Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 9, 1875, Page 8

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATES OF SUFPSCRIPTION (PATANLE. I¥ ADVAXCE). it Tiie Pont: prepald nt dlllla Offices i ALl 2000 | Sunda 3+ e S | W :93:68 Tariaof & year at tho mare rate, o peeyont delay and mistakes. be rurs and give Post- Offve 2direns in full, inelnding State and Connty. Hua:tancesmay be made sitherby draft, expres. Post- At ce ordor, or in reglateced latters, at our risk, TERMA TO CIYT SURSCRIRERS. Dafly, deliverad, Sonday excepted, 25 cants perwask Dafly, delivered, Bunday focluded, 30 conta per waek Addresy THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Uorne: Madison and Dearborn-sta., Chioago, Tll. TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. PIRA-HOUSE-Clark sirest, AN Ot A Bl & Leans Minatrels Potit Fau! “Alternoun and evening. EY'S_ THEATRE—Randoinh street, batween LY Nalle. 4 Loat In London Aftsrnoon and ovenlng. 11CAGO MUBEUM_Moneoo sireot, between Deaze h'f-r‘!“fn‘ti smc.m"'mkn:flh-u Man,” Afternoon and avening. ACADEMY OF MU teon and Manros. %! Afterncon, ** Alize." h roet, r‘l‘mm-: sothesrts an: . Evening, e ———— "SOGIETY MEETINGS. . B, WAKREN LODGE, No. 20, A, F.and A, A i cammaleation_ thls (Saturdas) eccuini &l a4 geloely st Oriontal Hall, 12 Lasallost, Visitors wol- somad, By orderof tho W, M, J. R, DUNLOP, Soo. O BUSINESS NOTICES. FEMEAN ALL WE RAY.Tullwh bont e ety i U ot . Bt LB abuat raten, MCCHA Clxckest. INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. ban, and Canatry Resl 7t Rtoats Wanted, Horaes and o Now Pabllcations, Melical Cards, The Chicags Cribune, Baturday Morning, Janusry 9, 1875, WITH SUPPLEMENT. Reputable lawyers will not be pleaged to ‘eprn that the word *‘attorney” has taken on a new mepuning, and that it is now frequently ased in Washington to define the calling of & \obbyist or dispenser of bribes, The Benatorial contest in tho Indinna Legislature is becoming interesting. Mc- Dovarp, ot lst accounts, was gaining rapidly, put he still has s healthy fear that some com- promise candidato may slip in and defeat him ot tho last. ——— Very satirical, indced, is REvERDY JonN- s0x'e nole to the lobbyist Aprrt, advising him, if he stood in the relution of *‘attor- aey” fo Inwry, to keep Lis professional “honor" uutarnished. Think of the lionor" of & man who, by his own confes- sion, disbursed part of a corruption fund in Washington! LEIOHTON tyaN, of Toledo, O., has been clected Bishop of the Northern Diocese of Wisconsin. His exact theological stand- tog is in dispute. The clergy say he is High Ohurel, and the laity that he is Low Church, Dr. Dt Kovex was urged os o eandidate, but thio Iaity refused to entertain his name for o moment. Two interesting dispatches from Gen. Sncnmay to the Secretary of Warappear else- where in this morning's issue. They breethe A truthful, self-reliant spirit, and show that the General docs mnot propose to abate one jot from the statements which ho mnde in tho celcbrated “ banditti" dispatch. The General is preparing o list of murders com- mitted in Louisiana during the last three or four years, the perpetrators of which escaped unpunished. He believes the facts will startlo the country. —————— The wenther yesterday in tho Far North- west was tho reverest of the sceson. In Fort Garry the thermometer marked 10 degrees bLelow zero, at Cheyenne 26 below, and at §t Taul 26 below. By eveuing, tho cold wave, traversing the famous northwesterly weather-belt, hLad reached Chicago, where, at the present -writing, the thermometer stands ot 18 below, and is wtill going down., Tlo suddenness of tho cliange in this city was most remarkuble, At 8 o'clack the mercury stood at 16 above ; nt 11 o'clock it was 18 Lelow, the total variation in threo hours being 8¢ degrees. The wonther-tablo this morning ought to be fasci- nating reading. It haos not been received oy yet, and its figures may differ from those we havo given, though not materially, The data of tho ofilcial reports wiil probably furnish tho most interesting moteorological study of the soason. Mr, Bavanp wasted several hours of the Benato's time yesterdsy in delivering a speech on tho Louisiana question, He advanced no new arguments, and did not lend either vivacity or force to the old ones, The reso. lution of Jr. Touryax, asking the President for information, was adopted, with Mr. Cosruna’s amendment, which inserted the words, “if in his judgment it is consistent with the pullic interest.” Mr, Scmunz then gave notice that he would on Mondny offer n now resolu- tion directing the Judiciary Committea to in- «quiro what, if any, action is needed to securo iponce in Louleiana. In tho House, Mr. Brr. ‘zrs introduced o bill for a new election inthe !State. It provides for tho appointment Ly ‘the President of threo Superintendents of Tlection, who shall select two Registrus of Election in each parish, and theso two bodies shall in turn designate two Commissioners of Election for each precinct, 'Tha new elec. tion is fixed for the third Tuesdny in May, provious to which s now registration is to be made. The United States Circuit Counrt, tho army and navy, are dirested to onforce the law, and to regard as null any acts of the Btate anthorities designoed to interfera with its operations, ~yesterday, though tinged with weakness in several departnients, Mess pork was active, and 7 1.2@100 per byl lower, closing at $18.75 cash, and $18,97 1.2 seller February. - Lard wasactive, and 5@100 per 100 bs lugher, clos- ing at §13.42 1.2 cash, and &18,52 1-2@13.55 seller Pebruary, Meats wero in fair request and flvm, at 6 5-8@0 8-fc for shoulders, 9 5.80 for short ribs, and 10 for short clear, Dressed hogs were active and easler, at §7.75@8.15 per 100 s, Highwines wera quist and sasler, closing at 840, Flour was dull and weak, Wkheat was less activo and steadier, closing at 88 1.20 cash, and 89 1-4o seller Feb- yuuwry, Oorn was more active and a shade srmar, closing at 63¢ cash, and 71 1-20 seller Mey, Oats woro quist, ond J-4o lower, cloz. fog at 62 1.80 cash, and 52 1o seller Fobru. THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBU : SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1876 ary. Rye wasdull and nuchaoged, st 95@ 9Ce. Barley was lessnctive, but firmer, clos- ing nt @ 1-2 cash, and $1.24 3-4 for Feb- runry. Ilogs were fairly netive, at 36.00@ .45 for inferior to extra: sales chiefly at $6.50@ Cattlo were flrmer, with sales at $2.00@7.! Sheep were netive and wenk. Judge Hexny C. Dinnrr, one of the promi- nent Republicans in Louisiana, and who was especially conspicuous ns a supporter of Kenzose during the White Leagie up- rising of last foll, hay addressed o letter o the Congressional Investigating Commitice suggesting nmethod to restore pence in the State. He advises reconstruction de movo; that the HState bo considered in the ramo. position ns in 1867, and that Congress proceed to make it over. War- rant for such a course would bo fonnd inthe article of the National Coustitution which makes it the duty of the United States to guoranteo to cvery Biate a republican form of government. The Krrnrooa QGovernment, Judge DiBLeE says) s revolutionary. Perhaps Judge Diunrz wonld bo content with s new clection under Congressional supervision. Tho majority onee in power, could make such changes, gen- eric or specific, as the circumstauces might seem to demand. Judge Dippir's opinions aro valuable and significant, as well beeause they como from him as for their intrinsic merit. The Senate of Illinois organized yesterdny by the election of Senntor GrENN, of Brown County, ns President pro tempore. This or- gnnization has been a curious one. There were 24 Republicans, 22 Democrats, and 5 persons calling themselses Independents. T'he farce of Independents was considerably increased after the meeting of the Legislature; it reccived numerous additions from the Demoeracy. Tho two or threo Independents who were Republicans went into a cauens, and found themselves overwhelmed by In- dependents who had been elected s Demo. crats, pure and simple. This caucus, which was o Democratic one in fact, nominated Sen- ator GLexy, who was clected as n Dem- ocrat in a Democratic district in 187 Tho trick was complete. It kept the tepublican Indopendents from voting for the Republicon candidate, and seenred theeventu- ol clection of either Caser or GLENN, both Democrats, TFailing to elect Casey, the Democrats all went over to their other man, Grrxs, and, by the pid of the Republican In- dependents, elected a Bourbon President of the Senate ! In bringing about this singular result, Scnator HAINEs and Senator BreuLrr, of this city, both represcuting Republican districts, and both elected by Republican votes, contributed, to the astonishment of their constituents, Their Independent action was confined to the defeat of a Republican and the clection of a Bourbon President of the Senate. Tho Independents have nowminal- the control of one House, but tho Dewnocrats have in fact control of both, The Independ- ents may yet have to call upon the Repub- licans to deliver them from - their Democratio mastars, THE NON-INTERFERENCE DOCTRINE. A grent denl has been caid, these fow days past, on the so-called illegal interferenco by the United States troops with the Lonisinna Legislature. Having showa already in Tz Tripese that the troops, nlthough United States troops, werecalled in at theinstance of Wierz, who was ot tho time a State official de facto, and that they only carried out the ‘wishes of the House of Representatives, act- ing under the color of offico in all they did, wo need not endeavor to defend their coursa or that of their commanders. The troops wero United Stales troops, but their acts wero not Federal acts. They were State acts. Of the wisdom of the interference wo care to say very little, We aro willing to admit, for the sako of argument, that it wore better that neithor the Democratic nor Republican factionhad called in the aid of the military,— notwithstanding Loth invoked that aid to further their ends in this particular instance. But, in yielding this point, wo are by no menus willing to admit tha principle thet Federal interforenco in tho affairs of tho Southern States is under all circwmstancesun- justitiable aud reprehiensible. Onthecontrary, we maintain that until such time as tho spirit of robellion ccases its workings in the South, Federal surveillanco of the Southern States is not only justiiable but neccessary. Wo will go o far as to say that so long as thero aro in tho South unlawful military orgeniza. tions like the Whito Lesguo, independent Voth of the Federal and State suthoritiss, and recoguized by ncither, tho General Govern- ent should hold itsolf in readiness to Inter- fere at any timo to pravent o rsbellious out- brosk. Tho object of such organizations is well known. The Southern States, it mustbe romembered, wero very lately in rebellion sgainst the Union, They yieldod only when they were conquered and after they had exhausted every means to accomplish tho ruin of tho country. It may woll bo doubted whether, if they had any reasonablo hope of success, they would not fight the War of the Tebellion over agnin, Buch being tho case, can the country afiord to act upon the prin- ciple of absolute mon-interference in tho af- fairs of tho Btates lately in rebellion, nnd rebellions still at heart? Can the country at- ford to adopt a course towards the Southern States such as it would edopt wero they not States inhiabited by defeated Rebels? Cnn it afford to ignora that the whole territory DLeyond Mason and Dixon's lino is covered by slumbering political volcances ? Can the people of thko North afiord at this juncture to sny to the people of tho South : * We shall ingist that the Federal Government shall not, under any circumstances, meddlo with what youdo"? Can they affordtotreat the South- ern Btates precisely as if they had been always stounch sdberonts of the Union? Wo do not think so, Wo do not believe that the Constitution of the United States warrants any such conclusions, It it docs, it is ean instrument created not to insure a *‘more perfect Union,"” but an in- striment manufactured for our destruction. Federal interfercnce in State affaivs ig justifl- atle to proserve tho Union, to crush out ye- bellion, and to keep it from raising its hoad egain where it has been once crushed out, The ultra doctrine of non-interference is the old Democratio doe- trine of Stote sovereiguty. But such o doc- trine is absurd, What was our whole course during the War but one long sevies of acta of interference in the affalvs of the Southern Btates?, Sinco tho close of the Robellion, the people of the Bouthern States have Luown that tho Federal Govern. ment would not hesitate to interfere should they at nuy time manifest a tressonablemind. ‘Ihis knowledge has had ‘s powerful cffoct in making them vesignod to the decislon of urmd, Butlot us suppose the principle of absolute non-interferouco in Boutharn nulrs to bo proclaimed a the future policy of the ' Lonisinna is orgaunized rebellion. country, What would result? There would bo instantly eivil war in Lonisiana. The Repnblican and Democratic partica wonld then fight out their differences to extermination, ey do not do so to-day, but only Lecause the Federal Govornment stands between them to keep the peace, and it is perfectly justified in #o doing, for the Democratic parly in Tiad the Federal Governmont not interfered some months ngo in Agkansas, there would have Leen eivil war there. And who will pre- dict whero it may ba celled on next to keop the peace ? This nltra doctrine of non-interference with the States Intely in rebellion can obtain the sscendeney in prae- tice ouly Ly its adoption by the majority of the people of this eountry) But is o majori- ty of the people of this country ready fo say that the South may be plunged into enarchy ? Aro those who have so faithfully worked hitherto with the Republican party going to countenanco the control of the country by a fusion of the Southern Rebels with North- crn Democrnts ? And yet anarchy in tho South and the contyol of the Government by the Iate Rebels aro the necessary conseruenco of nny wide-sprend defection from the Rte- publiean ranks because of the supposed inter- ference of the Federal Government with the Louisiana Legislature, Federal interference so far bas hind only o benefleial influence, 1t lins saved two States alrondy from the scourge of civil war, It has prevented a war of races and social dissolution. We have said that, unless the Republican porty controls this country, the late Iiebels will control it, 'The opposition to the Re- publican party is made up of the old-line Democrats, of the Southern Rebels, and of deserters from the Republiern ranks. The Dalnnee of power in the opposition is with tho former Rebels, and tho opposition must, there- fore, either submit to defeat or yield to the demands of the Southern Democrats. That is, the Southern Democrats will control the opposition and the conntry, if the opposition carries the next Presidentinl clection. And thus tho Rebellion will triumph?! Let the opposition proclaim the doctrine of absolute non-interference with the Southern States,—and it must perforco proclaim it,—nnd we may witness what was witnessed during the Administration of Buemayay, without exciting any alarm, vast preparntions making to destroy the Union. Love for the Union is no greater in the South to-day than it was fourteen years ago. The epirit of rcbellion is as rampant os ever, Proclaim the yprinciple that the Southern people may do what they like; put them where, holding the balance of power, they shall control the destinies of this na- tion ; let them havea ten years' leasa of power, nnd he would be a bold man who would ven- ture to predict that, at the end of that time, we shonld not be ealled upon to witness an- other rebellion, bloodier, mora protracted, ond perhaps moro guccessiul than the first, Interforence in State nffairs, for its own sake, cannot bo too strongly reprobated. Dut when the question is between interference and civil war, or disunion or symptoms of disunion, wo connot afford to proclnim sny Utopian maxim of non-interference. The country's safety is the highest law ; and non. interference in Soutbern affairs ceunot bo carried to tho extent of endungering that safely, The peoplo of the North will forget tho War ag soon as the people of the South ; but it would be very unwise to forget it be- fore them. THE ** BANDITTI» DISPATCH, The gravamen of offenso to tho Northern and Southern Bourbons in connection with tho Louisizna troublo is Gen, SuEmax's dispatch of Jan. & to tho Secrotary of War, in which ho stigmatized tho White Leaguo of that State as *¢ banditti,” and sshked for leg- islative or Erecutive suthority which wonld give him the authority to try them by court- wartial, Thisis tho sore spotof sonsitive Bourbonism ; the * crowning outrage” which Los produced the remarksblé spread-cagle displaya of partisan indignation upon the part of those who haven't had occasion to be patriotio before since 1861. We reprint, therefore, this dispateh, which reads ns fol- lowis ¢ i MeADQUARTFRS MrtaTany DIVISION oF THE SODKI, NEW ORLEANS, Juw, 5, 18:5,-71 Lielieniin, Secretary of Nar, W tLltk thie terroriom now existiug - aten, D, in Loufalena, pivaipe, ot Arkauss coukl Lo gntirely retaovod and Contidence uud Tair-lealing cutablishod Ly this arveat aud trial of the ringleadera of the nrined Whita Teagucs, 1f Congreca wond pass o hill declaring them bandittl, they could be tried by & military cum- minpion, Tholexdérsof this Landit, who murdered Tmon here on thn 14th of Scptember, wnid mora receutly Vicksburg, Alax,, should, in fuetico to law snd of- zndl tho peace wnd prosperity of this Southern part of the eountes, b unistied, Tt {8 possible that, 3f ik Freaident would inxue a proclamation declacing them bandittl, uo further action ncad b taken, oxcept that which would davolve upon me, T, H, Surnmay, Lioutenant-Genoral United ftates Army, As tho above dispatch has subjected Gen. SurnipaN to remonstrance ond abusive criticlsm ot the North, and to denuncistion ond threats of nssassination at the South, it deserves caroful analysis, and analysis will show that in two points ho is clenrly right, and that in two other points ho has orred, and crred just as o soldier, unused to po- litical and legal technicalities, might be ex- pected to err, 1. Gen, SnERAN was right in stigmatiz- ing tho White League as ¢ banditti” Wesn. sTER defines o ** bandit” to menn ‘g desper- ate, lawless fellow,” and this definition ex- actly choracterizea tho White Leogue, It is n mecret, nrmed, onth.-bonnd organiza- tion, whose purpose iu intimidation of voters aud terrorism. Dispatches to Bour- bon unowspapers, and confessions made Ly ita own officers, concede n member- ship of 15,000 throughout the State, and it is not likely .they would overestimato its extent. It cots in secret, drills in secret, and holde its meetings in secret, Its pur. poses have already been shown by its acts, It hes intimidated voters, It has spread terroviem throughout tho State. It has seized tha governing power by force. It has trampled vpon the laws and defled the courts, It hns committed murder and massa- cro. 'These nro established facts, and they clearly bring the White League within the meaning of the term * bandittl," and justify Gen. Suzuipax in using it. The Democratio New Orleans roporter of the Chicago Zimes sont the following dis- patch to that paper, which shows the exist. ence, character, and lawless disposition of the Whito League **banditti” : New Onteans, Jar. &.—The_publicction, to-day, of Gen. Bika1paNs letter 1o the Waz Socrotary, denoun- cluy $liw Wiiito Leaguora 88 bandittl, awukiiied an al- Tnokt tumultuous excitement througlont the city, The act was pronounced ss an outrageoua infemy, sud the Giz I alive witls rumors of what will be the dction of tbe Leaguers, A wild report saye that the Leaguers aro clamoring for & Aight ; that they cun vally 16,000 ‘men at an bour's notice, sod that they will aitack tho Btate-1oure, clean ont the Radicals, sud, It interfered wills, turn Gpon the ¥ederal froops, 'Thore belug 1,500 of tha solllers, while tha Lesguors huve 15,0600 ; 41 13 clatmed tho luttur could overpower tsm, and sn= oy at least four duya’ control of their own sdaire, This dispateh reflcets tho spirit which ani. mates theso Rebel cut-throats. 2, (len, Suxnipa¥ is right in his recom- mondation that tho White Leogua sholl be broken up and disporsed, It ismpotonlya lawless but unlawful organization, whoss exe istenco is in defiance of the laws of the United States, naitancts are in defiance of State laws, Such an organization would not be tolerated o single day in any peaceful, law-nbiding North- ern State, and there is no reason why it should bo tolerated in Lonisioun. The only possible excuso its members might offer would Lo the organization of a Black Lengue, but the testimony before the Investi- gnting Committes has conclusively shown that thero is no Binck Leaguo in the State of Louisiaua, armed or unarmed, public or se- cret, Upon these iwo points Gen, SHERIDAN is clenrly right, first, in charncterizing the White League n« ** banditti,” and second, in recommending its suppression. There ave, howover, two points in which it seems to us Gen, Bnpmtpay has wmado o mistake, and they are mistakes which any plain, blunt soldier, muuged to dealing with political imbroglios and the cabals of oftico- hunters, might commit. 1. Gen. Suenrpay says: “ If Congress would pass s bill declaring them baunditti, they could bo tried by a military commis- sion,” Tho mistake mado in the premises congists in the iguoring of tha fact that this Leaguo has rendered itself linble to prosecu- tion and punishment under the proviaions of the Enforcement net. The primary object of this act was to protect rights of voters and thoe lives of citizens ngainst tho ter- rorism of Iawless bands of mon, ot that timo known as. Ku-Iilux, of which organization tho White Leaguo is the suc- cessor, the only differenge between the two being]thet one disguised itsclf bebind masks nud the other does not. Congress caunot pass 8 bill subjecting these men to court- muartial without first placing the State under martial law, tho renson for which does not exist. The conrts of Louisiana are in opere- tion, and it is competent for tho United States Attorney to prosceuto them under the Enforcement ret, just as the Ku-Klux were proscented nnd erushed in the Carolinas and soma other States. 2, Gen, Swerpax has erred, probably throngh false information, in assuming that the terrorisin induced by these banditti in New Orleans exists in the States of Louisi- ana, Arkansas, and Mississippi. The two Iat- ter States aro now penceful and orderly, and wo do not understand that the White Leaguo exists in either of them. 'Tho wranglo bo- tween Baxren and Brooxs for the possession of the Stato Government wns quietly sottled long ngo by proclamation of tho President and a new State Constitution, sud no disor- der has ocenrred since, Tho recent emeute in Mississippi waa o purely local afTair, bloody as it was, confined to Warren County, and not affecting tho State Government. This s also been suppressed, and a Congressional Committee is now investigating it. The ter- rorism of the White League is confined to portiony of Louisiann. H Neither of these mistakes reflect npon tho gallantry or pntriotism of Gen. SuRIDAY, and the points in which he is right show that lie clenrly comprehends the character of tho sttantion. It will be the first practical step townrds the restoration of peace in Louisi- ana when Congress orders a new clection for ol officers, from Governor down, and makes provision that it shall Lo fair and honestly held and conduetod, After this is dono there will be pence, 'Tho Whito Lenguo will bo heard of no more, and demagogues will find themselves without n pretext for simulated indignities. PABSAGE OF THE FINANOE BILL. The Finance bill, which only neads the sig- nature of the President to becomea law, containg inits threo sections highly impor- tant clauses. The first directs the Secretary of the Trens- ury to redeom the outstanding fractional cur- reney in silver coin at par. All the {ractional currency is to be thus retired ns soon as pos- sible, The second makes the coinage of gold freo. No mint chargo to be made Lerenfter, The third authorizes free banking through. out the United Statea, The fourth provides for the retirement of £82,000,000 of the presont groenback circula. tion (£$82,000,000), as soon and in proportion ns $100,000,000 additional bank-currency is issued. The fifth directs the Treasurer to redeem the greenbacks in coin on and after Jan, 1, 1879, He is authorized to use the surplus reventies and to sell Londs in order to do so, The bonds must not bo disposcd of ot less than par in coin, ‘o vote on the bill in the House wad an odd one, All the Democrats voted against it. So @id Dawss, the Hoan brothors, and Gen, Hawiey, Krizzy hed proviously an- nounced that he meant to bolt on this ques. tion, and did so. Burzen dodged, Krrrey and Bureen,—who maintained his fame as demagogue by biding in tho lobby during the roll-call,—can now stark the new party they have been boasting sbout. They cannot begin benting the tom.tom too soon. A number of prominent Republicans, who dis- approved of some of tho dotails of the bill, voted for it because they sympathized with its main object. 'This will, wo belleve, be the general verdict on the mensure,—good in the main, but defective in some points. The disappearance of the torn, dirty, disroputable postal currency will be an ummixed good, Tha use of silver in smoll transaotions will familiarize the peoplo with the idea of specio payments, and make final resumption miore ousy ond desirablo, Only exporionco can show, howover, whether the silver will stay in circulation or be shipped abroad. We in- cline to the opinion that it will at first bo somewhat hoarded, but will soon be freely used, 'Thé second proviso will enablo the mints to coln more gold, and will thus pave the woy for resumption, The third is emi- nently wize. Hereaftor, banking will be no more of & monopoly than the cultivation of corn, or tho monufacture of boots or iron. Any one with money can go into it. The spirit of the ngo and of tho American peoplo are opposed to monopolies, and tho removal of this one will be received with geunoral satisfaction. Morcover, the inflation- ists aro now holst with their own petard, Froo banking will mako tho supply of paper- money coincido with the demand for it, and thus there can be no reason for clamoring for moro irrodecmable greenbacks. The fourth proviso is the weak point of the bill. We should hove preferred a provision for the rotirement of the greenbacks in certaln fized sums month by month, because this would have secured their withdrawal, and the froe- bankingclausewouldhave beena perfect guard againstany monetary stringency from contrac- tion that might otherwise result. Moreover, the greenbacks, wheu retired, should be canceled. These defects, howover, can be amply remedied in the future. The filth clause, which fizes a definite date for resump- tion, is thoroughly good, with tho excoption that it fixes the dato too far in the future, Atlast wo bave s definite finanoial polley. This is whot $Tea ““nrovss hos sonstantly TWELVE PAGES. demanded. The nation is now pledged to vesume some time, and the doy is named,— ltaus Deo ! The Democrats who voted agninst resumption will lnve to explain their posi tion heronfter, If they chaose, when they take control of tho Houso next December, to try to postpono resumption and repeal this Uill, on their heads bo the responsibility. It they profess to havo been actuated by ardent zeal for speedy yesumption, and to have voted ngainst the bill beenuse it was not soon enougl, let them prove their sincerity by paasing another il which shall amend this one Ly providing for speedier resnmption, Tho Republican party hns shown itself eapa- ble of dealing with this most important eues- tion, and has given the country, by o prudent compromiso Dbetween conflictivg views, o financial policy tho essentinl goodness of which cannot De successfully gainsaid. The Dill ean be improved, and the foundation is now laid for it. et ot THE GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE, The message of Gov. Brveringk to the Tegislaturo of Illinois is a very clear, digni- fied, and interesting paper. It is o practical and business-liko doctiment, with no waste of words upon oxtrancous subjects, o con- gratnlates the people of the State upon the absenco of want, pestilence, and sconrge, and the prevalenco of plenty, prosperity, and henlth ; and ho adds that **iho peopls have been Inw-abiding, and present the gyrand spee- tacle of self-govesnment through the forms of 1o, ndministered by offteers of their own chioosing, without the aid or iuterference of military suthority.” 1le recommends tha ap- proprintion of 71,000 to cover certain un- paid claims and expenses up to July 1, 1875, Nine hundred and fifty corporations have or- ganized under the General lnw between July 1, 1872, and Nov. 30, 1874, not including seventy railrond corporations. Since Jan. 13, 1873, tho salaries off the Seeretary of Stato and the Auditor have been $3,500 each per annum. From the same date to Dec. 1, 1874, the fees collectod by these officers and turned over to tho Stato Treasnry have been: By the Scerctary of State, $12,059, and by tho Anditor, §33,000; total, £46,619. Previously, the Secrotary of State was paid fees for copying the laws and journals, and the last Sccretary was paid 317,280 for Inws and journals of the Twenty- seventh General Assembly, The laws and journals of the Twenty-eighth General Assembly wero copied at a cost to the State of 22,118. Trom this it appears thet the provision of tho Btate Constitution ebolish- ing compensation by fees, and substituting therefor fixed snlaries, has been successfully carricd ont by the State oficers, It is to be regretted that tho same constitntional pro. visions have been grossly evaded in the enses of county officars, for whoso support the people are taxed moro heavily now than ever before, The roceipts (including balance) of the Treasury from Dee. 1, 1872, to Dec, 1, 1874, were 18,885,669, the expenditures, $11,759,- 137,—leaving n balance of $2,126,582, The total indcbtedness of the State Dee. 1, 1874, was £1,730,972, of which §250,000 was paid Jan. 5, 1875, The Goveror estimnates that the semi.annual receipts from the Illinois Central Railrond Company will be sufficient to meot the interest on cll tho Btate indebted- nesa and to pay the principal thereof ns fost as it falls due, ond that on Jan. 1, 1880, with all outstanding obligations paid in full, thero will be o surplus of the Hlinois Central fund of over hnlf a million of dollars, Therefore, 10 tax will bo needed from this timo forward to pny either principal or interest of tho State debt. Tha Governor, whilo commending in gen- cral terms the taxation for school purposes, and commending the provisions of the Con- slitution and laws which oxact of Stato offi- cinls the strictest honesty and most rigid economy, suggests to the people to watch closely and even jealously county, town, city, and school district organizations which raiso and expend annually over fiftecn millions of dollars, and whose aggregato indebtodness is twenty times that of the Btate. Tho orgenized militin of the State consists of ono battalion and fifteen detached compa- nies, nggregating 1,112 officers and men, of whom 974 are uniformed. He suggesta that » few regiments, well organized nnd diseip- lined, would not endanger the liberties of the peoplo, but would tend to preserve order and give o greater focling of security. Mo finds that tho inspection and registra- tion departments of the Railrond and Ware- houso Commission have given gencral sotis- faction and confidence. The system of Btate inspoction is growing in favor with tho trade and with the peoplo, and is fast acquiring & national reputation, He approves the polioy embodied in the railrond legislation of the State. Tho law interferes with no private enterprise, and undertakes no manogement of tho affairs of tho citizens, It followa the principles of the common low, It doos not define extortion nor unjust discrimination, It proscribes no rate to be charged, nor doos it declare any rate unreasonable, It simply makes the schedules of rates ostablished by the Commissloners prima Jacis evidenco of what 14 n roagonable maximum rate of charges. It changes the rulo of the common law merely to the extent of throwing the burden of proof up- on the railway company, and the quostion of fact as to the unjust discriminntion or ex. tortion is not dctermined by the law, but is loft to a decision by & Cowrt and jury upon the evidenco, To repeal the act would lenvo the principlo of the law in force, save that tho onus of proof wonld be upon tho State, and there would be no statutery penalties. The Governor states that, in deferenco to tho Iaw and to public opinion, the railroad corporations have, in the main, censed thelr unjust diseriminations, Buits are still pond- ing in the Courts having for their objeot the ascortainment of tho mutual rights of the State and of the corporations. ‘Fhe business of the canal jmprovement progresses favorably, ‘Tho cost of tha lock and dam ot Copperas Creek was limited to 430,000, Outof an appropriation by Con- gress for tho improvemont of the river, 02,350 was expended in putting in the foundation of tho lock., 'The State Commis- sloners have expended 811,308 to complote tho foundstion. The contract price for the work above the foundation is 207,210, To meet this exponditure thero hos been paid £72,505; cash in Troasury, §17,807; funds invested, §00,000; intercst and promium, $11,600; canel fonds, $10,000; net tolls of 1875, $60,000,—leaving o deficit of only $71,- 22, which sum the Governor recommends be appropriated out of the revonus fund, It this appropriation be made, the work can bo completed by Jan. 1, 1876, The Btate-Houso, it is expeoted, will be comploted for occupanoy next June, axnd the oppropriation of the $800,000 romaining of tho limited sum is yecommended. The Penitentiery is self-sustaining. and neods no sppropriations. The Governor atrongly secommonds Uberal sppropriations for the State charitablo institutions, the mnn- agement and efficiency of which he com- mends, THo recommends that the flseal year of tho State be changed ro s to correspond with the approprintions; that is, that the yenr begin July 1, instend of Dee. 1. T'he organization of new banking inatitn- tions in this State being prohibited, thoso in existenco have exclusivo privileges, aud the Governor urges legislation to enrry out the requirement of tho Constitution that such in- stitutions shall publish full quarterly state- ments of their affairs, The Governor recommends that encourage- . ment Da given to flsh culture ; that provision e made for taking the State consus of 1 and that tho Stato should be represente the Philadelphin Centennial, Il advises that the revenuo law be simpli- fied, and that the proper legislation be had for the return to thoso who paid the illegal tox collected in 1874, on nccount of railrond- nid debts. Ho states that the levy for rovenuo for 1875 should be £2,000,000, and for 1876, $1,5500,000, with 21,000,000 each year for schools, in LET CORGRESS DO IBX;:JKETB‘ING FOR LOUIS- The debates in Congress ‘on the Louisinna question Inck the quality which the occasion demands, The discussion takes a wido, rambling range, including subjects in no wise pertinent and wholly irrelevant to the issue. "I'ho question for the hour is, What is to be done to settlo the troubls? Itis not pro- posed by nny sane man, outside of tho Demo- cratio party, to permit the two factions in Louisiaun to settle the quarrel by arms. 1Itis not proposed by any party that Gen. Sment- Dax shall remain in Now Orleans with the troops to support the Krtroso Administra- tion indefinitely. It is not proposed, we trust, by the Democratio party to make mur- der, nssassination, rebellion, and revolution the platform of the Democratic party in 1876, nor is it proposed by the Republican party to make the support of Krrroae and tho Re- turning Board tho issua of the next Presiden- tinl election. Whatever mero partisan dema- gogues may say or propose, tho people of the country, of all pnrtics, insist that the whole business shall Do settled now, and sottled, not by the sword, excopt to kecp the peace, but by law,—by & fair clection and fair counting, and = fair expression of popu- lar will by the peoplo of Louisinna, What is wanted in Congresa is the passage of some plain and direct monsuro to redress the past, remedy the present, and protect tho future. Tho country wants no more revolutions and anarchy in Louisiana, nor does it want the continuanco of the shameful and standing pretexts for such revolutions, It desires tho snmo ponce and order in Louisiana that ex- jst in Illinois and Michigan. It wants a stable State Government there,—one having the unquestioned approval of the poople. Nothing less thon this can restore peace and order in that BState, and the people thero, of all parties, have a right to de- mand this boon, The duty of the Federal Government is to secure to tho people of every State a republicen form of government. A Government that exists only by the support of force, that is upheld by bayonets, that would not continne fifteen minutes after the army is withdrawn, isnot 8 desirable Government. 'The same objection, with all its force, npplies to the Government claimed by tho rival faction. They aro both equally frandulent, equally disgraceful, and equally repulsive to tho American people, The President is compelled, against his will, by the failure of Congress to do its duty, to uphold one of theso factions, and to preserve the peaco, The responsibility for the evil condition of things in Louisiaua is not npon the Prosident, but upon Congress. Even now, with this disgraceful misrulo, riot, and disorder at their height, Congress, it seems, has not given one serious thought to the preparation of any practical measuro of re- dress or relief, The debate is a mere succes- sion of partisan harangues, demogogical bung combe, town.-meeting brawlings. The oc- casign calls not for empty, vaporing words, but for action,—prompt, explicit, comprehen- give, and final. —r. MURICIPAL DEBTS. The annual messages from the Mayors of the various large cities throughout the coun- try aro just coming in, snd tho most con- spicuons fonture in every one of them is the exhibit of municipal indebtedness. This is of so startling a character in the aggregate that it should arrest the attontion of legisla. tors, tax-payers, and all other men interested in the welfare of the country. Wo have col- lected the net dobts, after deducting sinking funds and resources, of the nineteen cities of Massachusetts, They are s follows: Totat net debt. $29,037,218! 3,791,607 84 Increusc | Lecraaas 794,23)] 1,178,103} 000 1502, 050,741 2428400, 5 Warcoater 2,984,750 teen _eittes. ... $53,763,6001 81, tatated. Theso figaresare of tho greatest importance, a5 indicating tho tendency of the peoplo of this country tolond themselves down with debts, tho payment of which may be pushed off on some future generation, without pro. viding for meeting them. It isa conflscation of future earnings. If any commumty in this country may begaid to be financially conservative, it is tho peoplo of Massachu- getts, Yet we find here nineteen cities, con- taining a population of 800,000 people, or sbont one-half the entire population of the Btato, owing 58,702,596, or about 67 per capita. This average per copita is about @17 less than the aversge in the thirteen laryost citios of the country, but is 14 more than the average per copita of all the cities in the country. Dut this is not the worst feature of tho oxhibit, The tendency is to increaso, in spite of tho enor- mous losd already nssumed, Nearly 4,000, 000 wero added in Mrssachusctta last yoar, This is distinctly pointed out by the Mayors of some of the citics. In Springfeld, for in. stance, during a given timo in which the pop- ulation increased 10 per cent and the taxable value of the property 200 per cent, the dobt waa incrensed 00O per cent, and the taxes levied incroased from &62,000 a year to $785,000 a year. Unfortunately, this tendency i3 not con. finod to Springficld nor to the Massachusetts cities. Referring to Mr. Jamra G. Bramz's estlnate of the municipal indebtodness, we find he makes four clnsdes of citles as fol. lows : Poputation. vor 100,69 ench.. Iver S0,L0' earh Eisteon eitie Twenty-two citle uder 20,000 each, 490,000,100 All otber cities., 2 60,000,%:0 ‘otal.ui. o 70,000, Oounty indebi, Hiato fudebtedues GrANA 1018 vea veveeernararoenseres o1, 140,000,L00 Accepting this estimate, which is certainly not exaggerated, and is probably too small na regards county indebledness, we find {1.ad the peoplo of this country are loaded down with nearly one thousand and tweo hundied millions of dollars in addition to tho national indebteducss, Taking the city debts nlone, the avernge per capita for the sixteen largest iy &80, for the next class $10, for the mext %50, end for the smaller cities 222, Tho average ol the nggregate city debts is $53 for every man, woman, and child living under municipnl corporations, There are individual in. stances that make a still worse showing. The most noted of these is that of Now York, the debt of which the now Mayor estimates to be at least §141,803,000, or more than 130 per capita. There ave others that make n much better showing than ihe nverage, aud notablo among these arg Baltimoro nnd Chicago. Baltimore has an aggregate debt of §32,000,000, but has assots and resources reducing thoe debt, to pay the interest on which taxes have to be levied, to £7,500,000, or about 320 per capita. Chicaga is next best off. Wo owo between 13,070, 000 and $15,000,000, or sbout 30 per cnpitn; and, what isstill Letter, we are inhidited by the Constitution from tnercasing it. Othcr. wiso wa might have run up the debt to $100, 000,000 by this time. A careful examination into tho prosent condition of municipal indebtedness war. rants the nssertion that the progperity of the nation actunlly depends upon o speedy lim- itation thereof. We cannot go further in this hendlong course without running afoul of the Scylla of financial ruin on tho ona side or the Charybdis of repudiation on the other, Either will be fatal. Illinois set a good example four years ago by incorporat. ing o 5 per cont limit on municipal corpora- tions in tho new Constitution. This exam- plo must not only be followed, but improved upon. In this State, under the constitn- tional provision, & city may borrow & per cont, the county within which it is situste 5 per cent, and then the town ond school districts within tho samo territory 5 per cent each. In this manner, full 20 per cent of the taxable valuo of property may bo levied upon the peopla of Illinois, The figure is too high, and other States must profit by our experience. The first thing to do in fighting the ginnt of municipal indebtedness is to limit it in the aggregate to 8 or 10 per cent in every State. The next thing is that the people shall sbandon the extravagant idens which have gprung up under the spcculative influcnces growing out of the War, and settle down tc expenses within their resources, and sufll clently small to enoble them to set nside something for o sinking fund every year. Every public man who recommends erpendi. tures boyond such o limit is unpatriotie, we caro not what porty he acts with, nor what influencea MWOIJ him. THE PROPOSED BUILDING LAV, The Chicago Board of Underwriters have ‘before them the form of a bill, to be present. ed to the Legislature, providing certain gen: eral and specifio rogulations for building in this city, Its main purpose is to precvent fires by avoiding them. This form of bil has, we learn, been prepared, not only by those who are skilled in the insurnnce busi ness, but by several competent architeets. In addition, the bill has been submitted to and revised by a Board of Architects, and, in ite present ghape, is the joint result of the skill. experience, aud scientific knowledge of* e competent for the task of preparing intclli. gent and practieal regulations on that subject. The city having already prohibited the construction of wooden buildings within the city limits, tho bill nddresses itself to the protection of brick and stone ‘buildings ; and especially of the larger classes of build'ngs used ps stores, warchouses, factorles, and workshops. We have read the bill carof iliy througlh, and do not discover auy rogu ments but such as a man of ordinary pru. donce, and baving & decent rogard for the safety of the lives of those employed or resident on the premises, and of the propcrty therein stored, would naturally provide with. out any compulsion of law. Tho Board ol Architocts havo of course hod in view the safety of the buildings independently of the occurrence of fire; they have judiclously introducad in the construction such prevent- ives of fire happening within a3 may render buildings comparatively safe, and also such precautions as may protect them from firo from adjoining or other buildings. This messure is decidecly a movement in tho way of chenp insurance, Existing buildings may, at a very gmall cost, bo adapted to the requirements of this bill, and the difference in cost of build- ing, in complinnce with the proposed law building otherwise, will not exceed two years oxtra insurance now pald bocause of the want of theso very precautions. A reading of tho bill gives additional proof that tn ounce of provention is worth whole pounds of cure, Instend of building houses at ran. (om, and without any regard to the ordinary precautions ngainst accident, and paying1 per cent per annum extra for a magnificent Tire Department, and another 8-4 per cont por annum extra for insurance, a slight atten- tion to detail and a comparatively small addi- tional outlay in the original consiruction of the bullding, or in adapting it to the law, will give botter assuranco against loss by fire than is afforded by either Fire Department or in. surance, and at a great saving of cost. Dur. ing the last year, hundreds of owners of build. ings in this city met the possible danger of loss by firo resulting from the withdrawal of the insurance companics, by the expendi. ture of an average of a few hundred dollars each, in removing possible dangers of fire within their buildings and providing protec- tion from firo from without. Thus stand- pipes were introduced, party-walls were run up a few feet above the roof, wooden-cornices were removed; wooden partitions in.furnnce- rooms have been taken down, iron shutters putupon extornalopenings, wooden Mansards have boen reconstructod of brick and iron, wooden roofs have been changed, sky-lights protected by wire, and countless othor littlo things have beon donme at & comparatively trifling cost. The resultof this outlay hos boen & large reduction in the rates of annusl insurance, showing that the observance of & little practical prudenco, aad the spplicatio” of a little practioal senss, has result~’ large anuual saving in ossh ov* sarancs and aninorensed lm