Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 13, 1875, Page 7

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: A TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF AUASCHIPTION (PATATLE IW ADVANCE). Poatage Prepald nt this Office, ‘To prevent delay and mistakes, be sure and gira Post. (Office address in full, ineluding Ktate and County, Tomlitenceamay ba made either by draft, express, Port Ofer ercer, or in registered letters, at our risk. ‘TERMS TO CITT BUDECRIBERS, Daily, delivered, Sunday excepted, 2B eents perwerk Daily, delivered, Bunday inctuded, 30 conta per peck Address THR TRIBUNE COMPANY, @erner Madison and Dearbor ‘Chicago, 1. ToD: USEMENTS. M'VIORER'S THRATRA—Madinon street, betraan harm and State, Es fairs. DB. Bowers Riemer, i ady atdiey Becrel.” breaing, Queei BIC—Hoelaied atragt, between Mads Aand Monroe, Atarnonny ** Graus alle.” Svoning, Benak of Blatedall and Dillon. ADELPHI THRATRE—Dearhorn atrect, corner Mon yoe. Vatioty ontertaiament. ‘' fhe Franch Spy." AL- ternooa and évonice. OPERA-NOUNE~Clark atrent, Rares Hotes ies a Laowe altnatssies Jack,” Afternoon and evoning. 10. MUSEUM—Monros street, hetween Dear. Oe ea Oty Van Winklees” ‘Atvernoon aud evening. VIB THEATRE—(taniotob atrest, batween olaed TaSatle, ‘Men of the Day." Afternoon and evening. ON MICK HAL th Clark street, corner Kins win Geneon by the as: oraarl Concert Loupe. ee nae atte juelo “SOCIETY MEETIN WM. WARREN LODGH, No. 2em, A. F&A, M aTegalar commaunteation this (Saturdsy) eventuy, Daleks ae Oriental Hall, 12) Lubalie-nt., for uuu ‘Visicors waloomed. M. R. DUNLOP, Seo'y. Ordor of Rastorn Star.— 0 earnently req} juaineas of frunge. tad, By ordor of dor of th By order of ' MIRIAM CHAPTER, Ni ‘Ths membars of this Char t ho peasant this (Saturday) ereniaw fanegen all sue members will be te the Wortty Matron, “BUSINESS NOTICES ‘WEITRAN ALL WR SAY.—FULL SPT Fer. Gum efunded, 2 fort, £8 Satisfaction of money refunded, Pilling, fet Ohad, @; ball the uaual rates, MOU! BURNATTR COCOAINT FOr THR FAM TAS qtonl tie teetof timo and competition, Ie bas extab- Tnsheit n ‘reputation for purlty and eificaoy in avery quar. terot tie world. For twenty years it has beon a (a with tb people and a leader with the trade, ‘Sho name Coccaine” lias becomes valuablo property. We have extablniiod our sole right to ite nae La sevornl atta at jaw, public and ourselves from impoaltion. SEVENTH PAGE-City and Suburban Real Petate, Wants, iy Rents, Flanaclal, ‘To fuachengs, Muslea!, oarcitug aud Le: ex, Sos SHUNT EAGE Uivond fine Sabie: Furee Pam, “UAV ENTH PAGE—Amasemente, New Pablications, Provosals, Cossn Stoamab ao, She Chivaga Tribune, Gaturday Morning, February 13,. 1676. Swoet Wiittast Ketxey thinks the new tax ‘bill $3 all wrong because it saya nothing about 8.65 convertible bonds. Sonstor Frermanvrsen, of the Pacific Railroad Committee, promises to report un- favorably on overy subsidy scheme that ahall came before it this session, It is positively stated in Washington that the President's message waa prepared without the knowledgo of any mombor of his Cabi- net, The statement is impertinent, and it does grent injustice, we feel certain, to Atty.- Gen, Wriuran The Lower Honso of the Wisconsin Legis- Isture bas passed a Dill for the purchase of 200 Wxnarrn’s Unabridged Dictionaries, to be furnished to members. Postage-stamps are no longer aceopted in liquidation of board-bills ; but dictionaries aro. Senntor Sxenman must hayo dampened the hupes of Mr, Tuomas Scorr, when ho said yesterday, on the presentation of tho Port- land, Dallas & Salt Lako Railroad-aid bill, that it was a subsidy measure, and for that Yoason not worth discussing, A Dublin newapaper says the Home-Rule members of the British Parliament will soon make a formal demand for the repeat of the act of union, ond, in cage it is refused, with- draw formally from their seats, That would be home-rulo indeed; nursory-rule, almost. Both Ranery and Davis have withdrawn from tho Senatorial canvass in Minnesota, and Republican members of tho Legislature Wave been left free to voto as thoy choose. Nobody can tell what tho result of to-day's ballot will bo. Se ‘Tho sale of Pacific Mail property in San Francisco at a ruinous snarifice to reprosenta- tives of the Central Pacific Railroad is com- tuonly understood to be part of a mutually profitoble arrangement between the two Com- panios for exclusive control of the Asiatic carrying trade by way of Amorica, Some mombers of the Lower House of Congres are olrondy feeling rich, in yiew of the new tax bill introduced by the Ways and Moons Committee, They think it is about time to begin ‘‘doveloping tho rosources of the country." So easy is it to advonco from 4 bill for increasing taxation to one granting asubsldy or a monopoly. ‘The proper explanation of tho late falling- of in customs receipts was offered in the Lower House of Congress yosterday by Mr. Exzas H, Rouenrs, He eaid tho cause of it ‘wos the practicing of economy by the people in consequonce of the panio, Since the peo ple aro practicing coonomy, why should not the Government do the saine, and in the aame degree? The Ways ond Means Committee having been called upon to explain why toa and coffee in store could not bo taxed os well o3 whisky, confessed itself stumped, and forth- with agreed to strike out the clause jn the new Revenue bill providing for a tax on spirits already manufactured. This is a clear coucession to the speculators, but it relievea the Committee from answering a very pain- fal question, The Cnbinet yosterday considered the Propositions of compromise recontly present- od to the Government by the Union Paciflo Railroad. No conclusion was roached 7. but it in anid the terma offered were entertained. If the Socrotary of the Treasury can secure ome further concessions, he will probably send the whole matter to Congress with a favorable recommendation, We are wurprised that tho transparent impudence of tho Com- Pany’s suggestion was uot perceived and con. domned by the Cubinet, ees The Chicago produce mar! were again irregular yesterday. Mess pork was more active and declined 71-2 per bri, closing at 618.85 cosh, and 616.45 for March. Lard ‘wasrelatively quict and 100 per 100 tba lowor, closing at @18,57 1-2@18.62 1-2 cash, and 918.65 for March, Mosta wore in aotive de. mand and aahade firmer, at 6 6-8@6 8.40 for abouldors, 9 5-8@0 8-4e for short ribs, and 10¢ for short clears, Dresued hogewere quiet end Arner, closing a) $7.00@8.10 per 100 tbs Highwines wore in fair domand and stendier, at $1.07 por gallon. Flour was quict and firm, Wheat was more active and 1-4@1-2¢ higher, closing at 84 3-4 cash, and 85 5-Sc for March, Corn was in better demand and ashade higher, closing at 62 7-S¢ cash, and 70 1-20 for May. Osta wera more active and 8-80 highor, clos- ing at 52 1-20 cash, nnd 62 5-80 for March, Ryo waa quict and firm, at 98@98 1-2c. Bar- ley was dull and 4¢ lower, closing at 31.05 for March, and $1.01 for April, Toga wero in good demand and sold 10a higher, closing at $6.30@7.40 for common to extra, Cattle and sheep were in moderate demand snd un- changed, ‘The bill for the constilution of » Senate was defeated by the French Assembly yoster- day, tho division being 315 for end 357 against. Tho effect of this vote onght to bo the dissolution of tho factious, irresponsible, aud ineendinry body which calla itself an Assembly, but which is in ronlity o flagrant ramp, ‘I'he Senate bill was dofeated becanse of its democratic tendencies, aud its conse. quent danger as 9 means of restoring the Bonapartists or the Commune to power, A gentleman of this city, a Republican, in- forms ws that he is personally acquainted with Mr, Jones, the Senntor-olect from Florida. He sums up the character of the new Senator thas: Mr. Joncs is of Irish (?) birth, and has lived a long timo in Pensacola; ho is about 45 years old; began lifo a3 a carpenter; iao man of unexcoptionable personal charac- ter, and of great natural ability. Me bas held the oflice of Judge of one of the local courts, and ig universally popular. He isa Democrat. Tho report put in circulation by the after. noon papers yesterday to theeficct that all the daily papers in the city have been indicted for publishing lottery advertisements must be received with somo allowance, No in- dictments have yot beon roturned, and thero is only speculation as to whether any have been found, Tue Trmonzia not afraid to stand a trial on this issue. If the other daily papers in the city can honestly any as much, they are more fortunate than we believe them to be, Soventy thousand men sro wanted, and must bo forthcoming, for the Spanish army. The Governmont proposes to send 15,000 of them to Cubs, and the remainder will be used against Cantos, How curiously it turns out that a linenl descendant of tho Bourbons is fighting the cause of freedom, though unintentiunally and in spite of him- self. If Cantos wore disposed of, and all the onergios of the Spanish Government bont upon tha suppression of the rebellion in Cubn, the patriots could not maintain them. selves half a year. ‘The new tax bill has along and hard road to travel bofore it can becomeanlaw. The Democrats in the House offer a solid opposi- tion, thongh some of them, rumor snys, voted for the bill in the Ways and Means Commit- teo. Ketauy also objects,—on unworthy grounds, to be sure; still, he objects, We depond upon some of the thoughtfal and in- dependent Republican mombers to finish the bill out of hand. A mnall number will bo sufficient for the purpose. Every Republican who votes against the bill in its present shape will deserve the gratitude of his party and the rospact of his countrymen. Wo invite attention to the passage in our Springfield dispatches this morning relating to the Copperas Oreck Dam. The House Ap- propriation Committeo, it seems, has agreed to report favorably the bill appropriating tho net earnings of the canal ond $70,000 out of the ‘Treasury forthe completion of thodam and tho lock at Henry. Tho minority of the Committee opposes the report, and gives its roasons for so doing in a atatemont which ecoms to us to be unanswerable, The objec- tions, in substance, aro: that tho appropria- tion would be unconstitutional; that it would be unjust; that it would be contrary to pub- lic policy, if for no other reason, because the people are now suffering from the effects of a great financial panic. Every one of these objections is valid. The memorial of the opponents of Dr, Dr Koven to tho Standing Committees of the Church is printed elsowhero in this issne, It begins with a golomn statement of the ro. sponsibility of the Committees, ond thoir duty to reject any candidate for consecration who may appear to be unworthy. Three reasons ore given for holding Dr, Dz Koven unworthy: (1) Because ho is justly linblo to evil report for errors in religion; (2) because his consecration would be disastrous to the Church; (3) because he wos not elected. The last reason, if it can bo established as sound, ought to hold after the others have beon awopt away. The names affixed to the momorial are not given, os it has not yet beon generally circulated. Con. aidored morely ag a piece of literary work, it ig creditable to ita authors, Quite « graceful act, but one which may bo condemned as contrary to a sound publio policy, was the passage of a rosolution in the Nobraska Legislature yestorday ordering all proceedings in connection with the impeach- ment aud deposition of ex-Gov. Davrp Bur- Len to bo expunged from the State records and archives, Gov, Burien was impeached at the beginning of his second term in 1871. Ho was charged with having misappropriated certain funds, After his romoyal from ofica he paid back avery dollar of the money which ho was said to have retained unlawfully, and it has since been shown that tho accusations ogninet him, whether just or not, were not fairly austainod. The proper way to make amends is not, how- ever, by falsifying the records. An exculpa- tory resolution would answer the purpose of vindicating the Governor. ‘Wo trust that tho action of the Senato Re- publican caucus, which waa slimly attended, in voting to place the House bills for the ad- mission of New Mexico and Colorado on tho calondar, docs not moan that tho billa will pasa at this session, Thoy ehould not, No reason has beon given for this wholesale Btate-manufacturo, and we bolieve no tenable reason can be, Both these Territorica have not together the population of one Con- gressional District in Ilinois or Iowa, If thoy are to havo four Sonators, Cook County should have about a dozen. ‘Their admission would not be go inoxonsablo if thera were suy chance of their ever being thickly peopled in the fnture, But there is no such chance, Ooloradocan support only a fringeot people east of the Rooky Mountains and afew thousand persons in tho “Parks” west and southwest of Denver, Now Mexico has but & few osacs omid its volcanic deserts, The two together will probsbly never have one. fourth as wuch population as Missouri, tis grouu injuatiee to give them four Senators to offest Illinois and Ohio. Gen. Hauxw saya that the wholo American population of Now Mexico, loss the army, its hangers-on, and transient miners, could ‘sit in the shade of a good-sized apple-tres.” The two Torritories would both be ‘rotten boroughs,” roled by a plutocracy as Nevada is. The man who owned tha biggest bonanza” would be San- ator, They wonld both sink helplessly fato debt by issuing State snd local bonds, Toat Scorr would gobbla endless millions from New Mexico, and would probably misrepre- sent it in the Sonate. Neither of them can at present afford to support a State Govern- ment, The inovitable heavy taxation would tend to koep capital away from both of thom. If the Sonate has any partisan notions on the snbject, it should remember that the Sen- ators to be elected would pratty certainly be Demoorats, The action of the Senate at Springfleld in passing the bill appropriating $50,000 for tho completion of the Dovenas monument we presume will hardly moet with any unfavor- able criticism from the public at large, and, asthe Hongo will undoubtedly confirm the action of the Senate by a large majority, wo may nastime that at last the monument will be completed. Although, a8 4 rulo, it ia un- wise to appropriate the public moneys for sich purposes, the case of the Dovatas monument seems to bo one in which an exception might bo properly msce, The monumont has stood unfinished for years for the want of private nid to completo it, and there was no possibility that it would have ro- mained in any other condition for all timo if private contributions were expected to finish it. Mr. Dovaxas, like Mr. Lincorn, was pe- culiarly identified with the State of Llinois, and reflected honor upon it, Mr. Lmcorn's monumont at Springfield is completed, and it is now a graceful act on the part of the Leg- islature to placo the Dovoras monument in the same condition, and do away with the unsightly stump which is all that now exists to commemorate his services for Illinois, A FALSE PRETEXT. Mr. Dawes, in his speech defending the bill imposing an immense and unwelcomo in- crease of taxes, was guilty of saveral sugges- tions that wore true and some omissions of foct, thus rendering his statement unworthy of the occasion and of his own position. Io quoted the law by which the Governmont at tho beginning of tho War provided that gum in coin equal to 1 per cent of the public debt shonld bo annually put into a sinking fand for tho retirement of tho principal af tho debt, There was no such payment into the sinking fund until 1869, sinco which time there have been purchased for that pur- pose bonds to the amount of $141,012,050, and in addition thereto there have been purchased other bonds to the amount of $182,241,750. ‘The expenditures of the last year left but a surplus revenus af threa millions of dollars, and no payment into the sinking fund was made. ‘Tho pretext for tho increase of taxes is, that the Governmont must have thirty-four millions of dollars revenuo to poy this 1 por cent into the sinking fond and to pay the interest on tho various purchases since 1869, The fact that since 1869 the United States have purchased $182,000,000 of bonds in excess of the sum required for the sinking fund is met by Mr. Dawes with tho assertion that, had the pur- chases for the sinking fund been made from the beginning, in 1802, they would now amonnt to $417,566,056, leaving a deficit in the sinking fund of $300,000,000, and that if against this the $382,000,000 of other bonds bo offyct, there will bo still a deficit of overa hundred millions of dollars, ‘This is little better than pettifogging. The amount of the public debt paid off and discharged between 1862 and 1874 is not represented alone by the purchase of tho bonds since 1869. On the lst of July, 1866, the public debt wns $2,773,236,174, @ large sum having previ- ously been paid. On the ist of July, 1874, the amount of the public dobt was $2,261,- 690,468, showing that in the eight years from 1806 to 1874 there had been pnid of tho prin- cipal of the public debt no lesa than $521,- 545,706, But the debt in 1874 includes $38,- 000,000, for which the Trensury bas cash off- set, Computing the payment into the sink- ing fund from 1862 to 1874 at Mr. Dawes’ own figures, $417,566,656, we havea pay- mont of over one hundred ond sixty millions in exceas of the requirements of the law. The figures may bo thus statod : Bonds purchased for sinking fai Other bonds purchased since 1 Other form of debt paid since 11 Total reduction of dobt aince 1866. Required for sluking fund, $241,029,050 + 182,247,750 287,051,006 Excess of payment..... Hero, then, is ono hun millions paid more than the sinking fund calls for, In the face of these notorious fects, Mr, Dawes haa the hardihood to eay, in extenuation of his schome of extra taxation, that the public credit has suffered because the sinking fund has not been keptup for the last year! The Governmont that can show 4 surplus of payment amounting to one hundred and gixty-three millions of dollors over and above the requirements of law can- not suffer in ita cradit by any suggestion that the sinking fund has not beon kept up. That suggestion that the national honor is involved in increasing the taxes to mect thia senti- mental payment is not warranted by tho faote, Mr, Dawxs made a pretense of fairness when ho gavo the statement of tho receipts and expenditures for the last five years, That atatoment was og follows : Ge Receinte, Expomtitures y nine months of the panic, and yet the revenue oxceeded the ex- penditures. The propriety of reducing ox- penditures was so evident that to get rid of it he hazarded the brazen statement that ‘he did not see when tho expenditures could ba out down subsiantially"! Had he said as a man in his position should have said, ‘We do not want to cut down tho extravagant ox- penditures in which we have been indulging during tho last five years,’ he would havetold the truth, aud dono himself honor and oredit. While the entire people of the United Stctes have beon compelled, in order to avoid insolvency, to reduce thelr expenditures to within their iucome, Mr. Dawes declares that the United States Govornmont cannot do so! Hocan fiud no room for reduction in the exponditure of $42,000,000 for an army of 26,000 men. Ho can find no room for re- duction in an expenditure of $30,000,- 000 for a navy of very Iittle ac, count, He cannot have the heart to abolish half-n-dozen useless novy-yards, No roon for rotrenchmont in public buildings, nor yiver and harbor improvementa, Be can find no room for reduction in tho expenditures of Congress, nor in the Departinents, nor in the cost of the collection of the revenue, nor in the hundreds of toms where the Publio SAVERS ‘EBRUARY 13, 1875.---TWELVE PAGES. Treasury i * plver te more profit of individual = A yne ueciared that for the Gover ertin + peree to borrow money or or.tse a te pug current ox- ponsts, wo 4st.’ is ement ‘ad the option to reduce. peadils x, woukl)e a ' national disgrace,” low, tt same staf aman, with the fullautho: ty ror cee the oy yenditures from $20,000,% to §44,000,.4), resorta to tho “disgrace ' cneasury of “a increase of taxes, not ieontingoncy, but to kee 4 expunitit +, the basis of flush timo = inAar'on ¢ xiated before the panic. ‘che pet « + job will ho dare extin porch teak tho Treasury will ho atc rob + proflig expenditure will ho rec Vat wis for. ore taxes, Mr, Dawes appealud t * » Ropublienn party to pass his tax Dill, on the ground that that party was “responsible for the legisla- dion of tho country, and responsiblo for maintaining the public faith, and responsible for furnishing the mema to carry on the Gov- ernmont during the next two years” 1 This is not truco, On thedth of March next, the Republican party will coase to bo responsible for the futuro legislation of the country; on that day tho responsibity for providing means for carrying on the Govern- ment and for maintaining the public credit will pass to the Democratio party, to whom the people Jast November transferred it, That Domocratic Houso will hold the purse and the sword; it can forco tho repeal of all Jaws, aud can force the passage of othors, It will be ablo to dictate what shall be tho policy of tho Government. It will bo responsible for not only tho laws it may enact, but for tho Jaws it does not repeal. Let that House havo the responsibility which will belong to it. For the present House to undertake to fore- stall legislation for the next two years, and by extravagant appropriations reduce the Treasury to on inability to mect its obli- gations, is only to provoke public indigna- tion, and to furnish tho adverso party with the very political capita! it longs for and needs In order to retain power, Tho Amorican people are willing to bear all the taxation absolutely needed for an honest and economical administration of the Govern. menf; bat when any party in Congress de- liberately, undor any pretext, levies extra taxos equal to fifty or sixty millions of dol- lars a year for no other purpose than to mect extravagant and unnecessary oxpenditures, under pretort of providing for o sinking fund two years ahead, then the people will not tolerate such shameless and oppressive legislation, but will, of necessity, turn to that party which will repeal such taxcs, re- peal and cut off such expenditures, and do something to bring the annual cost of this Government back to a standard of a time of peace ard of hard times. Tho responsibility for such remedial legislation will bo upon the mojority in the next House; and the Repub- licans who follow Mr. Dawes in his presont ill-advised scheme are but playing into the hands of that party, and giving to it the op- portunity of substituting economy for ox- travagance, and retrenchment for increased tazation, . THE ARKANSAS MATTER, The report of the House Committee on tho Arkansas caso was made by Judge Poranp and threo other members. That Committee reported that, whatever may hnve been the result of tho election in 1872, when tho Dem- ocratic ticket was ‘'counted out,” thore can be no quostion that the eleotion of 1874 was poaceful and orderly, and that the new Con- stitution and the present Stato Government was elected by avery Inrge majority of tho people of the State. Upon the presontation of this report, which is approved possibly by nine-touths of all those who have given the least attention to the question, the President has communicated to tha Senate a message in which ho says: 1 will vouturo to oxprees the optoion that all the tex- timony shows that, in the otection of 1872, Joazpa Dnooxs was Javtully elected Governor of that Stato; that he hau been unlawfully deprived of the porsosnion of hia office since that time; that in 1874 the Conetitu. tion of that Stato, by slolence, intimidation, and revo- lutionary proceedings, waa overthrow, a new Conatl~ tution adopted, and.» sow State Government estab- Ushod, ‘Lhese procoedings, if permitted to atand, practically ignore all righte of minorities in all the Btates, Also, what {a there to prevent each of the Btatea recently sduitod to Fedorat relations on cer- tain conditions from changing thelr ConstStutions and violating thelr plodges {f this action in Arksnaae ts aeqitieaced in? I respectfully submit whether a prece- dont so dangerous to the alability of State Govern. mient, if uot of the Notional Government also, ehowld ‘be recognized by Cougravs, Tho President, it will bo seen, has reachod conclusions, both as to law and facts, different |, from those of the Republican Committes of the House, and we cannot but rasume that the President has beonimposed upon by those who seck to rotain power and place against the expressed wishes of the poople of Arkan. sos, It has been onlya fow months sinco bogus Brooxs sought by force to overturn tho de fucto Governmont of the State, and tho Preuidont ordered the National troops to pro- tect that Government against the usurper Brooxs, Acting under suggestions from Wash- ington, the Legislature was convoned, and or- dered an election of delegates to a State Con- vention to remodel the Stato Constitution, The Convontion met, and tho new Constitu- tion was adopted by tho following voto: Yeas, 78,089; nays, 24,807; majority, 63,882, Under it, the present Stato Government was elected by aqually large majorities, Tho hon- est aceker after justice will failto seo any- thing rovolutionary or unprecedented in this proceeding, It hag never been questionod that the peoplo of ovory State have the right to frame or amond their own Constitutions when and how thoy pleaso, Thoonly restric. tlons are that the form of governmont of the State must bo republican, nnd that the provisions of the Stato Constitu- tion muat bo subordinate to the National Constitution. Keoping within theso restric- tions, the power of the people of any State to amond and change their Constitution can- not bo, and has nevor been, questioned. It is apower that hasbeen exorcised in every State of the Union, in many of the States repoatedly, Tho State of Missouri, lesa than ten years ago, adopted a new Constitution; ainoe then it has made important amendments thereto, and has nov olected a Convention to substitute a now Constitution for the radical one of 1865, Illinois has recently mado her third Constitution, istroducing many atriking changes. Pennsylvanio has also framed and adopted ® Constituton which has, in many particulars, revolutiosized the Government of that State. New York has partially set aside her Constitution, stbatituting therefor im- provements suggested by timo and experience, We have never heard that the changa of a Constitution by the people of a Btate hag been considered ‘' dangerous to the stability of State Government, if not of the National Government.” The people of Arkansas aro not undé® any mors obligation or restraint’ in the composition of their Btate Con- atitution than are the people of Tlinois, If the Btate Constitution be inconsistont with the Constitution of the United States, then these Liconsistut provisions are wold f and will bo a0 declared by the Supremo Court, All that is noeded to givo validity and author- ity to n State Constitution is that it shall have been fairly submitted to n vote of the people, and shall have been ratified by them. There ia no pretenao that tho now Constitution of Arkansas was not fairly submitted to a vote of the people, nor tho slightost donbt that a j very large majority of the people of the State votod for and accepted the same, We havo carefully noted tho opinion of the press on this question, and of the many hun- dreds of exchanges reeoived at this office, in- cluding oll the papers of note of both parties, and thera is an oxtraordinary unanimity of sentiment betweon the Republican aud Dem- coratio papers as to the validity of the Arkan- sas Governmont, and the mistake of attempt- ing to overturn that Government and inaugurate perhaps civil war, We think Arkansas had better bo loft alone. It is not probable that cithor branch of Congress will | seriously ontertain the proposition, Let us have ponce. A LIE 8QUFLOHED, ‘Tho Now York Sun of the 8th inst., edited by an Iuhmaclite whose Lond is against every man sympathizing with or connected with the Republican party, mainly for personal reasons, printed a three-column article head- ed * Grant's Diplomatists,” directly charging Gen. Ronen C. Scuencr, United States Min- ister at London, and the Hon, E, B, Wasx- suRNE, United States Minister at Paris, with solliny their their influenco to place tho Fre. Mont Memphis & El Paso swindling bonds on the Paris Bourse, Mr. Dawa charges in this article that in June, 1869, thera was trouble in Paris concerning these bonds, and, at that tine, Gen, Fnemonz and Gen. Scuzncx went to that city togethor to “fix Wasunurne, who in Congress had been a grent antagonist of Fresonr and his scheme,” and that during this visit ‘‘several payments in gold, amounting in nll to moro than $10,- 000, wero paid toa third party for the Hon. E. DB, Wasnsunxe.” 2, The further chargo is made that Gen, Ciusrret, who was then rosident in Paris asa naturalized citizen of the United States, published a pamphlot cx- posing the imposturo, and was ordered to lenve the country ; and that he appealed to Mr. Wasunurna for protection, which was not granted. 8, The charge is algo made that M. Maresrinz, tho editor of La I?-forme, ad- dressed a sories of questions to Mr, Wasn- Bonne touching the legality, soundness, and security of the bonds, which the latter de- clined to answer lest it might injure the Company, and that others made similar in- quiries of him which he did not choose to nuswer. This is the substance of the charges which the Sun makes ayninst Mr. Wasnpunnx, Whether Gon, Scurnce was connected in any way with the El Paso scheme we do not know, and that is immaterial at prosent. Sofar as Mr. Wasnzunnz is concerned, however, an answer has been mado promptly and com- pletely. Tho article appeared in the Sun on the 8th, and on the 1ith Mr, Wasnnvrne answered it by acablo dispatch to the New York Herald, in which he sets forth an array of facts which nails the vile slanders to the counter, In this dispatch, Mr. Wasnnurne doclarcs that ha never received a dollar or was offered a dollar for his official infinenco in this or any other matter; that tho bonds of tho Memphis & El Paso schoma’ were placed on the Bourso s month before he ar- tived in Paris; that he exposed the fraudulent character of the bonds aud advised the State Department of the facts; and that the parties who placed the bonds assailed him for so do- ing, and Gon, Frmsont arraigned him in & public manner ‘for discrediting a groat Amorican enterprise.” The public will not ask for any further denial of these unsub- stantial and infamous charges which have grown out of the partison malice of Mr. Dana. The charges against Mr, Wasunonnn being shown as false, it is quite probablo that the charges against Gon. Senencr, made in the snme connection, may be equally false, In any event, the afrocious and cold-blooded manner in which a charge without any foun- dation was made ogeinst Mr, Wasnnavanz ought to apprise the public that no reliance ean be placod horenfter upon any charges made by the Sun, which has become simply the medium for venting Dana's personal ond partisan spleen and malice, A LANE EXPLANATION, In the oxplanation of the new Tariff bill which devolved upon Mr, Dawzs, as Chair- man of tho Ways and Means Committeo, that gentleman was betrayed into some yro- markable assertions which will scarcely stand the test of comparison with the facta, Mr. Dawes certainly found himself in an embar- rassing position, He was required to give roason why tho tax on matches, which yiolds $2,600,000, should be repealed unssked for by the peoplo, and there should bo an in- creaso of 10 per cent, gold, on the present high dutios on all store-goods, clothing, Groceries, ond manufactures, and no tax whatover on tea and coffee, We will do Mr, Dawes the justice to think that he does not himself believo in the wisdom, sense, or fairness of such propositions; and, not believing it, it is no wonder that he modo s0 Inme and impotent a defenso for it. If unable to ox- plain the absurd schemo to his own satisfac- tion, it is no wonder that he wasunableto ox- plain iton the floor of the Houso to the satis- faction of the public, He may have been driven into an official indorsement of the schema by the foar of a defentof every prop- osition for increasing the revenue without making conccusions to tho attorneys of tho protectod classes in Congress, ‘This was cowordly ; but wo bovo an idea that Mr, Dawas would rather rest under an imputation of cowardice than to bo crodited with tho warped judgment and weak sophistry of in- doraing the scheme personally which ho ig advocating in hia officinl capnoity as Chair. man of the Ways and Means Committeo, ‘What is there so soored about tea and cof. feo? Ia there a divinity about them that doth hedge them in? Ara they to be re. garded as a grand lama, never to be touched but always to bo worshiped? Ara we asked to admit that, no matter what the necexsitics of the country may be, nor how heavily other interests may be taxod, tea and coffee must always be apared? Shall we pile up taxoa on the necessities of lifo, and let the quasi-luxuries of tea and coffea go scot free? Tea and coffee are mild utimulonts, by no menna indispensable, They oro not more necessary to Americans than beer to Germaus or wine to the French, They are not more commonly used in thia country than beer and wine are in othor countries. They bolong to tho same catogory of comparatively harmless stimulants, If used in excoss, tea and coffve may be as hurt. ful physically ag tho excessive use of light wines and beer; and their excessive use is more common than that of wine aud beer, The inveterate coffee-drinker ta a dyspeptio; the invetorate tea-drinkor fsa nervelesa and limpid hypochondriac. They have no more medicinal qualities than beer and wine, Wherein, then, do thoy find that universal exemption niin to the quality of eminent do- main? Mr, Dawes hos failed to explain. If ten and coffee were carrying n tax of 50 por cent, and clothing, crockery, and eutlory, ints, boots and shoes nothing, there might bw a reasonable pretext for demanding that a tax should be put on these articles before the {ax on tea and coffes bo increased, thongh even then the plea could bo mot with tho answer that Inxuries should bear all the taxes and tho necessaries of life none, But tho present proposition reverses this position. It is that the tax on clothing, which ia already gu average of 60 por cent, shall be increased 10 per cent, and that tea shall pay nothing. It ia that cottons, linens, boots and shoes, underelothing, overconts,-silks, caticos, car pots, entlery, implements, tools, nnd nearly all the other necessaries of life of the laboring poor ns woll as the rich, now besring a tax of 50 por cent, shall pay 10 per cent more, and caffe shall pay nothing. In other words, everything already loaded down with taxation shall pay more, and tea and coffee, which bonrs no tax, shall continue to pay nothing, No wonder thnt Mr, Dawes’ apology for the now bill was so wenk and tame. It would tako o brighter intellect than his to render so. palpable an inconsistency plausible. A DISHONEST DEMAGOGUE. The State Journal at Springfield bas upon several occasions of Inte printed articles touching upon the official econdnot of Speaker Hayes which are not very creditable to that gentleman's reputation for fairness. Tho gravest fenture of theso articles is that they have not been denied. From theso articlos, and frora other statements which have come to us from an authentio source, we are on- ablod to give some details of the operations of the Speaker, which nt lonst demand an in. vestigation by the Ropublican members, ‘The facta which have been furnished us show conclusively that this man Hames bos used his powor and place to increase the clorical force of both Houscs for mere partisan pur. poses, and that ho has subsidized tho com- mittee clerks to do his dirty work, in other words, to write him up instead of down, as correspondents at Springfield aro inclined to do, whatever may be tho political character of the papers for which they write ; and that he has threatened to refuse to certify to their pay if they attack him or refuse to do his bidding. Soveral clorks of committeos ore newspaper correspondents, and they have been organized by him into a “ Bureau of Correspondence,” with the Engrossing and Enrolling Clerk os the chief of it, Tho mem. bera of thia ‘' Bureau" are expected to write in praise of Hares, and, in caso thoy cor. respond with tho Opposition papers, to abuse and defame the Republican membors, and have copies of the papers forwarded to tho Speaker, so that he may be sure the members of the Bureau have earned their per diem. These clorks have nothing else todo, One of them, a woman, and assistant to the En- grossing Clerk, who writes for papers in York- ville and Aurora, who has vindictively at- tacked the Governor and members of tho Houso withont cause for fear of losing her pay, has her letters rend and rovised, wo are informed, by Iams before they ave sent ont. Another clerk, who writes manifold letters for half a dozen country newspapers, submits to the snme mortification, The whole cloricat forca of tho two Houses seem to ba engaged in this disreputablo business. ‘The reason for this unusual operation lies in’ the fact that Hatnes ia 9 candidate for Governor, He has therefore subsidized ns many as possible of the country press to advance his presumed in- terests by denunciation of the present Gov- ernor and the Republican members, and hos commenced newspaper electioncering, paying for it out of the State Treasury, Were it not for tho fact that he controls the clerical force, who aro paid out of the State Treasury; that he requires them to write in his interests by their knowledye that they will lose their situations if they do not; and that what they write, therefore, is inspired or in- spected by him, he would receive such s lash- ing for his unparliamentary and grossly parti- gan conduct and wrongful rulings that he would be gtad to step down and out from his position to save himself from tho wrath of papors of all political comploxions, Speaker Hates is playing the role of a demagogue, butit will not win, It will only be necessary to call the attention of the country news- Papers, whose correspondents are engaged in cleaning Hanves’ dirty linen, to the fact it- eolf, If they have any independence left, thoy will give this tricky demngogue a ploce of fresh, rural, spicy advice that will settle his Gubernatorial pretensions for a Jong tine to came, THE IRON AND STEEL TRADE, The American Iron and Stoel Association, which mot at Philadelphia on the 11th inat., is a really representative assembly, represent- ing a great industrial interest, The report of tho Secretary of the Associ tion shows that the condition of the iron antl stool trade has Intoly gone from bad to worse. Jan, 1, 1874, 206 of tho GUO furnaces of the country were ont of blast. Bfore than one- balf of tho rail-mills wero idlo and others were running only on parttime. By April, the state of things was atill worse, Nov. 1, 295 of the 677 furnaces then completed wore out of blast. On the 10th of thia month, moro than half of the furnaces in the coun. try woroidle, There aro largo stocks of iron on hand. The railroad demand, which was so great up to tho timo of the panio, is now yory small. In other words, tho fron markot is glutted, and the manufacture much overdone, American man- ufacturors, intoxicated by tha high profits givon them by the high tariff at the expense of thoir fellow-citizens, urged forward pro. duction abnormally, They thus erected nearly a thousand furnaces and mills, aud ocoumn.- Inted great stocks of steel and iron, Al. though they were doubly protected from the British manufacturer by the cost of transpor- tution, the agents’ conuolssions, and the tariff, they were not content with moderate profits, but put their prices so high that nearly $C0,000,000 worth of iron and ates! was imported from England in 1873, By keeping thoir rates at a ronsonable figure they might have underaold tholr foreign rivals every day in the year and hava kept the market wholly to themeclves, ‘They have their awn grecd to thank for thelr failure to do go, Now thoy advance the wonderful ar- gument that one great reason of the erlsia wag the presence in’ the country of this imported iron and ateol! The oriais was onused, as every crisis igand always will be onused, by the destruction of wealth and fast living. ‘Lhe peoplé bought iron and steel from Europe and paid the high tariff thereon because they had to give lesa wealth iu ex- change thon they would have had to give had they bought the artlolesathome. The trans. potion therefore resulted in an increass in the net woalth of the country, Now come the Pennsylvania Sotons, who say that o; count of an increase in the national we by the addition of this imported iron asq steel, n crisis came, which occurs only wha thoro is a decrenso in that wealth. ‘The depression in tho iron trado is undonj. able. ‘The business is suffering, like every other, from tho offects of the crisis, 11 cay regain a sound condition only when the Ww, ath destroyed bofora and during the crisia }, been restored by patient Inbor and savin Tho Association, however, wanls to cui sickness with a hair of the dog that hit j or with the whole dog, It eannot sell its wareg ‘becauso a high tariff prevents export and so confines it to the precarious, home market, It therefore wants tho put a few pegs higher, and thanks the 8. for keeping its goods ont of the Can market by rejecting the Reciprocity ‘Wivaty, Its trado has heen injured by smuggling, lc. cause an enormous duty puts a premium cy that crime ; and therefore it Wants the duticg incronsed. ‘The crisis, which has involved itg business in such ruin, was mainly cased hy the unproductive conswnption (i. ¢., the de. struction) of wealth in useless railroads end other unprofitable speculations; and it there. fore begs Congress to subsidize n few more wild-cat, transcontinental railronds ! It thinks that if the Governmont wonlq strain its credit by indorsing a few houded millions of ‘Tos Scorr’s and Jay Coorn's bonds, good times would return py cedi How could this be? Tho bonds would have to bo sold, and the money would absorb just that much of the surplus working capita! of tho people, which otherwiso will be used and invested at home in reproduotive employ. ments. To use this capital to build réilroads across the continental deserts is to sink and dostroy it. One great cauge of tho yavic of 1873 was tho absorption of somo forty will. jons of the working capital of the inIn:trint clesses and burying it on Jay Coone’s line of wild-cat railroad. These pig-iron Pennsylva uians insist that the samo folly shall be repeated in behalf of Tom Scort's wild.cal enterprise. Could folly farther go? ‘The ignorant rapacity of these men mocks commer sense, experionce, and the strongest induc. tions of political economy, Their res tutions aro the bost possible guide to what Conpress should shun end the worst possible to what Congress should d OUR OOUNTRY—WHAT IT Is, Prof. W. W. Susmex, of Yale, bas lately delivered a course of lectures on civil gov. ernment to the students in his dopartment, In one of them, ho dixenssed the real nature of our Republic, His views on this theme are well worthy of attention, for he is cne of the ablest of the rising school of men iz whom lies the hope of our political future, the men who believe that tho first duty cf the American citizen, a8 a citizen, is to be actively engoged in politica, aud who think it nocessary to study politics before Inying down itslaws. Prof. Suscsex is the author of the well-known work on “ American Currency.” He is an Independent Republican, who bes proved tho sincerity of his belief in the duties of citizenship by consenting to serve ag an Alderman in Now Haven. ‘I'Mat blindly Democratic city proved its good reuse by electing him to the place which sought his services. In the lectura to which we have referred, tho Professor began -by drawing a broad dis tinction betweon constitutionalism and cls. legislation, AU such legislation, whether for the benefit of King, or nobility, or rich, or poor, ig an inroad upon constitutional righ:t Lows should be made for all, not for the minority or the majority. Thoso mado for the latter are apt te be of the worst sort pox sible, The legislation of 1703 in France is an example of thia. Tho attempt to enforce ab solute equality by law endod in Cwsarisim ‘This ig the great leason far the people to learn to-day. that absolute equality must end in Crsorism.” Absolute equality is puto domoerasy, Pure democracy is incompatible with a constitutional republio, Whore it pre- vails, the fluctuating “will of the yeoplo” is law,—o law which lasts for a mon:ont, then disappears. It is government by whim and caprice, passion and revenge, It ornnot beat restraint by custom, usage, or settled luw, Our Government is a constitutional ropnb- lic. ‘The evils, the bad tendency, and dan- gera which have been developed lie in the direotion of moking it a pure domocracy.” Such a demoeracy-would have gone to wat with Spain tnelanter whon tho Virginius was enptured, As it was, it necdod the whole strength of our constitutional checks to pro vont thia mad folly, Prof. Sumver enumerates five great eliecks upon the popular will, the existence of which proves his definition of our form of govern. ment. The first is the written Constitutien, This provides that tho governtoent shall be so-nnd- 50, no matter what the majority of tho mo- ment wonld like to have it, ‘Partios may gotoone ortho other extreme, bit hera it the law to bring them back." The second check is the judiciary, This posses upon the conutitutionality of laws, and so keeps majorities from interfering wilh our Magna Charta, In 1820, the Baltimore branch of the United States Bank brought sult in the United States Courts to recover tho tax imposed upon {t by the lnws of Mary: land, Tho Courts decided that the State law waa unconstitutional, The tax had to be refunded. Maryland was greatly oxcited at this, but the people had to submit to the Judges. Twioe or thr ce, whon the Supreme Court had provented the fulfillment of tha popular will, there haa beon a cry, “Down with the Supreme Court.” This aort of silli- ness has had its day, We must remind Prof, Sounen, however, that the Grangors have echoed this cry very lately, The pooplo te sponsible for it forget that all power necilé cheoks. It makes no difforence whether thé power is centered in a large majority or@ amall minority, except that in the formet case ite exercise ig apt to be the more des potio, = ‘The Presidont's veto is another check. I saved the country from the foolish Finauce bill passed by Congress at the last session, I has unfortunately failod to deliver us from the Little Tariff bill. The fourth check on popular passion ie the constitutional requirgment of a two-thirds vote in certain cases, This prevents « bare majority from carrying reckless measures. The fifth check is the recognized exister? and duty of an opposition party in Congress- It criticisaa measures, argues against thems tries to persuade the otber side that it is wrong, protests, aud finally records ita vot:s against the measure to which it objects. 1 makes the people see both wides of the que tion, and ft often auccosds in modifying ob- fectionable measures. Anything which gag* the opposition ig an inroad upon constitution: olism, The majority must be able to pass the laws, within constitutional Imits, which it approves; but the minority must Lave 4