho lino of Brit- ish America down to the plains of Now Mex- ico and Texas, By tho time these two water- routes can be completed sothatcanal-bosts can Jeayo daily from Fort Benton for Liverpool tia the James & Kanawha, or the Tennesseo, Chattanooga, Savannah, or Mobile routes, the ngricultural products of thecountry will be at least a thousand-fold gronter than at pres- ent (sce reports of Select Committee),. and tho business of builling canal-boats will havo increased to an unprecedented degree, and tho transportation of these products will give employment to many millions of mon, with- ont distinction of color or race, or provious condition of servitude, From the fore-top yard-arm of each of those eanal-bonts will fly the flag of tho American Union, roplacing upon tho high sens the flng torn down by tho ropeal of tho Krxa-Sonuataxen subsidy to the Pacific Mnil. he men who invest their capital in adapting thesa two great water- courses to the transit of canal-Loats, and opening to the interior of the continent an outlet for the products of millions of labor yot unborn (sco debates in Mongo), will have the proud satisfaction of claiming that they had made living in America possiblo by es- tablishing a water-ronte below the freezing- lino, (Sco roports of Engineers and Old Probabilition). Next to the Louisville Lot tery, thero has been no such chanco for in- vestment offered for many a day. Think of it—two water-routes by either of which a lond of corn, or onts, or whent, may be mov- ed from Omaha to Savannah, Ga., Mobile, Aln., or Richmond, Va., in 117 days from the time of shipment! It is an annihilation of distanca too grand to be comprehended all at once, Unless capitalists aro proparod to holiove that figures will lie, how can thoy disregard the stunning figures of the St. Lonis Donrd of ‘Trade as to the amount of grain and other farm products that would go down the Mis- aissippt River and up the Ohio and Kanawha, and up tho Tennenseo, and thenco over tho mountains to feod the civilized and unciv- ilized people who inbabit tha other parts of the globo? To move these products by way of Chicago is expensive, and tho ablost statis- ticlans have demonstrated—and thoso dem- onstrations have been read in Congress—that tho saving in tolls for moving theso products by these natural water-routes over tho monntning will exceed 100, and may reach 200, per cont! Can private capital resist the temptation? Congress hos thrown away the golden opportunity, Who will be tho for- tunate and sngacions person to scouro it for himself? Thero’s millions in it.. : en Mr, Cantey Hast, who haa been some weoke at Washington, has returned and is writing stunning editorials to prove that the Domocratio leaders in Congress wero really and heartily opposed to allowing the Repub- licans to pass the Forca bill, Ouantey in. sists that tho Democrats did not want the cap. ital which tho passage of that bill would give thom in tho elections of thisand noxt yoar, ‘ho facts are, thatin the Honso the Democrats, instend of resorting to filibuatering, which thoy might havo done, sat atill in thoir sents, refusing to vote, and theroby insisting that tho Republicans should call in enough of their whole number and put their party on ithe rec. ord in favor of tho bill, When three-fourths of the Republicans were thus compelled to coine into the House and vote, the Domocrata mado no further opposition; the speeches delivered against tho bill wore by Repub. licans, tho Democrats satisfying themselves with a recorded vote against tho bill, In the Sonate, tho Domocrats made no op- position to the bill further than to require that its succossive readings should bo on different days; but boyond this they mado ho opposition to the consideration of tho bill, When the Senate met at 10a. m., March 8, there were 26 hours left in which tho bill could be forced to 4 vote, but during that whole timo the Republicans, with their two. thirds majority, never moved to take up the Dill, ‘They understood the tactics of tho Democrntio party much better than did Cran. tex Tas, and they would not oblige the Domocratia party by taking up tho bill and passing it. Tho suspension of the fabeas coryus, the military subversion of State Gov- erumonts, holding the oleotion for President uudor martial law, were items of political capital strongly aud longingly desired by the Democrats, but cruelly withheld from thom by the good senso of the Republican Senate. Foran old woathor-beaten veteran politiclan -of ronewed confidence is to bo found in tho liko Ila, who has dovoted his wholo life to the study of the tricks of parties, to nTect an ignoranca of the Democratic desire that the Republicans shoutd pass that bill, in the slang of tho day, “lacks thickness,” TNE SPRING TRADE, It seems to bo safe at Inst to predict na gon- inl breal-up in tha congented condition of things which an unprecedentedty long winter hans brought us, von the resources of “ Old Probabilities” for falling thermometers ap- penr to bo exhausted. There is ovory renson- able probability for n readjustmont of tho Reasons, with a fair chanco for spring; and with spring we may anticipate a revival of trade, considerably in adyanco of anything wo have had since the panic, ‘The tong and trying wintor senson is a sort of meteorolog- ieal counterpart of the commercial panio which preceded 3t by somo months, Bual- ness circles wero ina fair way to recover from tho distress of the monetary crists when the weather stringency camo on, and everything. material closed up ai of- fectually ns the banka of the fall of 1873. The: reliof from the weather panic of ‘Tt promises to bo moro prononueed and punetital than the relief from the money panic of ‘73. We may now oxpoct a kind of general revival from all sorts of depression, — arenction that will cover bad wonther, and shrinkage of values, and loss of confidence, ond general physical, mental, commercial, and social demoratization. As the home peo- plo who havo been frozon up and kept in- doors for months greet tho spring sunlight with bnoyant gladness, nud crowd tho sloppy sidowalks with a reckless indifforenco to tho slush, so the business peopleSwill reach out after thoir long and enforced rest with now zost and reinforced enorgics. Thus we may predict n double reaction,—one from tho com- mercial crisis, and anothor from the weather panic. Perhaps tho most striking illustration of tho revival in trade may be found in the sud- den and striking increaso of advertising which might lave been noticed in the last Sunday issue of Toe Trmonr, and which may bo regarded as a good thermomoter of business feeling or a preliminary announce. nent of batter things to como, It was tho first formal declaration of the business com. munity that the dull times aro beginning to ba over,—a sort of rainbow to herald the passing away of the storm, Contomporane- ously with this sign comes intolligence from other citics of the same hopeful feelings. ‘the Now York jobbers and wholesale merchants and mannfacturors aro reported as anticipating and preparing for 1 larger business than usual, extend- ing to dry-goods, carpets, furnituro, breadstuffs, pork, and produce of all kinds, It is generally regarded as a healthy sign that the spoculators, scorched or warned by tho experionco of eighteen months sgo, have generally drawn out and left the important branches of trade to the houses regularly or- ganized to deal with them and doing their business on a sound and substantinl basis, This is the reason why the feoling of uncor- tainty and apprehension has disappeared, and a very wide-spread confidence has taken its place, ‘The history of panies fully justified tho enthusiastic predictions that are now mndo on all sides as to a goneral revival of business this spring. It required about cighteen months after tho panic of 1857 to touch bottom, reach ‘hard pan,” and settle and adjust losses go a3 to sot commercial affairs in process of revival. It was necossary thon as it has beon recently to give the real estato and other spoculators an opportunity for saving what they could, making such sac- rifices ag were unavoidable, and going through the Clearing IIouso, so to speak. Tho bulk of this sort of businoss is over. Nearly all tho bellows that were fated to col- lapse, and alt the kites that wore dostined to fall, have collapsed and fallen, Some men havo bean obliged to give way altogether ; others have surrendered a part of their aup- posed but fictitious wealth, and saved a part. But pretty muck all the vacant places have been filled, nearly all the books have been balanced, settlomonts made and lossos en- tered up, and those who have not beon swept away entirely are in a condition to go ahead again ona new and sounder footing. The panic was the inovitable consequence of an inflated speculation and unnatural prosper- ity, growing out of the illusive profits of tho Civil War, when the destruction of property was actuntly mede to figure up an inerease of woalth by reason of tho false valuation put upon Governmental ond individuat cortifi- cates of indebtedness, Wo felt at one blow tho aceumulated disasters of several yoars; it is not unnatural that tho shock was asovero one, and the recovery slow, Ono of tho traatworthy signs of an usunl- ly rapid and strong rovival of business this spring is tho excellent condition of the formor-class, Tho last yony furnished a strong contrast with. the proceding. Tho war against the railronds bad its effect ing nnd a consequent increnso of prices for the producers, The exporionce of the year be- fore had also made a marked reduction in tho production of those articles, the supply of which had notably exceoded the demand. A natural consequence of these two circum. stances was an improvement in prices, tho great beneilt of which was enjoyed by the agricultural clasucs, and not by tho middlemen, ‘Tho farmors, therefore, fecl botter off this spring than they havo at any timo within two years, and tho prospoct foragood market and fair prices this year is a promising ono, Anothor sign gveater liberality of tho bankers and capital- ists with money to loan, For a year succocd- ing tho panio, the bankers preferred to keop their vaults dled with money rather than re- duce thofr ratea or accept anything but tho niost absolute security against loss, ‘Their experienco sinco the panic has shown them that thia polloy docs not pay, and thoy are now willing to unlock their safos and lend money for commorclal purposes in tho usual way and at lower rates. So, with tho cor. porations and individual capitalists who loan money on real estate, ample loans can be ob- tained of low rates and on reasonable com. misssious and security, All thia will con. tribute to the rollef of those who are still in distress, and to tho enlargement, progresa, and confidence of general business, ———— It may bo somewhat superfluous to ask questions of Mr, Puatce, the leader of the Egyptian Domocracy in the Honge of the Illinois Legislature, as he has hardly toached anything thus far in the session in which ho has not made himself ridioulous, but wo would like to ask him with reference to bis assertion that ‘great financial distress pro- vaila in consequence of the contraction of our. roncy, scarcity of money, otc,” when the ourrency was ‘contracted’? We would like yory general and importaut reduction in rates, ete | to ask him if he does not know that the Gow ernment and tho banks havo been issnig, millions more of money since tho Pane, Does ho not know that it is not “scarcity of moucy,” but scarcity of employment, Whick is causing distress? He eliould riso and ey, plain how he, acting under onth, can get ap in the legislative body of which he is n meg ber aud make such an obviously untrua state, ment, Mr, Poaten's legislative Proposition, thus far have been mainly of 1 jocoso nud silly ehnracter, Perhaps he intended Mis ‘contraction of currency” ng ‘Another Prarentan joke, Inense ho did, some one in tho Hon8e shomd inform him that ty jokes aro growing tediously stupid, Jt will not require much longer timo (g convince the people of the North how com, pletely they have beon bamboozled by thy Demoerntic party in tho recent electiong Tho adjournment of the Indiana Legistaturg without levying a Btnte tax, or jnaking any appropriation to enrry on tho State Gover, mont, furnish a ense in point. ‘Tha Dem, ernts wout into the canvass Inst fall, and ane. ceoded in gaining power by the promis, which thoy knew thoy could not carry ont, torun the State Government uponas iff tax, In tho closing week of the Legislature, the Ways and Mcaus Committee of the Demo, erntic Lower House, acting in accordancy with the promiso they had given, made a3 mill levy; but knowing that this wou bo insufiiciont, they inserted a pro. vision authorizing the Democratic Btay officers to raiso money by lonn at ‘ any raty of interest” nnd “for any purpose,” and adj the proceeds to the State debt. By this at. fal provision, they would thus avoid Dey larger than 6 mills, and at tho samo ting make some political enpital for 1876, Thy Republican Senate, however, punctured this piece of rasenlly demagogory by striking ax the provision giving,tho State officers powe to borrow money and increase tho State debs, and thus kept tho Domocratio tricksters ty their promise, Tho result will bo that at ty extra session which has been called they will be,compelled to establish a lovy sufficient t) run the Stato Government. Do the peopl of Indiana wont any more convincing prot of the trickory with which they havo bee fooled? What has takon place in Indiana iy on indication of what may bo oxpected cls. where, OBITUARY, MRS. MENRIETTA FIELD, Mra. Wenmerra Fietp, wifo of tho Rev, Tr, Henny MN. Fienp, the editor of the Now York Evangelist, died in New York on Saturday escx ing last. Dorn jn Paria, and a descendant of exs of its old, woaltny, aristocratic families, sho in horited al) the best traits of tho Trench char» ter, and by her association with tho leadi:g echolara and diviaca in England and Amara, and by constant, unromitting study, she Lil become one of tho most rematkeble women in thia or auy other country. By te lows of hor fathor and mother in ety life, she foll to the caro of hx grandfather, tho Baron Wxtrx Desrontes, th) gavo her tho best education ber native city could afford. Casting svido tho alluromeuta of s morely faxhionable life, Mra. Mizny becamoile teachor snd governess of tho only chitd of Sr Tuomas Histor, of England, now the Counted of dinto, This lady bas always retainol the warmost affection for her oarly friend, and daz ing Mra, Fievp’s last sickness hay oxprosecd (2 hor and her sfilictod husband tho daopoat sym pathy for her wolfaro. Iu the autumn of 1819 alo camo to this cao try, continning bravely her occupation as teachor till May, 1851, when elo merrlod ta Tov. H. M, Fruzp, and romoved with hiin to bis pastorate in Wort Springdeld, Masa. By bt juduutry and taste she soon mado tho paraotzse one of the most attractivo spots in the Cow necticnt Valley. Tho kind French lady be till sa affectionate remombranco among the older mombera of that parish.’ In 1954 D: Vigexp purchased one-half of the Now York Fax gelist, sud Lecamo its oditor, and aubeoqueatly it uole propriotor, From that timoshe became one of tho moat distinguished women in.Now York. In convorsation she was moat brilliant, ia {st unequaled. No ono occuptod s higher position amony its artietic and Iterary circles, Sorioof tho ablost articles on Fronch history and potitica that woro avor writton In thia country wera coz tributed to hor husband's paper by Mra, Fic, Ker arffitia attainments wero of # high oder. For throo years she was Principal of tho Fe.nils Art School at tho Coopor Union, till the frilue of her oyes obliged her to give it up, Thougu personally known to only a yary foro! our citizons, there are Home nmMong nA fo KL0.9 tho desth of Mrs. Prexp will be a aourg¢ of 4c? sorrow for many an hour. A fow years 350 Mri. Fsetp rovoived into hor own {ari fot young Indioa, then just gradnotod from way {> mafo somiuary at Luke Forout, Fora year sly woro undor the constant caro of thia model x02 an, Not only was thoir intelfoctual training curate and thorough, but everything that 2 contributo to preparo a woman for tho hfsbet and nobloat duties of lifo received tho carefulstudy and attention. Theao young laliet are now Alra, E, G, Mason, Mra, Heuy De Lroyp, Mrs. Ki Hawes, of this city, and Sirk Dr, Jounsox, of Paris.” With al nor culturo and attainmonts, Sir ‘Frety ens one of the most kind and courioos of bersox, Young artiste and Littoratenrs of real morit, {f poor and friondlesy, alwaya found in Mes. Fret a holpor anda friend, Nota fet will owo tholr success in fe to hor suggedtions and {nflaouco, ‘Those who know her best sill agreo that ybo filled moro fully than any clhet that most graphic and boautifal deacription of § truo, noble woinan in tho last chapter of aor orbs, ‘To somo it will slmoat sosm alt so lund horsolf ant for tho portralt of the easel writer, Mru. Preep's lost sicknoes commenced nevi alx months ago ia hor couutry homo at Stick bridge. Her diseaso was en affection of (he stomach, which afterwards oxtended to the brain, For along timo sho had known thetit would ond fatally, Sho bora hor wufforings with tho calm trust of one whoae work was dono, th woll dono; and diod in tho firm aseurance ol wolcome to the right band of ber blossod Te dvemer, CANDINAL EARILI, Lavagntio Barut, a Cardinal of tho Order of Prieste, dlod yoaterday in Homa, Ho was a5 tive of Ancons, Italy, and wav born Doo, 1, hed Mia career aa » priest continued from tho dave Lils ordination up to March 13, whon be receite from Popo Piva IX, the appointment of Cue dial. Tho greatest nood of the Chicago Pablio Ue brary iu anew catatoguo—ono that aball givoits patrona easy accosa to tho books already 02 tbe shelves, No further expouditures for now should bo mado until this voed is supplied. Th? present catatogue seomy to Lave beon ingenlou ly contrived with a view to concealing the CR tentaof tho Library. Tho books aro classifi iu the most arbitrary manner, and thore if nelther a finding Hat by titles nor by authon The manifcat design of the compller was t0 group the books ss they were Pp ontho aholyes, Tho roault is mout ator tunate, We need only moution the fa! that the Taucuntrz edition and Boux® Ubraries sro Natod separately in order to show the fatal defocta of tho catalogue. Boas’ Nvrasies embraces books wo widoly diverse 19 chsracter as Loxoventow's poems, Gil Biss, 0 the complote works of Mangyat, Practos, 80 Bacon. A person seeking any ove of the adore works would bo, wo imagine, iudifferont a whether it belouged to Doua'a Unrary 5 whee