Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 18, 1875, Page 4

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY, JANUARY 18, 1876. ——————————— oon ete TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATEA OF RUNACRIPTION (PATAD! Postage repaid nt $13.00 | func G.50 | Weel Parte of a yenr at tho name rate. To prerent delay and mintekes, be snr and give Post. Office sddresa in fnil, including Ktate and County. Renilitancesmay bemade althor hy draft, express, Post~ ‘Onice order, or in registered letters, at our risk, ‘TRRME TO CITY BUBKCRINENS. Daily, detivered, Sunday excented, 25 centa per wooke ‘Valls, delivered, Sonday included, 30 conte per wok: Address THR TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn- Chicago, 1. TH ADVANCE). TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. MVICKER'S THRATRE—Siedienn atreat, etwnan Drarhorn and State. , Eexagement of the ‘Strakorch Opara-Troupo, **La' Traviata,” ACADEMY OF MUSIC~ Halsted etreet, between Mad- fa'nand Monroe, Hugagement of John MeCullough. “Vireinive.” ONHICANO MUSKUM—Monro stroet, betwoen Dear- born and State, '*Threo Years ins Man-Trap.” GRAND OPRRA.t0U: oppaetto Sherman Mouse. Kelly a1 » The ‘Crimson Bearf; oF, Tho Council HOOLRY'S THEATRE—Randolph street, between Olarkand LaSalle. ‘Magnolia,’ ADELPHI THEATE roe, Variety entortainin INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. arborn atreot, corner Sfon- E—City, Gubarhan, and Country Ren} rites eo Habis Aanted to oats Meiness mont, Railroad Tim: javigution, The Chicago Tribune. Mondsy Morning, January 18, 1875. Tho Legislature of Dakota last week passed » bill over the Governor's veto, appropriating 25,000 for the rolief of sufferers by the grasshopper-plague, ‘The bill proposes to issue bonds at 20 cents on the doller to the Amount nained, Tho Governor's reasons for vetoing it will commend theisclves to the public generally, He says that tho credit of tho Territory will not bear the strain of an issue of bouds, and that the exigency is not 60 great as to warrant n sacrifice of crodit. Vieo-Prosident Witsox has written a let- ter to the Springfield Repudlican, maintain- ing that the Republican party is not dead, Tho argument is an easy ono to.carry out; and it would not be worth the Vice-Presi- dont’s time to present it, if he had not previously been quoted by tho Republican as having said the party was dead, It would ba an easy thing, too, wo faucy, to show that the Springfield Jtepublican is dead in tres- passes and sin, and especially dead to tho use of exact statements of individual opin- ions, Seven ont of tho sight army Engincers lately nppointod to exumiue the mouth of the Mississippi, and decide what plan will be most. effectual in clearing it of obstructions to navigation, have agreed to recommend tho jetty system suggested by Capt. Eaps, of St. Louis, Tho one enginecr who doos nat coin- sido in the general opinion will offer a minority report, ndvising the com- pletion of the Fort St. Phillip Canal. It is not so much n question in the minds of the people of the Mississippi Valley how the im- provement of the river shall be accomplished 4s whother it shall be done at all. There is tha grentest concern on all hands that tho Government should undertake the work in pune way or another; and any way that may seem to competent engincers to be good will not be wancceptable to tho people at large. Tho first “tentative computation,” as the dispatches say, of tho data obtained in the recent observations of the transit of Venus, have been mado at Greenwich Ob- scrvatory, and the results have bene worked up by on American news- paper and its special astronomical reporter in.a startling fashion. It must be premised, before the awful story gains gen- eral circulation, that the data at present used are very inexact, and remuin to bo verified by photographic and micromotrio results, What the newspaper astronomer says is that the earth is traveling towards the sun much faster than anybody supposed ; that wo are now between 8,000,000 and 7,000,000 miles nearer the sun than at the time of tho last transit observation ; that, at tho present rato of progress, the earth would tumble into the sun in 1,440 years ; aud that, by the law of accelerated motion, the end will come long before 1,000 years have passed. It may be some consolation for thnid people to reflect that the question, in any aspoct, is purcly scientific, Woe print this morning the views of several of our leading bankers in regard to the effect of the now Finance bill on tho National Bank circulation. Thoy all secm to agree materially in tho bolief that it will rather contract than expand the circulation of the National Bank notes, sinco it will be more profitable, while bonds oro at the present high premiom, to withdrnw them from deposit in guaranty of circulation, and sell them of. Wo imaginc that this is one of the things that will regulate itself, Whilo there will ‘bo a tendency on the part of somo of the National Banks to contract their currency, new banks will be started through- out the country which will add somo- what to the amount. It is said that the Comptroller of the Currency has already received applications for $1,000,000 of new currency’ under the new law, and Eastern cap- italists claim that $5,000,000 will he invested in bank circulation in Now York and Now En- gland atone, Moreover, the very withdrawal sud swe of any largo amount of bonds, with B cornesponding contraction in the amount of wurreocy thereby retired, will reduce the present premium on bonds toa figure whero it wid no longer bo desirable to sell them off, ‘but -more profitable to issue currency, In this regard the law seems to be adwirablo, alle wing the National Bank circulation to rog,ulate itsclé according to the necessities Bud demands of tho business of tho country. Tho Chicago produce markets wero irrogu- Yar on Saturday. Mess pork was activo, and 27 1-2@800 per brl lower, closing at $18.25 cosh, and §18,821-2@18,.35 for February. Lard was less active, and 2 1-2@8c por 100 Ibe lower, closing steady at 318,37 1-2@18.40 cash, and $13.45 for February, Meaty were more active and 1-80 per lb lower, at 6 1-40 for shoulders; 9140 for short ribs; and 96-80 for short clears, Dressed hogs wero active, and 10@16c per 100 lbs higher, at $7.45@8.00. Highwines wero moderately active and steady, at 940 per gallon. Flour was dull aud weok, Wheat was in fair de- mond and steady, closing strong at 80 1-80 ensh, and 89 6-40 for Febraary. Com was rather quiet and firm, closing at 66 1-40 cash, and 728-80 for May. Onts wera quiet and 1-40 lower, closing at 59 1-20 cash, and 64 8-40 asked for February, Rye was quiet and Grmer, at 07@97 1-20, Barley was dull and ensior, closing at $1.26 ensh, and &1,2 Fobrunry. Hogs were dnil and en al $5,50@7.20,—principally at 6, Cattle were quict and unchanged. Sheep were fairly activo at fir prices, Mr. Janes Panton, tho famous writer of biographies, lectured on “Our Scandalous Volitics,” with which ho has fora long timo had an intimate acquaintance, yesterday afternoon, before the Sunday Afternoon Lee- turo Society. The lecture was an amusing, and at tho same time acute, analysis of the tendencies of our politics. Mr, Danron'a knowledge of American public life, acquired by the study of its history for the materinls of his biographieal works, makes him particularly fit to treat this subject. A report of the lec. ture, which does it scant justice, will be found elsewhere in this paper. Mr. Panton, it will be observed, docs not think our politics ara so scandalous as they have heen cried up to be. Me utterly scouts the opinion, which has been entertained by a certain class of peoplo from tho foundation of onr Government, that the United States are going to tha dovil as fast ns they conveniently can, We aro glad to see that back-pay, and Credit Mobilier, and Pacific Mail, and all the ugly jobs of Into years combined, have not ovailed to shake the faith of Mr. Panton and tho closs of men “with no nonsense about them,” for whom and to whom ho speaks. in the essen- tial soundness of our institutions. At the same time, we shonld like to have these peo- ple dismiss the notion that public life at Washington is tolerably pure, and that tho stories of corruption there aro all invented by the newspapers out of pure malice and love of sensation. THE “GIGANTIC FRAUD’ IN LOUISIANA, ‘There can be no longer eny question as to the facts of the occurrenco at New Orleans on the 4th of January, ‘Ihe attempted rovo- lution by the Democrats, aided at first by tho interference of tho military upon their invita- tion, was frustrated in the eud by tho like in- terference upon the request of the Governor and the Republicans of tho Legislature. ‘Tho whole country has settled down to the con- vietion, so forcibly stated by the President, that, while interference by tho General Gov- ernment in n case not involving rebellion or insurrection ought not to bo permitted or justified, still there wera ‘ circumstances connected with the lato legislative imbroglio in Louisiana which seem to exempt the mili- tary froin any intentional wrong in the mat- ter.” ‘That special matter disposed of, thero re- mains, however, the ghastly spectacle of a State Government in Louisiana which ex- ists from hour to hour only by the force of Federal bayonets. What ia this State Gov- ernuent, and how did it originate? In 1872 there was an election for Presidential Elect- ors, Governor, and Stato officers and Legisla- ture, in that State. Hoth parties claimed to have elected their tickot. Congress, in Feb- ruary following, refused to count the elector- al vote of the State, The existing Governor of that Stats was deposed by a Legislatura in- stallet in office by Faderal troops, acting un- der the authority of su order by a Judge of tho Federal Court of New Orloans, Under the same authority, what is enlled the “ Enz. 10@ State Governtuctit” was declared elect- ed, ‘tho Senato of the United States re. ferred this matter to a Committee of seven Sonators, all of whom were ackaowledged Republicavs except Mr. Tromponn, That Committee, after a thorough investigation, made a report in February, 1873. They find that the Kerzoaa Government was “ counted in" by a Board of Canvassors, of whom the Committeo say > Thero ix nothing in all the comedy of blunders and frands nuder consideration more indefoneivle than the pretended canvses of thia Board... ‘Tho testl- mony abundantly establishes the fraudutent charactor oftuoir canvusa, .. Tt in quite unnecessary to waste time in conailering this part of the case; for no per- eon cun exunine tue testiiuony ever go curturily with out seeing that this protonded conyass had uo seme i ef integrity, . . But for the interference of Dunner in the matter of thiv Stuto electlon,—a wholly beyond his Jurisdiction,tha MoEWEnY Government’ would to-duy Lave Leen the de facto Gov- ormswut of the State, Jridye DoneL.t intecposud the army of tho United Btates between the people of Louigiina and the ouly Goyernranat which bas tho vemUlsoco of regularity, aud the result of this las Koen to eatulieh the KeLLoug Government, so fur as that Stale now baa any Goverument, . 4°. Your Commnites ure led to tho voactuston that, if the eioce tion held in Noverntor, 1472, be nut absolutely void for frauds commited therein, Me¥uny snd bis auso- ciates .. onght to be recognized as the legal Guv- erunicnt of the otate, ‘tho Committeo therefore investigate whether there was fraud, and say : And, although we cannot approve of auch s canvass aa that made by the Lynch Board, who soem to havo acted upon the principle of “ fighting the Devil with fire," aud creumventing fraud by fraud, and canuot say thut Kentoaa's Government was elected, never- thetess wo believe that Krrtoga's Goverunient was defentod, und the populur volco reversed, by the fraud~ ‘uleut manipulation of the election, ‘The Committee concluded “that there is no Stete Government at presont oxisting in the Stato of Louisiana,” and reportod a bill providing for n new election in the State. ‘This report was signed by Senators Canprn- ten, of Wisconsin ; Logan, of Ilinoia; An- ‘tnony, of Rhode Island; Acorn, of Missis- aippi,~-oll Republicans, Judge Truxpotn agreed with the facts stated, but insisted that tho MoEweny Government should be recog- nized. My, Monroy, Nhitedenouincing Tudgo Dunety’s high-handed action, denied the right of Congress to interfore by ordering a now election, etc. As to the election, he said: ‘Without concurring in the opinfon that the olection was yold, Tentortain no doubt that If was an orgen- {zed fraud of tho largest dimenstona, Mr. Josuva Hitt, of Georgin, a Republic. an, conceding the accuracy of the state- ments by the majority of the Committee, op- posed the remedy proposed. Here, then, we have the solemn judgment of Senators Canrenten, Logan, ANTONY, Morroy, Atcony, and Tin1, atl Republicans, as to the frnudulent charncter of the elec. tion, and a solemn declaration by Moxsrs, Logan, Canrenten, AytHony, and ALcony, that, if that election was not void by reason of fraud, the MoLinrry and not tho Kerroua Government was the true Government of the State, Inthe Presidont’s special men. sage to Congress on Thursday last, he de- claroa that in his judgmont that clection of 1872 was a * gigantic fraud,” and the Special Sub-Counnittee of the House, in their report made the same day through Messrs, Puztre, of New Jersey, and Fosrer, of Ohio, who aro among the most ablo and sterling Republic. ans of that body, also declared that election a “gigautic fraud.” So glaring was Dureti's conduct, that Republican Committees of the Houso propared articles of impeachment against him, and he only escaped by resign- ing. ‘The conourrent testimony of tho Re- publican Committoes of the Renate, aud of tha Houxo, and of tho President, is, that tho election of 1872 was o ‘' ;:igantic fraud.” Congress, by its non-cciion, has forced the President to maintain this de facto Govern. ment by military force, ‘The people of Louisiana and of the coantry Lavo long since accepted as the true judgment that Kxxtoaa was never electad, aud was installed in office by an illegal order of Court and the use of Federal anns. As a consequence, that Govern. ment has nover had the moral support of any person or party, The President sends troops H there to suppress domestic violence, and, while surrounded by bayoncta, the Govern- ment is valiant; the moment the troops retire, the Government tumbles oyor, the Governor and ofticera run away, and the troops have to be sent back. It is conceded. hy oll that the Kri.oca Government could not stand an honr without national troops. It has no followera save officials ; 1t has no hold on the respeet or confidence of any ons, be- cause it is tainted with the original frand and usurpation by which it was forced into power. Now comes tho election of 1874. Here wo havo the deliberate judgment of Messrs. Puewrs and Foster, whose personal integrity and whose Republicanism aro beyond all question, that tho election of 1874 resulted in the election of n Democratic majority in tho Houso of Representatives of the State Legis- lature ; that the Returning Board had acted unfairly and unjustly in altering the returns; in declaring men elected who were never elected, and in excluding those who were elected, It must bo borne in mind that this is Republican testimony,—not the testimony of partisans, and members of the various fac- tions in New Orleans, but of respectable and honored Republicans, who have given their judgment like honest judges. Asinglo illustration furnished by tho ro- port of the Returning Board confirms this view of the case. The returns made by the election officers for Congress and for Stato 'frensurer, and the same returns as ‘ correct. ed" by the State Board, show the following results : ORIGINAL RETURNS, ||COMRECTED RETURNS, Rep, | Dem, Rep. | Dem, Congresa, G 907 ‘Treasurer, 262 1% Oo 'Tho Republican candidate for Treasurer was acolored man, ‘The State Hoard con- cede by their officiat report a Democratic ma- jority of 4,162 for Congress, and claim a Re- publican State Treasurer by 961, and o Re. publican Legislature, Now, the Democrats mainly sought tho olection of the members of tho Legislature; to that they devoted their whole strength. Yet the Returning Board, conceding that the Democrats had carried tho State by over 4,000 majority for Congress, counted out a Democratic majority, which had unquestionably been elected,in the Legis- lature, It is aremarkable fact that in a largo majority oi cases the votes of parishes or counties, and of precincts, were rejected, not because of intimidation, as is now alleged, but because of informalities in tho returns, thus giving to the mistakes of 8 returning officer the force of defenting tha popular will, and tending to produce violence and disorder. We respectfully submit to the Republicans in Congress and out of it, that the party can- not carry Kettoca and his faction any longer ; to do that is to put the party in the position of carrying a “gigantic fraud,” as the President declares it to bo, two years longer, and doing this by the employment of the army. ‘The Republican record on this subject is too stroug and overwhelming. Thore is the recorded ovidence and solemn jadmont of Joun A, Logan, M, H. Canpen- in, Henny B, Antuony, J. J. Atcony, and Josuva Hin, that, unless theelection of 1872 was void because of fraud, McEnrny was tho legally-clected Governor of Louisiana, and that thet election was void. Mr. Mon- ‘ox's judgment was that the clection was a fraud, and the President now, after two years' consideration of tho caso, declares it to havo been a “gigantic fraud,” in which opinion Mr, Posren and Mr. Pururs now concur. The Republican party cannot go back of this record made by its own most eminent lend- ers, It cannot uphold that gigantio fraud by foreo, The country will not sanction any auch proceeding, supplomented as it now is, according to Mr, Porurs and Mr. Fosrrr, by a hardly less atrocious fraud in declaring the result of the clection in 1874, ‘The Republican party has already suffered from tho cdium attaching to the Louisiana business far more than the party possession of that State can ever be worth to it. Tho prosent Congress will bo adjourned within six weoks, to be succeeded by a Congress whova popular branch will be overwhelmingly Demo- cratic for two yeara, We submit to Ropub- lican members that thoy cannot afford to ad- journ and lonve the ‘gigantic Kextoaa fraud" on the hands of the President to be upheld by I’ederal bayonets for two years longer, and make that an issuo in the next Presidential election. This “gigantic fraud” must bo got rid of in somo way satisfactory to tho sense of right and justice of the people. The President insists that this Congress shall solve the problem of giving the people of Louisiana o Governor of their own frea choice, and the mombers of the Republican party indorse this demand. Neither hot- headed counsels nor the game of bluff will answer the purpose, . PLANTATION MANNERS, The most disgusting spectacle which has yet been presented in connection with the debate in the Senate upon the Louisiana question, is that of Senator Savussuny, rep- resenting tho little ‘rotten borough” of Delaware, rising in his seat in Congross and uttering what he knew to be a falso and senseless rumor, following it up with a dis. play of plantation manners which has not had an equal in vulgarity since the days of ante-bellum legislation, Senator Tnonman had proviously characterized the utterance of somewhat similar rumor from the Repub- lican benches os ‘an airy bubble in an ompty head,” but hero was an airior bubble in an omptier head, into which it is a little remarkablo Senator ‘Tuomsan did not stick a pin, oven if it did soar up from Democratic benches, If this ‘rotten borough" Senator ever heard the rumor that the Republican party was to take mili- tary posscasion of five Southern States and force them to vote for a Republican Presi- dent in the noxt election, he know it was a falschood. If any one told him such an absurd story, his informant knew it was a falsehood, Tn making the statement, he not only did not believe it himself, but he knew that no intel. ligent person believed it. The statoment, therefore, was simply a piece of gratuitous impudence and political humbug, unworthy of award bummer. After having delivered himself of it, and having received a morited rebule from Senator Conxzixa, of the Em- pire State, the rotton borough Senator then mado a display of his plantation manners for the edification of tho Senate in a atyle which would not have done discredit to King Bombastes himself after he had put hia boots in place. Either Mr. Savispuny did or ‘did not believe the statoment he made. If he believed it, ho is an ignoram- us, or something worae. If he did not be- love it, his rebuke was timely, as the state. ment was not only offensive and indecent, but on insult to the motives of the Republic. an party and to the intelligence of the Sen. ote, There was nothing in the situation to warrant his bombastic, splenstio, arrogant, aud absurd oxhibition of cheap chivalry and. Robadilian bravado—nn exhibition which is specially offensive in a Senator who ropro- sents abont an omnibns-load of conatituonts, It may be, however, that this ia a sample af the manners which will characterizo tho forthcoming mnjority in Congress, and that the old Democratic fashion of bluster, brava- do, and braggndocio ts about to be inaugu- rated again, If go, Delaware may congratu- Jatu herself upon being well represented in that direction, if in noother. ‘Tho ‘eyas of the whole nation aro upon her.” POST-OFFICE REFORM, Postmnster-General Jrwenu has beon ask- ing a lot of Now England officials questions which they find it dificult to answer. ‘Tho Postmaster at Westerly, 8. L, is really una- ble to say why he should get 23,100 a year for discharging the not mut.farious duties of his office, ‘he Postmaster at Norwich, Conn., gives up the conundrum: ‘ Why are you paid as much as the Postmaster at Chi- engo?” There is s West Kellingly in tho Woodon-Nutmeg State, we aro surprised to lenrn. We aro also surprised to lenrn that its Postmaster gets $2,100-a year, 'Uhero is, perhaps, a little, just a little, more work dono in the Chicago Post-OMfice than in that of Pawtucket, R, 1, but the salnrics paid tho chicfs of the two fail to indicate the fact. Both get $4,000. A table of Postmnsters’ salaries in nine Now England cities has been published, They show an average increnso, since 1867, of about 110 per cont, Wo ap- pond the li: Norwiek, Conn, New London Putnam, Con West Killingly, Webster, Mara, Woonsocket, It. T. Pawtucket, 2,000 to 4,000 Central Pails, ‘620 to 1,800 Westerly, 2. 1. 3}100 Totals... $27,200 This tablo furnishes about as much food for thought as the salaries represented on it do food for Postmasters, ‘Tho prices of about overything excopt Postmasters have steadily declined sinco 1867. Meanwhile, the Congressmon who used these offices ns rewards for their henchmen havo slyly tacked. on one or two handred dollars to the salaries, year after year, as the annual Appropriation Dill camo up, until at st we have this ex- hibit. Itistrue not only of New England, but of the country at large. There is no sys- tem in the salaries paid) Some aro too low. Most are too high, Mr, Jewzrn is now at work trying to bring order out of confusion, and have the nation pay its Postmasters in proportion to the services they render in ro- turn. It is noteworthy that this exposuro of something wrongin the postal management is furnished by the Socretary himself. Ho is not trying to cover up defects, He is frank about them; tells all he knows; and pro- poses straightforward, public reform, Neituor the Republican arty nor the coun. try will forget the service which Mr. Jawznm has done to both. PROPOSED COUNTY REFORMS, ‘The great ovil of the “township organiza- tion” in Inrgo cities is glaringly exhibitod in the manner of assessing and collocting taxos. Chicago has three towns within its limits, and in cach of these 8 Supervisor, Clork, As- sessor, and Collector aro elected every spring by a mob of tax-eating bummera collected together for that purpose. This election oc- curring by itself, and being purely local in character, the control is given over ex- clusively to the rotten bummer elemont, who invariably select men from their own cor- rupt number to assess and’ cdlect the county taxes, Thon the same mob pzoceeds to voto from $40,000 to $60,000 in ench town to pay tho bummers they havo clected for two orthreo weeka’ or months’ malndministra- tion of office, Among tho refcrms proposed. for Cook County is an abandonment of this swindling system and a return to the County Commissioner system, which wo already have, ss amattor of fact, in the Board of fifteen Commissioners provided for Cook County by the Constitution, This chango must be nado by a vote of the people. Tho statutes pro- vido that the question may be submitted to a popular vote at any general election, and tho County Board is authorized and required to submit it on petition of fifty or more legal yotors in the county. Our next genoral olec- tion is next fall, when a County ‘Treasuror is to be chosen, and the question will then bo submitted to the people of Cook County in all probability. It certainly ought to bo. Thero aro some objections to the applica tion of the County Commissioner system, as now fixed by statute, to counties which con~ tain large citica, One of thesa is, that no. provision is made for tho election of a County Assessor, leaving the assessment in tho handa ofthe County Board. To remedy this, tho Citizons’ Association have prepared a bill au- thorizing counties containing more than 50,000 inhabitants to elect a County, Assessor every four years, Under the present law, too, in counties not under the township or- ganization tho Bheriff is ex-officio Collector. ‘This would be impracticable in Cook County and other largo counties, and the Citizens” Assooiation likewise recommend an amend. ment to tho Revyonue law making the County ‘Treasurer et-offoio Collector in counties not under township organization which Lave more than 60,000 inhabitants, Both thesa recommendations are wise, and should bo adopted. ARKANSAS AND LOUISIANA, Wo are indebted to an independent four. nalist without partisan proclivities—the edi- tor of the Cincinnati Commercial—tor the ro- minder that the Democrats of Arkansas, and with them the Domocrats of the whole coun- try, expressly approved, in tho Broozs-Bax- tex war, the sane Fedoral intervention which tho Democrats of Louisiana, and with them the Democrats of the country, now con- donin in the Louisiana case, It is not neces. sary to go over all the complications of the Arkansas squabble, It noed only be recalled that Baxren, tho Republican candidate, waa declared eloctad Governor by very question. able means, and afterwards went over to tho Domoorata. It was then that Broozs, who had boen the Democratic candidate aud who had probably roceived a'majority of the votes, went over to the Republicans, and had the support of the two Arkansas Senatora and thoir re- tainers. Brooxs took advantage of Baxter's dofection from the party to seize the Stata Governmont, and expeoted to receive the sup- port of tho Administration, The President, however, took the rational ground that the Teepublicans must abide by their own acts, and that, if there had been fraud in giving Baxrzn the State, it was the Republicans who had committed it. Ho therefore re- fused to invoke the power of the Fedoral Government for partisan uses, and, when thee occasion came, he issued a proo- lamation commanding “ certain turbulent and disorderly persons” (meaning those who bed conspired in the interest of Buooms to overthrow Baxter and the recognized Gov- ernment) to disperse. ‘Tho rovolutionists did disperse in compliance with this proclama- tion, and if did nat become necessary to uso the Federal troops in ordor to enforce obedience. But tho point which the Cincia- nati Commercial makes—and it isa good one— is, that this proclamation was just as much " Foderal interferonce” as if a rogimont of United States soldiers had innda a charge on the Rrooxs faction and driven them off at the point of the bayonet; for, if the in- surgents had not dispersed, this sort of co- ercion would certainly have followed. When tho President had issued his procta- mation and instituted * Federal intervention” in behulf of the Democrats of Arkansas, ho was tho ‘Daniol come to judgment.” Bax. ten exclaimed: ‘ Let us remember with grat- itude the great citizen soldier, who hay at length recognized the justico of our ennse.” The Democrats throughout the land echoed this sentiment. Gen, Grant heard his praisea sung to tho accompaniment of the most anciont and rasping Democratic organs, ‘Thore was even serious talk of running him astho Domocratio candidate for President at tho next election, It was two or three months before the Democratic newspapers and orators returned to their vomit and belched forth their usual denunciations of tho Administration, How isitnow? Federal interforence " was eli right in Arkansas when it was in behalf of Basten and the Democrats, But it is all wrong in Louisiana when it is in behalf of Kentoae and the Republicans, The fact is, that the intervention in both eases was in be- half of tho oxisting and recognized form of Government, that established by the State Courts, But the Democrats choose to regard everything the Prosident does in a partisan senso unless it be in their interest. In the Arkansas intervention ho was ‘the grent citi- zon soldier”; in the Louisiana intervention he is the “usurpor,” the ‘ despot,” tho “Harnau,” eta, etc, And this is theo Demo- cratic devotion to the great principle of State Sovereignty MISSOULI'S FOLLY. It was a foregone conclusion that. Senator Scuunz’s namo would not be used in connec- tion with the Democratic nomination to fill tho vacancy in the United States Sonate at the expiration of his present term, ‘hero is every reason to believe that ho will rojoico that he received no sign of fellowship from the Missonri Bourbons and ox-Rebels, with whom he nevor fraternized nor sympathized. But it could hardly have been expected that theso people would care to institute a con- trast so strikingly unfavorablo to thoir party as they actually did m tho nomination they made Saturday, Tho Democratic majority nominated, on tho first ballot, and by an over- whelming majority, Faanois M. Coornent, aman who has never been in public life ex- cept as a ‘ Confederate” General. His nomination, therefore, is purcly and simply u demonstration of tho ‘‘ Rebel” strength in the Democracy of Missouri. If hoe wero a man distinguished by his services in public life, or of demonstrated and acknowledged ability, the fact of his having served in tho Rebel army would not at this day havo seri- ously combatted against his fitness for so oxalted a position in the Union Congress, Tho muster of tho Forty-fourth Congress, which we believe contains tho names of moro than 100 men who served in the’Con- federate army, shows that tho country has learned vory speedily and effectually to suppress the rancor or projudice that might reasonably onough have boon felt against this class of statesmen. But Cock- Bext's case is peculiar. During the War ho commanded ono of tho Missouri Divisions of tho Rebel Army of the Tennessee ; since tho ‘War bo has boen practicing Jaw in an obscure country town of Missouri called Warrons- burg. He was unheard of in connection with public service until the Democrats tricd to nominate him for Governor at the last olec- tion, Failing in that, they now propose to send him to the United States Senate to suc- ceod Cann Scnvunz, and for the expross pur- poso of asserting their attachment to the ancien regine. Even the dispatch to the Democratic Chicago Times about his nomina- tion says that ‘He was put forward sololy upon his private and military record by tho Confederate element.” Itis in this charac. ter that he will be elected to the United States Senate. Itissaid that Mr. Cocznznn isa man of “somo” ability, though it has never yet been publicly demonstrated. We prosume that by this is meant that he is a man of more ability than Boay, of Missouri, who will be his col. lengue. Wo sincerely hope so. But, whon it is remembered that he has been chosen to succeed a statosman like Somunz, the chango is ao sudden, and the fall so great, as to be from the sublime to the ridiculous, For six years Missouri hos becn represented in the United States Senate by the most brilliant mind in that whole body,—a man of pure patriotism, education, refinement, cloquence, and unimpoachable porsonal integrity; a man who has even held the respect and ad- miration of the old friends whom he mis- takonly abandoned; s man not only of na- tional but of cosmopolitan fame; man who, though foreign-born, has compro- hended tho spirit and purpose of the Amorican idea of Government better than most of onr native statesmen, and who has boen unwavering in his devotion to that ides. For such a man tho Missouri Bourbons have substituted ono who has no other claim upon reputation than that of once having devoted such energy and ability as ho possesses to the disruption of the Union. Such an action not only domonstrates tho shameless ignorance and bigotry of tho old-time Democracy, but it recalls the equivocal attitude of the State of Missouri during the War, professing to be Union in sentiment, which was really dis- union, It shows that Kentucky is not the only State in which prevails the X-rond acn- timont of the Naspy lind of Demooracy, which has been recently exprossed by the Logan (Ky.) Sentinel in these words; ‘Wo will hava s National Convention of all the States to revise ond amend the Oonastitution of the United Htatou, and there will Lo no niggers in that Couven- tion, The Conatitnth 8 roviaed will be the Conuti- tutlon as tt was 10 1860, exoopt in tho matter of alavery, Btato laws aud State Constitutious will be made to con- form to tho reformed Constitution ; uo will tho Fod- eral laws, We will have the niggers’ froo, as tier aro, but no more, This will lcave them on tho foating of unbaturalized foreigners, und of our mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters, Thisis enough, More than that they have no right to, und more than that they nover will yot from us, ‘That is what we propose to do with the wigyers, ‘The New York Herald furnishes a fair in- stance of the manner in which tho papers of that city are cooling off and quitting their silly howl over tho Louisinna trouble, We take the cose of the Tferald, becauso that paper ‘was, perhaps, tho craziest of the lot, and fairly turned itself inside out with rage over the ‘*usurpations,” “despotism,” " tyrrany," ‘*Cogarlam,” eto., of ' Vauatagepa," Hare wav," “Nuno,” “the besotted tyrant,” eto, oto, The Werald now thinks as follows! ‘Tid ote opidion that, ainae President Gaamwa's recent rpologetie and disclatming mossage, pubtio liberty fe in no 7reat dangor from military interference with legin~ 1 tho bodies, ‘Tho Preaident concedes every principle whith rattount advocates of froo inntitutions contend for. Mo dieclima reaponsllity for miliary {ntere forenro with the Louialana Legintatrn ; tio udniite (he poseliilly tuat wriny offerors may havo averstonped, in their gnorance, the strict limite of Inw; he refusos to rtazd apo for the actin of Krt-.oaa ta tho Inte emergency ; he does not protend that there ia any tion for employing either thy tata mililia or cralarmy Ina Teyialativa coniiirt, except on the call of a majority of tho olected members, Agnin, says the Iferakd: ‘The Mrostdent submits thin grave question ta the counideration of that body, and things have como to such porn that Congres can no longer avnile ita re. apouritslity without, publie condemnation, Unless. Congress takea rome action, the President’ ta cow- rallted to purane his policy, aud, if it ahirks the re~ sponsibility of directing ‘him wheu ho solicits fta instruction, the country will Iny alltha blaine at ite door, ‘Tho anarchy which prevails fy Lauistana cen be remaved only by Congressional ction, and the country looks with doop interest to itn netion, which the Preaident professes tia implicit willlagiexa tu. ro rpert. If there isany Immodiate romedy, it muat bo aupplled by Congress at this acasion. Wo congratulate the J/erald that it has como to its sober sonses so quickly, and has douo with howling. It should now make somo apology to Mr.Coorrn and Mr. Bnraxt for having helped to drag these vonorable gentlemen out to protest agninst wrongs which it now admits havo nover existed, ex- cept in its own imagination. It only remains to add that the other New York papers aro slowly cooling off, and begin to admit thatthe liborties of the country are in no immedinte danger from tho President, and that Gen. Suentpan will probably not ent the leveos at Now Orlonns and inundats that city. 4A PROPOSED BOLUTION, Now that the military usurpation phase of tho Louisiana Legislature muddle is pretty much disposedof andrapidly passing out of tho pop- ular mind, tho partisan noiso having mostly stopped, and the facts having beon presented in tho respective statements of the two fac- tions of the Legislature, Gen, Surnrpan's re- ports, the President's mossngo and accom. panying documents, and the report of the Congressional Sub-Committee, we can como somewhat near to tho exact status of the question, and look about for tharemedy. The situation is now so simplified and cleared up that it is not difficult to dotormine the cause of the trouble. ‘Che rock of offense is what the Presidont in his message calls tho ‘ gigantic fraud” which made Pirr Kettoae Gov- ernor of the State of Louisinna. As long as this “ gigautic fraud” remains tho chicf oxecutive, thore will be trouble, and mischief, and civil commotion. He is regarded by one- half the people of Louisiana as a usurper, and by the other half a3 a bogus Governor, and by the President ond country at large as a “ gigantic fraud.” So long as this condition of things oxists, it must disturb the peace of that Stato, and, as anything which disturbs the peace of ono Stato affects tha wholo bedy politic, it fol- lows that, a8 long as Gov, Kexzoaa is at the head of affsirs in Louisiana, the whole coun- try will be kept excited, angry, and dis. turbed. It isa Government which has no quality of self-support, no cloment of onforce- mont, no supportors excopt its employes and Marshal Packann, and no powor of making itsolf respected, or even obeyed, except with the aid of the military power of tho Fedoral Government. Withdraw that military nid, and Gov. Kzrtoaa and his Government would crumble to pieces any day. Now, the Federal Government cannot continue to hold up such a hopeless invalid, which is past eure, Tho discase has reached the vitals, and the case must be given up. It does not follow, however, that, in dropping Kerzoca, the Government is bound to sustain Mo- Eseny. Tho election of Ketioca was a froud, and this much the President admits in his message; but the pretended election of MocExery was ao still grenter fraud. Whot, then, is to bo dono? ~The Democrats in Con- gress strenuously object to having a bill passed ordering & new election, and oppose it upon the ground of its unconstitutionality, alleging that the reorganization of the State in this manner would involve it in more em- barrassing complications than now exist, Some other remedy is being sought. ‘Tho semi-ofioial statement which was published yesterday, that the President is in favor of tho resignation of the gigantio frauds, Kut Loca and Anrorng, and the election of a Governor from the body of the people, by the Legislature, under the law of 1858, scomg to offer a solution of the difficult problem, especially as the candidate suggested, Mr, Suerpon, now membor of Congress from ona of the New Orleans districts, is 1 Consorv- ative Republican, who has the best interests of tho State at hoart, ond would, it is stated, be acceptable to the peoplo of both partic, Any scheme which will relicvo Louisiana of Kexxoaa, it is evidont, will relieve it of the eloment of discord which now keops it in constant turmoil, and the nation with it. EARLY AMERICAN LEGAL TENDERS, The colonics now embraced within the United States were not the only ones which tried paper currenoy and legal-tonder acts, ond mansged to make themselves awful warnings thereby, when American history was still young. Tho fifth volume of Mr. Paneaan's fascinating histories of the sottlo- ment of this country, “The Old Regime in Canada,” contains an account of some notable financial expedients of the French rulers of our northern neighbor. In 1669, the Su- preme Council, sitting at Quoboo, made wheat a logal tender, and declared that three bushels of it should pasa for 4 franca, In 1074 the ourrency was inflated by giv- ing moose-skins the quality of a logal tender. Neither grain nor polt, however, proved’ to bo a» satiefactory currency. Coin was shipped from France and paid out by the Government, As mat- ter of course, it was all shipped back. No- body would pay his debts in hard money, worth what it pretonded to be, when he could discharge his dues by dumping a fow bushols of wheat or a parcel of greasy skins at his creditors’ doors. Then a new coinage was strack off for Canada, The Canadian frano waa worth only 16 cents, instond of 20, Of course, the first result of this was a nominal rige in prices, Then the now coins followed the old ones to Franca. The noxt step was for the merchants to issue notes, pay- able in fura, goods, or produce, By 1685, ali these expedienta had broken down, The Intendant, M. Moeules, had no whorowithal to pay his soldiers, “ Not knowing,” he wrote to the Minister, ‘+ to what saint to make my vows, the idea ocourrod to me of putting in circulation notes made of cards, each cut into four picces; and Thave issued an ordinance commanding the inhabitants to recolve them in payment.” ‘This new money was of good material, to- wit: playing cards; it was stampod with various pleasing emblems, such as the flour- do-lis and the crown ; it was a legal tonder ; ond it was geoured by the “faith and re- sources,” not of the strip of land now occu. pied by the United States, but of nearly the whole of North’ America, Moreover, it fulfilled My, Ketzsx's idoa of a good currenoy, for {t waa atrictly non-exportable, Nobody outside of Canada would have it at any price, aud before long peoplé inside Osnada would havo it only whon compalled to recoiva it. There wore spasmodie attempts at redemption, but tho ecard-curroncy aante lower aad lower. As ‘tmonay " prow xenrco, all the high fnetionaries of Covernment went into tho business of ‘ making moncy " by tho casy process of entting cards into pieces, stamping things on tho pieces, and * forcing feoplo to take thom in oxchango for their goods,‘ Confidence was lost and trade was half dead.” Lowor and lowor sank tho bita of stamped papor. “Then enmo moro promises to pay, till, in tho Inst bitter years of ita existence, tha colony floundered in drifts of worthless paper.” —— LIQUOR-LAWS IN MICHIGAN, Michigan has a law prohibiting tho ante of alcoholic stimulants, and has, moreover, tho 6,000 saloons which nsually accompany such alaw. Tho conjunction of these two facta has aroused a faint suspicion in the poncoful bosom of tho average Michigander that per- haps prohibition does not prohibit. Gov. Baatxy takes a sonsible view of tho question, in his message to the Legislature, We per- tinontly asks: “ Why not recognize tho fact that thero is @ difference between drinking and drunkenness?” ‘This is ono of thoso opi- gramuiatic sentences in which much wisdom is condensed into few words, Since thoro is a difference betweon drinking and drunkon- ness, tho State's attitude towards them shonld be different. © Beeanse drunkenness is an evil to be legisinted against and punished, it docs not follow, tho Goveruor thinks, that drinking is an cqual evil requiring similar repression and punish. ment, Ho draws a distinction between tha use and abuse of a thing. Goy. Bacxey tella tho Legislaturo what in his opinion those laws should be. ‘The prosent linbility law, which, like that of Tllinois, is founded on the Ohio statute, should be rotained. Saloons should be liconsed by the State, as they can- not be prevented from selling anyway, ond ‘a broad distinction in the amount of tax: between the sale of distilled liquors and malt beverages” should bo inde, Saloon-keepers should be required to givo bonds to observe all the laws regulating tho traffic. ‘Thoy should be forbidden to sell to apprentices, minors, andcommon drunkards, and should be obliged to shuttheirdoorsatarensonable hour of tho night, and todono business onliolidays and clection-days. This is sound doctrino, Tho tasto for stimulants is nnivorsal among mankind, and cannot be legislated out of ox- istence. Exporienco has shown that ita grati- fication by malt beverngos is infinitely safer than by spirits in any of tho forms of whisky, rum, ste, Tho proposed distinction in taxa- tion botweon the sales of tho two sorts of stimulants would bo eminently wiso, inas. much as it would promote the uso of beer, ale, light wine, etc., instead of the “ made dening spirits” which aro now consum. ed in such onormous quantities, In ordor ta complemont and perfect Gov. Dacrey'd scheme, however, State nnd National legis. lation is needed. Tho State should provide for a rigid inspection of drinkables, and should destroy all articles in which adul- teration is detected. Very much of the crima caused by liquor is the diroct result of tho drugs of which the so-called liquor is but a de- coction. If adulteration of liquor was pre- vented, crime would sensibly decrease, More+ over, this provention would make the prics of spirituous liquor higher, and would thns diminish the demand for it by increasing that for malt drinks,which are cheap. The noeded national legislation is a change in tho tariff which will allow ‘the importation of light wines at low rates, in order that they may be sold cheaply, and may thorefore take the place of the hot and rebellious liquors which Americans uso altogether too much, chicily because they are cheap, while wine is dear, It is comforting to know that another duollst in Maryland, name unimown, has rotired from the flold of ** honor™ with a doso of load in his Jungs, which will not fill him, but will without doubt keep him constantly reminded of his ogro- gious cowardice, vanity, and folly, to the end of his life. It is gratifying, too, to learn that tho other principal is an outlaw, enjoying his tri- umph among strangers, and cut off* from all communication with hie friends. The two fools quarreled, we aro told, about very charming young lady of Newtown, whom, in their vain do- sire to prove their own indifference to moral acd statute law, they dragged into tho fight. Tho chivalry which tossea = woman's reputation about in order to prove ita own exiatonce js only fit to sarvo as a target for elugs aud encora, a. BENATOBS, The act of Congress prescribing a modo for the cloction of United States Senators directs that it be made, in every case, on tha second ‘Tuesday after the organization of a Legislatura, or, failing on that day to elect by concurrenco of the two Housos, that the balloting be renewad from day today in joint convention. ‘To-mor- row, Tuesday, Jau, 19, boing thu * second Tnea- day” aftor the organization of tho Logislaturos of Delaware, Indians, Maino, Masaachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Now York, Pennsylvania, and Tennossce, the election of United States Souators will bo iu order in those States ; and the Rhode Island Legislature, reassembling on that day, after a rocoss, will at onco resume the contost whero it wan dropped by adjournment last June, Tho “ second Tuca- dey " occurs in the Legislaturos of Now Jorsoy, Went Virginis, and Wisconsin, on Jan. 26, Tho Florida Logislature, which mot on Jan. 5, had not, at last accounts, perfected its organization in the upper branch, These are all the States, aixteen in number, in which United States San- ators now romain to be elected for the term that begios March 4, 1875, Woe reproduce the fall list of Senatora whose terms are about to oxpire, with the elections made or cloarly indicated for the anccesdivg term, aa follows: Terma expire Buren 9, 1876, For the succeeding term, NawrTox Boor, IFilitam WW, Baton, Thomas #, Bayard. Joseph #, MoDonald, Heunibsl Humlin, Branch K, Bruce, trance M, Cockrell. William Sharon. Francis Kernan, jAilen G, Thurman. Wiliam 4. Wallact, Famust H, Mazey. George ¥, Edinunds, Robert MW. Witheres Viry Wet Visginis ‘Wisconatu,.... Hopublicane in Boman ; Domoorats in tlalio; le dependents in sMALL cave, In Michigen and Minnegots, Senators CuAN- pure and Rawazrare the Republican caucus nominess, but witha bolt in each case greater than the Republican majority, In Muassachd- setts there ia an open ficld for the BSenatorslip witbout the intervention of a caucus, and th protracted contost of last wintor is Ilkely to be repeated over again. In Rhode Island, ag before remarked, the contest will be renamed jus whore it lott off in June, whon the cloulng bak lot woe: Bonweiws, 43; Drxox, 26; Bansto™, 17; all others, 21, In Nebraska there are tu toeroue aspirants, and, on thu Lagisiatere leo |