Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 6, 1875, Page 8

8 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATES OF FUNSCRIPTION (PATARLK ft ADVANCE), Postage Prepaid nt this OMmce. sino 3. 5 Battech S888 | Wes ie ay be mada either! Ofico order, of in registered letters, at our risk, ‘TERMS TO CITY SUDECHIRERS, Naty, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 conte perweck ivered, Sunday inclnded, BO cents per work THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, nd Di Chicago, Ll, ‘TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS: OF MUSIO— tated street, batwoen Mad san and Ava. “Grans Valle.” Afternoon sad evenings HOOLRY'S THRATRE—Randainh street, between ‘Clark and LaSalle. * Magnolia,” Afternoon and evening, ADELPHI THRATR: roe. Yarioty ontertainman: of Gold.” Afternoon and evenini Dearliorn atroet, comer Mon- ee ebe Held of the Olots M'VICKER'S THEATRE—Madiron street, botween Dearhorn and Stata, _Eneagoment of Mrs. D. P, Bowers, Afternoon, ‘Camille, Rvening, ‘* Mary Stuart." SRUM—M street, between Daare borin Bat Reandat' and" Nae the: Good for. Nothing." Afternoon and evening. D_OPERA-HUUSE—Clark _stree! iors Topees ically. a Leone Minutr oppouite rae ‘Grimson Beart.” Afternoon aud evening. ‘The UNION PARK CONGREGATIONAL CHURCI— [of Bernard Cancort- froupa in the Avenue Baptist Church in tho “BUSINESS NOTICES. LL WR SAY,—FULL SET BEST GUM factinn or money refunded, Filling, tirst- usual rates, MCCHESNEY, 13Clark-st, ‘WR MEAN teeth, 38, Sat clans, at half 7 je and a leader with the ti ecome a valouble prop: our sul sight to ite use fo soveral auite nt law, footing the public and oursolves from imposition, INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. SEVENTH PAGR-Cits Real Retate, Wants, To Rents, aidses! arenes Wanted, Last and Found; Bustvess TENTH DAGhecRaltroad ‘Time-Tablo, Ocean Btoam- PUEVESIT PAGIC Amaioments, Now Publications, ‘Trotting Stock, etc.. The Chicana Cribure. Saturday Morning, February 0, 1875. WITH SUPPLEMENT. ‘Tho singular * ovation” to Marr Carren- vex, which is reported this morning in the personal column, is worth thinking about. 'The Irish politicians of the People’s Party are besecching Mr, Aanew to yield point to Tzstna and reinstate Hann. And perhaps Acyew will, He is thinking of it now, ‘‘be- twixt sherry and champagne.” It is rumored that the President will soon send o message to Congress recommending the overthrow of the Ganuanp Government 4m Arkansas and the reinstatement of Bnoons. We hope and believe the President will do nothing of tho kind. Dr. Dr Koven wou elected Bishop of Mlinois without the disputed votes of the two Chan- cellors. On the last ballot, 59 lay votes wero cast, of which Dz Koven received 31. If the votes of Watrnousr and Jupp be thrown out, the total will be reduced to 57 and Dz Koven’s vote to 29, Now, 29 votes was just tho number necessary to a choice. in opposition to tho Civil-Itights bill yester- doy, and said somo bitter things of the inter- feronce of National troops in Stato affairs. Mr, Pucurs, it seems, hos been betrayed into disingenuousness by his desire to conciliato a dozen or two voters in his District, who de- fented his re-election last November. Such talk as that of yesterday will alienate more voters than it will attract, ‘Whatever grounds for publie sympathy Beysamin Borer may have had on account of the scurrilous assault upon him of Joun Youna Brown, it was lost yesterday by his re- ply to the Kentucky member. Burize mado a bad botch of it, The goneral opinion will ‘be, after hia speech of yesterday is ‘read, that if anybody bad to be soundly abused on the floor of Congress, Burien, on the whole, ‘waa the best man for the occasion, Tho old-time animosities of Tiron and “Lvanrs ore pretty well exhibited in an ar- ticlo from the New York Graphic elsewhere published in thia paper. After roading ‘I'rt- ‘ron's scathing denunciation of the ‘‘ghost- Jy little attorney" who defended An- prew Jounson, it is easy to understand ‘how Mr. Evants may now be pursuing an old -enemy with relentless hate, And the hate, too, may be very honest and well-deserved. ‘The sympnthies of the people generally, in respect of this quarrel, will bo, wo think, on the aide of Mr, Hvanrs. We invite attention to tho article published this morning concerning small-pox in the {County Poor-House. It nppoars from it that (@ caso of small-pox was reported by the War- ‘don of thot institution to the County Com- amissioners on Jan. 8; that # requisition was then made for a tent in which to se- ‘oludo tho pationt; that no attention was \thon or has since been paid to the request ; and that thore are now twouty-one cases in the Poor-House, for twonty of which tho County Board is presumably responsible. We offer the facta this morning without a word ofcomment, They aro cloquent, to authorize piracy by Tom Scorr and his confodorates is given ‘this morning in the Washington diapatches ; and tho prediction is ventured that it will bo favorably roported to the House. Most people will detect a fino irony in the provision thatthe Secrotary of the Treasury xhall not joer mora than par forthe guaranteed bonds, ,Only to think of Vosr-Scorr's bonds selling ebove paris more amusing then a chapter out of Mank Twa, The abstract of tho bill will repay careful examination. The scheme is a good thing for honest patriots to ponder over and condemn. a The Chicago produce markets were gen- erally weak yoaterduy. Moss pork was ac- tive, and declined 200 per bri, closing at $18.40 cash, and 818.65 seller March. Lard waa active and 100 per 100 Ibs lower, closing at 18,57 1-2@18,60 cash, and $13.75 for Maroh, . Moata were in good demand and firm, at 61-2@6 65-8o for shoulders, 9 12@ 9 5-80 for short ribs, and 97-86 for short clears, - Dressed hoga were quiet and stronger, losing at $7.50@8.00,° Highwines were in- active and nomiual at 92 1-2@09B0 per gallon. Flour was quiet and unchanged, Wheat was sotive and lolower, closing at 850-40 cash Gud 870 tor March, Corn was active and 8-4c lower, clowiny at 63 S40 cash, and 71 1-40 solley May. Onte were active and 1-i@1-2c ower, closing at 536 onsh, and 53 1-40 for March. Ryv was quiet and steady of 96 2-9 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: 8 @97e, Barley was activo and 4@ho lower, closing at S1,17 cash, and £1.17 1-2@1.18 for Mareh. 1 wero activennd atrong. Sates at $6.50 for common to choice. Cattle and sheep were quiet and unchanged, Tower Tlouse of Congress yesterday is not tho very objoctionablo mensura adopted by the Senate, It is, on tho contrary, a bill pre- pared by tho Hongo Judiciary Committee. It contains neither the mixed-schools section nor the cemetery clauso of the Senate bill; and is, fo far as wo can seo, one of the most harmless, not to ray unnecessary, bits of legislation that has come before Congress this session, Mr. Hoan characterized it weil when he anid, during ‘Thursday's debate, that hoe did not anticipate either good or harm to come from its direct operation. Hoe merely considered it some- thing necessary to bo made, like the Declara- tion of Independence. ‘The membors of the United States Sonate whose terms expire March 3, 187%, and who took the back-pay and refusod to refund it, were tho following: Dongsan, Weat Virginia, BROWNLOW, Tennerree, CaNreNTER, Wisconsin, alas FLANAGAN, Texas, Spnaove, Rhode Teland, ‘Onuent, Florida, ‘Tivray, Nebraska, This is the full list of those who took the money in March, 1873, and whose terms ox- pire March, 1875, and not one of them has een ro-clected. So completely killed were they in the estimation of their constituents, that, with the exception of Mr. Canrenrsr, not one of them received a vote for re-lec- tion, Massachusetts alone of all the States elected a salary-grabber, in the person of Mr. Laws, Virginia, raw Jersey. Dawes, to the United States Senate, The coolest thing on record is the Pope's reported letter to, Don Cantos, The latter has been fighting for the Crown of Spain, and lias shown intense devotion to the Church,— for the sake of gotting its aid. Now Prus Ninth writes him, or is said to have written him, that since Anrronso bas given the Church allit claims ho (Carwos) had better stop fighting and submit to his cousin. We fear that this calm assumption that ali Don Canzos wanted was to benefit the Church of Rome was too much for the Pretender’s piety. Ho doubtless translated ‘‘damn” into Span- ish with great vigor. and he may even have doubted for a moment the infallibility of tho Holy Father. Doesn't His Holiness thiuk it was pretty cold comfort for His Highness? However, the advice he gave his “son” was good, The sooner Don Cantos follows the Pope’s advice the better it will bo for the people of Spain. Mr. B, F, Anen’s affairs are in ao very desperate way, If tho statement which he minde to his creditors yesterday be interpreted by the ordinary rules, he is worse off than nothing. Counting in his available real estate ot $1,204,615, his bills receivable at $640,698.87, and his stocks of varions kinds ot 2426,072.45, he is ablo to show a surplns of $837,828.46. But it will be very surprising if any of these items realize tho estimated amount. The real estate, in all probability, could not be sold to-day for half what it is put in at; and it will be strango if the bills receivable of tho broken bank do not show a largo number of bad debts. Tho stocks, too, aro dubious assets, That the statement was not satisfac- tory to the creditors of Mr. Annex is shown by tho announcemont of their intention to put him into bankrupte; CHICAGO IN THE LEGISLATURE, ‘There comes to us from Springfield the story that there is a Cook County opposition there to the enactment of any legislation asked by the Citizens’ Association, and this opposition is not because of the character of the proposed legislation #0 much na because it is asked by the Citizens’ Association, This is to be regretted. Cook County is repre- sented by seven Senators and twenty-one membors of the other House, or nearly ono- seventh of the whole number of the mem- bers of the Logislature. United, this delega- tion might accomplish all that is noeded by the City of Chicago, might relieve the poople here'of serious governmental embrassments, and generally aid in bringing financial se. curity and order out of the prosent disorder and confusion, Divided, these members will actually be aninjury to the interests of the eity they represont, They will repeat tho old story of so many of their predecossors, and tend to confirm tho often-repeated remark that Chicago would be stronger in the Legis- lature if she was wholly unropresanted. No one familiar with our atfairs but is con- scious of the defects in our charter laws. ‘Tho prosont city charter, codiflod, makes a volume of many hundred pages; it is com- poser of acts and parts of acts, sections that have been amendod, repealed, amendod after being repealed, and revived again ; sections of thesamo date diametrically opposed to esch other, and tho whole forming a charter of inconsistencies, imperfections, stupidtics, and incompleteness, ‘The very able gontle- men who have served as the legal advisers of the city, and who have, of course, given a cloge attention to tho study of that charter, have never been able to reach the same con- clusion as to what is the law upon any in- tricate point. There being no Inw capable of intelligent intorpretation, everything is ad- journed to tho courts; and it is considered an even bet that if one Court decides a point one way, no matter which, another Court will reverse the judgment, ‘The city has grown away from the charter of 1857, and the patch- work put upon that charter since then hag rendered the whole inexplicable, confused, and contradictory. Tho days of special leg- islation having gone by, the only legislative remedy is a new charter, and that by a gon- eral act. The difficulties of providing s general charter for all cities,—for cities Hke Bloom. ington, Springfleld, Quincy, Cairo, Elgin, Alton, Peoria, and Chicago,—chartors that will be applicablo alike to all thee, are con- fessed, No chartor euitable for all the varied wants of these cities can probably be framed ; but the Legislature can enact a geuoral charter embodying all the provisions essential for the pocullar business of each of these cities, and leave it optional with tho people of each city to adopt so mony of them are suitable and appropriate, and omit tho others, ‘There are many things required in tho gov- ernment of a city of 400,000 people that ne not needed in a city of 4,000 inhabitants, "Tho Logislaturo of Chicago lovies more taxes than does the Legislature of Hinols, ‘Lhe number of employes of this oity is ten times that of the State Government, ond their salaries are proportionately groator. Laws, restraints, aud restrictions upon the powers of such a Logislature may be eminently de. sivable here when they would bo wholly un- necoagary and out of place in the’ charter of Mondota or Naperville. ‘Tue city aGthoritics, who axe of nedeuslty better informed ox to the wenknesses and de- ficiencies of the present charter and the pressing and urgent necessity for officient remedies for the existing evils in the law, have refused or omitted to take nny steps looking to procuring legislative relief. With every department running at loose ends and no responsible executive authority ; with tho elty deficient in revenue and lacking the sure means of onforcing tho collection of taxes ; the Mayor, Common Council, Comptroller, Board of Public Works, and the Law Department make no effort to prepare or propose measures to remedy any of theso evils, Under these circumstances, a number of respectable citizens, not tax-fighters, but tax- payers ; not office-holders nor office-seekers, but merchants and business men; not poli- ticians, but citizens interested in the welfare of the city, organized with the view of procuring unity of action, They in- vited the co-operation of everybody; they especially sought the assistance of the city authorities both in the matter of eliciting in- formation and in obtaining advico as to the best methods of amending tho laws. For many months they labored with this view. They discovered that the general charter on- acted by the last Legislature was, for a city of this magnitude, incomplete in many re- spects; that for the Government of Chicago many things were required which wero not needed and should not bo imposed on little towns, ‘They discovered that tho machinery provided for a change from a special charter to the general one was not sufiicient, and they, acting on the best information they possessed, framed proposed amendments to the general Inw, by which any city, by popu- lar vote, might adopt certain provisions of the general act or not, as they might deem best, and at the same time adopt the general pro- visions. ‘These amendments wero carefully devised 80 as to force no provision on any other city against the will of the people of that city, and at the same time offored all cities the op- tion of mlopting all the provisions of the law. In the meantime the Common Council, with sullen silence and contempt, has refused to co-operate with these citizons, and has re- fused to report any measures of their own, Tho bills of the Citizens’ Association were presented to the Legislature, and now comes tho intelligence that a portion of tho mem- bers from this city intend to oppose them and defeat them if possible. ‘This opposition is of course inspired from Chicago, One of tho great ovils of our City Government in the nck of executive respon- sibility nnd authority, and the wild and irre- sponsible domination of ‘Bonrds.” These Boards have the patronage of the city at their disposal. The Common Council, hav- ing the solo power of appropriations, control the Boards after a fashion, and, as a con3e- quences, control the patronage, Thero can be no relief to the Government of the City of Chicago that docs not abolish all these Boards of irresponsibility, and substi- tate therefor a responsible exccutive authori- ty. While there are among the Commission- ers of these Boards several honorable excep~ tions, the whole strength and force of the Commissioners and of their dependent subor- dinates, and of the Aldermen who deal in the patronage thus distributed, is opposed to any change. They aro all satisfied with the exist- ing condition of things, which pays them well, and this opposition to the enactment of any law which shall be proposed by tho Citi- zens’ Association is inspired from this city and from this source, It is aromarkable fact that oll legislation for the benofit of the 400,000 people of this city, and for the rescue of the credit and hon- or of Chicago, and for the correction of no- torious abuses, is likely to be defeated, be- couse Mr. Manx Surnipan wants to bo ro- elected Police Commissioner in November, 1875, under the existing law. To secure that end, and all’that is involved in it, the Legis- lature is invoked to perpetuate the prosent municipal charter. Woe appeal to the mem- bers of the Legislature of at parties to re- momber that this city is largo part of the State, and payaa very large portion of its taxes, and in tho future will constitute evon a greater proportion of the population and taxable property. We want a now and efficiont charter—the privilege of adopting such o charter. We need an efficiont Government. We nced o responsible Government ; and we appeal to the members representing districts outside of Chicago to give to this city tho legislative re- lief that is asked. Surely this is not too much to ask for on behalf of our citizens, SSS BROWN’S BOMBAST. The outrageous personal attack of Jonn Youna Brown, of Kentucky, upon Brew But- ter, in the House on Thursday last, is signifi- cant in more ways than one, So far as tho event is considered per se, it was a gross vio- lation of tho personal rights of members and of the freedom of debate, and the sovero cen- sura which thia hot-headod Kentucky fire- eater received was none too light a punish- ment for such an offense, There was mo oc- casion for this display of plantation manners, and no useful purposo to be subserved. If Mr. Bnown had been possessed of that peen- liar chivalry and inngnanimity which we aro asked to believe is monopolized by the South and can nevor be possessed by the pleboian North, there would have been an occasion to oxhibit these qualities towards » defeated opponent about to retire from Congress, Mr. Brown's chivalry, however, appears to be of that arrogant, bombastic, and conceited type which charactorizes too many of the Southern chivalry, which emphasizes itself with pistol or bowie-knife, and defends itwelf with bully- ing and blaster, We have no defense to make for Mr. Burtzn. Wo believe his pecu- liar school of politics to be bad and danger- ous, The Itepublicans of his District did thomgelves erat by retiring him from Con- gress, and honest Republicans everywhere rejoiced over his defeat, although secured at the exponso of giving his seat to a Democrat, But this does not excuse this young Bom- bastes, who, without waiting for his elders, has fleshed his maiden sword in the body of adead enemy, aud exhibited his plantation antics before tho time las come for them. ‘This personal onslaught upon a member of the House is specially signiticant of what may be expected in the next Congress,» In that Congreus, the Democracy will have full scope for the display of its peouliar talents. ‘The Republicans will be in a small minority. ‘Khe Democracy will have the Speakership, the control of the committess, tho control of the publio purse, the dictation of public measures, ‘Chey have shown fow signs yet that they have made much progress as a party since they went out of power, Evew before they take possession of Congress, the Southern Democrats come to the front, and Bscx, Lawaz, Goavon, and Brown take the leadership and wip what formerly was called the ‘'dough-faces” aa they did before the Heballion, Lf those ATURDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1875.---TWELVE PAGES, things are done in the groen leaf, what may we not oxpect in the dry? In the next Congress tho Southern Democrats will take the lead and the Northern ones will follow, the same as they did in former days. The long-suppressed wrath against tho North and Northern principles, aud for the loss of "the peculiar institution,” will find vent in the same displays of vituporation and thrents which wore witnossed before the War, and Northern Democrats: will follow the lead ns they followed it in times past. ‘This sub. servieney may reasonably bo inferred from the fact that they all voted against consuring Bnows for his grossly unparliamentary language, while in private they freely con- demn it, THE HEADLAS3 SYSTEM AGAIN, The 7imes' accphalous system of Govern. ment has got as for as Springficll. Tho mem- her from Bureau County wants the Illinois Legislaturo to propose it as an amendment tothe Constitution of the United States. ‘The Hlinois Legislature will decline to do anything of the kind unless it wants to make an organ- ized ass of itself. The system, 18 finally for- mulated by the member from Bureau County, corresponds to the school-boy’s definition of the word acepha-lous,—that is, a louse vith. ont ahead, It has dwindled away into a ridiculons proposition without method, aim, consistency, or sense, and it searcely imerits serious treatment. We have already expross- ed the opinion that any grafting of the prin- ciple of a responsible Executive upon our sys- tem must be slow and of uatural growth, and that a sudden and arbitrary application of it without careful adaptation would bo danger- ous to theexistenco of the Governmentand the pence of the country. But the production of the joint effort of the Chicago 7tmea and tho mentber from Burenn County is so grotesque a scheme that it will excite only a broad guf- faw wherevor it is presented. The dangor is all out of it; the ludicrous alono remains. The plan is this: Thera is to be # Cabinet nominated by the Speaker of the House of Ropreseutatives, or somebody else, and elect- ed by the House; the chief of the Cabinet is to be styled the Executive, and is to retire from office and give place to his successor upon a vote of want of confidence by both Houses of Congress, unless ho sees fit. to dis- solve Congress and order a new election, which he is to have the diseretion to do. If tho now Congress elected by the peoplo re- peats the voto of want of confidence, ho is thon obliged to resign. This is the whole of the scheme, except that the House of Repre- sentatives is to be elected onoo in three yenrs unless terminated sooner by dissolution. In the first place, the scheme proposes tho abolition of the Presidency, and so practical- ly invades the fundamental principle of our Government,—that of three co-ordinate branches, the Legislative, Executive, and Ju- diciary. It merges the Executive into the Legislative, for the Cabinet and its executive chief are to be the creatures of the House of Represontatives, ‘The Housa, therefore, bo- comes an anomalous sort of Junta to excr- ciso all tho functions of Government; for the appoiutinent of the Judiciary wonld naturally follow. he House of Reprosentatives would consequently cease to be a deliborative, law- making body, and become an intriguing and factious oligarchy, engrossed in cabals for the control of the spoils of Government, and chiefly engaged in dispensing p.ironage as rapidly as ono faction could oust theother. Itis no sauswer {to say that this is not the cave in Great Britain, Germany, or Italy, where the principle of a responsible Minis- try is in practical working. In England, and evory othor country - whore it prevails, there is a permanent head to the Government deriving his powers from some other source than the Legislature and having 4 fixed tenure of office, Such is tho Queen in England, the Emperor in Ger- many, andtho King in Italy. Upon this per- manent hend dovolves the duty of calling men to oflice and carrying out the will of the people ngs reflected by the popular branch of the Parliament. The Executive in all coun- tries. governed by a responsible Ministry fur- nishes the head which the Times-Bureou- County system lacks, It seems that the Speaker of the House, “or such other person not a member of the House 28 Congross may by Inw designate for that purpose,” shall be vested with the nomi- nating power, Ifthe Spenker exerciso this right, then the Honso will no longer choose a member to that position on account of his parliamentary experience or his fitness to preside, Tho contest for the place will be narrowed down to the flercest partisans on cithor side. Tho choice will bo made solely with reference to the nomination of the Exccutive and the Cabinet, and the control of the ofices, ‘Thus, in the present Congress, Butter, of Massachusetts, und Joun Youxo Beown, the Kentucky fire-eater, would probably be the most conspicuons candidates as best representing tho ultraiem of the two parties. If the nominating power were conferred upon somebody olso, who would that somebody else be? Would it bo the Chief-Justico of the Supreme Court, that the judiciary might thus be prostituted to the uses of politicians ¢ Or would it be somo loading politician chosen for the time-being from the faction in power? In either case, it would, of course, be a mere partisan movo- ment, The most absurd provision of the achemo, however, it that tho executive creature thus chosen by Congress shall dissolve Congress whenever tho two disagree, if he sees fit to do so, Thus the creature is made. superior to tho oreator, Whenever he is coufronted with the vote of o want of confidence, which would not be infrequent owing to the inevitable intrigues incident to the proposed system, he may summarily prorogue the Congress that elected him, aud put the country to tho enormous expense, aad excitement, and turmoil of a gen- eral olection, ‘Lhe recurrence of this con- dition would bo o periodival monaco to the peacoand welfare of the country, which is al- ready shaken to its very foundation by tho bitter partisan feeling that exists, and the frequent appeals to the excitement and cor. ruption of popular elections, This merging of the Executive into the Legislative functions, this undetermined power of calling tho Cabinet into existence, and this supremacy brings hopeless worth while ig to bo regretted that so serious and interest- ing a question should have had such rattle. brained treatmeut as tho Timea has given it; butit is perhaps better, on the wholo, that the discussion of it on its real merita should thus be postponed for tho present by the 7e- ductio ad absurdun of Mr, Henxon's proposl- Wo have a notion and @ hope that the Executive of this Govergment shall some day bo responsible to the majority soutiment without regard to pasty; but it must be brought about gradval- of the creature over the creator, the wholu question into such confusion that it is not to pursne tho subject further, It tion in the Ulinois Legislature. ly as tho outgrowth of n aorics of reforms reaching up to that ond. ‘Tho absurd aceph- alous system will probably nover get beyond the * Committee of the Whole” in the Ilti- nois Legislature, to which it has been re- ferred. —_—_—_ BISHOP DE KOVEN. For the second time the Dioceso of Mlinois has elected a Bishop, The Rev. Dr. Brymoun declined to allow his name to bo used again, on account of his treatment by the General Convention when his election was submitted to it for ratification or rejection and rejection was the result, ‘Tho clorgy of the Diocese elected Dr, Dx Koven on the first Dallot, and gave him n larger voto on tho second, anda still larger onthe third, The lay delegates took three ballots before comiug tonny decision. Finally, less stubborn than the Wisconsin laymen, who forced tho clergy .to abandon their nomination of this snine man, they ratified the clergy’s action by 31 to 28 votes, Dr. De Koven ia a man of broad culture and, spotless character, His energy appears from his work, Whilo ho is the peer of the Inte Bishop in intellect and is in {nil sympathy with his High Church viows, he will probably prove to be better fitted to deal with op- ponents, to concilinto enemies, and make friends, than his able predecessor was, Equal- ly fortiter in ve, he is moro aunviter in modo, llis rejection by the Wisconsin Inity and his bare acceptance by the laity of Illinois will doubtless induce him to spare no pains to show that he is not the fire-brand some have thought him. At the same time, he will not conceal his views. Indeed, it is, perhaps, on account of his manly statement of what he does and docs not believe that he has won his new honor, His straightfor- wardness has commanded the respect of men who did not agreo with him. He has seomed to say: ‘Voto for me with your eycs open ; Thbelieve so-and-so; I will not be silent, will not sham indifference, will not disguiso my creed, to be Bishop of Illinois or anything else.” This isa High Church Diocese. It is fitting, then, that its head should bes High Churchman, When it has been said that Dr. Dr Koven is this sort of man, all the charges against him have been summed up, No ono has opposed him on any other grounds, It iy not probable that ho will try to force the different parishes to adopt his ideas of Epis- copal ceremonial, His common sense would prevent this, even if the danger of a bolt by refractory congregations into the open arins | of Bishop Ciresry did not exist. On the whole, the Bishop-elect is probably tho best man who could have been chosen. He is 0 scholar, a gentleman, a “man of affairs,” en- ergetic, able, and courteous,—and ho has enough money of his own to eke out the meagre salary which tho wealthy Diocese of Ilinois paysto its Bisho; ‘ WHOLESALE SMUGGLING. The New York ulletin haa wnenrthed a chapter in American commerce which reflects small credit on Now York importers and United States customs officials. It seems that for a series of yenrs the science of smuggling has beon sedulonsly pnt into prac- tice to the great loss of revenue by the coun- try and a corraxponding gain by dishonest officials and knavish merchants. What shall be thought of the honesty of a merchant of the standing of H. B, Cartan who tells a reporter that his house has bought and sold smuggled silks, knowing them to be smuggled; that it bas done so ‘on tho advice of a revenue official”; nnd what shall bo thonght of the statement that ‘all large dry-goods houses" are forced by competition to such dishonest dealing? This audacious statement will do much to check popultr sympathy for Onar- uy & Co.’s financial embarassments. It casta suspicion, too, upon Puerrs, Dopvar & Co,’s completo innocence in tho late famous case against them. For if H. B, Crarum & Co, deliberately cheat the Government and avow that this is the common practice of the other great houses in thoir trade, tho heavy firms of other trades are apt to be in the same boat, Tho Bulletin knows of the existence of a regularly organized company for smuggling goods into America. Its headquarters aro at London and it is financially sound, This concern, or some other like it, has offered to deliver silks in the stores of New York im- porters at only 16 per cont above the cost of the goods in Europe, plus tho froight and in- surance charges, The duty isG0 percent. This ofr, therefore, amounts to saying that goods can be smuggled, at a profit to the smugglers, for one-fourth of the duty. So sure of suc. cess are the rogues that they will agree to take pay for tho wares only on delivery. An importer just returned from Europe informs tho Bulletin that one of his French agents hes been approached by a man who offered to smuggle all his shipments of ribbons into New York for 60 per cont of the duty. Rib- bons are more bulky than sill, and thorefore the percentage demanded is highor. In this case, tho smuggler offored to give a good | bond for the whole value of each invoice, tho bond to be discharged only upon the safe de- livery of the goods! It has long boon known that falso descrip. tions and valuations were often registered at the Custom-House, ond that tourists, real or pretended, smuggled a great deal past the sleepy Cerborus of the Custom- Tonse. Several cases of silks, entered as hoaiofy, have just been seized at Hoboken. ‘The tourist fraud is patent. A Government. Inapector with a gold sovereign in his hand is the blindest being in this world. ‘The’ amount smugglod by Americans returning from Europe is estimated at from $20,000,000 to 930,000,000 year, It has not hitherto Loen known, however, that leading importera systematically dealt in smuggled goods and paid men to violnte the tariff laws. ‘Wo have heard careful merchants,” declares the Bulletin, ‘say that, in their opinion, for the past ten years tho foreign dry goods which have come into this country and have not paid duties have been of as great value as those which have; they, of course, in- clude the goody brought in by passen- gers nominally as baggage.” Whon any- thing is smuggled, os general rule, some customs officials are bribed. Tho 15 per cent premium charged by the silk-smugglers must ho divided between thom and some. body or somebodios in the customs service, One man cannot easily cheat tha Govern. ment, Half-u-dozen mon, two or three of whom are hired by the Government, oan cheat it with ease, Is has beou claimed that this outbreak of kuavory is due to the repeal of the “‘moioty” law, but the Bulletin explodes this by show. ing that ‘' propositions to put fine dress goods and silks in Now York for o percontage of the proper duty wero made.as far back as 1865," It is doubtful whether this evil can be oured by anything short of a decided reduotion in qhé dutien, Mara tigorous ingpgotion will do somothing, Taking the New York Custom- Houso ont of politics and putting it into its legitimate sphoro will do more, But so long as on onormous duty puts An enormous prominm on smuggling, so long will snuggling goon. All ovorweiphty taxa- tion defeats Ita own onds, ‘The two-dollar taxon whisky yielded us less revenue than the 70-cont tax does now, While tho former was in force, whisky was sold in open markot. for much less than the tax on it alone, Wo quote and indorse these conclusions of the Bulletin: ‘We should recommend such a reduction in the du- ties n4 would loavo no margin of profit, taking into conalderation the riaks involved, in violating the law, In the matter of silks, a reduction of one-half the duty now 60 per cent, would, it 1s believed, make amugglin a0 unprofitable that {t would, from the moat (ntluontia! of motives with tho class which engago in it—self-in- terent—be abandoned, In that care, all the silks which come to this country would pay ditler, and wo beliove the revenne receipts from thin elaza of goods would be larger than they aro now, THE IRREPRESSIBLE INDIAN. The Board of Indian Commissioners has submitted its sixth annual report, which con. tains some points of general interest, Somo time ago, the two Agencies ‘allotted tothe Sioux wero removed into the interior of the Sioux country, 100 miles from any military post. ‘This was done to soothe tho dear Indians, to convince them that forca was notto be used against them, to train them practically in the law of love. Tho un- godly savages, however, went to stealing and sealping as soon og they were gathered nt the Agencies and apart from tho soldiory. ‘They sinned with such vigor thnt a general war was imminent, A small army had to be sent up to keep the peace. The experiment failed. Another experiment has failed. A fow at- tempts have been made to enforce the trea- ties by which the Sioux, Kiowas, Comanches, aud other tribes agreed to compel all their children to be educated at the Government schools, The Indians, having got their sub- sidfes, have broken their promises. These stipulations in the treaties, like some others, have beon suffered to become dead letters. Common sense would seem to suggest stép- ping the subsidies until the savages keep faith, This docs not seem to have oceurred to the Commissioners. Our regret at henring that 75,000 Indians are entirely supported by the Government and do nothing for themselves is mitigated by the added fact that the result of this lazy life has been a great increaso of dyspepsia and kindred disenses, and a marked loss of strength. If the Indian can bo killed by kindnoss, let us coddle him to the utmost. The experiment of local self-government in tho Indian ‘Territory has been a failure. Tho Inwa are not enforced, and tho country swarms with banditti, ‘The Commis- sioners recoximend a ‘ferritorial Government on the general plan of the others, the estab- lishment of United States Courts, aud the cre- ation of 8 constabulary force thare and in fact among the wild tribes, It bas hitherto been supposed that the Territorial-Govern- ment iden covered a multitude of railroad grabs nnd other steals and sins, ‘We trust the Board hay not recommended 4 bad pro- ject. Thero is a bright sido to the picture. Tho Board claims that the schools are doing great good; that the charactor of the Agents has improved ; that the Indians of the Pacific Slope are beginning to work so well that thoy do not need their annuities any longur ; that supplies are now bought more cheap'y ; and that the missionaries are civilizing their con- verts with gratifying rapidity. SHALL CONGRESS INCREASE THE TAXES P ‘The propositions before Congress .for the levy of additional taxes on the country, to which we have slready referred, cannot be too strongly condemned. There is no real necessity for them. ‘he Secretary of the Treasury insists upon having $31,000,000 to put into the sinking fund, notwithstauding the Treasury is $180,000,000 in advance of the reqmred payment of the public debt, The proposition to levy increased taxes by tariff to produce that sum will not meet the approval of the country. Expecially is this ‘objectionable when Congress has a sovereign romedy for any deficiency in tho revenue, Tho fiscal yoar 1874 covered nine months of the “panic,” and yot, at the close of the year, thore was n siqnll surplus revenue after purchasing ovdd twelvo millions of dollars of the public deb® B ‘The Seorctary in his annual report last December stated that for tho first three months of the present fiscal yonr tho receipts of revenue wero $79,431,018, and he esti- mated that the total receipts for the year ending June 80, 1875, would be 284,818,286, and the expouses, including interest on the dobt, would bo 1275,315,489,—a surplus of over $9,000,000. He ostimated that for the year ending June 80, 1876, tho receipts would be $293,000,000, and the expenditures, $272,- 000,000,—a surplus of $20,000,000. Fis esti- mate for ordinary oxpenditures exclusive of interest was $174,000,000, 'fhis Congress has to make the approprintions for the next year, ‘Chey can make them $190,000,000, or they cnn reduce them to 160,000,000, Ev- ery dollar not appropriated increases the sur- plus revenue, Every dollar appropriated re- ducos that surplus, Shall Congress increase the expenditureg to consiime the surplus, or shall it reduce expenditures and increase the surplus ? Congress is urged to inorease the revenue by an increase of the taxon imports, Let us seo how this is likely tooperntey, Suppose this Congress alall levy an additional tax of 10 per cont on all imports, The mounent that law ie sure to pass, orders will bo sent abroad, and, in twenty or thirty deys following, there will be entered an entire year's supply of im- potts which will be put in warehouse, and bo subject only to the present duty. The act will therefore be a failure as a gourco of ad- ditional revenue, but from the dute of the act the people of the country will bo subject to ‘an increased tax of 10 per cont onall tho commodities cntoring into domestic uso, whether imported or not. The peoplo of the country will pay an increased cost of from one to two hundred .nillions for their goods, and the Government will not geta cant of increased revenue, Ono of tho first nots of the next Congrosa will bo to repeat this increased taxation, aud the result will be that the Republican party will have the odium of having taxed the peo- plo oppressively and not added o dollar to the public ravenue, It ia idle to assume that tho next Senate will havea Republican majority that will check the Democratic House, and dofeat nny repeal of taxes. We do not un- derstand that tho next Senate will be able to defeat the repeal of any unnocossary and op. pressive tax; on the contrary, backed by the approval of the people, that body, owing to tho changes made in it, will xnstain the House in gotting rid of all such taxes, and in reducing taxation to a revenue basis exclu. aively, ‘What hae the Republican party to gain by voting these increased taxes? Aa wo SSE havo shown, thera will bo ample roy. ento this year and the next for all actually necessary purposes, except tho sentimontal reduction of the debt by tho sinking fund; that to increase the tarig du ties will not jucrense the revenue durin the. yenr elapsing between tho passage of the Inw | aud its repeal by the next Congress; {hat the | only offect will be to add largely to tho lint of everything purchased by the people without yielding a dollar of increased revenne to the Troasury. Why should the Republican par assutne the odium of a measure so barren ot results ? Let the Republicans close up the legitimate business of the session and adjonrn, Let them reduce tho expenditures to within the ascertained income of the Government, and leave to their Democratic successors the tak of patehingtho roveuttclaws. The Lest thing tho Republicans of this Congress can do ig to reduce the expenditures so low thnt the Den, crats caunot find room for reproach, and will be compelled to adhere to tho samo ecchom, t ical standard, ‘There has been a singular mortality amon public mnen during the Inst conple of months, a Death has overtaken ono United States Seng. tor, three members of the present Congress, and four members-clect of the next Congres, Senator Bucuinonax, of Conuecticut, is th latest victim. He had a long term of public service ; ho waseight years Governor of (on, necticut, and his six years’ term os Unite States Sonntor expiros the 4th of March nat, Mr. Eaton had already been elected to sa. ceed him, and will probably be appointed ts serve out the present unexpired term. Among members of the present House of Represay * atives, Messrs, Jorn B, Rice, of Iincis, Anvau Croczer, of Massachusetts, und Siy, ve. F, Hensry, of Mnine, have died sing Congress convened. ‘Iho first two had giver away for the next Congress to successor jy the Opposition ; Mr. Hxnsey was re-cleetet Of the members-clect of the next Congres, loosides Mr. Hensry, Joun W. Trap, of Ten cnesseo, Gannett MeMinien, of Georgia, a): Avaustus I, Annex, of New York, have die since they were olected last November. Thy were all Democrats, and their places will w, questionably be filled with Democrats, Thy vacancy caused by Mr. Hean's death hy / already been filled by the unanimons choise of a Demoerat; Mr. McMinnes’s place wil 2 probably be supplied by the election of Ge: Bens. F, Hitx, ex-Confederate General; 3 itis thought that Mr. Fenrox, now Units < States Senator frém New York, whose tera expires March 4, will bo elected to the Hou in the District which returnod Mr. Aut, Already another member-clect of the ney Congress, Col. C. H. Joyce, of Vermont, i :\ reported to be dangerously ill, It may & noted in this connection that ono memberd tho Nebraska Legislature, one member of the +» Maino Legislature, and five members of te °i Pennsylvania Legislature, have died sings th Legislatures convened; in tho last case den almost jeopardized tho Democratic maj in the Pennsylvania Legislature. ‘Tho breaking-up of the Saratoga combin. tion, by which the rnilronds were joi bound to intrust the regulation of the: freight tariffs toa Board of Commissioner, was a matter generally anticipated. The pe sistent refyenl of the Baltimore & Ohio Its | road to enter into so unfair a combinatia » against the West rendered it practically & |: operative from the moment the Daltimored * Ohio Railroad was completed to Chicago. L ! was the power and influence of Commodn Vanpenuitt which kept it together at all, sci { he oxerted this power until he could comple his own arrangements for competing wid ! the other railroads with superior advantagesa / his side, Havihg attnined this conditia ’s now, he allows the Saratoga combination + fall to pieces. He has four tracks aot bi command,—two for freight and two for senger traffic,—nnd all in ox cellont conditi.. Combination with other roads is now » longer of any uso to him, and so he sels his tomahawk ond puts on his war-pat 4 ‘The Erie and Pennsylvania Central may x0t take caro of themselves as best they can, It is independent, can run 4 train every fist minutes if he desires, and can put dow freights to cost if it becomos necessary. ‘Ih't ia the best reason of the collapse of tht Saratoga combination. ‘A NEW GALENDAR, A bill has recently been introduced into Co gress by the Hop. Ext H. Ropents, of Ne York, the objact of which is to “reform" WW « calendar yogr, by maling it begin at tho timed! tho wibter solstice, instead of more than ¢} wook after that epoch, as now. ‘Tho reasonss vanced for tho proposed change aro that “ variations of the seasons and the relatio! ¢ the antire year to the earth's orbit aro intelyt ble only by noting tho aun's positions aaat the? |! points, or at greater or lesser distauces {03 them,” and that ‘great advantages would sec)»: to Christendom from having the year comm? atone of itacardinal points, and divided itt) quarters by the others”; algo, that ‘an it provomonut of this kind 49 ospecially demands! ‘by tho grand progress of science in ovory dept ment of inquiry.” Inasmuch as these ‘rengons” are atmos too puerile tobe worthy of serious notice, itisde youtly to be hoped that tho bill will uot pags; “% at least, that if Congress In its assombled ** dom should decide to. make the change, the p" tion of tho preamble-which is above qd should be radically changed. Tho genoral variations of tho goasone are tainly rofernble to the change of the stb postion with respoct to tho equinoxes * & wolsticas, but those changos uro just avert]; roforred to the twenticth or twouty-firet dye! the month a8 to the first or the last. But the would be tho porions digadyantage, under tt “‘roformed" calendar, that the: necessary ur polations of one day in leap 3% would rondor it exceedingly difilcull . make the solatice always fall on thé i day of the year at any oue place, while u months must be ditforontly arranged to 4 * the olher quarters ulwo begin on a firat day. + astronomical autumn and wiutor quarters + shorter thau the other two, owing to the © ‘a ticity of the earth’s orbit, and we abould a to give thirty duya each to Ootober, Novowt i Decembor, January, February, March, and Ar" and thirty-one days to each of thu rast, Wo 2 to make an spproximation to the exactues ™ is alloged to be bo dosirable. ould ; Wo fail to porceive any advantages that ¥ if acorue to form even a partial wffsot 1 trouble which would be Invalyad in tle prom change, About the ouly one advantage © fa Christoudom could derive would be thi i salute’ days would be brought a little nea the pointy at which some pooplo may # ought to occur, ort The present catondar year has really & ul: | philosophical begianing than the ono i F: On the Int of Juuuary tho earth iv vory neeb § perihelion, or at that poiut in ber orvit ¥! ibs uearest tothe sun. And who returns 19 dso point in oxectly the anime number of pe time in any two revolutions. ‘This ia the veal? clistio year, which ialovariable, Tho owes year, ou the contrary, is at present or ra abortor, It will continue to decreaso for bie j centuries to some, end will thea facressh a trie that the qusntity of this change 1s bo