Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 11, 1875, Page 4

a THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY, JANUARY 11, 1875. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATER OF RUMACRIPTION (PAYANLY, TH ADVANCE), Postage Vrepald at this OMices laity, by tu @ES.00 [ Sunday. Batreke 818-80 | Wear Partact a tho same rate, ‘Teprere:, +. ns sud mistakes, bo sure and giro Post. Ofica addicrs*t foll, including Btate and Counts. Remittances may be mado olthor by draft, exprot, Post QfKoe order, of in registered letters, at out risk, TERMS TO CITY SUNSCRIBERS, ‘ ad, Bunday excepted, 25 conts per woek Datiy, delivered, Sunday Inclnded, 30 conta por wook Address THE TRINUNE COMPANY, * Corner Madiaon and Dearboi Chicago, It, ‘TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. Detiy, di ADELPHI THRATRE—Desrboru atrost, corner Mon~ roe. Variety entetainmont. 10. MUSEUM—Monroe stroot, between Dear- bern ead Water rtroe Vena tna Slawtrape? Lit FP MUSIC—Halated street, hotween Mad- agra Monee Engagement of Obsrloite Thomprom, Jane Eyre." HOOLRY'S THRATRE—Randoinb, street, between cherond LaSalle: st in London,” M'VICKER'S THRATRE—Madlson atreot, detwean Reachorn, and Riato. “Eugagument ef Ben De Ber, ee ianry BVO GRAND, OPERA-HUUSE—Clark | sireot, Rate House, MONDE A Leawe Minvtesle, Grace the Dul opporite Dee His INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS, PAGE-City an} Buburban Real Estate, Konia. For ato, Lave and Hound, glow cia. scmonts, ‘deoan’ Steatnsl MYRallruad "TiinorTable, Bledica THIRD Pant he Chicaga Tribune. Monday Morning, January 11, 1875. Axprtont, a hard-shell Democrat from Jackson County, will introduce in the Hlinois Legislature to-day a bill to repeal the Mixed Schools act of 1874. Isn't it about time for tho enlightened Independents to be shrived ? Tho withdrawal of Judgo Dinntr and Con- gressmon Sypuer from tho Keutoaa party hos surprised everybody; but$wo have not heard that their desertion has distressed the Republicans or encouraged the Democrats to any appreciable extent. And Sumniman still stays in New Orleans undismayed, Rumors of dissensiong in the Cabinet over {he Louisiana muss are abounding, and wo five some of the best and latest of them this morning. It is culy fair, however, to remind tho confiding reader that Secretary Fis has been going to resign any time these fouryears, and that tho renowed rumors of his terrible and implacable wrath ought by this time torest yasy on the soul. It will be noticed that tho torrespondents havo picked out for resigna- tion the men in the Cabinet whom the Re- pubdlicaus can least afford to spare,—such as Fisa, Jewrt, and Brisyow. We don't bear that Wirtzams hea any inlontion of resign- ing. for short ribs, nnd 10c forshort clear. Dressed hogs were quiet and steady at 87.75@8.15 per 100 tbs, Tlighwinos were active and firmer, closing at 941-20, Flonr wos dull and unchanged, Wheat was less active and 140 higher, closing at 88 5-80 cash, and 89 1-40 seller February. Corn was moro active and 1-2c higher, closing at 65 1-2c cnsh, and 71 3-fe seller May. Onts were in fair demand and 1-40 higher, closing at 52 1-4e cash, and 52 1-2c for February. Rye was quict nt 96@96e, Varley was quiet and a shade firmer, closing at $1.24 1-4 cash, and 81.25 1-4 for February. Hogs wero in good demand at steady priecs, Sales at #6,00@ 7.46, Cattle woro fairly active ond firm. Sheep were steady. In the editorial yesterday on the state of the city’s finances, speaking of delinquent uncollected taxes since 1849, the types make us say that they must oxceed ten millions, when tico was the word intended, ns tho read- er probably discovered by tho context. The two millions is the amount which, we pre- sume, is lost for good, and of which none will ever be recovered, Of course thoso lost taxes constitute a large part of the existing fonting debt, The interest thereon must amount to $$160,000 or more per annum, and the money to pay this interest has to be borrowed, aud of course is added to the flonting debt, helping to swell it, for the renson explained in that article, viz.: that the tax levied by the Council is barely equal to the appropriations Gen. Snenipan by every imnginablo designa- tion, from Jupas Iscantor to Harnav. The honest, candid observer, who is will- ing to look at the facts as they occurred, cannot read this report by Gon, Snent- DAN without feeling that the interfer- enco by the military in Louisiana on the 4th was eminently proper on both oc. ensions, When first inyoked, there was all the appearance of 8 bloody conflict in tho lobby. Tho Democrats appealed to Gen, Dr Troxsnranp to suppress the disorder, which he did. Tho Democrats then, being in a minority, called in five persons from the lobby and declared them to bo members; these men wora not named on the list of those returned as elected, and who, undertho Jaw, were alone authorized to take sents or take part in the organization of the Houso. Tho sceond interference was upon the np- plication of fifty-two members, indorsed by the Governor of the State, and was confined to tho ejection of the five intruders. It must be borne in mind that the presonce of the military in Now Orleans was not a spontaneous affair. They had been legally and constitutionally called thero by the revo- lutionary emeute of Sept. 14, when the State Government was deposed by an armed mob and another Government unlawfully placed in power, ‘The troops were then sent there, under legnl requisition of the State authorities, to defend the recognized State Government, Tho meeting of tho Legisla- which they make. A cost of 10 per cent on the collection of the tares produces 4 deficit intho year’s revenue of half a million, to bo added to the floating debt. Whero is this sort of business going toend? The Mayor says in his last messago that the uncollected tnxea of 1872 amount to $338,962.26, and that 20 per cent of the tax of 1873 “stands on appeal and in tax certificates.” This 20 per cont amounts toa million of dollavs, And yot, in the face of this wretched condition of the city’s finances, the Citizens’ Association aro using their influence in support of Gen. Suaren’s mad-cap scheme to double the Fire Department and adda million a year to its cost, Would it not be better and wiser to take steps to make the receipts of revenue equal the expenditures, and stop increasing the floating debt from half to three-quarters of a million a year? Would it not also be well to devise somo means of paying off the floating debt, which now con- siderubly exceeds three millions of dollars? Is the present systom a wise one of collecting city taxesten to fifteen months after the ap- propriations are made and tho monoy spont? Should not steps be taken to amend the law for the collection of taxcs so that they may bo collected within the municipal year in which they are expended? It was formerly so; but the Legislature of 1871-2, at the in- Spain has offered to settle the Virginius guéstion on tho same basis ss that allowed Grent Britain, paying £600 for the family of every white person killed, and £500 for ench eolored family. This, to be sure, is estimat- ing human lifo at pretty low figures; but it was not to the sum that our Govern. ment objected. The provision which could not be accepted was the discrimination on ac- count of race, Of course such a proposition could not be entertained by a Government which rocognizos no distinction between black and white. Some new basis of settlo- ment is now being sought, aud it is believed one will goon be ronched. The Sub-Committee of the Honse Sclect Committee appointed to investigate Louisi- tua affairs hes returned to Washington, The Associated Presa hos learned that the Sub- Committee will probably make a report Mrongly favoring the Conservative side, and we shall not be surprised if the facts bear sut this information. Fosrzn, Puszrs, and Porren are the Sub-Committee. None of then Js an ardent supporter of the Adrainistration. It is said tho Committeo will report that the iction of the Returning Board is illegal; that tho testimony does not sustain the tharges of violenco and intimidation, but tather tends to establish the fact that a large number of negroes voted the Demoerstio Nicket ; and that the Krxz.0ag Government is submitted to only under tho preasure of the uilitary power, A letter from Washington this morning tets out to show that there is more danger of Torr Scort's raid on the ‘Trorsury succeeding ‘han is commonly supposed. This may be true, and yet the outlook for Mr. Scorr's lobby may be pretty dismal. ‘The elements Vf strength in tho raid are thus stated: First, has a powerful lobby, under the leader, thip of Gen. G, W. Dovox, the ‘ missing witnens” of Credit Mobilior days, Next, it is sustained and encouraged by the South in Benoral, and St. Louis in particular, as being B measure of compensation for the building vf the Unionand Central PaoificRoads. While wo aro disposod to think that both theso in. Huences combined will be powerless to cor. rupt Congress at this session, yet wo aro glad to hava the whole case go before the people sgain and again, in order that the punishment ‘f Congressmen who vote for flagrant sub- sidy bills may be epoedy and effectual, —_——_ In publishing the annual message of Gov. Buvzaipox in advance of its delivery to tho General Assembly, the St. Louis Democrat was guilty of an act of indecency and bad Iaith which no respectable journal will fail to teprobate. In order to aid tho newspapers in giving the fullest and most socurate report vf the messnge, the correspondents wero furnished with copies, They bound thera. velves by a solemn compact not to publish, the message until after its delivery, The bollowing papers subscribed to the compact: Tux Cntcago Tamuny, the Chicago Journal, he Chicago Times, tho Chicago Post and Wail, the Chicago Inter.Ocean, tho Bt. touls Globe, the St. Louis Republican, the is St. Louis Demoorat, the Peoria Transori- t, fro Quincy Wig, the Springfield Blate.P iy" ter, and the Bloomington Pantagraph She Jt, Louis Democrat alona broke fp’ ith with ihe Governor. Ite manager, 3, G v Frets 340K, cannot lay the blame up an Gan 8, Hantow, as that gentlemar advised him if the conditions upon whic’ hy ‘ ad wos furnished, Unless thor ° auveet of the Denoorat can turn! _***ponsible editor planation, he atands o ssh a roasonable ex- nol. pibtvly «Pi peateas? myvicted of 4 breach re y of p onal but ef personal mnioy, Ff a subardiy te ible f the ontrage upan ¢ #0 Was responsible for thould be made b «he Governor, atonement hy pablicatlen _ 7 his instant dismissal and e ey = of his nome. go produce markets were goner- The Chino By Sry 6, Tg? agate, stance of the tax-dghters, extended the tima for the collection of the taxes yovernl months, which has done the City Government much harm, —__— GEN. SHERIDAN'S REPORT. ‘Tho report mado by Gen, Suentpan to the President of the oyents at Now Orleans on the ith inst, will be rend with interest. Though not personally in command on that day, ho makes hia statement of what took place upon reliablo end authentic informa- tion. His statement of facts contirms our previous reports except in ono particular, and gives somo additional circnmstances, Briefly, he states that for several days provious to the dth there wero wild reports as to the scenes of blood that would take place on the 4th; that he had heard ropeated thrents of asgasvinating the Governor, and like threats of assassinating Republican members of the Legislature. Ho also know of the kidnapping of Br, Cousr, one of the Republican members, to prevent his being present; that in ordor to pregorvo the peace and make the State-House safe for the assembling of tho Legialature, Gen. Exony, upon tho requisition of the Governor, Stationod troops in the vicinity of the build- ing, Gen. Suenrpan states that 102 legalty- elected members answered to their names ; of these, 62 were Ropublicans and 50 Democrats. In this Gon. Swentwax differs from tho pro- vious accounts, which represented that there wora 53 Democrats and 51 Republicans pres- ent. The New Orleans Ienublican, profess- ing to publish tha oficial record, places tho whole number present at 102, Why tho threo Democrata were absent is not oxplained. Subsequont votes showed them all to bry Present. Gen, Brrnman describes the scones in tl 19 House pretty much as our dispatches ht ive stated them. Bofore the Clerk, who by! nw ‘was authorized to call the roll of the legs illy. elected members, hod fuished, it was m sved by some ono that Wrurz be declared tempe mary Speaker, and tho mover declared the motion corried! Witz instantly soized the chai r,and announced himself Speaker! In like mau. ner a Clerk was declared elected, aud a Ser- geantat-Arma with authority to select os. sistants waa appointed, That tliese procoed- inga were concerted was proven by the in- stantancous appearance jn all ports of tho hall of men wearing badges as “ Aasjatant Sergeant-at-Arma.” Upon the attempt of the Tepublicans to leayo the hall on account of these outrages, Wirz directed that they be prevented. ‘his fed to excitement and up- roar, in which knives and pistols wero freely drawn. At this moment a Democratic mem. ber moved, and it was declared by Wau72i carried, that the Traited States troops. be in- vited to preservy, the pence, and that 9 com- mittee of five ‘pa appointed to ask Gen. De ‘TropRraND und request his assistan ¢¢ in clear- ing tha Jobby. When Gon. De Tropntaxp and hiv, troops appeared in tho } inll ha was &reot od with applauso by the Democratic Me bers. When the General had restored Yeaco, the Speaker, on motion, thanked him “for hie interference” in 1 schalf of law and order. Here wo have the authent’ o history of the beginning of the military interference. It was diroctly invoked by tho Democratio mem- bors, and the military did not oppoar until o committee of tho Democ ratio members had in person requeated it. After tho military had thus interposed tc, protect the House from disorder and bloc dshed, tho Speaker in the name of the Legis’ oture and of the State thanked the commaud sng ofilcer, In the meantime, J ifty-two other membera of the Legislature ir al addressed a note to the Governor stating th at the organization of the House had beenseiz ad by force, and that certain persons not membiers, who had never been returned as momb«ms, had been admitted and were acting as members, and asking him to interfere for their protuction. The Gover- Saturday, with o fair busincas in | nor, upon this petition, requested Gon, Dz Mess pork was quict aud | Tropnrayn to interpose to protect the Jegal Uc per brl higher, closing at $18.80 | members, and to remows from the hall all coy gud $19.02 1.2 seller February. Lard | others not members, Tlais request was com- activo end excited, averaging ldo per 100 | plicd with, and this second interference of ’ 618.05 geller February, a higher; it closed at 913.55 cash, andj the military is the om) against which tho Meats wore quiet | Democrats and the Democratio ywess ore And firm at U 5.8@6 8-4¢ for shoulders, 9 5-80 | howling, and for which they are don ouncing turo was tho assembling of another branch of that Goverament, and it was as much the duty of tho military to protect that branch of the Government. as it was to protect the Governor and other State officers, Both sides knew that the military wero in the city under legal requisition to protect all branches of the State Government from personal violence, invasion, overthrow, or disturbance. Under tho law, certain 106 members were da- olared the only lawful members of tho Legis- Inture, The military could recognize no others, Upon the application of the Demo- cratic baif of theso members, the military ejected the noisy snd tnrbulent intraders in the lobby ; upon the application of tho other half of the members, backed by the Gov- ernor, the military interfered to eject the five intruders who had attempted to cxercise the functions of members. Will any one, in this array of the actual facta, find any evidence of ‘military usurpation,” military opprosafon. or of militery destruction ofcivil liberty? Didthe military who wore legally present for the specitio duty of pro- tecting the several branches of the Legisla- ture from violence, disturbauce, or revolu- tion, in any way exveed their funotions, or act except upon the express request of those com- petent to dosu? Wherein was the second interference in the least lesa authorized or proper than ‘dhe first? Wherein was it any more an interference with the liberty of tho Legislature {hen was the first one, for which the Dernoraats, in the namo of the State of Lonisiunn, thantcad the Commanding General ? Was not the whole proceeding of Monday Inst but ona incentive to the somi-revolution- ary condition of Louisiana sever since 1861? Hes thera beep, » day since then that tho Stata has not been in rebellion, disordor, turyult, and revolution? Does not every ona ky.ow that, if the militnry be withdravn from the State, there would be a general massacre of avory man now in office who did not resign or flee the State? Had there been no military in New Orleans on the {th inst., there would have been on armed conflict in the Houso of Representatives, in which the trained raem- bers of the White Leaguo bands would havu joined. Instead of heaping denunciations upon Sairipan for interfering to preserva tho pen co, had there been no military in Now Orleans: on the 4th, or had they abstained from interfo: rence, tho country would now be dis. cuasin; ¢, in all probability, tho ovorthrow of all Gov sernment in that State by revolution, at a cost, , porhaps, of meny hundreds of lives, A cool, calm, and considerate raviow of the facta must satisfy overy man that the inter. fera: 3ca that did take place was propor in itself, and that it saved an almost certain heavy g8a¢ rifice of human life. THE ROURBON HOWL, ‘The most absurd and incomprehensible fkatura connected with the Louisiana cat aud-dog fight is the attitude of the Demo. erntic partisan press, North and South, not only with reference to the situation itself, but also with reference to Gon. Saxnmpan and tho President, The whole Bourbon pack, with scarcely an exception, without waiting for facta or reliable information, has broken outintos howl which is simply demoninc. A fow extracts will be sufficient to show the trath of this assertion, Says the Cincinnati En- quirer; **Sorrtpan is our American Manat, His antecedonts render him worthy of the distinction.” The Now York Herald saya: “The President has become a dictator.” The New York Hvening Post calls for the im- peaschment: of the Prosident. The Now York World says: “It is not good that Gnanr should pause until ho has filled wp the whole mecaure of tho wrongs that a senseless and hesottod tyrant in his place could commit.” The Philadelphia Age calls Suenrman ‘ Vanaa- sepa,” “Hayyav,” and “bloodthirsty mon- stor.” The Now York Berpres soya: “The President invites his own doom and that of his party by using the bayonet to undo the work done by the ballot.” The New York Sun soys: “Grant and his plundering crow do not intend to givo up office in pence, They mean to keep power, if they can,‘and to inaugurate revolution after the fashion of Mexico. Let them take hecd now how they atir the wrath of the lion that lies in the way of their march to a third term. The Ameri. can people are patient, but there are some things which they will not bear." The Mobile Register soya: “If Guawr will not remove his hindquarters from tho Presidential saddle quietly, the people will have to unhoree him without much cere. mony.” The Richmond Whig saya: ;“1f Suenwin’s fiendish gonl could but be de- lighted with authority from Washington to do it, he would proceed promptly, and with a hellish chuckle of triumph, to shoot and hang citizens of Louisinna as if they were dogs.” The Wilmington (N. 0.) Starsays: ‘Bur. ies at New Orleans hanging citizens, in- sulting women, is the nearest approximation jn all the corth'’s story of brutality to this heinous deed of Sultan Wittrama aud hia raiding, roving, braggart satrap.” The Nash- ville Banner says; “The outrages now being perpetrated in Louisiana—notoriously, in 1860-41, the most conservative Bouthemn State fm tho Union—furnish far more guf- ficient pretext for resisting partisan authori. ties, calling themselves ‘the Government,’ with a big ‘G,' than were offerod in 1861," ‘The above aro samples of the way in which the moro violent partisans of the publio press are treating the Louisiana matter, Mean- while, Democratic Governors are adding thelr howls to the chorus, headed by Fog-Horn Auta, of Ohio, who abrieks bimealf hearse with “tyrant,” “dospot,” fire,” thunder,” “Nzno,” ote., ote., and the Démocratic bum- mer crowdat Springfield aro conding out flam- ing manifertos, calling people to hurl down tyrants and arm for their liberties, aud other such demnagogionl bosh, Now what point ia there to all this stuf!? What end do these hot-hended anti-Repnhlican bigota expect to accomplish with such howling? Gen, Suentpan has dono nothing. Ho has only talked and tnlked,—somowhat indiscroetly at first. Gnrawr has dono nothing at all. Would it not, thon, have beon moro decent for these hot-headed partisana to have waited for the facta before they touched themeolves off? The facts aro now slowly coming in., Tho Wiurz branch of tho Logislature has made its statement. Gen. Snentpan has made his statement. Between the two comes Judgo Dinotr's statement. Thora are yet to come the Kexroce Legisla- turo statement, the statemont of the Con- gressional Investigating Committees, who wero on the ground at the time of the row, and tho Prosident's measnge, which has been ealled for by tho Senate, in accordance with Mr. Taunman's resolution, When these doc- uments are allin, then tho testimony will be complete, and s competent ond intelligent judgment can be formed. Until such time, this kind of vituperation, porsonal abuse, aud demoninenl bawling settles nothing. It is not reason, it is not argument. It is simply a howl of frenzy for dastardly parti- san purposes,~—a “firing of the Bour- bon henrt,"—nnd it is fortunate for the peace of the country that tho settlement of the question will not be intrusted to such incondiaries, who are simply trying to fan a conflagration and not suggesting any rom- edy for extinguishing it, nud founing it with- out any iden of the disastrous consequences which may ensue. We have faith that the President, when he does speak, will suggest a sufficient and fair remedy, and that Con- gress will have the good sense to apply it promptly, Mennwiaile, these misleading par- tisans and molicioas demagogucs should at least have the decency to,stop their noiso until thera is something to make noise about. Bawling ‘ Haynau” at Suenipax, who has os yet done nothing at all (all the events of tho 4thof Jannary having taken place boforeho was in command of tha troops), and “tyrant” at the President, who has neither acted nor spoken, and pending his message which has been asked for by the Sonate, neither states any facts, makes any argument, or suggests. any remedy, THE NIGHER LAW. We havo often raised our voice against what some call the ‘ /igher lat0,"—that is, lynch law,—which is so emphatically at war with the civil Inw of the land. If, in the course of a generation, a enso occurs in which tho arm of the civil law proves too wenk to cope with the combinations of criminals and bring real offenders to justice,—when neatly all the weil-moaning men in a community bayo deemed it their duty to combine their physical strongth, and deliberately rise above tho law, which thoy found inadequate to pro- tect thum and clear the community of com- bined desperndoes, thoy forget that their ex- amunplo is sure to be seized upon o8 on example by those same desperadoas, or oth- ers like them, to assumo the garb of injured innocence, and, under the plea of that samo necessity, turn away suspicion from them- selws by charging their own guilt to inno- ceat parties whose execation shall satisfy an owraged community. Thus, by adding mur- dex to their other crimea, they claim applause for their affected zonal, whilo they should be suffering under the law for its violation. Under what is termed lynch law, the inno- cont is sure to suffer with the guilty. It is generally executed on passionato impulse, if notia deliberate purposa of guilt to prey upon innocenee, It must always act upon suspicion, while the history of tho world proves that the strongeat eircumstances may be capable of oxplanation. Wo have lately becn painfully reminded of tho horrible. workings of this lynch law by the story which appeared in these columns a short lime ainco of the brutal murder of tho youngest son of the late Gov. Foun, of this “State, by ao gang of dix men, in Western Kan. sag, on the pretonse that ho was a horse.thief. ‘Tho wholastory, socircumetantially told, tends strongly to show that the lynchors, or at lonst the leaders of them, were the real horse- thieves, and were dotermined to find a victim in order to divert suspicion from themselves, ‘The young man asserted his innocence, and begged them, in that awful moment when tho rope was already round his neck, to do. ay but as ingle minute, and rend tho letters and papers then in his pocket, which would conclusively prove his innocence, That was what they did not want; they wanted a victim, and the more innocent the better, for thon they would the more folly gratify their Tevenge against the innocant portion of the community who would punish thom for their toal offenses, We may safely osaume that some of the rufflans were after real offenders, for scarcely had that young heart ceased to beat whon tho Papers were examined which conclusively proved the trath of his atory and established his innocence! But it was just two minutes too late for those who only sought to punish the guilty to protect the innocent, The guilty had trlumphed over innoconce under the form of that higher law of which they liye in constant fear, The ead fate of the young man must strike 8 deoper chord of sympathy in the sensibili- tios of many of our old citizens, who well knew and most highly respected hia father. The latter was Judgo of the Ciroult Court of this county a early as 1835, and was after- wards Judge of the Municipal Court in this city, when that court was first created, In 1840 he was placed upon the Supromo Bench of this State, and in 1842 was elected Gov- ernor of the State. Ho was a sound lawyer, and, above all, was of most spotless integrity. During his odministration the negotiations with the foreign bondholders were concluded, which insured the complotion of our canal, which involved vast financial transactions, and yet he left the office of Governor so poor in purse that he had to rely on the assistance of his friends to romovo his family from Springfield to Peoria, where ha dicd a year or two lator, in the house of a friond, and was burled at the expense of friends who appro- cioted bia worth aud integrity, ‘He'left a fomily of young children with no other in. horitance than his good uame. These were adopted into families, by whom they wore properly cared for and educated, And now we have tho sad fate of the youngest, the namesake aud the favorite of his father, for whom, we are told, in his last slokness, bb 3 deepest solicitude was manifested. Woll.v ag it that the dark future of the t¢yed son was hid from the eyes of the ying father, If that young life was given up to boar an ever-spenking testimony against that sanguinary code which is as likel’s to g acrifice the imgoosat ag the guiltv. wa fos it may serve to make well-meaning men reflect he- fore they will ever again lond tho weight of thoir influence to its apport, for suroly by so doing they aro strongthening the hands of great criminals rather than driving them from tho community whore they aro a real curse. Tt we will violate the law inexceptionnl cnses, ‘wo but oncourage othors to violate it always. THE MONEY OF THE FUTURE. International exchanges are hindered by the Inck of 4 common currency and 9 coms mon unit of value. Tho first evil eannot bo removed until Austria, Italy, aud the United States crawl out of tho slough of depreciated paper iuto which their business bas sunk, Tho latter must bo obviated by the adoption of on international coinage, in which the pieces shall be of the same respective values, however much their names may vary. Several attompts at tho latter reform havo Leon made, None of them havo been strikingly succosaful. The proposed unit was badly chosen. Becansa Franco, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy havo substantially the same coinage, and he- eause the French decimal system of weights and measures had been fecbly adopt- od by a number of nations, and because tho idea of uniformity is supposed to be peculing- ly French,—for thesa reasons the 25-franc piece was chosen as the unit. Itwason un- wise selection. This piece of money dacs not exactly coincide with ony large coin of Anglo-Saxon countries, nor can it be readily divided into the amall coins now current in England, Germany, ond the United States, It is desirablo that these small coins shonid bo retained, ns far as possible, in order that the poor and the ignorant may not be foreed to disuso the only monoy with which thoy aro familiar. Moreover, since tho business of the world is mainly in Anglo-Saxon hands, the Anglo-Saxon group of nations should sottle this matter to suit thomselves first and smaller traders next. A note in Hexrs’ biography of Tuo.as Bnassey suggosts o new monotary unit. It isthe 100-real piece of Spain. The writer of tho note, who was one of Mr, Brassex's agents in the construc- tion of Spanish railways, says that the 100- real piece, with its present subdivisions, would circulate in Spain, Cuba, and nearly all South America; that it would be worth just 250 pence, or 1,000 farthings, in Grent Britnin, and go in the whole British Empire; that it would pass in Austrin a9121.2 silver florins; that it would just equal 26 franes in France, Switzerland, Iel- gium, and Italy ; and that it would circulato in the United States, in Mexico, in parts of South America, and in Portugal and China as $5. Theso figures are n trifle inaccurate, inasmuch as 1,000 English farthings aro worth about $5.0£ in Aucrican gold. At tho samo time, the 100-real piece scems to be nenror the ideal unit than any other coin yet pro- posed. The suggestion of its ndoption is worthy of consideration by persons intorest- ed in monetary reform. A ORUSHING EXFOSTRE OF JAY COORE’S The leading article in tha North American Review for January, advance sheets of which have reached us, is by Gen, W. Bi Hazy, who writes on “Tho Great Middle Region of the United States.” Gen. Hazen dovotes a doxen pngos to a reviow of tho Northern Pacific job. In that short space he exposes in the most convincing manner the hollow- ness of ell that has been said, written, and printed on tho fertility of the arid prairies and rugged hills across which the road has been surveyed, It is to be remembered that Hazew has been stationed in the country of which ho writes for years, and that his Tepu- tation as au obsorver and truth-teller is de- sorvedly high. The‘ Northern Pacifico depends upon its land-grant for the funda needed to build the road. It is now offering to return the land to the nation, but on condition that tho nation shall. give it $120,000,000 outright and poy $215,000,000 interest on that sum within forty years. Its solo plea for con- struction is that it will develop the country throug which it passes, If that country proves incapable of dovelopment, tho plea falls to the ground and tho job must bo nbandoned. It is for this reason that such denperate attempts have been mnde to ercato the impression that the land-grant is pro- posterously futile. We willlct Gon, Hazen review these attompts in his own words. He eaye: By iseuing a series of misropresontations of the climate on a part of thetr route; by causlug the preas to publish os editorials or current news the stite monta of the Company; by producing attractive dis. plays of vegetable products at fairs, grown no one knowa where, certainly in none of, the country men~ Houed aa bad in this article; by # xpcclous Utreaturo, ss magazine articles, 60 arifully written os to bido thelr intent; by engaging the religious néess and church influence of the country,—they have ‘suocoedod, to a large extent in doceiving the people, The acknowledged advertisoments of the Company have often been framed with utter disrogard of the truth, Thoy have contained statements of which the following aro types: Thia grant for its entire longth ia capable of pro~ ducing all the cereals and fruits of the Atlantic States, ‘This, says the writer, is 1 flagrant false. hood. Again: The entire sapect of the far Northwest ts undey go- ing « rapid change, in consequence of the conutru’ tion of the Northern Pacific Railroad, . . , trains of emigrants follow the track of tho railroad ay cyeyars and builders, ao that the country ia being tY sroughly explored snd is filling up with » rapldit ) which ie destined to increase into the kargoat popalw son, “ This statement is entirely fa? ae, west of Red River, . . nor is that country sus- ceptible of cultivation.” Operations are now centered tg Montens, where track-laying progresses at the rate? ¢ throg miles s day, No traak-laying has been ions on the rond within 250 miles of Monta 1, ‘The trunk road ts now in oceas of construction Along the Yellowstone, La i. No point within 250 rmilea of tho Yellow- atone has been reach ed by any construction party. In Dakota, the climat , ig gental, and the gol! wu ad- mirably adapted to tly cuittvatton of grain, Natural water-aprings cau ‘ov found klmout anywhere by exca- Vations 10 oF 12 faz, beneath the surface, . . . Of the soll, fully Diay stenths 1 arablo land. On this, (Goa. Hazen remarks: “It would be diffiouls te, invent so many falachoods in so few wards, The country, with tho excep. tions hithr.rto montioned [% ¢, portions of the regitn east of the Red River and & few small and isolated’ valleys), is prostiey Ny © worthless. Natural water- spring’; ara often a day’s march apart,” At Fe rt Buford, at the junction of the Mis- sour, and the Yollowatone, wells have to bo aur k 60 fet, and then cannot bo relied upon. Ir. the interior they must be doeper yet. It 7.3 worth while to make ons more quotation from these falso advertisoments, because the answer to it effectually refutes a pretension which is persistently made by the Company. ‘The puff is og follows: The Company is fairly entitled to the merit of smicably solthng for the United Glates Government, ‘at oneo and forever, the Indian question on the mest ditticult and threatening portion of the frontier, ‘Tuo suswer, ponned by o man whose ovcu- pation it isto protect this frontier, is this: .' T¢ is wall knows thas soustraction om this rond has never reached the hostile fionx country,and that, whonovor surveying parties have gone thors, they have heen escorted by soveral regimenta of troops.” If the troops wero withdrawn, the surveyors, not the Tndi- ans, would havo beon speodily * uettled,”— “at once and forever.” Such colossal lying og Gen. Magen proves the Northorn Pacific to have beon guilty of ia onough to destroy all confidence in tho job, even if other tentimony were not forthcom- ing. But thero is other testimony. ‘The Government measurements of the rnin- fall st Vort Buford, for tho last sight yenrs, show an average of only 121-2 inches. This single fact proves tha unfitness of the country for cultivation, and Gen, Hazes's Picturo of tho “ unchanging strotch of brown and yellow hills and valleya consumed with drought” confirms this fact. Gen. Sunny says, in a totter to Hazex, that large portions of the region cnn nover be inhabited, oven by Indians, ‘Trece sot out in '72 ond '73 aro al- rendy dying or dead. All attempts at gar- .dening havo failed. A very few potatoes and a vory littlo native Indinn corn aro the agere- gate product of ‘this wondorfully fortilo dis- trict. In 1873, thero was anoxceptional rain- fall, and the Company at once got * the bent lottor-writer of the press” to visit its tempo- rarily green tractsand write columns of praise of this deceptive fertility. Gen, Sunny, from whom we have already quoted, has known this region since "i4. He anys of it: ‘The country wost of Minnesota, tii! you reach the Mls- rourt, fe decldedly bad.—a high, dry rolling praitle, une At for cuttwation, excopt iu s very few detached places slong the very fewstroams, ‘There sro nescral ponds or small lakes, but very fw of them contain water that you can drink, and many of them dry upin suntmer, ‘Thera ts very little, in fact, you may aay no timber, and, ao general rule, vory little rain falls during the summer, The country might do for grazing, but cat- ta would be obliged to roam ovor large gections, and 4n wintor would perish for want of timber, or other means of protection against the climate, which is very ecvert,—heavy snows aud heavy winds, and very cold, The country went of the Missouri to the Yeilowateno {e much better in every respect,;—more arable land, more timber, mere drinkable water, cnd I found on my trip acroa it many large dopouita of cast or lig nite, still, I would not recommend it ass good coun- try touettlo in, and arse portions of it can never be in- Aabited,—not even by Indians, As rogarily tho clf- mate, {t {¢ about the same as in the country osst of tho ‘Microuri, ‘Wa inight continue to pile up such proofs, but the task is needless, Gen. Hazen’s arti- elo will convinco the impartial reader that the belt of Innd through which the Northern Pa- cific runs, while it has some fertile spots in narrow Willeys, is not, as a while, aufiicient- ly fit for cultivation to mako it worth whilo for the nation to spend $120,0:0,000 outright and $216,000,000 in interest for the sake of transferring to it the men whose Inbor can bo many times better utilized within the present limits of cultivation, ? DLINOIS 8A, ‘BANKS. It is timo that the Iinois Legislature should pass a law which will carry out the constitutional provisions rolative to private banks organized undor special charters. ‘The failure todo so up to this time may be par- tinlly excused by the laborious and tudious work of rovising the whole statutes which has occupied our Iaw-makeors ; but tia ox- euse will serve no longer, as. the revision work is completed. Thete is no subject, next to the Genoral Revenue Is,w, of so much im- portance to the people. of this State; and, now that Gov. Bevenm iz has called special attention to it in hia m essago, the duty of tho Legislature should suy zgest an immediate con- sideration thereof. ‘I? 19 Governor's suggestion isin genoral terms, leaving the Legislature to act freely toward. tho end of affording an adequate protectic.n for depositors in private banking institutio as, The great bulk of these is mado up of savings banks, or genoral banks with saviigs deportments, They ro- ceivo the grete r proportion of their deposits from the mid ilo or poorer classes, from mechanics, el rks, laborers, widows, minors, ete, The clas sof depositors in savings banks are, of all of ners, tho least able to protect themselves, or stand the loss of their money, or to judge, of thosafeguards provided for their protectéa2, Wo presume that nine-tenths of all the d¢ positors in savings banks, unfamiliar with thr) Jawa of the Strto, fully beliove that thers institutions aro watched by tho State autlaorities, and that very rensona- ble, precaution ageinst swindling is Previled by low. The fact is that thoy are utterly irresponsible, except as to the integrity and business sagacity of tho men. who may manago thom, ‘They do busi- neas in most cages under special charters, which were prepared by their own attorneys with special r.feronce to a limitation of lia- bilities and other individual advantages, and they are undur no official restrafnt and sub- ject to no official oxaminstions or surveil- lance. Thero ars two provisions of tho Constitu- tion of 18#J which apply diroctly to those in- stitutions, One of them (Sec. 2, Art. XI.) provides #hat ‘All existing charters, or grants of special or exclusive privileges, undor which vrganization shall not havo taken place, o which shall not have been in opera- tion within tn days from the time this Constitution takes effect, shall thoreaftor have ‘oo validity or efeot whatever.” Tho" intention of this provision was to wipe outall the sjeculative charters which had been pro- cured. on speculation to sell to any person in need of a special-privilege charter after the conttitutional prohibition of special legisla- tion. Yet it is evident, from tha number of bawking institutions that have sprung into existence einco the adoption of the present Constitution, in 1870, that theso old and do- funct charters are revived in positive viola- tion of law. Nothing is easter to do than or. ganize under one of these, since there is no legal direction to tho State authorities to examine into the organizations, and no way of finding out whether the charter had a real life or not, or what is being done undor it. Beo, 7 of tho same article of the Constitn- tion, after prohibiting the suspension of spe- cie-payments on the circulation of any banks created by the State, provides that ' Every banking association now, or which may here- after be organized under tho inws of this State, aball make and publish a full and acou- rate quarterly statement of its affairs (which shall be certified to undor oath by one or more of its oftiners), as may be provided by law.” But no law has been provided to this end, Some of the savings and other private banks voluntarily make statomonts of thoic affairs, and publish them as odvertisoments of their business, But thore is no obligation on them to do it, and there iano moans of knowing whether the statements represent tho actual condition of the bank or are “ cooked” up in such a manner as to deceive the public, ‘The legislation required should cover both these points. The law ehould confor upon the Btate Awilitor the power, and make it his duty, to exeasine into the affairs of any bank- ing institution doing business under special charter or State law at any time ho may deem it necessary, and to ascertain whether tho charter wus valid at the adoption of the Con. atitation of 2678 Fer the wack the ler ng might bo based upon the provisions of the National Bank Inw in tho same matters. The Stato of Michigan, it appenrs from Gov. Dae irx's rovent incssage, is aufforing from asim ilar defect in the law governing State bank ing institutions, His recommendation fot legislation on this subject is as follows: Lwould respectfully recommend a revision of th General Banking law, with additional logisiation, pro viding for the ostablishment, in tho office of tho State ‘Treasurer, of a bureau of banking; the examination of banka by the Load of the buraat ; and requiring Feporta to bo maie and published, uimilar to tha pro visions of the National Banking law, It fs very ques tiouable whethor ordiuary banks of dopostt and dis thoufd have the powers and privileges of aavingt Danka ; and whether savings bauks should bo permit ted to doa general banking business, With our fast increaslng population, growing wealth, and raplé induatrial development, banks will multiply in + corrcaponding ratio, and I belfovo ft to be one of tht mont important legislative dutlcs to onact a strong ant atringent Banking law, ‘These provisions do not differ materially from the provisions of the National Ban) Jow, and they would furnish a good basis for the formation of n State law, In this State some additional nid could be found from th experience of the Anditov’s office in the au pervision of the insurance companies doing business in Iinois, ‘There should be no delay in providiny suitable legislation in this matter, and thi Cook County delegation should teke hold of it, Had there been a proper supervision by Stato officers of the chartered banks of thy State, thero nevor could have been so dis astrous and fraudulent o failure as was mode not long ago by the Franklin Bonk of thi city, in which tens of thousands of dollars ot hard-earned savings of the poor and needy were snatched from the owners, Tha people are ontitled to certain protection against ths recurrence of such a transaction, snd th‘e protection can only be furnished by a law oi tho strictest requirements authorized by the spirit of the constitutional provisions, RAILROADS IN CHINA, Tho light of civilization still dazzles thy natives of the Flowery Land alittle. ‘Thoy object to being improved at railroad speed and, in fact, they object to anything connect ed with railroads, A native newspaper, prb lished in Shanghai, the Hfirei-Pao, has recent ly published two odd articles against the con. struction of railways within tho sacred in. closure of the Great Wall, The argument 1 curiously like that of the early opponents of railroads in England and America, ‘Tho ncw- fongled thing would be bad, the Liei-Pa gravely remarks, becauso the trains would carry to the seaports much more tea ond silk than the steamship lines could possibly take away, A lezge stock would thus be accumulated oud prices would fall, This disastrous pros: vet of allowing tho Chinese and the outer Lar. barians to get their tea ond silk cheap is the old Protectionist argument ovor again, The consumer is ignored. Business is rega-Jed wholly from tho limited standpoint of the producer, This, however, is but tho fir:t of the /ier-Pao’a objections, Accidonts, it ob. serves, aro matters of overyday occurr-net onorailroad. The trains collide; the ons :uc or tenders take fire; the cars ran off the track ; bridges fall; anda frightful variety of other methods of murdering the passenzort is broughtinto play. ‘The corpses thuamat tured aro squeczed together in unrecogni: .bi4 shapes, and aro often so thoroughly destroyed that the number of the killed cannot bt computed. It is to be considered, mora-ver, that the trains rnn_ much foster thon a horse, and that it would therefore be difficult fm porsons walking on the track to get oui of tho way in time. This cause alone would greatly swell the numbor of deaths. In countries which havo railways, no one tl. inks of traveling by them unleas compelled to ic ao by urgent business. The danger deters them. If this is so where mon wear tl. 1 hair out short and can thereforo readily jump out of o car without running the risk cf play. ing Ansatom, how much moro dangc? would it ba in China, whero the lengthy pig: tail would impede the movements' of the im. periled passengor, would be caught bet-vcen tho telescoping cars, and would jerk ilsiack Jess owner back to death! Wo shndd_r st the picture which the Zficei-Pao paints, COMMODORE STOCKWELL ‘There ia a lively curiosity in the public wind to know a Uttle moro of the history aod. 1 - codehts of the now famous StooxweLn, Pr-s'- dont of the Pacific Mail Company at the tix: distributed sbout s million of dollars to "* inilu- enoa" Congross in tho granting of an addit: nal half million dollara of subsidy for ten ye.rs, Tho Now Yor Wation caste the following bio- graphical ray of light upon his pathway: One of the mont curious and illustrative incidents fn tho history of the Pactito Bfall Company w riee and fall of Mr, SrockwaLt, rometine’ Pr and factotum of the concern, Le ie the sou-in. Hows, tho sewlug-machiuu "inventor, and possessed of Jargs means," au thef say, determiv it, though without either education or xcufoness, toe tinguteh hinself a ek ‘mart « and for tha purpo: » got i. self made Prewiui iy We in thin position, however, le paid no attontion to to Loata whatever, and gave hia whole mind to the stoc and with such vigor that he impresssd what iv csll4 “soeloty* with the notion that he waa the comu J rich nan, He accordiogly was invited to all tho balls, tocame “sort of loader of fashion, furpialiod tbs ladles oud dancing ta0n with “ points,” ond gradua!s ly rose to a vory high eminonce os a giver on! receiver of hospitailtivs,” the Bliys of tho Company all the wiitle goliyt to the bottom at intorvala, iL) operutions, huwever, having all gone wrong, aud bar. ing beon moro than once caught in hia own “ cornerc” eoclety hegun to let him down with amusing facility. From “ Oomtnodote Srockweu1," in wuich capacity be st one time stfeuded “banquets,” ho became “Capt, Brocewsut,” thea plain“ Srooxwutt,” and then StooKwELL with ao opprobrious epitict, aud then disappeared altogether, to give plice te Other operators aud “leaders of fashion.” His career, in ahort, furnishes « remarkable exemplifice tou both of the way tho ganibiing syarit haa destroyed legitimate commorvial prids amoug o large boy of | our monuyed men, and of the way {0 which palfry | adventurers can, with the asslatunce of tho Stock Ei change, suddenly soot up into position which for marly were only won by long years of sagactous labor oud self-denial, et ‘The Bt, Louls Democrat, in attempting to defend ths | conduct of President Grawr in uelng the army too ganizo the Loulstans Legislature, makes this hypothetl cal cates Fon Buppose . Bretrearn should jump up at alone to-day and morainnte Ale, Poon God docs | iim olected, and refuse to permit any roll-call 2 aaceriain whether Nr. Post was really the choice dl | the House fur Speakir, what a bowl the Demociatle papers would raigo} Yot that was oxactly the method fo which 9 Conservative minority in uulstans Legislature resorted, ‘This {s only half the case, Suppose after what tht Democrat suggests had been done, a Federal Brigadlt with a body of troops wero to como on the scene tote orgentas the Legislature, according to Gov, Woo> son's directions—what would be the Democra:’s op! jon of that part of the transaction ?—St, Loute Time. This ie not the other half of the case by 000° siderable, It will require the following facts ta complote it: 1. Pro tem. Bpeakor Witt & - pursuance of @ resoluton unanimously adopted by the emooratic members of the House, call on Gou, De Txonntann to use the Federal diers to clear tha lobby and drive out tho polls which ho did. 2 After the Domocrats bi iMegally swora in five of the '* White Less banditti," who had no certificates of election | Fetition was sent to Gov. Kxrtoca dectsring that tho House waa in the poseceaion of av ille gs) body, and asking thst it be restored to th! rightful members, Tho petition was signed bf Jifty-one mombers, The Governor detorminel | to grant it, and fearing, se bo says, viol }, from the crowd, called in the United sis troops, Gen. De Taopnuwp, in vommand a alo of fifteen men, entored the How - for the purpose of ejecting thowe mat returst hy tha Returaiog Hoard, and ssedpmasted it ¥