Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 12, 1875, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO DAILY RIBUNE; TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1875. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF BUNECRIPTION (PATANER 1X ADVAKCE). oxtage Wrepnid nt thts OMcc, 3 ally, 1i- Weekly. Partaof a year Ta prevent delay and mistakcr, be snro. and give Poet Office addrots in full, including State and County. Romlttaneesmay Loniade eltherby draft, express, Port Ofice order, of in registered letters, at one risk, ‘TRRMA TO CITY SUDECRIDEN:! Datly, delivered, Sunday excevted, 2,5 cents ner week Dally, delisered, Sundey included, 30 conta por wook Address THE TRIWUNE COMPANY, Cerner Madison and Dearborn-ats,, Chlcago, Il. ADELPII THEATRI—Doarborn street, corner Mon- roe. Varlety entotainment, SEUN—) ireet, hotween Daar- born Rtotar ”thtee Yours tas Sear Esap. After: nods and evi BMY OF MUSIC—Halsted atroet, between Mad~ ponent stanras. ngageont of Oharioite Thompson, * Jano Eyre.” HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolnh atreat, between Clark and LaBslle. “Lost in London.” M'VICK #1 Dearborn. anc “* Henry IV." Y RR—Madison streot, between sister Hogegement of Bon De Bar, PERA-HOUSE—Clark | street, opposite Rhormean Hower icolygar Laoste: Missteelss Pe ile Grace the Duke. HALL—North Clark atreot, eornor Kin- Het Lectura by tite toa” Reuuvler Gollcas, Bubjsst® ‘* Abraham Lincolu," * “SOCIETY MEETINGS. ABITLAR LODGE, enmmunicati.n i ark on tho Fy Behicat Masonry. dilly invited, CRANE, Soo'y, ATTENTION, SIR KNIGHTS. Apallo Commandery, No. 1, ke Ty. Special Canelavo of ht installation of officers (Yuvsday) avon. tug, at 286 o'clock. At Anglum, & Sie Kaighte courteously invited. | By Hee of ee NORD WT LOCICH, Hecutdor, PUSINESS NOTICES. WAR DECLARED ON HIGH PRICES. -RRTURN- Salta epcoio baals; #8 for fall sot best gum teoin, | Klrat- shalt, Sativtaction, givon. 0 Siokoyranahdeds W. We MCUI ESET, corner lank au Handolph-sts. INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. —Olts, Suburban, and Country Real Ba LT Rea Retaio weakteds Waris, te Rona: Htarvoss Ghancés, ‘Loxt and Found, Howiug-Machines, Agsuta PAGE—Amusoments, Qccan Steamships, Periodicals,’ Now Publications, Medical Cards, ctc., ete. exe Dew om ! The Chicano Gribuae. Tuosday Morning, January 12, 1875, The report of tho meating at Cooper Insti- tute last night was received too late for any review of the speeches, ‘The Democratic element, our correspondent says, predomi- nated, A very important decision has Intely been rendered by the Minnesota Supreme Court, the effect of which will be to impair all charters gf corporations derived from tho Territorial Legislature, The rensons of the decision are given in adispntch printed this morning in tho columns of legal news, Judge Mornts, counsel for Mr. Truzos, said in his opening speech yesterday that one of the witnesses to be called by tho plaintiff would be Mr, Bercner himself. Of course, Mr. Bercuer will not be expected to convict himself ; and, of course, slso, he will not rofusa to testify on that ground. Senator Snenwan introduced the Forty- first Parallel Railrond bill yesterday with tho fiattering remark that he did not at cll ap. prove of its character. Such notes of intro- duction have been delivered before now, but we never heard that the person or thing so introduced was much benefited thereby, If there is one Professor:of Virtue at the National Capital more conspicuous than an- other, that one is Col. Dox Pratt, who was yesterday convicted of having received $5,000 from the Facifle Mail corruption fund, This bribo-taker has been so open- mouthed and indecent in his cal- umnious ‘exposures” and “ investigations” that she people long ago began to suspect, what has now proved to be the case, that he is himself many fathoma deeper in the mire than the persons whom ho vilified and tra- duced. Most of the slanders upon President Grant which havo at one timo or another found currency in the public press wore in- vented by Pratt. Mr. Dan Wrip-Car Tatu Sycamore Voor- nves, having withdrawn his name from tho Senatorial canvass in Indiana, tho contest is now practically between Honan and Mc- Donazp. Honan has no viows of the eur- rency question that he is willing to svow, while McDowaxp is in favor of 8 gradual re- turn to specie, and saysso. Thechancesseom ‘to bo very much in favor of McDonaup. Ag for poor Voonners, his failuro is miserablo enough, We congratulate the Demoernts of Tndiona that they aro so happily rid of him, Of course, his defeat is to bo interproted ag settling the fact that the people of Indiana are not in favor of unlimited inflation or of repudiation in any form, Bourbon rulo in Spain begins with tho ap- pointment of Varwasepa as Captain-General of Cuba. Hoe is tho * bloody-butcher” Captain-General who had fivo atudonts shot for scratching four meaningless lines ono piece of glass set inotombstone, One-and- 8-quarter lives por scratch was a pretty cheap estimate of human lifo, even for o Spanish grandee in Cuba, and Vazataseps had to be recalled. Atrnonso XII. sends him back again, and he asks for 20,000 more troops to prolong the hopeless struggle. A man of his murderous stamp is just about fit to represont Spanish barbarity and weakness, He will no doubt murder, oppross, and rob to his Royal master’s contont, and he will no doubt fail to subdue Cuba as utto.ly as every titled blood. ound lot loose on that unhappy island here. tofore has failed, Somo of tho bills introduced in tho House st Washington yesterday read romarkably well by their titles; aud, as tho American people will in all probability never hear any- thing more of them, wo desire to coll partic ular attention to them at once, One was a bill to abolish the office of Lieutenant-Gen- eral of the Army, It came, of course, from a Bourbon Democrat,—one who admired Sugarman just as littl when ho mado hia dash of Winchester os when he suggested the suppression of the White. League brigands in Louisiana, Another bill proposes thet the import duties of the United tates shall be increased by 10 por cent quar. erly, boginning next March, until American gold shall bo ot par with tho legal-tender notes, How much the import duties would be increased under this act wo do not dare to say. Wemight in time come to be ay near specie-payments and in the samo prosperous condition every way as Cuba is, ‘Shey havo tried tho plan in Cuba. Tho Chicago produco markets were gen- erally tame yesterday, Mess pork was moderately uctive, and 10@12 129 per bri | Comuittce, lower, closing at $18.70 cash, and $18,85@ 18.87 1-2 seller February, Lard was less active and ensier, closing at $19.40@19.45 ensh, and $13.62 1-2@15.55 scller February, Meats were quiet and ensicr at 6 1-2@0 5-80 for shoulders, 9 1-2c forshort ribs, and 10c for short clear. Dressed hogs wero active and firmer at £7.75@8.20 per 100 ths, High. wines wero active and firmer, closing at 95e. Flour was dull and unchanged. Wheat was less active and 1-2c lower, clusing at 83 1-4e cash, and 88 6-8 seller February, Corn was in fair demand and a shade firmer, closing strong at 66 t-te cash, and 72¢ scllor May. Oats were moderately active, and 1-8¢ higher, closing nt 52 3-Yo ensh, aud 526-80 for Febru- ary. Rye was quict and firm at 96c. Barley was dull and firm, closing at $1.21 1-4 cash, and 91.25 soller February, Hogs were fairly active and unchanged, with sales at $6.00@ 7.0. Cattle aud sheep wero in fair demand and firm, There has been a grent hue and cry among the ex-Icbelsof the South and their Northern sympathizers over Gen, Surripan’s dispatch in which the word ‘ banditti” was used. They have assumed, without any warrant whatever, that Gen. Smertman epplied the word toalithe peoplein Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas. He did no sneh thing. His dispatch first recommends the arrest and trial ‘of ringleadersof the armed White Leagues." The very next paragraph says: ‘“ If Congress would pass a bill declaring ¢hem banditti, they could be tried by a military commission,”— that is, ‘ the ringleaders of the armed Whito Leagues.” Now, unless ‘all tho people of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi are White-Lenguors, aud not only White- Leaguers but armed White-Leaguers, and not only armed White-Leaguers but ring- leaders of armed White-Leaguers, they do not como under the application of danditti as Gen. Snentpan used the word. This is but another instance of the tendency of the Southern people and the Democrats to go off like an old blunderbuss at ‘ half-cock” in this Louisiana affair. They have not stopped to study the matter ns it actually is, They do not want to do this, Thoy simply desiro to howl, and howl they will in spite of tho facts in,tho cnse. The call for the Bourbon mceting in New York City relative to tho Louisiana trouble says: ‘*A legislative body of a sister State, peaceably assembled, han been broken into and dispersed by Federal troops, acting un- der orders from the President of the United States.” ero aro several distinct falsehoods, ‘Tho Legislature was not organized peaceably, and was not organized at all, as has been shown repeatedly, and the troops were not acting under orders of tho President, but did act first under tho orders of the Demo- erats, and second under the orders of tho Governor of tho State, at the request of the Republican mombers; and, lastly, that they did not “disperga the Legisl.- ture,” but simply removed fivo impestors from one branch thereof, who hed no color of right to seats, at the orderof tho Governor and fifty-two members of tho body, Thoy did not touch or molest any person who had acertifieate of election or a right to sit in the body, And yet, upon the strength of theso gross frlschcods, the newspapers of New York City havo induced certain people of that city, headed by the venerablo Mr. Brrant, to call a meeting to denounce the action of the President, who has not taken the first stop in the matter! Thisis proporly described ag ‘' going off at half-cock,” ‘Wo have to chronicle another good result of tho extension of the Baltimoro & Ohio Railroad to this city. It has enlarged tho competition in the conl business by giving Chicago direct communication with the coal. mines at Shawnee, O., and by making the froight so reasonable that thero has already been reduction of 50 cents a ton in the price of bituminous coal, which is equivalent to asaving of several hundred thousand dul- lors a year to this city, Cheap coal in Cni- cngo mey now bo regarded og an assurod fact. A few years ogo the LaSnllo and ‘Wilmington mines had o practical monopoly, which tho Tinois railronds made the most of; whenever tho canal was closed, freights would go up. Then the Danville Road was opened, and the Indiann coal fields becamo accessible, which was a great help. Now that the Baltimore & Ohio road has brought the Ohio coel fields within our reach, Chica. go will scarecly ever be subjected to any combination in rates that can make coal dear. Cheap coal will contribute more than all clso tothe progress of Chicago as a manufactur- ing city. The consumption of the smoke must bo rendered practical before we can en- Joy the full benefits of this plentiful supply of coal; but we must regard this os suro to come, and, when it docs, Chicago will have advantages os a manufacturing city un. equaled in the Western country. ‘The witness Anent, boing brought to tho har of the House yesterday, and having been informed that he would be committed for contempt if he did not reveal tho names of the persons to whom he disbursed Pacific Mail corruption money, agreed to testify os esired. Ho was then examined privately by the Ways and Means Committee, and it came out that he paid $25,000 to Col. Joux W. Foner, propric- tor of tho Philadelphia Press; 18,000 toa Mr. Suaw, the Washington correspond. ent of the Boston Transcript ; $5,000 to Donn Piatt, proprictor of the Washington Capital ; and smaller amounts to other news- paper correspondents. We are pained and surprised to learn that the press, too, has been bought; that the one protection which the people have against corruption and na- tional degradation ig not so sound and ftendfast os wa supposed it wae, But we do not tiro of tho investigation. ‘The hot. ter tho scont is, the more vigorously it should bo pursued, Wo want to know, and to have the country know, tho names of the Journslista who havo botrayod their profes. sion into tho hands of the money-lenders and the corruptionists, ‘The caso of Mr, Fonnzx will provoke as much pity as indigna- tion, That o long lifo distinguished for eminent eervices to the cause of freedom should be crownod by no disgraceful on abt is surely a distressing thing, Mr, Ronson ig one of tho Senators from Cook County who enjoys tho distinotion of laving been elected, ina Republican district, over hia competitor by Republican votes. No wonder, therefore, that Mr. Rozixsox should soize the very first opportunity to distinguish himself ond justify the votes of his Repub- lican constituents who gave him his place. ‘cho oecesion presented iteclf yesterday. Ho called for a jolut committoo of fourteon to vousidey ** the outrage upon tho rights of our iter Btute of Louisiana.” Mr, Ronrtizon, of coursc, expects to bo Chairman of that aud he proceeded forth. with 10 display some of his eminent qualifications therefur, When questioned concerning the soures of his information whereon he based his resolution, he admitted with more frankness than ingentity that “it was immaterial, and ho was not informed,” which is true of most other subjects ns well as this one. Tn other wards, he didn’t know where he got his information; and it was all the sane, since he proposed to have a rhy at tho ‘outrago” business anyway. We think Mr. Rontxson onght not to bo deprived of the Chairmanship of that ‘ Outrage” Com. mittee, oud his Republican constituents ought immediately to propare a handsome testimonial for his ominent servicos to Cook County, Why should not some of the dis- tricts of Cook County be represented by a braying ass as well as districts in othor parts of the State ? —_—_—_— CHICAGO AND NEW YORK ON THE OUTRAGE BUSINESS, Tho discussion of the Louisiana emeute haa brought out one prominent fact relative to the journalism of tho two representative Northern cities, Chicago and New York. ‘Lhe latter press, claiming for itself a metropolitan and cosmopolitan character and everything outside of New York as “ provincial,” has now shown itself to be merely a shallow-pated, partisan press, conducted in the interests of virulent Bourbonism; and, true to tho proverbial character of tho Lourbon, never learns any- thing. In contradistinction to the course of tho superficial Now York press, the Chiengo press has comprehonded and recognized the gravity of the situation in Louisiana, and treated it in a calin, moderate, and reasonable manner, and in consonanco with facts, so far as facts have become known. This is trio of very paper in Chicago,—Tue Trimuxs, Times, Inter-Occan, and Staats. Zeitung, of tho morning papors, and tho Journal, Post, ond Neue Preic-Presse, of the evening. None of these papers entirely agrea in their views of political questions, and yet all of them havo discussed tho Louisiana question upon a basis of facts, have endenvorcd to arrive at some reasonable and logical view of tho situation, and to sug- gest somo practical remedy, and in this way have kept the public pulse cool and steady. On tho other hand, the New York papers have not writed for facts or recognized facts at all, but have nnited in ono general howl of rege and maliguity against tha President, who has as yet neither acted nor spoken in tho Louisians matter. Foremost among them in malicious rancor is the paper which Honacz Gneerzy founded, and which, dur- ing his lifetime, did yeoman service for lib- erty ond Unionism. Since it has passed into the ownership of the Iate Jit Fisx’s partner, Jax Govrn, it has been conducted in tho in- teresta of Bourbonism and stock-gambling. The Herald, Express, World, and Sun,—the Intter perhaps the mangiest cur of the lot, a8 its hostility to tho President is based upon personal spite and disappointed eupidity,— howl in unison, pay no regard to facts unless it be to distort and misstato them, and have no other object apparently in view ex- copt to inflame tho public mind. Even poor old Mr, Bryant, turning his 90th year, and arrived at an oge when: he should be in tho enjoyment of that sorene philosophy which grows out of a life lived in the higher realms of poetry, is dragged away from his Homeric labors, and allows himself to trail his pott’s robes through the political mire. Can any- thing be more pitinble than this spectacle of tho Bard of Thanstopsis dropping his lyro, which has just sounded tho epic straina of Homer, to turn the Democratic hand-organ for the edification of the blind and misled populaco? Even the New York Zimes hos not stood up kfore the storm, as it should have donc, but bows its head and pathetically weeps. And this is the style in which tke grent metropolitan and cosmopolitan papers of New York treat the most important question before tho country ! Tho Burlington Courier and Squashville Patriot are dignified compared with them. Have we arrived at that epoch of Ropublic- anism whon honesty gives place to hate; when the press deliberatoly closes its eyes to focts; when, instead of using ita efforts to extinguish the conflagration and quiet tho frightened multitude, it seizes the torch, spreads the fire, and excites tho popular passion? If so, then wo are not much bettor off than was Paris during the Commune, and brute force alone can gave us. If so, then, indeed, has the time como when the sword and the bayonet are tho clements of the gov- erning power, and tho Bonaranres and tho Cxsars might ns well mount their thrones. Tho newspapers of Now York and Chicago are the exponents of tho character of tho two cities. Chicago isa young city, built upon the prairies only a few years ago, and stocked with tho beat and freshest blood of tho nation, Sho has no taint of troason resting upon her ; has had no ancestry to transmit bad qualitics, Bho is radical to the core, and tempors her radicalism with reason, ond dis. cusses great national questions without heat or passion, During her short existence sho has beenas true as steal to the Union in tho day of its sore peril, In the War of tho Rebellion, with o population avoraging but 200,000, she placed 27,000 men in the field to defend the Union, What was Now York doing at that time? After tho battle of Gettoysburg, whon tho army should have boon used to follow up its victory, 27,000 men had to be withdrawn and sent to New York City! Gunbonta wero sta. tioned in Now York bay training their guns upon the city, Why? To put down tho treazon and rebellion which had broken out thero, From the beginning of the Civil War to its closo, the Govornment was hindered by this “fire in the rear” which came from -tha secessionist inasses of New York, It openly sympathized with Rebels, It opposed the drafts with violence. It shot and hanged ne- groes. It burned colored orphnn asylums, It attacked loyal newspaper officcs, and to- day one of its newspapers is leagued hand in glovo with the men who attacked it. It has elwoys been thehome of ‘Stato Sovereignty,” always claimed that tho States aro sovereign snationalities in themsclvca, and that tho Na- tionel Government hea no rights excopt in tho Territories, in the Custom-IIouges and Post-Offices, and on the deck of a gunboat, and its howl to-day is only a howl for ‘State Sovereignty.” Chicago's first attachment is to the Union ; New York to the State, Chi. cago dates back thirty or forty years, and its first cffort wasin behalf of the Union, to which it gave its money and its best blood, New York's dates back to the Revolution, when it was the nest-egg and hendquartera of Toryism. It was the last plece in America to desert Groroz IIL; tho last placo which hauled down the British flag. ts Toryism has clung to it ever since, It hay never re. covered from its antipathy to the + /overn. nent of tho United States asa natu... Its blood is tainted at the fountain with the virus of disloyalty, Its inorality is poisoned by its Us commercial honor is intho hauds of sharp- ers and speculators, It is the plague-spot of the country. Its newspapers reflect its char- acter, 3 Seauitianeananemenend A REVOLUTIONARY PROCEEDING. The organ of the Lonisiana White Leaguo is tho New Orlonns #ullecin, which is a red- hot incendiary sheot that lins dono everything in its power to causo mischief in the organ- ization of tho Louisiana Legislature, We take from its columns the following extract, showing how the House of Representatives was “organized” on the {thinst. It says: ‘The announcement of a quorum had just been made wheu Mr, J, 8, Bittteu, of Lafourche, moved that the Hon. L, A. Witz. be declared Speaker pra fem. Viorna, the Clerk, did not entertain the motion, and Mr. Macerey put ft himeelf, calling tho aflirmative and, negative, and declared Mr, Witetz elected, ‘The dece laration wae no sooner made thin Mr, Wittz was on the stand aud had taken the mallet from Vroins, who vainly ondesvored to contest ila right of possession, Hs rapped tho gavel smartly and called tho House to order, Austlee Hourtox immediately stepped forward and adininistered the oatit, As a member of the Houro, Witte called on Lowest, belng the oldeat niember, to swear him 10 un Speaker,’ Lownt, declined. Witrz retained the chair amidst great excitement and tho howl) of Munnent, of Madison, Bpeaker Wittz, when quict was reatored, awore in the members 1n a body, they rising in thelr reate, Fa Poop was then elested Sergeant-at-Arms pro fen, and Py J, TREZEVANT Clerk pro erm, A resotution declaring L, L. Scaurs and Craniea Rensces, of tho Pansh of Desoto; C, C, Dexs, of Orwut Varish ; James Vater, of Bienvitie, aud G.) A. Kru, of Winn Parish, members of the Houre, han been adopted. Right fa reserved to the Opposition eanutldates to contest, ‘Theea four membera, It will he remembered, wero reforred to the Leyistature, and the membora xeated aro those declared elected by the Demnocratic Comtittec. A.call for the ayea and noes ona division was de- clired out of ordcr, aa the Mouse had not been perma- nently orgoutzed. Tho Demoernts having thus recruited fivo additional mombers from the lokby, thea— Sperker Wirz ordered a enll of tho roll on the cleo Hon of Spraker, It rosulted ao follows : Witrz, 55; Haun, 93 blank, 1, and Clerk Tneze- vaur aeclared the Hon, L, A, Wirz olected Speaker, ‘This voto contirms Gen, Surrwan’s report that there wero but fifty Democrats present in the beginning; the votes for Haun wero given by Republicans, Hann voting blank. ‘This is the Democratic version of what took place. ‘Che law of the Stato provides that thoso members of tho Legislature who shall be declared duly elected by the Returning Board shall alone participate in the organiza- tion of the House, The Houso consists of 111 members, end 106 wero returned as elected. Tho cases of tho other five wero re- ferred to the House for its decision then or ganized, Tho temporary occupation of tho chair by Wartz, though iNogal and usurping of itself, amounted to nothing; but Witz refused to allow the roll to bo called and votes taken because the Honse was not or ganized ; and yet, without being organized, without boing, a “House” in ony legal sense, he declared that jize persons who wera unknown to the Inw, and pro- hibited by law from participating in the organization of the Houso, wore mem. bers! On this motion ho refused to allow tho legally-elected members to vote by yeas and nays, Having declared the resolution adopted and the Democratio vote increased to 55, ho thon allowed tho roll to be called for tho election of a permanent Speaker. ‘The action of admitting these five mon, re- fusing to permit the vote to be taken thereon by yeasand nays, wasillegal and revolutionary, ‘The men had no eredentials ; not even prima facie evidence of election ; wore excluded by the Returning Board, and were prohibited by Jaw from participating in the organization of the House, Their admission was scandalous, infamous, and revolutionary. Tho assump- tion that overy legislative body is the exclu- sive judgo of tho election of its own membors doos not apply in this case, because the House ‘wes not yot organized, was nota “ House,” and, by express provision of Inw, no persons but tho 106 roturned membors had any legal authority to vote or act as members, In view of theso facts, how aupremely absurd and inconsiderate aro the fanatical hawlings of tho New York press, THE TOM SCOTT AND ST. LOUIS JOR, Tiefora Congressmen yote on the proposi- tion to make the people pay for laying 3,000 miles of track for the Atlantic & Paciflo and the Toxas Pacific wild-cat railroads across the interior deserts of the continent, it will bo well for them to know what sort of conn- try theso roads proposo to “develop.” It may be that sandy stratches and rugged rocks cannot be made to blossom like the rose, even when manured with bonds and greenbacks ad ib, We publish elsewhere in this issuo extracts from Gen. Hazen’s article in the current number of the North American Review, which will convince the impartial render that it is idle todrenm of doveloping this dreary, barron highland waste by constructing one or two ora thousand railroads throughit, Wo in- vite Congressmen to read theso extracts in order that they may know whether or not to vote $150,000,009 of tho poople’s monoy outright, and @300,000,000 moro in the shape of forty years’ interest at 5 per cont in aid of this double swindle, and wo invite the peo- ple who aro threntened with wholesalo plun- der to road thom, in order that they may promptly robuke at tho polls tho mis-Repro- sentatives who favor this flagrant fraud,—this ettempt at o legalized robbery of tho National Treasury. Gen, Hazen first reviews the intended route of the Texas Pacific. East of tho 98th parallel, which passes near Dallas, Tox., the country is fertile, woll-watered, rich, West of this line, its nature rapidly chonges for tho worse, The stroams vanish as tho hot woathor boging; tho rain-fall less. ens; tho timber is scanty and stunted; tho herbage changes into the wiry buffalo-gross; the soil is arid, The seasons havo a curious triennial course, There is considerable but. insufticient rain for two or three years, and thon a destructive drought for as long a time. ‘In tho third successive dry season tho grass actually disappears altogether, and the carth cracks open in immense fissures ; groat diff. culty in thon found in subsisting stock and much actually perishes.” As the traveler passes wost from the 100th parallel, for 1,000 milos, the infrayucat pools of water are full of ‘alkali, and the desolate plains are studded with cactus and other thorny shrubs, ‘The only land fit for cultivation is confined to the narrow valleys of uncortain streams. When the dreary route is almost done, Call. foruin is ‘ontered, “where, for a hundred mailes, or until we cross the range of moun- tains about 20 milos from tho goa, there fs a worthlesa, sterile plain.” Even the strip betwoen mountains and sea is not of much veluo in Southern Califor. nia, This, bo it remombored, is the description given by an unprojudiced observer, who has served in overy Territory of the Union except Alaska and Arizona, of the routo of the Texas Pacific, It is this worthless wilderness which Tou Scorr proposes to spend hundreds of millions of other people's money upon ‘for the good of e country,” aliaa ‘Tou Scorr, ‘he Atlantio & Pacific, which ig to ron along the 85th parallol, if it can squecze enough money out of the National Treasury, will unite with the Texas Pacific in Arizona, Ita construotion ig tho briba which Bcorr of. slums. Ite politioaare corrupted all thruiyh. | fers to St, Louis for ite support ‘of the hugo anmaoauouqQqmqqeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeoo—————T—T—T—TEEE Ee ee joint fob, The nature of tho country through which it passes, beforo the junction, is aub- stontinlly the same, says Gen. Hazey, as that already described. The fertilo land begins to disappear nt nbout the 08th parailel, aud ‘ peters out” thoroughly by the timo tho 100th parallol is renched. ‘Thence. forth wo have little strips of good soil with desert waters surrounding them,—one acro of good to 100 acres of bad. ‘ Tho wostern half of the Indian Territory is too dry and barron to till, and [the country] con- tinues 80, with somo fow exceptions, until wo reach tho Rio Grande in New Mexico." Tho valley of this stronm offers o small area of oultivatable Innd. Going west ngain, wo enter a volcanic, desolate country. Its only products aro sago-brush, juniper, and stunted pine. It is so worthless that no gamo is found in it. Out of overy 100 acres, 98 1-2 are of no uso, Tho land beyond the point of junction has been already described as al. most utterly arid, and in summer intensely hot and parched, Of what possible uso will these two roads bo to St. Louis and the South? Tho way traMo will never amount to anything worth considering,—snge-brush and nlkali-water ara not in activo demand. Tho frightful heat on the plains in summer and tho fenrful storms on the mountains in winter will Iny an almost perpetual embargo on tho transport of per- ishablo through freight. And there will bo little through freight to transport. The products of the South will still scek the At- lantic seaboard, as they do now, because it is there that the goods bonght in ex- change for their cotton ara to bo found, The products of the Pacific Slope will still seek o market at San Francisco, instead of San Diego, in Southern California, the tor- minus of the Tox Scorr linc, becanso North- ern California, Oregon, and Navada, which form tho producing section of the slope, lio ouch nearor San Francisco than San Diego, ‘Tho markets of Asia will not be put in com- munication with the latter port, because the vessels which bring silk and tea will go where they can relond for the return yoyaga,—to wit: to San Francisco, There will thus be no way and no through freight. The roads for which the pcople will havo paid $450,000,000, principal and inter. est, will consist of four rusty, unused threads of iron spanning a desert for ninc- tenths of the distance. St. Louis bas Pa- cific road of her own,—the Kansas Pacific. Sha has access to extensive regiona now with the aid of this, the narrow-gaugo roads from Denver, and the ronda connecting with Texas. A train once a day to and froma desert could do her little good. The Union Pacific is as much a Southern as it is a North- om road It is central. What the South needs is not an air-line route to the Pacific across the orid wastes, but the improvement and perfection of the routes it already has # the Atlantic and to the North. ‘Two or th-e: first-clasa steamship lines between its sea- hoard and Europe would be of more advan- tago to it than a dozon railronds across those almost uninhabitablo parched deserts of tho westorn interior of the continent. THE INDEPENDENT AND BOURBON AL- LIANCE. Mr. Praren, of Hardin County, a Bourbon Democrat, yesterday introduced a bill in the House of Representatives at Springfield to repeal the law which admits colored children to the priviloges of the publie schools, Mr. Anpniant, another Bourbon Democrat, from Jackson County, has a like bill which excludes the colored children from tho pub- lie schools, but permits their education in soparate schools, Tho next is Senator Bunre, a veteran Bourbon from-Macoupin County, who intro- duced a bill to abolish the State Normal School at Bloomington, and tho conversion of the building and grounds into an asylum for the incurable insane, and to abolish the Southern Normal School, at Anna, and its conversion to the use of the fecble-minded children of the State. ‘Theso arocharacteristiomeasures. ‘Though neither of theso bills will be likely to pags, they will find a hearty support from the gon- tlemen of the Democratic party who believe in ‘* State Sovereignty” and whose platform is tho resolutions of ‘98, and who think that one of tho inalionable rights of an American citizen ig to bring up his children in ig- norance. Let us look at what these bills propose. Thera wero in Hlinois in 1870 lesa than 6,000 colored children of tho school age, These oro scatterod through the 2,000 or more school districts of the State. Thoy do not average much over two children to a school district, while in hundreds of districts there are none, They do not, except in very rare instances, furnish enough pupils to jus- tify a separate school. Tho proposition now is to exclude these unfortunates, whose only crime is their color,—and many of them have white blood in their veins,—from having any opportunity to learn even the rudiments that are taught in the ordinary country district school. Themen who propose this exclusion are loud in their donunciation of the ig- norance of the colored population, and yot they insist upon perpetuating this alloged ignorance by denying to these children tho privilege of attending the public schools, and at the same time they call themselves Demo- crats { The Republicans who, under tho pretoxt of being Independents, defonted the Republican candidates, can congratulate themselves upon tho allies they have sclectad, Senator Bonsx's proposition is a stop be- yond that of his Democratic colleagues, Hoe, of course, shares the hostility to letting the negro learn to read and write; but his dis. gust for toaching negroos oxtends to schools generally. The Stato has established, too, schools for the education of teachers, froa to all poraong from all parts of the State. The object of these achools is to furnish os far a9 possible a Jorge annual corps of qualified teachers for the schools, public and private, in the State. Theso pupils are not only edu- cated, but have a special education as teach- ers, ond are trained and experienced in their profeasion, The University at Normal has not only furnished numbers of teachers, but has sent forth many who, in like man. ner, have taught others how to teach, The University at Anna has but rocontly begun, but it was needed, and will in due timo bo of great value to the State, Good teachers aro essential to good schools; the better tho teachers, the botter the schools, and experience has shown that the best tcachers are they who have been specially eCusated as such, Scnator Burks and his Bourbon colleagues wish to break up those teachers’ colleges, They look upon schools as nurgerios of intelligence, and teachers os emissaries of knowledge; both, the untiring enemies of ignoranco, ‘The less improved tho toachers, the poorer the schools, and the lesa dangerous to that Democracy whioh reata upon o basis of ignorance, do- pravity, and prejudice, and whose funda- mental principle is that the American Union is not a nation, but a mero leaguo or partner- ship of independent States, of which tho Goneral Government is tho creation, Tho fower and poorer aro tho rehools, the moro people will beliove such stuf and nonsense, Tho Democratic proposition to convert tho Normal Schools into asylums for tho incur- ablo insane and fecble-minded cnn only re- ecive the support of tho feeble-minded class of poople who are ridden and drivon by auch inctirablo Bourbon bigots as thia man Dunne, of Maconpin, We hope that tho Republican * Indepond- ents" who olevated a confrore of this bigot to the Presidency of the Senato can reconcile their acts with their conscience. But it is not our purposo to arguo the ques. tion with those nogro-hating and intelligonce- hating Bourbons, but simply to invite the at- tention of the Republican Independents in both branches of tho Legislature, ned of their constituents, to the political associates they have selected, and with whom they have choson to fraternize. ts AHINTIN MUNICIPAL REFORM. Some timo ago a Commission of tive men was appointed to prepnro s new charter for tho municipality of Boston. Ita most promi- nent momber was Judge B, 2. Cuntis, who was perhaps tho ablest constitutional lawyer in the country. Before his death, last Sop- tember, tho main provisions of the charter wore all decided upon, so that the instrument bears the weighty impress of his hand throughout. The chartcrhasto bo submitted to the City Couneil, which will probably re- ject it, since it curtaila the power of tho Couneil and sadly interferes with ring rule in Gencral. It can then, however, bo presented to tho Legislature. If ratified by that body and by the popular vote, it will become a law, despite the Council, It is full of hints for Chicago reformers, and wo therefore skotch its scope with somo detail. ‘The‘exccutive and logivlative functions are sharply divided, and the former is centered in the Mayor, His term of office is fixed at three years, and he is to receive an “honor- able and adequate” salary, which mnst not be changed during his teria. Ho has tho veto powor, appoints, with the approval of the Council, oll hends of Departinents and mom- bers of Commissions, excopt somo of the School Board, and has entire control of tho police, It will be seen that his duties and responsibility aro greatly magnificd. Tho legislative branch is to consist of two Houses, —twelvo Aldermen, chosen for threo years, one-third of them annually, and forty-cight Councilmen, chosen for two years, half of them annually, It is expressly provided that no Alderman or Councillor shall dischargo any exeontive function or spend any of the public money, Tho executive Dopartments are many,—altogether too many. ‘There aro fifteen of them. Fourteen ore under the charge of Commissions of from three to five mombers. Tho remaining ono, the Public School Board, consists of six members ap- pointed by the Mayor and ao committee of forty-cight, elected by the people, two from each ward. ‘This machinery seems altogother too cumbrous, Government by Commissions or Boards is an outgrowth of Inte years, and has served as a cover for tho most stupendous frauds. It was tho machinery with which Tweep worked, and the minor Twerps of other cities have found it an apt tool for their purposes, It scatters responsibility, whereas the great reform needed, in municipal and national politics, is to concentrate responsi- bility, This is the weak point of the Boston charter, It is something to be shunned, not copied, by Western reformers, Tho Mayor, to be sure, has tho power of removing his appointees, and this is an admirablo pro- vision, but it is not enough, No ring of four or five mon can be broken up by dis- placing one or two of its members. Each Dopartment should bo under tho control of one man, appointed by and removable by tho Mayor. Thon responsibility is reduced to a afino point, and men intrusted with powor dare not misuse it, The wystem of govern. ment by Boards is largely due to the costly passion for multiplying offices which can be used as political bribes,-and to the fact that it furnishes auch a safo cloak for corruption, ‘There ia no more senso in having a Board of Fire Affairs than a Board of Mayors. When centralization of power involves greater, in- stead of loss, responsibility to tho people, it is something to be sought instead of shunned. THE ‘COUP DIETAT” SYSTEM, Our correspondent at New Orleans, “Reno,” has ponetrated the superficial crust of the presert Louisiana oxcitement, and, in his lettor printed in Tue Tarnvve of yoster- day, he came nearer the fundamental error of tho Louisiana poople than any correspondont who has writton of their troubles. ‘They lic beyond the Wintz Legislature, beyond tho emeute of Sept. 14 last, boyond tho Kzxzoca election of 1872, and beyond the Reconstruc- tion of 1868, ‘They are to bo found in the character of the people from whom New Or- Jeong and tho greator part of Louisiana aro composed. Thoy aro tho ofmanations of a deep-rooted disloyalty of long-standing, and native predisposition to hatred and rebellion against the FederalGovernment, Tho funda- montal errors of the Louisiana poople may be divided into threo classes, viz. : Genorio, traditional, and political, I. The gonerio trouble with Lonisiana is that its influential people belong mainly to the Latin raco. Tho Briton aud Touton unite in dovotion to parliamentary, constitu- tions] government, and tho settlement of dis- putes by the judiciary, Thoy frame statutes and submit private and political complica. tions to their solution, They are cool, de- liberate, and Inw-abiding. No 20 tho Celtic Latins. They believe in tho revolutionary, coup d'etat system. They hold that tho mi- nority may rule whenever they dovelop suftt- cient physical force or political cunning to overthrow tho majority rwlo. Tho coup detat theory has come down to thom as an heir-loom of their race, As it provaila to-day, in France and Spain, so it pre- vails in Louisiana, If-ropressod at all, it must be by tho force of arms, As the peo- ple of the North appeal to tho ballot-box, so the people of Louisiana appeal to nitro. glycerine and gunpowder, Thoy must have 4 periodical explosion, The French Crooleof New Orleans whips out hia rovolver or draws his bowie-knifo as readily ag tho Communist of Paris throws petroleum. Revolution to them is@ heaven-born right. Like Doanzn. ny’s reading and writing, it comos by nature. Self-government means that every man shall govern according to his own notions, and whenever he is inthe minority he resorts to the coup d'etat to secure tho privilege, IL, The traditional trouble with tho Loui- aisna people, liko the genorio, is disloyalty, New Orleans is Louisiana, just os Paris is France. And Now Orleans has always been adisloyal city, It hoa never had any sympa- thy with tho American people, Thero wasa protest when Frinco cold the province to the United States to save losing it in tho struggle with Groat Britain, France could transfor the territory, but not tho love and allegianca of tho Louisiana peoplo, They retained their superstitions, their language, their customs, and characteristics aa a dis- tinct people. On ono side of Canal strect itt New Orleans, in a largo part of tha ‘Techo country, and in many of the planta. tions along the river, ono would think him. self in France rather than Amerien, Ho seca French costumes, meets French faces, and hears nothing but the French language. It is not strange that apcoplo who have retained tho language, personal chnractoristics, and associations of tho insurrectionary French peoplo should adhere to the French theory of revolution, IL. ‘The political troublo with the Loui- siana people is the survival of the effete soph: ism of State Sovereignty, ‘Chis political hor. esy is decply instilled in their minds and hearts, They regard the State as tho only sovereign, and this sovereign is subject te the vagarics of a revolutionary people. As te the National Government, the people of Lo. isiaua Lelievo that it oxists and has authority only in the cnstom-houses, mints, forts, men.of-war, the District of Columbia, and the Western Territorios, They do not con- cedo, however, that it has anything whatovar to do with the preservation of Louisiana at a State or tho loyalty of the Louisiana peopto to tho nation. This belief in Stato Sover. oignty was not eradicated by tho Civil War. Tho Federal army of occupation had not becn withdrawn from Louisiana beforo the peor la wore rampant in their reassortion of the St:.te Sovereignty doctrinc, It is thoir poli bulwark, Behind it thero may be auare’.y, revolution, disorder, rebellion, and bloodshed, But tho United States Government must look on in silenco and permit the people of Lon’si. ana to assert tho inolienable right and natural proclivity of coup d'etat and throat-cuttirg. Ina community controlled by such ¢le. ments as wo havo described it is too much te hope that we shall have, for generations to come, such quiet, loyalty, and peace as wo find in Hlinois, or Ohio, or any other State fundamentelly American in feoling, associa. tion, tradition, pride and hope, There will bo more or less political disturbance just so long as tho coup d'etat system oxercises a control, Tho National Government must expect revolution and anarchy just so long 48 State Sovereignty is the abiding faith of tho ruling classes, But reason and experienco alike dictate tho necessity of meoting Stato Sovereignty and coup d'etat with the strong arm of the Government. They can oaly be put down by the force of tho bayonet; and, while tho lessons of the Rebollion are so re- cont, wo must be prepared to moct them with superior force wherever they show their heads, THE STATE PENITENTIARY, The bionnial roport of tho Commisnioners of the Illinois 8tato Penitentiary is s very intorest- ing document, Many of ita details havo boon rocoived by telegraph and published, ‘Tho Com- missfonors roport that tho institution has hoen self-sustaining for over two yoare, Thia isin excollent contrast with the condition of th pris- on some fow yoara ago, whon the cost of main- talning it was $1,000 a day in addition to tho earnings of the 1,000 convicts. For the changes that havo evontuated in the groat reform that has takon placo fa this roapect the State is in- dobted largely to Mr. Exaen Wasimuny, firat a Commissioner and afterwarda Warden of tho prison. Tho number of prisoners now in con- finomont is 1,353, of whom 15 are women. Tho Increase in two yoara hag beon 98, One thonsand and wevonty-two of theso convicts ara ex ployod under contract at making cigars, harnosy, shoes, cooperage, sod in the stone shops. Tho others aro variously employed about the prison, Six are in nolitary confinement. Large permanent improvements and additions have been made to the workshops the last two yeara. Forty-cight prisoners are undor lifo se::tences, Tho crimes for which they are convicted, and other circumstances attending their condition, Bro stated as follows : One hundred and forty-five for murdor, 34 for man- slaweuter, 68 for burgiary and larceny, 654 for larceny, 67 for nssauit to kit! aud inurder, 19 fur raps, £3 for ase sault tocommit rape, and 37% for other crimes ; of which, by occupation, 239 are farmers, 369 lab rer, 30 clorke, 37 carpenters, 40 shoemakera, £8 ‘atouc-cutters, 2 teamators; ¢f which 1,013 are native and 340 tore elgn born ; and of tho foreign born 101 are Irish, 00 Germans, 60 English, 61 Canadians; and of colored, 165 ; that Cook County senda upwards of 25 per ceub of all; that tho average length of acntences, exclusive of life, ia about 4 soars atid 11 montha; the cggregate years of sentences, 0,352; and that of religicus thera bro 980 professed Noman Oatholics, 82 Metho.lintu, 23 Prosbyterian: utheraus, 49 Baptists, and 808 niake no profesulo per cent profess denominat{oual to- Ugious belief ; 2,020 can read and write, 197 read only, aud 200 have no education + 76 por cent read aud write, 14 per cent have no education, and about 8 per cont ouly read ; G89 are of temporato habits, 764 of datem- yerate bnbite ; and that in 1873 there wera 45 recom= ruiioents for tho secoud term and 6 for the thicd term {n 1974, 88 reeommnitmonts for the second torca, 15 for the third, 11 for the fourth, 1 for the Afth, ard 1 fot the wixth term in, this prison, In how ‘many other prisons they may havo beon'we have no record of means of knowing toa certaiuty. That, from an {n~ perfuct record, we know of thous now confind her upwards of 10 per cont bave boen here befre, an many of them soveral times, The Beard bear commendatory testimony as to tho akill and fidelity of tho phyaician, Dr. A. W. Huse, and also of the Chaplain, The Commlesionora strongly ineist upon the policy of uniting reform with punishment as tho ond sought by ponitentiary imprisonmoat : ‘Tho inclination 1s to regard a peraon sent to the Pou. itentlury os #0 out of tho reach of, below, anc buyout the offect of auyattempla at reformation, tut tha principlos here enunclated are entirely too sob fracutel und utopian to be of fractical utility, but we Ire taka tholiberty and responsibil#y of siying, that in our opluion we are awifily approaching a» day whe. it will be practically domonstrated to the world (with all due reapect to the opiutons of tho past) that convict are 10 Homore economically, emiciently, ond tn all respect Letter governed and controlled by aproals tot! ely i= telligeuce and individual manhood than by th: upplts cation of former phyricul znd cruol muthods of puizih« ment, . . , When it ia consldcred that our prison {n on the congregate piau, und that, by rule, atiict ei- Jonce must bo observed by the cunviot, hund:ede of thetn working aldo by side, for days aud year, with« out being allowed to speak or hold commubicat!.u by word or aig, aud that with upwards of 1,000 inou of sli conceivable natures, dispositions, im: ule 3, and grodos of intellect, and many of ‘thers ro. Jess und desperato characters, better order and discipline must be maintained iu all parts aud devor'e ments of tho prison thau in apy achool in the! n}, 1 will not be surprising to learu that willing obt-tion'e {a not ulways given or tobe expected by all, 2¢,wto enforce such divcipline in 3 manner consister: with, the feelings of sn cnlightened humanity iu the azo in which we livo, fé 8 quostion agitating the minds cf (he thinking prison-men of tho world to-dsy, It ia ueles# or liave Deen abolisued in prisuos throughou: Bulico itto ay x tent now mitileted in this prison ig ment in a largo, light, aud well-v Pine for, on & scant, tiated cell, with dist of bread and water unt submiasion and obedtonce ty promised and iuarred. ‘Tho prisonor 1a simply left alone, no torture ix pepe po suger 19 aroused ; but with ‘the passing awa hig exuberanco of animal Ufc, Mis turbulent and 1¢ bolllous feclings disappear ; ‘reflection comes, ot pleto aubmitseiuk scon follows, aud he bege to bo pat to work with bis fellows, ‘The moral effect of such. @ modo when contrasted with corporal punishme:it which degrades both the convict and the porson w.0 {ntiicta it, must be apparent, Oue arouses the baxt possfons—the oticr acta upon the reilective and rex soning facultics; one ia brutal, tho other is human} ‘one accomplishea the deetrod end, the othor only or” coms thy powers of s convict fur phywicul endurance and suffering, and debseos oud excites him to freed insubordination when opportunity ahall occur, ‘This theory cf punishing couvicta as mun iuatecd of simply aulmnels fs accuriug great coustdoration by th Deut aud most expertouced prison mon of our countths and while the experiences and observation of Wé oficere of this privon fu this regard are of coca! Umited, we fool susured that tho rocord of the kind a quantity of punishment, as well au the prestt state of diéciciple tu’ the Illinois Btate Leu fentlary, proves beyond question that a mud more hUmane syatem of priscu ducipline is to uskorsd upon us, aod that the tegitiinute reeulte of iM adoption hore aro evorything thut could be expected= not deiitious and unreal, but eminently practical sud satiefuctory, ‘Thiy mode of punishment, taken in connection wild the Good ‘Vine law, under whichaf uo infraction of tit Fulus is connmtted, sentences are diminished ou (bt Bvorexe of five and two-fifths mouths per year, or, Le diwabeye and fa punisued, the convict reveutencd Dimself to wo much longer ‘torm—shows to bim tat solely Npou bts behavior depends tho cmount of bi punishment, In our opinion, no ue thing exerias atrong an iofluonce over thoconduct of these mea @ tho * Guod Timo " law, showing that, no matter wh a man's neture msy be, the deprivation af beriy, a