Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 26, 1874, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, 1875, WATEA O NURNCRIPTION (TAYADLE IN ADVANCE). Paxtnan Prepatd at iy 001 Da 1l Y133 nda) ‘l'rll-‘(fn‘;{nl'yn b S1EB0 el Tarts of & year at tho anmie rato, Ta provent delay and mistakes, bo suro and giva Post- Oftico addzess In Tull, Including Stato and Connty. Temittancosmay bomado elthor by dratt, expross, Post- Ofico ordar, or fu registercd lotters, at our rlsk, TEDMB TO CITY AUNECRIDENS. Dally, delivared, Sunilay cxcentod, 255 conta por week Dally, doliversd, Bunday Includod, 30 conts por wook Addeess TIE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Cornoe Madison and Dearliorn-sta,, Chioago, 1il TODAY'S AMUSEMEN AOADREMY OF MUSI(~Halstad atreot, hotwaon Mad- feon and Monron, Kngagamgnt of tho' Almeo O:ora- Boupmo Meoupo, - Afternalt, - Lg Fillg do'Madamo An- Tou° tivonlug, 10 Porchol. R MVICKER'S THEATRE—Madlson straot, botwean Dearborn and_Stato, (ngagoment af Gdwlin Toath, Aftornogn, **Tho Stiangor™ ind ** Kathering aad Poo trughio," 'Eronlug, ** Richolleu." WOOLEY'S_THURATRE-Nandalnh steact, hatwoon Olark and, 1aSalle, **Tho Serlous Family'" and bur- Sesque on ** Ttickard 111" Aftorucon snd evoniug. o] 151 k. oppsito orman Iouso, * Kol i Bt Ritoroon and ovoniug. H3V QIIOAGO MUSEUM--Monrog streoty botwoon Doar~ born and Siato, Aftornoun, **Violima," Kvouing, ‘70 Lanosshlro I "SOCIETY MEETINGS, COVENANT LODGE, No, (4, A, T & A, M.~Tho oflicors and monitiors of abore namad Lodyo aro fisrohy Zotiiiod (o abpear at thiolr Lodge-Ttoom, coruue Kinziy A Clark-ai.. AL O 8. Bi Bunday worning, tho 1tk to Attend tho furoral of our lato Drather As 1. . prd W AL N T A TO WOUSEKREPERS—THE ATTENTION OF ‘boads of familles is respuotfully jovitod to tho superior uslity of Jurnei('s Flavoring Extructs. Thoy are entirely $ion tiom iho polaonous olle-nnd acids which- enter into the composition of many of tho factilous fruit llavors pow i1 tae market, 'Floy aro llluhl{; conventratad, Lavo all tho freshness and dellfeacy of tho fruits from which thoy sro propared, and aro loss oxpensive. Moats, Soups, ot0., may ba groatly Lmproved by Burnoft's Kxtractof Celory. Y*%a hvo anld them fora lang timo, ALWATS FIND TURM PUBE AND RELIADLE,"—Itockwoud Bros. ** Fivo yoars' cunstaut salo; TIE DEST AND CHEATEST ] FAR BUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS."-~1i, B, Jrulsod & Ov. For salo by goud arocers and drugy INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. THIRD PAGE-Clty, Suburban, and Country Tieal Kstatg, Wantx, To iouts, ote., ote. SIXTH PAGU~—Amusomontr, Now Publications, Ocoan amhips, Railrond Limo-Tablo, Modical Carde, ota., The Thivage Tribune, Baturdey Morning, Deocomber 26, 1874. . CABINET CHANGES, Wo published Wednesday a Washington lotter in whioh referenco was made to the in- trigues to accomplish the retirement of Sec- zolary DBmsrow ond Postwnster-General Jeweer from tho Cabinet. Itis’gratifying to kmow that these villainous schemes have all beon abortive, and are likely to continue tobe so totho end. Tho President of tho United States is always more or less subject to imposition. Nearly all those who approneh %im with advico are more or less selfish, and directly or indirectly have personal ends to accomplish or personal griefstoavenge, The fact that these persons are high in official or social station, and aro men of influence in politics and society, does not change the fact that they are subject to tho frailties and ‘wenlmesses of hnunanity, and are more or less swayed in their judgment of public matters by their own personal ambition and interests. In the caso of Gon, Brisrow, the appoint- ment was entirely unsought for. The I'reas- ury Department had been run at odds and cends for several years, and, as was disclosod by tho concurrent testimony of Sccrofary Riomarpsox and Assistant Secretary Sawyen, was g0 loosely maneged that the cbiefs had no knowledge of what was going en under their very noses, and no subordinate was in the lenst embarrassed by any sense of official responsibility. Both of these officers declar- ed that it was impossible for them {o pesson- ally superviso the businoess of the Treasury. It mny bo well imogined what the condition of the Treasury business was when these men left the Department. The President, with excellent judgment, selected Gen. Bris- mow for Secretary, That officer at onco ad- dressed himself to the reorganization of the office, to bringing order out of chaos, and es- tablishing responsibility where there was none, Ho soon demonstrated that it was not impossible for the Seerctary of the Treasury to personally con- trol and direct tho business, Instead of blindly aflixing his signaturo to the ofiicial papers prosented to him by the head of every potty burcau, hie made himself the intelligent director and executive officer, from whom all orders procoeded after thoir object and pur- pose had been considered and approved. "Tho result of all this personal supervision has been to create an opposition to him on the part of the legion of lobbyists, claim.ngents, and tax-eaters who have been accustomed to do business under the old, loose, and irre- sponsible systom. These mon have found out that it is not sufficient to do business with the subordinate and bave the Sccretary approve aa a matter of course, The subordi- nate is now a mere clerk, who does nothing but what Lo is ordered to do, and whose transctions aro not spproved as a matter of cousse, but only after ns thorough an inves- tigation as if it originated with the Secratary himself. Consequently there is a change de- manded, and appeals to tho President upon countless matters of detail have been pre- sented, and his interferenca demanded by thoso who presume upon their personal or political prominence that they havo s right to lave things done when nnd as' they Pleased. In preciscly the samo monuer thera has grown up a war upon Postmaster-Géneral Jewern, This gentloman waos recalled from tho Mission to TRuasia to take charge of the grent Post-Ofice Dopartmont. That Depert- ment had becomo an expensive ono, nnd was annually falling further behind in the velative proportion of its oxpenditures and recoipts, It had failed to be anything like self-support- ing. The President, in sclecting a man to take charge of it under such circuwmstances, polected ono who was a thoroughly-educated business man,—one whose lifo had beon de- voted to the management of a largo business, flependent for its suceess upon its dotails, Afr, Jewern liod successfully mastered his pwn private business, and as sn Executive pfcer Lind won grent credit as Governor of Donneaticut. Io wos induced to nccopt the office, sud ab once, with the natural im. pulss of n prootionl business man, ade @rossed himself to reducoe the large ex- coss of oxponditura over income without Impairing the officienoy of the publie servico, Naturally ho investigated details, and where ho found a lenk he stoppod it, and where an usclss expenditura he lopped it off,"and whera an extravagant one he reduced it. Heo applied to the publio servico that smmo prac. tical alill aud judgment that he would have employed in Lis own private business undor Hko circumatonces, Of course this was alta- gothar displaasing to thoso who look upon Fue onbillo wavvice na o alnamonytay nstitn- THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY DECEMBER 20, 1874, tion for tho bonefit aud support of party bum. ors, jobbors, #poculators, nud contractors, These peoplonre enamored of the loose way of doing business. Thoy liko to have thoir re- quests and demands granted ns & male tor of courso. Thoy consider auy Inck of rov. enne caused by wasteful oxpendituro s a tri- fling mattor casily remedicd by Congrossionnl appropriation, nnd altogether toa trivial ta Lo considered by o *great Qovernmont in denling with its friends,” Consequently theso people, and their adbieronts aud followoers in all pavts of the country, declare that Mr, Jewenn is not & jowel for them, or a fit man for the place, which ought ta be given to somebody elso who would be more liberal in the oxpenditure of other peoples money, T'hero are no branches of the publio sorvico in tho honest, intelligent, and cconomical administration of which the peoplo are so Iargely and diveotly intevested as in the Irensury and Post-Offlco Depnrtinents, 'The want of men of thorongh aud cconomical business habits and practical busthoss pur- poses in thess Depariments las beon of sorious injury {o the country, ThoPresident, in tha exerciso of that good judgment of men &0 conspicuously shown by him in the solee- tion of his military leaders in the Civil War, has found for ench of iheso grent Depart- ments the best ofifcer it lns lind for many years, He has nppointed them uot as Lostow- ing rowards for politienl service, but becnuso of their peculinr fitness for the places, and ‘Beenuso of the great want of that fitnessat this time. The entored office enjoying Lis confidlence, and have gone to work just as ho donbtless desived they should do, to restore their respective Depariments to a sound, liealthy, working business condition. In the discliargo of their duties they have lhis cor- dinl support, ond will be sustained by him. Tho country will have the satisfaction intime of secing theso two great Depnrtments thor- oughly rcorganized and working with the snmo cxnctness, fidelity, and cconomy that aro necessary o their successful adninistra- tion, Weare confident that all those who baso their hopes and expectations of a change of cither of these Cabivet officers on any wont of sympathy by the President with them in their efforts to establish economy and diseipline ave doomed to cerlnin disap- pointment, ‘WESTERN TRADE WITH NEW YORK. The Board of I'vado of Buffalo, at s meet~ ing held Doo. 18, ndopted n sories of resolu- tions cmbodying what is styled *‘a canal policy.” The Board notify the State that, be- tween 1860 and 1873, the grain reccipte at Boston, Montreal, Philadelphis, and Baltimore have inereased from 80,000,000 bushels to 72,000,000, or nearly two-nnd-n-half times; those of New York have incrensed only one- ‘half, orfrom 58,000,000 to 91,000,000 bushels, The rato of increase of the four compoting points has been five times as great as at Now York., They also call attention to tho fact that the movement of grain by the canal was legs by 20,000 tons in 1873 than it wns in 1866, nnd has been 500,000 tons less, The trans. portation of grain on the eanal has only been kept whore it is by the xeduotion of tolls. In 1874, thero were 9,000,000 of - bushels less grain moved on tho canal than in 1873, though the soason was an excellont one, the canal in good condition, and lako freights very low, The Buffalo Board of Trado therefora declare that it is no longer o question of how much revenue the canal ean produce, but how the Western trade can bo kept for the cities of Now York, Thoy rocommend thnt the tolls be reduced to one-dalf of a mill per ton per mile on eastward-bound produce and grain, and that the tolls on tho productions of tho forest e reduced one-half ; that all tolls on western-bonnd freight be abolished. They also recommend that the Erio and Oswego Cannls bo improved by the removal of beneh-walls and othor obstractions, tho construction of double locks west of Syra- cuse, ond the canal be made 70 foet wido and 7 feet deop from Buffalo and Oswego to Albany. That this is tho true policy has been obvi- ous to overy man outside of New York for many years. The Biote of Now York should lhave begun this work twonty years ago. In tho meantime the world has moved. Trade has already found other outlots. It is a question whether the pro- posed improvements of the Erie Canal, if made, would equal the demands of the time, ‘While New York has been squeezing tho Erio Caunl of every cent of revenue it could bo mnde to produce, and secking to forca tho aunually-increasing trado of the West through o conal that was inndeguate for the purposo twenty yenrs ago, that trade has found other channels, Long before the policy recommend- ed at Buffalo will bo mado possible, the grain of the West will rush by steam and sail in un- broken cargo from the lakes through the enlarged canals of Canada and Montreal, and the same vessels will bring back their full londs of merchandise.—tho trade both ways being lost to New York for- evor. In tho same way the lake vesscls discharging their Western produce at Bufialo, tho grain and flour will thero bo put on rail and transported to Boston, giving New York iho go-by. When navigation closes, the grain trade from tho lako ports and from the interior will find ita way to Philadelphia and Baltimore, where it finds & ready market and honest and expeditious hondling, The roturn trade is of necossity lost to New York, T'ho reason for all this is not exclusively caual tolls and canal delays, though theso ara heavy items in tho bill of complaint. The grain trade in New York harbor has always beon managed most disgracefully, Grain renching tbnt harbor by canal is peddied about for several days, and bocomes subject to extortions for imaginary weighing, mensur- ing, aud hauling, sud demurrage; grain ronching New York by rail is treated ns if it were o “sort of contraband commodity to which railrond cofupanies were in no wiso undor any obligations to give any attontion. Hence the institution peculinr to New York called lighterage. Now all theso things oxist in New York nud nowhera else, and have beon submitted to because thero was no othor place to which grain could be gent, Tho ar- rangements for haudling grain in Now York harbor nre as primitive as they wore when the cannl dolivered its fivst lond of wheat there, nenrly fifty years ago, In Doaton, Philadelphia, Montveal, and Baltimora, noue of theso port extortions are known; thors aro no licensed toll-gathorers known as weighing or moasuring compauies ; no tow- ing companios, and the fraud and nuisauce of tho lighterage is unheamrd of. Hav- ing found other mmikets for the prompt and chesp bandling of grain, with all the con. veniences of forelgn trade, it is natural that the grain aud prodyce trade will go whoro it flnds tho Lest mnrket, Who gueatest dangor to the Western trade with Now York i in the enlavged connls of Couadn, furnishing all water teausportation 16 Montreal. When the Ht. Lawsence routo {s closed, then New York haw to compote with {ta vivalw by sl snd then it in threntened by the Baltimoro routa, which, doing business on one-third the debt and capital stock of either of the New York routes, ean nfford to give such diseriminations in favor of Baltimoro as will cither divert tho trado or bankrupt any company sceking to compote with its rates. The * policy” pro- posed at Bullnlo is all right, ro far as it goes; but there ara reforms in the New York City modo of handling grain which must take placo in order to onablo that oity to offer equal advantages with its sovoral rivals, The neeossity of sonding grain to Now York no longer exists, Other markets, froo of tho nbuses oxisting in that harbor, havoe already beon opened ; the shippor hns now his choico, and, naturally, will go where ho can do his business most promptly, most satisfactorily, and with the least inconvenienco and cost, JOKING WITH PISTOLS, Tho enso of Mixe McDoxarp, charged with assnult aud battery with a deadly wenpon upon James MeGanny, will probably end in tho acquittal of the acoused. Tho law of this State, ny oxpounded by tho Supreme Court in goveral of such cases, is that when the chargo is mnde of an assault with n dendly weapon, and tho weapon used is a pistol, it is incum- bent on the proseoutor to prove that the pis- tol was londed, orin fact was a dendly wen- pon. In the case of MeDoNaLD, the defenso clnims that the pistol wns not londed, and thero is ovidenco on both sides relnting to that point. We do not propose to commont upon tho question of the guilt or innoconco of the necused. Wae wish to call attention to tho fact, that, under our Iaw, when o man is indicted for an assault with a dendly wenpon, and upon the failure of the proof to conviet of that crime, the accusod cannot bo convieted even of an assault. There is another peculiarity of the law. While MoDoNatp may not bo convieted of nssault, or of an assault with intent to kill, or with n deadly weapon, unless upon proof that the pistol was londed, had McGarny, at the time the pistol was presented, nssumod that the pistol was londed and killed Mc- Doxawp, the law would have held him harm- less, Ile wns not bound to wait and find ont whether the pistol was loaded or not; ho would have been justified in considering his lifo in peril, and in killing his adversary o savo lhimself. Yet tho assault, which was sufliciontly mennoing, whethor tha pistol wos londed or not, to justify taking the lifo of the nsseilant, is not, without proof that the pistol was londed, of suficiont mngnitude to war- raut the punishment of the aceused. Herein is a lesson to all thoso porsons who may be disposed to go about presonting pistols at other poople's hends, They may guard ageiust convietion in the courts Ly having witnesses preparod beforehand to prove thet the pistol was not londed, and, thorofore, was entircly harmless; but this oamusement has its hazards, and if tho person at whom the pistol is pointed, either through fear or reasonablo prosumption, acts as if the pistol were londed, and by knife, bludgeon, pistol, or otherwise, kills the gentloman who is perpetrating the joke, the affair becomes serious to the joker, while the jokeo will stand justifiod in the cyes of tholaw. On the wholo, the exemption which the law extends to tho use of unlonded pistols in making assaults is more than balauced by the danger of the othor man troating it as a scrious affair ond not as » joke, Should he do so0, then tho holdor of tho unloaded pistol will bo at a disadvantage, and may, as the result of hia pleasantry, become tho subject of a Coronor's inquest, MR. BEECHER'S POSITION. It is meet and propor that the broad mantle of chirity should fall upon nll doubtful cases of sin or immorality at the holy time of Christmas, and we cheonfiy and gladly di- reet special attention to the article which we havo already reprinted from the Christian Union (Mr. BeecHER's paper) concerning the terrible Brooklyn seandnl. ‘The elosing para- graph of that article indicates vory clearly thatit was written by Mr. Breesen himself; at all events, sineo it is the firat referenco made by the Christiun Union to Mr. 'TiLToN's auit agninst Mr, Brzonen, it must benceppted o3 an official definition of Mr, Bezones’ posi- tion in the cnse, As such, there ave two or three notable points which we nro glad tosce, and wo sholl await their verification with faith, hope, and charity, In the first place, Mr. Berener is repre- gented as feeling it to be *theduty endprivi- lege of a Christian man to bear athousand at- tacks upon his own repuiation in silenco rather than suffer one innocent woman to be vilified for his sake before tho world," Mr Beecnen elaims that this was his policy be- fore the appenrance of Mr., ‘Tivton’s letter to Dr, Bacoy, and thereupon bases his explana- tion and excuse for Lis continued silence and cnigrontical letters, Wo cnnuot refrain in justice from recalling that Mr, Beromen de- parted from this policy somewhat in his final statement beforo tho Commmiitee, in which, instend of making overy effort Lo save tho fair famo of the woman whoso name hed been as- socinted with him, he sought an explanation of certain suspicious ciroumstances in an in. delicato hint that Mrs, TruroN's overween- ing affection for him betrayed them into situ- ations that might be misconstrued. Wo are willing to accopt Mr, Berouen's later stnto- ment in the Chriatian Union, however, as an abandonment of this unworthy and unmanly policy, and & warrant for fair, personal ro- sponsibility for whatever may be proved in the future, We mnote with pleasure, too, that Mr, Beeoner announces that ‘“ o desires and in- tends, God willing, to meet the whole case agoinet him at onco, and disposo of it for- ever”; nnd that “the object of the Dbill of particulars is not to provent tho plaintilf from introducing any evidence ho may have”; and, finplly, that “no acquittal is nsked or will be accepted upon any nprrow, or techni- cnl, or apologetic ground.,” Wo sincorely hopo that all this shall prove to be true, It is tho preciso opposite of the construction that has been universally placed upon this demand for a bill of particulars. Even the Nation, whioh liss been the steadfast friend of Mr, Beeonen throughout this unfor- tunate controversy, hias spoken of this proceed- iug a4 chavacteristio of o man who wanted to save his money and cared nothing for his reputation, rather than of the man who eared nothing for money but desired to viudionte his fair name by a presentation of all the avi- donco in the ease, But we will accopt Mr. DBerouen's lator assnranco, Let us have no alibis, nor any of the other trickery usually rosorted to in eriminal justico. Lot us have o fair, square trlal of the whole issue, unha- rassed by ony of the quirks, dodges, and technioalities of law, and unclonded by sus- ploions of evidence exeluded on technical ob- jeotions, Wo think M. Beeougn hos promi- ised nll this in his (hristian Union articlo, and, if ho lives up to it, thin painful seandal, which has resounded over the world, may, as Lo shys, bo diepoaod of forever, Thote {8 no fawlly wan, no #rlend of socloty, no Ohristinn, nor moral, nor honest man who docs not heartily wish that Mr. Brecnen’s skirts may bo clonred of all taint of the miro throngh which they have boon dragged for the past year, His nequitial will boin tho intorcst of Clristinnity, morality, and civilization, The scandal has been a nationnl disgrace. It hns beon a rofleetion npon tho social condition of the Amerlenn peoplo. Ity pornicious influcnces can only Lo removed by AMr. Brronen's final vindicn- tion, Thereforo overy trug man and womau must hope for it. It would also bo to tho ndvantage of all tho parties concerned in tho scandnl, Certainly no man could rojoico moro at such a rosnlt than ‘I'neoponr Trrton, if there bo clenr proof that his wifo lLas been laboring under an hallucinntion and that ho hns boen decoived by n chainof ciroumstantinl illusions, To lift n man from tho ignoblo position of a ouckold to tho exnlted one of an honored and respected husband, must bo thoe greatest boon that could Lo conferred upon any man who helioved that his wifo had been false to him, "Tho wholo nation and world will bo the bot- tor and purer for the proof that ITenny Wanp Beronen husnlways boon the pure and fervid Cliristinn goulloman that ho hins profossed to bo. 'his gonoral good can ouly Do attined, howover, by such a courso as Mr. Brrcuzn now says ho has outlined for himself,—a vin- dication without flaw, technicality, or com- promiso; an nbsolute caso that will earry convietion with it in ll its conclusions, © REFORM IN PUBLIC BUBINESS, Tho biennial roport of Secrotary of Stato Hanrow, concorning the transaction of publie Lusiuess in this State, shows in a very clear light one of the most important reforms which has been seoured undor the now Con- stitution, The report shows that, under tho not concerning corporatious, 1,148 applicas tions hnve been reccived. for licenso to organ- izo corporations, and of this number 855 have fully organized, as follows: Manufnc. turing, 168 ; miscellancous, 101 ; benevolent, 130 ; loan associntions, 181; wining, 593 printing and publishing, distilling, 13; ngriculture and driving.park asso- cintions, 16; litorary, 21; library, 21; gas companies, 18; comotories, 27, The whole number of orgnnizations ef- feoted under the Goneral Incorporation law sinco July 1, 1872, is 900 of all clesses, and tho whole number of railronds under the Genornl Railrond law is 70. Under the gen- eral law for the incorporation of cities and villages, 52 cities and 111 villages have orgon- ized, Tho casy and oxpeditious wayin which this grent volume of publie business has boon transactod shows the valua of the now Consti- tutlon, which hias been made the model for nearly all the other Statos which aro amend- ing their Constitutions, Undor tho old Con- stitution, each itom of this Lusiness would have necessitatod the passnge of o specinl charter for every company, io- volving grent expenditure of trouble aud time, and thesospeeinl chartors drawn up by the attormncys of corporations, each differ. ing from the other, would have been rushed into omnibus bills, and passed helter-skel- ter, without any knowledge as to their con- tents. \Tho publication slone, requiring many bully volumes, would have beon a serious itom of expense. Undorthanew Constitution, theso charters are classified under general 1nws, ond one charter gives tho goneral char- acter aud contents of all, By this simplicity aud system,; the Inwyers and the conris aro saved goneral trouble and con- fusion, and litigation is made easy. Thero is wniformity in theso bills, ond the courts and the public can readily understand them. Thore is no ono who knows tho nature of the charters made under the old Constitntion and framed by attorneys to se- euro special advantages for their companies. In this respact, the report of the Secretary of Stato confirms, at lenst, the value of ono of the reforms whick was claimed for the new Constitutio 25 : 25 ; OUR TRADE WITH CUBA. ‘Wo have already commented npon the seri- ous disadvantages under which Amorieans labor in their commercinl relations with Cuba, owing to the discriminating export aud import duties levied by tho Spenish Govorn- ment, These disndvantages will become the 1more apparent from a comparative statement of the inerense of our trade with Cuba during the pnst fow yenrs. If we first go back as far as the year 1854, we find our trade to have Dbeen as follows: Irmports from Cuba Exports to Ouba. Difference paid in goldu..seeisrssroes.$10,000,000 This statement should now be compared with the relative condition of our trado dur- ing tho past fow years, Tho figures aro as follows : i 1969, 50,070,491 11,816,020 57,534,005 13,708,060 43,700,806 oo enees§07:204,816 12, 000,831 Differonco patd I 0ld.csvs +vevvyess $70,050,081 It will be seen by a comparison of theso important figures that thera hasbeon an enor- mous and, with the excoption of one year, a steady incrense in our imports from Oubn, ‘They have nearly doublod within six yonrs, whilo the exports from this country to Guba have inoreased only one-fourth, In other words, we are taking from Cuba 100 per cont more than we did six years ago, and sending to Cubn only about 25 per cont more; this dif- ferenco of 70 per cont we have to pay in gold, As compared with twenly years ngo, tho showing is just asbad orworso, Wo thon im- ported from Cubs only about twice asmuch a8 wo exported to Cuba, In 1874, wo im- ported nonrly siy times a5 much s wo export- ed. Daring thedo twenty years our resources havo incrensed, our products are infinitely grentor, wo have boon practioally brought nenror to Ouba by improved ineans of transportation, sud our trade with all other countries has beon vastly augmented by n libera! systom of ‘oxobange and trontios of reoiprocal okaracter. The coudition of our trade with Oubn 15 tho result of a determined polioy of disorimination ngainst this country on the part of Spaiu, and wo should take advantage of any falr opportunity that pro- sonts jtaclt to insist upon fair treatment. It is not impossible that the finnl settlo- mont of tho Virginius complication may precont such an opportunity The delay in qomplylug with the terms agteed upon (a the Hottloment of this affair offers n ronsonablo oxeuso for domanding A genoral revision of tho trado relations Dotweon Spain and the United States, As it is now, the purpose of Spain s to make Ouba pay tho entiro exponses of the Home Government in two wnys, viz.: (1) By imposing oxcossive taxos npon everything that is exported from Cubn and everything imported by Cuba; and (2) by making theso duties discriminating in stch a way that Cuba is forced to buy from Spain what it is obliged to import. In this way what the Sponish Government fails to exnct from Cuba in the way of taxes it coorces from her in tho way of exorbitant prices for commodities that conld bo purchased mnch more chenply in the United States. ‘Thus, while the inereaso of our population and tho growing taste for sugars have ralsed onr imports of OCuban staples o an extraordinary figure, our increased resources and industry count for nothing. On the other hand, whilo our geographical position, our agricultural richness, and our industries would enablo us to supply Cuba with meats, butter, cheeso, breadstulls, agri- culturnl imploments, and manufactures of many kinds, wo are forced to wond almost the entiro products of our gold mines to pay the difference against us. Wo owe it to our- selves to provide some protection againat this outrageous diserimination; and, if Spain had the power to subject insurractions at home ond in her provinees, she would feel no no- cessity for rosorting io so disroputablo a pol- icy. The simple question ig, how long the Spanish Govornment shall continue to dem- onstrato its inability and impotoney before tho world shall insist upon tho ackuowledg- ment of it. THE IOWA BISHOPRIC, * The Episcopalinug of Iowna are having a linrd timo in gotting d Bishop, There isno diffoulty in olacting one, but, when eleeted, thay deeline {o sorve and promptly send in their declinations. Three prominent clergy- men have already declined, First camo Evsenaser Norr Porren, President of Union Colloge, who declined before the election® His brother, Huxey O, Porree, Rector of Graco Church, Now York, next followed suit, and now comos Winzrax R, HunriNeToN, of Woraoster, Mnss,, and hands in his resigna- tion also. The matter of resignation having ‘Decome n fashion in tho Church, and, having Deon set by such prominent leaders, wo pro- sumo it will be followed very generally by Episcopalian clorgymen who have their eyes upon a Bishoprie, but not upon tho Iowa Bishoprie, Itis probably the drenm of every Episco- palinn clergyman that some dny he may woar tho lnwn and carry the crosier, ond itis a laudable ambition and erowning glory for any worler in the vineynrd of the Lord. There must, therefore, bo somo special reason why the Towa Bishoprio is so promptly deelined by every ono who ig eleoted. Tho rensons which they allege aro perhaps true, as far ag they go, but thoy do not cover the.whole onse, and, from the prinful elaboration with which they nre presonted, show that thera is some other canse for their declinations which they do not like to mention, but which is af the samo timo very potent and convincing. This cause will undoubtedly be found in the mengro compensation attached to the office, We understand that tho salary of the Bishop of the Diocese of Jowa isbut $2,600! Inthe lotter to Mr, HunTiNaToN, the Committee of the Iate Diocesan Convention lay great stress upon the fact that the invitation expresses, first, the voico of God, and, secondly, the unanimous voice of the Church of Iowa, and thoy add: ‘Wa pray that na fear of man or of the solomn burdens wihfch thfs sacrod oftice must entadl will deter you {rom comiig amon; us »a our Biskop, Your ivido Masler ‘Wil give you grace und strengthi’ to bear thei, and wo can assuro you tht both {he clergy aud Jaity wil re- ceive you Into thelr hoarts and make abundunt provis- fon for yovr support, co-operating with you in every measurd for the upbuildiug of the Clurch of God within tho Hmite of sour jurisdiction, Notwithstanding this solemn appeal and fervont promise, there are severnl repsons ‘{ why the Bishopric of Town must fail to bo atiractive to a first-class man at $2,G00 per anuum. The voice of God can appertain ouly to spiritual concerns, to the prenching of God's.word and tho doing of God's work in an Dbonest and fearless way. In thisre- speet, the spiritual concerns of New York and Massrchusetts aro just as important ns thoso of Towa, nud the opportunities for preaching and doing God's word nnd work just as numerous, ‘I'he voice of the Church apper- tains to material and worldly affairs. God appoints the work to be done, and the Church must provide tho means and manner for doing it. In this respect, the work must inevitably ba cut out with some roference to political economy, aud a very slight study of that seienco will show that n first-class man can- not, ought not, and will not do it for $2,500. "Tke voice of tho Church, therefore, does not socond the voice of God. Tho voice of the Church should have been just twice as loud, and, if ifs lupgs wore strong, theve would Thiave beon no harm in even a lusticr halloa, Times have changed sinco the days when those who took up their crosses left father and mother and family, sold their possessions and gave the proceeds to the poor, and went forth without purse or scrip, taking no heed as to how they wero to get their dinner to. morrow, or wherewithal their wives and children wero to be fed and clothed, Bishops no longer wear leathorn girdles, feed on locusts and wild honey, and cry out in the wilderness, for tho way was long ago cleared, and those who now travel it ought not to bo reduced to tho mnecessities of tho birds of the nir and the foxes of the fleld. = A man who would leave his father and mothor and family in theso days would be linble to n chargo of ingratitude, if not of crnolty. Ho must oleave to them, and cloav- ing to them is costly. Brond and butter, fuel, sholter, doctors’ bills, taxes, and the general clemonts of existence, cost mounoy, and grent donl of it, and not oven a Bishop is oxenpt from his L O, U.'s. Agnin, it i ox- pecting altogethor too much to assumo that a clergyman is going to leave his old frionds, o comfortablo home, a good salary, and all his comforts, priviloges, and innocont plensures which ho has accunmlated through yenrs of Inbor, and go out mmong strangers to begin anow at a reduction of selary, with a possibility that he may not snit the ohurek or tho locality whore ho goes, 'Phero is an. other point which Jown Episcopalinus should cousider, namely, that with a $2,600 salary they enn only sceuro n $2,500 man. Men of eduention and talent hiave had to prooure that education and cultivate that talent at great expensy, and their sorvices .are thorefore worth more, Bldlled Jabor in tho pulpit is ratod like skilled Inbor in overy other depart. ment of life, It mny be possible that the Towa Episcopnlinns will hit upon some clorgy- man endowed with nbundant wealth who will bo willing to serve for honor aud title and not for groonbacks and subsistence, But this is o contingency almost ay remoto ag tho digoovery of tho lost Plolad, Whon thoy offar & tian what ho fa worthi or can Hye ups on, thoy will ensily onongh fill tho vacant chalr, Lot thom attach 5,000 to the noxt *enll™ and gea if ho don’t come, THE DAY AFTER OHRISTMAS, The world hay had its holidny and hins gono brok to work. Let ua trust it is a botter, wisor, kindlier world for its spoll of merri- ment. Snint and sinner, the orthodox and tho herotic, can aliko honrtily rojoico that Chirist was born, whether they regard Him ns he Savior of the world from eternal woo or from oternnl work, At lenst His coming hos givon us a breathing-spell, in which wo may mnke merry in thosedats Anglo-Saxon fashion, mny open our henrts totho good and the joyous, may prepare the stock of resolutions wo mean to brenk during tho noxt twelvo- month, nod may forget the caves and the wor- rion of tho workaday time, Now this is past, It is the day after Christmas,” Thero is al- ways something funercal in tho dny nfter n fonst, 'Wo.dsy thero avo nbout the houso fragments of tinsel sud bite of drooping holly, aud a Ingubrions treo shorn of its yesterdny plories and dismal o5 the Ohristmps Z'ennendbaum, which TIaxs CunisTiaN AnpEnseN has mado famous. The housewifely oye is awnve of spots on the car- pot and torn curtains, and the Lousowifely heart sinks at the thought of gotting ready for Now Yenr's. ‘Tho children, having made a square menl of turkey, goose, oysters, mince-pie, plum-putting, nuts, raisins, candy, nnd an nssortment of other viands, hiave now awaked to o painful seuso that the ** square meal ” has very sharp corners, and has ap- parently inserted one such corner into every square inch of their digestivo orgaus. The young minds shudder at the thought of tho coming doctor. This weel, from Dec. 25 toJau. 1, isthe physicinn's golden harvest-time. ‘The dinners of Christ- mastido are bis allics, His henrt swells as he thinks how his pocketbook will soon follow suit. Ho lays in o mighty stock of pills and powders the day before Christmas, nud goes to bed early Christmas night in order to bo }fresh for sixteon hours' worl tho next day— to-day. Whilo mother and childron aro suf- fering together at home, paterfamiling is at work. His thoughts of yosterday's joy are tempored by twinges of headache and by re- flections on the mighty multitude of Dbills which will make New Year's calls upon him, Have wo had a merry Christmas? Wo liave probably all caten too much, Most of the men have smoked too much, Bome of them have applied too many hot and rebell- jous liquors to their blood, and have been quite overcomo by the rebellion aforesaid. A good many of us have spent more money than we could well afford theso hard, close times, Most of us have worked pretty hard inorder to enjoy ourselves. We got o Loli- diy so reldom that yve don'’t know how to use it whon it comes, Somo lucldess ones have not oven had the holiday, for there aro avoea- tions which resemble TrnnysoN's brook in going on forever, but which, unlike that, keep men coming and going forever, too, The horsc-cars and omnibuses must run; tho theatres must be open; and—alack- adny |I—the grent papers must tell the world on the morning of the day after Christinns as on every other morning what the world has been doing for the twenty-four hours before. The journalists extend the right hand of sympathy to the 'bus-drivers and the actors, and railroad conductors, engi- neers, and brakemen. If the ghost of yesterday's merriment hounts us somowhat drenvily to-day, it will neverthcless vanish, like Katie King snd other spooks, befors the cleor light of to- morrow. Then the headaches will be over ; most of the stomachs will have ceased from troubling; and the weary will have had some rest. We shall wake snd think % Thenk God, tho next holiday does not comeo for o week.,” And then wo shall re- member what a good time we had Christmas, when the family.civele was full, not only at tho thentre but at home ; when we had timo to get acquainted with our wives and our Dbabies; when we gathered around the Christ- mns fire and developed ourimaginative powers by transforming the close stove or cheerless registor into the traditional open fire-place of England in which the yule log blazes and crackles ; when we ato our Christmas dinner with laughter and jest and heartful merri- ment; when the Obristmas tree showered down its gifts ; when lovers of the *good old times " ventured on daring reproductions of the Christmns masques which live in Invina's poges if they do not in English lhomes; and when there was at lenst an approximation to universal perce on earth and good will among men, Jaco olim meminesse juvabit, If the dny after Christmns must consist of twenty- four rather mournful hours, eras credamus/ GOVERNMENT INSURANCE. The Philadelphin New Age, perhops o Aubious authiority, says that Congress is to bo nsked to put the country into the insur- ance business. A bill for the federnlization of insurance has been prepared sud is, so the _Age says, to bo vigorously pushed. Its main provisions are said to bo as follows: Section 1 creatos o Bureau of Insurance in tho Tronsury Department, undor the immediate control of n Commissioner of Insurance, who is to be appointed by tho President and Sen- ate, get $5,000 a year, give bonds in $50,000, and have no insurance interests of lis own. Sce. & compels oll insuranco companics to filo statements of their business with tie Commissioner and deposit $50,000 in United States bonds with him at the beginning and §60,000 more for each half-million of gross nssots, Sco. 6 authorizes the Commis. sioner, when theso conditions iave been per- formed, to grant a certificato which will allow tho company to do business anywhere in tho Union, will reliove it from the necessity of making any deposits with the State authori- ties, and will free it from all State taxation Leyond 1 per cont per gunum on premiums. "Theso are the main features, It will bo seon that tho bill, if it bocamo a law, would ruth- ossly abrogate o grent numbor of Stato enaotments, wonld cut off n good part of the rovenues of some States, and would forco the companies to withdraw a large part of their funds from their presont iuvestments and put them into United States bonds, Tho lifo and firo risks underwritten in the United States mnount o §8,000,000,000, or four times the National debt, Tho securitios for theso risks cover almost overy sort of invest- ment, The proposed bill would forco the companies to withdraw, in very mapy cascs nt o grent sacritieo, from these invcstmquts, and would put & temporary artificinl vahio on Government bonds, DBut has Congress tho constitutional right to pass such s law? ‘What provision of the Constitution author. izos it ? ———— Tho proposal to leave the sclection of auccossor to Judge Ilows to the Barof tho Tastern Wisconsin District is snid to e fa- vornbly cousidered by the Prosident. Tor- haps in no other way oould au appointment bae sunde which could give more watlsfaction to thoso principally concorned. But the ytun liag its bad fontures, vne of which fu thay other qualilications than learning and integ~ rity are apt to bo the main considerations to control tho choice. Moro personal popuinri- ty hias olovated many n man to the Bench be- fora this, 'I'ho Louisinna Roeturning Bonrd has fssnod an explanntory statement, or proclamation, which is intonded to justify its delnys in mnlke ing tho offtcinl returns, and to dony the charges of discriminations ngainst the Domo- erats, The first purpose is answered very well. There is no sort of doubt that tho oloction wns very looscly conducted ; that some of tho judges were incompetont and mnny olbers dishonest; that the legal formalities were more often than not vie- lated in important particulars, On tho whole, tho Bonrd has done remnarkably well in concluding its business within two months of the election. The charge of discriminn. tion, howaver, is not refuted. The Board ronlly confesses to Laving rejected many re- turns on suspicion of fraud or intimidation, ‘The differenco between this practice and that which provails at the North is well shown in tho caso of the Fanwrur-LeMovns contest, Mwhich resulted in the return of Fanween by n Board composed entirely of his political opponents, some of whom pro- fessed to beliove that the election way fraudn- Ient. Tho Louisiana Returning Bonrd, it must bo admitted, is justified by the laws of the State. Ita course has been strictly legal throughout. Wa have never pretended that it was nuything else, Our quarrel has been with the laws which conferred upon the Board powers so unusunl and dangerons, A gratifying senso of escape from immi. nent danger will talio posscssion of society in Chicago, i it sholl prove to be true that Gen. Suermax has been ordered to the com- mand at New Orlenus, and hos begged off from the service. There reslly is a great fleld of uscfulness here for Gen, Suenipax, and he is improving it pretty well, 'flie field is the field of gallantry, aud the service is he- roic dovotion to the lofty ethics of the ball. room. It can bo said seriously that the Gen- eral lins so conducted himself Juring his ros. idence hero as to earn public respect and ese teem, The people of Chicago aro quite as unwilling to part from liim s ho from thom. Mr. Pincnsack bas privately informed the Senate Commitieo on Privileges and Elec. tions that Lo will resign hig seat if he is only once permitted to take it. Of courso the ob- jective point of his endeavors is the back-pay ond milengo of a Senator for two years, amounting to something like $18,000. Tho proposition is impudent enough. 1t is ensy to seo’ thnt tho Cheap Transportation lobby would invite Mr. Prncunaok to their banquets if he were a recognized Senator, The system of appraisement at Chicago is correct. A .specinl agent, dotailed by the Treasury Department to examine it, has so reported. The jenlousy of New York import- ors on nccount of tho encronchments of Chi- cengo morchants is said to be the reason of the trouble, It was oily a whina from New York —somothing to which Chicago peopls are bu- coming protty well accustomed. Mr. 8. B. Copn says that the statement in the interview with him published in yester- day's TrinuNE, that ho had not been closeted with Ald, Caxrpern “any length of time,”. was too vague, He says he never was closot~ ed with Ald. Cameprry three hours or auy. thing like that length of timne. The gentleman in Indicnapolis who sued his mother-inlaw for dnmnges, caused by tho alionntion of his wife's sffections, has been awarded 8600, That is rating the wife's af- fectious, or tho mother-in-law’s influenceovar them, at a low figure. A CORRESFONDENT ANSWERED, T the Editor of The Chicago Tribune: St Your explxnation of tho point made by me & & provions artlele, namely: +*the Impracticablity, upion suy princdple of justice, of sunulling the logs tender fuaturo of tho greenback so long s it i3 in clre culation,” does nat, it semsto me, mest tha case for, waiving s disoussion of tho question 1a o the pover of Congress, countitutionally, {0 make its notea s legal tender Quriug tho War, &nd tho stlll more extraor~ diuary right of keopng them sa such ton yoaru nfter Hho War kizs beou closed,—we muat moet this question fluauclally, an wo find 1t'practicslly in operation niow— tho greendack still o logal tender, so regirded, and 50 used, “Tho Legal-Tender act 1410 queation of atatu~ tory law vicrety, Iudecd, the act tgelf, in its operation, weit far beyond any ordinury eussctmont of recor worely,—tlia opplication and ~ effect of whith wonld ' ceane with its ropeal,—but resnitod in tho oxerclie of tha high prorogative of em= Lodyfug fluelf fnto the form of money, furnishis e with o substiinto for gold and sitver, whic {the noter) tho noopla have' uscd, and tiold' now 83 moucy, without reforonce to tho law that autherized thie Govorutnent to furnfel ft, Tho faith of the Gov- erument. remuing pledged Sor it poyment with e legul touder featuro in full force, aa nominatod 1 tho bond—und uulcss s written contract, in tho hands of & third_piarty, cun bo sot aside, I uco o way by repeal, or otherwlse, to anuul the legul-tendor feattire of the greonbuck, Tt {4 Lruo, ay you wag, 10 ouo cat campil 1o 10 sell my property for grosnbicks, and [ witl udd, for gold ovent ; but oneo kold, 1 cannot now forco tho wurclinsor 10 pay suything butter (hau greenbacks, ut- ess otherwise stipuluted ub time of waking ssle, In regard to tho power of Congress to passun act thet grocubacks shall 1ot be u Jogal fender ou_future can~ tracts, 1t would scem o pilpsblo violation of tho pledgy of tho Govermnent, that {ho greeubuck shall be good in puyment of all indobtedncar, with tho,oxceptions spocilled, ASPACIR STANDAKD, ANSWER, Our correspondent insiuts that Congross can- not without brench of faith to tha public cradit- ars rapeal tho Legal-Tender aot as respects debts and coutracta eutered into aftor & future day! 1lis argumont i that tho note onco mado & logal tondor ronst rotain that charactor forover, aad for Congross to declare that aftor 1879 nothing ghatl bo a legnl tonder in paymont of dobts cou- tractod after that dato, is an set of vjustics ta 1l holders of thonotes. This argumont proves toomueh, If truo, then it would bo {mpossiblo for thie Goverumant over to got rid of the logal- toudor notes, which must of nocessity remain until mon cease to buy sud Bell and to contruck dobts. All of which is mauifestly absurd. Dy nropeal of the logal-tender charactor of tha tiotos in o)l transuotions after a day nawmed in tho future, Congress would in no wise impar any legal ar equitablo interest or right of sny person. 1t would rofor oxclusivoly to dobts to Lo coutracted in the fulure, which men may or wmuy uot coutract, a4 thoy please. Tt would rofer to no matter now in existeuce; wonld simply deolaro that in the payment of any debt ereated after o day namad gold aud silvor slono would bo a legal tendor, Balos and purchoges that have never been made—acts that remain to ba trangncted at sanio future poriod subsoquent to the paseing of the faw making cofu thoonly logal tonder—can hnpalr 1 coutract or obligation, bocaueo thoy do not ex- ist. Noman hns scquired vosted rights futhe terma of o contract or ealoof property, which coutract or sale has not boon made orovou thought of by tho partios who Juay atsome fu- ture timo come togother and effect it. 1n roponling the Legal-Tenderact in all tranAno- tions botwoon lndividunly, thoro would necorss- ¥ily bo provision made for the raceipt by the Clov: orument of thees notes in paymont of publis ducs. The ropenl of tho Logal-Tender act dovs nat fnclude ropudiation by tho Government, Dy tho way, when tho grooubacks were frat suthorizod to balssied, tho holder had the option to couvert them Iuto 6-20 bondu. It was a breuch of good faith to take awsy that right of the note- boldor, sud it Laa done iniluite mischlel. It waw the worst fnanalal blunder Savretary Chiawo evor committed, It gaused the greanbaoke