Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 28, 1874, Page 4

Daily, by matl, el Weokiy Farts of a year at tho samo "o provent dolay aud mistakes, bo suro and give Post. Otfica address in full, fncluling State and Connty Remlittuncenmay bomade elthorby dreaft, exproas, Post« Ofice order, or in regiatared lotters, at our ris TLIAS TO CITY KUBRCRINENS, indly, delleercd, Sunday azeented, 25 conts poeweek Dally, delivorod, Sunday uctuded, 0 conte ner wook Address THE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Qornor Madison aud Dearbarn-ts., Ohtcago, 1Ml 8300 308 TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. 'Y O1F MUB10—1Tnlsted atreot, batween Mad- onroo, Kugagowont of Miss Olars Morris. AOA! twon” and ** Damilo. GRAND_OPERA-JIOUSE~Olark strest, opppalia Shorinan Houss, Kolly & Leon's Blinstrols, **Lo Patit Faust, OINIOAGO MUSEUM—Monros aixget, botwoon Doar- born aud Btato, ** Tho Irlel Uonaln." ndolh stesat, between A UOOLEY!S THRIATRE. oAb Kasaien AT A'VICKIER'S THEATRIE-Mndison stroat, batweon arborn and Stato, lingagement of Edwin Hooth. **Riotard IIL" HALSTED RET OPERA-HOUSE—Corner Mals A Eat i Siadabs Hextas Yamalo Afu: atzols and Varioty Show, INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS, THIRD PAGE-City and Buburban Real Estate, Wante, T Ronta, ole:, etc. AGE: uno Prospectus, VENTIL PAG fi—Amusoinonts, Tatie, Modical Cardls, ot 5 The Chicags Teibune, ' Monday Morning, Doocomber 28, 1874, Railrosd Timo- ‘The troubles in Lovisinna will doubtless culminnte on tho first Monday in Januavy, when the Logislature meots. 'Uhere is good yenson for believing (hat Gon, Snzrioax will e i the city by that time, in readiness for nny emergencios that mny arise. His stay thero, howevor, will be only temporary. A most remarkable nnd shocking case of suieido is the ona reported from Washington this morning. A Presbyterian clergyman, pastor of a church, holding a high social sta- tion, was detocted in the act of stenling s book; was morcilessly oxposed in o newspaper; sob his house in order; aud, whilo the bells were ringiug the people to church, without even providing for his own congregation, cut his throat, Tho facts are moro pathetio than any comment upon them conld bo, 'Tho clergyman was wealthy, and had been previously suspected of insnnity. Mr. Trzrox hasissued a eard to the publie in answer to the promunciminento Iately pub- fished by Mr. Bercuen in tho Christian Undan. "Pho nnswer is at onee sovera and complate. Tt makes n close roview of tha facts of the civil suit brought by T'rurox against Breones, shows tho injustico of requiring the prosecu- tion to “dwmf and shrivel” the proofs of r, Beecmew’s prolonged criminality to two porticular doys, nnd closes with & chal- Jengo to a speedy and relentless pros- ccution of the criminal suit brought by Berenen against Trnrow, - Mr, Tinroy inti- mates very broadly that Brromer dare nob allow the eivil suit to proceed on tho basis of o full investigation of all the facts, or tho criminal suit to procoed on any terms, This is exceedingly plain language. It forees upon Mr., Brreuzn tho nlternativo of nccepting Trurox's proposition or being condemnod by public opinion. wnee moro wged upon tho people, not only of that State, but of the whole couniry, the manegers nsking them to invest five millions of dollavs in a gamo of chance, taking one- half of it themaclves and redistributing the other half, offering tha benefits of the Public Library ns o boit. In common with other reputablo newspapors of the North, wo warn the public against thie lottery swindle, for any schemo that offers to pay back two mill- ions aud a balf to the contributors if they will placo five millions in o common pool, is neitbor more nor less than o lbuge swindle, which should bo discountenanced in every possible way. It is o scheme which is not only intended to toke thousands of dollars out of the pockets of hard-working men, who aro allured by the glittering promises of this Kentucky con- cern, but it is doing incaloulable dnmage ns an incentivo to gambling, Inthe North, thero are States liko Ohio and Iilinois whero public opinion hes compelled the passngo of laws forbidding lotteries under sovore penal- ties, Such n law is needed in Kentucky, and, if somo such action is nob taken thero bofore long, that State will makoe itsclf a public pest, as itis now a public scandal, so far as lotleries are concerned. ‘When the chinrge wns made, some little time ngo, that it was the practico in the Chi- cago Custom-House to underrate the value of imported goods veceived nnd appraised at this port, in order to give Chicago importers an advantago over thoso at the East, we de- nounced it os falso and malicious, Wo guessed immedintely that it was but another effort on the part of New York importers to haraper snd rendey impractienblo the opera. tlon of tho law sutborizing direct im- portations in bond by Chicago and some other Western cities, An agent of the Treasury Department was immediately dis- potched to this city to make an officinl inves- tigation into the charge, and his report fuily justifies our first impression. Ho finds that the appraisul of goods at this port is precise- ly the same a3 in Now York, with o singlo cxcoption, embrneing o line of cotton goods, aud that this oxcoption arose {rom o misapprehenaion of the clessification. This was the only ground for the charge, and, had it beon simply the purpose of the Now York merchants to securo a change, tho misapprehousion could hava been rendily cal-.! lected without any publio charge or hulla.’ baloo, It way, as & matter of fact, & mere pretoxt, used to injure our growing system of direet importation, and its demonstrated falsity ia n mntter of congratulntion, as it will provo to ba of more good than harm to Ohi- ongo intorosts. The Chicago produce merkets wero rathor tomo on Snturdany, but averaged strongor. MMess pork waa aetive, aud advanced 8Qu por brl, closing nt ©18,85@18.90 onsh, and 810,17 1-2@10,20 for Fobruary, Lnvd was quiet and 100 por 100 1bs higher, closing at $18,06@13.10 cash, and 18,82 1-2@18.80 soller Fobrunry, Meats wero quict and a shade firmer, at G 1-4@G 8-8a for shoulders, 91-4@0 3.8¢ for short wibs, aud 0 8-4o for short clenry, Highwines wore in good do- mand and firm at 07 1-%a por gallon, TFlour woa dull, Whont was losa nctivo and 1-40 highor, closing at 80 U-to cosh, ond 89 f-8e for Janunry, Corn was qutiot and irregulnr, clos- ing firn at 79@600 far old, 05 1-4o for vow, ond 7lo geller May, Oots were in falr do- THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY DECEMBER 28, 1874. mand and atronger, closing af Gic sellor the month, and e for January, Ryo wasg quict and firm at 08@00e. Barloy was quict and wenk, closing nt for Jannary, and $1.24 for Pobrunry. ITogs were fnaetivo and lowor, with limited snles b $6,00@7.10. Cattlo und sheop wero in light demand nnd unchanged. As'vo expected, tho statement Intely mont by telograph from Washington, to the effect thet President Guaxny hnd dectded to aban- don nll attempts at Civil-Servieo Reform, has been contradicted. The Presidont’s position todny s oxactly what it was at the timo his Inst messago was sontto Congress, ITa will enforeatho Civil-Servico rulos if Congress will mako the smnll npproprintion needed for the purpose; otherwise, ho will throw tha ro- sponsibility for tho foiluro of the experiment upon the Republicans in Congress. Weo do not know that tho Republicans in Congross aro just now in & condition to benr such a burdon. rr— No part of the Presidents messngo mob with more universal npplause than the recom- mendation that tho mint boe put at worlk coin ing fractionnl parts of a dollar in silver, mnd tho redemption or retirement thorewith of tho postal or fractionnl currency. This postal currency has becomo an offensive nui- sance, which has not aven the stending apolo- gy of necessity, 'Thero Jins been no_exeuso for this curromey formany years. In Cali- fornia, Novadn, Ovegon, nnd Toxas, the peo- plo moke no uso of it; they have silver coin in abnndance. Thero being a de- mand - for the coin consequent upon the rofusal to tako tho postal ouwrency, it hins gono thero in Jargo quantity. Thero are somo peculinvities sbout this silver coinago. T'wenty years ago the amount of puro silver in the fractional coinnge of tho United States was reduced, under tho ideathat, a'silvor half- dollar being worth mniore nt lowe than abroad, it would not Lo exported, But the law did not change the real valuo of the coin. The bullion value of thaso smnll silver coins is 90 1.2 conts on the dollar, which jis but a fraction above the valueof currenoy ; neverthe- less, tho market-valuo of the coin is 95 cents in gold and 104 1-2 id poperin the dollar, ‘Tho renson for this is that there is & demand for tho coins to bo sent to the Pacific Const, Of courso, when tho mints begin io coin theso silver fractional parts of the dollar {o any sorious ' amount, tho supply being mado more equal to tho demand, their valuo will fall to that of bullion, and tho coin, having Dbut 90 1.2 conts worth of puro silver in coins amounting to n dotlar, that will bo their current valuo in gold; for all sums less than §5 thoy will re- main, as now, a legal tender, Thero i3 o grent delusion ns to the amount of this silver cur- roncy needod in trade. A small quantity of it goca a great way. Tho withdrawal of the fractional paper currency will permit all theso small coins to appear in circulation again, and with the new coinagoe thore will be no lack of “change” to meot all the requivements of trado, SENAT! HERISAN'S SPEECH, ‘W print this morning the specch of Sen- ator Suenuay explaining the Finance bill which las sinco passed tho Senmate. The spoech, taken ay an offieinl interprotation of tho bill, removes or modifies the objections which ocour to the mind upon rending the Dbill itself. Tho bill makes banking free to tho estont of repealing ony limitation on tho amount of banlk-note cirenlation; this section of the bill therefore authorizes an enlarge- ment of tho currency to meet any demands of business, It provides also that ps the Notional Bank note cirenlation increnscs, the United States are to rotivo a portion of their notes, tho proportion to be 80 per cent of the ineressed amount of Nationnl Banl notos issued. Upon the controverted question whether thesa greenbacks thus re- tired may be roissued by tho Scerotary of tho L'rensuryl Blv. SunraaN oxplaius that, ac- cording to the terms of the bill, the rotire- mont is to go on uniil the whole amount of logal-tender notes outstanding shall be re- duced to threo hundred mitlions, when it is tostop. There is, therefors, no question that, until the nggrogate mmount of groen. ‘Lacks in circulation shall bo reduced to threo lundred millions, the rotirod notes cannot Do reissned. Whother they may bo reissued after that timo is n question which perhaps is not materinl, becauso by that timo, tho 1st of January, 1879, which is fived for tho re- demption of legal-tendor motes in coin, will have mwived. It will then censo to bo & question of consequence whether the notes bo issued or mot, so long ns the notes aro redecmablo in coin, It seems to bo contemplated by tho bill that it will require at lenst four years to have the National Bank civenlation inerensed $200,000,000,—and that, of courso, it will require tho samo longth of timo to retire the §82,000,000 of legal-tender notes. When these two rosults shall bo ac- complished, tho 'Lreasury Department, with the menus at its disposnl, will be nmply pre- pared not only to roswme, bub to onintein specio pnymonts, Whon this has begun, and legal-tender notes will bo equivalent to coin, and will pass as such in all transactions, then the Government of course might, if noocs- sary, issue any amount of such notes, pro- vided tho jssue shall not be so largo as to im- pair their valuo by roudering their vedemp- tion on demand moro diflioult, Thig explanation of the operations of the bill removes thoe objection that the beneflt of tho reliremout of the cighty millions of ‘freasury notea would all bo lost if theso samo notes might bo reissued nt tho discre- tion of tho Secretary of tho Treasmy. As this waos the only material objection urged agninst the bill, and ns this is expleined oway, the Republican porty might congratulate itself on hoving its finanelal policy so well and so safely cmbodied as it is in this bill, THE CHICAGO HOTELS, Tho financial embarrassmont whicl has overtakon Messrs, Gaor and Itrck, the lato proprictors of tho CGrand Paciflo Hotel, is a matter of public regrot, While it is tho di- | vect rosnlt of a serics of peculinly ndverse cireumsinnces outside of tho managoment and business of the lotel itself, it isapt to bo constrnod abroad as su indieation that Obicago isnot prepared to support tho large group of magniticent hotols whioh have been built sinco the fire of 1871, The error of this conclusion can only ba demonsirated by the future prosperity of the Grand Pacifio, in which we havo perfoct confldenco; bub thoso who are familiar with the history of tho mat- tor will not rogard the present embaryassmont clthor as n yeflection upon the late nan. ngemont or as an indication of a deoline in business, ¢ Among. all tho glorios of reswrrooted Ohi- ongo, ita lotels aro porhaps tho grandost. I'hero is only ouo city on the countinent that hae anything liko the sane extont or lavish- noss of acconunodations for strangors, and ovon that city—New York—caunot bo com- pared o Chicogo In this roapoct If tho dlifer- enco in population be taken into nccoung ‘Wo linvo certainly threo hotels which in arehi- teoture, spnoioustiess, convenionco of arrange- ment, adornment nud stylo of liviug, dofy ri- valry in this conntry or Furope, Wa have o muss of others which offor all the comforts and advantages of ordinary hotel-life. Wo liavo holels kept on tho Enropenn plan, Zotels garas, and private family hotels in great number and of oxcollent charactor. Butwedo not beliove, with all this, that the hotol-busi~ ness is notunlly *ovordono " in Chicago, though such is the goneral impression, It i cortainly far in advanco of othor citios; but it is charnateristic of Ohicngo to bo in advance, Tho hotel-room of thin cify is not too largo for the business, with proper and varied man- ngewent, Tho change that has taken place in tho Pacifle is tho result noither of bad manage- ment nor of loss of money. It is claimed, and wo believo with truth, that the houso hns considerably moro than paid its way from the day it wns opened, notwithatanding the Tinrd times and tho sotive competition. No other explanation for the enforced retirement of Messrs, Gaar and Rrce is necessary than the fact that their original outlny excceded tho resources which they wero subsaequently able to command. ‘Thoy counted upon effective nssistance from Mr, Davip A, Gaee which was not forthcoming, Ho invested in tho houso but a small proportion of tho enapital which he was to put into it, and which ha was regarded as abundantly able to furnish, When his defaleation beeamo lknown, Mr. Groror W. Gacr nnd Mr. Ior borrowed $80,000 to pay him back what he had put into thie common concern. Thus two gon- tlomen of limited means wero foreed to cmry 8250,000, tho original outlay, which was to bave been divided between three, and tho third a mnan of supposed wenlth, It is notat all strange, therefore, that they should have Leen forced into rotirement with the loss of what thoy had alrendy paid in, Mossra, Gaok and Rioe, and particularly Mr, Gronae W. Gack, aro entitled to the enrnest sympathy of the community. Thoy have maintained, under oxccedingly unfav- orabla civoumstances, o lotel that was a crodit to tho city. Dr. Groroe W, Gacx, who was possessed of o fortunc ab tho time of tho fire, now goes out of business at an hdvanced ngo with little or nothing loft; and it is sincerely to bo hoped that ho will yet have timo and opportunity to recuporate his financial standing, The futuro of tho Grand: Pacific Iotel, wo think, is assured by the trans. for of tho lease ond managoment to Mr, Jonn B, Draxz, for many years Pro- prictor of tho old Tremont House, and one of the most popular and expoert hotel- managers in this country., Mr. Drare was reered and educated to the carcer of a pro- fessional Liost, and for twenty years mado tho Tromont Houso the contral point in the City of Chicago. Mo is yob inhis prime, is full of ambition, and has amplo means. Fore- seeing some sueh result ag this, ho held aloof from all tho hotel projects that grew out of tho fire, and he bas not gono into the Pacifie now without fully meking up his mind that his time has come, and that ho can make it poy whilo sustaining his past reputation. ‘His success is certain, BOME MORE BOUTHERN ORIVALRY, The encounter between Ex-Gov. Wan. wors and D, C. Byenry, tho maneger of the Neow Orleans Bulletin, which took place on Saturday nnd resulted in the death of tho Iotter, will do mor's to reinstato Wanyora in tho good opinion of tho people of this country than anything which has oceurred in his caso sineo ho forfeited the respect of tho genernl publie. Wanxorn wns & typieal carpet. Laggor. o went to tho South to entor into professionpl politics. ond his aim was to make it pay, 1o ncted with the Republican party asiong ns he conceived it to ba in his inter- est to doeo. Ho loft the Ropublican party andl joined tho Democrats as soon as ho mado up his mind that the former could no longer ‘bo of personal servies to him, Since then ho has been hanging on at tho outskirts of politics, and weging a sort of guorilla war- faro on his own account. He is a political adventurer, and, as such, has done nothing {o command either, the confidence or admira- tion of mon who rogard public offices in the light of sacved public trusts, But, in the late possonal encounter which hed baeen foreed upon him, he conducted himself in mauner to at least exact some respect for his personal manliness. . ‘Tho story of the troublo may bo briefly told. Tho Bulletin, an ultra Demacratic organ, not content with the troubles Louisi- ang is olready suffering, and determined to havo tho anclen regime or nothing, began somo days ago to domand that tho negroes should not be allowed to ride in the same streot-cars a8 tho whiles, but that one car in avory fivo or six, espocinlly designated by a star, should bo provided for their exclusivo uge. This, it scoms, had been tho custom prior to Wanyora's Administration, and as Wanuorst hnd been instyumental in brenking it up, ho had {o come in for his share of the abuso, Wannorn replied in a card, in which lio reealled tho unifieation mecting held a couplo of years ago under the auspices of lending mon in both parties, which, bo said, wos n pledge of eivil vights to tho colored people, Tho answer made by tho' Bulletin to this card wes n volloy of personnl abuse. Theroupon My, Wanyorn wroto another cord in which o racited somo of the incidents in the carcer of Mr, Jewerr, editor of the Bullelin, not very creditable to tho latter. Afr. Jrwerr then sent around s friend to My, Wanvorn to nsk him whether ho would fight, Wan- »oTa's answer was, in effect, that ho was not o fighting man; that ho would rather not fight, but that it would bo time onough to de. cido when ho roceived o challenge, Jrwerr sent the ohallenge, aud, ovidently contrary to his expeotation, it was necopted. Tho duel was avanged to take place to-dny at 11 o'clock in Alnbamn, But Saturdoy WansoTir was at- tacked on the public streets by Bymnuy, a partner of Jewert's, who strucle Wanyorn soveral tires with a heavy cane. The Inttor wad unarmad, but olosed in upon his nsseilant with anopen pocket-knife in order to anve hislifo; and in the fall, Wanyorh still being the under man, he stabbed Byenny several times, Tho latter lins sinco dlod from lis wrounds, Wa do not sco wheroln Wamtornt ean bo blamod for any part he hins taken in this con- trovorsy, oxcopt lis acooptance of Jnwerr's challenge, Yot it s possible to conceive that o man living in n.community liko that of New Orloans should almost be forced into such an omor in order to sustaln bis self-rospect, But, howover much WiunoTn may havo erred in necopting tho ohallenge, tho aecoptiuco cortuinly ought to have prolocted him from asknult in n community whers tho Codo is rocognizod, It looksvory muoch es though tho Jnwerr-Byenny party oro 4 seb of poltroons, 'This was his trade, cownrds, aod bullles. It scems to Dbo per- factly olonr that they expected to intimidate Wanxorn aftor ho had admitted that ho was not o fighting mau, Tailing in thls, thoy seom to have plotted fo attnele him whon ho was nob expecting it, nnd thus cithor kill him or disablo him so that ho should not faco his opponent at tho appointed hour to-day, The objoct vf the atinck was dnstardly ; the nttack itself 'of n most cowardly naturo, ‘Wansorir, considoring he was confessedly not n fighting man, defonded hithself horo- was not probably within the scope of his in- tentions, it is o rosult which no decent man will bo inclined to rogret. Byenuy richly do- gerved the fate that overtook lim, and Wan- sorit should bo instantly discharged from censtody. g This encounter pointedly illustrates two things, which will bo brought ont conspicu- ously by its oceurrence. In the first place, it shows tho uttor and uncompromising ultraism of the Southern Democrats, which is worse, if possible, than tho opposing ultraism of the earpot-baggers, Tho trouble is that thore is nothing like Conscrvatism in Louisinna, ‘Wandors has boen acting with the so-called Congorvatives over sinco 1872, but this could not save him from brutal assault simply be- cause ho refused to join in a goneral war agningt ‘‘the niggors.,” In tho next place, the attrok on Warsorn ought to sotila the dueling question once for all. No claim on the part of Southern chivalry, honceforth, in favor of tho horoism and gontlemnnliness of the Codo can over be admnitted; and no indictment against o mon as a cow- ard will lold berenftér simply beeauso ho rofuses to accept o ohallenge, and sot up his life ogainst a Jife that isn't worth arush, It will only bo necessary to point to the WarsoTir caso to show that, if tho challenge bo nccepted, there will bo an offort to kill or disablo the challonged man in some cowardly manner, in order that ho may not havo a fair show for his life. et us hear no more of thé chivalry of the Code aftor this affair, Let men in tho South rather await a covert attack, and, like Wanstor, de- fond themselves as best they ean, 'Wo only hope tho defense will bo ag effective in overy case as it was in his, POOR GAS, Thero was o hopoe upon the part of the people when the Sccrctary of the South Side Gas Company mede his announcetnent some weoks ago that thero would bo air in the pipes for two or threo days, consequont upon maling connections with tho new works, that they would have good gas when the air got out of the pipes, and that, under the now arrangemonts, thoy would have light sufficient to onablo them to ent their meals, read their nowspapers, and do household and offica work, This was tho cnso for a short time, and thero was very goneral rejoicing and congratulation that at last this hugo mo- nopolizing corporntion had withdrawn its tyrannie exactions, and would in the futuro furnish an equivalent for tho heavy tax it collects from tho people. The confidenco was misplaced, however, ‘Tho corporation speedily returned to ils oxactions, reducod the quality of its gas, and ig now palming off upon the people of this city o light which is insuffieient for any practical pur- poses, simply that it may incrense its profits, The poople have borne with this grievanco so long and so patiently that tho monopolists aro encouraged to con- tinue, and do not even deign an excuso or apology for the wor'"less article they furnish, ‘The imposition might bo borno with some patience if there wore any good repson for it, but copl and labor nover wero cheaper than now. Tho Gas Company have the ma- terinl and the resources to make good gas, but they will not do it so long as people will submit to tho swindlo witbout even a pro- test. This is not the only grievanca they aro compelled to endure. They are expected to pay exorbitant rates, inorensed by false mens- urements, without & murmur, Where o house- liolder fails to givo personal attention to his meter, lo 38 charged the same whether ho uses one burner or a dozen, Tho Pacifia Hotel can run up a bill of thousands of dol- lars, beeauso tho President of tho Company boards there. The poor man, however, who does not pay hisbill of three or four dollavs promptly, has his gas shut off. As the Gas Company shows no disposition to relievo tho people from this imposition, ‘but is certainly adding to its extortions, somo mensures must bo taken by the peoplo them- .solvos to put an end to them. If tho Council is powerless in the premisos, then tho citizens ghould assort their rights in gome maunner, so plain and unmistakable that oven tho Chicego Gos Company can undorstand it THE DEMOCRATIO FINANOIAL POLIOY. The Democrats in the United States Senato have placed themsclvos on record agninst the Sonate Finnnco bill. There have been many protosts of tho Democracy that they wero in favor of specio payments, o relurn to Lionost money and renl values. Their leader, M. Trunacay, of Ohio, has been paraded beforo tho country es the *'Sound Democratic Statesman,” But when the bill was pra- sonted to fix o day in tho futuro whon the Govornment shall resumo specio payment ; when the filthy fractional currency shall bo ro- placed with coin ; whon the fluctuntions and varigtions of tho greonbacks shull bo at an ond; when the gold-room will be cloged, and the credit of tho natlon again at par,~when this Dbill was on its passage, whoro wero tho Dem- ocratic Senators? Including Trerox, Haxe 1rox, and Brraaur, cx-Republicans, thero wero but 14 votes nll told; of these, 11 were Domocrats, Tho other Democrats refused to levate, ovaded, dodged, and rn away. Nor ONE DEMOCRAT VOTED FOI TAE DLy looking to the restoration of honest money. Tho bill lias now gone to the Ilouso, and thero the Domocrats proposs to go on the yecord ps againgt it. From FraNanvo Woop down to tho lowest in rank, they propose to givo no voto for honest money, speole payments, or resl values, With tho uame infatuntion that induced ovory member of that party in both Houses of Congross, and in overy Legislaturoof tho Union, to go on record in opposition fothe amendment abolisling slavery,~which fact will stand as a roproach to the party for all thne,—so now they proposo to go on xocord in opposition to asound ourrency, snd in favor of spoliation and repudintfon, Whoro aro the Domocratie platforms of last yorr in favor of hard monoy ? Connectiout, Now Hampshire, Now Yorl, Now Jersoy, Marylsud, ond ilnols, oll doclared in favor of honeat inonoy—the “rocognizod monoy of the olvilized world.” All of thom doclared n favor of specla poymonts, Woro these platforms frauds? Wora thoso rosolutions choata? Did Mr, Saxt TrepeN doosive the poople uf Now Yok fnto voting tho' Domooratio ticket on the falsa protenso that tho party was in favor of spoole poymonts and honost monoy ? How is i, thon, that in the Ifouso of Ropresontatives ienlly ; nnd, while the killing of his nssailant” thero is not n Demoorat who has the courago to voto for n bill which hos oven o tendency towards resumption, and appoints o timo whon the Government shall bogin to take up its overduo’and protested paper? Aro thore any hard-money Domacrats in Congresn? In it not a frand to sy thorois ono? In 1803 the Demoorats in Congross woro all oppored to slevery, but when they wero called upon to vote for its nabolition by an indisputably legal monus mnot one dared show that lio was a freeman, o now, thongh their platforms have n motallic ring, and their voices ara silvery, nnd thoir speech- s goldon, when they ave ealled upon to volo, they cithor run away, or record their names for tho continuntion of rags, for deprecinted cwrroncy, for fletitions values, dishonest money,nand theinevitable consequenco of these, natiopnl bankruptoy and repudiation, 'The tepublican party in Congress have tondered thiem o bill on which all mon of all parties in favor of nntional Tionesty and good faith may unito, and the Domocrats have rejected it, preforring to go befora tho peoplo of tho country in favor of ropudintion and dishonest, depreciated, irredcemnble promises to pay. THE MATERIAL OF MONEY. Micnen CnevaLiEn, tho eminent Fronch cconomist, has put into n fow words the res- sons wlhy money should bg madoe of gold and silver, Wo have summarized his summary. Ho snys that the object which is to sorvo as monoy must (1) bo a subject of trado in it- self, (2) have largo value in small spnco and weight, (8) bo durable, (4) bo of simplo for- mation, (5) Lo steady in valuo, (6) bo indeflnitely divisiblo, (7) bo fitted to recoive * and xetain a delicato impres- sion, (8) bo nlleable, and (9) bo gusily distinguishnble from more or less nnalogous circumstances, oven when the Intter have beon fashioned into the same forms, The reasons for theso rine requisites oro self-evident, unless, indecd, tho first may bo questioned. The material of which monoy is made should be an object of trade, asido from its uso as money, beeause it will then be produced, independently of any de- mand for it a8 currency, and the cost of this production will fix its value as eurrency, It iz n well-known fact that the valuo of any commodity depends on the cost of producing it. Gold and silver fulfill, more perfectly than any other subsiances, theso nine requisites, They have a trade value, as means of adorn- ment and use, independently of their valuo as curroncy. Sccondly, they combine great valuo in small space moro porfectly than auy othier substance, which is known to exist in suflicient quantity for currency, does. Third. 1y, they aro very durable, Coins buvied for nges retain their former color and designs. Gold and silver aro acted upon by very few chemicals, and can be readily soparated from any of them, TFourthly, they are simply formed, and aro therefore found of tho sama sort the world over. Fifthly, thoy vary littloin valuo,—less, in fact, than any other known substance, Mistory records but a few siiall cbanges in thoir worth, and theso were dis- tributed over o long sevies of years. Sisthly, they can bo divided: nimost infinitely. This makes it possible to uso them in small trans- nctions, They loso nothing by the division. An ounco of gold is worth just as much, no matter into how many pieces if in divided. I o Jarge dinmond were quartered, it would loso 99 per cent of its value, Soventhly, they can rendily Lo mado into coins, Eighthly, they aro malleablo in n very groat dogree, Ninthly, counterfeits of them, although exe- cuted with cunning care, oan be roadily de- teeted. Tho “ving " of gold and silver can. not bo produced bo any baser metal. This oxnet adaptation of moans to ends should bo o sufflelont answer to tho doubters who ask : **What is the uso of having gold and sitver monoy at all ?* They forget whnt the functions of monoy are. If thoy will but reeall thoso functions, they will see that only specie can discharge ‘them, Wo may add to AL Coevaricr's argument the additional fact that the money of one country should bo somothing used the world over ns monoy, ‘because it is used to offect intornntionnl ex- chonges, Tho only currency common to the whole world is gold and silver. RELLEY ON RECIPROOITY WITH GANADA. 1t is sad to think that the Hon. W, D. Keuuey wos once & Free-Tvader, If aman, after oneo grasping tho trath, or oven so much as Inying his littlo finger on it, could yelapse into the unparalleled ignoranco which the Hon, W, D. K. now shows on economio questions, let him who standeth take heed lest ho fall. A similar softening of the brain oy attack any onoof us, Mr, Xerry's iden of an enrthly paradiso as acountry surround- ed with o Ohinese wall of home-mado pig- iron has recoived nn unkind shock by the proposition to confirm tho rociprocity treaty lately negotinted with Cenada. Ho shudders at tho thouglitthat Lisfollow-citizens shouldbo nllowed to buy a suit of clotlies withant pay- ing o bounty of £26 to tho manufacturers who avo his ardent admirors and friends. Shall tha ¢ offete despotism " of Canedn, lio groans, be suffored to make living in this glorious Roepublis any cheaper? Aftor spending hundreds of auillions of monoy in railronds and eanals to facilitate intercourae botweon the two ocountries, shall we ceaso to oheck that intercourso by blocking up tho channels of trnde with Custom-Houses? o doos not, to bo sure, put his argument in prooisely this way, If ho did, bo might be bolst by his own potard, Mo does, howover, say that this tronty ‘“proposes to oxtend the British frontior to and through Leke Champlain and tho Iudson River to tho wharfs of Now York and Jorsoy City, and along the St Clair TFlats and tho Spult Sto, Mario Canal, and to so improve and on- largo theso chanuols that British vessels.of- war drawing not moro than twelve feot 10ny {raverse them all, and in the ovont of war oceupy these chanuels, harass our lake-ports, and invest Erio, Bufinlo, Cloveland, Chicngo, Milwaukoo, Detroit, Duluth, and other cities ad towna on the lakes" This is awful, Lvidently the cnnals should not bo enlarged, 1t would probably bo bost to fill them up al- togothor, in order to keep British vessels.of- war drawing less than twolve feet from fnvesting the ‘‘citios nsnd towns on tho Inkes,” TFor the further protection of the places he mentions, the hae bors of tho Citles of Erio, Buffalo, Cloveland, Detroit, and Ohiongo, aund of tho "Powsia of Milwaukeo and Duluth, might bo filled up, Whis would oftectunlly prevent thelr ontranco by a naval foreo. A sorios of artificinl roofs tiwoughaut the lakes would bo an additionsl rdvantnge, and tho stationing of au army on the frontlor, with orders to shoot ot sight nny Canuck canght novoss the lines, would do much to presorve ws {rom the contaminating contact of our nuighbors, till, aven thon, tho work would bo but hnif dono, In caso of war, all our seaboard oities would be exposod to altack by Britlsh gun. bonts, Tholr ports should ba flled up at onge. Tho project of improving the passago of the Mississippi nt its mouth should be abandoned forthwith, and it would perhaps bo well (necording to Mr. Krruey) to mnko any navigationbelow New Orlenns impossiblo. As tho railronds of the country would afford on invader grent facilities for Lransporting his armics to prominent points, thoy should bo dentroyed, When theso monsures of defenso Liad been comploted, and evory State, county, and township had beon surrounded with a high wall, Mr, Xenusy would probahly sleop in pence, without fenr for himself or his tarift, “The country could and wonld sleop, too,—~and its slumber wonld bo the sleep of death. Whon a timid obstructionist aslked Srreuexsor whethor it wonld not bo bed if cow got on tho traclk bofore the locomotive, the great engineer roplied that * it wounld be varn bad for the coo!” If the Hon. W, D, Krriry persists in his opposition to cheap transportation by railway and canal, it will ba vory bad for Ken DURELL'S SUCCEBSOLL. Tho man who disgraced the Bonch of the United States District Court for the Stato of Louisinna ls resigued, and his succossor, Doy A. Pauprr, hoa been nominated, Ilo hes not been confirmed, This delay is not duo to doubts a8 to his personal fitness for tho placo, At lenat no such doubts have beon oxpressed, He may be a good man or & bad man, but the reason of the Senate's hesi- tation in considering his ngmination is to be found, €0 say the dispatches from Washing- ton, in the opposition of Senator Wesr, ‘“It in understood,” tho IHerald correspondent tolegraphs, *that Senator Wesr, who was not consulted in the seclection, will op~ poso the confimation; and, in ae- cordanee with the “ususl courtesy” observed among Senators, the opposition of Mr, West may doprivo Louisinna of a Dis- trict Judgo for some time. If {he usual courlesy among Senators oblige them to re- jeet o nomineo to & very important Judge- ship beeauso a carpat-bagger is indignant at tho President’s neglect to nominato somo political hinek, then the sooner the Senators become impolite tho better. They counot begin to take lessons in rudoness too soon. Wo are unaware of anything in Mr, Wrer's eaveer, cither as en editor, soldier, subor- dinate in the office of tho Now Or- leans Marshal, carpet-baggor, Stato ofi- cor, Senator chosen by n notorious- ly corrupt Legislature, or Ilaw-maker at Washington, which miakes his opinion of any especial worth in the matter. If ho were wise as Solomon and upright s Joseph, tho principle or lack of principlo on which he nacts would still be thoroughly bad, It is the Prosident’s business to nominate or to refuse to nominnte a mon as e sces fit, and the Sonate's business to confirm or reject the nomination ns it sees fit. By what xight does this man WesT assume that ho is to usurp points which aro conceded by beth pmics, The result of tho Inbors of the Benrd. n2 might havo heen expected, hos ngmeavated the situation and plunged tho wholo # into n fover of frenzy, ‘e White Leag: in the very rago of robellion, and, unlus sup- preosed by the strong arm of military power, will hoforo long bring abont annrehy nud massacre. What shall bo dono? Who will golvo Lhiy problom? If tho State is turned over {o tho Tengue, it will bo turnad over to its minority party. Bubt by what prineiple of o ity or Jaw ean tho minority rule tho majority? "Thig would bo subyersive of tho fundmental doctrine of Ropublicnnism that the nnjority shall rule, and yet if the intelligenco, the ed- uention, tho property, and the tax-paying elo- meuts of o State sbould oxereiso the law. making power aud administor thoe public of- flees, certainly the Government of Louisiana should bein the handsof the whito nien, and itndds to the forca of tho argument tho fact that, in the Southern States whero the white inhabitants |exerciso outhority, there aro peace and ordor and improved admiuistra. tion of Governmont, Desirablo as this may bo, hiowever, how is it to bo accomplished in Louisinua without overthrowing tie very foundetion principles of Government, end setting n precedont which might ba ruinous to Republican institutions? On the other hand, if the Government of thoe Stato is not givento tho minority, but to themajority, then two incalenlable evils present themsclves at once, Tirst, it placestho black manin nuthority over the whito mau, and subjects tho intelli- gouce, tho brain power, the commereinl olo- ment, the property, and tho tax-peying re- sources of tho Btate to the disposition and imposition of the ignorance, the poverty, and the incapacity of the State. Thiswould bon disposition of the question which would bo abhorront to overy one's sense of propriety and justice, and would sot the wholo South in a fovor-heat of rage, and undo all that hoy beon dome toward tho restoration of peaco and order. See- ond, it would porpotuato tho power of the carpot-baggers, who are primarily ro- sponsible for tho presont wretched condition of Louisiann, and who would find the domi- nant political element o ready and pliant tool for their corrupt purposes in the future as they have in the past. Noither of these propositions, therefore, suggests a feasiblo plan of eseapo from the ovils which environ this unbappy State. Turn either way, and insurmountablo obstacles scem to present thomselves. Reducing the State to s Terri- torial form of Government, nnder military power, is a violent remedy, which should bo applied only under the most desperate cixcumstances, Timo and compromiso scem to bo the only clements upon which Louisiana can rely for the solv- ing of tho problem, Mennwhile, the General the DProsident’s prerogative and nominate some creaturo of his own ? Tor what renson does the Senate aid him in his foolish bra- vado by refusing to act on a nomination not made by him ? Aro our Judges to ba chosen by carpot-baggers ? History shows that alegislative body always usurps the executive functions wlen it can, The framers of our Coustitution wisely guarded ngainst this danger, ns far as they could, by marking out distinet spheres for the executive, logislative, and judicial depart- ments of the Government, It is of the utmost importonce that oach of theso co-ordinates powers shonld move in its own orbit. Only in this way can » sori- ous eclashing of interests be prevented. Senptor Wresr's high-handed attempt to chock the Presidont in the use of the powers given him by the Constitution deserves re- buke. Thoe Federal Judicinry should bo kept Ligh above the reach of unclean hands. If tho Louisiang Senntor fries to intermeddle heroaftor with other people’s business, wo trust the President will loso no words upon him, Xethim peraphrase Greerey's advice to the typical young mnn and simply sny, “ Go, Wesr." T LOVISIANA. Each day's dispatehes from Louisinna show an aggravation of the troubles of that unhappy State, and remove the settlemont of its distraoting political problom further and further away, Whilo the other Southern Btates, oxcopt Mississippi, are comparatively peacoful and orderly, and making slow but sure recovery from the unsettled condition in which the War loft them, Louisiana continues to bo tho centre of on agitation amounting almost to anarchy, and affording no apparont® hopo of relief. Tho Republican party in Louisiana has -an undoubted majority of from 10,000 to 15,000 votes, and were an elootion perfeetly freo and fair, like an olec. tion in Dlinois, it would show that majority, Tho election of Nov. 2 was not a free or fair ono. It was conducted under tho nuspieos of a premeditated and systomatio torvorism. The blacks conatituto nino-tenths of tho Republican pnry in Louisiaua; tho ‘White League is the Democratio party, and is orgnnized moro closely and compactly than tho snma porty in othor States. By infor- malities, irregularities, and organized terror- imm, the Whito League so intimidated the bincks and dootored the returns,—in fact, so forced tho fight upon thom,—that they kept sufllcient of them away from tho polls to insure a vietory for the White Lenguo, tho original roturns, ns filed with tho Stato Board of Canvassers nt New Orleans, giving. totals for State Trensurer (tho only goneral officor ohosen), boing ny follow: AxTOINE DUDDOLEY (Rep,] Jonx O, MoNounz (Dem.,) Al veniienen Do, magerits, 5. The State Board, nfter gix weeks of tedious oxamination of tho returns in detail, have {inally rojeoted tho returns from certain par- ishes in bulk and from certain poll-districts in other parishes, and hirve declared the ve- sult to bo ns follows : Axtowve DunooLt (Rep, 60,504 Jonx C, Doxecuns (Dem, 08,568 98,130 Tep, The ds of tho Returning Doard not only givos tho Republican Trensurer ama- Jority, but also gives the party n majority of twa in the Legislature, ngninst tho fiftcen or twenty claimed by tho Demoorats, It throws out 6,416 Democratio and 2,418 Republican, or a totnl of 7,708 votes, as hirogular, without making roferenco to tho largo number of Topubliean votes uupolled through feor and intimidntion, which wore not reprosented in ho oloction at all, owing fo the terrorism whicl was brought to bear against the blacks, and which would have swolled tho Repub- liean voto toa handsomo majority, ‘Tho only pointy of ogrecment Lotweon tho cou- ligting eclemonts soon to bo the pas. unge of the Coustitutionnl amendmont con. golidating the bouds jasued under tho Fund. iug bill, reducing aud Lwiting the dobts of the Btate and of Now Orlonus, prohibiting tha lssuo of warrants in oxceos of tho revenuo, and chauging tho dato of tho Stato clootion,— Fa Government esn do no less than to placo itsolf in' that State in such a position as ta suppress any outbreak of violence, It is ab present tha only authority which is respected there, Under tho startling caption *T'ho Deapot of To- Day,” 0ld and New for January dovotas soveral pagea toa review of the marvels of telegraphy, and the rapid improvement made in the past fow yoars in tho art of trapsmitting messages over tho wire; and as tho scicneo hos now becomo one of tho essantinl clemonts of our modern civiliza- tion, it ig a subjoct which must interost every man, woman, and child in tho United States. It ia well known that many years ago a Gor- man ssvan discovered that two meseages could bo transmitted simultancously over the same wire. It wasalong timo before this wondorful discovary was turnod to practieal account, bul to an Amorican, Mr, 8T2ARNS, bolongs tho crodit of having overcomo the natural diffcultios in tho way, ond, both in this country and in Greal Dritain, SteAnNs’ duplex instrument ia-in use, by which two messages moy be sont in op- posito directions more rapidly than ong could bo trauemitted eingly. This waa & grand discovery, and oo to which tho publia ot unnaturally looked os the commencement of but in that still more complex scicnce of ecous omy. In othor words, the long-sulfering public, ransoning upon the reduced cost of trausmitting messagos, looked to & reduction in tho charged of tha tolograph companics, How they were dise appointed is a mattor of history. 8till furtber oxporimonts mado within the past six montlis bave doveloped the astouudiug fact in natural magio that four messages cau bo sont over asingle wiroas readily as two, and cthat through messages and local ones can be senb without interfering with éue suother aver the same wira, White, for instauce, messazes aro being slinultaneously oxchanged betwoon Boston aud Now York, two moro cau bosent on tho sama wire betweon Boston and Worcester; two bo- twoon Worceater and Springfleld, and two be- twoon Springficld and Now Ilavon or Now York, making io all cight soparate and distiuet wes- uagou crosaing aud rocrossing on ono wirg at the sawmo moment of thne! ‘Tho rador ls moro or less famillar with the story of {elopraphing musie, This {s no mere Hlight of fauoy, but an actuz] fact. If the waves of sound procecding from tho human voles, or somo wind or atringed iustrumont, is msde to #triko upon o resonant surface liko the hoad of & drum, tho vibrations may bo made to opon and cloan an olectrio citeuit, or tho strings of an tu- strument may bo mado to parform the samo sorvico, I? tho jmpulses Bro ro- ceivad upon tho strings of avother [vatru- mont in barmony with tho first, tho notes moy bo transmitted. The noten may represont tho letters of tho alphabet, und eaah operator can eend throo timos as many wessages oy hour a3 by tho ordinary 3onse trausmittor, The working oapaoity of tho linocan thus bo enor« mously inoronsed without ioterrapiion, By WiearsToNg's automatio fustrument, 10,000 wordg an hour have beon transmitted, or over six solid minfon gotumns of Tute Cittoado Tran~ use, Oue colunn of THE TRIBUNE, or 1,600 words, ks froquontly boon sont batweon Wash- fogton and Now York fu ono minute, This sooms almost fabulons, bubitisafact forall that. Tn addition to this, mosasges from Doston snd other Enstern citles to San Francluco are uow tranemittod by automatie ropentors, instead of operstors, saving nu enornioud suw, and josur- Ing gronter accurucy. Eight yoars ago compara- tivoly litle ueso was mudo of tho telegraph, Now tho business {8 already groat, and tho rush ab night bas caused tho establishment of half- rates, With all theso vost improvomouts io tho apparatus, and the marvolons dovelopments of tho latout powors of the tclogeaph, tbhoro has como an enormous reduction in tho cost of trausmilting dispatches. This i o matter of coureo, In 1867, it oost tho Woatorn Union Tolo~ graph Compony 84,000,060 to send 5,000,000 messages ; in 1874, it cost §0,755,000 to .send 10,000,000 mossages,—000 por cont jucreaso of business, with loss than 78 pox cont inoroaso ot oxponsos, It would naturally be aupposed that the chargoy had baen lowered u somethivg like pro- portion to’ thess wondorful figures, but, uuiors tunstoly, though thero hius boou & alight svorage reduction, tho yates fram Now York to Pittse burg, Clucinuatl, Obicago, New Maven, Bprings field, ond othior lurgo vitlos, aYo ootusily ghes thar they wors in 1867, Botwoon Chicao and Naw York, for a motsngo of ton words, tho sond» orfs taxed $1,25—123¢ centa a word, Qompare ihis with the rates in Groat Writalu, From Lioud's Xud, iu Cotuwall, to Kirkwall, in Boote & new ors, not in the scionce of telograpby alone, ” i |