Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 19, 1874, Page 8

THE CI-ITCAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, JULY 19, 1874. s . —— e 1adies and gentlemen called the adult class, the | uette good. In 1864, & committee appointed by TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE ERMS OF ETBECRIPTION (PATADLE IN ADVANCE). 12.00 | Sunday 5 G001 Weekly’ Ly wall.. .§2.30 B 360 Parteol s vearat the samorats. Toprovent delay and mistakes, be ware and give Post Of ce address in fall, including State and Cousts. Pemittances may be made either by draft, express, Post Offce orcer, orin registered leitears, at our risk. TEDAS TO CITY SUBSCRIBEXS. Deily, delivered, Sunday exceptea 25 cents per woek. Daily, oclivered, Sunday incladed, 30 cests per week. Adcross THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Comer Madiron and Dezrbora-sta.. Chicago, il TO-MGRROW'S AMUSEMENTS. DEMY OF MUSIC—Halsted stroet, between Mad- e Fregmment of Jota Dilians SITION BUILDING-Lakesbore, foot of Adams n‘:flf O Ana by Moonligts " “Alieraoeh aad evening. STY-THIRDST. BASE BALL GROUNDS— mfij\m game between the Philadelphizs and Chi- oagos. ————— SOCIETY MEETINGS. L] .VID LODGE, NO. 8, K. §. B., will D O ot Corenant lisi, cornar Lks and La Ballosts., for the purpose of Inwiallation of Otficers and ‘transacting other important business. Members of the Ordcare Corcirllstlied | o601 NER, Socretars. WINNING LODGE, NO. 3IL, A. ¥. AND A, M.— N Comanieetion Fausday” ovening, July 2, b 7 Fact Rijzllt»ll‘.n tgfii[nl‘sa! of ‘mml"intm (l:d!z et e spociaily. requies Bz T CHATHIELD, W. AL ICAGO LODGE, NO. 437, A, F. & A. 3. —Regular O mlonion Ncaday oventhg, S0th iaat:, 4t Accurdis Fiail., Nos. 112 and 114 East Randolph-st. A fuil attend- ance of mombers is denired. Mat: bebrought befora ths Lodgs. 11 Fder of W A SEELEMAN, Scerotary. R K NIGHTS !—Chicago Command- C nday oroning, July Sir Kaighta R, Recorder. N CLUB-A specisl mecting will be held e s Fosas oeemiag, &% 8 Gelock. 4l H164 16 by prescnt mambors e FRAREHCE PTG, Fourth Chieftain. BUSINESS NOTICES. MIRRORS RESILVERED BY OWL- e T, VHY BUY THE chovp adultorated trash ThaL {s vended theoughe Sut Puo"Chiw ‘and country for Teas, Grousd Cofive 255 Grousd Spices, whed pure and wnsduliorated oods eat bo had for fair prices? Wo russt and grind our own Coffee daily: aisy, grind our own ices, sclecting tho Choteert und best goods for this purpose, which s the only was wire 1o get Coffeo and Spices that sroreally P holesale and rotail grocer, Lind Block, cor. Randolph and Martetsta. The Chivags Tribune, 1874. Sundsy Moring, July 19, . THE BURNT DISTRICT, fhe following suggestions are offered in ro- gard to the burnt district : First—Dearborn strect should be opened 80feet wide to Fourteenth street, as in fact the late condemnation proceedings provide. A wide cen- tral thoroughfara west of State, and without horse-car tracks, has long been needed in the Sonth Division. The lots on both eides of this street will bo about 70 fest deep. Second—-Fourth avenue, which is only 40 feet ‘wideat Jacksonstreet, should be widened by tak- ing20 feet off the west side. thus making it 60 fees wido to Fourteenth street, and leaving the lots 80 feet deep. A large portion of this line is now entirely free from buildings. Nearly all the buildings that are left are small frame houses, whose owners should be compelled to move themback, if needed, the expense of which would not be great. The few brick and stone buildings that are now upon the proposed Line, &nd which 1t would cost toomuch to tear down at present, could ba left £s they now aro until the city has less work on its hands, and feels richer,—the main thing now being to establish the line upon which all new buildings ehonld be built. Third—Third avenue, from Jackson to Harri- son strect, is now 70 feet wide, but gradually DATTOWS 88 it goes south until it reaches Four- teenth street, where it is only 40 feet wide. Enough ehould be taken off tne east eide of Third avenue to make a wuniform width of 70 feat, which would leave the lots mbout 90 feet deep. Most of the buildings bave been burned off along the proposedline, and the framehouses left could be moved pack, and the few stone and brick housee left standing where they aro for the present,—the main thing hero also being to establish a line for the new tbuildings. It bas been proposed to close up Third end Fourth av- enues entirely, but this would be a mistake, for in all thickly-populated portions of thé city the more streets we have for light, ventilation, drainage, prevention against fire, &c., the better. To close up 2oy of those we row have because of their narrowness would only be making a bad matter worso. The true policy 15 to widen those we al- ready have. There is the further consideration, thet to glose Third and Fourth avenues would dentroy the lots on the east side of Third and tho west side of Fourth avenucs, and array in combined opposition all the owners along the entire lino. On the other hand, by widening these avenues, and briogivg them up to 2 firet- clasa standard, their property is benefited, and thus the sympathy and aid of the owners sccar- od. The amount of land taken being only a few feot from the ifront of tho lots, so few build- ings being touched, and the superior advantage of a wide street being 80 evident, and the need of it in these two svenues 80 plain, it would cer- tainly seem that every owner would gladly give the ground taken. Itis sctually far cheaper to widen the avenues than to close them up—be- cange of the endless litigation in which the city wauld bo involved in sttempting the latter. Fourth—Congress street ehonld, if possible, be extended west to the Michigan Southern Depot. Fifth—Polk and Taylor strocts should each be widened to 75 feet from the Jake to the rivor. Sizth—State strect shonld bo widened to Iwelfth strees. Such a system of improvements would stimu- lato the erection of good buildings. and in & com- paratively short timo doublo tho value of the land inthe entire district. The miserasble old ‘buildings which have kept down the value of theso lots, the fire hus swept away. Now lat tho city authorities have a little courage and sweep away the narrow streota. Concerning the legality of the recent increase in mumcipal salaries, the Corporation Counsel end the City Attorney gave contrary opinions, made the groundwork of fighting the tax levy for 1674, g THE WATER-SUPPLY. Soveral members of tbe Common Council, at tho meeting on Fridsy oight, rovived a sugges- tion which was mado in 1871, and unfortunately not ncted on. This was to bave an indopendent supply of water for tho use of the Fire Depart- ment. The plan propoeed is to introduce pipes from the river and branches as far back from the stresm as is practicable, and at all streot cor~ ners make openings by which the en- gines can have an exclusive and an inexhaustiblo supply of water. Usder this arrangement water could be carried to all points north of Twenty-second strect as far east as State street, and os far west as Halsted streot. The main river would supply the North Side as far north as Ohio street, and the North Branch would sup- Pply the rest of that division as far east as Wells street. Here, then, would be o district one mile from east to west and soveral miles long, em- bracing the central part of the city and the most expensively-improved property, far- nished with an ever-rendy and inexhaustiblo supply of water for the use of the Fire Department, and wholly independent of tho Water Works. It mustbe borne in mind that, 60 long as the Firo Deparlment is dependent for water exclusively upon the supply furnished by the pumps, the usc of twenty engines st one time reauces that supply to each engine very considerably, and diminishies the supply in all other parts of the city. When the Fire Depart- ment is drawing from twenty or more plugs, tho supply left for stand-pipes in large buildings, and for hoso in upper storics, is necessarily 8o scant as to be valueless. The introduction of water from the river throngh brick or pipa tnnnels to convenient wells all through the distxict be- tween Twenty-second on thesouth, alsted on the wost, State street on the east, and, eay, Chicago avenue ou the north, would be invaluable as an suxiliary supply. It would avoid any serious weakening of the water in the ordinary maing, would furnish the engines with an sbundant supply, and enable cach man, on his own prem- ises, with hoso attached to the regular mains, to defend himself. The cost of this would be comparative- Iy trifing. It could be Isid expeditious- Jy. Tt would not cost over $7,000 a mile, and 100 miles of it might be laid within the Dnext two years, to the incalculsble benofit of the city as a protective measurs. Let any person who thinks this aggregate expendituro a large ono think of the consequences of an accident 0 the pumping works on Chicago avenue! We know what an interruption of those works costs, and the peril that it involves. We who for ten years have become familiar with fires costing from one to ten millions of dollars should not think the expenditure of $700,000 for an unfailing supply of water for tho Fire Dopart- ment oither extravagant or large. Our present supply-pipes aro in many districts too small to furnish water to the engines fast enough. It is proposed to tske them up and lay large ones. To do thisn all parts of the city where it is needed will cost more than to lay these pipes or tunnels from the river and its branches. If the latter be constructed the change in the water- pipes may be postponed for many years, THE S80UTEWEST FIRE-TRAP. The accusers of arshial Benner overlook the very important fact that, when the fire broke out near Taylor street, last Tuesday sfternoon, there was & fire burning in the West Dirieion on Twenty-second street, near Paulina. This fire was in o planing-mill, or box-factory, or some other inflammable structure, and the Marshal was engaged thero personally fighting that fire at point far more threatening » general con- flagration than the one on the South Side. Had that fire got headway, who can tell where it would have stopped? Having subdued that the Marshal csme to the Sonth Side fire, which was then in full blast. Hers is an iustance proving ths supremo folly of the compromise fire ordinance of 1872, That ordinance set apart all of the city south of Bix- teenth street and west of Jefferson, as far ae ‘Throop street, and thenco all west of Throop strcot and sonth of Twelfth street, for the construction of wooden buildings, including planing-mills, sash, door, and blind factories, carpenter and cooper shope, wagon and carringe fectories, furnitaro factories, saw-mills, and sll other manner of buildines used for wood manufactures. In this same district the distilla~ tion and manufacture of naphtha, coal and other inflammable oils, in wooden buildings, was also snthorized. In this same district, and extend- ing north along the river to Twelfth street, are stored lumber, lath, and shingles. The funny thing about this ordinance ia that it was enacted after the fire of 1871, when it had been established that the danger to Chicago was from fires originating in the southweat part of the city. By that ordinance every license and encouragement was given to every business and occupation and every kind of inflammable buld- ing to establish itself in the wide area southwest of the city. Any person who will visit that district will see what the firo ordinance of 1872 has dome in preparivg for o grand conflagration to begin in that quarter and en- velop the whole city. A fire broke out in ono of these tinder-boxes on Tuesday an hour or two befare the Taylor street fire, aud the Marshal, in eoxtinguishing that successfully, saved the city from a conflagration much larger than that of 1871, Now that the Common Council have the consequences of the 1diotic weakness of their prodeceseors before them, let them remedy the ovil as far as possiblo by maling thd prohi- bition of wooden buildings co-extensive with the city limits. The getter-up of the address of the Republi- can Congressional Committes was not & genius in any respect, but perhaps his most conspicu- ous blunder is found in the paragraph wherein e endeavors to show that the Republican party Las not yet had time, since the close of the War, 1o bo honest in money matters. By way of pointinghismoral and adorning bis tale heintro- duces a quotation from Shakspeara, viz.: He was 3 great statesman, as well as & great poel, ‘who made Cassius say: * In such 3 time a8 this it is not meet the former holding that it was unconstitutional and the latter that it ‘was not. The salaries should not have been jucreased, whether the in- Creaseis legal ar 1Ot ; that 18 cortain. But as ~————= the increase has boen made, and 1s there has ~ boen talk of contesting the city tax lovy on the gronnd of its illegality, it is to be h City Attorney is right. Mr, Jma:op:fim: tho Finance Committes of the Common Council an elaborate opinion the other day Bustaining the legality, and backed it up with opinions of the samo tenor from sble lawyers like Judge Lawrence, Mr. Goudy, Judge Enowlton, Hfessra, Ager & Eales, and others. It is not likely under tlus weight of legal anthority that an increase of manicipal salarieq in the mum of §43,000 will be That every nico offensc ehould tear his comment.™ So the lean and hungry Cassius, the bribe- taker, the captain with an itching pglm, stands for tho Republican party. Consequently its sc- cuser must be represented by Brutus. Let us now complete the quotation and eee how it all stands: Caseiue. That you have wronged me doth'appesr in this : Tou have eondemned and noted Lucius Pells Tor taking Lrites Lere of the Sardians ; ‘Wherein my letters praying on his side, Beczuse I knaw the man, were slighted off. Drutus. You wronged yourself 10 write ta suchs cace, < Cas. Insuch time as this it is not maeet That ecery nice ofense should dear his coniment, Bru, Let me tsll you, Cassius, you youzselt Are much condemned to have an itching palm To sell and mart your offices for gold, To undeservers. Cas. X an ftching palm ? You know that you aro Brutus that speak thls, Cr, by the gods, this speech were clse sour last. Lru. Tbe name of Cassfus honors this corruption, And chastisement doth, therefore, hide his head. Cas, Chastisement ! Lru. Remember March, the ides of March re- member., < Did not great Julius bleed for justice” sake? What villain fouched his body that did stab And not for justico? WWhat, shall one of us, That struck the foremost man of all this world, But for supporting robbers; shall we now Contaminate our fingers with base bribsa? And sell the mighty space of our large honors For 80 much trash us may be grasped thus? 1 hiad rather bo s dog and bay the moon Then such a Boman. ° If the Republican party has not had time, gince the close of the War, to become honest, it should be provided with leisure by popular voto. A HARD CASE. That impotent nowspaper, the Chicago Times, was yesterday covered all over with sore boils. They had broken out in every department of the paper, but the worst specimens were in the od- itorial and city columns, while the aged proprie- tor of the concern was & complete carbuncle from head to foor. It was all on account of their failure to get up a decent report of the fire. The Times' account was 8o poor that even ths country press are railing at it. It appears that the Associated Press reporter was kept at home Tuesday even- ing by the dangerous illness of & momber of his family, and his locum lenens made up his report from the scanty facts and liboral highfalutin of .the Times, sud gave credit therefor to that paper. Consequently the outside press got nothing but wild gossip and incoherent bombast, 2nd were compelled to wait till Toe TRIBUNE came along the next day in ordor to get at the real facts. Here is what the Burlington Hawk- Eye says abont it: If theagent of the Associated Press had confined himself more strictly to collecting and transmitting news, and not made such herculean sttempts at rhe- torical figures aud flights of funcy, his report would bo ‘more business-like end intelligible. Chicagoisnothing if not sensational, and the panic of the occasion soems to have entered the soul of the sgent, and ho en- velopod the couflagration in a cataractof words that fairly ect the excitatle population of Burlington on fire with the infection of tnelr luid phraseology. As wus 10 bo expected, thelater dispatches, supptementing the poctical fourishes and halting efforts st vivid descrip- tive varrative, reduced the limits and ravages of the fire considerably, 1t was bad enough, no dobt, with the aid of a panic-stricken poncil, and it would be wel] if the ageut would, at the next fire, sond the facts and Lt the night-oditors pat in the fights of unrestrained’ gentus, It willbe noticed that, in his frenzy to ex- ecute columns of vivid word-painting, the agent forgot to locate the origin of the fire, which was com- municated to us by a special dispatell from our own correspondent hours before it occurred to the excited Chicagoan. The most dismal fate that can overtake a man is to grow old without self-respect. This is the {fate which has overtaken the editor of the Times, and his newspaper gives daily evidenco of it— especially when any important news is stirring. If it happens to be somothing where smut will not answer the purpose, but where straightfor- ward, intelligent work is wanted, there is sure to be a hreakdown, especially if the chief editor bosscs the job, a8 he did on Tuesdsy night. And for the wnext two or threo doys the wholo establishment is in the groggy coudition of s burnt-out bagnia. This is the present plight of the Times. Nor can wo sec any hopoe of amendment, since the Times is the complete and explicit reflox of a man who is losing all powera except that of blackguardism. In any case where virtue is to be reviled, or some innocent girl or sorrowing widow to be blasted in reputstion, the Times is equal to the emergency, but in the several do- partments of legitimate journaliem it has lost vigor and caste pari passu with its editor, and must continue to do so till the end. THE FLORENCE MILLENNIUM. Florence, Mass,, a suburb of Northampton, bossts a remarkable church, the offspring of a semi-communistic society—* Thoe Association of Educetion and Industry”~which tried to io- sugurate tho millennium at Florence about the time when Hawthorne, and Emerson, and Mar- garet Fuller were busy with the noble folly of Brook Farm. The same fate overtook both communities. They went. to pieces. The one survives in “The Blithedale Ramance;” the other in the *“Cosmian Society” of Flarence. When the old association broke up, some of its members remeined on the ground. They at- tracted others like unto thomselves, People with new ideas, good or bad, gravitated thither. Tne town became a hotbed of isms. It probably fulfilled, protty faithfally, the Southern idea of all New England villages. About a dozen years 2go, a society was formed which adopted the fol- lowing creed : Respecting in each other and in all the right of in- tellect and conscience to be free, and holding it to be the duty of every one to keep hus mind and heart at all times open to receive the truth snd follow its guid- ance, we set up o theological condition of member- ship, und peither demand nor expect uniformity of doctrinal belief, asking only unity of purpose to seek and sccept the Tight and true, and an honest aim and effort to make theso the rule of life ; and, recognizing the brotherhood of the human raco aud too equality of human rights, we malte no_distinction 2s to the conditions and rights of membership in this society on account of sex, o color, or nationality. Thus we have a church which rejects theology and o union which is based on different peliefs ! The curious creed is strictly regarded. Spiritual- ista, Materialists, Unitarians, Universalists, Theists, Methodists, Baptists, Congregational- ists, ex-Quakers, and ex-Catholics fill the com- fortable arm-chairs in Cosmian Hall. The hall itself is one of the most striking buildings in Western Massachusetts. It is admirably ar- ranged and admirably fumished. The main audience-room is changed, by the removal of & heavy meroon curtain behind the pulpit, from s church for Sunday into s theatre for week-days. The windows are of rich stained glass. The walls are elaboiately frescoed and adorned with a medley of portraits. Shakespeare and John Brown, Humboldt and Rubens, confront each other. There are class-rooms and parlors, & dining-room and a kitchen. Broad halls con- nect all parts of the building. It is elsborate, and it is unique. A marble slab above the entrance hes sculptured upon it the simple creed to which all subscribe. The worship, or rather the service, is as odd as the creed. Two meetings are held esch Sun- day, morning and afternoon. The first is mainly for the young. It is o sort of Sanday-school, in which science is tsught ratber than roligion, —facts rather than faith. The opening cere- monies are eufficiently orthodox, eave that thero is no prayer, and that the moral sentiments which the children re- peat in wunison msy or msy mnot be taken from the Bible. The clase-exercises are peculiar. “I found,” writes a correspondent of the New York Tribune, “one class of girls reciting in physiology and another in botany, & class of boys studying phonography under the tuitton of & lawyer, a large clasa of young ladies and gentlemen reading Bhakspesre under the members of which discuss il kinds of social and theological questions, especiclly the latter.” The afterncon service has this remarkable fea- ture, that the person who officiates—he may be the ‘“resident spesker,” or he may be a cler- ical or lay visitor—does procisely what he wishes to do. He prays or he doesn’t pray; he reads from tho Bible, or the Vedas, or Whistier, or Emerson, or Tupper, or a nowspaper, or he doesn’t read at all; he speaks a long time or & short time, and on a sacred or s profane subject. Tt is all the same to the Cosmian Society. When it pays a man the compliment of asking him to spoak, it pays him the additional compliment of leaving him free of all restraint. A report of the Execative Committee mentions A. Bronson Alcott, Frances E. Abbott, Lucy Stone, Aaron M. Powell, R, W. Emerson, J. T. Sargent, Josiah Quincy, and Olympis Brown among the speakers of one yoar. The report goes on to say : Among the topics discusscd by these speakers may be named Physiology ; France, its Government and Poli- cy; Temperance; Origin and Antecedents of the African Rsce ; Woman Suffrage; National Affaira; Spiritualism ; Revivals ; The Evils of Indiscriminate Buffrage ; Cause end Cure of Poverty ; The Defects of Our Common School System; The Church, the Bible, and both sides of the great question of Immortality, When & sermon is finished, any hearer who wishes to do 8o criticises it. The delicate task is skillfully done. It is said that no trouble has ever como from this free cnticism. The fact marks a broad distinction between the Cos- mizn Society of Florence and the Perfectionists of Ouneida and Wallingford. The circular of the latter containa, immediately after the rules for mutual criticism, this significant passage: “It has been found best, by experience, that the person criticised should make no reply ! The members of the Florence Association elnim that their Society is the legitimate result of the Protestant doctrine of individual judg- ment, MOHAMMEDANISM, Mr. R. Bosworth Smith, fellow of Trinity Collego, Oxford, has just published the four ex- collent lectures which he delivered on Moham- med and Mohammedanism before the Royal Instittion of Great Dritain last winter. The work is full of interest, It shows that Moham- ‘medanism bas not yet lost the fire of its youth, although its energy manifests itself otherwise than in the overthrow of empires and the at- tempted conquest of continents. It relies now on persussion and othor peaceable mesns of propagandism. It numbers between 100,000,000 md:xsg,ouo(,gm adbiorents, and is gaining in various parts pf the world, but .especially in Africa. Wherober the Mobammedans cbtain & foothold schools are opened ang fhe cause of education prospera. Tho religion W th hot soems to be peculiarly adapted tok th nature. It has done more for Africa than Qhris- tianity has, and where Christianity has entirely failed Mohemmedanism has succeeded and been productive of good. Its success is not due toits bélng ideally the better religion, for it is not; but because it was best adapted to control the African mind under the conditions wluch sur- round it Afr. Smith shows that Mohammed wae not an impostor, but an enthusiast. Mohammed's doo- trine, drawn largoly from Jewish and Christian success, had much of the good of both. He tanght the existence of God, and “that He was & righteous and merciful Ruler. Ho recognized that Christ wes a prophet, a messenger of God, and tavght the resur- rection of the body and the doctrine of future rowards 2nd punishments. He was so unflinch- ing enemy of idolatry. Mohammedanism pro- tests against polytheism in all its shapes. It proclaims the absolute equality of all men be- fore God, and has & just sense of the dignity of human nature. It teaches the Providence of God, and inculcates absolute submission to His will At need not surprise us to learn that there is so much of good in Mohammedanism, spite of its sanctioning polygamy, and its other blemishes. Man never embraced a religion which he did not believe to be good, and be never thought a religion good which did not have at least scme goodinit. The religions of tho heathen are not unmixed error. Compared with Christianity we find them wanting. Compared with the re- ligions they have replaced,—and nearly all ex- isting religions havo supplanted some other,— they are & positive blessing to their professors. When an African tribe embraces Islamism, as Dean Stanley has shown, polytheism disappears, sorcery dies away, human sacrifices are discontin- ued; the people riss to a higher plane of morali- ty; they learn the mse of clothes for the first time; cleanliness takes the place of filth; hos- pitality is universally observed and drunken- ness is & rare phenomenon. If such be the effects of Mohammedanism on the negro race, it is but rcasonable to suppose that othors of the relatively inferior re- ligions of the world have an equally good ef- fect on those who bonestly embrace them. So long as men were satisfied to Temuin in igno- rance of the true character of mr.hmligimu.q nothing good could be discovered in them; but the labors of modern iuvestigators havé shown that the religions of the beathen are not pure inventions of the devil for the destruction of souls. PRACTICAL TEMPERANCE. During the last session of the British Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, Mr. D Carnogle read s paper on the liquor lsws of Swoden. It akotchos a plan which, properly amended, might do good in this country. About the time when Columbus discovered America, the Swedes discovered the art of gotting drunk, as s nation. Intoxica- tion was universal, hormble, Charles XIL., who drank nothing but water and milk, checked the ewil somewhat. But the plague came, and spirits, mixed with garlic, were rec- ommended a8 o sure cure. So Sweden, to avoid dying, got drunk. Every land-owner, on pay- ment of a nommnal fee, could distill liquar, and everybody could sell it. In 1830, there were 173,000 stills and lees than 8,000,000 people in the country. In 1850, although thers were but 44,000 stills, the quantity of spirits produced was 80,000,000 gallans, or 10 gallons for every man, woman, girl, boy, and baby 1n the land. In 1854, the Swedish Diet took up the matter. Small etills were abolished. An excise duty was lsid. A license eystem was put in operation. Two sorts of licenses were issued. Grocers conld sell only by the bottle for consumption at home. Pcblicana could sell only by the glass. The number of licenses to be granted was left to local option. When any were issued, they were sold at auction. Debts for liquor could not be recovered at law. This eweeping messure has worked well in the rural districts. On an average, there is but one license to 6,000 people. The atilla were 80,000 in 1855, 4,500 in 1860, aud 457 in 1868, In the loadership of s lady, nndmomrhrgndmdlduu,hnmu, the 1aw was evaded. It did 5 mass-meeting of the residents of Gothenburg devised a strikingly-successful plan for regu. lating the liquor traflic in large places, The Diet authorized its execution. A limited-lia- bility company, composed of the best citizens of Gothonburg, was formed to carry it into ef- foct. It was based on those two maxims : No individual should derive any private gain from the sale of spirita; Bpirits ought not to be dronk unless solid food is eaten at the same time, The company assumed all ihe public-house Ticenses, retailed liquor at wholesale rates, and paid all the profits into the City Treasury, The mlm\géna of the different bar-rooms receive stated ealaries, and also the profits on the food, tobacco, and non-intoxicating drinks, which they are bound to furnish atany time during business hours. In nine Gothenburg saloons, these profits are so large thatno salaries are paid. Bupervision of the strictest sort prevents fraud. The cheapness of the liquor prevents surreptitious ocompetition. The conduct of the working-classes has steadily improved since the adoption of this system. In 1864, cases of drunkenness amounted to 6.10 per cent of the whole number of police arrests. In 1870, they were but 2.52 por cent. Last year, they were 2.72. The slight increase was caused by higher wages. and by the growth of workingmen’s drinking clubs, in which four or five men would unite to bny spirits by the bottle st the grocers’. The limited-liability company isnow about to assume the grocers’ liquor li- censes. It expects tothus cut down drunken- ness one-half. Last year, Gothenburg realized 858,350, gold, from the profits of the compaay, and £37,000 from the auction-sale of twenty-fiva grocers’ licenses. The seystem is now being adopted quite gonerally throughout Sweden. It cannot be transplaszed, in its .entirety, to this country, but the two maxims on which it is based may be of very great suggest- ive value heroe. We are apt to think of Scan- dinavia 88 o comparatively unimportant part of Europe: but the world owes to Denmark the in- vention and the triumphant test of the Andrm (Hare) system of minority representation, and toSweden what is, perhaps, the best method yet devised of grappling with the greatest of our social evils. BUNDAY IN MASSACHUSETTS. By way of illustrating * Puritan’ polity when petrified in legislation,” the New York Evening Post reviews s recent decision of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts upon the subject of vio- lations of the Lord’s day. The facts of the case may be tirus stated : Madamo Feital, living in Charlestown, while riding in a horse-car belong- ing to the Middlesex Railroad Company on Sun- day, Sept. 6, 1868, met with an accident by which her leg was broken. She brought suit to recover damages, sod the Railroad Company meanly interposed & plea that she was traveling on the Lord’s day, which was pot lawful. To this the lady responded that she was traveling lawfully to and from divine worship. Uponthis plea there ensued the usual demurrers, ete., and finally the lower Court ruled that she conld re- cover damages if she were really trav- eling to attend divine worship; othor- wise the State of Massachusetts allowed no compensation for injuries sustained in traveling onthe Lord's dsy. Theissue before the jury, therefore, was narrowed down to the divine character of the services. It appeared thab the plaintiff usually attended church n Charlestown when the services were performed by ministers of the same faith as herself. But on this occa~ sion her mesting-honse was closed, and her at- tention was sttracted by an advertisement of & camp-meeting in Malden, at which Miss Laurs Ellis was aunounced to give *‘physicial mani- festations” in a tent, charging 25 cents admis- sion fee. She therefore traveled over the road to attend that meeting, and while on her return met with the accident. The Kailway Com- pany denied that this was divine service. The proof was that Miss Ellis wss put into s bax with her bands tied; music was heard coming from the box; and when it was opened Miss Ellis wes found with her hands tied, and a ring that had been an ber fin- ger wasa perceived to be on the end of her nose. The Railroad Company not only denied that this was divine worship, but insisted that it wad *“idolatrous show.” The jury, however, moved probably by the meanness of plea that the travel- ing was illegal becanse it occurred on Sunday, held that Miss Ellis’ entertainment was of s re- ligious character, and gave Madame Feital $5,000 damages. The Company appealed, and the six Judges of the Massachusetts Suprems Conrt, after due deliberation, affirmed the verdict. In this case the whole law was discussed, and previous cases of violations of the Lord's day were cited. Some of these were eurious. During the war of 1812, a post rider ontered a Massachuretts village on 3 Sundsy morning, having the news of the DBritish occupation and destruction of ‘Washington City. He spurred his horse scross the green of the meeting-house, in which, at the time, the congrezation were sing- ing the LXXII. Psalm. Tho Deacons arrested the disturber of the Lord's day, and next day be ‘was prosecutedand fined. The case waa appealed, and the Supreme Court of Maseachusetts sol- emnly determined that, if the accused waa trav- eling post-haste on public business * withont blowing his horn,” the Deacons were wrong; but if ho blew the horn he was s miserablo Sabbath- ‘breaker, and liable to prosecation.. A later case was also cited. James and Gama- liel Sampson, two God-fearing men, who regu- larly sttended church three times on Sunday and taught in the Sabbath-school, cultivated s farm in the Town of Scituate. In that region seaweed is used 23 manure for the fields. Ona Saturday in November, 1864, occurred a violent storm which cast an immense amount of eea~ weed an tbe beach. The brothers sttended the three services on Bundsy, but, on going trom the last service at night, they noticed that the wind was in euch a guarter that the outgoing tide would float awayall the scaweed which had come in the day before. They there- fore proceeded to the beach at 10 p. m., loaded a. cart, and hsuled the seaweed to a point oa the beach whero it would be out of the reach of the tide. Tho next dsy thers waa a general turnont to gather seaweed, but it had all vanished, save that which James and Gamaliel had hoarded the night before. The people of Scituato were shocked et the Sabbath desecration, and the two criminals were tried and convicted. After elaborate argumenta the case was decid- ed by the Buprems Court of the State three years later. Ex-Attorney-Genoral Hoar, then on the Bench, dolivered the opinion, which eon- cluded ‘“ that taking the seaweed was not a work of necessity within the meaning of the law; but how it would be if & whale had happened to be stranded an the shore we need not determine,” It tho Baprems Court of the Puritan Biate is inexorable s to theletter of the law prohibiting violations of the sanctity of the Lord's day, it i3 certainly liberal in its definition of what consti~ tates ‘“divine worship” when it admits Jliss Ellis' performance in & box with & nose-ring to be a religions exercise. THE ABDUCTION OF CHARLEY ROSS. The telegraph yesterday brought the news of a second case of abdnction, which, like the first, i also in Pennsylvania. This is a new branch of crime, and one calling for the condign pun- ijshment of the guilty. The first case occurred on thelstof July, at Germantown, about four miles from Philadelphia. Daily, for a week pre- vious to that date, two men wero accustomed to meet and converse with two small boys, giving them candies, toys, etc., thus winning the confi- dencs of the children. . On that day they asked the boys to get into & carriage and take a short ride. After a while they gave the elder boy money to buy firecrackers, and, wheu he got out to make the purchase, they drovo off with the other. The child's name is Charley Brew- ster Ross. He has never been seen since. The father, on his return to his house in the after- noon, searched for the missing child, and soon after reported the loss to the police in Philadel- phis. For several days the soarch was unremit~ ting, and yet not & word was heard of Cbarley? Finally, the father inserted an advertisement in all the newspapers, which was repeated in the Philadelphis Ledger of July 6. In that paper of July 7 appeared the following : Ross—Wae be ready to negotiate. On the same day (7th) Mr. Ross received, through the Post-Office, an anonymous letter, informing him that Charley would be returmed for $20,000, at the samo time giving an assur~ ance that he was treated well ; claiming that, as it had cost the parties a great deal of money to get him, they could not think of returning him for lesa than $20,000. To this Mr. Ross, through the personals of the Ledger, made answer : Ross will come to terms to the extent of his sbility~ Another letter was at once received by him stating that the child would not be surrendered for a smaller sum than $20,000. Mr. Roes is a man of but moderate means, but he sgain answered through the Ledger : Rosa i3 willing ; have not got it ; am dotngmy best to raise it. In the meantime, the palice had been at work, bat no effort on their part could discover s clue to the mystery. Up to the latest, four letters have been recefved by Alr. Rose. Besides 8o much of their purport a8 we have already given, they further say: ‘We know yousrenot worth much money, bat weare aware that you have rich friends of whom you can borrow. 1f youlove money better than your child, its Diood be on your head. Any atiempt to ascertain the child's hiding-place will result in ita entire annihilation, We will turn the cbild up on our own terms. ‘We know our business, and we are going to fight it out, . In the meantime, the father and mother are enduring agonies far their ehild. It is impossi- ble to conceive a more distresaing condition than that in which they are placed. This is the eighteenth day since the abduction, and there is Do more prospect now of recovering the child than before. The result of it all will be that Mr. Roes will have to pay the ransom demanded of him for his child, and berein is the dangerto other parents. The success of this abduction will encournge the repetition of the crime, not only in Philadelphia but everywhere else. Any child may be picked up in the street of any town, village, or even city, and an enormous price placed upon its return. Let parents take warn- ing. As for the wretches who have stolen Charley Ross, they should be taken over to Dela- ware, the State which hias nobly adhered to the whipping-post, and flogged within an inch of their lives. They evidently belong to that class of desperadoes to whom nothing but extrems physical pain has any tercors. THE FREEDMEN'S BANKS, ™ 1865, a number of philanthropic gentlamen of New York, moved, no donbt, by the best mo- tives i the world, founded the Nationsl Freed- men’s Savings and Trust Company. They insti- tuted it in the interests of the emancipated ne- groes. It wasintended ss an educational and financial institution. It was meant to enconrage the freedmen in habits of economy. It was mesnt, too, a8 8 bank ; and, gotten up especisily for the nogrpes, it was supposed they wonld have unbounded confidence in its mansgement. They did have confidence in it,—much more than itde- sorvod, as the sequel demonatrated. Two years after the bank was estsblished it was, doubtlesa to keep it a purely philanthropic and honest institution, tranaferred to Washing- ton. That the pecuniary interests of the colored people confided to its keeping might not suffer, the institation was put under the Prosidency of one of Gen. Howard's Freedmen's Bureau officers; and, that the bank might be conducted on traly Christian principles, 1t was seen to that the President hads “Rev.” before his name. Surely, a bank founded by philanthropists, in the intar- ests of human liberty, transferred into the pure moral atmosphere of loyal Bepublican- ism st Washington, presided over by s minigter of the Gospel, should prosper, when 80 many banks established by sinners and con- ducted by irreverent mortals were doing Bo. well. But it did not. Likeal Utopiss, it was too good for human kind. It was an idoal baok. It was & bank based oa liberty, philsnthropy, and evangelicalism ; and under the government of Bev. Jobm A Atwood it failed,—thus proving 2gain tho truth of the Gospel, that it is impoe- sible to serve God and Mammon. As far back 28 January, 1873, it began to be suspocted that tlus philanthropie, Quixotic, Utopian bank was, untike baoks which pretend to be nothing higher thaa businees institutions, grossly mis- managed, snd Bank-Examiner Meigs was com- missioned to investigate its condition. On Feb. 23, 1873, he eubmitted his report to the Comptroller of the Currency. His report showed the amount of @hbilities to be $4,476,- 642.34. This sum included the amounts dus to depositors at the time, The amount of cash on hand st Washington was only $24,000; in the branch offices and other places, $460,000. The Examiner foand, t00, that this philanthropic and clerically-governed bank had s remarkable gening for violating its charter and exceeding its powers. The charter conferred no power on ths Company to establiash branches. 1t established thirty-threo in various parts of the country. The charter restricted its loans to United States securitiea and mortgages on real eatata double the value of the loan. It lent not on real estate security only. It losned $250,653.40 upan col- Iateral sod personal security. It also loaned $248,175.63 on Washington securities and claims against the Boxrd of Public Works, in violation of ita charter. It was algo nrovided in its act of incorporation that it should not use the princi- pal of any deposita made with it for the purpose of improving the real estate owned by it in the City of Washington. In order ta vio- Iate this provialoa aad not break the symmetry of ita conduct, the bask engagad in lang lation, purchasing a number of lota on Pegy, 1 vanis avenge opposite the Treasury, and etecty s magnificent banking-honsa on iz at » contf $918,218.25. Tho report of Mr. Meigy anow, farther, that nine-tenths of the depository iy the bank were colored people; that the bank hy {frequently loaned money on real estatq Becuriy of less value than twice the valus of the log, that it had purchased real estate in Charleston, Vicksburg, Jacksonville, Nashvills, Mflmybq Chattanooga, Beaufort, Tallahasses, ang Buli, more, and erocted banking-houses in each Place; that, from the beginning, 6 per cent interestpyy been offered to depositors, necesgitating jmpy,, dinte investment at high rates of interagt iy poor securitics. Congress seemed retuctant to pasy any logis, lation looking towards the protection of dopositors in these banks. It Postponed y) sction on the Examiner’s report till the very last moment of the session of 1874, = 1t is needloss to add that the bank fy g fajtyrs, Tho Trustees are o wind upita afairs, Ty the poor colored people wWho becamg depositors of the concern will lose hearily by tha gperation there can be no doubt. They Bave paig dearly for the lesson that banks good enough 1o, the - business community are good enough for the freeamen,—much more secure thag Philag. flu\)pio—c.le‘riul—Kep|:l:vh'mlhl’rnatilrun'-—-rfl:,“q banks. About ninety railway companies io the Unite States have suspended payment of interest op their bonds. The total smount of railway bonds on which interest has ceased to be paidis, s cording to the New York Daily Bulletin, 335 295,668, Five-sixths of the defaults bave oo curred since the panic. The Beecher investigation is not yet clossd, and it is thereforo, perbapa, too early tomay whether or not it will conviace the publicot any- thing. It may be doubted whether it will accom- plish more than & separation of Mr. and Mm, Tilton, haug suspicion over Mr. Boecher's hesd, and leave people wondering whether Tilton did not slauder him after all. In the best-conducted trials even, a jury can, as a general rule, arriva only atsomething spproaching to certainty. They give, or are supposed to give, their verdict i accordance with the preponderance of evidencs, Absolute certainty concerning all the essential facts they rarely reach. They are, therefcrs, forced to rely mainly upon probabilities. A juror antecedently prejndiced in favor of &° plaintiff can, as & rule, draw a plansible argu- ment from the facts that- appear in the test mony to makea strongcase in his favor;s Jjuror with a bias for the defendant can, from toe very eame stateof facts, build up a plea sgaipst the plaintiff. This is the case even where skilled lawyers ropresent both parties; where an experienced Judge presides at the trial, and where all the legal principles which the ex- perionce of over a thousand years has introduced for the talung or exclusion of evidence are ad- hered to. Now if this be 8o in regular judicial ‘proceedings, it is easy to see that it msy be so in the proceeding going on now, and known ss the Beecher investigation. 1t it were not for the remarkable latter written by Beecher to Tilton, wishing that he (Bascher) were dead, the effect of Mrs. Tilton's testimony, exonerating Beecher entirely, would be to acquit the latter in public estimation. What resson Mr. Beocher had for wishing he wers dead mustsoon be disclosed, and, if 1t 18 at all compatible with Mra. Tilton's testimony, it will at least enabls hig friends to claim a victory, ‘We mentioned the other day that the Post- masters were just now very busy getting up conventions to have the salary-grab Congress- men nominated for re-election. It should be remembered that all Postmasters in each Con- gressional District hold their oftices by the ap- pointment and the pleasure of the member of Congress, if that member be a supporter of the Administration. It frequently happens that the member of Congress gives the office of Poste master to the editor of the party organ, and, in such cases, bas a double influence in the party mansgement. The Rock Island Union, s Be- publican paper, thus uncovers and denounces the operation of this system in that Congreas~ ional district. It says: In this sonnoction we desire to present the following facts 2 to the Republican press of the district : The Moline Revtew, & paper with no circulstion ta Bpeak of, was given the job to publish the United Statos laws passed at a lata session of Congress. Of cqurso this wsa simply a bribe on the part of Hawloy (the present member of Congress)tasecure i aid towards his re-election. For the same reason AMr. Smithe, the ediior of the Cambridge Chronicle, was made clerk of Mr. Hawley's Committes on Claims, st Ws For the ssmo reason Mr. Hobbs, editor of tbe Gencses Repubiic, 8 man repudisted by three-fourths of tho peopls af his town, was resppolnted Posh- aster. mro:(ma same reason the son of Ben Shaw, editar of the Dixon feiearaph, was sppointed o s cdetshiry against s young man whose father was kilsd &n (b8 ato war. For the same resson 1. Bailey, of the { of e 0v0e entire Rep ublican press of the dlstrict, sud by its 84 be hopes 10 be again crowded on the voters at ibe die- trict for a_re-clection, In every county it is fmp¥ tha office-holders who are working for him, whle b8 body of the people are prudently holding aloaf 10 giré 7es ampla time for cos n, Ay Mexico, not having any serious revolution 0o hand just at this moment, claims the sttentic of the world with 8 new disease, which, if ¥8 are accurately informed, will keep her befors tha public in her new role s fairly long time. Tbo disease broke out m tho silver-mining region 3b Bolanos in the early part of June, and if spreading rapidly. A correspondent of e Graphic, who is responsible for the story, d& seribes the symptoms thus: The patient if seized with nauses . snd a severe pain U9 the spine; the anguish is intensifed, and reaches the head, where it becomes intolerable. At the expiration of 40 minutes the skull bursts at the sutures, and, though the car respondent does not say 80, We presumo the P tient dies. The sound of $he rupture of tbs skull is sadible at a distance of 10 feet from the patient. This is indeed s singular malsdy, bub not as inappropriate to the country 8 it might be. The Mexicans have been so accustomed 0 receiving cracked heads in their revolutions th3é now, in a time of comparative pesce, their & nia take to disruption spontaneously. The death of Dr. David Livingstons brought to the surface man named Kirk, who probsbly regrots now that he didn’t remsin in his nativ mnd. Kirk was pali-bearer for Livingstone ; B9 was the unsolicited eulogiat of Livingstone ; b8 became a most officiona and elamorous biogr pher of Livingstone. He succeeded in associstio his name with that of tho great explorer; the great explorer had alrendy prepared to ex* pose Kirk, and his brother bas aided him. I8 letter dated December, 1872, Dr. Liviog~ stone charges Kirk, then the Euglish Vier Consnl, with siding the native speculators i1 robbing him right and left. He even chragté Kirk with being accessory to the ins: o of the alaves who were with him, of starviog bil ana delaying the relief expeditions organizad bY Stanley. Of course, if a man likes 10 mlh:‘ reputation off the interment of distinguish acquaintance he ought to be allowed to do it, b wonld it not be siser for him tohant up his disty before coming into prominence, and call to B any damaging documents that may be It round. With all his brass, Kirk cannot hold 82 his hesd. —The dignity of labor is well exemplified s e s Aesine 4 Dattmpaty College student, who 15 to enter the divinity #chool 8% Cambridge next sutumn, is now * head waiter at one botel, and others from the same wmg are porters and servanta in the Ammonusua Vi ley. Bchool teschers who do not think it li'k’l to work, stand bahind the tables of 1o Mountain Houses e ———————— T T T R T e T e