Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 8, 1874, Page 9

BELGIUM, A§keteh of tho History of the Country, ono’ ‘of;_ Ithia'_' ngp' ‘Progperous Paoples in’ Europe. A Model Governmont, Established by Leopold T, Enormons; Byvelgpment, of “Conl; Tron, and Otlior” Mafufacturing Tnterests, Froe Trade Discovercd {0 Te tho Best ¢ Protec(ive Tarifl» Tha Government. System of Rall ways and Telegraphs, How .the People. Wero ‘Ralsed from Pauperism to Inde~ pendence, The Eic'y ) rions Real-Estdte Fover, Antwerps--What, It Ts, YWhat It 1fas Been,. aud ‘What It Might Nave Been. Bpecial Correapondence of The Chicaso Tribun. w4 Moty Biiveetrs, July 10, 1874, Looking at & map of Buvope, Belgiun appoars to bo a emall triauglo of. torritory clipped from the'north end of Fraveoe; and waturally belenging to it, a8 in fact it did for many couturies,—at Ienat n portion of It, - Durlng thé five centurles of tho Romiin ‘oceitpation of France (Gaul it was then ealled), tho. Province of Bolgium was in- corporated with Gaul, -After tho expulsion of tho Tiomans from Gaul, the Burgundin®s seizod Enst~ ern Franco, Including Bolglum. Thoir Ringdom Tasted o century, but was ultimatoly merged in THE EAMNE OF THE FRANES, who eubjugated, in tho lattor part of the sixth oud first part of tho seventl conturles, the whole of Gaul, and bestowed onitthe namoof Francis, which it has rotafned over slnco. Tho Franks wero uot singlo uation, but a confederation of cugnnte Teutonio tribes, who-lived on tho" oast sido ‘of ° tho Rbine and along tho banlus of ' ths Méusc and tha Seholat, oceupy- ing tho foritory now cilled Enstern Holland and ‘Weatphalia and tho Ardennes Mountaing, They wora known to tho Itomuns i Juliug Crsm's timo db‘Nervii; Menapii, 'Balil,” ¢tc,,” and fonght sovernl despernto bittles before succumbing to the * Mistress of the World,” “Freuch historians i the poriod of Louiw X1V.- tried hard Lo ostab- Tish the fiction that the Franks wore Gauls, an it oxplalnod sway the'conquest of Gaul by the Gar- man barbarihng in tho sisth cerifury,” and made Clovis, tho "founder of the Royal dynusty of “Franco,” to' bo of Gaulish blood and orijin, But a subsequent and moro candid oxamination of tho historichl ‘quistion’ establisiied tho morti- fying fact that tho * Fraiks " woro KOTHING BUT TEDTONS, and that they conquored ‘all of- proud Ganl, and imposed upon it their name and a rniling dy- nasty. It is'n curioits ns well ns interesting fact of ‘history, that, ‘st vory meatly tho esmo period whon tho' Germans of ‘Wesiphalia,’ ‘undor - tho npamo of TFranks, wero overrunning Goul and ostablishivg them.’ molvols théroin"s its fiituro ritlors,'othor branches of tho samo_family of ‘Toutons, known as # Angles- and Saxons," from the coitntry nest nortiyof Westpbalin, now called Ifavovor and Tolstein, were invading, congnering, and colo- nizing tho "Romian Provinco ‘of South Britain, and imposing ou it their own name of * En- gland.” 1t was, therefore, tho Germans of Prussis who' couqiered France and: England, giving » namo and o dynnsty to the one, and a Inngunge as well ns o djnasty to the othier. Belgum continued to belong to Fianco and ber independent feudal nobles until the yoar 1364, when Xing John ‘erected the Proviuco of Burgundy, ‘iunc’'uding ‘tho major part of Bel- giuw, into a'Dukedom, and bostowed thom upon his youngest sud favorite son Philip, after- wards caolled “tho Bold,” “Ie gave s n roaton for this foolish act, thet the grant was made in recompense of ‘tho Princo's cotirago anid dovation'in dofonditg ‘his father's lifo at tho disastrous battla of Doitiers, whero tho French army wes routed by the British wi- dor {16 "Princo of Wales;'did the King and his son wer both takon prisoners and carricd off to’ Evgland, but aftersvarda' raneomed and liberated, {FOR THE NEXT TWO CENTUNIES Belgium belonged to the Dukes of ‘Burgundy. Then it -fell *irto ' tho*hands’of the Spaniards under Charles V. ; and, during tho reign of his son, Philip 1L, tho northorn or Flemish portion ot Belglum meda common eruso with Holland for 1ho assortion of political Jiberty, But, as the struggto Eoon nssumed s religlous cliaracter, tho Belgiang, who wero mostly " Catholics, after muking & focblo resistanco againet Spanish tyc- anuy, witbdrow from tho alliauco with the Dufcl, who wero mutnly Protestants, aud repluced their necks, mookly under thoe Asp‘au}gh yoke, sud tamwely continuad to wear it. until Bolgium, o coututyluter, feil iuto tho hintids of Lo Austria, {0 whom unyesistingly thoy tranaferred thoir al: | legiruce, ond con! , undor tho rule or'tho Iapsburgs until their country was yeclamed by the FPrevch in 1792 undor, Gen, Dumowiez, who routed. the Austrigug. at ihe Daltle of Jem- mnpes,—thoy never stopping their rnjnm rotreat beforo the keen pursuit of tho * Tted Ropubl ans " until thoy hiad erassed tho thine uenr Co- logno, The Dritish, who lad dispatehed an urimny to tho asslstanco of the Anstriyus, did, not wait_to Lo dofeated, but, **swenring (orribiy in g & Flindors,” fled_pracipilitely to thoir bhips, aud sniled liomo, budly domoralized, gnd lunded amidst the jeors and curses of tho populace, Tor the next twonty-iwa yoars Bolzinm con- stituled, an intogral “portion of tho T'ronch na- tion ; but in 1814 it was tora from I'rauce by tho Alliod Powors, and i 5 UNITED THE NEXT YEAR WITI HOLIAND, agnpart of the Kingdom of the Nolherlands, Which Kingdom was Kepl, togethor Alceon yeurs by tho pressuro of swrrounding Luropé rather than by tho principlen of interunl cobosion. Tho Belgiats diffored from tha Duteh ingwo esnontinl points, which mado & cordia) union impossiblo : 1. The majoritv of them wero Fronch i, race, Innginage, Teoling, aud literature. 2. Almost all of thom 'wero llomar Cutholics ; Whercns tho Dutch. wero.mostly Lrotestants in’ roliglon, und nearly all of Toutonio origin, and {heir lunguago and literature ,was_ossentlally Gorman,,. Tho Tlomjugy, who ocouplog the niddle ternitory bo- twoen the Teutonic Dulch on the north and the Trench Belglans on tho south, . woro nob suf- ficiontly powerful or intluential to hold togothor by forco or rocongile by suasion thoso -oxiramen, ‘Yhe incrensing antipathy of tha Fronch Bolgians towardy tho Duteh sinally found opportunity for rovolt i 83 when, the Frovch | upset Chorlos X. and scated Lows, Ihilippo on the throme. Upon the fimst ‘nows of tho explosion gt Pars, an insurrcction broko ont i DBrusgols, whiah qulch)?' #pread -oyar_all the ]:‘:unuh‘:]iu(nclgi of Belglum, while cho, I'lemisl ortlons romained passive, A Frouch ‘army of 0,000 mep, undor Mayshal Gerard, helpedtho Belgiang to drive out the Duteh nnd captuzo the important stronghold of Autworp. Aftor ngal- lont coutest against overwhelming forco, tho Dutch wero compelled to ACKSOWLEDOE TiY, INDLIENDENCE OF DELOJUM, and surronder Angwerp togothpr with & consid- erabla strip of Flomish territory which uaturully sud bistorieally helonged to Iollund, " g In all the history of Bolginm, fyom tho doys .| 1mportsof tho country, thefnstor would Belginm to whom thoy sorvilely. submitted. TFrom this gouoral ~ atatoniont mudt ‘Lo exoqptol tho'burghors of tho old Flomlah-Dutch cltios of Brugea, Ghont; Antiverh) Yprde, nnd somo othe ora,“whiclt contendod for their spocial priviloges nd muniolpinl monopoties with Aroat marémacl.y. Tut, in, consequonca of the ylolding, unroslsting chatnofor of tho Belgians fii” goutral, thelr ioun- try for riinhy contutles {ray thio scone of Coutis | hontnl \ars, & 'mo1o arcnh of “cotnbat for sur- rounding nations. It has boen wall called : *UTIE COCKPIT OF EUROPS:,” The country is covered with Dnttlo-flelds,—the lagt obo ‘of soto _uln% that of Walarloo, on \ehitcl acenslon the Dolginii troops; according to British \n'rllnrn,voxhllg!lml Hm'whrtn fonthor. ‘Wil Belgium ig dostituto of n lilatory onlou- Inted to inspivo its inkmbitanta olther. with much prido or patriotlsi, and possosics no litaratura oxcept thiat borrowed from tho Fronch, thora ia no " more promperoud 'people in Hiropos nowhors o comfort’ mors” -oqually dif- fused, and wealth mors- gonvrally distributod; or poverty and wrotchodness loss folb or known, Nowlioro fs industry morg, oquitably royarded, tho lawd wiser or*Defter ‘administored, or tho peoplo more oatlsfiell Fith Lholr” conatitutions. ' THE LATE KING LEOPOLD I, ° tormarly Prineo of Haxo-Coburg, and marriod to 4 dauglter of Louis Philippo, . is outitled to much of tho cradit for tho” remarkablo prospor- ity which existis in Bolgium, althoiigh whit wos, douo ‘by the Ironch Itovolution must niot bo underratod or overloskod. ' Leopold sot- him-" 80lf about'ostablishing .the model Qoyernmont of Burope, and doveloping tho gront minoral rosonrcos of bia littlo IKin- lom. “Who form of Govornment; adopted was_ I publican in all es- scntinl pacticnlas. 'Tho Senato, as woll as the Iousa of , Ropronoiitat i electod by iho pooplo iu oqual elugle districts, Upon tho pay- mont of asmall propotty-tax, ovory mgn may Mho _Cabinot_ is mada *xesponsibla to the Tarliament ;; but, the ~Ring ks tho veto-power, and also the ' power to” dis- tho Parliamont upon thg advico of his -'} Ministers, who have o right to an appenl to Bm,#ge!; Ruf;in’g of o Fu- | the peoplo whon they *‘loél horus ™ with the Leggialative Body. ' Tho thunlcipal cliorlors were algo “roformed, nnd o multitude: of “apecinl privilegos'and dulons mouopiotios, whioh roatrlet-" ed trade nud hampored freedom of agtion, wero awopt awny,. ‘The Govormment of Jclglum' in muny réspeots cloably resombloy” the State Gov: ernment of Mubgdchusotts or-New York, from whoteforms’ Lioopold ovidently conled frooly; whila, i othor respocts, Lo imitated tho Duitisly, Constitution. e B ko members of. the popular branch of the ‘Logisfaturo réceivo a8 nalnry $46 por month dur- ing tho sossion ; biit:thosa resident in Brussels, wwhore tha Chawmbor sity, recciva nothing:' They aro “elocted for foar years,—ouc-fourth going n‘ut evory “year, 'Tlio' Sonatois, “who aro elected | for™ ‘eight * yoars,—one-cighth ' an- nually,—rocoivo no salary, They arcrequired to Do at Toass 40 yenrs of 2, and to pay nob loms than 8420 of dir ! nnual taxes, A FREE-S0100L BYSTEM is ostablished, and supporled partly. by 'munigl-" al taxes anid pactly llev approprigtions frow «tho | Natioual 'Treasury, Until of late years, popular education’ was vory backward. -Forty yoars ago the Belgiany woro among tho mostignoraut peo- plo in Burope. Tho clorgy have not favored odu- cation of tho mneses, and whint hoadway has been tiindo by the fiionds of popular education, s beon accomplished in dofluand of them, Leopold L died in 1865, aftor o remarkably Buccessful reign ol thirty-live yeara, 11issou, Laoopold 1L, is not a5 abio & man a8, his fathor, pul is porsonally niore popular and aflable, an mixés more’ among’ the people, ontering into thoit fcelings, wnd oxhibiting » greator interest in tletr soeinl and domestic sf¥aics than hismoro nustere and reserved progenitor, 1lo is, also | Toudor of painting, statuary, and music, and i nuich 1ore a pairow of tho iino arts that was Lis father. 'I'ho ono foundod and built; the otbor ombollighes. . - ! R It was throigh the old "King's influenco that tho coal and iron business bocame 80 onormously dovoloped s il is e ', ' BECOND ONLY TO TIIAT OF. ENGLAND, thore was ‘mined’ 14,000,000 tons of conl, of whicli 4,600,000 'was oxported to Holtand, Tranee, aud Gormany,—chiofly to' the form nud 'froin the sule of which iag realized §22,- 000,000 R e S Tlobween Ais-la-Gliapelle, in Drussin, .and Charlarol, in France,—u distanco of porhaps 90 1niles,—1 pagsed through n country whose alr was black with cluds of coal-smolko from the fives of n hundred ‘blast-furnaces, eoores of yolliuiz-mills, aud’ other iron-works, and other seores of glais-furnaces, It scomed liko n con- taumous itipburg for nearly 100 miles, Viilages aud citica nlinoat touch cach other, il the way ; and bohind them, on either side of " the railroad, could be discenicd iv the Qistdnge tall chimnoys, emitting ‘clouds of' .smoko,” ond " marking tho Jocation. of ,other tdwns belind tho iter- voning tree, ‘whicl are, everywhero. planted ‘alobyy woods, lanes, ktrenims, canila, and through tho fleldy, ' Moro klool-rdils aro manufactirod'in, Delgiiim thou in otsor countyy, in Europg, suve Grout Bratain; whilo thoe production,of glass Iy vory greal, Withiu ' thicty years the population of the fron, conl, and glays distriet of Belgium nas increaded viore than 1,000,000 of iubab- itaute, - % Tho largest coal-fiolda of Europoe, except thoso in QGreas Dritain, are fouud 1 Soucheastern Belgium; and ia close proximity aro imumense Qepositsof iron-or, aud also plenty of lime- stono; and in tho saime section of tho Stata in abuudanco of tho first guality of saud. Wik theno natural resources, Bolmum bas bocomo & great manufacturing country, under the cucour- agement and protection of Yreo Trade, light toxation, and wiso laws. Tho Dolgiaus have dis~ covecad theb . p _FREE TRADE IS TIIE DEST ' PROTSCTIVE TARIFE" which can pousibly be ouncted. Thoy aro thero- Dby onabled to prodica cheaply, uind undorsell their rivaly, and rotain’and multiply their cus- tontors in spito of sll competitors. T'he doctring tanght by tho lato King to his subjocts was, that tha more unrestricled and unimpeded commer- cinl intercourso can Lo with surrounding nations and all_tho world, and the chionpor can bo trabs-. portation-facilities for handling the products and increnso in wonlth and prosperity. In_carrying this theory ipto practige, ho iuducad his Pprlin~ ment to remove froim foréign importations, ‘whether of rafv matorinis or manufuctires, nea 1y ell impoats, excopt on” cectatn articloy of Jux- ury, such as tobacey, liquary, tea, pnd coffoo; aud to sbolish all export-auties, and, all pogmble taxes whoso'tondoucy was to onhunca the cost of munufacturing. Tor tho putrpose of cheapening trausporation, aud controfling and pravent- ing the rupacilé of . chattered . railrond companies,. tho olgian Governmont rou- structod overal caunly from, the . coal and irou distriets to tho.navigable waters of, tho Scholdt, and conneoting with tho grent I'ronel canai along the Oise River, which loads down to Pariy from. the Bolgian froutier. ‘Tho Govern- mont also ‘ontored .upon tho coustruction and operation of a system or . i 11 NETWORK OF STATE RATLWAYS, 2 with the primary purpose of convoylng freights and passengors ot tha lowest solf-sustaining Tates of compendation. Belgium was tho first Governmont in tho world that over built aud mansged o railway for genoral publio accommo- dation, ‘Iho Stats now ownw, or has leaged from tho compnnies, 1,088 milos.of railway,—mostly double-track, aud sli with steel rails, I'ho Come panics owh aud operato about 890 miles ; but tho THE CHICAGO -WAILY TRIBUNE:. SATURDAY: - AUGUST 8 A3AUIG DTy 1 \ AN gift ot yray in iho Staten, the Dolginn foads have " colip mivion A MUOIL MONEY' - and four Limes aa much thbor to build thom per mllo ag the Amerloan ronds, and, an to tho dif+ foroneo in tha cost of iron, rolling stocl, ofe.; it iy chlefly enired by the absurdly-hijth Ameri~ oan_tawidty, which, if “the railrond oanlmiun do not advecato and 'uphold, they cortainly have mado no olfurts to rednes or ropedl, ¥ Undor the fosteting fnfludnco of Freo Trado .| aud ¢hioap tranaporintlon (for the company ronda- , ara compolled by the compotition of-tho Qovorns mont roads to cirry ot tho snme ratos), little Halyium has bocome, in n sligle genordtion, ox- coadingly wealthy, aud " prosperous boyond auy othor,people in Burope: = - 1 - A Dolgium I8 only ‘n-small patch of torritory, coutaining barely 10,400 uquinro miles; but on thig littlo area thero 1 supported in comfort and indopondonco 5,400,000 souls! Can yonr ‘rend- ara'realizo” that, ot ’a spaco not dxceoding one- Jifth that of Tiinom, thoro i toncontrated the population of I0inold, Town, Wisconsin, and Minuesota? Bub wuch ia the fact. Bufglum supports A e ONI H{UNDRED PAMILIES TO TIE QUARE JILE, | England, which',contning ono clty of "8,600,000 inhabitants, snd n dozen others ranging’ from 20,000 to 600,000 eacl, fa lesy dengaly populated thau Delgium by 100 persons to the square wmile, Aud, what In atill mora singular, Englaud, whicl bonsts of hor scfontitle and porfect systom of Iandlord and. tenaut enltivation, “scarcoly, pro-' duces hal? tho broad 'or mont consumod by hor population, bit imports four millions of fons of breadstufis, aad thres nulllons of tons of fresh Governmout s constantly obtaining control of company-ronds by leasing them. . By a provision in their choriers, all {ho. company-bult roads lapeo gratutously and uecome tho proporty of tho Htate at the end of mincty years; and,. ss some of thom woro constructod as long ngo as 1835, noarly Linlf tho poriod of thoir ohartor liag ‘alrendy oxpired, whon thoy will bocoma tho prop- orty of tho Stato, 5 . Tho Governmont built its rallvonda trom iho ‘proceeds of the uate of honds,—the enrlior is. ducs boing 414 ‘per cents and tha latler 4 per centu, Tho tarifls charged for froight aud pase :\;mgum azo caloulnted a wuch rates aa will pro- uco * | T LANGEST POSSINLE BUSINEES, and, et tho sumo timg, pay ioterosion tho bonds, the opéraling uxpensos, tho ropair of traoks aud rolllug stock, and leuve o small slnking-fund sur~" Dlys, It 1s found by oxporionco that theso onds ¢an bo offectad by chiatging abont _one-hialf tho rates exnotod by tho Fronch, German, Itullay, Augtrian, ‘sud Dritish compaby railways, As nearly as Tam ablo to ‘ascortain, the Dolgian Htata railways chargo rathor leak than half the rates imposod by Illinoia and othor Woistorn. Btato rallway companied, - Passciiger fares, ny- oraging for dilfdrent dintances, may bo utated at 2)5 conts per wilo for frat-clasy tray- elors, 1) cents for i,l?coud-clnun, and 8¢ cont ‘for third-clags, Tho nocond-olnss cars of , Delglum . are. uy comfortubla a3 tho ordinary Amnorican flrst-claas, aud differ from tho Dolgiru first-cluss maliily in hong leya crowded; ouly the nobility of Xngland and Ruasla, and tho shoddy of Amorsca, buy tickots in the lattor, s A gront deal of,the hopvy produots in Dolginm —siol us_conl, jrom, flour, gall, glaes-sand, Dbrlek, ble, Blone, lumber, ote.~are couveyad on ‘tho Stalo eanals, aud at oxceedingly low rates for transjiortation, " nlthough ranroad-frelghts wiil of Clovis until thoso of; Louis Pliillppo, this was tho first and only timo that tho Iolgians, evor assorted thelr Indopoudencs or fought for their freedom, “Thelr hisfory, exhimis nono of those stiilng Lisils.of heroie Pqtrlutlum sod polf-sucaifico. whick distinguish {ho Dujch an- pals or thoss of Bwitzerlaud, Henco thoy. hayo boon dependont on 4 succesuion of foroigu man- tory from the deys of the Domany uubll 1530, havdly avorage ono-half the ratea charged in the Unitod States, 1t may be snid Lthis can bo done in Bolginm booauso Iabor . and patorials aro so much chowor thora. thea in Americs, Buk it can lio vpplicd that, from the porfeet and Lhor- ough mnnuor in whicl Belglin railwnys are con- asruotad as comparod with, the slight aud filmsy ‘eharacter of Aworiosn “roads,” and tle enormous coub of 1lgt-of-wpy In contrast with the wiugl nud’ selt meats, choeso, . aud . buttor,—making seven millions of fons of food per aonumn; whereas Bolgium, which contaius, 25 per cont more inhabitants fo the squaro”milo, imports searcely o pound of brondstulfs'or - ponnd of meat, but_nctually exports moro food than sho imports, Not ouly doos Delgium produve sufli- ciont food for, ber - population, including Darlsy for tho manufacture of boer, of . which largo quantitios aro consumed, but sl grows nenrly. enongh sugar-boots to supply hor pooplo with: what “wwootening” they meeds aud, in. tho mountafu-districts of ‘Ardounes, grapicd onough aro grown' to produco o considerablo part of all tho wino consomed v Bolgium, , | i In soarching. for tha causo of . this ramarkablo self-supporting ability of tha Bolgians, 1 discoy- ared somo things which Bnglish writors aro not in tho Linbit of pointing out to the British public, LEST IT MAY OFFEND “‘ary Lomp,” Tirat, during the . F'ronch oconpation, bobweon 1792 and 1814, the Frouch sysicin of . conyont- dinostablishmont, was introduicod into Belgium, whovoby _the vask-ctateh alisorbed by tho cont venls and nuvnerics wore confiseated . by tho CGovormment, brolen np into wmall faromm, and sold_to tho pooplo in foo eimple. Second, tho Fropich land laws, . abolishing primogonitiire ana, ental, and compelling tho. aqual partition of laud among natural heirs, woro adopted, aud the ancient foudal systom of -entailmouts was abols ishod. 'Lho operation of thoso two Fronch laws s in seventy yenra divided tho roal entato of - Bolgium, couitty and city,. swonrz, 1,000,000 of owners, Previous to tho I'rench ogeupation, the Iaud was hold In vast estates by thouobles and l\rlwm, for tho honefit vf n fow pauipoted fnmi- ica, and Lhio support of sivarme of idls tionks and nuns; and, - a8 & gonsoyuence, the country was badly tilled by an ignorant, . suporatitiong, aud poverty-pinched poasantry, But, us f23t ag tho lands, undor {ho”opotulion of the Lrencl laws, bocawe tho property of thoso who fafmed them, tho systom of Lillugte improved, aud tho condition of the peoplo changed _ 4 FUOM PAUPENIEN INTO INDEPENDENCE, Thera is now no heraditary land-monopaly and noidlo land in Belgium., Not an ncre.is devoted to deer-parks, phousnantrics, or othor sporting purposes, for the enjoymont of o luxutious ond disgolute svistocrucy, while masscs of mon are siarying for brond. A4 1 travel through Dolgium, 1 seo swarms of e, women, and children cut- Ling. down_ and gathermng a harvest of grain and grass, whore the whoat will yield 80 to 40 buskols to the ncre, the oats 50.Lo 75 Lushels, aud tho Ly 21¢ 104 Lons por acre; whilo tho custilug product of 1lax aud of yoot-crops—~potatoes and beols— will _bo boyond Amotieun concaptlon _of| possibilities, .'L'bo, atrawberries, vod raspberries, aud goowcborrics, braught to market, wiulo 1ot superior i ilayor to thoso sold i Chicago, are twicee or thrico ay lrge, . 5 ‘Iheso ovormous yivlds of agricultural and hor- Lisulvural products are nob in consoquonco of batter goil- or climato than in America, but aro | tho rosutts of heavy masuring, deop plowing and spading, subsoiling, underdraining whon roquired, irigation when possiblo, - wutoliful hoping nnd wecding, froe ugo of ,guano and other rertilizors for .fop-dressing, -and caraful barvesting and storage of erops, whereby noth. ing Tu wistod, lost, or sllowed to ot iu tho- fields, . Tlis perfeet svatom of tillago nover wau “adopled or thonght ofuntil tho lund beceme tha Droporty of . the cultivators of tho soil; aud the rolatiou of landiord and tenant cousod Lo exist, 2 . 'TUD. PRICE OF. LAND in Delgium range from £240 ta 1,000 por acra, and a fair averazo would bo 100 to 8500 3 but thera is vory littio offored for salo, Mast of the nales talia'placo in- cases whoro rich manufac- Lurers or bunkery want a countyy-sent ; or, mora frequently, whero tho older ‘Liirs o tha interest of tho youuger oner,—tho lattor (aking up their rogidenco in the oities, It iu pertect!, surprising on how small a . frachold -pato of ground the Delzium poassnt s able 1o raigo n family in comfort, and supply all‘their reasounble wants, OFf coursio thoy roalize high prices for ovory. articlo thoy have to soll,—about doublo what sd Ttinois farmer gots i whilo they purchase el their *‘storc-goous™ for less than 1all of what tho Westorn farmer must pay for Lis eupplics, Ownersiip of the land and good pricos for tha_crops aro tho incentives whicl caugo the Belgian furmora to slrive to make tho earils yield its utmost produetion, . i FOREION COMMENCE * * « - of Balgitm is immougo for 5o vmall & country. Laat yoar the imports aniounted to $230,000,000, and the oxports-to $250,000,000. Liko ths Dyit- iuh, tho Belyiaus pock to huve tho-* balsuco'ol* trade™ agains! thomeaelvos, ns thav proves thoy raceivo more property thau thoy seud ubrowd in excliango Tor it. - Uenco tho'* bulauce of trado agaiust Lhem measures thoir clear- profis; at loast thoy tnink so; and, by pursulng thut counie stondily for thirty or forty yoars past, they havo beeomo veri' ricli, in spite of tha udverso ¢ bal~ ance of {rade."! 5 i The reveune of the Governmeont for 1818 was £38,000,000, and tho tolnl expenditure &35,600,~ 000, ‘rhio surplus was'applicd in payment of the national debt, which now mmnounts to £183,000,~ 0UD;—the intoress on tho samo boing 7,200,000, ‘he Balginn debt consists of two parts,—tirst, tho portion of the Dutch national dobt - which thoy woro obliged to #wsuma alter obtaining tholr indopendones, as adjudged by the Grot Powers; #ocond, Lho amounts oxpended for tho constryotion of Staterallways nud " tolegrapl, The former, or Dutch dobt patt, ‘wmounted to $97,600,0003 the laticr, orcost of tho railronds, to 120,000,000 ; totaly $223,000,000, of whick $10,000,000 huss boon paid off. Delgium' ia_ono of tho fow nations wliich avo liquidating their nationul dobis; or whose rovouucs are groator than their oxponditures. = p TIL NET RECEITS OF TIE RAILWAY AND TELE- ft ” “ ONAPH LI i, wore, last yoar, ' $10,080,000, which was nearly oue-third of the cutire revonuo of the Qoyern- mont, Thiseum paid tho intorest on tlis rail- yond bonds, made gopd all woar aud tenr, and Toft noarly 31,000,000 for, tho sinlking fund, I oiitted in tho proper couuection to stale that tho telograph-lines belong to tho Cavern- mout, who built und oporate thoni iu conuection with tho Post-Oftice Department. “The. tariff for, ‘mesnnisc i Walf o ffano for twonty wordy, which ombraces addross and siguature.” Thonet ies- Bago is gbout Lwelvo words, which costs only ten, cents, whother tho distauco it is tranemittéd o o .ile, to tho noxt villnge, or 150 ‘milos, froii one ‘oud of tho Xingdam to the other. ‘Tho Dolginas aro wall gatisfiod, with. their telegrapli-systom, and could wot b induced to turn it overtoa chartored company, with the oppressive privi- lego of oxactivg what tolls and sorying the pub- lic as thoy pleased, = At tho oxcoadingly low rato of losu than a cont n word, tho Bolgian tole- grapli-postel systom s more than soM-aupport: g, in gddition to paying intorest ou its cost of umuhmacuan. n DRUSSELY to bo & city almost as populous as Chicago, Tour years ugo it contmucd 814,000 inhnbitants, Po-duy it is estimatod to number nearly 400,060, New bulldings aro going up In overy diraction, mnn?' of thom first-clsus I djiensions and architestural stylo; now slrcots are boing laid out;.aud a furious rosl-ostnato gever is rogiiy throughiont the city ‘and it envirous, which is likoly to carry off & good many fortimes whew therenetion comey. In somo parts of the subuiby lots ave gelling ab ten {imos tho price of fonr years »gzo,. 1 wiis shown ‘"‘i\'fl‘ofl’flfiillullcfl props orty in fuvorlte parts of 'tho city which ‘'was ** go- ing™ frosly at §1,000 o £1,200° por front fout, without improvemonts, Thoso rates, romomber, ave uot rockoued in dopreciated greonbacks, bub in solld grold, Ront-cutute speenlation paver rau #0 high in Chicogoas it o now doing iu Bruwsols, Of cotyo, thore 18 a collapss impending; but, us tho citizons of Btussols Laye nover oxporiouced a rol-esiato panio or ronction, thoy feol no’ap- lu‘nlmn!luna or drokd theraof, bul go on wildly ' mokiug forlunes” by’ working u'v tho ptico of their loty and prrelinsing on speouintion, I cau only grimly suile ut tielr child-like confdonéo in their ballooning oporalions, Duripg the Franco- Gormun War, this city rocoived an unormous im- potus. Tully 40,000 Frouch, montly fyowi I'avis, and in tho track of the Goran army, flod hore for yofugo, whoro thoy rostdod with thoir portable valuablos utitil atfor tho conclunlon of poace and tho supprosslon or ‘the Commitno conflscators. Ivory privato houso in Iirussols was fillod with retugees, who oxpondod tono of milllona of dol- Intg in tho city during tholr stay. Hany of tho wenltllodfamilies, drodding tho unsottled and, porturbed stato of _Tronch politica -ainco’ tho collapro bf the Emplro, hayo condludod to mnko - Brussols thofr. fiture'Lome, Lhoy havae boon buyiug grounds, end building villay oud chntoaus In “grent numbord ; aid cthig lisy contributod much “to tho existing’ roal-cdlnto spoettiation, 'Anotlier batke Is tho numbor of” rioh sanufacturers Wit afo flocking to Brusaols to oujoy Court and fashionable life,s In conse- quonco of thoso accosslons of wonlthy poople, oud the great number. of Enfillnh famlllos who rosido hora (1,600 to 2.000), Bruswola'laa® - CEABED TO DIt TIF ONEAL PLACE OF LEAIDENCE for.wlich it hus the reputation, and oy becomo atmost as donr ng Pariy, Vionna,,er London, “Tho londing hotols, whicli aro badly kept, and infested with vormin, aro gmrfootly papaciops in thelr cliarfés § and'nomg bf 'thom, d¢ I "porson- ally know, do not hoaitatd Lo sivindlae and chont: inmnnking up oxtortouate bills for tiofr badly- couked food atul buggy beds., Dut swldon pros- pority,and too much palroungoe arg apt to, do- gonorato itito roguery avd vérmin, - © (0 Drusdels posnensos's pirk which fo: *exterit {n | unrivated in Buropo, nnd boforo long «ivill have’ no snporior in' boauty,—tho greal .forest . of Soignes, which oxtonds {rom the sulutbs south to the adge of tho baltle-fiold of Vatorloo, .| diatance of 12 miles, and with a widtl of 4 or b, miles, This latgo traot bing & great varloty of hill. nnd dalo. surfaco, Mfix Bano + Bmall stroams flowing through .. It I8 dongely . crowdod. with tall frost-trdes, ono,. or . two conluries old. ‘Phrough this great forost, tho Bolgian Govirnmont, to whota it bolongy, is coustructing bioad drive- ways ond bridie-paths, lakos , snd cascados, Dridgés, and grottoos, andothor ™ déeorativé |* works, - But it"is g0 ‘oxtensive thatit will tako gonerations to complete themall, . . . At tho,timo tho Luttlo of Waterlao was fought, Brussols was'a wallod_city, contnining 60,000 or 70,000" inbinbitants,” Tho" trects woro natrow, crooked, and stecp, ok tho ‘placo 1iy ‘mainly oul tho side of a-hill. - Bat tlio Into King had tho'old modieval wall ‘tora_down,.-and tho. deop difoh filled up ; and, wide boulovards, planbed. with shade-tzeos, and lined with elogant prijat ’ stons, Liave replaced tho_ oid _fortillentioris, ‘nitd now afford o boautiful shindy drivo of 3 or 4 nilles around what is at prosent the heart of sho city. Outsido of the boulovard, g . TUL TOWN EXTENDG ¥on iiLes, ' oud in thoso now parts the streeta aroldid off, bm;\ddauu atraight, and aro genorally well im- proved. 55 G | Tho old King onforced tho policy of dis- mantling all tho fortd and tearipg “awny all the'old walls which liomiod in sbd Atiffoéated! tho growlug cities and ‘towns” of Belgium ; aud on the spaces occupiod by tho fort ho estabs lished ploasure-parks, and on.the grounds on. onmbored by the walls lsid oit wida" sirects " or boulovards,” and' planted tlicmn withi'trées, By this meuns’ the' cities woro not only hoaitified: and * breathing-places” socurod to thoir ‘Inhabii tants, but thoy Wexo snabled to grow snd expand, and apnex the surrounding suburbs, Z Ono city ha'foitifiéd and rendered a place ot immonse strength, yiz.: ' 2 L .| ANTwomr, O Tid'scitexor,” | which s tho’ only’ poit Wi any commarce in Delgium. The'old 8lone aud” brick " wulls' wora torn away, aid sioly fortifications, made of carth, werd conatructed, ai located 1 or 2 miles bes yond, tho' improved limits of 1k city, so ns to Placa tho town b3 mich us pousiblo’ boyoud, tha reach of an ouoniy's shells.” On thess works ho “expendad * many. millions “of 'dollars, ta fondeg thom impfeguuble. “Loopald's miilitary theory ~was, that ' Delgitim; is net', ‘nblg to. dofoud horsell " in' the' “field ' against twy strong : Powak, and ik to” try 40 do.| fenit many placds would only Liys the” offect of Yividing hior atronglli'in”'timo of"yrar nad “siviltic Dlying uxpensos in tinto of poace; and that tho Wwider corse wiia to seloct ‘ono contral poiut of great natural sirenglh, and:go fortify. it na ta enablo tho Bolgian ariny to rotiro Lehind ite, walls and dofond them until tho otheér Luropeau Powoars camo to' #6mo ; ‘coitclusion ” favorable fo' tho oxistende of Belgian indepondetico, and iu., tervoned’ in hor bohalf.' It is caleulated thaf Aucirerp is always prepared to withetand s sicge suecoastully, for oo yoar, ngainst any Power, 1t is tho best poit’ for heayy ¥ 8 ,0n the Atiantié, botween Brest aud Coponbugen.’ Aut- werp is aituated ‘on tho” Sclieldt, precigely ae Londou is on tho Thames, and’ ut tio gamo dis- tanco from the sén, hud'exactly enst of London, "I'ha’ Yeheldt i navigabls o Antwoip for oy ves. ol which can float up the. Thamos to_ London ; &0d, 1€ Antwerp had been mado the Capital of either Pranco or Germuay, throo or four coutu- Ties ago, it X i % ' WOULD N0W RIVAL, LONDON . In foreign comorch, woalth, und parlhiaps popu- Iation, If it had béen mado tho Capital of tho United Nothérlauds in 1816, nstead of tho Hague, it would now ‘concentrato tho wealth of Amater- dam, Ttotterdam, mid iussels, and rank as ono of thio great citics of tho world, iistoad of bolng o gccond-cliss thoagh growiug port of 140,000 inhnbitants, I’ {liy mitcenthi century, when in tho hands'of tho Ditel, it contained & papiin- tiou of 260,000 it s then the 1icheut and most commercial city of Carope, with tho oxcoption, perhaps of Venico, which was boginning to do- cline whon Autwerp was in. (ko zonith o} its gplondor _and_greatzesy. ' Bub . it ofterwards dwindlod rapidly to, 40,000 ‘or 50,000 miscrahlo inhabitants, . unds ho [ tyranily of Lo bloody- monster® Alva, ho, In' carrying out tho diroctions of ' ths: priest-ridden :bigot, Philip 1L, of Spain, osablished. the . Xaquisition and put Lo erual death, thousnnds of Protestants who relused to recant sheiy, faith ‘and embrace “Popery,” whilo tons of tholmuns, to save their lives whilo rotaining thtly soligion,- fled to Gor- ‘many or tought” asylum) in’ Eopland.” Yo' this torriblo persceution Autwerp owes. hor “docay, Lut to it England s {udobied Tor her silk mann- factures, which wero thus imroduced, Ant- werp . NEVER BECOVERED ; ° 45 from tho offects of that oxtermimting porseou- tion, DBubivwas rid of tho **heros™ of Provost- antism, at tho eacrifico. of its pwosperity and populution; which, in the oyos of tho Spanish zoalots, was o chonp prico to pay for tho estnb- lishmont of conformity to ‘tho “true. faith," Holland fought on to the bitter ond, and_ finally rcbioved both roligious und political Iracdom for: the survivors; wilose doscendants have enjoyed and defended them for two and a balf conarios, whilaBolgiuin remained pagsivo. in folitical and religious sorfdom until emancipated therofrom by the Frouch Itevolutionists, and eddowed by thom with institutions which have sinco yielded | such aetonishing and bonoticent results, £ 3. AL, —_— MAGNANIITY, FROM TIL ABADIO, Outsldo his camp, ono day, Aslesp th Peoplict lay, Sudden ho wolke, and lo | Above biam stood his fog,— “Here ho sighed, and Stood Durlhier with drawn Llado, #Who s thero now," e sald, #aTolimisiod; tuee to'save Yrom Durtlier and tho grave2” AT (10 Brophel erled, ‘Whoreat, awe-territled, Aquuke at that dread word, Diustler Iot full Liy aword , Mobnhimed atretched hfa fiand, And, holdiug high tho brand 3 * Who Durthier noyr ean savo Trom Allsh and thograve " « Alug ! Lord, no one, # Then ‘Lhy weaposl tuko ngaln, “ And from Sohammed toarn Morey to slioy i tuen 1 ‘Thonceforll, tho legend ‘ouda, Thpxo two worerlway (riendd, —Rachel I'uineroy wn the Chrstiun Union. phodadetol s i it An Alligntor Storys b Ivom the Pulatki (K1d.) Herald, Tho large alllgator that waw cauglt o fow days Binco was kopt tiod to the trunk of o Iatgo treo | nour tho water just in rese of the Ooklewaha wharf, T'ho Palatks-liogs rendezvous . ut. that point for the purposo of fonsting upon thorefuse of Smitl's fish-houso, Lor'.woverul . duys allor tho 'gutor was. gocured ho laid himeaslf out flat on the margin, und to atl appoarances as doad ay Ciwosar, logs got familiavized with the long Dbluek objoet until thoy took the tiberty of ativk- fng . their ~nosos undor the “sides of tho * mouster and commencod ' rooting. Quick a8 flanhi (ho “snlmal Drought' tho forca’ of . his prodiglons -lail “rouud, ' that sont an old sow sprawling in tho water, M.'Al(hui nuothor clvolo with his huad and_ tail Yo galped down soveral young pigs, Iu the affvay ho broke tho end of hls atwly, dad would haye Lo freo but for tho interforonco ‘of ‘s nlan with ‘s swall boat,t Lhiy man caught’ tho “ohd of tho uhain aud fastonod iy to {ho stern soat, Whon tho aligator commouced gyraling, and at mu:r{ turn in tho waior Lo goffed (ho'elialn wLll tightor around his body, * Ono’ more ciyelo would have drawh both man aud boat linder water, but for- tunataly the mau nhad” just time to looss the ehain and fréo himsolf,. “In ‘the moantimg thy alligator mudo his’ cuoape, but tho tightnoss of the chain dhoked him todoath. Noxt morning bo was found doad on tho bonel, HOW DIAWONDS SAVED Us. A Business Eplsode. TR At tho time I am writing shout wo wera a strong firm. I sny woro, ‘becnuso six years agd e wound iip tho bdndern; ond & bifkiishouss of not quite ifty years’ exiatonco (4 romarkably’ Iong busiuess ‘1ifo for the Unilod Staten,) was’ closod in tho most:hondrablo way, Tho part- ners in tho liouss woro 'tWwo, 'Cho older“and hoad of tho firm'liad & solnd mareantilo odiicn: 1idn, was eminodtly consorvative, nnd wha a’ thorough ‘mastor bf 'his. buslnoss, Tho other” partnor' had’ brilliant talditts, Link was prone to - Do dver{maginative,” aud rathor Tield to thé idea hat romanco, ‘or' the inventivo faculty, when ealled into play in brsiness; was a nocossity. ‘Tho junior had o sopurnte room, ‘arranged rather liko o' cabinot ‘of -ctribdities’than dibankbr'a’ ofice, You * eould’ gop = noht 'bionzes'| there, Dits of ' mmnjolies, pleccs” of armor, and’ 'n’ fow ' good . plelures, Twonty-fivo years hgo'suéh things in a businoss ofice wero thought rathor out of place, ‘A dlatmit-rolative of tuo soulor pattner of:thd ligo, I' had tho' entiro coufidenco of both membors of the fiim, 08 I hed boon from 'tho age of 12 in the liouso, and was'20 whon tho'oéourrcucbs I am about to tell happenad, “ T wis voby” witmly “attached to both tho gentlomon, but was rathor fond of our Sunlos, ke Tt e et WIto MADE ME I8 COMPANION. : Ono summer's ovenitig, 1oag iftér offico hours, & privato lotter-Dook requiring ‘indexidg, I suut mydolf up in thd junior’s oMed’nnd commonced wotk, 1t was rathor Jato'at night when the ‘younger meinbor of'tho ‘flrm ehtered, “Soeing ‘0 Jight in (1o ofilé,” kd eald, ** a3 I was doming from tho ferry, and forgetling you woro'at work Loro, I eame in ;" and ho strotchied himsolf on a loungo and ‘liv'a clgar, thon Look s bodk and’ commonced rending,” In ‘s half hour my' work wad finfshod, and, thinking ho was asloop, I put away the books, closing tho ‘ddor of the safo with a craah, in order to'wake him: + o0 Through 2 ¥ e sald ;' and thon asked, “ Koop upyour Fronch, do'you?™ " . +* Yos, thBiigh Whatlior T avor 'will’ b “abla’to ‘eorrospond inthat languago so far as to render mynolf usotul for the Lronch and Bolgian busl~ nosa, I don't lmow." i + liver read Lenumarchais 2" ho inguired, * Yop, but only Lis plo; I am hot famillar Wb big life - What a magnificent dual oxiatenca!” “Tiow o ?* 1 luquired. e wis morchant sud author, ,Cartied on tho heaviest mercontilo operatious, .and wroto the cloverest of comiddios.- Mado out 3 line ot invoices aud a phrass df comody all i the ssme brenth, and perhaps with the samo pen, 'Thors was Loscoo, too, nierchunt und historian ;" and Rodgery, poot and bauker; Lmnb, clerk and esgnyist—" N vz Y May Lo eo,” T roplled, fnterrupting him; *¢ but I'do not think ordinary ‘men can-do two things nt onco—~thera mny bo oxcoptions.” lie laugited, and snid, **That 1s good common sonse. Bt thero aro men 2 WITIL DUAL EXISTENCES, F Now, I havo boon reading this lifo of Deau- marchain, and ‘T bavo beon deoply intorestod in the oxertions ho made'in“'belnlf -of our peoplo when he sont arms during tho period of our Itovolutionary struggle.” “Which good action ruined him,” Isaid; and ‘I closed tho spfo, and was aboit going to tho door, when he bade mo stay. Drawing"s’ chair ' closo to tho table, aftor o short pauso ho said to mo: **Now, listen: Tor Lho Insv six months X' hiavo had an 1de: my herd~-n secondary one, it is true, to another which . haa .absorbod” my mind for years. God kmowa whothor I_hayo this quality of wmind or not, but I must test it. Now, thi is what I aw driving at, . Fifteen yonrs ago Lwent to South Amenen, You know ‘my. wife iz a Drazilian. i aused. Thoro was 2 ru- mor that Lo did.not live happily with his wife, “\Yhile .in South America 1 made the decpest reseurchies juto tho history of the aborginal racos; I woent far bohind * tho times ‘ol the old Aymares, = Mango Capac and Ocllo Huaco aro to me us things of to-déy. Modorn rosoarch has eottled that tho: Pharaohs of the Biblo were as near . to us ulnost, chironologically, ns Napoloon_was, Byery day tho work stavtad in Bgypt by Denon and Lnysum shows us_ that wo uro only ut the threshold, Bouth | Admerica {s thio place to dis- cover maw’s enrliest tracos and {o find'bis prini- tive works. This mmny not.intorest you much, butwho second.pait of my idea will, L trase., It in tho corollary of tho first, It wasmy business to utudy tho political congition of tho conntry—n rather intricato and tangled work, **T'wo South Amorican . States aro _on tho ovo of a contoss " (homentioned tho namo of the two loanblics whioh, from measnres of preeantion, I withhold),, “and tho Govorament. of tho smullor power, _which is not only in the right, bus the stronver. ‘and tho richer, haye called” on mo, to purchase armg snd ammuuition for, them. I can piuke bundred of thousands of dollars out of tho busi- nosy, What ig wavted .is that I should sond a consignment ° of "military equipmouts, * Tho - monoy of tho Stato is now on its way hiers, or I ahallhave autborily to draw on Loridon fovit, TfL, can acconiplish what they want, I find,the moans out of tho profits to go to South America. und open my gloriouy work, , 1t is Beaumarchais in tho ninetecuth coptury, bul with higher and noblor aima. I sheil make HE e RESEANOHES IN THE IERUVIAK ILAING, . and will exlumo n wealth of artistic splondor far antecodent to thio Bayption, period. Tho Pyra- mids will bo dwarfed when comparod with the magpificont mouuments I must bring to light.” T Luow nothiyg,” I replied, soutowhas con- fused,.** about thdso things. Ishould think that tha. absenco of violent’ physical phonomona in Lgypt bave kept their mouwnents intagt, whilo, in South Ametica tho enrthqualics havo long '3|;0t %w\mdull vostiges of_wau's, handiwork to st “Quita tfue, na * far as your' knowledga goos. But theroare broad lands’ in Peru tuat hayo nover boen shaken.. Earthquakes follow rhythmic rules, . Some day Vosuvius and JEtna will bo ex-~ tinet, u'.h?g hava baen once bofore, ‘Tha fices of the Cordilleras aro but of yosterdey. Ono Dhindred thousaud years ago South Amorlen had ub carthquakes, Humboldt scema to think go. 1 havo studiod all tho cosmical theories,"” Of coursa I.conld not .dispule about what HMumboldt ' bad eaid, but Imado a.casnal and perhaps ailly remark about tho wealth of gald or silvor that might-o discovered, * Tush I” ho criod, ‘“that.is tholeust thing Lcaro about. ‘A singlo . discovery of somo early doity, a ! head,. prandor, mora majostio b form than NMomuon, would bo worlh mora to mo thau tho goidon sun of tho Incas, which was s vlanospliaro of - purd mosal somo 10,000 feet. in ciroumteronco, ‘and which, \whon tha sun crossed thetlino; 1,000,000 of men placed on its edgo on a poalc of the Andes, so that’ it almost cclipsed God's lumiuary. - But tho Incas, wora to tho ngoa thiat wont bofore, aud which I would scek aftor a8 €0 timo what San Lrancisco was to Troy," T could'not atop him, "ile doveloped his plane, Witlrs franknoss which sstonished me ho gavo wodoteils of his privata fortune, which were anplo, " ‘'ho monoy he lind in tha firme was to bo untouched. I was to nttond to tho Southi Amer- icap business, “Lndowod et 20 yeurs of ago with 1o ‘end of enérgy, not baving u” circumspactuosy ovon’boyond my yours, I combatoed the' Houth Aniorican sohomo,* AtInst it was daybroak bo- foro thomatter was sottiod ; a roluctant consent was givon on my purt, At tho business I-went with tooth and nail. © My principal occuplod him~ solf with tho genoral'plan of the business, but all tho details'of purchasos aud shipments des volved on'me.’ My summer vacation was passed in attondiugo'it.”” ‘Lwo of threo sbipmonty wero wnde, and my hoart was in my mouth until relme bursomonty came. We cloared somo $60,000 i six monthuy, in goldyon tho first shipment. “Wo shatl stop now," I'aaid, *1lora is monoy enough wnde for & flrst venturo, and you Lave mosns ow for oxplorations {n Pori'" % Nuusouse, my dear boy," was tho roply, * it will , ' TARE A'QUABTER OF A MILLION liofars T enn evon boglu, 0 Thia time oor people want “artillery traing, b it again, Chancos are moio than ever io our favor, “Wo nro to be Euld heavily this' timo, and in addition 1 have ad o concession mado mo of soma_ Lundrods of square miles in ‘Peru, oxactly wliero’ my.re- scarclios are Lo commouce.,” I ploaded sud leaded in vain, but way bound to tho whool, - A llghter 'position—ono’ ocoupyiug mo but n fow lionrs—wus glven mo_in'tha -otligs, and all tho rost of my timo 'waa dovotod to tho army busi noss, T lind managed, ko far, to be vory clronm- Hpoct fu my erchnunu. but could not ulways bo on my gunrd, % All'larga Lanking houses have & poonlinr sot of mon, who frequent them—old meu ofion, who Homotlmes como for naws; or who muke ocension- ally purehasos, Olton'thesd persons mny havo beon acquaintances bf muuy year' standing, who Lad héen on mtimuto -tanms” of friondship with tho fathors of tho prosont firms, and who nro allowed tha priviloges ot tho ollices, - Among those friouds was un old mnan'who - donlt purticus Incly Iy notes. 106 was o Frenchiman, who spoko Tngllsh ftuently sud elegantly, with “soarco an’ accont, ik Llm up in the stroot, wudyou would *“not * think " he *waa' worth. ©3. Oue muiv of clothey suhiced bim sll tho yoar T'HRA Yriowi T to wor" nitkerobiof round s npok. | decado fn his lzfc.. Ha | d or ton y tlhs spmo bandann, by A now banudaps marked was bighly, oduealed, and, though Glthy in por- ron, liad, strangs . to uay, distivgno mannors, 1lia passion wes' money-making, With o flars, +| 84 tho French linve It, s keon sanio of impond- Toun ing trouble, ho wna, ovor veady to improve ‘the uituatlon to hin profit, I could nol eall, him o vuilturo, nor one who wonld sucle your bloud or Tluk your. bones (commigreially) with , velish, nlzno's Gobacelwag not exneily lilks Lim, for thiy old Ironchinan, was cunritablo to o cortaln dogreo, giving awny, overy yoar a fixod sum 40" benovolent Inatitutions, Birt, a noto onco pur- chrsad by him, It lad Lo'bo paid_to tho minite, s word ywas bis hond, " 1f Tie piirchased a noto for thousands of dollars—~nud hia ook few yisls, only buying glit-odgod papor—he nover gave his chock for it, 108 siguatura fow Lind ever soow, | Tlo would draw.tho bl Bimelt from his hink, and poy hit monoy far tho noles. ‘ITiy curiasity, ' ' M8 ACQUATNTANCE WITIL EVERYTHING in the city was wondorful, Noman falled, or was on the eve of it, but this ntrango character knew it. . With fntiifivo porception’ altin to tho mar. yolows, ' would with o slnglo snifl of hiu, long thin noso gnicll out o genuisie,’ bonn-fido note, iroued in o logitimata way, from a kito, Oceat slondify fio straggled into our privato oflice, o had a tusto for art, and one day while I was alono, \Imn_lbh\f, & Bpanleh - dictionary for n word L wanted, he ontered and picked up o fragmont of & Houtli Americen idel, which was used s w paper woight,, ** A crudo porcoption of art 1" ho Bnld 3 * » {ransition, in fact, omanating from somothitig hl{;hor 3 ‘o rotrogreseion, Art and re- Hlglon wera nt firet fu tholr 3:&1\!!“& and simplost. forma, and man cotplicated thom. Monoy casy to-day, but thoro will bon storm econ, ~Pray, Lot mo trouhla you to go inta the oftice and Lring .mo tho portfoliv. " I will make an {nvestmont, Blust bo short paper—not over sixty days—nnd only choico, not ovor 316,000, How is it that you oro away 80 ‘much ? .Wo miss you. 'The Juuior looks “fatigne. What are yon working away for * with that Spanish. “dictiounry ? A" Bponish business is dongorous, There 18 o basis of * sterling honesty— chivalrie, in fack,—smong Spanfards, bug. their rovolutions are tho disturbing quantiti Pray, lond mo your, poncil ; I 'havo sume interest to calentnte. T'gavo him my poneil, taking it out of my kot, and went to the main ottice far the portfolio-contaming ihe notes.. o careful- 1y secdetod thoro that suitod Lim, compared the discount with my caleulations; terms wers ngreed upon i-as was his. custom. ho loft todraw tho nfoney for them iu poron. In ten minutey he hnd returied with a'roll of bank-bills, and tho note tero ro-oxamined and ongulfod o n grensy packoi-baok. * Zlein I ho gmd, Just a3 o loft; * here {s your peneil, I nevor took an- othior wan's poneil in my Jifo, but somo. thief Lias stolon mine, © A poneil” that cost me 3.conts anly éiglitaon months ngo, and not moze than & finggor's Lreadth of it uecd i, But, by tho wry, I noticed something poculinr nbout yous poncit, Why do’ you have n percussion cap, and . cap made for an army gun, too, stuck i the end of it? Might go o And whilo I thinkof it, aro you operaling for n cornor in cannons? Iwnsn cannonior ab Waterloo. ‘In South Americs 1 have bought up many an éldpicte, and turnod an hon- est ponny b{ xolling tho motal., South America | Que le diable aro you doing in thub country? A friond’ ot Callao tolls me things, aud Ihnvae A gtrango way of putling this thing and that thing m;iefl.lor—mcm\icfl in fact—and making o pleturo bit by bit, By tho way, youmny flud in HSouthi America monaics quite as fine ny the Greck or Roman,: Zen:?” and he winked a bicar oyoand shuflled out, Our ¥ronch friond had put an evil eyo on things. From that imo our venturos in Soutl America ALL CAJE TO GRIBE. - Ono ship was wreeked off Capo orn, Too wiko to put ..l'l o"r'czig”‘ in ong busket, wo bad dis- tribuled the ehipmonts. One ragenlly Capinin took his cargo Lo tho enciny’s port. another ship was caplured. The Government wo wore work- ing for quibbled when thoy or we wero unlucky. ‘We wero loslng monoy by hundrods of thonsands of dollars. "L was so fully absorbed in _the en- grossiug minutio of the Lusiness that I nover asled where tho monoy camo from. In the midyt of our anxicticy o homo crisis camo,’ tho samo tho old gontloman had prophesicd. Our house, I wna afraid, wasin o strait, Tho old hookkooper's month, from sucking bis pon, n {,‘i‘c’? ho had whon Lo was nervous, was ink el Ornio afternoon, when working hopelossly ovor tho Bbuth American busiuess, my patron entored. "Thréwing imsolf on tho nofa for » moment, ho sprang up again and lockegt thio door, ** If, my poor Doy, thoee aeoursed peaplo dow’t pay to-morrow, orif the bills on England for that disputed ac- count don't come, Tom rulned and with it tho firm, * Tho Iouse wauts to-inorrow §46,000. 1 borrowod it thivly days o from the Qrm, with tho gonsent, of courso, of my good old partner, MMonay iy going oul liko a torront, and nat o drop coming in, My South Amorican remittances, ‘nomo'1580,000, hould havo boen hero twonty days o, "Wiint shall Ido?” and grest’ drops of wwent rolled off his forchend. »In all your privato fortuno gono?" I agked. {Can_you not, offact o mortgago on your iousn 2 _ “'tint was morlgeged #omo months ngo. ' All gone in Lhis wrotohod businoss. 1f I had tha Dest seeurity in the world it would Do uscloss,. "hero ia not §6 to e had on tho street,” ‘“Your old French friond #” I said, gnaping for b roatlt. * Would not leud 8 cont ta save all Chuistons = S m, 2 Yaur wife,” Teaid ; " you will pardon mo for mentjouing her. Can'sho not llul? ?'ml 2 “God forgivame. Woara partially catranged. Shio in in Washiugton, with on sunt'of hors, the wife of some one of {lmsn South American om- bassy peaplo. It ia pititul to aulc hor for help. What do you mean?” ; *+Yon must allow mo to mnrnago this businoss. Tt is now 10 ‘o'clock ; our old friend is punciu~ ality iteoll, .~ Givo o that ring on yoar finger,— { . YOUR ENGAGEMENT RINO. Wo bave witil to-morrow at 8’ o'clock.” o {nnlmd ut mo sghast, then wrung hiv hands and loft mo. Just” then tho old Trenchman enterod. IMis was not a satisfled look. 47T told yon g0,” o caids £ o you did, ajmost to an houy,” I replied, though, in fact, io had advaneod the period ale mont & yoar hoforo, the, actual erash did como, # Almost to a minuts,” © Novor fnilod to do 16" } ’ All geeura 2" y “Not 2 cents wrong, any way, In fact, mon am, thore are only two kinds of property grood wad gound, Ono tho sun shinos on, fiat ik Inud ; and’ the other ig portalif, what you.can carry about,"” p . “Tho Orientals, then, aro not such ‘dunces, aftor all, whon they invest thow surplus iu precions stones? "' , 3 “'y0 soundost’ porsoual financial policy, A Tark, or a Persien, or an Arablns a fow picces of gold over., Ilo buys a ruby, a dismond, o poarl, makes & Lole'in kiis arm, slips in tho gom; tho flesh growvs over it. T loul, est dit,” "4 A kind of procious seton.” ‘ * MIixaotly, Onmy word, at tho presont. mo- mient T would ot Jond & cen on anything,” ** Not oyon on diamonds ?" I askod. below my broatu, . “Qn dinmonds! And whynot? Ahem! Ny oyos aro not what thoy usad to bo, but thaso two diamond studs of yours weigh throo-quurtoss of a'earat. Lour plaisanter, if you wanted £25 or’ £40 o thoso stones, you could havo it. Lf, at tho eamo rate, thoy woighed 100 or 200 caraly, you c.num hnvo tho monoy in the sawmo propor- tion." *My hoart leapt into mouth, "Are you in st 2" I aslod, 1 novor joke about inonay. Itielaoscrions,” 4T want. 60,000 to-morraw, ub half-past 1 o'cloalr, on dinmands worth 375,000, *Whore iwwo thoy#" =, oy shall hayo thom Lo-morrow. T monoy for sixty days, Quick—tho rato “*The dismondu ure npt yours; .of courso, I muut kuow whoso they are. . : TTIEY ARK MADANL'S. I am nat suwrprised. Butb thoy hinvo quarreled, Would she plodgo thom of her own freo will#" 1 L‘nrtniulfi." e I must bave lior wiltten obligation, Sho muat borrow thu monoy ; rate, 16 por cont—not o ponny loss, Blonoy is worth ¥ per day.on tho streot, 1f nob rodocmed in ulxtyfiny 0 wattor if the dinmonas wers worth, £100,000—tkey aro to be miuo, A bilt of ealo must bo passod. At your exponse you must huvo tho stenos taken out of their seting, and havo n joweler's seale zeady, You sy bring, 1f you plouso, an ospert 1o coytify Lo the weight,” #2** Never! You aro too old n frioud of the houso for that!" 1 eried enthusinatically. * Phis soemod 1o pleaso him. “You are very youny, and will be chentod out of your oyes some day. 16 in strango, wy fathor Dundled Mrio® Aile toineblo’ dinmonds. 1 um ono of the fow iu this world who are ut Liio bottom of the story of tha Quoon's* nocklnes, But how did this trouble como? "I -Lknow; Bouth Amerlean businens, Tiouso {g not budly huvt, hein /" ; ‘* Ou my solomn word ot honor not ab sll, Wo wautb only w tritlo”of somo %76,000 to muke us' Just ag oany us'n glova; i fact, don't you think 10 por cont b high for sueh socurity 2 ' *You aro humbugging ‘mo, Decolving a muu who i morp_teuacious of mouey than o Hagpegon. Dobato the muiter un justant moro, and ity off. I have yecoived uttovlion from thne young man's father, thut Ly why 1 foel like holping him, providiug the stouos tully covur the risle.” ond I geasped his hond, and Iloft want tho p = WL uecep Xifm examining o plotire in tho ofico, T ave rmlng word of consolation to my mlmfi, nnnd An an hour afterward was in the oxpress for Waehington, Aftor a torriblo delav 1 got into . Wushinglon at 11 o'cloclk that night. 1 urrying 1o tho hidtel, I found Madamo wau at n ball ot 'tho Froneh Iimbasny, 1 aqni up my card to lier, ploading urgont bunincss. In n momont sho camo own o ma o :{mrouuy displeaned, holding, my eard all ramplod in hor hiand, * Nochiug tha matter with my vory-much-absorhod husbaud 2" #hio said rathor disdainfully, throwing asido bor head, and showing hor heautiful neck, with o finshing ruviere of dinmonds, which fiowed Inta ler bosom, “Yes and no, Madatne,” I snid, $T,et us gebinto tho corner of .Lhis ante-room,™ I howed her the engagomont ring. Klio sturted nt tho sight of it, Ay God1* shio anid 1u a low voico, in most pitoous accouits, , ; SVILAH 1R FORBAKEN ME? i B I lovo him Ko, " It was my fanlt,” Pray take me homoj I shnit die, 1fe doos nob understand our warmer Southern natures. I have tried , 0 hard to luleront mywelf in his work,—nob his buslvess, bub his ‘other idens, his ruina: but T could not: but I will try, - Is ho ill? What ‘s 62" * Carriod away by, her' beanty and omotion, I lostmy wits for tho.nonce, . How could I touch wpon ber dlomonds? *Tho troublo,” I ab lnst sald, is not so grave. You linvve o simplo rim ou_your fuger thiore, bidden by that_glorious sapphire, —sho bad torn hor «loves from off lior hand— oxehinngo it with mo for his riug us o tokon of reconcilintion” | | “Agreed,” sho wald, giving it to mo, a8 I Mn{m' her innd ;. *hut s thero notking moro #* * Yeg, gomething moro, That bosutitul necle of yours might bs for n timo just -ns falr: with. out thase dinmonds. Wo want to borrow Lhom for sixty du— I beg your pardon,” nud loro, 1 tloundered Lavribly, “Bho looked amnzod for n momaut, thon Inughed, and turned tho protties) of shoulders i’ the world to mo. 1 abiaya hurt my fingors claspiug and unclasping. the fostenfugs, 18 that all ho wants? I nm.so Linppy ! ~“You will tako mo homo? Mind it don't slip down my bacl. 'Phero is & French farce a\m\t?t}mt.‘ ‘Ihore, you arc an adept, Now lof 8 R0’ g ** Iwpossible—the train loaves in o balf bour," " But T will go,” sho said ; and. sho hastily wroto a lino, which was given to o sorvact, who m%l: it to tho lady's aunt, who way prosont at the ull, < 1t waa n curious sight {0 seo n young gentlo- maun and a ludy sl eovered inn lrnvellfig?nlu:\k, with v gz dress trimimed with Iaco ocoasions .ully poeping undor cover, traveling that nlght in the dxpress i butn wealth of nrtifieinl flowors thrown out of tho car widows from time to timo nust,have furnished uuiquo discovories for tho agriciltural peopjo who lved along tho lino of that road, Ti the ears—for L had pen and ink— & rogular bill of szl of the diamands was made out. At the New York dopot wo rreived in Limo, sharp 12 o'clock, wlioro the lndy's husband re- ceived us,' and o bappy meoting it way, Tunce tunl to & momont wis THE FITEND OF THE HOUSE. 1o was an adopt at dismounting -diamonds, which Do mauaged.iodo with n coavse jacke knifo, ** which I baya carried,” bo smd, * twonty- six yoars, 1low aw Ilo fuflgs of their weight #* hocried. Thon ho chuckled, counted tho stones, breathied on them, rubbed thom an tho threads baro flap of Lis coat, then arraaged: thom in a citclo on the top of hiu old- bleek Asat, hon he hommed and Lawed ovor thom, said ‘ono Lad o flaw, ono was badly cut, do- clarci that, "out of tho sixty, forty-threo wora Drazilian” stones and tho roat Indian ; thon ho srept them into his dirty hand, “wrapped encl ono sopzrately in piccon of thin paper takon from & copying book, and kept e in a fever for half an hour. 1 havo Aeon,” ho said, “folio stonoy in erown. jowels, and one_cannot be too particus Iar. They may bo worth,” here ho pruscd, snd fras full ton minutes in his calculations, * §60,000 outside. Ihad appraised thom highor on Mad- ame’s neck—tho gnrroundings of courss added {0 thelr ehayms, 3 foi, that is a Fronch com- pliment. 1t un bargain, Got o bill of salo? Ah! ull right, already signed 7 Now, young mnn, Toliro to that closat. and shub the door.”~ I did 10, and through the key-holo Lsny tho bisncd old fellow talia off 'his cravat, unfold it, draw ont n thick stiffoning of notes; pull oft n shie asnd stocking—the loit ona it was—nnd from thoneo camo. a wadding of money. ‘Iwas recalled, and the amount of money wan pub in my band. I took it, thinking of & cortain loman Emperor nud whonce ot of his rovenues enme, when the dear old may, looking mo steuight i (ho faeo, divind, ing my thoughts, saul: ** Non olit?” 1la woa about going, and “Iad picked up. his constan$ friond, hif baggy ginghom umbrolls, the laughe ing ntock of tho ahice, whon 1 rushed up fo Lim and bugged him. |, Ho did not scom surprised, Dbut toolk it pleasantly. “That is a good custony and Lolongs to my country, 1 nm not conscious of Laving dono anything pasticular out of. tha way? Tho transaction a n legitimato one. . If the money is pot an in sixty days I shall send tho stouo to IMnlplion, in Y'aris, who will give nlm certalnly 25,000 francs profit on my pur- chago,” * "The monoy was just in timo nnd wo woro saved, That very next day I went to London and urged on thoe agent of tho South Amarican Gaverntment the payment of our claim, I succoeded but par tinlly, but obtaincd cnough monoy to releaso the vledge, and was back again in Now York in less ihan forty days. ‘The old Fronch gentlomaa camo up gniiling and the dinmonds wers roturnod, IE DID EVEN A GALLANT TAING, forho hnd tho goms romonnted in an elegant style, aud Ball & Black, for thoy wore the jewel- ors in those days, snid that oux old friond had exhibitcd o lavishuess as to ornamentation and a niggordliness as to prices which was amazing. Tho junior had his fortune impairod for many year.to como, but mado it up in timoe, but the dual functions wore loft in alioyance. * My denr husband,” vaid the lady to nio this spring—sho has grown matronly | since thon— goes to Tlorida, ostensibly for his hoalth, overy winter, but, would you boligve it, ho ‘passcs lis tima thore cxploriug Indian mounds for skeletons. ITo ing such o strango idea that all Indinvs woro atono time cannibuly, 1lis valiso camo homo full of human boues, whioh he nys, from their boing al broken, tuat sbows that tho savages eat human boiugs, Ican't tako an interest in that, I conld i ruinn. I nover wonr diamonds now, but when your daughter is marziod I prom- iso hier a pair of ecar-rings—two atones from o certain necklaco.—New York Timces, & ——— AFTERNOON. The bont 1s rocking on tho river; Whio river-lifo is nll awako ; Wt tido {8 coming ju 3 A thousana ripples run and shiver § Oars fiasls ; uu whoro tho waters break Thshes & silver fin, Oara flash and dlp: ae i ou winge Wa Hwaep above the sweaplig sireams, Whilo fkoa fount of liyght- Into tho su the sturgoon spriog And blue tho arrowy awallows gleam About s fu their tight, ; Boyond tho broakera and tho bar “Tho (rreat slidys with thir swelling sajls AT tosming Ut Lo seu ; = They alldo through night and distsuce far 0r gulls whory broud Mo uuknowa galos, “T'o tempt tholr wyalery, But wo, between tho blossoming shorcs, Wil ek tha bouglins will niork tho rills "Lumbling tuelr foan aloug 3 WIl wall, in Testing on our oars, Homo Megsago from tho mighty hile, Or catoh 80mo Plowboy’s song, O, happier we than they whose cliolca Pursites tho dark and awful swells, L, ¢l the stary, o roam, And turn whou, liko a mother's volce, We hioar tho tender syoning-bells . Chlding 1o sweolly homu ! —Harriet Prescott Spofford 1 Narpers Dazar, it bt el oo T8 Gin ani Cinc, Mr. Bon I, Shillaber han recontly visiled (he Telo of Bhonls, und hiad oceasion _to investigsto tho mystoeties of gin sud pine, -In & uolo to the Boaton Zranseript e thus oxplalus tho rosults : ** 1 wau n guoest ut the Appledore, and felb cone #hloravly under tho woather from flio gronb shaking up 1 had endured in going thithor, A friond of many yosrs whiapered in wy onr, *Try gin and pino.” It was o mysterious proposition, and I lookod to him for an_ osplunation. Ho led mo down stairs, snd thon ko domaaded of tho man who stood bohind tho ‘countor, ‘Uin . sod inol’ ‘Lho gin waw ponred, iyto a gley, and lion & dark lovking bottlo was takon down—tho samo, I ‘mmn told, that Bmith discoverod—and about a teaspoontul of o derk semi-fuid addod, Tho tumblor wau thon fillad with water and awootonod, nud il was givon mo to take—ns & medieine, X dvani it with faith, and waitod the renult, ‘Iho Atlantic Ocoun 1mmiodintely over- flowed ity bank, I nover aaw ko nwch of it bos foro, * Tho maln Jund becamo Invigibio ; Whalo's Back Light was in o stace pf grept commotion ; tho Appledorios wero as Inrgo a8 frigatos ; Lhe vorandn on which T walked was ab an angle of 45 dogroos, up whioh I stopped with difiiculty ; thera woro.two antrauees to tho house, hotweon which I struck ; the castors aud tho goblots on tho fabla woro daneing to tho accompanimont of Imifo ayd fork, aud tho chowder thut a naiad Lo me was fmnionse~—tho only thing that #oomed hutural, Bub soon tho foeling wore off, atud heulth wad vestorod, Tam thuy propurod to spowk of tho great Appledore remedy, one doso of which 4 anough “for {hio wordt casos, I would nob recommend moro than ong, becansy further phenomonn might onsus, which woull ;-mu;t"on tho repulation ono might wish to maty