Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 29, 1874, Page 9

kil i . - ! 1 i Resal 5 vernment was in no position bm;gj‘;icefion with time. hn l:\'ns o < ose of its bonds at the best M;“w"fi";mmm nder all the de- +og influences of acivil war, there was 5 Ewhm she secarity we had to offer i T commnnded from 80 to 90 ‘m]dm:_he dollar in the English markets. 50 L8 sk capitalits could havo made it T st would have paid them “to 714 PET cent with absolute se- ol 1t was Sampsou’s articles and Samp- @i oo the London Times thatsup- - 5l the advantageous features of this %, pent, and depressed our bonds down . g0, 50, and even 45 cents on the 06 O ractical Tesult of these forced 5.t our pational debt is now from s to £400,000,000 more than it S e becn if_our securitics had been vl § what they were then fairly worth; and o e really poing from 8 to 10 per o sgterest on 8 large part of our bonds ot n;!v profess to bear 6 per cent interest. s reprosests the loss the American 5 PP ade. But tho English wero qfia-'fheavy losers under Sampson’s mis- Bl s, The capitalists of Greal Ffl{fmm\-a been for several years anxious 52 ar 6 per cent bonds at from 105 to bt ia basis, and 100 {o 101 for 5 per O catisfied with the secarity and i B tho lower iuterest which this antet S preminm brings them. Capi- it 878 TO% investing at this rate who were oblened off from Duying at SO cents and :l;lmw. Sampson terrified them to such extent that they feored, at last, to buy at B e The result is that the Brilich ‘f{ s mada & loss which may likewise be &ty the Lundreds of millions,—snd all yeount of this terrible fellow * Samp- o = ho is well named when measured by e smount of mischief he did A Toe grent doctrine of retributive justice 1 been verified in Sampson’s ease. He was ~atlong since forced to retire from the Zimes ers cloud. and the loss of 1is power fol- s the loss of bis place. Tt is said that he - ywddven out in disgrace. It was discov- e thst his wonderfal *“accuracy ” hed been iy turned to his own advantage. _He hed 4o cagaged in bulling and bearing the pxiets, ond thereby amassed ~ fortune. He pepregard this as & compensetion for the in- s e ks done both England £nd America; H‘ fellow-countrymen cvidently enter- tsin & diferent idea of it, since Sampson Javes bis native country to spend the foitune tebwesoquired. It is some gratification to remember, however, that, while the man who sttempted to break down the American credit fsin disgrace, the American credit is to-day szong the best in the world. Ours is the odls mstion in the world that has fixed & Souite period for the redemption of its se- cudties; snd it has even anticipated this Timit, es we axe redeeming the bonds before tl.ey ava due. CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS. A MISTORY OF THE CHARACTER AND ACHIEVE- WENTS OF THE SO-CALLED CHRISTOPHER COLTABLS, By Aamos GoopmicE. With numer- ous Tastrations #nd an Appendix, 8vo., pp. 403. Xew York: D, Appleton & Co. Tre world, which has for conturies beea - tained to regard Chistopher Columbus &8 one of i grandast heroes: to admire bis brave, origin- ¢, 10d daring genius ; to reverence his piety, pieuce, sod coursge; and to pity bis uu- pefiad trisls, sorrows, and reverses, isnow alld pon by an andscions and bitherto ua- Esown agthor to uproot and cast out every rudi- pestof its faith in the name,—the goodness, fiecapacity, sud the achieverents of the hon- cel aod vemerated discoverer of America. D very soggestion of soch a demund g ome 8 shock of & sorious and isrsssing character. It is liko requiring one tmsign hus religion, his belief in the stability dthe universe, his trust in the existence of tah A man's whole nature rebels against such nusult upon one of his most cherished, b, and settled opinions. It threatens de- trtion to the eatire framework of his faith, wdomises to bring crashing in ruins sbout tatis round citcle of heroos snd divinities 4= it has been his comfort and support to ind reverence. If we may no longer be- Imin Christopher Columbus, pray whom may wentinno to believe in? Eurevolting to be mads the sport of ignorant i mseropulous historisne, and the dupe of weom eredulity. As we read this surprising eraaition of the lifo of a reputed worihy, which mamdicts all previous testimony, and wmpletely upsets all our old idess, wa we plusd in s very unpleasant position ol ekeptsiem, The old faith is rudely shahen, w4 thenew tith is DOt strong enough to stend upright, Wehsve not opportunity to go to the boitom of the matter, and examine theevidences ofthe trae character and career of Columbus, t5tacy lie seattered awid the musty tomes and Lumkripte in the archives of Spain, and Purugal, and Italy. We must take them at vwod hand, and remain at the mercy of the viters who have made it & busioess to hunt Lo ont, sxd who interpret them according to Ealisht posseesed, and the direction of preju- orprepossession. In any case, whether or BRwe give crodit to Mr. Goodrich as & thorough #dable compiler and manipulator of fects, he tuderlta blow to our confidence in Columbus I which it will mever rocover. ¥, Goodrich states, in his appendix, that he Bibem for seven yesrs sccumulating, in the fwhnu snd reposicories of State records in lalem Eorope, the materials for this new talog of the history of Columbus. There is oy in its composition of original resesrch; Slters ig 5 display of some fresh matter, Vith, with an altered trenslation of much of £ evidenco herstofore presented, affords the sflwxwmumme ground on which to rest his “Tlient. Yet there is a lack of method and of +Diathe management of tho details, and there *tTiolent partisan epirit manifest in the enun- %, which operate strongly sgainst the suc- ®2of the writer. 4T book i, i the firet place, too bulkr,— (mieuts” being gwelled with discassions 4 Lt L0 the main issme. The muthor 5 Mempted to bring two questions b ‘same debate which have no con- &% Tiz: the hisiory of Columbus Tyt cirilization of snciont nations. fl":fl? topic has fio footing in & work oston- i Yoted to the first. Alr. Goodrich hes m;“m forit merely that he might erect & zlmflnw in order to knock him down again. Py that the present sge does mot give dus oot the ancients for their advanced knowl- oy toarts and sciences ; snd attempts to . Tght by peiofly, buv mot very esgely, the architectural achievements, the 3 ,,'“"’h 1{ islotn;_:h,v. navigation, and learning, vy lost nations. The eixty-eight pages ity with this matter had better have been s L. Thero is, contrary to Mr. Goodrich's X uh"”! 8 pronounced tendency among cur- ‘mm" to magmfy the intelligence and & tis of the, Pagan races of antiquity, ¥ ufl‘penn qutha Christian enlighton- S be existing century. And, .if it 28 ooy %0, his wesk and inoppor- gy in defonso of soclent civilization Nigg oo ¥y liilo, Fis necount of the use ; h@ul 2od the compess among antique Ry g Pertinent, but in liable to the com- ftowg wkward sdfustment to the paramount ,n' Letual bography of Columbus is properly gy "8 8 wkoich of the Northmen in i k““‘-‘thn m.flll'.nn of the discoveries of Prince ® Welda novigator of the twelfth oens jted jesl e tury—and of the Zeni brothers of Venice; sud a short record of tha great contemporaries of Columbus who ventured across the Auantic Sea 1n search of unknown countries and their possi- ble trensures. The novel version of the story of Columbns himself. which is given at lougth, and fa.m(?‘ed at overy point, as strongly as may be, with ingenious and impassioned reasoning, is 28 follows : The birth-place of the ** go-called Christopher Columbus,” his namo, and his early history, are enveloped in impenetrsble obscurity. 1t is probable that bis true cognomen was Griego, and his prenomen Nicolo. Nothing with regord to tle time or locality of his birth can be defi- nitely aecertained; but there is conclusive evi- dence that be was the youngest of three broth- era who followed the pureuit of buccaneera on the Mcditerrancan. The first authentic mention of him is found in certain papers in the archives of Venice, which relats the capture of four Venetian morchant-ships, the slaughter of their crows, and the pillaging of their contents, by EiZ or seven pirate ships commanded by **Nicolo Griego, who is called Columbus Junior.”” This event o(fclx.ned Aug. 21, 1485; and the hero of the affair 1 supposed to have been, at the time, about 50 years of age. It is tolerably well established that, during his piratical career, he made a journey to Thule, or Iceland, avd, while there, learned of the discovery of the Western Continent by the Northmen. As this may be, soon after the capture of tho Venetian merchantmen, Columbus was wrecked oa the coast of Portugal, and, receiving succor, ‘was enabled to mako Lis wayto Lisbon. He there married Dona Felipa Muniz de Perestiela, and retired, with tho lady, to a lo property she possessed in the Islend of Madeira. While living there, in & houss on tho sea-shore, a ves- sel went to pieces in his vicinity, and the five mariners who were saved took refuge under his roof. The stranded sailors had been engaged in traffic betweeen Spain =nd the Canaries; but, encountering on this fatal voyage = violent tem- pest, theix vessel was driven westward for many deys, until it touched the shores of America. On their route homeward, tho sufferings of the crew from lack of provisions wers extrewns, in- ducing eickness from which all perished, except the five who survived to be cast ashore 2t the ieet of Columbus. Their endurance, however, had been taxed too severcly, and. although they wero liospitzoly treated, they died in his Louse, after confiding to him » full account of their en- forced voyage westward, and the important dis- covery that resulted. In possession of this certain knowledgeof a con- tinent on the hither side of the Atlantic, Colum- bus applied to the King of Fortugal for assist~ {ance and anthority to proceed in search of it. But his evil charscter was £0 notorious that no confidence could bo put in his reproscniations, and his terms were £0 oxorbitant that the King refused to entertain them. He eant his brother to present his case at ihe English Court, while he passed into Sgain, in 1487, to importuno Queen Isabells. ‘He finally obtained from ber a requisition upon the Municipality of Palos for two caravels, of from 30 to 60 tons burden ; and the brothers Pinzon, wealthy and liberal citizens of tho town, voluxtarily fitted bim out with s third. The great adventurer hed not him- self a farthing in the world. The threo vessels set sail from the port of Palos, Aug. 8, 1492,—one the St. Mary, under ihe command of Columbus, and tho other two the Pinta und the Nins, under the Ubrothers Martin Alonzo and Vincont Yanez Pinzon. After passing the Canaries, Columbus lost beart and wished to abandon tho expedition ; but Martin Alonzo, by alternate encouragement and ridicule, persusded him to continue. He was then resolved to pursue a northwest coarse, —declering that, when they had sailed 750 leagues, land would be reached. After a time he was induced:to listen again to the wiser counsel of tho elder Pinzoo, a courageous and efficient sailor, znd turn Lis ship's prow in the right direction. His own log-buok ehows that the Pinta and the Nina were in advance of the St. Mary throughout the voyage ; and, when the shore of Ban Balvador was sighted, on the morning of Oct. 12, the Pinta led the other two vesgels by a couple of leagues. A eailor on board the Pinta, named Rederigo do Triapa, was the first to view the land; aod & gun was firodat 2 o'clock 1n the morning to announce the fact to tbe ships in the rear. Columbus afterwards claimed tho reward of discoverr,—30 crowns o year, promised by Queen Isabells,—aseerting that he had seen o light eshore on the evening of the 11ih, although the St. Mary then stood 50 miles off from the coast! "Lhrough sheer incapacity, = Columbus, who was o carelees sailor, and grossly ignorant of the art of nawigation, lost his veesel in a dead calm, on the 24th of December, and was obliged to return home on the Kina. On sarriving in Spain, be basely charged Alonzo Pinzon, to whom he owed- the success of his enterpriee, and even the means for undertaking it, of insub- ordination ; and the proud heart of the wronged man broke under the ungrateful sccusation. Through false represcntations of the wealth of the land he had discovered(!), which Columbus = persisted in calling Iadis, he was eosbled to set out, on a eccond voyage, in 1493, at tho head of a ficct of soventeen veseels, well freighted with neces- saries for colonization, and containmg 1,500 Spaniards of all ranks, eager to visit the pow ElDorado and realizo the fortunes with which Lie had sllared them. The disappointment of the Spanish pioneers on reaching sn uncivilized and uocultivated country, which had little wealth to offer save what could be won from a virgin soi, bistory has already recorded. For six years Columbus governed the colony established in Hispaniola, or Hayti, with despotic authority, subjecting it and the docile natives of the island to inde- scribable outrages. In 1499, their wrongs bav- ing becomeno longer tolerable, & parcy of tho colonists returned to Spain to acqusaint Iesbella with the atrocities perpatrated in her name by Columbus. As aresult, the Queen dispatched Francesco de Bobadila to inquire into his practices, and relieve him, if nced be, of his commsnd. He refused to eubmit to De Bobadilla, who was finally compelled to put the contumacious Admiral in chains, and send him to Spain for trial. He mnever recovered his lost dignity or the confidence of Issbells; yet waa euffered to make another voyage of diacov- ery, under narrow restrictions. This final expedi- tion was conducted with signal insbility, and was productive only of disaster. It was con- cluded in November, 1504, and was followed by the death of Columbus, at Valladolid, in May, 1506. Ho oxpired in poverty and obscurity, and no tomb or inecription, to this dey, marks the place of his sepulture, or inany epotin Spain perpetustes his memory. His biography was origioally written by his oldest, illegitimate son, Ferdinsnd ; and this tissue of faisehoods bas been the source from which gll subsequent writers have drawn the incidents of his history. In a lawsuit institnted by tho heirs of Columbus against the Spanish Crown, for the continuance of the revenues aud titles accorded to the Admiral by Queen Isabells, many facts most dsmagiog to his character were devetoped, which Lave becn hitherto suppressed. The proof of them still exiats in tho archives of Rpain, to which Mr. Goodrich has had access. Buch, in a word, 18 the story which our suthor relates of the renowned Columbus. It is filled with incidents cnd afimations which blacken his reputation and make his name a reproach. It is for the reader to decide, after a careful examina- tion of the data recorded sircumstantislly in the volume, whether he will still revers the memory of o time-honored man, or givait over to infamy and contempt. r. Horatio M. Case, in the last numberof the Interior, rords a lesson in propriety to the daily newspapers, evidently having the Chicago Times inview. Mr. Cae goes on in comsidersble de- tail to deseribe what he considers impropriety in publishing a daily newspaper, atill baving the Ohicago Times in viow, as he describes the con- tenta of that papsr vory sccurately. He truats that ministers and thelr congregations will be shielded from attack. He condemus the practico which is 80 common in the Témes of **Ewoeping up from every dirty corner in the land whatover villainy reportorial brooms can gather. and, after simmering the dovil’s mess, and adding copious- Iy ingredients of their' own maoufacture, aod seasoning with the ‘spice’ of the ‘popular’ daily prees writer, serving it, steaming hot, to the public.” Then he charges the cooks of this mess with liking it themselves, with being slert in discovering moral offul, and with using baw- dy rhetoric,” as they do on the Times. Thenhe goes on to describo the patrons of this kind of reading, and closes with the following statement of his wants : We want your olean, wholesome, honest newe, but we do not himnger and thirst for cheap descriptions of Tapes, abortions, seductions, divorces, brothel-riots, policc—court reports, and whatever abomination you can flsh out of reeking soctal newers. But, we would liko to ask of this writer and of these numerons protesters like him, how do you kmow that the Chicago Zimes contains all thi improprioty unless you take and read it? You could not have described it 8o accurately uuless you were one of its patrons. If. there- fore, you continue to patronize the paper which contains this kind of stuff and sbuses the ministers and their congregations so fro- quently, wherein are the respectable news- papers v ficd their reward? If your patronago is given to -tho Times, and it must be, since vou have described it oxactly, does it not imply that you find the “respectable newspapera” heavyand dull becauso of the omission of dirty sensational stuff? If you read the respectable papers you would not be troubled with the impropriefics of such papers as the Times. Our advice, therefore, to 3r. Csse, and to all similarly situatod, isto stop taking the Times, and then they won't know auy of theso areadful things. If they are opposed to “reportorial villniny,” * bawdy rhetorie,” ete., they shonld not encoursge it by taking a paper whichis guilty of such things. JOHN STUART RPIILL'S LAST WORD. Tt cannot be gaid of Mr. Mill that he died and gave po sign. Nono of his writings publishied during his life-time swakenod 5o Wide-spread interost as tho two books published since lis death. His Autobiography, published avout s vear ago, was tho book of tho season. Aud it ‘was a delinestor of so remarkable & development —and, 18 some may think, arrested development —of montal and spiritual culture, 88 to insuro for the book a permanent place in our literature. But anothor volume has just now made its ap- pearance, and is being read and commentod upon with uncommon esgerncss. It treats of the highest themes that cogage human thought. This is done 1n three essays, on ** Nature,” ** Tho Utility of Religion,” and ** Theism.” Mr. Gladsione once spoke of Mr. Mill as * the conscience of the Bouse of Commons.” In his Autobiography, 2 singularly-sincero book, he saye of limself that ho nevoer changed his relig- ious beliet, for ho ever possessed any. That he had no positive religious beliefs, ho toolk some paine, during bis life, to conceal from the ~encral public,—leaving t for his Autobiography aud these pusthumous Essays to tell the story. The former book showed him to be a thor- ough-guing skeptic, denying every doc- trine of Chnstiapity; but this one pre- sents him as bhovering about the ragged edge of absolute Athowsm, and shivering over the awfal decision whether or not to plungo into the abyss of absolute Pessimism. Nature scemed to him, at times at lesst, only an'infinitely huge. blind, Lieartless, blundering Power, displaying no moral design whatever, and absolutoly reck- less in its operations,—as likely, in somo freak. to desiroy tho acoumulations of centuries of noble etrivings, 25 to crush the frivolities of an idle hour. Hodoes not disguise his bitierness and 1ndignation in view of “such a clumsily- constructed and capriciously-governed creation as this planet and its inhabitants.” Ho perceives no bemguity in it. How, by the way, it ever eamo to produce so perfect a being as that raro flower of humanity, hus wife,—wbosememory. he confesses, bocame to him a *‘religion,"—he does ot stop to explain. But, if he did, probably tha “ froak " wbout that would have appeared to him to bo ber untimeiy taking-off, just when ho poeded and craved her companionship most. That the dark mysteries of tho universe maybave a silver lining, hedoesnot, indeed, deny ; neither dares he ofirm it. He scarcely dared to guess that it might be so. The operations of Nature seemed so essentially fataiistic, and re- gardless of what might be called moral consid- erations, a8 to offord hardly soy proof that the Maiier of tho universe couid be a moral being. But, it ehould be stated, his mood was not al- +ways the same. And Alr. Mill, with o trausparent honeaty, unsurpasecd by that of either August- ine's or Bunyan's *‘confossfons,” nag portrayed the opposite workings of his mind. And there is -nothing more profoundly significant in this . most pathetic book, particularly the last essay in it, written latest, in 1870, than the sdmissions which he makes. The exzistenco of a God, zud of man's immortality, is declarod to boat least a ** possibility.” Thatany * mode of organization baa the power of pro- duciog fecling or thought, science, he says, hus no power to prove. Ho sdmits that there is & “very slow and often almost nsensible progress by which good ia gradually gaining ground from evil, et gaining it 5o visibly ot conmderable inter- wals u8to promiae a very disiant but notuncertain final victory of Good.” If we suppose that there ia 8 God, then, he allows, it is rational to be- lieve that He might give & rovelation of His will. Nor, in that case, would oven miracles be beyond possible proof. Ho declares explicitly that a miracle is altogethor ‘possible,—1f wo admit 3 God. Ho ns frankly coufesses that man's ifesorely Dpeeds *the widor range and greator height of inspiration,” which the roligious ideas, if only true, would furnish. Though Le denies their cortainty, it is good, he thinks, to cherish fondly the possibilities that they may yet prove real. His philosopby never allows him to transcond o « porhaps,”—which is the ono word that, more than any otber, expresses the sttitude of his mind on all taeso obstinate quostionings,—yet ho clings tenacioualy to that. But tho most interesting and decply-significant of all bis admissions are thoso which relate to the character of Chrst. The involuntary bo- mage which he pays to Him as tho Supromo Horal Man of our race, goes far, 1t msay be, to- ward explaining tho reasoning in Mr. Mill's char- acter for the memorable compliment which Glad- stone peid bim. He speaks of Cbrist as a “upique figure, not more unlike all His precur- sors than all his followors,—even those who had the direct benefit of His personal teaching.” He treats with some impatience the notion that the Chnst of the Gospels is not historical. For who, of the men of His time, he asks, was *'ca- pabloof inventing thesayings ascribed to Jesus, or of imagining the life and character rovezled in the Gospels”? He also spexks of Him =& ++the idenl representative and guide of human- ity "'; and declarcs that it would not ** even now be easy, even for an unbeliever, to find o better tranalation of the rule of virtue, from the ab- stract to tho concrete, than to endeavor 80 to five that Christ would approve our life.” He slso allows that, *“to the conception of a rational skep- tic,” it remaina s possibilily that Christ actually was what Ho supposed Himself to be,—=& ‘man charged with a special, exprass, unique commis- gion from God, to lead meukind to trath and virtuo"; and that He possessed.tia qualities of ¢t probably the greatest moral reformer &ad mar- t7 to His misaion who ever existed upoa earth." This, then, is the latest word from John Stu- art Mill, who, with all his cool and seemingly almoat cold serenity, was most keenly seusitive and sympathetic. Through lifo ho struggled with the bias toward Athelsm which bis father, with & grim mixture of parsntal fond- ness and paternal despotism, forced upon hi education from the beginping. But he strog- gled yet more with the dificuities which the ac- tual sight of this world's coinga-on thrusts per- sistentiy upon roflective and sensitive porsous. Nevertholess, this lnst deliberative utteranco {from his pen showa Mr. Mill a5 ono still clingtog to what sesmed to him, on the whole, » prepon- deratingly hopoful Perhaps. § THE HOLIDAYS. Preparations of the Dealers. Dry Goods, Clothing, Jewelry, Grocerices, Ete. The holidays draw on space, and the masses are beginuing to cast about them, in ordoer to as- certain the most advantagoous places to pur- chase their holidsy prescnts, as the holidays, like the fashions, are most exacting in their de- maands, and thereforo must be attended to. Now, in onder {0 nid the reader in quest of dry-goods, we would suggest the stores of MANDEL BROS., oneof which is situnted at Nos. 63 and 65 Wash- ington street, between State ana Dearborn, and the other on tho corer of Twenty-second street and Michigou avenue, where the products of both domestic and foreign looms can be pur- chased from 15 to 20 per cent less than at any other firet-cluss retail dry-goods store in this city. This is putting it protty strong, and yet it is an absoluto fact that this firm, somo weeks ago, adopted tho very wise system of solliny all favorite and attractive styles of dress goods, ladies’ furnishing goods, fancy guods, and noions, ot the reduction mentioned above. Theirs is emphatically the + nimble sixpenca ” plan of transacting business, and, should we measure their trade by the large and comstantly-incressing throng that visits their store daily, no other conclusion could be reached thap that thelr new plan is not only af- fording their customers superior advautages, but is realizing them a larger groes profit than could be reached under the old system. In adopting this new plan. tbe Mandels are not only confer- ring a great favor on their patrons, but are en- abled to close out stacks with 60 groat a rapidity that fresh goods, embracing all of the atirac- tious, novelties, aud styles of the season, aro placod before ths buyer from day to day. That they havo been abundantly successful in tbis now departuro from & fGxed per cent profit on all classes of goods, such as 15 usully sdopted by the relail trado, needs no further evidenco than the state- ment that their business has moro than doubled during the past year, aa their gros snles for that period reach the princely sam of $1,000,000. This speaks protty woll for a firm which Las suffered a logs of their entire stock in business twico during the pust three years. The Mandels commenced business in o emall way in this city, some twenty years ago, aud by oconomy, industry, and fair dealing, they b buiit up a trade, aud earned a reputatio; businesy circles of which they may well fecl proud. ‘This is the sesson when anything relaling to the clothing trade must prove of interest to the masees. And baving called on the popular clothing house of WILDE, BLUETT & CO., situated in theimposing editice that occapies tho northwest corner of State and Madison streets, we wero guatified to learn that clothing was moving with freedom, and thas their trade had boen exceedively good during the months of Oc- tober and November, potwithstanding the un- favorable character of the weather during tho greater portion of that time, as also tho close- ness in monetary affairs. From careful inqury, e learn that their trade, sinco the let of Octo- ber last, esceeds that of the corresponding date last year sbout 30 per cent. In fact, tbrough fuir desling, ond the bondling of & superior quality of goods, their trade during the past year has oxhibited s very bealthy expansion. Such a statement is_indeed encouraging, and when made by such a house as Messre. Wilde, Bluett & Co., and others of equal credit and popularity in commercial circles, is entitled to full credence. For as a clothiog establishmont this may be called the leading one of tho city, 28 they no doubt carry oue of the largest and finest stocks of goods in the West. Thoy make a specialty of children's, boys', and yonthe' clothing, nlso genilemen's dressing- Zowns, smoking-jackets, etc., all of which aro mauufactured of tho best mazerial, and are first— claes in every respect, ‘Ihey also have con- nected with their house a merchant-tailoring de- pertment ecfi:l to any other io tho city. .One of the particular advantages that this house pos- sesaos is their facilities for manufacturing and handling a superior grade of goods at low prices. Messrs. James Wilde, Jr.. & Co., of New Yerk, the senior members of this firm, bave been in business for the past tweuty-seven sears, and aro well known as the largest manufacturers of fine clothing in toe United States. In fact, on their counters may be found oue of the finest stocks in the city. There is one poiot in business economy over which there can bo no question, sud that iy, that it is cheaper to buy for cash than ou credit, and if tho cash system could be rigidly appliod to all commercial and morcantile transactions, there ia not tho least doubt but that both buyer and seller would find it a hundred timea more ad- vantageous than the present indiscriminate manner in which goods are sold ou time. The profits derived from o busineas aro the only in- centives for pmrsumy stch business, and when the retail merchant sells his goods ¢n time he must of neceseity coutract bad debts sufficient to roduce his profits from 10 to 15 per cent in the aggregate. Now, without the least desire to impugn the honesty of sny one, it is sa established fact that the prompt pay- ing customer must, in & great measure, bear the losses of those who fail to pay their Dills, Or in other words, a eufficient amount, be it over go small, will bo added to the price of ench article bought' on credit by the prompt-paying customer, to balanca the losses sustainod by the non-paying buyer. These are the legitimate fruits of the credit systom, and just o long ax business is transacted on that Dlan, just eo long will tho losses that the mer- chiant sustains from bad debts bein wholo or in part made up by other creditors who meet their ills at maturity. With this view of the case— and it is » corract one—would it not be infinitely better for consumors to pay cash down for what- ever they buy? And if thoy have not the ready money would it not be ecouomy to borrow it at from 9@10 per cent—the present current rates— than to take their chancea in buying goods on credit? We hazard little in the statement that there is not one retsil merchant in ten who does business on the credit system who does not carry bad snd doobtful debts that, in the nggregate, amount to as much as his actually employed cap- jtal. ‘Thereforo, that the credit system is un- profitable both in theory and practice, needs no argument to prove, and at this dey wo see mauy retail merchants adopting the cash system in its most rigid form. Among such we would csll the attention of our readers to 3 0, H. SLACK, who has, since May 1, ceen doing a prosperous cash business in both staple and faucy_grocerics at No. 109 East Madison strect, which is con- caded to be one of tho largest and finest grocery houses in the country. After years of expern- ence, Mr. Slack wisely determined that the cash basis was the ooly bonest and safe-one on which to transact business. And the magoitade of his trade in this city, as well as the reputation he bears among his castomers, and in commercial circles, shows tho wisdom of his choice. His stock i8 large and his trade is rapidly increasing, and, in order to meet the increasmg wants of his customers, be is now placing m his storc Burns’ improved coffee and spice mills. And that consumors may bo pro- tected, it is hoped that other of our retail me chanta may follow the example of Mr. Slack, who reaily stands between tho meonfacturefand consumer in many lines of his_goods, thereby doing awsy with the profits which middlemen generally receive. But suppose the reader is in quest of holiday presents in the way of jewelry, silverware, ‘atches, ehains, precious stones, French clocks, opera-giasses, or fancy goods and movelties of any desctiption, then we would suggest tho house of HAMILTON, BOWE & CO., - sitnated at 99 State, coroer of Washington street. This house has opened duriug the past week a large and attractive stock, embracing &ll descriptions of holiday goods usaslly handled in that Jioe of trade, Being practical jewelers, the firm have selected this stock with great care, aud from porsonal knowledgewe can say it em s braces all that is rare, rich, and costly, and 88 Mesgrs. H., R. & Co. declars it to be thelr in- tention to distributo this large and costly Btock between this snd the 1st of Jonuary nextat a percentage less than such goods were ever be- fore gold in this city, we do mot hesitato in di- recting the reader to them. In closing, we will sy that this firm makes watches, chaios, and the finer grades u specialty. And yet their atock is 80 oxtensive that it embraces goods of a value within the reach of all. , Another branch of industry, not least in point of interest, i3 the glove, mitten, and whip busi- nees, which WOOD & HAMILTON, located st No. 178 East Madison streot. make a spocialty. The firm commenced business here only sbont the middle of October last, and their success demonatratea that nnother of Chicago's wants are in & messura supplied. They msou- fazture gloves and mitis to order, snd the mats- they use and the workmanship they employ aroin overy way_superior to that of Eastern manufacturers. Their fine seal and otter gloves aro becoming ‘very popular. - Tho genuioo dog- skin daving glove, a8 _alko the bezver castor gloveof the best quaiity, can be found at this eatablishment. Their large stock of whips corn- prino overy variety, inclndiug the fine ivary-han- dled knotted bone, the genuine malacca, with gold and silver mountings, s also the more snbstan- tinl team and buggy whipe. Taey, transact both 2 rofail and jobbing trade. and. in brief, it i good place for merchants and deslers to b SAVINGS BANK. Hierehants’, Farmers’ & Miechanies’ - SAVINGS BANK, 15 Clark-st, Fest St 0, Opposito the THE BUSINESS OF THIS COR~ PORATION is confined exclusive- 1y to the receint and care of Sav- ings Daposits and Funds for In- vestment. No commercial or gen- eral banking business transacted. SUBIS AS SMALLAS ONE DOL- LAR received from any persom, and a bank book furnished. MARRIED WOMEN and minor children may deposit money so that no one else can draw it INTEREST at the rate of G per cent per annum, is paid on sums ot One Dollar or more. THOSE DESIRING TO INVEST their savings upon reul estate se- curity at a higher rate of interest than ean be safeiy paid on Savings Deposits, should call at this Bank and examine its INVESTMENT CERTIFICATLES, SYDNEY MYERS, Manager. TNDZRWEAR, &c. BANKRUPT STUE, | SORETHING NEVER BE- FORE KHOWN I CHICAGC. The LARGEST and FINEST stock of LA- DIES’ and CHILDREN’S EMBROIDERED AND LACE TUnderwear, IN- FANTS' & CHILDREN'S Clothing, imported by MAD. PERCEVALLE, Union Sguare, NEW YORK, is ready for sale at 40 cents on the dol- lar,by LIEBENSTEIN & CO0., 22, 24,26 Randolph- st., up stairs. F¥ARLOR BEDSTEAD. RENTS REDUCED 25 PER CENT. Your great Parlor Bedstead rhyming effusion I was half inclined to call a delusion— at puff, to take po fraud, transparontly But my wife, i passing, just stepped in your door, Freom Idle curlosity, and nothing more. What followed her visit you'll remowbee wall— She purchased the wares you advertised to sell; And we found to our congratulation Your goods excoaded your reprosuntation— That tho wondrous Bedstoad had moro nses far Than was stated in your rhyming circular. But the greatast fosture of all—which you miss— And which should bo known in theso bard times, s this: The Badstoad actually lowors one's rent— Tn our caso fully five and twonty per cont: As In rooms we havo always occupled four, ‘Whoreas now we only uso three, and no moro— The room once kept for an occasionsl friend, Ts no longsr noeded to servo such an ead; As whonevor one now drops in for the night (A gorgeous reception at onca meetd his sight)— Tho beantiful Burean attracting his eyo In a momeat is changed, his want to supply, And fn our snug little parlor there ho may lay Ina bod soft as down till tho next coming Jay. Thero ase soms other things which ou onght to know— ‘But I'll write you sgain—so now lat them go To tho EMPIRE PARLOR BEDSTEAD €0., 383 West Madison-st. HEABRNE:. LACES, &o. IMHEN; fi% i EEEERINGS HOLIDAY TRADE! ELEGANT LIVES OF LACES In Brussels Point, Point Duchesse, Valen- ciennes, Thread, Guipure by the yard or in Collars, Capes, Barbes, Handkerchiefs, and Coiffures. Beaded Goods of all kinds in Beits, Fichus, etc. A besutiful assortment of Fancy Scar{s and Neck Wear. Elegant line of Infants’ Cloaks. Also full assortment of goods for Gents’ wear. “Do not fail to in- spect our stock before purchasing, ag you will find our prices lower than any other house in tho merket. JAMES B FOSTER & C0, 124 State=st. WATCHES, DIAMONUS, &e. Christmas Presents! We are offering our entire stock of elegant Diamonds, ‘Watches, Chains, Jewelry, and Silverware at greatly reduced prices for the HOLIDAYS. ROSERERRY&FALCH 68 Madison-st. — VIANZZD WANTED. A youug men of 15 years’ practical business arience in Boston aad New York, desires ‘rpcunnoct himsslf with some first-class 1o wholosale establishment in the West, Best of references. K Box Address VP O, 2606, Boston, or A.%l, Tribune oficss PROFESSICNAL. DR. HUNTER On the Treatment of the Lungs Throogh the Stomach. ‘Reasons for Its Continusnce. Discovery of the Circa- lation, Bleod Letting, Nercaria’s acd Transfusion, Success of Inhalation, A Lesson from the History of Medicine, "To treat the lungs through the stoniach is not only falee in principle, but so round aboutand indirect 25 tonake it impossible for any medi- ciues s0 administercd to reach the sest of the disease. Then why is this treatment continned? Why do s0 many physiciand stili persist in a prectice which s undoubtediy chargeable with a large proportion of the deaths by lung complaints? I. Itis continned because the people believe “consumption a disense of the entire evstem caused by impure blood,” and are uuablo to un- deratand why it may not bo cured by acting on the geveral system through the stomach. This false theory originated nearly three con- turies ago, when the nuture of consmnption was but littls understood, aud the profossfon was excited over a great event in medicine—tho die- covery of the circulation of the blood by the il- lustrious Harvey. No sooner was the truth of this discovery realized than the wildust cuthusi- asm took the place of sober reason. I¢ was be- lieved that, through it, old age might bo rejuve- nated and lifo indefinitely prolonged. It was assumed thac all diseases were in the blood, nnd heuce all that was secessary to cure them was to draw off the bad blood and let the vessels fill up with new. This absard idea vas the crigin | of *“bloodlelting,” tbat murderous practico which launched myrinds into eternity—ead for more thaw 200 years rejected all facts with scorn, and acuelly held the civilized world in bondago to o medical error. Tuc theory that the state of the blood was the causo of disease having once got possession of the professional mind, the one ides, with ail physicians, was how to get rid of or purify ““Bad blood.” They belioved if this conld only be done, 21! sickness would immediately vield to medical skill. Not satisfied, thercfore, with open- inyg the veins and pounug ous the blood on every possible oceasion, and for every known disease, they next set to work purifying () what re- meined by filling the system with mercury and other poisons. Caiomel, corrosize chloride, and bluo pill were their chief reliance, until common seose und long-sufferivg humanity cried ount agrinst a sysiem which, under the pretense of curing discase, firat robbed tna sick of that fluid on which all vitality aud strength depends, and then filled thelr blood with poigons and thewr bodies with the elaments ot decay. Fivding their patients could noi live with- out blood, and mnot succeeding io their efforts to parify it Ly introducing mercurial poisons, they next conceived the brilliant idea of letting alk the bad blood out ard pumping in ttio blooi of sheep, goats, snd other animals to supply its place. This, it was boldly predicted, would not only effectuslly drive ont disease, but *render man immortal.” Unfortunately, how- ever, 80 many of those who tried it suddenly de- parted to * that bourne whence no traveler re- turns " that the civil authorities became alarmed and g0 put & stop to the zeal of the Professor by royel edict! Where are these practices now? Abeolutely abandoned by all educated physicians aa not only worthless but dangerous to Lealth and life. And yet down t3 within ten years of this time (with the exception of the transfusion insanity) they were regularly taught in all medical schools aud regularly practiced upou the sick by all phy- eaciauy, and hud beeu o taught and 8o practiced for upwards of 200 years. The theory that abed state of tho blood i the causo of consumption is ths esme old delusion still continued. It never tad any foundation io fegt. Itis wholly untrue, and it is eheer ignorance to believe that poison- ing the blood wiih drugs could cure Cousump- tion. Look at the facts. What good has this treatment over done? Ithas had-centuries of trinl under the most favorable circumstances. 1t has been prescribed in the earliest dawn of the disease snd persisted in throughall its stages. What are the fruits? It has 50 univer- sally tailed thnt few people can now be made to beliove that any treatment can succeed. Yould it not be moro genzible for peoplo to doubt the truth of this old theory? Chemistry s failed to find any poison iu the blood. The blood is found to b perfectly pure uatil after the disease has passed its first stage. When if ‘becomes more deoply seated the lungs are una- ble to do their full work, and, as s consequence, the natural parification of tie blood by respira~ tion becomes defective. - This cansea the reten- Lion of carbonaceous matter, s kind of impurity which nothing will remove but improved breatl- ing. Youmay take all the medicines of the materia medica by tho stomach asud it will not affect it onoiota. Inhalation, on the contrary, aids nature by arresting the diseese, oloansing tho air tabes, snd improving respiration. From this you will understand that the car- bonaccous condition of the blood is not a cause but an effect of lung disease. The blood be- comes impure affer the lungs becomoe affectece Tho blood depends on Tespivation for its titality and must always become dejzctive when respira- tion is impared. Tho only way that it can be restored is by restoring the function of the lungs. ; 1I. I now come to the second question: Whay do o mapy physicians still troet the lungs throuh the stomack ? They do 8o because they know of nothing else. Befora they could prac- tice inhalation they would bave to go to school again. Wero they to admit that inhalation waa profersble to the old routine, their pationts would never rasc satisfied until they obtained its benefits. The fear of losing prestige and prac- tice makes them resist 1ta general adoption by the gick. It is the samo old policy alwazs pur- sued by the vrofession in regard to improve- ments in medical practice. It took the immor- tal Harvey thirty years before hecould . get them to admit the truth of his discovery of the circu- lation, although any phyzician could have proved it in five minutes by simply cutting down upcn an artery and puncturiag it with a_lancet. But they did not want to prove 1t. They knew that to do so would raise his reputation above their own. Thoy therefore opposed, denivd, and re- jected for thirty years, solely through self- interost and professional jealousy. But theoretical discassions ore of no value to the sick. The true test of all theories is success. My theory is proved by the success of inlalation in all lung compiaints. Numbers of patients in this eity and thronghout the country bave, by it, been restored tohealth who must otherwise azve died. Theso will answer for ita merits. ROBERT HUNTER, M. D., Phsician for Disesses of the Chext. Lakeside Building, CLARK-ST., corner Adams. Chicago, Nov. 3, 187, CATARRH CURE. [SSSUSSUS vy 20 YEARS Afflicted with CATARRE and Loss ot Smell, cured' by a remedy found after ALL CTHERS HAD FAILED. I now ofter this valua- ble preparation to the public by the name of TOWNE'S UNT SAL CATARRH CURE. W. TOWXE. For aals by z1l Wholeaalo and Re:ald Droggists. VAN SCHAACK, STEVENSON & REID. General Ausnts. BATHS. URKISH Medicated Vapor Baths, Fing try for the troatment of zouid and e A o s GICAND PAGIFIC HOTEL. B aMenncs on Jacksop-at., ncar LaSella. Upoa for 1adios and gont from 7 0. 10 o 8 3. m. ibe Ladios* Deparunsnt is uador tha supervision of Mrs. Scmors. Dr. G. 0. SOMERS, Frop’r. FIRE INSURANCE. OF NEW YORK. 0ash Assais $1.400,000.00, Tovested in 0. S. Bonds. aver $700,000.00. Losses Paid, over $4,000,000.65. 23 YEARS' PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE. The “WNIAGARA” IN- SURANCE CORPAHY ig not liable for any Pol- icy or Renewal issued after ist January, 1874, by the “UNDERWRIT- ERS AGENCY,” so call- ed, THE CONTRACT OF THE UNDERWERITERS AGENCY OF NEW YORE HAVING EX- PIRED BY LIMITA- TION 31st DECEMBER, 1873, BEVERIDGE & HARRIS, Hauagers Western Departmen, 116 & 118 LaSalle-st., CEICAGO. CAUTION. "CAUTION! It having come to our notice that Wiswall & Groeno, Hos. 76 State- st.and 131 Tweanty-second-st., Chice= g0, claim to be SPECIAL AGENTS of our MEN’S HAND-SEWED BOOTS AND SHOES, we take this method to inform the public that we DO _NOT SELL WISWALL & GREENE, nor would we if they stood in our store with the money in their bands. Ve have a matter now in the hands of our attcrney egeinst A. A, Wiswall for sclling another make of Bootsend stamping ¢ Burt”? on the hesl, therecy deceiving the public. We would c2ution the pub- lic in buying any of our so-called Poots and Shoss of Wiswall & Greene to see that our trade mark is on the heel, as none are genuine without that stamp. We are com- pelled to give the public these facts as a protection to honest dealers and ourselves. BUET & HEARS, Manufacturers of the “Burt” Boots and Shoes, 59 & 61 READEST, NEW YORK. L& A&. TO ALL OF THE GREAT WESTERN RAPH COMPANY. Pabiic notica Ls boraby gisca that, in pursuance of cer- tatn orders duly made sad eatered of rwcord, in cartaln zctious ?fifldlif 10 the State of Ihinow, ia tce Cireols ‘Court vl { on tha Clhancery ride tharsof, whorein_The Great Westara Telesraph Company Is & pars. O, H. Hoston, L., of Cdleage, Easbeoa daly puintod Receiver of Tao Grozs Western Telegrayn hipeas snd all of its poperts £z rhoots of erery fa~ tor whexsooser, sad, hasing uxecated the bond raqaired Ly sad orders, is juvested with ol tho powers of ceiver nccording to law. “Bs tho ores aforesatd 1t Las bacn riferred to Hliram L. 'Coase, Master ia Chancery of sald Coart, **torake avidonco Doariuz upod, and report ths {adobtsdnces o said corporativm, _nxcept taw allcged bondad jo- 3 £l and the eait Morter in Chancesy 13 therd] airected to fortowith pub- Yiah §n° TRE CNIC460 TRIBCNE and Inter-Ocean, for saven cocaccutiva days to ail crodirors of The Great Weste e Tclegmph Company notifyiag then in edece of the Eppotnuicat of the s1d Raceiver 2cd of thls order of retcrence, #ad that on a cerlain in sald Batica no: mora than ten daya fr- 5 10 o avmed It tho first publieatiin of saud. onice =l eroéitoms of sz1d Groet Waetern Tob- {rapk Company pressnt their ciairs 1o waid Master iy 122 adjudication, togesbor wiih such pruofs a1 o wtabiil tho ratme, and their clatms whll bo deoarred fsnllaveed: 6 2aid Manter, aftar the racaipt of said claims, shall, \ éno motica o sxid Reciver, hear, rrcotve, anc re Dort. 15 pronfs ead counrer.proofs upsa el clalms, and rhall aleo l'.‘v(iln his findicys tharoupon to tho Court for catian. ‘Grdored that the caid Master fn Chiancery thail ko 3:d Teport proof boariog opcn toe matur of tha ellexrl bands of “aid eorporal mcd in 1874, bue 15 not requirsd to mako 3 findinz ruspeot Laereta. By fncoor ordar it 1% pruvided that the suid Mastcr shall concludo evide oo mpon said claims Dot théreod withia thiny days from tho dato of this no- B, nioan oeherioe endesed spos dae azslicatiin to e an er shewing therefor. th Comet e tico 13 horoby gives to all creditars of the Great \Western ‘felegraph ‘Compeny to presont all clutras for adjudical the h depngued, tion, thgetber With proofs thorsof, to Master in Chancrry, At s wicek, 13 LaSclleat., Coiicagn, i, ‘of Docembar, ‘4. D. 1573, atd ‘or as tua thercafier, within ths tims limit- jers a3 aforesaid, astho hearizg thersof can 1t thersof claims will ba dobarred 55ce of the orders a8 aforssaid. 58, 193 HITAM 3. CHASE, 2faster in Chancory of Cuck Co.; Clrcait Conrt. NZW PUBLICATIONS, FIFE ILLUSTRATED EGDES FOR HOLIDAY CANVASL Scesse, Cassell, Patters & Galnia, of 501 Broadmay, Now Yok, fisvo oponed & Braneh oase vt asafagioas at., Chileako, under the mansgemeat of Co- & nale of theiz subscription pubiics: tafaihz sorial and complato voris of tho highes Mals and femal eanseasars wanted Immadt . OASSELL, PECTERS & GALPLY, %0 Waenington-st., Uricteo. AVONDALE. ings of AVONDALE tend to boner end vir s fla plot (s well snuieinad and is tona "~-Chicago i.vening Joarnal. Taeroluro 1t 13 ll!:fbo;k 7ou can resgatio o friesd, Szt freo on rucelpt af prioa, 81.15, by the sathoz, . GLARZE, 5 West Adami-ste, Chicagon tu on: