Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 10, 1874, Page 2

i i | i 8 i - :E_.__.‘___—__' . 554 B e RAILROAD NEWS. Continuation of the Argmxientn in the Madison Suits, Messrs, Coole and Lawrenco on e Part of the Rallroads, Opposition of Some Western Railroads to the Saratoga Commission. Other Important Freight Mattors. THE WISCONSIN LA’W. Sneciul Dispateh to The Chicaao Tribune, ABGUMENTS IN THE INJUNCTION BUITS AT MADI- EON. Maprsoy, Wis., Aug. 8.—At 10 o'otock thoTTon, B. 0. Cook, General Solleitor for the Chicago & Nortliwestorn Railway, opened the caro for that Compnny. Tho Chicago & Northwestern Rail- way opersted lines in Wisconain not owned by the Company, Tho complaint filed by tho Attor- noy-Goneral, charging the Company with violat ing the Pottor law, made;no spocifie charges, and adduced no proof that tholaw was uot boing vbeyod on tho lansed linos ; whorens the injunc- tion applicd for waa intended to cover all lines operated by the Company in Wisconsin, Refor- ring to Mr. Orton's allegations of corrupt mau- agoment, in his opening oration for tho Btato, Mr, Cook anld ho could bardly have supposed tha counsel would havo boon guilty of the impropri- ety of attompting to sway tho judgmont of this Court with matters ontirely foreign to this suit, and which, besides boing irrolovant to the come plaint, wero untruo, It has bocomo s popular cateliword to say tho railronds dosigued to con- trol themsolves, indopoudent of tho State. Such thought had wover outored the minds of tho Northwestern managors, Thoy seknowledgod tho right of tho Btateto control them to tho samo extent that it controls its citizens, and ONLY ASK TO SBTAND UPON AN EQUALITY WITH EVLRY OTHER CITIZEN of tho Biate. No businces can Lo carried on where the prico of wares offored for snto (s to be fixed by tho great body of purchasers, In the eaeo of railways, tho prico s attempted to be fixod by men who do not understand tho olo- monts outoring into the cost of .doing business. ‘Whatover Jurisdiction this Court bad 1t dorived from tho Btato Conatitution ; aud this cannot bo added to, extended, or restrioted by statute, Chiof-Justice Ryau suggosted that tha Oironit and Supreme Courts have conourrout jurisdic- tion for mondamus sud certiorari, and tho Supromo.Court Liad mndo & rulo that, oxeopt in speciul cesos, thin Court will not nct, but will lcnvo the parties-to their romedy in the Cirouit Court, Justico Lyon paid this Court had nover madon rulo in quo warranto ensos that provious aotion wua nocessary, and such might bo the- case in thowo proceedings. Uhla‘!—dnuuuu tyan—Assuming that the Pottor Inw i vald, thut ity rates aro rengonablo, and tho Btale hus an intorest in its enforcoment, what do you claimi would be an adequate remody ? Ar., Cook~Tho State has fixed tho remedy in tho net. Judgo Ryan—TI cannot find in Seo. 3 of the law thnt any penalty goes tu tho State, 1t socms to mo that a suit of quo warranto, fo forfeit the churtor of tho Company, would not be an ade- quato remedy at law for tho Blate.* Tho Stato {s intorested to maintaiu tho ratlroads, and the 1nil- ronds are interested to bomaiutalued, Therotors o suit to forfeit thoir charters would not anewer tho purposo of this suit, Tho donbt in my mnd is, whothier a writ of mandnwmus is an adequato romedy for this cnso. Tho Hteto is nocessary to these railroads, aud TILE BAILIOADS AIt NEGLSSARY TO TR, BTATE, Even thongh tho Compnnics mn{‘bn distogarding a public Inw to the_injury of the whole Stato, and the Attorney-Gouoral may desiro to cure the evil, will it be a'aura to forfeit the charter of the Company ? Gon, Bulth—That bogs the quostion. Tho coplo aro intorested in this quostion, not to Jiavo,thts doio at all, Tiiero i 5o allegation thut tho pooplo aro Intercsted to have theso rail- roads cun ab « loss. Jndgoe Ryau—I too hava to_ beg the question that it'is o'valid, just law, I bave also to Doy tho quostion that tho Stafe at Jarge, reprosentod by the Attornoy-General, has . interest L ol force these raten, and L simply put tho quostion whother the proceoding by quo warranto was an adoquate remody ot law, or whether thero would be any romedy. ~ A ramody at law might oxist, but might not bo an adequate remedy at law, Gon, Bmith—Thut Is crincal, . Judgo Byan—I do not think it Is critical. It may ot bo tho intorest of tlie Siato to anforco n Isw, but it may be an injury to tho State to for- feit tho churtor. Gen, Bmith—Can it, by any possibility, Le the interest of tho people to enforco a law that would dostroy tho very thing they wunt? Judge Ryan—If a father and son havo a difi- culty, tho father may have the romedy of turn- ing the son out of doors, but he may have a vory ationg intorest in reforming Lim without tura- iugg bim out of doors. Gen. Smith—Very true; but the old man misht bo in tho wrong after all, Judgo Tyun—Yos: that goos ou tho assump- tion that Young Americn 9 always in tho right, br. Cook romarked that thatpoiut was not on his briof. Hu then nrgnod TIE IMGHT OF TRIAL BY JURY, citing the Constitution, which eays the right of tial by jury ahnd] romnin inviolato, and shall extend to all cakes at law without rogard to the amount in controversv, The romedy against o eorporation which exorclsed any franchise, lib- erty, or privilego, or transactod any business. not authorizad by ita chirtor, was by writ of quo warzanto, and tho only mode of enforciug n statute toregulute the modo of conducting rail- rond businoss, wag to enforco the penalties pro- vided in the statutoe, in either of which cusos (ho defondant would bo antitled to triai by jury, and would bave been #0_ontitled undor tho Constitu- tiom nt any time boforo the statute was passcd. Row, tho simplo question was, whothor the Log- iulature, by changing the namo of the procacds ing from one at common law to ona in chancory, thoreby doprives tho party of its right to n trin Ly jury, 11 tho Logislatiire could go one stop in tlis diroction 1t might go_to auy length in the same direction, And & oitizen would hold tho right of Lyiul by jury st tho plensura of the Leg- islature, Tho claim THAT TIE POTTER TAW WAS SPECIAL LTGISLATION, whicls i exprensly 1 e bibited by the Btate Cone stitution, wa § siuaply prowntod by . Cookk. 1t who uncqual in its apphieation, which wus alzo in violation of that provision of the Coustitution whieh provides that all laws graut- ing or relnting to corporata powers shul ho uni- form in proceeding. ~ While arging the further unconntitutionality of the lnw, becauso 1t at tepted ta regulato Intor-Stato commniorco, which belongn axulusively to Congress, Mr, Cook wag (utetruptod by Atty.-Gou, Sloano, remarking, “Wo don't a8k any injunction on that," Tteforring: to the word * nlter,” contained in the rerorved clauso, Mr. Cool contonded that L Legislutura could not take away n priviloga givon in tho faco of the charter, It meaus to tundity some grant contained in tho ehmrtor. - An amendmont moans o add to it. Tho Logisiatiro could delognta tho power to fix rates, Chig the Totter law doen to the Comminsioners, dudgo Ryun—Conceding the rmlroads oan elinrgo ronsonabla rabos, autl the Logislubiro sae uol ifx them, to whow ¢nn it bo dologutod 7 2dv, Cooli—1t 18 o judivisl quostion to ba do- terniined on trinl, Judge Ryan—"That would dotermine exch »ar- tieulur “casu, but would e ovor dotennine the general question of whut uro rovsonnblo chinrges Mr. Covk—It would detormine whothor rail. ways had escoeded thoir ususl powers, and would soon grow iuto & rulo, Judge Ryan suggented that it left for ordinary Jurors to docide 1o unifornity woul rosult, v, Coole thought tho question might be lott witle tho Court Iu each cuso, Neforring to n populer invinuntion that the Compunion lhmm- relvon wora inetigating this litlgution in ordor to protit by tho fiuctiutivn of stochs, ho ropollod it e utorly, monnly falue, Nut 0no of tho mani. ters of the Norghweotoru Rallway had bought o rold o wmnglo sharo of koek iveo the -inaugumtion of thewo litigationn, Thut veud iv now Leing conducted ud sconomivally, ny Boneacly, ak s thio business of any mun in Wine tensilty - traneor or otherwlse, © Whon suoh ¢linrgos conlu bo wubstantinted it would ho tin ehaiigh to |refor thom. ‘Thore is no fuctious do- it ou tha part of the Company to disoboy the aoith to the corporatlons, ity resulta will bo no loau dinantrous “to the ‘pooplo of Wisconsin, Suonld thls Court deom ft tholr duty $o Issuo an {p Junetion, that wonld bo o end of the quos- Lton, Lhe compunten would bo eompelled to . ACOEPT TUE INEVITAULE, There could bu wo othor shan a politioal no- cosaity that this injunction should now issuo to compel theso rondd to run on terma that would not sleld sufllclont to pay tholr Intorest. e hour of recesn arriveil as Jr, Cook olosed his argument, ‘Aithongh Iaboring under quite sovoro tndisposition, his provontation of tho eano was romarkably strong, and wus gob forth in cleur, foreiblo torms, At 2 d'cloclt TUR 10N, 0. T LAWRENCE, of Chiengp, followed un belw!f of the North- wontarn Company, His nativnal roputation as a urist had eroatail o gonornl desirs to hoar him, nglmllug with tho quostion of jurindlotion, briotly aud torsoly ho deniod the right of Courh 1to talio original Jurisdiction of tho onso. Iiofor- ring to tho iquity of thologlalation upon whioh ;this lltigation is basad, ho nsked, Waa over bo- foro, sluce tho history of Jaw bogan, an appenl .mado to & court of oquity to exerciso its powora ifor suchi s purposo to asslst tho peoplo of tho Btato to rob a corporation? Ilo would not ohargo the pooplo of Wisconsin with n desiro to ‘rob tho narrom“nna, but it was ovidont thoy "last wintor foll undor the control of mon who . pasked an act, tho effect of which is, to upoak - mildly, TONDERY IN EYCRY SENAE OF TRI WORD. 1t Ia not taking from then: at tho month of !:hn pistol, but with tho strong nvm of the law, Theo enforosmont of this Pobtor law would simply take 80 mucly, dny by day and woek by wook, out of tho pockats of ‘the'stockholdors, in, order that n fow favmors might sond thoir prodice to market a fow conts chieaper, aud ride upon the road for 8 contw instendof 83¢ conts per mite, The Conrt s askod to compol tho Company to do this, nnd, if the officors rofuse, tho Court s obliged to fol- Jow up thoir ordor by wawing an attachment to iwprikon the Prealdont, Suporintoudent, or nor- haps the Solicitor, and imposo a lioavy fine upon tho Company ; all beenuso they do not beliove thero s nny priuciple of constitutionsl law by which thoy can bo compolled to oxoreise thoir vo- ention a8 common carriors at their own oxponse, Tlio complaint filed by the Attornoy-General was tho most monstrous declaration evor mads to tho oquity gide of n court upon tho constitutionnlity of . Judge Lnwrenco used the argutont uscd by him {n” tho recont tral bofore tho United Statos Court, and whicls was publistiod at the timo, Teforring to tho franchisos which tho Leglstature coutld tako nway, the lonrned vonnsel contondod that the right to chargo u ransonable considoration is not o franclise derived from the Btate. The Logialature may grant to a natural porson tho right to build aroad 3 woll nstoa corporation, aud tho law grauting that right to tho natural person may suy vothiug furthor ro- gording tho rates of compensution, That por- son, aftar countructing tho roud, would huve the riglit to ohiarge reasounblo ratos, and thiat would not bo & franchiso derived from tho Logislaturo, It wonld be precigely tha samo right tho farmor oxercines whon ho obarges what lie ean got for his grain, or the mechanio charges for his labor. Judgo Ryon supposed thal if tho Loglslaturo could rojienl a portion of tho original chatter al- lawing the Compauy to fix their tolls and estab- 1ish rates for thowm, they could slso ropoal thoe post allowiug thom to ehnrgo suy rato aball. -~ Judge Ryan—Supposc tho original obarlor of the Northwostern Gompany contnined the idon- tioal limitation of tho Lotéer law, could the Log- islaturo of 1874 have aiterod the chartor by pasn- fug an amondment authorizisg the Company to ehargo whnt thoy pleased ? ‘ Judge Lawrenco—1 question very much wheth- | or a subsoquiont Logiviuburo would havo s right to ralso their chargos ‘to 4 conts per mile, if it could bo shown in a judicial proceeding which niight axiso thoronftor that 4 cents would bo & reasonnblo chargo, : Judge Rtyan—Then I could rido on the rail- . road indopoudent of this Pottor aot hnvim;;l boon pussed, aud 1f thoy nsked e 4 conts and I of- fered them 3 conts, sud could go into court aud prove it was a reasonable. componsmtion, 1 _should have tho night to ride for 8 conts, Judge Lawrenco—You would, unless tho char- tor gave tho Dircotors’ the right to chargo what they should decin'a ronsonablorate. THE PROOKEDINGS this aftornoon wore probably more intoresting thinn durivg avy provious sawsion of tho Com on this caso. 'Tho dinlogues lotweon Judge Lnwronco and the Bonoh wore quito. numerous, and full of information, Who questions wore so varied aud unsettled that the Court wore dosir- ous of .ascortaiting Judge - Lawrence's full opivlons ou " sevoral pomts, Thoso ho gave in tho olonrest, happiest munner. During ono of these dinlogues, counsol urged thut the Leglsla- ture could not compel tlio Compauy to necopt an amendment, evon though it might be adjudged s valid law. Wherenpon the Attorney-Guueral said it was not olaimod thut tho State could compol tho Cowpanies to accept this amoudment. #*Thon,” replicd Judge Lawrenco, * concodo thit Yol oanhot compal s £0 AcGODE o auonde ment, snd awny good this suit. ‘ You nro horo trying to get an order Lo compel us to accopt it."" go liyan romarliod that the State did not ask for an'injunction to gompel tho Companica tooharge the exnct ratce namod in the lnw. “Chey conld ovon chargo loss, if_they choso. Tractically, howevor, thore was no diffarnnoo. Judgo Lawrence concluded his interesting arguwmont shortly after 6 o'cluek, by justifymg the courso pursued by Lhe Compsnics. Thoy bad acted on the ndvice of cminent counsol, Jadge Curtis, Mr. Evarts, and Mr., Hoar were ’| mot wwaro that eithor of tho others lhad been naked for an opinion regarding the valivity of tuo Juw, Thoy wero nsked to give unbineod opinious, not as pawd counsel in auticipation of & coutroversy with the Btate, Tho Companies were ouxious to know what their legal rights wero, Acting on tho counsel so obtwined, thoy Lave wsought to hbnve their right doter- 1oiuad by tho highost tribunal In the land. Tiis sotion on their part is pro- nounced on outrage. Of course it is nlways a0 outrago not to oboy the law, but Iam surprised to seo 80 ominont o lawyer a3 my eminent friond Dixon gomo and read "us o loc- ture ahout tho onormity ot our conduot in trfl- ing to find out if it bos law without flrss sub- witting to its murdorous conditions. We did 2 00t slull bo enforced, while [t muy tn- not abey tho law simply beeauso we did not bo- liovo it wos a valid law, entitled to obedience T'ruo, it had the form and stamp of law of Wi conein on its face, but we believed it unconstitu- trounl, Wa beliove so still. We Lolieyo wo Linve righits necurod to us by tho Constitution of this Btate and tho Unitod States npon which this Pot~ terlaw most rutidossly tramplos, and all wo ask of this Courl is that theso rights shull Lo \;rulnukm, T'he Court was adjourned until Mondny morne ing, whon Judge P.13.8poonor and the Hon, Geo. B, Smith will continue tho argument for_the railways, aftor which Attornoy-Goneral J. 0. Bloan wll oloso tho caso, probably on Tuesday next, ) g TREIGHT MATTERS, BATES TO DAVENLORT, E10. Tho Gonoral Freight Agonts of the Chicago, Rook Iuland & Pacifie, Peoria & Ltock Islaud, aud Rockford, Rock Islaud & Bt. Louis Railronds have lssucd the following joint froight tarim, which will go into offect to-day: “etoy pasaq Lrom Davenport to Chicago, i Erom ok Island to Chicagy Trom Daveuport to Yeorls. Frum Rock Islund to Peorla T'ho arbitrary ratos horetoforo publislied woro from the Last to the West, whilo theso rates are from tho Wost to the Enst, and somowhat lower than the others. By billing froights through to Now York and othor Eastorn puints, tho rates from horo to thoso points must be added. TUR BARATOOA NEETING, . Thero is hardly uny possibility that the action of tho late mesting of railway managers al Sara~ toga, in appointing Commissioners to establish uniform freight rates for ail the ronds, will bo productive of nuy results whatevor, ospeciully 80 far ag our Wostern roads are concorned. Most of our Westorn railrond maungors who atlonded that meating have now returned, and thov are unanimous in saying that they will not nbide Ly the actlon of thio conferance, nor will they allow tho Commissionors to muke rates for thenl, ‘Pho’whole movomoent sooms to huve been gottan up by the munngors of tho four Now York wrunk lines, who wore anxious to oulist tho ‘ostorn roads in the movenent whioh thioy bhud nnusurated In- Now York nbout six wool ago, ur Westoin ruilrond muningors aro too shrowd and oxporlonoed to bo eaught, and honeo thoir bosltlve refusal to hwvo auything (o do with ]?mt tarlils mado by irresponsible Commiss Blunors, “'ho ronds lending from horo to_the East have not yot docided what notion to tnke in rogard to Ll matlor, bub two of tho lnes will probably abidao by thanction of the Commisstonors, beenuse ono of thaso, the Littwburg & Fort Wayno, ia in the haudy of Mr, Beott, nnd the oihor, tho ‘\'llulluuul Houtharn, in the hands of Commodore Yandarbilt, “‘Pho Commissionors anpointod ut Suratoga will meot hora in o tow duys, und will Ixy to flx rates, but it I gonorally bolidvod Gt they will bo uuavle to hurmonize the dilferont iutereats fuvolved, e MISOELLANIEOUS, TIE DAXOTA HOUTHERN NAILWAY, A gontluinun who hns rocontly travoled through Bouthwestorn Dakoln, and las tho mewuy of Judgging correotly of s umonnt af whont u the bauds of the furmors, Lus furnishod us with the si88 1110 VHILAGO DAIL,. THE-CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNIZ? SONDAY, AUGUST 1o ARIBUNY: THURSDAY, AUGHST 13. 187a. | following ostimots of tlio whoot ordp intlini’ soction s [ 1obg ! Bushbls, Turnor Gonnty, +. 160,000 Ynnkton Gounit 400,000 7 D01, 000 B50,000 . 600,000 Unlon County,.. 30,000 Minnolisha Gov 10,000 |- - Totul, .. A 3,800,000 Estimuted tion 100,100 i T o .. 2,000,000 Ada to it tho murpli whoat fedin Nobraika thist witl go over thio Dakota Bouthern, 800,700 Loaving oub the amount thab th will ro- coive from Nobraskn, at-7 conta por bushel, tho Bouthern® Dakotn Rond will- rdceive from tho frolght ?ln w"ll:eu‘!l.llmllfl %1“40,000. ‘XI:):T‘Z?:“& i ors of o 0 prospect {03 od [ oo th KN.( 3 ‘uuopmnro than 50 |! uginoss for this rond ol miles long, for sovoral months to come, will bo consldored decidedly - good, The wheat is re. ortod of oxoollont quality; and; as thia 8,600,000 ushols comos mainly to ihia markot from a soo- tion which five yoara ago yiclded: us litile or no business, the faol showd low rabldly.the com- merco0f Chlorgo is *oxtonding by thio fucilitlos | - afforded by our ralways, BQUAUBLH DETWEEN RAILROAD OFFIOIALS IN RAN~ BAB OITY. Spacial Dispatoh to Phe -Chicaao Tribune. Ransas Crry, Mo., Aug. 8.—LThoro was held horo to-night n meoting of tho ofiicinls of roacy rupning o the Union Dopot, to sattlo the difll- aulty oxisting botwoon the compnuics in conse- uoiico of tho domanding of the reaignution of tha dopot agent by tho Hannibal & 8t: Joo Com- pany, - T'ho other' companiod suatained tho ngent, and threntened toremova to the State lino, : The rosult of the maeting i not known, but it ia-be- Hoved It will.bo gettlod, and a new Union Dopot bullt at ouce, . . - A b QHIOAGO, MILWAUKEE 4 AT, PAUL BAILWAY, i Correspondence of T'he Chicago L'ribune, ! McGueaor, Ia, Aus. 7.~8.:8, Morrill, Gen~ eral Managorof the Ohiongo, Milwaukes &.8t. Paul Railvay Qompany; Jobu O, Gault, Assistant ; O, E, Britt, Goneral X"rclfiht Agunt; and Mr. Walker, of hlosgo, pessod through thia city. this .morniug, makiug, s stop of eovernl hours,: and thon . proceading - westward, Tho arty.fs taking a.1in:ovar all tho liues of the St. ;nu{oumpnn_v. In this Btato they aro complot- Ing arraugomonts. for conforming their passen~ gor froight tariffs to tho provisions of, the Town statuto, and this will doubtless involve a reduc- ton of oporating oxpenses, noceasliating a ro- duction of sorvico, apood, and accomuiodations ; in othor wordy, fowor and slower trains, AGOEPTING TUE LEGAL'FARE UNDER PROTEST. Correapondence of The Chicago I'ribune. Font ManisoN, In., Aug. 8.—~Tho officers of the Keokuk & Durlington, Branch of tho Ohi- cngo, Burlingtou.& Quincy Railrond have in~ struoted the conduotors of traius to accopt undor protost tho fares of passengers at § cents por milo,swhen the exact amount at that rato is ten- dored thom, This is not gonerally andorstood by the poople, na agents are not allowed to soll tickots at loss than the old ratos., TAILROAD-AID MEETING IN BANDUBKY, 0, . Special Ihapateh to I'he Chicagn Tribune, . BANDUBKRY, O., Aug, 0.—Al & meoting held last night_in the intorest' of the Whaoling & Lako Erio Railrond, tho Committees from the differ eut wards af 'tho city, appoluted at & previous. mooting " to canvass for , subsoriptions du nid of " tho road, roportod 925,000 of tho stock takon Dy citizous, ~Additional. subsorip- tlous make tho late subseription near £40,000 of, the $75,000 necousary to soonre tho rond; ‘Cho Direotors meot horo on tho 10th £o Jocate the lino, ———— i A Bemarkable Spectacles - A Tondon correapondent of .the . Edinburg Seotsman, wriling undor recent dato, says:: * Within the past fow days I have been-in- formed of n romarkable spoctaclo thal woe il nossed on midsunmor's morning at Stone- heugo. Iam nob awsro thatin any work on these megulithic circles is - roforonco 'mado, however remotoly, to what X.am now about to montion. On the moruing in question & party of Americaus, who had left London: for tho purporo, visitod Stonchouge for .the purpose of | Wituossing tho sunrise on this particular morn- ing. Thoy woro not a little surprised to find that, instead of . having tho field all to thomselvos, ms .. .thoy Lad oxpooted, a.-numbor of people .from all parts of the countrygide, principally belonging, .to ‘pooror ¢lnsees, woro ‘alrendy mssombled on the Bpot. - Inquirios Tuiled to clicit any intelligi blo reason for tins oxtraordiuary early turu-out of tho population, excopt tuls, that a tradition, which hnd tricklod down through nuy number of gonorations, told them that ¢ Stonchenge sonjothing unusual was (o bo seen at sunrise on tho morning at the summer solstice, This pieco of rustic information pub my informunt, who {6 of an antiquarian turn of mind, on the qui vivo. Stonoliengo : may roughly bo de- scribodas composing soven-aighths of a circle, from tho open ouds of which there rauu oast- -ward an aveuue having hugo upright stoues ou eithor sido, At somo distauce boyoud, this avenuo, Luvin o Airnot lino. with its contre, stands ono solitary stono iu & sloping position, in front of which, but at a cousidorablo distanco, iy an emiuence or bil. ‘Tho point of obsorvation chosen by tho excur sion party was the stono table or altar near tha Load of and within the circlo directly looking down the ayonue. Thoe morning was unfavor- able, but fortunatoly just as the sun was be- ginning to appoar over the top of the Lill, the mists disappoared, and then for & fewy motnents tha onlookors stood nmazed at tne phenomonon presented to view. While it lasted, tho oun, like an Immenso ball, appeared actually to rest on tho isolatod stone of which montion lLas been mado, o, to quote the quaint though pro- snic doscriptivn of one Ereubnt‘.ih was like & liugo pudding placed on the top of the stonel* Another very important fact mentioned by an eldorly gentleman who hud resided for mauy yoors In tho nolghborhood, was that at the sot- ting of tho sun at tho winter solstico a similar phenomenon was obscrvable in the diroction of certain othor stonos to tho westward. Hore, thon, is the very remmkablo fuct that the axls of tho avonuo of Stonchongo accurately coincides with the sun's rising at tho Bummer golstico, and that suother line laid down in tho arrangement of tho stonos coin- cidos with the sotling sun at tho winter sol- atico. Unless it la concoivablo that this nice oriontation s the result of chauco—whick would be hard to bolieve—tho inferonoo is jus. titinblo that tho builders of Stonehonge ‘and othor rudo stono moaumeats of n like desorip-~ tion had a special design or objact in view in crecting these oromlochs or aircles, of what~ ever tho name antiquariaus may give thom, and that thoy aro really tho monilestations of the Bualistio or sun worship profossed by the oarly inimbitants of Groat Britam, & species of idol- atry at ono time also ‘universal in_ Ireland, aud to ‘which the round towors of that country amply tostify, This, of course, is roturning to tho opinion origiually entortained ns to the uso and purposes of thoso carly and widoly-seattor- -ed monuments, and is at total variance with tho opinion of go groat nn authority as AMr, James Ferguson, who, in bhis work entitled *Rude Stone Alonumentr in all Couutries and Ages,” disposos alike of tlio goologio antiquarian thoory which considors these stone monumonts as an avidouco of the progressive dovelopment of man Trom wrimeval suyagodom, as well as that which ascribed thir origin to tho Druids, whoto tomples thoy were supposed to be. If, according o Alr, Forguson, thoy wore tho hnatily-oracted tros Lica of victorios, and ses up by people wholived, Fll tho vory darkest opocl of onr Listory—viz,: from 400 A. D. to 900 A, D.—not the loast extroordinary characteristio, then, which Stone. hongo possossos 8 tho marvelous procision of its orientation, Ono cauuot help wondoring low, under such circumstances, this could have happoned, ; —_——— ‘Ihree Klundred Miles on o 'Twos-Inch as. . From the Davenport (la.) Gazetle, N ‘When the train from tho west rotled up to the Torry Btreot Dopot, youtorday, one of tho whool- souunders discovered a bulky ohjoct among tho bars and timbors of the forward truck of tho postal-car, At first ho could not toll what it was, but ho poked 1t with u stiok, whou it bont sldoways, and In & momont a human form oung orooping’ from bolund tho whools. Ho was so complately cavorod with dust that it was fmpoy- sible to toll whother ho was black or whito; but, aftor ho had wipad his face, e proved to boa colorad man. e got iute’ tho place whoro Lo was found at Brooklyn, 180 mileg west of thia olty, and all that distanco ke et on an iron strap not 2 inchos wido, with Lls back l?nlnnt tho uPrluhl at the centra of tho track, his body leaniug forward so that his head alwost touchad hia loga, which woro bont noarly double, and s Lund “rosting on a bar iu front of Lim. There ho rodo, subjoct to o continuous jolt, envelopad In cudloss whitls of dust, witk tho polting of Tittlo pobbles which constuutly fly upward whou a train 8 in motion. Whon asked how ho stood such & rido us that, he replied: "I doolar, Mis'r, it 8 tough, but 1'd a hold thur clar to Obleugo of yo hudu't fotched ma oune,” Thon It wan necortained thut on Thursdny nighe ho rode in that way rvom Councll Blufls to Brovk- lym, but was discovored st tho Iatler place, and mndo to give up s freo ride, lut ho watched iy chancon on Lriday night and rosumed ki Journoy, e e ~Jehu Daker, ox-ambor of Congress from this digtriot, wan martod last Laesduy to Mry, Mary W, Robortson, for sevorul yewrs post u vronunent Leachor in the publie kcliools of Bollue Vilow—dlon Letegraph, the | | THE GRANGERS. Ghtheting of Fivo Thousand Tafrons’ n Fort, Wayne, Ind, B Trial of Plows. |Address- by Mr, Billingsey, Edltor i of the “Indiana Farmer,” Spectal Dispateh to The Chicago Tribuna, | :Fonr Waxne, Ind, Aug. 9.—Tho Grangor movement in Northorn Indians has boon devol- oping in such a quict manner, hing boon conduct- 1 d with a0 much scorecy, and hea takon go litito PAlna to display Ite strougth, that fow wero awaro iof the " LARGE PROTORTIONS IT TAD ASSUMED, Until yostorday no publio demonstration had boon mado by the Ordor in tho notthorn part of tho Btato. Tho Oounty Councils held tholr monthly maotiugs, tho prococdings of which were conducted with tho utmost Booreoy ; and, boyond tho occasional notices in tho po- pors: ‘that o, now Grange lnd beon organized In'eome romote township, thero was absolutely nothing to romind the publio of tho oxistonca of such an Ordor in our midst, It has, spparently, takon no part in current polities: has given no publio expression on the gront. toples of thoday ; and its lending mombers in this part of tho Stato hold sloof from the *Ine dopondent Movoment.” Boyond making ovor~ tures to a fow of our jobbers and rotallers fora dlscount in koliing gooda to Grangora for caslh, tho Patrons of Husbaudry have dono noth- ing oxtornally to attract the attention of ‘people gonorally to thom a8 an organization, In'viow of theso facts, It 18 not surprising thnt it had become the custom to ridiculs the movo- mont, and to bollovo that it had no strength among tho agriculburists of this section of coun- try. Oflico-seckers hore have not frownoed upon thoso who hiad hay-seod in tholr inir, as in many other locnlitios ; .and our politiclans hinve not dovotoed so much of their attention to tho merits of Durham ateors, the bost mothod of Lilling potato-bugs, and other topics of o kindred na- ture, a8 in many sootions of tho Great Wost. imagine, thon, tho general astonishmont which wag oxpressed at tho sight of : FIVE THOUSAND GENUINE' GBANGENS AND GHAN- GERESSEH, B who assembled in & grovo nenr tho ¢ity, for tho purpose of having thoir first plenio, About o -o'clock thio Patrons mado their appesranco on -our stroots, hoadod by a_bruss baud from tho Viltage of Churubusco, Whitley County. Tho Patrons, as woll as- their wives and nflfldmu, woro. attired In full rogalia, sud rodo in wagons and convoyances of every description. 1Tho male regalis consisted of & brown m\s{: BuS~ ponded over tho-shoulder, with flowing onds, trimmod with crimson 3 an apron of brown and erimson, fous agricultural devicos stampod on tho bib. .Tho fomale Patrons woro whi flowing onds trimmed with crimson, cession, . which was OVER TWO MILES IN LENOTH, i -paradod tho principal streats, and procecded - thenco ta the grove which hnd beon solected for tho ocaasion, 1 mile gouthoast of tho city. Bofora tho procession hnd artived thiore, tha - grove was alroady filled with ' Patrons who had oome in from all directions. Boventoon Grangos from Allen County, and ns many mors from sjacent.counties, wore ropro- santed. Statistics which wore rund showed thut - tho firat Grange was organized in Allon County loss thau one yoar ago, aud now thoro are 1,600 malo Grangors within its limits, ‘Tho first thing in order was A TIUAL TEST OF PLOWS, which took place in an open field nenr the grave: Tho_ follow! n{; plows wero tested: The Reed stcel plow, Tort Wayne; tho Oliver patont clulled plow, South Liond, Ind.; the cnst-utecl and combiuation plow, Kendaliville, Ind. ; the cast-stecl plow, Bryan, O.; aud the Iichmond plow, Richmond, Tnd, Fa The trial was vory thorough, Iasting for aove oral hours, Tho judgos—Jokn MeLuin, B, 1, Groono, and 1, M. Andvows—raservod thoir do- cislon, At 12 o'alock the bnsketa woro oponod, and o foodly supply of provislons broughi 16 light, 'he entire assombiy engagod in dinuor at the Bame timo, aud dispatohed tho substantial viands preparad for their doloctation in & mannor whilch ndicated that ouo of tho distingulahing traits of 8 Grouger is the possession of a good appotite. A marked foaturo of tho day was tho entire ab senco of Jiquor of any kind from tho grounds, nono hoing allowed by tho rulex of tho Ordar, Haviog disposod of the rofreshmonts provided, THE REQULAR EXEROISEA of tho dny began. At 1 o'elucls, dr. Jncob Bap- ‘Ihe pro- pington, Uhief Marahal, callod the nésomblaga 1o order; aftor which au ode was ronderod by tho Grangor Gloo Club, componed of Indlus and gon tlomon from tho various Granges. 'The Rov, O, B. Fulton then mado an np})rupmtu prayor; and tho speakor of tho day, J. J. W, Billingsay, of Indianopolis, was introduced. Mr. Billingsey is editor of tho Indiana Farmer, tho Stata organ of the Patrons of Husbandry, aud is one of tho loading mon of the Ordor. His address was delivored In o plain, practieal msuper, and wad highly applanded, I(‘Iu wng pleased'to soe euch n Iargo nesembluga, and asice L What did this and other similnr gathorings signify? Ho proceoded to nunlyzo the menibap. ship of the Order, showing that it consistod of tho most substantial and valunble classes of tho community,—tho producers, Ona year ago, such o thiug a8 a Grangor wasnot known in Allen County ; now, thore arc n scoro of Giranges, with a momborship of near 2,000. Docs not thiy WONDERFUL UPRISING AND GLOWTIT monn somothing? Lhoro are many who sncor at this movemont ; who say that it is started and foatored . by domagogues for their own solfisk purposes; that it 18 whunfl political in its onds; sud that [k will soon vanish futo air, like n sum- mor-mist, Tho spoaker said thees carpers wero mistakon, Tho tillors of the soil, tho levalers of the foreats, the bono and sinow'of the coun- try, woro rising in _thoir might, and would soon exort that power n tho laud fo which thoy are ontitled by forco of their numbers, thoir charac. tors, and"the nature of tholr acoupations. IIe looked back upon tho past, aud sy groy-haired mon_around him who romombered whon Iu- disua's fertilo fiolds_woro covored with trackless forests; when they had to tuke their produce 100 miles to market; whon tho harvests' had to bo renped with old Dutch westhes, hummored and ound Leforo broakfast. o drew a conlast olwoon the condition of ngrioultural Inbor thirty years ago aud at the Trosout timo, ahow- ing whiat had boen accomplished by the intro- duaulnl;]n aud lludnp'fllfn url l(l]\bur—anvfng machinery aud tho spread of knowledgo amaong the tarming commuuity. Still, the work wag. & - ° {ARILg HATD AND ILL-MEMUNERATED and our sout aro disinolnod to follow 'the foot- stops of thelr fathers,—henca thoy ga to thia cities, seoking othor ocunrnklonu, ‘The publio gonorally did not appreciate the lifo of tho husbandman, ywhoso onrnings _ con- Bruct our railroads, build our ships, and do- velop the rosources of our country, Upon our growth and progress in agrionlture doponds our stubility na ' Qovernmont, Tl Aponkor looked forwaxd to groater progross in tho futuro than in the past amoug agricultutiats, since they uro now so generully” organized ngninst monopoly and opgression,” Ho pletared tho condition of tho averago Wastern furinor as docidodly un- onviablos saying that tho capitalists © who losnod thom monoy on tholr fatm nt 10 I)ar cont keep thoir nosos continually 0 tho grindutone. Ifo nlso nssorted thnt tho farmers, undor an unjust and unequal systom of taxation, wera compolied to sustain nn unduo share of the publio burdens, In relation to TILE QUESTION OF TIANSPORTATION, o donled that the Graugors intend to breal down the railronds, The radlrond compruivs owned 70,000,000 acros of Innd without taxne tlon, whilo evory mnu who owne u littlo farm 18 leavily tased for it. Theso corporations go through our lands, lmym;,' littlo for the right ot way thoy tako mlIllonn 6t monoy wmusliy from our pockets; sud oan wo nol protest? 'hoy mako unjust und oxtortionnts larims; and mugt we submit? - Thoy buy up our Biato Loglalaturon and Nutional Congress, for the purposo of oppressing uss and muut wo still koop silont? Thoy compbl thoir thousauds of omployos to vote as thoy dictate; and must wo nol oigunize for o T dofenso P o condemned in wtrong torms the prosont Protoetive Tariil as. TOULING THE WESTERN PARMER for the pm]mnn of ouriching the Lastorn manu« faoturor, 1lo fllustiatoil Its worlidugs by oiting the one articlo of salt, which overy farmer kod largoly, oud for which ho must pay threo” or four prices, for the purpusy of protooting & corrapt Ring, 1o aid uot appear - the _ intoroat of eithor the Xltupublican or Dewocsatlo ‘stuck tho mecdie in tho founco clous by. macla like a Magonic apron, with vari-' to sashes, with e paxtion, both of which wore nuomq‘ .E to sécuro, control of the Order. He thought tho Patrons of Husbandry held tho koy to tho politioal situae tlon, Thoy must stand flrm, broak down the rings, and clent off tho tablos, - Hooonclnded hin romarks by stating that the Qrangory did not desifo to control tho prico of prodries, o Lo combine ngalnat the rights of nny cluws of peoplo, He fuvored every lugitimato ofort to binld up manufacturon in the Vyent, wid thus erouto n oo matket, o thonght theas [lhlnmn Woro pleaant and profitable, and hoped hoy would bo held ofton, Ho closod by pradict- ing tho CONTINUED GROWTI! AND TROSPRIITY of T‘l‘xm Onlm;. h 0 oxorcides concluded with an ode by the Gloo Olub, aftor which tho CGrangors dlspniund. hnving loft n somowhiat onlarged impraossion of tholr atrongth upon the minds of the paoplo. As an fllustration of the opposition of the Grangors to monopolles of overy desoription, tho fact is montioned that 200 or 800 of thom drovo sovoral milos toward tho city on a tun- piko, and thon wont 3 milos out of tholr rond to avold paylng toll. 8. E M, A DOG-DOCTOR. Mo Sclentificnlly Extracts m Neodlo from the Neck of o Cnt, From the Wilminaton (Del.y Commeretal, Ono of the most remarkabio; instances of sa- gnclty and snimal reasoning—ror it is moro than nstinot—that wo havo over yot hoard of, took lico yostordny aftornoon at” tho rosidence of Whittlold Crawftord, soutlionstcornerof Rovonth aud Madison streots, in this oity. The prinolpal ratora In tho caso wore o lurgo dog belonging to Mr. Orawford, of the Bt. Bornardine tus }go o foundland braed, about 2 yoars old, who rendily answord to tho nnme of Carlo, and an ordinary domostio housg-cat named Dick, Bebweon tho two a stroug feoling of - friendship Las always existed, onch sharing the othor's meals, and at nlght ifim}:, spprocaling o soft bod, slvays oun g upon the top of oo natured frlnynd Umfin. g 5 B On Woduacsday last, on Mr, Orawford’s rotnrn from markot, ho out & ploco of frosh ment into small piccoa for Dick, but acoldentally a noedlo and throad lying close by got mixed up with the mont. 1'is poor Dick swallowoed, or attomptod to swallow, with the mont, but not snccooding, tho noadlo stuck fu his throa, from. which cause Lo of coursesuflored lutengely, and in his suffor- ing Lo biad tho entira sympathios of his friond Qarlo, . Like a skiliful phiysician, Carlo sot about discoyoriug tho sent of “tho disoaso, which ho fouud oxisted in Dick's neok. % After an apparont consuliation botween tho two, ono as pationt, tho othor ns dootor, Carlo commonced operations by licking Diok’s. nocl, tlio cat holding its hoad to ono sido to give Carlo | o fair ohanco. The licking oporation continnod oll day Thureday, and st intorvals during thio night, Oarlo oconslonally pausing to pross his tougua ngainat thonook of his foline friond, ns if tryiug to farce somesharp-pointedinatrumont on the insldo throngh tho oat's neok to tho outsido. Yostordoy the samo operation was continued by Carlo untilabout 4 oclook, whon ho.was scon with his wholo body quivering with exoltemont, trying fo catch gomothing with his tooth, in which he succeoded, and, gliving o suddon jork, . Lo pulled tho needlo through the hide of tho cat, whoe it hung by tho throad, which stil hold 1f frow tho inside. Tho romainder of tho opera- tion was porformod by n doughtor of Alr, Orawford, who pulled tlio thread through, and. The and, frisking his his shaggy sldes Loy of Catlo know no bounds, ushy tall about and rubblug agaisat bis master, hoshowod big full kuowledgo: |- of what ho had dono by going to tho cat and licking the wound in tho necls, and thon to tho ncodlo n the fonco, which ho oxamined vory minutely, Baying in nctions almost as plain ns words, *8eo what Idid." A son of Dr. Craw~ ford, coming home from his Iabor, was mob by Curlo, who turned and ran to whora the needlo was, and emelled it s if to_cxplain the case maroe fully to tho new comor. Wo noed only say, that thoso who doubt the truth of this statomout should call at tho place desi; dog, tho cat, the neodlo, and the wound In tho cut'’s neck cun all bo seen, Iho dog himaolf will oint out the needlo and give' evidenco of the ruth oz the forogoing facts as narrated. Dxploration of .the Indian Mounds Near Grand 1Eapids, From the Grand Rapids (lich.) Lagle, , Last weok o purly of noientifio mon from our cily, nusisted 'by soveral laborors, made Komao yory lulnmshimi archmological -- discoverics. Thoas interested in gcionce who had an active Ean in tle oxploratlons for sntiquities wore Supt. Danicls and Prof. Strong, of the ultx schools, and Capt, W. L. Coffiuberry, ° Ar, I A. Holeomb was nlso interestod in tho ro~ searchos. Copt. Coflinborry spont tho entivo week fu the work; br. Strong flve days, and Mr. Duniols ono day. They cxplorod covon of tho soventoen Indian'mounds in the vicinity of Mr, A, N, Nortow's farm, about throé milos Bouth of this city, talaug out all of the antiqui- tien found in each of the soven mounds. Thoy. found moveral slelotons In inzerosting Rtm{tiuns, and the usual quantity of flint arrow= onds and chips, Thoy also fouud soveral stringa of bonds; u quantity of bono mmple- ments—somo of thom spearlionds a foot long 3 soveral stoue implomonts, mostly axos ; copper implements, axos, necdlos, etc.—aone of the axes weighs o triffo more than a pound ; sevoral vases, drinking-cups, oto,, sovoral son-shells that bind boon carved slightly nnd wero used for water-veagoln or drinking-cups ; and two pipes, ‘Cho son-sholls wora very interesting from. the fact thut one of the spocios of sholls is found ouly on tho Pacitle Const, aud the others nre found on the Atlantio Coast, in tho Bonthern part of the United Btates, Tho shells hold o quart of water, and ovidently bad boon mado to suspend by cords or thongs, elther for earrying or unging In the wigwams of the aborigines, 88 thoy hud holos at tho onds, . Tho pipes were #pocially interesting, Ono of them is o flucly- carved placo of founil coral, and the othor’is s piece of groon, trap-rock, very fiuely wrought, - Othor intorosting specitnens ‘woro discovored, ‘I'hoy aro all to bo carofully proserved. Archwols ogists of tho country bave boon ivvited to ex- amino thom nnd tell the resultof their obaor-' Other mounds in ‘this vieinity aro to’ yationa. be explored. —_— Capturc of o Sca«Monstor Near Adlnus e City, From the Philadelphia Pre Quite an oxeiteniont ws producod at Atlantio” City, N, J., Inst Saturdny, by tho arrival at the landing in tho inlot of & Ushing-sloop, having on bowrd veritablo goa-monster, which the oldost fishormen and watormen are at a loss to deline, 1t is of tho turtle apocies, with a hoad similar to 8 cow, with whito spots on tho top, The body is black in color, and, from honose to the tip of tho tail, G foot lobg. It hos four Gulos or flippern, and is 5 foot 7 inohios in broadth, Tho diamotur of tho body {8 214 feot. It i esti- mated that ite woight Is about 700 pounds. Tho moustor hos boon seon in tho nighbor- hood for two or three jweoks past, and nu- merous fishormen had” at diffecont times pursued it with durts aud epoars, endgavoring to cavtureit, Ou Friduy, nbont 6:30 o'alack, Capt. Dau Champion. aud’ crow cust n largo soino off Brigantine 8hoals, about fivo miles aut at sea, aud’ wore successful in gotting tho auimal ontwined In tho meshos of tho not. A rope and tacklo wora slippod undor it body, and it was, ralsed futo the sloop aud dfigoshud in tho hold, whoro it was kopt until Saturday aftornoon, whou the ropo uud tuckle were again oalled 1uto raqui-- sition, and the monstor Lransforred to & largo: batteau, and fnally placod in a tub, which Lnd to bo built for tho puposo, noar tho Now Tulot Ilousio. Lhero it was vinited durmg the day by hundreda of porsons who oxprossed tho greatost surpriso at seciug what may truly be termed o wonder, and which will "uo doubt engago tho attenlion of zoologsts and showmen. prl el e b The Old Americun Aristoornoys The most marked foaturo of Colontal wocloty was it uristooratio character,. Our sncertors brought with thiom the notions of rank nnd pro- codonve which provailed at home, aud evon in thoso Colomes whieh, ltko tho Now Engliud, wera cslabliskod on u democratio basis, the ariu- tocratio feoling of the suporiors was almost an strong a8 iu the foudal Houth and Now York. Custom gavo privileges which -the laws did not rocoguize, and & compnrativoly fow fumilios monopolized ofeinl dignitios, Jolu Adam, for fustanco, wontions Ut tho Ohandlar fumily “ongrossied alnost all the publio ofticss and onie ployment in tha town and county” of Worcess tor, Mass, Lt 8 woll kuown how the Hatcl gon kin filled the chlef places of publio ty, in that proviuco, In New York the Delancoya and Livingstons woro suid to bo *the two gront familiea upen whoso motious all their politics tarn.” o aristgortio spivit of tho Virginlan magnates is poworful to this duy, InSouth Cars olinn tho gentry, wo nre told, Woro moro numer- ous than i uuy othor Colony in North Amorica, o was common to uee kovaral ofticos In cho handa of u nlu,‘Ilo porvon, who porhups waa Culonel of Ailitiy, Judgo of Probato, Jfustico of the Poaco, motmber of tho Logislative body, &0, The Colo~ niul famihos, howover, wero compollod to shoro such distinotions with tho favonitos of courtiors, A dignitary of Now York, writiug In 1704 of tho low “rate of judloinl sulsrios, whioh wora not onough to tempt an ablo ']u\vyur o leave his ruotico, foars that if thoy should bo 1aised ‘gomasourvy follow , ., would by oranuned upon the Uolony hecaune his Jntton did not know Whav olyo to do with him,"—2he Galazy, ated, whero the |- OHIO. elatlon at oharges: not exconding In gross the chargos for tho samo olnss and n.m%unt g: trana= riatlon in tho samo direction to any moro dis~ | <t fpo rnnt station.” Bondw and stooks shall ot bo fe Tho Proposed Now Conetitue tion. A Synopsis of Tts More Important Provisions, h Indicatfons that Xt Will Be Adopted Ly a Large Majority, Minority-Representation, Rafllrond-Ald, and Liquor-Licenso, to Bo Sule miited to a Separato Vote. Corveapondencs of The Chicage Tribune, (OINOINRATI, Aug, 8, 1874, The Obllo Stato Constitutional Couvontion completod its work ot Clucinnatl, May 14; and tho Constitution is to be submittod to tho'poopla and votod on Aug. 18, As thore aro many propositions of gonoral merit, it may bo woll to givo a running skotoh of some of tho moro im- portant sootionas - Tho Bill of Righta has an enumoration of tho rights and powers of tho pooplo, one of tho im- portant eoctions bolng Beo. 6, which deolaros tlat Thero shall bo no slavery in tho Btato; nor involuntary sorvitudo, unlosa for punish- mont of orime.” . 3 8 Tho most prominent scction, Lowever, ia that dofuing : ; TNE DIGAT 7O WORBHIR Almighty God nocording to the diotates of con- Belonco: No religious tost shall bo roguired a8 & qualification for office; nor shall any por- 80n bo incompotent to bo & witnosa on' account of his roligious boliof, Roligion, morality, and knowlodge belng assontial to good Government, 1t shall be tho duty of the Gouoral Assombly to.| paes suitablo laws to profoct overy roliglous de- nomination in the noaseable onjoyment of its aued by any eorporation, oxcopt for money or Praperty actually rocoived, or iabor done; and all fotitious increaso of stock or Indsbtodness l!m" o vold, “With such doolarations in tha Constitutlon, it wocinn alunst mpossible for any corparation or eompuny to iudulgo in watoring btuelts MISOELLANEOUS, Loglelativo apportioument uud roprosentation shall bo mado avery ton yonrs, Tho population :of the Btato, a8 nscortained by the Fodoral cons sus, shall bodivided by 105, aud the quotiont slisil bo the ratio of roprosontation In the Lowse of Rtapresontntives for tho miccocding ton yonrs. No porson who may boreaftor fizht s duol, na= slat 08 sccond, sond, nacept, or carry s challongo, shall Liold any ofilco in the Btato, Lotterios, and tho salo of luuarrunkula, for any purposo, shall forever bo prohibited, natitutions for tho benoflt of jtho insano, both ourablo and inourablo, tho blind, and tho donf and damb, shall n.lwnlya bo supported by tha Btato. An asylum for {diot{o nnd imbecilo youth, s homo for soldiora’ and sailors orphans, and a girls’ industrial homo, slinll bo suppoctea o long 84 tho Goneral Asgombly may deown thom nocoge BOTY. = 55 FIEE TASSEN. ‘Whilo tho disctission Is alive s rogarda gifta and froo pagscs, whathor it bo a nwnalon for Ulysscn; tho elorgyman's coupon, * Lass this man freo;” or tho wordo featuro of what in known_ s the * gowgo pame,” it fs intoresting ?v;and this decided statoment in Sco. 6, Art, ) ' No poraon olectod to the Gonoral Assombly, or to a Convention or Commission to roviae, nl- tor, or amend tho Constitution, or clected or ap~ appoiuted to any judicial or luoralive Btate or gounty otlico, ahiall, from tho timo of his cleca tiou or appolnumont uutil tho ond af tho torm of such oflico, knowingly accopt from a raflroad or traveportation compnny any froo pass, gift, or commuted gorvico, not offerad to the publio," SOIEDULE, Appondod to the Conatitution wo find a Schod- ule containing throo distinct propositions, which itis intonded shall be submitted to tho olectors for a doparato voto, Theso nro minority-ropro- ‘Bontation, raiirond-ald, snd concorning d!u tralllo in intoxicating liquors, MINORITY-REPRESENTATION, Tho principles involvod in minority-ropresonts ation aro to bo tested only in the olcction of Judges of tho Bupremo snd Circuit Courts, Tho gxnpoumon is, that, “In overy clection for udgos of tho Snprome and Cireuit Conrls, whoro own modo of worahip, and to onccurage sohools | $1roc ox moro aro to bo chosen of the uama and the means of instruction.” At 3 relatosto - ) LEQISLATIVE FOWERS. Both Benators and Roprosentatives are to bo- elocted bionnislly, each member’s torm of offico’ continuing two years. It la roqurired that Ben- ators and Ropresontatives resido in tholr ro- spectiyo countios nnd diatriots for ona yoar pro- coding thoir eloction, and shnll continue thera 88 residonts during thoir'term of office. All Ppersons holding offico under authority of tho Unitod Btatos, or any luorative offico undor tho authority of the State, aro ineligiblo to sontsin “thio Gorieral Assombly, Persons intorested in & oontract with, or unadjnsted olaimn agaiost, the' Btato, are also rondered Inoligible. Embozzlors of public funds shall not hold ofiice i the State.’ In order to scouro . TONEST LROTELATION, : it {8 required that * No bill ghall contaln mora than ona subjeot, which shall bo clearly oxprossed Inita title.” _ Aluo, *no Senntor or Reprosonta- tive ehnll, during tho torm for which he shall e beon eteoted, or for ono year thereaftor, be appointed to any civil officonnder tho laws of tho Btate which shall e croatod, or the emoluments of whioh shall bo {ucrensed, duriug _such torm.” OANGE OF SALANY. - Apropos of "galary-grab* comos in tho clause praviding that *The Gonoral Assembly shall not oxtoud tho torm 6f offico, or chango tho enlary, foos, or compensation, of any poraons eleoted or appointed to ny oflice or position, after auch porson ahall huvo boon eloctod or appoinied.” In tho samo voin runs another sootion, whioh romds : **The membora of tho Genoral Asgomlly sball recoive a fixed annual salary and mileago, to be prosoribed by law, and no other nllowance or Pporquisites, elther 'in tho payment of postage or otherwigo.” * - Whon members aro unnecesanrily absent from sho tcaslons of the Assombly, ratabls deductions ghall bo mude from -their salaty. No changa in tho compeneation. of membora shall tako eifect durlug their term of office. The Minnesota Congregsman,itho ona_Whoss carpoi-bag wag checked away down in Maine, the one who com- monced the orcotion of n fine mausion on tha strongth of that innocent increase of ehokols known among tho paoplo s tho salaty-grab,” would find it consistont with bisayowed principles to sfump the Commonwenlth ugainst such * mod- era ideas™ ng thouo clanses imply. * 'Tis m: vocation, Hal; tis nosin for a man o labor in his vocation,” . L'o doprive the Buckeyo loglalators of TOSTAGE-STANDS 88 0 tattor of roform, sscws o mero bagnatollo ; but, whon ivo soe tho other ovils that oluster arouud saoh's custom a3 froe postago, this itom bacomes important as a bulwark against tompta-~ tlons to ensy cousciences. Indeod, it sooms to bo the dctorminalion of the framors of tho Constitution to fortify on all sides gaingt cor~ ruption. = 2 ELECTORS, Evory male cltizens of the United States, of tho ago of 21 years, who shall havo beon o rosie dont of tho United Stales une yonr noxt proced- fug tho oloction, shnll ba eutitled to voto at all eleotions. = Eleotors in the nctual military sorvice of tho United Btutos, or of the-Stato, may exerciso - the right of suifrage at such places and under &uch rogulations as shall bo proscribod by lsw. As regards womnu-suffrage, nothing comos noarer’ than tho followin such qualifications a8 to ngo, citizonihip, au rouideuco, a8 muy be prosoribed for olcétors, shall bo eligiblo to'any oflico undor the solools Inwe, oxcept that of Btats Commissioucr of Come mon Boliools,” Gladstono enys that, if womon sro allowad o voto, thoy will,” from the natura of the case, bo callod to till ollices, * Bo, if women wro allowed to hold oftico, thoy Burely ought to ba allowed to havo * their sny " about it. If this logio be acoording to Whately, the' Constitution- mukors of Ohlo sco * wwonders in tho skios.” TUBLIC LANDS. The funds arising frow tho salo or other dig- position of lands and othor proporly gruutod or utrusted to the Btate forroligious or educational purposes shnll forever bo presorved inviolato und undiminishod ; the incomo of which shull bo Zaithfully applied to she spocific objects of tho grant, 1t is furthor provided thut **No roligious or othor sect shall have exolusive right to, or gz:n‘tnfl of, any part of the echool-fuuds of. the Stato. g L TUDLIO DERTH, . The wholo tenor of Art. 8 is anti-ropadiation, It cousidera tho fuith of the Stata as p! edged for the payment of its public debt, and provides for such regulation of county and tomm&xlp debts ag shall, in n great mensiro, provont towns nnd villages from overbuidonivg themselyes with debts contracted by loaning thoir cradit, It is oxprosaly doclarnd that **‘Uhie oredit of the Btuto shull not bo given or loaned to, or in aid of, any indiyidual nssoclation or corporation ; nor shail tho Btato becoma n stookholdor or pare_ownor in any compauy or Asociation.” Also, * The State shall nevor assumo any dobt of a county, township, mfi town, villago, or corporation, unloss such oDl aball havo bocn oreated to ropol invasion, suppross insurraction, or defond tho State in timo of war,” ‘The indebtedncssof munioipal corporutions shnll nevor oxcood, in tho uggro- gulo, b per contum of tho value of the property within such corporation, without tho consont of al loast threo-fonrths of 'all tho eloctors of such corporation ; aud in no case shall euch Indebted- nons oxeood 10 por eontum of tho taxable propor- ty. All thebo provisious ars intended to proteos towns and villagos from baukruptoy oecasioned by loaning thewr credit to mauutdotuving and rallroad sorporations. . RAILTIOADS, Tt {s provided that o ofticor of agont of n rail~ roud oompany looated in the Stato sholl bo inter- ostod, directly or indiractly, 1 tho rocoipts, con- tracts, or aarnings, of nuufmmnpmy othorwise than as an ordinaty shippor, stockbaldor, bond- oreditor, or employs; mor in any arraugomont which ghull aftord more advautngoous toris or preator fucilitios than ars olferad and accorded *Woman, having” o the publie, Bee. 10 Iy of some uterest in viaw of tho prescnt disoussion on BAILIOAD MONOFOLIES, na indienting thio gist of public sontimont In Obio: ** No 1uilrond compuny shall coysolidate with auothor having a line’ parallel or compating with its own, or louso, purchase, or cuntrol suc! lo ; aud no ofllcoy of n rmlrond compauy shall aot as on oflicor of any othor compauy owning or controlling u parallel or eompating line ; nud uo railvond compuny shall do “husiness in this Htato which shures its onrniugs in any wannor with a company nwnlnlx or mmtrnlllu;" A paraliot or competing line within this Stato,” The Assom- bly s empowared to ** correct abiscs aud pro< ventunjust disorisination aud excossive chargos by railrond companles tor trunsporting froght aild pussougorn,” * Porwons aud proporty tratse portod over any railroad slull bo arrled “to any Court, and for the samo torm of eorvico, no .oloctor shall voto for a groator number of oandis dates than a majority of tho Judges of mucly Court and torm then fo bo choson.”~ 1t will ba soon that this is not the simon-puro type of mie nority-raprosontation, but that 1t bears tho n %nnmuno of reatrictivo ropresontation. It will, owover, to somo extent, prevout concentration of votes on any one individual, Theo proposition relating to TATLIOAD-AID. 40 moro important in its beuringa. Itisas fol. lows: “Tho Genoral Assombly muy suthoriza any township, city, or_incorporated” villge, ta aid any railroad compnny In tho construction of itsroad, within tho Btato, subjoct to the followa Iniruumuunm: No subscription, loan, or cone tributions, for such purposcs, shall be nindo, un- lons authorized, at an olection hold in pursuanco of law, by at lonst two-thirds of all tho aloctors of such township, clty, or villago, to be ascor- tained in such manner a3 may bo proseribod by Inw. Nor shall such aid ba granted until tha townekip, city, or "vlllngs, granting the samo, shall Liavo adeguate scourity that the voad so aided will s compleled. At such election, no [mnon alintl voto who shall® not have resided in ho township, city, or villago for slx monthy prior thereto, No such olection shall bo hod until tho part of tho roud upon which tho ox- pendttirs s to bo made hina boon located and eo- ablished, wor oftnor than onco o year; nor shall aid bo vated to more than ono railrond at any olection. 'This order for election shall BpeCi- 1y all the conditious of such loan, subscri tion, or contribittion, the cousideration proposed to ba givon therefor, tho estimated cost of tho pro= lwued work, the means sccured for its comples fon, aud tho part of thae work on which the pro- osed subgcription, loan, or contribution is to 0 oxpended. Proviston may bo made by law for the issuo of stocls or bonds for tho smount of auy such subscription or lonu ; but 1o {owna &lip, city, or village, shall be linbo for tho dohta of tho company, Lo obligation of & township, city, or village, inourred for such purposo, sholl not bear groator intorest than 7 per centum per snnum, nor shall tho aggregnto theroof at any ‘time oxceed 5 per centum of tho valo of tho property af such township, city, or villnge. Tha nggregate of taxos lovied by n townsliip, city, or vnl?nga. to pay snch obligitions snd intorest, shall in 10 your oxcond 1 per contum of suck value,” This it o vory enrofully-worded propotie tion, and covors a gproat denl of ground. ‘Tho third proposition is of paramount intercst at this tmo.” Whothor or not LICENSE shall bo given todealers in tho liquor-trafie, fs a auestion of groat momont. Whe propusition favoring licnso is, that * Liconuo to tratlio in apirituots, vinous, or malt liquors, under suclt regulations and limitations as shall be prosoribed Dy law, may bo grantod ; but this soetira whall not provent tho Genoral Aesombly from passing lawa to Tostrict suck traflie, and to componenta injuries resulting therofrom.” 'Cho counter- proposition ig, ** No liconso to traflio fn intosi~ cating liquors shail be granted ; bu tho Geuer- ol Assowbly may, by law, restrain or prohibit such traffic, or proyido against ovils resulting therofrom," - Ta other words, the liconso clause establishea things vory much as they are. It secures tha provisions of tho Adair lnw, and, in & gonoral way, places tomporauce mon awd liguor-doalers on tho suma relutive footiug as nt present. Itg groat objection is, that it countenances n pras- tico that is morally bnd, It Is virtunlly, as with tho 8t. Louis ordinance, a liconse to wickeduons. ‘Pho anti-liconse olauso s n long slep in advanca in tho tomporanco movemont. It ampowers tha Asgembly.to pass siringent prohibitory luws, which is an indication of” the influence tho Cru« #ndo has Lind upon tho nssumbled Coustitutions mukers. By (s, Claxb 1S, aon that, whatovor olufi may bo cousidered lawful, Licouro of evil ig nol Aany of the tomperance peoplo in Ohio feax tho pasaage of the tormer, tho liconso elnuso,— thiuking that 1t will provont ull vefornmtory lega sslation in that direction for twenty years ta come. Thisueems & nusconception of the means img of tho clauso. Tlho soction may bo auiended ab any timo, 'Iho traflle muy be restricted, nud Jaws prssed allowing compeusation for ull inju- Tios sustained, n Thko iudieations aro that the Coustitution B TUL R AMEIED. by a Jargo majority,—very little opposition hay- iuyg mm:fimnu?lix,n . With tho praposiiions ta Do submitted for suparato voto, the samo cannot bo enid. The so-culled minority-reposoutation proposition docs not excite nuy Herions opposi= tion, inausutich a8 it 6 in tho natura of an ox- porimont simply. All Lho opposition contrer sbout the other twe propositions, notubly abont ho liconso cluugo. Thoro is vomothing of a feol- ing oxcited againgt railronds in Ohio, o Ju othor Wostaru Stutos, und the voto against ale lowing radrond-nd will uu(luuhtmlli' Do lurgo, though_Lardly sullicfgnt to defeat tho propoyis tlon.” There Will Do s close coutlict over tho liconso question. 1w Crusade Las atfocted ovory corner of the Binte, and whoress, nino months ago, a liconsa-proposition would have swopt tho State, now itsisoms rather doubtful. Tha moral geptiment of the peoplo is wrouscd, and tho work ot ghe ludivs has opened the fleld for tho men fo bLettle vith this evi with aimilar onthusinsm at the polls, Thc country commungtics Ao strongly auti-licons It iu ditliculy to azeovtain unytlung about {lu voto thas tho citiny, towus, and I Places, viti cast, thongh indicxtions aro that heenun will re coivo wajorilios In many of thow, Shuuld ihe livense clauss pacs, thoro is uo ned for discd sgement on tho purt of tompotancs ,mnp[.», i Nhflulll the probibition elnuka bo ndopted, ther will ha oceasion Lor greas tojuloiug, Bur o SR Bl ¢ Mo Gt A rosidont of New Ifuvon has yiven up etery. fbout travel. Not loug sgo, hwving oceavion o visit New York, he stavted for tho sicumer's Tanding, with n enrpob-sack in ono hund and cave in the’othor, in whut ho hllp[‘uflml to b awplo time. But when ha eame within sight v the wharf ho olserved tho bost appnventiy swingimg away from Lor moorugs, and aniid the slioyrs ana Jeers ol tho bystauders ho brolo in to n frautio run for tho liuding. Thoe boat wae 4 or 10 :faot from tho whart whon bo renesod the hlnco iy 10r0 ho bud hoped to ind & gang-phk ‘mt pothidng daanted, und trusting to the mo montun avquited during tho run, he loaped intc tho air uanf guined Lo vorsol's doek. Nov with out aceldiat, hos v, Tho eirpet-bag strue! ono pausanger 80 viulontly in the stomaoh tha ke doublal up like a Jack-knifo, nad nimorboé w whole fasfc of brandy gotting straightont out, while tho cune ntruck another man in th fneo withs suiliclont fores to induco himto go down on Jus knces to Jook aftor hin hat, Wl ho had veoiivewod it, tho man who hnd ocensionn) all this counutution enid to him, o tonn 4 minglod apalogy nnd solf-congratulation: *Wel! nndo f0[" “Yes, you dul,” wuid the sore hondod pasaangor, * bit, yon old fool, this bud '’ goIng oYk, tlv's comwg in! " N.