Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 3, 1874, Page 2

2 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, ) NE 3, 1874, fiw—zz——____——:-m THE GRANGE AS A SECRET ORDER. gpocch of Charies W. Greeno Boforo the National Convention Op- posed to Seeret So< clotics. The Grange Held to Be the Most Dangerous of All of Them. It Defrauds the Farmers, and Makes Them Bear It Under Their Pledge of Secresy. Tho “Grand Masters ” and Thelr Influence in Politics. The following is tho text of the gronter.part of an address which Mr. Charles W. Grecno, ‘manager of tho National Crop Reporter, was to acliver beforo the National Convontion opposed 1o secrot soclotios, which mot at Syraouso, N. Y., yostordny. | THE GRANOE. Its birtheplace was Washington, D. 0. The accoucheur was, so far as known, Mr, Williaa Saunders, Superintondont of the Publlo Gar- dens, which suggests that its origin may be traced to somo forelgn land. Terchanco it in tho dovelopment of ono of thoso noxious gorms which have been so frealy distributed with Penn- sylvonin garden soeds * grown in France, ex- pressly for tho Dopartment of Agriculture.” It is n plant of wondorfully vigorous growth, even oxcelling the murvolous Yankes pumpkin vine, which, spriuging from tho prolific soil of Capo Cod, ¢rovsed tho State of Rliode Tsland in & sin- glo uight, and tho 1and of teady babits noxt day, jumped the Mudson ot o eingle bound, . and wended ita way atill on in the traok of empiro, bearlng frult na it wont a8 conyenient for habitatlon rs & Pullnan Patace Car, Certain it is, that although nurtured at tho Natfonal Capital, its fruits were garnered in the far off Northwoatorn States of Minnesota and fowa. Just here let mo remark ad quite singular, that tho promotors of tho Grunge, as well as of its imitator, tho Bovereigas of Industry should got &s far from lome as pos- sible for the first presentation of their benefi~ «ent schemas for {ho awelioration of sll human wou. It is dificult, whon such inviolable scerecy in ohsorved, to speak with oxact cortainty of the do- trils involved in the organization. I heve given mauch thought and timo to the study of the Gravge orgauization, and have had opportunity to couverse with quite a number of its chicf ofii- cors, and to draw from them materinlly difforent constructions of certain provisions of thoir magna chertn. If, in the history I give, thore are orrors of statomont thoy are certainly unin- tentional, and tho secteoy which is 5o exrnostly porsisted fo is chargeablo with any miscoustruo- tion or miszpprohiension as to'tho meaning of tho public uttorauces, TIE JINST GRANGE. From the best. information obtainable the prosent Speratary, Mr. O, H. Kelley, a Daopart- went elork at Washington, was sent to tho Caro- linas sowmo time about 1866 or '67, on busicess connectod with tho Freedman's Buroau, Ho bocame acquaintod with 8 small colony of Scotchmen who had trausplanted an old country system of association, of o purely social char- neter, and who to keop themselves freo from uu- pleasunt inttusion hiad adopted a system of pass- words and signals, Tiw wes called o Grange and this was tho soed which found its full do- valopmeont under tho nuturing caro of Alosars. Xolley, Saunders, Grosh, Piimble, Thompson, BeDovwell, Iroland, Curtigs, aud Bryan. “Theso woro tho figure-honds and principal op- erators, bt that. thoy had silont partners and ad- Sitiors 'who were to_Teccive compennstion tn po- litical profereuco there is gotting to Lo_quite abundant evidence, Thomo nbove mamed wero zpparently the investors in the undertaking aud thuir chief interest was the profits to ariso, I bave beon informed from various sources, end ip all of them tho information haa pro- coeded directly from Grango hendquurtors, that ¥ EXePRESIDENT ANDREW JOUNBON waa consulted in the incipiency of this organiza- tion, nud that he oxpressed tho opinion that any system which would band tho farmers together in u common- brotherhood would certaiuly wield the politicnl power of the country. While this etory may bo received with somo grains of allow= ance, and may porhups be told to gratify thovanity of gome of the gentlomen nbove named feel « pardonablo pride in having convorsed with the 4+ great commoner,” it is noc lacking corrobora- tion in tho recent movements of tho irrepressi- blo * poople’s ” politicizn, He bas rocontly an- nounced himself as & Granger candidato for United States Sounator from ‘Tennossce, and, as ho places implicit confidenco in the combined pover of Free Masonry 2nd Grangerism, La pro- Joses in Lis_Henphis’ speech 1o substitute for the Lepislative selection of Senatora an clection by the popular vote. A fov: years sinca I listenod to o speoch deliv- cred by the then lately retired ex-Presidont wmong bLis frionds it Jackson, Toun,, in which, for full balf hour, he compared his trials and tribulations to thoso of tho groat oxomplar Christ. o traced the similarity of ecircum- stonces of humble birth, and gradus! clovation toplaco aud power, and of tho persecutions viich tho vietorious North wore heaping upon Liu disciples of tho Soutb, finally oailting in Lis political ecrucitixion. Is it possible thnt ho oxpeety now to comploto tho similo by n reumrrection, and finally by s translation from tho floor of the Benato into the millennial higher lifo, foresbadowed in_ thet remerkablo deelaration of principles recontly adopted by tho posties of THOE NATIONAL GRANGE ? The Congtitution of this Ordoer thongh drawn in carcful detarl, hos proven very defuctive, and a number of amendmonts wers submittod at the St. Louis meeting. 1t is chiefly “notablo for its ingentous provisions looking to tho porpetuntion of power in tho yertons of its orginators, Iustalling thomselves in the National oliods, as Grand Deputies thoy go forth to plant the seed of tho Order and meko o living. Thirtesn por- soby conatituto a subordinata Grange and fill the thirtoen oflices. Thess, called charter members, aro induoted to the innor temple without su- pertiuous coromony, sinco tho Doputy porforms Liis sbaro of tho work on business priuciplos aud appreciates the valuo of timo. ‘Tho dues are B“d immedintoly—the business of“tho Grango cing upon an exclusively canh basis, in_nccord- anco with tho heslthy principlo which they sook to inculeete. The oilicors ars olecred to serve onoyour. Aa the bost and moro substantial men nro cautious and slow to adopt now-fangled ideas, it is by moro accidout that tho list of offl- cers can includo any of that class, The first business in order ia tho appropriation of 815 to the Nationsl Grango, to pay for & dispensatlon, tin box and lock, & dozen rituals, some Bpecimon song-books, and regalin, aud the nover-forgotten price-list of articles furnislied at tho oftico of the Nationsl Grauge. Thoso sro roprosonted to cont about §9 of tho 316, They should cost not oxceeding 34, Next in ordor in au appropristion for donulios’ foos, and the balanco, if ny, and subsequant dues aro expeoted Lo go to ths Na- tionel Furnishiug-Htora, for weals, ballot-boxon, Togulin, song-books, and jowols,—tho lattor fur- pished, * without tho intorvention of middle- non,” by Juseph Heymour & Bons, of Syracuse, N.Y. Lnch of thcea mombors are solemuly pledged to obsorve the Cannititution and rules of the Ordor, aud to rocognizo tho authority of tloir ** Worthy Masters " iu the soveral degraos. Tifteen of theso wubordinate bodiew must bo orgenized bofors TIR BTATE GRANOK can b institutod. Hero again ara thirteon offi- sors electod for two years from amang tho Mas- Ters of the rubordinate Grange, who slons ara cntitled to soats in this highor body. Wo have peon from whiat material theso oflicera have boen aclocced, and wo find & correspouding quality in State oNigod, m’“j‘l’x’u‘» Stale Mantors again, who np{icur to Liave yuprome power ovor thoir respactive constitu- cuclos, Inasmueh ay thoir rlings are ab wide varunco ono with nnother, constitute tho Nationul Grange, whoso oficars aro installed for o torm of thres yeas, Yorwill rendily porcelva that & National {rango cannot bo proporly or- genized uptil at loast thirtoon Htatos Lave per- £octod tho Stata organization, which was not the o uti] during tho year 1878, Ioneo the of- Yuots of tho Natiénal Grango had usurped sil the powors of a constitution by thomyolyos de- “ined, and wo flud the Girand Bastar an_ofticor who line nover sorvod at & subordinate or Btate Grango Master, 'Thoy haye had ull conurol in thio apnointmont of domities ovidoutly solestod o porpetuate their ule, Thoy havo coutrolle the dlsposition of the entire rocolpts at head- quartora with nobody to hold them responsiblo, and oven now are utterly indiforont to tho do- mands of tholr viclima for a statomont of recoipts aud oxponditiroa for tho past yoar, Notwithstanding tho ingemuty dlsplayod by tho presentation of speoltio inducoments, such ns the promine of snvings in tho exchango'of tarm produets for noeded supplies, and tho shrewd APPEALS TO BEOTIONAL AND CLASS PREJUDICES tho Lusiucss lauguished until tho popular mind beeamo indiguantly excited by the oxposition in 1872 nnd 1878 of matounding municipal and na~ tioual frauds, perpotrated through tho agonoy of corrupt legiulators, Promptly availing thom- nelvas of tho fayorablo opportunity, and follow~ ing in the track of tho pioneors who had by boldners and entorpriso blazod the way for thom, thoy liavo oncouraged and stimulatod the ani- mositios of thoso whose informatién s moat limitod, untit they have produced a suporheatod onthusinam whiol: 18 swaoping the country 88 & uimoom, threatoning indisoriminate dostruotion to gond and ovil alike, Thoy olalm that their primary purposes aro socisl and educational ad- vancomant, and yot thoy cut themsolves aloof from assaclation with othor classcs than tholr own, aud from thoe poor as irell as tho mora inda- poudont among thomsolves, Thoy are uoulcat- ing claunishnoss among pooplo whoso boast is nocial oquality. Tholr ‘syatem of oducatlonn in 88 original na their sooinl system ; that is, it was original many conturics ago when narrow- minded bigotry tolorated uo dapartura from the oatablishiod creed of tho Jowish Church—ante- datiug the Christian ora. Thoy, the Mastors, prosumo to sducato the farmor fu his political dutios, and as to his commorcial rolations, and yet enrofully precluda s prosoutation of both pidas of tho questions under discussion. They spend hours and daya in learning and reciting tho besutiful unwritton work ™ of tie Order, & BENSELESS MUMMERY AND A WASTE OF TIME, They utterly ignore tho progrossive eivilization roprosonted by the ramarkablo growth in powor aud influence of the publio proxs, 1 thoirmom= bers auggest any goud fdous they ‘aro monopn- lized for their” extlusivo beneilt by tho fow favorad onos who have ‘}n(d their £5 towards tho support of thoir * Worthy Masters” and itineraut deputios. The oxcossive wasto of timo to which raference hns boon made do- bars tho discussion of topics which should levo coroful considoratlon, and which dis- ousaion moro than all olse is tho apecin] and only resl inducemont for asociation. Thus the educational advantage of thio mootinga {a nacriticed, or if not, is porverted to tho incitle oation of ona-sided, projudiaed opinious. The congtant nlarm mantfosted - by managors of tho Order lest somo educator with viows ab varianco with their own should stoal inside their ggates, is muggeative that thore {sa hiddon motive prompung their rigld oxclusivenoss. Lot us now for a momont _consider tho naturo of tho obligation which pledges each member to - INVIOLABLE BECIECY, 7 Perhinps my own oxperienco will illustrate this suflicicntly. As an oarly advocate of farmers' co-operativo nssocintions, my attontion was directed to this perticular organization., Boon after it began to meko headway in Town, some oditorial comment and suggostive quostions called forth, yory promptly, com- munications from the Qrand Depaty, Col. Cartles, sotting forth'in glowing language tho high purposes which tha'Grango was organizod to promote, Namenof thoso whom I held in bigh cstesm wore iven as indorscra to fta in- tegrity. 1 rogrot tust somo of theso are now mouopolizing Grango commission agents, profit- ing from their identification with the Ordor, After whils the Maator of the Miesissippi Stato ‘Grange camo to Tenuesseo, as 8 special doputy from tho National Grauge, to_organizo a sufii- cient number of subordinate Granges to com- pleto a State organization, Ho came to Jackson, where I thou resided, and, upon invitation, quito a number of gentlonien mot with him, e pro- sentod the plan of the organization, and made o very favorable impression upon thouo prosent. Quentlons woro asked ay to how far the pledgs of socrocy debarred tho oxprossion of Iudividual opinion, and woro answerod by & fall disclaimor of any mtent to debar the frocst discussion, Tho Order was wholly good, aud the most thor- ough investigation was courted, 1t was further stated that o mombor was at liberty to with- draw 08 it might suit his plensure. Prompt- ed by s desiro to sssist in auy good work, and feoling no captious antipathy towards any organization which was engaged in the causol Dad espoused, I consonted to joining the Granga. A thero was a sufiiciont numbor of members present to go into an olection of officers, and ro- coivo tho priveta instructions, enly tho plodgo was adminlatored to those presont avd a future day set for tho complotion of the coremony. 1t wns juat boforo the Couvention or Congress at Indisuapolis, gnd I anticipated mnch plonsuro in mesting and forming tho acquaiutauce of the NATIONAL GRANOK DIGNITARIES. Thoy were thero, and I did meot thow, huthappily under circumstances which afdrded mo an oppor- tunity to discovor tha private character of several of them, T discovored that they werae dignitaries witliout dignity, that thoy Liad mat thero as spios upen our action, aud a3 plottors for onr discomfit- uro. As they expresaod it, they had met on their own business. Idiscovored, too, that their power wa 80 abeoluto that when they aaid to a subordi- nato *‘takonopartin this moeting,” ha forthwith oboyed. I discovered that the Chuplain not only prayed, but indulged in vulgarity, 11 common with his busmess sssociates. In'fact, I discov- ored that thoy wero mou wio would hardly bo tolersted in refined society. My ardor was cooled offectuslly, and it oc- curred to mo that this grand Order, which was presented with such a flourish of trumpots, its merits discoursed of in such honeyed phrace, would, lilke somo other of tho groat schemos of the present day, be A PROPER BUDIECT FOR INVESTIGATION. Tt 18 noodloss to say thut furthor * instruction ™ into Grango-mysteries was not sought in tho regular way. For a timo I hositatod aboub making o direct attack upon this Ordor, into which, by tho mesus I Lave suggestod, many thousnnds of honost men and womou had beon invelgled, under tho impression'thut thoy woro promoting tho public intorest. Careful and plongant eriticism of tho most obnoxious foa- turea of thio Order were spoken aud publishod, in hopes that there would be sufficioat integrity among new mombers of tho Nationsl Grango to discard thoso specislly objogtionablo foaturos, ‘Theuo criticisms wero publishied in tho St. Louts papors Just ‘pravious o tho mooting Of tho Na- tlonal Grango, but iustoad of recolving candid consideration, prominest mombors of the Ordor pounced upon mo, and, with eavenomed bitter- noss and unbecoming personality, sought to crip= plo my opposition by destroying my business und my porsonal ocbaracter. Fortuhatoly tho chiof epokeswmau was a prolific writor, snd promptly noticod everything said of tho Order. 1y kacping bim woll stirrod up, bie has onlight- cuod the poople somewhat as to tho anhmus which prompts the action of the National Grange, Ono of the flrat oxproesions at its ane nual moeting was docidedly as against tho abo- litlon of sccreey. Such” s propostion could nover ba cutertained, Aunoyed boyond mons- ura by tho discussion of “thoir weaknesscs, Master Allon at lant charged mo with violatjng my solemn obligation, aad admittod that my action in go doitig hiad boon the subjoct of dis- cungion by other mombors of tho National Oruu{(u aud closed his articlo witu the touching appoal ¢ #1'ake tho advico of o friend now, sud lot us alono. Lhave no desiro to harm you, snd know that you eannot harm us.” Could ho hiave knowu how anxfousty I had awaitod tho official zn. nouncomont of that construction upon the Grange obligation Lo would probubly have hosi- tated bofaro pulting it In print. Admitting it to bo 6o held, theroaro & million or moro of Amor- 1can citizons who havo joined an organization, wud in 8o daing have plodged themsclves to ro- frafu from all criticism of thoir “ Worthy Blns- tors,” (as all ara entitlod to bo deslgnated in tho Btate and Natlounl Grangos). Can wo compre- hand tho full farco of such a statemont 7 T'uose Dlastora are given A SUPREME TOWER to discipline thoir members, to east them out in disarnve, as thoy did tho commission. merchanty of tho Boston Grange and tho Deputy who or- ganized it, Theso oligarchs, solt-nppointed sud Helf-commissioned, domand and recoive {ho wont-badowed earnings ‘of tho tolling farmors, rofusiug to account for it. They trundlo thom:, solyos and thoir familios araund the vountry and pay for it from thoso funds. Thoy vote them- kolvos fut salaries in additlon to travoliug ex- ponsas, and probably participato in quiot cominigslons from tho furnishing business, "Tho oor farmer [s compenaatad for the privitege of doing as ho is bidden, 1f Lo robels, thoy clap on tho obligation muzzle, This, thon, s the Grange. Lat ug axamine now 1T8 HELATION TO AMERIOAN PRINCIPLEG, ‘The Grand Mastor of this body waves his hand towards Washinglon and Lin puppots in Congroes Qance at biu bidding, ilo says Lo canuot uuder- ntand tho transportation queation, and forthwith hands it ovor to Uauemuu with 1nstructiona to regulate commorce between the Htatos. The Ilouso of Ilopresentatives juumodintoly pnssos & law providing that all the railronds of tho coun- try sholl bo consolidatod under tho soutrol of nine men, This js & mere iriflo of power to detognta to auctia body [ Tho Henate Transpor- tation Committos aponds » year or more guther- ing inforinption In regard to this great quos- tioy, nud, according to Master Mazwall, of the Nutlonal (rauge, bowed Itsolf hum- Dbly upon itu knoes baforo this eugnst body and peayeil thows to dosignuto what sort of » yoport lioy deslvad thom to muko, Thoy answored, throo grout wator-routes across the contineut, and 10, it was so rocommended. ‘Lho Aastors of tho Grange, balng hoavlly in dobt, and con- oolving ¢ho {doa that the C(ovornmont priuting- {u‘en can turn oltk monoy for gonoral distribu- lon. which will pry their dobls, direot Congress to oxpand the currency, Prominont Bonaters of tho dominant party, thinking to conciliato or capturo thin great voling power, loud tholr in- finonco to tho sehomo, and earry it triumphantly through both branches of Congross, "Lheir aution no moro roprosonted the desire of thoir constituoncioes than it did in tho passago of the Balary-Qrab law, Had §t not boen for the un- sunpeotod fatogrity of the Prosidont, or hecauso ho saw o promising opportunity to kill off his mast formidablo rivala for tho nioxt nomination, our conntry would havo beon disgraced before tho world an a virtual repudiator, ‘Ihe disoussion of this question aroused BECTIONAL: ANIMOSITIES olmost as bitter a8 those praceding the Roball- jon, and bas planted socds of dissension which will requiro only & modicum of nourishment io dovelop into a fruolifying hoatility. We wasted oceana of proctons blood and millions of troasure in rolioving the country of a systom which every thinking slavoholder admitted to himeolf was an unmitigated evll, and ono_which ought to bo oradicatad, afmply becauso demagoguos kept tho masaos in & fomont, and would not permit them to givo tho aubject dispasslonate considoration. ie Grango Manters, like thelr Emdoconuom, the soconaion loadors of (he Bouth, are uniting elomouts ovor which they may not lnn% rotain oontrol, and ara forming such a combination that spontancous combustion may at any timo onsue., And hera & word of what THE FARMERS' NOVEMENT, so-called, rarlly mosns, I asuortod editorlatly moro than a year ago that opposition to railway or other monopoly was only n tangible presence yhich wan belug mado available 0 arousa the peoples that tho rolations towards middtemen muat ba reformed, if at all, tirough the adop- tion of truer businoss principles aud by mutual conceasion ; that such .m-]’.mm a8 the tariff, taxation, and financo could only be logitimatoly disenased by ltdividuals having special fitness, I fusisted that the movomont wns the assortion of tho intolligont individuality of iho eitizen, gradually evolved through the general diffusion of common school education, coupled with the vivifying influonces of tho steam motor and elavtrio tolograph, or as Mr. Schurz has_racently exprossed it very pointealy and aptly tho question is simply, “Shall tho people govern themselves?” It {s an offott to fres themsolves from the chains of par- iy thraldom, Wo bayo scen a porfeot modloy of local and State bolts from establisbed partics, maoting with varled success, and we Liayo soen t00, one sbortive national movemont, defoato: Dy an afiliation wich a defunct party, which one of ita ol‘d orgnng dosignatos as a ¢ putrid remin- iscencea Il volcano l[{'pelfl now tobeat rost, but within it is bubblng and secthivg, .Snllmrlng force for a still more powerful erup- tion. The Grango, with its socretly-marahalod forces, will soon_ attompt to assert its power, sud it, too, will ignominiously fuil. Of its fail~ uro there can be no doubt. The onthusfasm is waning, ils mewmbors are impatient of rostraint, and 1t must nocosuarily do something in the coming conyase. In itsolf it is not strong onough to win succoss, and it must nocossaril nock n combiuation with other forces, If it joing with the Republican party it cannot change tho presont siatus of tho Government. If it unites with tho Democrata it will cortainly be disintegrated, In ita failure jlos the dangor. Bo long as tho slave power could rulo they wero contant, but when dofeated they attomptod to ruin, Bo with an unecrupulons 1adorship which has tasted tho aweots of unlimited power, the incongruous ele- monts of the Grango may bo incited to any vio- Jence which mny promisa to yiold to tho Masters power and profit, UAVE I OVERSTATED THE DANGER? Are my couclusions not logitimately drawn from tho givon promisea ? Does not your own judg- ment accept them na just ? In thora the faintest resomblanco botweon thoindepondonce of thought and aation, tho froedom of speoch and of the press, the zupromacy of the peoplo as solf-rulors, the roprasentative cliaractor of choson officers, the thorough disoussion of public quostions by tho mnases, which onables judicious action and through which the publio ‘ofticer is advised of the popalar will, all of which are primary prin- ciplva of & true _domocratic ropublicanism, and the imporious, dictatorial ono wan powor of the Grango which indirectly assumes to control Congress and the Stato Logislatures, to usurp all looal nuthority, to monopolizo commorco and manage ths transportation companics, to gag ita mowbors, making thom more time-sorvers, aud virtually sorfs, aud soeking, too, to intimidata tho press and the forum, 1 appent to you, hors before mo, and the good citizons of our 1oble Republio _ovorywhers, to rise in your might sgaivst tho insidious’ on- crouchmonts of the srch-euecmy BECRECY, the monarch of darkness. Clristian duty, love of couutry, every considoration of right, and truth, and_justics , demands thia of you. And mey we not liope that the bottor duy kias already dawned upon our nation, when wiso counsols, mutual concossions, and Christian goodfellowship may ‘nubstitute the storn arbitramont of war, which, in tho egos past, hasappeared to ba tho only agoncy available in combaiing error and up- holding tho truth ? e — DECORATION-DAY AT LANCASTER, WIS. Lasoasten, Wie,, Juna 1, 1674, 2o the Eilitor of The Clicatio Tridune; Stn: Decoration-Day, in this villago, was ap- propristely aud complotely celobrated, Grant bo- ing the only county In Wisconsin which has ercctod a fitting monument to tho honor of de- partod heroes, tho Intorest manifosted was tho most intense, and toams, loadod with ani- mated humsnity, commonced coming futo town early n tho day, and, bofore the hour fixed for tho boginning of coremonies, fully 1,000 pooplo lad wrrived, The largo and beautiful yard surroundivg the Court-Housa was litorally swarming with the youth and beauty, tho o!d and earoworn, of Grant County. Ameng the atrangers prosent were Donrdman Reod, of Torney's ress, and tho ltev. James Eaton, of Portland, Oro. The Lon, J. H. Rountroo direot- od tho ceromonies. Orations were deliverod by tho Hon, A. I. Bushnoll, Prof. Purman, and the Hon. J. II, Rountroe. A beautiful decoration. pocm ways roud by Jiss Emma Sprague, Tho Bloomington Cornet Band provided music for tho occasion, ‘Tho monument in the Court- Houso square wasdecoratod with becoming tasto, and & largs procession formed, which murched to tho vilisge-vometery, whero are many graves of thoso wio gava their lives for the mainten- anco of those prinoiples which aro so dour to overy truo Amerioan hoart. The monument, about which tho {nterest of tho day couterod, 1s ono of rare boauty, and was orcctod at & cost of mnearly 88,000, of which 5,000 wag raised by tax, the bulance by sub- seription. The following is & description of tho mounment : 1t conuistn of a central mquare oholisk of white marblo, with baso and sub-base, tho whols & mounted by a_sculptursd eagle, porched on a globo, and holding & Inural-wrenth in his bank. Ou Lo east side, surroundod by a wroatl, is tho insoription: Dedicated to tho momory of the brave aoldiers of Qraut County, who fell in dufenna of universal liborty, iu the great ftobullion of A, 1), 1801, This marbly coie {aiua thoir natnes; the mauy bloody battle-fiella of the Houth contafus thulr ssbens thulr memory s forover cubiriuod fu tho Learts of {belr countrymen, Above this are canuon, flag, and =n_anchor. On the north sido is tho following insoription : Wo hiera Lighly rosolva that thess honorod dead shall not have dled In valn ; that the natlon, undor God, ahall luvo & now birth, and that governmont of the uople, by the pooplo, shall not porish from the earth, ‘Abovo this is tho anchor of Hopo, resting on thie Biblo, gurlanded. On tho weut sldo, benoath an inverted wword, I8 tho iugeription ¢ o, stesugo, o yout gouutey Lll For her we fouglit, wo're burled whore we foll, On tho south side, boneath a hand holding a clialu sud sovoral shiacklos lu tho, following from tlio Lmuncipation Proclamntion s 1 do order and declaro that all persons hiold as ulaves are, sud Louvceforth whall e, free, * Around this contral shsft, which s b feot nrlluara at the baso, and 26 fool higl, at a suita- bio diatanco are square marblo canotaphs, aach surmouuted by a tlne capital, on which is oarved & morbla catnon, pointing outward, as it to do- fend the momory of tho doad warriors from all axpersions; and ou tho tablets ars incribod the names of over 700 mon, including sll from thig county, in gomo sixby organizations of this and othor Btates, who sorvod au noldiers of the Ro- publio, and died from disense or wounds in tho nion Korvice,—tha largest number, about 100, boing in tho Tiwanty-itth Wisconsin Iofantry, nearly holt of which was rocruited in this county, The wholo 14 {nclosed by & funce of cliain, hung on marble posts sot in & stono wall, inclosing & Wall-kept grass-plat, Hoon arter thoe dovoratiou-coremonles wera comuleted, & torriblo tornado came up from the wastward, aud uudid tho work that hud but & ehiort time beforo boon so bundsumely finished, . i N —— A‘I:rufl’l Roglmen The!Duke of Ldluburgh, though « saflor, must ool bo Jaeititlod witl the tawd sorvive: thora. foro the Ninoty-ninth Bogiment of foot has been ohosen to boar his oipher and corouat on itu aolary, and heroattor will be known ue the Duke of Luinburghk's reguaont, WISCONSIN POLITICS: Tho United States Senatorship-«-Car- pentor Certain to Bo Defoated, Reformers Who Are Mentioned In Con- neotion with the Position. Candldates [in tho Congressionnl Dis- irletg--~Prospeets of the Come ing Campaign, From Our Own Corraypondent, Mapmox, Wis, June1, 1874, As /01d Probabilities” has begun to prognoss ticate tho political aqualls, whirlwinds, and hur- ricanes that may strike this State tho coming fall, it may not be unpardonablo for the writer of this articlo to indulge in tho game of guess- ing at a mark, and soo Low nesr ho may come to hitting it. In olden times, befora tho days of railronds aud Gravgors, §t was comparatively an easy matter to foreshadow with considerable ac. curacy the turn of tho politieal wheol ; Lut lat- terly it bas become o moro doubtful and difi- cult fob, a8 old things aro passing away ond ail things aro bocoming new. Intho great history of the past, woread of llitle elgo than Lloody military chieftains, Kings, and monarcks who bave playod tha tyrant; the toiling millions havo not been rogarded by the bistorian as worthy of mention; but the day has como when tlie massen have dotormined that God had somo objcot in tholr crontion, and this Jdoa Is putting atothor face on tho pbizof * Old Politics him- aelf.” In Wiaconsin there in A GENERAL WAKING U, 48 was cloarly domonstrated by the wholesale avorturning of tho old dyuasty at the last clec- tion and, in writing an article on the Congres- slonnl politica of this State, tho boarings must bo taken from tho now land-marks, and the whole subject viowed in tho light of new and radical changos in public soutimont. TIE ELEOTION OF A UNITED BTATES AENATOR, which will ocour at the noxt session of our Leg- islature, may aswoll be discussod flrst ; and, with- out any unnecessary verbiago orwasto of words, the statement may be mado thay Matt. I Cav- pentor will be a candidato for re-election; and tbat RE WILL DE DEPEATED o just as certain as It is that ho will bo a eandi- date, This msy bo regardod as & short-haud way of disposing of & man possessed of such sbility as Carpontor; but tho fact Is ho is polis tically dead to all intents sud purposes, and tho people of this Btato will bury iy romaina justza soon as the lnw will allow. I lave but littlo {aith in the Republicau party, but I have too much to believe for a moment that they can b sy possibility bo united on Carponter. Slhould my coufidenco in tho honosty of the party bo misplaced or unfoundod as regards their intentious, the proposition is guarded most complotely by tho fuat that thoy will not Lavo tho ability o elect Carpenter, even if thoy should make a united offort in his bohalf, Every omen to 0o seen jn the political hoavens indi- catos the BUGOESS, OF THE BEFORM PANTY in tho contost ; and, taking thls ns o correct viow of that caso, the necossity for considering tho chances of a list of Republican candidatos is, of course, obviated. Assuming, theroforc, thiat some oud on tho Roform sido will bo chosou to ill that honorablo position, tho quoation fol- lows, Who willhe be? Right hore comea the rub, and the reador must nocessarily accord to tho writor a considorable mnrqln for mistales, both as rogards Sonator and Ropresontatives from the toveral Congreusional Districts. Thera aro o number of gentlomen in tho Iloform ranks hoso names bavd been spoken of it connaction with tho BSenatorship, and prominent amon them we may mention H, L, Palmor, George 1f. Paul, Dr. 0. W. Wight, -&g Alesandor Mitoholl, —alt’ “of Milwankon; Glorge B. Smith, of this oity; Gabo Bouck, of Qslkouh; 'sad, just ot the presont vriting, Gov.' Tay- lor's neme is boing used quito frequently in that counoction, In cousequonco of his unflinching position on the railrond question. The propriety of sonding Gov. Taylor to the Sou- ato will, on roflection, be reconsidorod by his nany frionds, for tho ronson that Lils scrvicos can in 10 wiso bo dispoused with as Govornor ab this juncture, In ruuning over the list of names alroady mon- tionod, wa huve an array of talent of which auy State might Justly fool proud. It is not impossi- DLle that wo haye foo much ability rather than too Jittle; for ability is a good Lhinf to bave if it I8 eulisted on tho right sido, but, 1f such is not the cauo, then it is a curso rathor than a blessing to the publie, It may Lo regarded as perfectly safa o say, in this counoction, that NO RAILROAD-MAX will stand a ghost of a chance; and, should this prove trno, the Hon, Aloxandor Mitohell may wg well be strickon off the tist at once. IL L, Palm- er may, sud_may not bo, in n)‘mEnLhy with the rallronds; whother ho is or nos, tho people will Lo approbionsive, and will give tho benefit of tho Qoubt to some ono elso, George 11. Taul, the Ohairman of the Reform Btato Committes, and ono of the Board of Itailrond Commissioners, is o gontloman of ability aud enlture. o1 betior ualified to 1 ‘the Exocutive Chair of State futwe timo, to bo United States Bonator, Goorgs B, Bmich is possoased of all the bility nocossary for any position, but is ono of thoso toen who al- ways lag bohind_ publio opinion, and nover go out ddors whou it is cloar Woathor nor comoe in when it rains, When the party to whioh he be- longs ia in the minority, Lo is kappy; but, whon {¢ wing a victory, ho becomos dojected and sour, Msuy ndmire bis talonts ; but politieally speakling, Lo defeats himsolt. Dr. Wight 18, porbaps, (00 widoly kuown to neod deacribing. ‘Uhe masterly ability Lo ox- hibited in organizing tho Reform movomont, which awept the Stato Jast fail like o whirlwind hag commanded tha attontion of the whole coun- try, and thoro is an appropriatoncss in using his nawo in connoction with the Nonatorship, Other names than those montionsd will undoubtedly bo brought forward; but good timbor fora Unlted Statos Senator’ is not over-plenty when it in honostly gelocted with a view to sorve the best and highost intcroats of the Stato and country. ‘When one comes to discuss tho morits and chauces of GANDIDATEA FOR CONGRESY in the sovernl districts, much allowanes should bo made for miscaloulation. Tho olection lost Iall, which, 80 unexpoctodiy to victors as well as venquished, resulted in tho cholca of Gov. Taylor and tho entire Reform tioket by o majori- Ly that wos mimply overwholming, shows that three out of tho six strong Ropublican Districts gavo mojoritios for tho Reform ticket. The cause of tho Reform violory 1 attributed by tho victors to » change in public aentimont ; whils the Rupublicans insmst that it was caused by tho stay-nt-homes in thoir own party, and fecl confl- dorit that & aharp fight this fall will inducoe thom to stop * husking corn™ and como out and vote their regular tickot. I'ne botter and moroe rational viow is, that tho large nuwber who #taved away from tho polls on the Republican sido did so for ths rongon that thoy wounld not aguin voto the Topublican ticket, and, fearivg tu vote the Re- form tickot lest thoy should resusoitato the old Democratis purty, did not vato at all, The whale humber who voted for Members of Gongress in 1874, and who did not voto ab tho election in 1874, wau 45,975, OF this numbor, it apponrs 48,919 votod'the Tapubllcan ticket fn 1874, and 0,466 votod the Domocratio tickot, From this wo loary that, uotwithstanding Gov, Taylor wis olocted by over 15,000 mujority, yat Lls entive voto waa loss by over 0,000 thsn tho aggregato Dowooratic volo of the State the voar prévions ; and, of conrao, the futuro status of this lurgo nutber of voters,should they bo called out by the ozcitoment of a hot contest, Buch us tho approach- ing ono promises to bo, forms the basis for any anionnt of conjootura and spoculation, The doubt und_uvcortainty sttouding tho caso will tond to make both parties put forth thoir best olforts, espocially in tho districts roferrod to, Tught hero we may asy that tho Eighth District which wes cartied Dy Washburn by only 259 winjority, may us well L inoludod in the list that will bo contestod for by the Reformors. TUE FINST DINTRIOT may bo concedod to the Republicans withont any eoromony whatoyer, Oharloy Willisms, of Junes- villo, way olocted from ihis district by 6,280 Ropublican majority ; and, although Washiburn's mnjovity last fall woa only 2,690, yob Williama' wopularily prooludes tho suuuihfllty of hia do- l’mfi-. Ho will undoubtedly bo ealted upon to disouss tho question, howaver, with the on, John Winaus, ot his own olty,—a man fully bis oqual buth as rogards popularity kud ability, and who, with anything ke anoven hand, could compael Qharley to play for dosr life, But noth- fug oan over induco old Kock and Walworth tho at somo than Countlos to bisliove that Slavery hna beon abol. inbied or ever will bs, and they will fight ou until doomedny. Gharley undoratands this, aod has a ood thing, probably, for all time to come, In act, lio ba only to ropont his npeoolies tuat ox- oltad thoir toars fiftson yors ago, nnd they en- Jo tham batier so (hoy “bocoms oldor and older, I thore wus evor any dangor of Nopublioaus bo- coming dissatisfied in that part of the State, the gront poach of Matt Carpontor at Janoaville on the Balary-Ston! sot them all right, and they will nover .}Auo.u«m the purity and iutogrlty of the Ttopubfican party ngain, THE SECOND DIATRIOT. In thls distriot, Jerry W. Hazolton's majority (Rnrubumn) was 1,624; and "Laylor's majority in tho maine district last fall wau 928, Iazelton will undoubtedly seek » ronomination, and, from the prosont comploxion of things, tho old as- pirants who have hithorto enviod him will be willing to lot Lim do the danaing f bo will pey tha fiddlor. On_thoe Reform sido wo may mon- tion as probablo candidaten tho Ion. R. 1. Dovis, of this county; Willlam Vilas, of thia clty; and A, G Cook, of Columbus. Othora night bo namea, but there is so much good tim- bor in this distriot thet it is imposaible to conjeo- ture who will bo the succosstul oandidate on the Roform side, Whoover is will, withous much doubt, bo eldoted. TIE THIRD DIRTRICT. The Ifon, J. Allon Barber carricd this diatrlot by a Ropublicna majority numbering 3,805, whilo it gave Uov, T'aylor 303 majority at the last'elec. tion, The closencas of tho voto in this district will undoubtedly make tho contest intensoly sharp, and the whole yoto will, in all probability, o at the polls, On tho Ropublican sido, Georga C. Hazolton will no doubt bo tho color-bearer,— Barbor doclining & rouomination, in_compliance with » provious undarstanding with Hazelton on thot subjoct. Among the prominent cuus didates on the Roform sido, ex-Gov. Dewsy, of Grant Cnnnli; Allen Wardon, of Lefayolto; O. I, Chompson, of Greenj and Jolur Luwfsr, of Crawford, are good mon, Thia disirict, iko tho Second, ia woll snppliod with cholce’ Raform material; and tho pro- diction that aomo of it will bs olected to Con- gress at tho next election will be veritind, J TIE FOURTIL AND FIFTIL DISTRICTS are solid Roform, 20 to apsak. In the Fourth, Mitchioll's majority in 1872 was 0,131, aud Gov, ‘Taylor's in 1878 was 11,073, In tha Fufth Eldrodgo's majorly for Cougroas was 3,030, and ov. ‘I'aylor's majority was 0,013, In the Fourtn, Cotzhausen, Qon. F. . West, Hamil- ton, Caty, Lindskopt, sud othora, are spolon of 5 and they aio splendid material from which to meko o scloction, Iu the Fifth, or Eldredgo's District, thero will be a_chango, and somo Ro- former not possossing Back-Yay proclivities will be sent to Congress. Among guod men fiom whom to make tho cholco are Gen. Bragg,—that Y\l‘mce of good follows,—Sem Burchard, Col. Kroz, Ool. Cochrane, and soveral othors, oither of whom would be an honor to bis district, "1t is usoloss to predict who will receive thie nomi- uation in either of the two last districts named. THE BIXTH DISTRICT. This district gave Philesus Sawyar, Ropubll- can, 8,410 Majority in_ 1872, and Clov. Teylor in 1873 carvied it by 887 meforiy. It may bo safoly met dowi a8 o lteform dintrict; and,” whils the Lonor will bs sought Ly soveral good men, it is quite mafe o unfl that the Hon, Gabo Bouck, of Oshkosh, Dins tho Inngest polo and will tuke the peraim: mouny, Douck is one of those bold, fourlosa men_who, when ihey know a thing is nght, stand up to it and hate svorybody who won't. He Las the confidencs and commandy tho re- spoct of men of both partiss, and, should ho rocaive the namination, nobody will Yoto agalnet Lim excopt euch as don't swear; and such mon aro scarce up in that part of the Biato. TIE BLYENTI DISTRIOT. ‘This diatrict wos cartiod by Jore Rusk by & Topublican majority of 7,636, and 1n 1873 gave Washburn for’ Governor only 1,640 majority. This_and tho First District are quito similar; for Rusk, liko Ouarloy Villiams, 1 popular ; but it will be observed, by the great “"mE off of the Kopublican vote, that all tho Ropublican pino didn't got to the mill last fall, and, if this kind of lumber continues to diminish during 1874, Jore mny bo boston. It may with somo show of ronson bs said that thoro {s at loast a ray of hopo that Col. Rudolf, David Fulton, or somo otuor good Reformer, may change places with Iuwk, Btranger things happonod last fal, and may sgaigt “THE RIQHTI DISTRICT, At tho last Congreasional cloction, this dls- trict gave Dr. McDill 8,478 Rapublican muj Yy and was catriod by Washburn ot tho last election Dy only 289 majority. As I have alroady remarked in montionng this district, tho small majority given Washburn will not be regarded by tho Re- formors ag at all indicative of futuro Ropublican sucaesy, and thoy will ontor tho told with » wids- awako detorminition to carry it, In all proba- bility, ths and the Third District will bo the ground on which tho hottest battloa of the eam- paign will be fought. BeDill will withont doubt bo ronominatod by the Ropublicans, and the in- dications ero that Judgo Cato, 2 man of storling integrity, who haa occupiod tho Bonch with great lemtn“ for mauy years, will bo the Reform candi- ata. Tho foregolng conjcotures, so far g they re- Iate to candidatos, ara brsod mainly upou the opinione of mon of difforent localities whoso Judgmonts and aagacity aro worthy of considera~ tion’;_ whilo tho cotclusions regarding results aro founded on _the inexorablo flgures of tho last eloction, snd the causes which ovorthrow a party that considored itsolf invinciblo. Again, the Ropubfican loadors dars not squaraly sustain the Roform Stats Administration in its offorts to force the reilronds into obedionce, last by 80 do- ing they should insure its popularity, aud tura over their rank and fite to the suppert of tho Refarm party. The unavoidablo result of & hos- tllo attitudo toward the Administration in its ef- forts to protact the people will lnuvikabl& ac complish the very thing they sock to avold, and in either event the Republican party must suffer A moro ignominious dofoat at the next clection iu this Stato then it did laat fall. 5 NicorAus, g A GALLANT DEED. Granispa, Towa, May 20, 1874, To the Edftor of The Chicago Tribune: Bin ;I write to givo you the porticulars of a most daring fent porformed by an engineor in saviug the lifo of o lLittlo child at tho riskof imsolt boing killod. At 12m, I took an extra froight et Bhenan- doah, on the Nebrasla City Drauch of tho Chi- oago, Burlington & Quiney Railread, golug south to Hamburg, When nearing the littlo Lown and gtation of Farigut, I heard tho whistlo sound for brukes, aud, 86 the samo time, was noarly thrown out of tho door of the cabooso-car, at which I was standlug. On looking forward, I saw & man and child fall ahead of the engine, oulside of tho track, tho ongino and {rain rushing by moantime with great spoed, though soon stopped. Upon in- quiry 1 found that the evgineor, Jack Evaus, u}mn rounding s gurve, djscoverod achild 2years old lying botwoon tue tracks, not 1aoro than 160 feok whoad of the fast-going train, 1o at onco " soundod brakes, rovorsod the engino and ran out on tho engine, and, when within. 20 feet of the child, jumped forward, caught tho child by tho arm, and euccoodod in lhm\viu!{ himeolf and the ehiild from tho track, although the whouls of tho ongino rubbod Ins Dboot-hools hard as he wout from tho tracl, 'Cho motlior hied dlscoverad tho child when tho whistle sounded, and mudo s fow frantlo offorts to ronch the infant, thon fell for~ ward in o swoon, ‘8s 8ho saw, ns sho supposed, hor child evusbod by the ongine; uor could sha bollevo for s long tite attor but' whut it was so, and, when I suw Alr. Evaus hand her the cild, and pak hor in Gad's namo to keep tho little ono from tho track, *as,” sald lnl‘ “*1don’t liko such obs; they oxoite mo a littlo," I thought, llow ravo o manl_cool, colleotod, and roady, when, I rasuro you, all otliers wore oxcitod. e hos the nervo, thought, and action ra}ulx'ad by mon of Lis calling. + B, AnxsTRoxa, —_————— TEMPERANCE AT CROWN POINT, IND, Crowy PorsT, Lake Oo., Ind,, June 2,1874, 6 the Editor of The Chicago Lrjbune: Bin: Tho Hon. William M. Daxter, of Rich- wond, Ind., and Dr. W. If. Gray, of Chesterton, Ind,, addrossod a large temparanco-meoting horo laub oyening, DMr. Laxter is a practicsl man, grasping at anco tho longth and brosdth of his subJoot, aud backing it up with such sound ar- guinonts that the most skeptival could not rail to B0 tho consistoucy aud sounducss thercof, Ie spoko noatly two fiours, bolding his audionoo by hus eloquenco in profound sllonce. Dr, Gray followad, giving a briof hiutory of the succoss of Lthe tomsperauce-movement i ploslug up evory - usloon in his town (Chestorton), sud urged tha " citizons of our town to “‘go and do likeyis As Mr, Baxter bad consumod most of the ovon- ing, it lete but littlo timo for Dr, Qray to sponk, Lut what ho did pay was oloquont andto tho point, T, —— A Jorsoy Jonrnulist Losos ¥iis Alle From tha Albuny Argus, An ex-editor of » Jersoy Olty paper arrived at tbo Delavan Iouse last evoning, and tolls the follow] uf)-ww: *'As e approuchied the Grand Qentral Dopot, New York, yesterdsy mioruing, to take the 10:30 expross, he noticed two vory prot- ty and ologantly-drossed young ladlos, whocame up and treated him as an'old aoquaiutavce, and Lo, thinking it was a cane of mistaken idontity, thouglit o Would_carry tha thing through snd hayo somo fun, They informod him that thoy Lad prooured a aection in the drawing-room car, aud invitod 1t to tske a noat thorolu, Io did 5o, and enjovad a vory ploasant rido of two hours, On the arrlval of ‘the train at Iough- koopsio, both tho ladies put thelr arms around Dilw nock, sud kinsod him good-by. 1o stepped in tho dining-room and ato somo lunch and ro- turncd to the train, when, to his disminy and alatm, he found he was minus his pocket-hook, cl;nml.nhlg two ten-oout stamps lmrn fivo-cent Ppioce,” THE PRODUCE EXCIIANGE. 1ts Xnaugurntion Yestordny Aftore noon=Spocches by President Doxter nnd Othorss according to the plan, bo thros timos as large tho British Musonm, the largest institution of tho kind in tho world, Tha iroat objaot of th museum {s two-fold : Tirat, to Interost and lnfi struct tho masaos ; and secondly, and aspocialiyl to rondor all thio nssistanco possiblo to spocials uty, ‘I'he lbrary givon by Mina Wolle to tho Muno-) am will bo placed intho Manaard story. Thi library, with a large collection of sholls, also dos natod by Miss Wolfe to the Musoum in memorg - of hor fathor, who was its first Proaidont, wag prrobasod by hier from Dr. Jay at & cout of 85,4 000. Tho other collections ‘st prosent 1n ths temnorary Musoum could not bo obtamned for leas than'8250,000, A rare and noarly complotq werlen of American birds, aud mauy fino birds of paradise and phonsants, now in the_oolloction, wore fitst purchasod of Mr. D, G, Elifot. 'Lha Trusteos noxt purchascd the coilection of Prince Maximilian, of Nouwied, on the Rhiue, abova’ Bonn, and aftorward purchased a large nimbor of choico specimons bolonging to the lato 1de The inauguration of the Produce Exchange took place yosterday aftornoon in the pew Ex- chango Hall, cornor of Lako and Olark atrects. I'ho place looked elogant and inviting, nnd the ntiondancs of moembers was very Jarge, molud- ing the oficors and many membors of tho Board of Trade. TRE PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS, The mecting was called to order by tho Pront- dent, Mr. O, I. Doxler, who deliverod an ad- dress, from whioh tho following extracts are mado ¢ On tho Gth of April Jast a call was lsgned to all porsona intorosted to meot in conferenco on the guostion of eatablishing » Producs Exchauge in this clty. The mooting was hold, and the Uom- mittas then appointed to invostignto aud roport !nhnu&]auuuy callod o mauuntg April 17, and ro- rortn in favor of its organization; on May 9, ho Association, with » momborship of 204, olcoted ofllcors for its flrat yoar. A large part of tho momaorship have jolned thio_Asuosistion of their own motion, and since its officors and mom- bors ntognau luquirmg o8 to its prospeativo membership, aud addressed themsolves to tho task of building on tho foundation alraady laid, the outire absonca of solfiah motives, and the Liarmony of gontimont which charactorized the work of organization from its incoption, and its substantial indorsement as attostod by its largo and increaning memborship, oould resnlt only from an abiding conviotion that suoh an orgnui- zation is inperatively needod, and will work to tha benofitof all who give it (heir oaruost co- oporation. ‘Che Produco Exuhnnfio of Ohicago joins hands with the producers of the Northwont in seeuring these products s recognition in the markets of tho world on their merita, which need no fic tions bolstering and should submit to no in- vidious discrim{oation. The speakor prodicted that the timo wns not far distant when tho dairy products of the Northwest will bo as favor- ably snd distiuctivaly known throngh thie com= morcial world as aro {ta grain or othor products, Stalistics were thon given from the report of tho Northwestorn Dairymen's Assosiation, and tho estimatos made that 10,000,000 checso will be produced in Illinois, Iowa, wud Wisconsin this yoar, ‘The imperfoot ranorts of tho moyomont of chooso furnished additional roasou for an association that will oouro a more nerfect rocord, Furthor romarks woro mde concorn- ing the increasing domand from Enclsnd for Amorican chooso aud buttor, rad nn oxtract taad from the laut veport af tha Northwestern Dairymon's Association, muggenting the profit ot n dairy excliango in Chicago ns in, Now York. A large part of the produts of ths Northwest which o olipped in small lota by broken lines totha sonbonrd, and thonco exportod, eat b ex- Jorted diroo tiom Clicago on throlgh bills of ading, totho material advantagoof ullconcerned. Unity of action on the part of the raprosenta~ tivew of theas intarests will giva thom tha power not merely fo invite, but to scoure, the attend- ance of Enstern and Luropoan capital st their own homo market in sufficient strength to afford promptand uatiafactory rosulta, The substantial advantages of such a coursa aro too obyions to need enumeration, Periodical exhibitious aud trade-sales woskly, or as often ns expediont, when sales mey bo made while tho £00ds 810 ot their best, avoiding thoe shrinkage, delays, dawago, aud dofacoment inseparable from trannportation snd transforring them to tho buys er, whoee constant oxperionog onables him to ro- duce thewo drawbacks to & minimum and protect himself from thoir offccts, Or, if pricos are not matisfactory, tho ulternative remains of shipmoent suywhore or ample storage room of tho best quaticy, ‘b Producs Exchango earnostly invitos the co-oporation of tha manufacturors of duiry pro- duetis in onkire confidoneo that their intorosta will be greatly promotod thereby. — Othor inter- eats equally nood tho bonofits unity of action only can accura, Notable among theso ia tho frait tredo of our city, o business which moro constantly than any athor needs an intelligont foundation for prompt and vigilant action. We invita tho co-operation of the Board of Trade and similar associations, end of tho citi- zoms of Chicago, in the maintenanco of o high ntandard of commorcial intogrity and the honor- ablo advancement of tho matarial intorosts of our city; of the preas of the city in tho diffusicn of information of common_interest and benoflt; and of tho producors and shippers of tho conn- iry in 20 far and 8o long only an tho samo shall prove for the advancoment of thoir iutorosts. R, CHARLES RANDOLPH, Beoretary of tho Board of Trado, boing called for, brought thio rogrots of Presidont How that he could not bo Frusouf., e gave assurauco that tho Board of Trado wishoed for tho now organization abundant muccess, valuo, and tho nceossily for grestor attention to tho dairy products of the Wost, which were dostinod " to bocome s great source of wealth, Tho timo was noar at haud when Wostorn men heod no fongor bo mortified at the inforior uality of their products, and whon ordors from tho East could bo filled at onco in Chicago, thus doing away with tho officen of the Now York commission mon. The valuo of tho Exchanzo would bo found in the fact that thare would al- ways bo o ready market, A groat improvoment bad takon place in tho quality of dsiry products, aud it wns in tho powor of the Exchange to still further olovato the standurd. The same would ba true of the other articlos under tho general liead of produce, including fruits and vogotables. - Chicago had facilitios for gatherivg_these products aud supplying the wholo world, and Lo congratulaiod tho Ixchauge upon its anspicious naugnration. Mr. Joneg, of Philadaiphia, was callod for, but did ot think proper to respond. OTHER ADDRESHEW, Mr, J. M. Oyrus, of Chicago,naid he expoctad to Do eailed ou for n Bpeech, but had made no prapa- ration, He spoke of othor than articles of dniry produco which shoutd find thoir way to the Chicago markot, roferring to tho articlo of cotton. Chicago should epply her energics to this trado, and he believod that buyers aud manufacturers could bo brought hors. The day way not remota when Chicago would bo tho load- ing tea-market of the contincnt, Ile beliaved that this organization would bo instrumental in soouring theso ,grand rosulls, just as tho Bonrd of Trado lind awelled tho grain trade to such un- oxamplod proportions, Alr, John Tait followed in a brief specch, urg- ing the importance of giving character to the organization, which could only be dono Ly o seuso of individual rospousibility on tho part of overy member. Lot this bo an Inatitution of which Chleago could bo proud, and which the surrounding country would valuo, Mr, 8. I, Chaso invoked hoarty co-oporation fo enlinnco tho usefuluoss aud muccona of the organlzation, aud give it the prominemce it shoutd have, r. C. 8, Drownell spoko of the outly history of tha produce trade of Chicago, when tho doal- ors fod tho chickons and roturned tho coops freo; when they shouldored the fow pench- baakots to send them baclk; when thoy indulged in glowiug hopes of tho futurc—haopos that wero ronlizod sooner than any had dared to prodict. No clags of men reouporated so fast atter the grant fire as did tho produce-dealors, who struclk boldly oub to recover tho lost trade. Conntry doalors and producors only wanted a rogularity and yolidity fu tho Chivsgo market to mako it the biggost markot in America, This Exchangs would fultlll that purposo, and would bo the arbitor botwesn the producor eud consumer, Other lmmlemon followad with briof upeachos, aftor which tha Exchango adjourued. —_— American Muscum of Natural History. "Tho Trusteen of tho Ameriean Mutoum of Nat~ ural History have duvited a large numbor of dis- tinguished porsous to witnees tho ceromony of Iaying tho corner-stone of thoir now fire-proof bullding, lu process of aoroction for the Musoumn Dby the Dopartment of Publio Parks, on Manlist- tau squaro, Eighth avenuo and Soventy-sovonuth streot, ‘Tle coremonywill take place noxt Tues- day aftornoon, As tho objeot of tho ‘L'rustecs ie considorod a natiousl ons, tho Iresidont, Gou. Qrant, ha siguitied his intontion of boing pros= out to'lny the cornor-stono, ‘'ho sollostions will be bought and cared for h{ monoys contributed by the ‘I'rusteos Individually and tho public, bub tho building now in progress will bo orected at thio oxpansc of tho city, which hss alroady ap- propriatad €500,000°' for ihis purposs. The land covers about elghtoon soros, All tho outslde work will be fivished by No- vombor next, und the iuterior by April, 1875, Tha bulliing, of which thero is only a wootion now {u gourws of ersotion, will, when completod roalizing its .| o, ward Vorronux, of Paris. Largo donations of uhellw, corals, and minerals havo boon receivad, 23 also o colloction of 20,000 msects. THE RAILROAD QUESTION. «@ranger Logislation.? From the New York Bulletin, Nay 28, THX DAD FAITIL OF THIE GRANGENY, Among the political lessons of the times therg in nona moro significant than tho hoste wilk which Loglalatures fall into conformity with pop ular agitations which aro whally subvorsive of the fundomontal rights of citizonship and of llrom.\xl{. I'ho Intost i1lustration of this politieal dangor {s afforded by tho ready rospontio of tha Wontern Logialatura, and also of too many mom= DLors of Congross, to the unrcasonablo demauds of ths Graugers rolativo to the railronds, Tho offact of the lawa already enacted in cor= taln of the Wostorn Btates is todoprive thoe roads of self-manngomont; to_subjoet thelr carninga to the will of & Btate Commiission made up of politicians controlled by tho influoncas of politios nud popular clamor; o dofoat thoso coutracta botweon coiinceting roads by which the earning capacity of tha roadn is nugmented aud gcoue omios of tiansportation ofested ; aud, in & word, to neutraliza all thoso freight-arrangements by which tho roads are onablod at tho sawo timo to carn fair proflts, and yot bonofit tho publis by attracting tho largost possiblo amount of traflic. In this logisletion, tho reilroads aro treated ns cnamios of tho public,and the oxtranas ous control to which thoy afo subjocted fa necossarily oxercisod without any ragard to the ability of the copauies to oarn” intarest upon theircapital, Ratlrond capital in theroforo mado subsorviont Lo State control, without " Btato ro- spoukibility for tho ndequacy of its oarnlugs or power on the part of tho compuny to fusurs dua romunoration for its investmont. In prineiplo, this futorforonce with tho rights of proparty amounts to legalized robbery snd confiscation, Tt norzex tho proporly of aauaciated citizons aud uses it for common purposes upon torms which rondor tha property moro . or loas valuos less as an investmont, theroby donpoile ing one class - of citizons to bencit auothor. In point of injustice, this priuciplo i far worse than sgrarianisid or any otnor thoory which anmbilalon tha rights of property; for, in this cage, thoro is no plea that the owner- slip can bo traced baclk to au unjust mothod of noquiring pousossion, n logal quid pro quo have ing boon iu nll cases rendsrod by the gorporas tion for whatevor proporty it holds. Ths I3 tho light in which Granger legialation presonts iteclt to the ownors and mortgazeas ot railroad-property. Tho investmonts in this kind of p rby, within the United Statos, amount to $3,250,000,000, threo-fourths of which i owned by American citizons, In other word, $2,500,000,000 of sccurities held Ly our own pooplesud §750,009,000 0¥uod by Europoaucredia tors aredirectly threatoued by the principleof tha- railrond agitation. It amounts ta tuis, there~ foro, that the auricultural population, to far ug it sympathizas wilh this movoment, nfirma ity roadiness to rondor this onormous iuve:bmont unproductive, if noed ve, to securs trausportae tion upon their own terms, Grangorism wonas this, and nothing less, It fg, theroforo, an at= tompt at ono of the most stupeadonn sots vf injustico ever undertakon fn tho nurmo of lwwl For torty years, the capital of the country has. beon flowing into railonds, under laws and! charters which guarantesd to the companica th common_ rights of property. Up to_this l!m% tho earningn of thesa investmsnts, takitg themd a3 a vholo, huvo fallen below the zve: upon tho omploymont of cspiil. el facilitios afforded 'by tho roads for rouchs, ing tho mukots Lave incronsed th value of farms, upon an avorago for tho Unito Siates, from $11.14 per acra in 1350 to $22.70 por) noro in 1870; * whleh neceusarily imphos 4 corro. sponding increato in tho value of farm-products to tho producer. Tho capital thus advanced, wi . comparative loss of jnterestto the invostor, b thus boon tho miain causo bf o doubling of the valug of farms, whilo it han rondorod farming possible upon millions of acres of virgin landy which must _othorwiss lhave romained une productive, Thess ecnormous outlays for the transportation of farm-products Linve boen made in good faith that tho investors would bo pormite ted to dorlve n falr return for the uorvicos row dored, ®ud in contidonco that tho class chiotly benetited would seo to it that the rightt and Pri\'llngca necossary to o just com ponation would bo guarantood to thom, Uhoy have nover had the remotest idon that the onsi of justico presumably inberont in our peoplo, nud the guutu)u:lt{ of mteroata botween producert and cavriers, could allow that guarauteo to bs imporiied. ub what is tho fact? Whon tho farmers hayo sccured those immense benefits from the roads, thoy mays thomsclvea in “ Grangen,” and by the torror of the batlot-box compel their representa- tives to doprive roada of aeif-management, und adjust freight-charges to suit the producerd, If Iaw can bo thus unjustly perverted, what securls tyisthore for corporate investmonis? Clontly ono ; for in thet case Iaw becomes tho mora tool of & majority for compolling ono clues to appropriato its property for thy 8orvice of ane otlior without dua componsation. It is o matter of iuflnite rogrot that o larga and influential clays of American citizons should hinve Loen found willing to commit themselven to an aot of uuch glaring injustico and bad faith, ‘Thoir agitation reveals a condition of political worals which is anything but houorsble to the nation, aud anything but conducive to confi- dence in our investments, If chera is o funda. montal dishonosty in the Loarts of largo tnassea of our poople, the basis of our hones of commor- cinl groztuces is gone, and tho futurs of tha Republio is imperilod, Alroady tho offects of the distrust which this legialatlon necesuarily creates ro beginning to appesr. Among the capitalist-olass of this city thoro iz a vory- ‘marked disposition to avoid all employments of capital in ths West, aud ospeeially in thoss States tainted with this unjust logiska- tion, his foeling 18 1o Kuggostsd so tauok by auy approbionsion that tho prirciple of the Wiscongin law can survive tho test of the Si. rome Court,—for on_that point no doubt ox« 1ste,—bul by tho consideration that a peoplo wha viill deliberatoly commit themsalves to such bad faith us is involved in_tho Granger railrond luwe &ronot to_be wmf trustod in any form. Wis. couslu and Tows will soon discover that, in tho publio ostimation, thoy have placed thorsolves in_company with Missivsippi, Minaocsota, und othor $tates which have dared to Jightly ostcom the claims of creditors and the rlf;llll of prop- crty. Thoir present courss is suleidul. Thoy Lavo adopted laws which cannot bo sauctioned by the Buproma Court of the nation, aud which will, thorofaro, fail to accomplish tho unjust purposo contemplated ; and all thoy gain {sa bormunont degradation of charactor, e b aek Gur Forosts. The Comamitteo on the Publio Lands fn tha Touso, in anuwer to s momorlul from the Ameri- can Aswociation for the Advancoment of Scfouco, have propared s bill for the‘nmwu.lmmntu( . Commissionor of Torestry. Thero is also o ro. port giviug n careful estimato of tho percontazo of woodlauds in the following countrios : 20 return| Deunirk, 7|Grent Bri s{lortiigal , T tho United Statow tho Bonthorn Statos come first, with amounts of from 40 to G0 por ceut. Pl Bustorn, Middlo, and Northwastorn States from 20 to 40 por cent, aud the Wostoyn and Trairio Stutos trom 5 to 40 por cout. - Minols is tnoed at 10, Wisconsin 20, and lown 16 per cent. Jovada, Arizous, Dakots, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Wyoming ara compuratively' troce Josn, Of pine, tho eatimnte is fu feett + 1,800,000,000 s 000,000,000 Pennsylvani 7,000, 000,0.0 Mlehigan 50,000,004,00 Mlnuiol ,000,L00,04 Wisconain 0,000,008 Went Viegiy o T,000,000,060 Virginta (sellow piie] L 1000000 Bouth Caroliua, Lo Noxth Carolina, o 1,800000,000 Florida 1,700,000,000 Georgla,.. 1,500,000,000 “Total oant of Rocky Mountains, ,,.,105,440,000,000 Dominion furosis,.eessreesies + 13,000,000,c00 Total enst of Mocky Mountaina. ,,,.176,440,000,000 Weat of Rucky AOuntuliti, oo ey - T0,000,000,000 Total United Btates sud Canads ., 245,640,000,000