Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 15, 1874, Page 7

. HOR. e Tit EGects Prodiiced by Weep- iz Nerses, gelf-Reliance Needed, Instead of Seli-Pity. How o Prévent the Centralization of - Capital. : An Investigation' Among the { Shirt-Makers. : How Much They Earn, and What They e wh Uoml_nl_njn 05 i 8uggestion of a Co-operitive Society " of Bewing Women. ' Some Remarks by NMrs. Swissholms o the Blitor.of The Chicago Tribune: ; Sm: After the battle of thio- Wilderness, when [ was surgeon in charge of the hospital located inthe Old Theatre, Princess Ann streot, Fred- ericksburg, I went, after dark one evening, into tao dispensary that was next door, in tho Catho- | Jic Church. ThoreI mot a stirgeon just in from the " front” after supplies.. He told us of tha tbattle which hiad 'that day been fought at Spoti- sflvanis,—the battlo” in which the white-oak {ree, 18 inches across, wos cup down by Mime- rifle balls.’ Mo described it as terrible. Our army had been repulsed. A council wis to be Held {hat evening to determine whether the sttack should be renewed -next day. 'He said, if it was, that that would be the - “*"* ' BLOODIEST DAY OF THE WAR. e thought .we would Lo whipped and driv back... It would be impossible to dislodge Lee. Btill, be thonght Grant would fight. : The nozt day was' One of great anxiety to the few 0f us who knew this much; and I stald, thal night, with my patients, until 13.0’clock. At 81 was waked by the sound of a multitude pouring down the cross street, around the corner én which® my ‘lodgings were, and on dowa Princess A, toward the river and Washington. I lay sume time listoning, and the sounds in- creased: * I conoluded: that the battle had been renewed, and thac we had had another Bult Run disaster. I arose, dressed, and started for my Thestre.. To get tait, I must cross the street down which the stream pourcd, choking it from side to eide,—men, horses; mules, caissons, can- Bon, WAgous, OXoD, COWS,~~ S ' .1 . IN UTTER CONFUSION. . 1t had appeared £s if the onemy could not be far behind ; but, with the sid of a vidette, I got scross the rapidly-moving streaw; and reached my post. It wasa time I wasapt tobo thdre, for. the men’ seemed to need most- care sbout 4 ’clock in tho morning. After daylight 1 wont ap to & room over an engine-house, which 1 had hoard was fcll” of men in bad condition, and I fourd that.nurses wero getting excited, #nd going to 100k at what ‘eemod to bo the fiy- ing army. 5 ik :-Thero I found a men who needed to have a {foot amputated, and went on to tho Court-Hounse totell the surgeons. When I went in-the ex- prassion of the men's faces indicated great do- pression, snd I thonght some one had told them ©f-the ront of onr ariny ; but soon s ‘lady-nurse gross from s Lnealing posture and camo down tho room, aod I sew what the matter was. She Bad wept until her face was all swollen, and was STILL WEEPING BITTERLY. 3 Iwent to her and- asked ' what hed huppened. She conld ecarce reply for obs. The poor fel- low was golng to die, and “wanted her to write s letier to his mother. It was uselees to talk to kér sbout Inlling othor poor fellows with griet foronc. - She counld not control her signs of sor- Tow, and was in tbe wrong place to exhibit thom. We hiad, by that time, grown rich'in Fredericks- burzh. ~ We were, in fact, so increased in goods that we had altost reached the point .of-those who ‘have need of nothing;™ for we had ha aud'muslin to feake pillows to lay on the bric! bBoldiera that supported many a fainting head. Thore were even caces 'of Juxury, in which we could-sow the edgos of & blanket togother, get an ormfal of hay to put intodt,“and 6o bavo foi & prince. Are. - J. Ingersoll, of Washington, had found Some women to help, and was making hay-piliows 23 fast as nimble fingers could turn them' out ; and I suggested to a surgeon the propricty of sehding the weeping rurse to mske pillows, The plan' struck him fuvorably. He promised to relieve ber, and sond meri-after tho'one wliose foot must be ampu- tated, and 1 went to the- hlethodist Church. I know that Miss Hancock, of Philadelpbis, and some male nurses who had boen stationed thera bad been sent to tho general ‘hospital, jast es- tablished in tonts, There I found ono of the - GADDEST GROUPS OF MEN Tevermet, The floor was literally.covered with them, except narrow. aisles betwaoen the rows. They had had less than the usual care that mora- ing, and sppeared very snifering and despond- ent. -1 began to wet and dress wounds, to send after miseing ® nurses, snd to talk, I bad leaned the .art of talking, not Joud, but deep, to make my voice heard a long distance by lowering it instesd of raising it. 8o, I conld dress s wound, and’ talk to haif a ward, withouf mnking a noise. I was very busy 2t ono side of the house, and the mon had il started to talking or listening very eagerly, when thoso at the other side began: to over to know what was going on. I was dreasing & very puinful and dangerous .wound, thinking of the great doubt whether ke who had won in it would ever again sao home or friends, and he holding his sides to Jaugh easier ; when e called out, in snawer {0 8 comrade on the other side of the Douse, Oh, Jim Do get her to como and drass your wound! I swear she'd x MAEE A DEAD MAN TAGGH!" None of them knew me, sad all must have thought me undignified, perhaps bard-hearted, slthaugh none of thom kriaw of my grave appre- honsions that we should all bo prisoners beforo the sun set; but I -knew their chencos for life were improved by their laugh and the fund of talk farvished for that day. I sm quite certain that no amount of tesrs I could bave shed for them, no degreaaf, gel(-pitglcanld have zronsod in them, would haye been half o good for them s that good laugh. If men are sufferiug ana in desparate care, send away the weeping nuracs. Give -thom _hops, ‘courzge, cheorfulness,—not foolhardiness, not bravado, but truoconrage and the purpose of self-helpfulness, 3 To my mind, the condition of many laborin men, this past winier, has been very like that o! e Union scldiers in Fredericksburg about the time I gpeak of,—i. e., whan Gen. -Graat made his famons change of baso; and if 1 had charge of their oade, I shonld . SEND AWAY ALY THY, WEEPING NURSES,— All the folks who are heiping them to be miser- #b18, it tetching them self-pity instesd of self- reliance. True, we have some rather bad fetidralship on the partof politioal traders. The great army of laborors got into & wilderness of financial gchemes, and bave been protty fodghly handled. They are in trouble, mo douot ; but A ‘pound of sorrow mever paid in’ounce of ‘debt, ten pounds loss yet!™ Thers ‘must bo some ‘better way'out of the iroable than a bridge of sighs, or canal of salf, 2t tears, with groans for & propelling power. I2 it not 'bettef £o learn the' strength and posi- tion “of the - eriemy, find ont just who and what fie is, roolve to fight it out, but to changs base 9f take anothor if thoy esn’ find 8 better (7116‘? If * concentrated e:}!i(l! " ig their.Les, let {hem adopt some rational plan of preventing {16 concentration of ‘eapital.* Leet them cense to Dlay into the hands of .concentrationtsts, by do- ‘e all that in them lies to provent the diffasion 3¢ capital by natural 1aws. , T ~“There is 1o use trying to govern any class of mer by laws wlmlel{’ foreign .to their mature, v every one must be able to see that very flmvflrfimofhen* Rl s e NEVER - CAN OB WILL - 2 tocumulate or keep capital. 'Thoe- best illustra- Hon of thin fact ihat T hove'aver met 1§ that of t t Bmith and hisschoolmate. - The Istter, on 39 death of his 1ather;:came into poseession of ‘:!d with house, furniture, stock, implements, 1:fl things neceseary to a “coinfortabls -bome d°paylog’ business;” but “he -sold ont, lost o 8alo, sold ‘his' ziext-‘home, and 087 mext, " alyayg - % 3 1ys - 10! til he " w: illéss 253 very His old achoolmate, ving ' iray, hisTarge patrimony, in 0 treele, ndle en, gave 8'house :Eg lot, bt todk the. recanfléx‘:; %0 docd it 15 bi dldren:.- For- - while the restiens mman was Tey hapoy in'his i “When'he found | per ceat redustion, this is 20 per cant. himself and family homelesa onco more, ha exclaimed in grea: bittornces: ¥ “Thera! Gerrit Smith has ruined mo!” He bellevod this, aud never forgave the man who had provented that trade which would sure- 1y have made bis fortune. Do not all intelligent workingmen see that there ars sneh persony IN ALL RANES OF LIFE? > Tho son of a millionaire becomes & pauper. One merchant grows rich, and ninety-nino dio poor. One preacher gets & larg galary; snoth- er, quite 8 good, is half-starved.. Fifty presch. ers cko out 8 bare living, while one keeps a corrisge. One mechanlo becomes a. mill- ionaire, wltxln filty, with equal chances, spend cach month's wages 88 goon 8s, or even before, they aro earned. ~The difference is’ not one of moral' worth.: The rich man may be mesn, the poor generous and mnoble, or it may be the ve: reverse; and, while all should feel that * Wort] mikes the man, the want of it the fellaw,” no oue shou'd 8o rely on his individual worth as to neglect all lawfal means to increase his power by the acquisition of capital, and all who have the talent of. acquisition 5 SHOULD DE FREE TO'USE IT. It is only by distributing ‘caputal that yon esn proent its centralization. The more capitalists wo have, the less will their be for each, and the lens centralization. This would seem to be sn axiom, ‘aod it would be absurd to etateit, if workingmen did not habitually act on the oppo- aite hypothesis. Eyery Trades-Union is a com- biuation to prevent a0y ono of . its members be- coming a capitalist. It is & mutual sgroement that no one of them will grow rich until they all do. * 'The cencral'ides of thess combinations is that of & social, rolling-pin, which. shall flatton the worid out, ‘and press itjdown mto one gracd prairio : but 1t only succeeds in crushing the little hills, and forciog the Jarge ones up by the pressure around them. By the laws of a Union, all tho members are to be equal in wages ; and the man of. superior siill and industry throws away_his natural or scquired sdvantages. It ig as if the servants, in tho e BCRIPTURE PARALLE OF THE TALENTS, ‘had joized o Union, snd he with the ten and he with the five had agreed to share and share alike with the man who bad one, This they wounld have Liad no right to do. as each was called to account for tho use of all that bad been given to bim. Had the man witk tho ono talent used and improved it, that was all that would have boen roguired of him. Hs wlho, witi: his five talsnts, gained other five, was 08 worthy as he' who, With ten, gained other ten. Would ho have boen approved bad he come to reckon thus :. * Lord, yon gavomo ten talents, to anotlier five, and to another pno. We made a joint stock company and divided even. This left me five talents and one third, With them X have gained othor five aod a third. This would imply have been a cowardly shirking of-duty, and would hava beon precisely the principles of a Trades-Union. A man is Tesponsibla to God for sll his gilts, and has 0o rightto - T SHIRX THIS RESPONSIBILITY. - Now, as large a proportion of the members of & Trades-Union as gog other class of men have s talont for scgumulatiog capital. Did they use it, a8 they ought to do, iithiout let or hindranco {from any combinaiion, tacre would be just that ‘many more capitalists, and that much fess cen~ tralization of capital. If all wera fres to do their best, and got the most for their efforts, capital nover could be ceutralized. It is free- dom which distributes, and combination which oentralizes. JANE GrET BWissieL. Among the Shirt-Malkers. A report of tha contemplated strike st the facs tory of Wilson Bros., in Trz TrIoNs of last Tucsdoy, statod thrt the girls had been reavive iog $3.50 a dozen for the machine-work, which cnabled the industrious to make $21 a weck. Dalioving that all women would bo very indus- trious if their industry was so well rawarded, and that all the sentiment expended upon the poor Bewing-women was sheer nonsense if they obtained such good pay for their work, I deter- mined to INVESTIOATE THE MATTER, and, if such were the facts, not waste any more of my sympathy npon women who wWere getting much better wages than tho aversge man. All the loud talk about woman's rights, too, wes all nonsense if they wero thus obtainiog theirrights, and were, in the mattor of wages, far shoad of thomen; and we bhad better turn round and help the men to their rights in obtaining payfor their sorvices. Accordingly, I started ont in search of some of these women, to Jearn the facts in the case. I was informed that this shirt-making estab- lishment has the reputation of being the best in the city for working girls; that, while tome of the rules of the establishment bore bearily on the women, yot they wore actually necessary in some casés to protect the firm from the care- lessness of the shirt-makers, and, slthough the firm wero very strict, yot thoy were prompt in paying them their wages. Sometimes, during the winter, thoy had to.wait two weeks for their money,; but they did not blame the proprietors for that; as it was not 8o much their fault a8 it ‘waa the fanlt of the bank-suspension.. . THER SIDE OF THE STORY is, that, since tho lagt of September, the working ‘hours haye been from half-past 9 until 3 o’clock ; but they have not worked all this time, as they only worked safficiently to il the orders as they came in, and they would bave to wait uatil or- dors came. Mooy -gifls have gone tramping through the cold and_snow to that factory every day this winter, who bave sat waiting for orders, soraetimes making only one shirt per day. The average sewing-woman will make one shirt in two hours, for which she receives 38 conts. Bhe furnishes her own neodles and thrand, and the thread and broken noedles take something from the profits,—each needle cost- Ing 7 couts. Very few of" tho women own their sewing-machines, but are paying 85 a month on the machines they use, which will be their own in time, a8 the 85 goes towards paying for thom. These monthly payments must be met, however iittle work tnare is for these women to do. The stitch is gauged twenty-fonr stitches fo tho inch, so that 1o one can slight their work by taking long atitches, s every suitch mast be of the required length,—longer ones subjecting the operator to the penalty of a fine. : IT 13 AN EXTRAORDINARY WOMAN ho can mako six sbirts in one day; if sho does, it unfits ber for work tho next,day; snd, even apposing she could do it for six dsys fn tho waoak, at 33 cents a shirt it would give her only £13.65. How, then, in the namo of common senese, conld she earn 821 per week? The mistake must have occurred in this man- er: The shirtmaker takes an order for s dozen shirts to be finished by o certain’ time, and, in order to accomplish the work by the time speci- fied, sho is obligad to hire other parties to help ber. Inaddition to this, she ia responsible for tho finishing. Mn.kinE the eselets and button- Boles, and sowing o the buttons, is called fuish- ing. ' Button-holes, lorgoaad &mall togetber, made with No. 60 thrond, are 15 centa per dozen ; evelets, 12 conts per dozen; and sewing on but- tous, 6 cents per dozen. She may take several orders in tho courze of the week, and, as s mat- tor of necessity, hires othera to help her do the work. - 2 The money for the making of these shirts s all paid to the one who takes these orders, and she pays the finishers and all others whom she has employed to hfllfl mzko the shirte. In this way, somo women Lave received, as stated in TxE TRIDUNE, $21 a week: but the informant forgot to state hox much they had paid out of that sam for the Lelp thoy had employed. The button-boles in the cuffs and cuff-bands are ususlly made by women at their bomes at 10 centa a dozen for large ones, and 7 conts & dozen for small ones. ' The shirt-makers N ¥EEL VERY BITTER towatds thid class of . workers,—~claiming that it is these women, hoving husbands to furnish thom s support, ‘who_ have injured their busi- ness. They can work chesper because they are not working for dear lifo ; they sre only aiming to procure a few luxuries with which thislr hus- bands are not able to provide them, and which they cap live without.. The sewing-women sssort that these wives are cheapening the labor .of women, and are thereby injur- ing every one of their sisters ; and they woald urge them to consider that, gofe time in the futhre, their own beloved daughters may bo oblized to sew for & living, sad they are virtual- 1y taking the mesns of esrning an honest' Liveli- hood out of their children’s hands by the conrae they are pursaing; and they would request toem, in view of their childrea’s future, to leave all the sewing &2 be done by those who ‘are obliged to sew for a living, ‘or, if they feel as if they must work in thal sment, todo it -at the same rutes ns are’ in tha factories. - The hours of working are now from half-past 8until 4, and .the reduced price for ‘machine- ‘work s 33 cents a “This time allowa ‘geven worlking hours & day,-and half an’honr o upeh. —kt tho rate-of one shirt. in ivo ‘Hours, ona person will make three and a’ half ‘shirts in.one dey, which will give' her $1.161. For ix days’ work this would : i "7 AMOUNT TO S:gi e"’l =3 sg not figure up much like $21 & week. mfif rotazod ;fi:g o batton-holeais 12 cents ser dozen instead of, ‘a8 formerly, 15 centa. vory mathemstician kriows' that, ‘Instead of § ‘The re~ | duty that comes ducod prico for eyelets is 9 conts per dozen, in- :f.-:‘td of 12 cents,—making a reduction of 25 per The fow price of labor {s not all the bandship ©of which the working clssues have to complain. There araothers which are far less endurable than the low ratos for which they work. Among the men, it is the inability to collect their wages. Among the irls and women who work in_fa tories, it is the fines imposod upon them, which sometimes greatly redace thelr wages. TIE FINES in the shirt-making establishment are as fol- lows: Aspot of grease on a shirt, from the oil of the machine or from auy other cause, ia fined 15 conts. The second spot is fined 25 conts. This seems an unnecessary hardship, as gressa spots will wash ont, and the shirts are washed and ironed befora selling, Leas than the re- quired number of stitches to the inch, from 10 to 15 cents. Thera is aome excuso for this fine, a8 the firm must secare themselves from slov- enly workers; but it 18 altogether too high, aa it tokes time and precigion to regulata the stitch to such an extreme micety. A forgotien button- holo hes to be supplied, which is of itself a mortiSeation, and the rectifying of the mistake ought to be deemed sufficient; but, when a fine of 15 cents is imposed, it is some- thing more than mortifying, The flae for a neck-band cut_wrong is 25 cents. If o buiton- hole in the waist-band is cut wrong, it is faken off, and anotber sugplierl 8t the sewing-woman's expense. Women havo been finod 50_centa for not fastening tho thread at -the end of acuff- band. Finesaro imposed all the way from 10 to 50 conts. It has sometimes ocourred that a girl s boon unusually careless, and has been sub- ject to 20 muny fifies that, when Satardsy night cama, there was very little due her, after work- ing al the week,—the most of her wages having been retained for fines. The rules in these establishments are so swict, and 8o rigidly enforced, that women who escaps finos aro ns noar perfection as human beings can attain, and aro about ready for transiation. If unmarried men are looking for angels for wves, they cannot do better than visit theso establish- ments, and seloct those who are so attentive to their datics as pover to make a mistake, snd thus escapo the ponalties sttached to careless- noss, B The bost thing for thezo women to do is to orm 3 s CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY OF SHIRT-MAKERS, and work for themsolves, instead of working for others. Itcould be done at a little expense. The most it would need to get it started would be resolute, enorgetic, go-aliead women at the head of it, to push it througl. If thoso woinen who are uow renting soparate rooms, and psying 8o much s week for their board, would unite their mites, and put them in one common fund fo rent s building in which to transact business, it woald cosc no moro than it does to ront, as thoydo now, soparate apart- ments. Oue of their, number could be detailed 18 cook, and prepare for tho table whatever wes bougbt, and which could be on as cheap or ox- pensive a_scalo as their circumstances would pormit. It i8 presumablo that many of those Wwomen are housekeapers, and havo all the farni- ture that would be noeded at present, 8o that no ontlay would be necessary in that lino. The greatost expense attending it at first would bo the purchase of the cloth for shirts, and the neceesary food to sustain life until they could dispose of soma of their wares.. Tho strong, .healthy women could wash and iron them, and got them up in good style for tho market. The work on ehirts is all done by wom- .on, except the cutting; and, as that is done by measurement, aud is a much easier task than cutting stylish dresscs, women aro perfectly competent to do it. If the work cau be dome and 18 dono by women, why should thioy ot have the benetit of it, and ‘put the profits in their own pockats, 1stead of putting them ioto the pookots of their msaters ? Here is a chance for those Iadies who are en- giged in the woman-suflrage movement, and who really desire to ELEVATE WOMEN. As women show their capacity for business, 80 do thoy ehow their ability: to use the fran- chise wisely; and, when women have demon- strated their ability to administer to their own necessitics, and to improve their own condition, tho men will not deny thom tho elective fran- chige. . Man is woman's friend, and will aid her when she is willing to receivo ‘aid. Oharity be- stowed upon a person in distress, to rolieve present nocessities, i vers good in its pinco; but it i mot resl, substantial sid, 'That help is of most importance which helps persoos to holp themuolyes; and it istoo gad & tiath that men have beea found more readv and willing to place a poor, depend ent women in a condition to l.\u!g hersolf than have women, Therefore I would appeal to la- dies who renlly desiro to aid their own sex, in bohalf-of these shirt-mokers, to render thom substantisl aid in starting & woman's co-opera- tive establishmont for manufacturing shirts and ladios’ underwear. The aid they will need is the sssurance that their goods will be pur- chased. " Tho Iadies will be doing & good work 1f they purchase all they neod of these women, and jufiuende their fathers, brothers, and hus- bands to do the same, Theso snggestions aro thrown out undor the conviction that the settiezaent of the dificulties between Labor and Capital can only be.made THROUGI CO-OPERATION ; and that it is an casy matter to combine for the common good, if they will only thinkso. Inthws froe country, thero is ono sentiment winch is rather oposed to co-oporation; and thatis, tnat every individual has a perfect right to his own individual freedom in opinion, spoech, and mannors, and is, therefore, impstient of re- straint. When soveral persons come together in business-relations, or 1clatioas of any kind, there will be as many different opinions as there aro persons,—differonces, too, of education, prejudices, mavners ; and, in ozdar £o work har- ‘mobiously; ench must nocessarily concedo some- thing to the others. Our patioual training has unfitted us for this, and it will talte time and hard xubbing to polish off all individual angu- larities, and preparo us to move in plensant har- mony. o AMes. ¥. D. Wn:_:our. Views of & Mechanic’s Wife. v the Editor of The Chicago Tribune. Sm: Ihave becn an interested reador of tha papers that lLava appoared from time to time iu your paper, bearing on the Labor ques- tion aod the wrongs of workingmen. And being, 28 Mrs. Wynkoop says, the wife of & ““ mechanic,” 1 sbould likoe to state my view of tho caso : I am the motherof five heslthy, romping children ; and I cannot understand the one who ia giad her dear child is taken away from s life of toil. . There are trials and sorrows comwmon to 6 ol ; 28 common 88 is our humanity ; bat toil or labor I would not class with . these.. Was not Iabor Divinely appointed at the beginning ? Was it “not ' honmored and “hallowed ULy that Life which was begun in DBethlehom ? And . did not the Apostles exhort us to labor dii Eenfly with our hauds, that we might rovide things honeat In the sight of all men? rejoice in .my labor; and I beliove that the man or woman who has got 4. day’s work to do, sud knows how to do it well, is infinitely happier than they ara whoso wordly circumstantes give them immunity from toil, moless they prove themselves to bo good stewards of the wealth that lies been tntrusted to their care. T am suro that crime is oot 0 ofter the result of poverty as of an unwillingness to work, and & desirs to possess certain things without the ?;ceunry ‘outlay of personal efort 0 obtain em. ‘Thero &ro very many instances, no donbt, where & man has done his very pest. and mede but littie b5t ; but even then, a8 Burns has happily said : . The honest heart that's freo fras & - Intended fraud or guile, . ‘Howover Fortuno kick the bar " Has aye Some cAnse to smile, Nag treasures, nor Can miske us kappy laug; The Leartisays tho part a7 at keeps us Ticht or wrang, I happiices has not ler sest o - . _ And centro in tho breast, . © We may be wise, or rich, or grest, But never can-be blest. And I am proud to know tbat some of the eatest posta and echolara thut ever lived were rn in the humbler walks of lifc, and becamo scholars under disadvaatages that the people in this country now-a-days know nothing of. I thank God for free chools, whero the poor ‘man, possessing neitherhouse nor lot, can have his children as woll educated 04 if ne paid taxey on a block down towu. 5 3 And where, in all the'world that we have geen or read about, do we'find "80 ‘many workingimen haviog homes of their own? 1t may bethstihoy have denied themselves many a thing to attain thet end; all the more prafto is due to them for it: and, in. my humbls opinion, Dot 03e ins. thogsand of these men who g0 6trive to obtain 5 home, or Iay up’ soiothing for-a ‘rainy day, ever dream of ending their. days in the" poor- honse. Far likelicr they have & dream of going into tho conmotry, whers, if thoy cannot enw every luxtiry in the world, they re placed yon?d.m noed.of looking for work, and whero Yoeir childfén can grow ap around them, and be- come usefal in their day und generation. De- pend upon it.-theseTmen want to enjoy the glorious privilege of hciuémgependept. ‘Aa for the quastion of Capital against Tabor, cook, charworasn, dressmaker, &e., &¢., for mn'fiy of seven, T havé alwaya o 1s¥ hold of the naress my hand (and,” that I canoot entér: into. - Being nurse-maid, | that purpose. .If the United States ever take up | THE CHICAGO: DALLY "TRISUNG: “SUNDAY; - MARCH "15, 1874 tired and - fagged -out sometimi¢s, I -wonld not change places with sny childless women in the city). Siill, as far a3 Iknow, capitalists in America ara no worse than the samo class aro elsowhere, I oxpect thers always will e em- ployer and employed ; and I believe that, when s man or woman briogs skill and_good-will into their work, it is aa likely to be recognized and appraciated hero as ghywhere else. But workingmen do need shorter hours of labor. What with the beat of summer and cold of winter, the long rides to work, early breakfnst aud laze _supper, it 18 vory trying on the healtn ; besides they need a littlo more tima to devete to their families, and the rocroation of their miads. I hope tho Lime i3 not fur distant whou eight hours will be the rule, and not the exception. Then there ought to be & Publio Library whero, by the payment of & small sum quarterl, tho workingman can bocome & member ; can get out ':lek’ read it, and exchange it, all the year Toun: That we want more interost in our churches. At pressnt the workingman i8 rather repelled than otherwise by the grand church, the grand people who are there, 0d the grand fent marked on the empty pew he finds his way into. Ho don’t like to go buok to that paw, and take what he has not paid for, Wonld not miniaters have a greater intluence for Sood if they opened wide their doors, saying, * Jome one, coms all, and suppork the ministry juss according aa the Lord has prospered you; and for him fhat hath no money, thers ia room, and & wolcome toc And let those that aro alresdy there, overlooking alf differences in their worldly circumstances, say, by net, and word, and 100k : “We_bo brothren. Then shall they recommend their religion to them that are without, when it can be eaid of them, * Behold how _these Chrisiians love one another I” H. G. C. ¥ The Workingman, To the Editor of The Chicago Triduna : by Bin: Everynowand then, “strikes” serious- Iy disturb the groat industries of the world, Labor is » great power, bus should never have reason to barn against the hand thiat supports it. Thay should work togother for the common good. In the workingman's cry of Ospital against Labor there is something wrong, for it is a- housy di- vided against itself ; it is incousistent. for they dopend upon ench other, and stand or fall together. ©Of what wuse ia' Capital without its honorablo nesistant and ~co- worker, Lasbor; snd how much work can we got in thie wvrld? where money is ono of the ‘mecossary ‘‘evils," when Capital fails us? Wherein lios the difficulty that these two great factors, who should bo a3 one, aro 80 ofton at variance? Ia the trouble with the major or minor band? How is logislation to benefit the workingman? _ Will not supply and demand regulate despite legislation? standing (as noar a5 one can) on neutral ground, with grest sympsthy for the workiogman in his unavoid- sble hardships, I think he causes much of his own misory, etsuds in his own light, imaginos Lis fricnds to be his epemics socs oppression and tyranny in messures thut are unavoidsble, and will not be pérsuaded for bis owr good. Is it true (as stated by your correspondont of last week) that ** The mechanic i every year sinking lower in the scale of human beiegs™? 1 tell you; No. Tho workingman is a necessity in tho world; heis one of God’s oreaturas. Vice and idloness deg:::de; Labor is honorable, and, with the clean hands' and pure hoart, commands respoct. An honest man is tha noblest work of God; heis a blessing to tho people among whom be lives, for even bis uncon- scious influence is forgood. Tobe oneof Naturo's noblemen it ia not esseutial to possess money. Is not **a name slono rubies"? What poor man wouid give lus good neme in exchange for some villain’s whose money. was obtained by gambling and cheating ; and whero can thera be a poorer than such a ono ? i There is no truo elevation in the possession of money_itself; nor are its possessors exempt fiom tho ills that flesh is boir to. Have thoy not their trials, sorrows, and bitterness of heart 7 Does not death enter therich as unceromoniously 8 the poor man’s homo, taking - his darling, his hope and joy ? Surely, for he is a great lovalor and no_respecter of persons. Nobt omein a toousand of the inmates of our poor-houses and prisons have beep ** pober, industrious mechan- 1ca.” It takes tbe opposite of sobriety sud work to fetch any man there to ond his days, in our fres, enlightoned country. . In- temporanco, tobacco, . indolence, and vice aro boon companions of =~ paupers and criminals, very many workingmen run a whisky-bill. ‘The nceds of his family may be pressing, but thst is not given up until he is forcod to it. Tobncco is used by menrly all; there is Bearcely an exception : thoy are its slaves, and pay a heavy tax in its filthy, dis- guating, depraving, and enervatiug_cffect upon the system, 28 well a8 the money it costs, Bod setting & bad oxample to their boss, who inva- riably loarn to use it, and think it & part ‘of man’s estate. If‘the workingman would turn Lis back on saloons and tobacco-shops, what 3 blessing it would be to himself, and how maoy of their proprietors would be oblized to close, and do what they never have done,—oarn an honest living. The future (which your corresrondent maid, was looked forward to with ploature by the rich) is none of ours; it belongs ouly to God, auad brings trials, troubles, and disappointments to all. Riches aro very unstable, aad easily swopt away. Discontent, lack of industry, and envy seem to grow upon many workmgmen. Bad management aud poor cconomy s homo are fruitfal causes of trouble, bringing poverty as 500 38 they arooutof employmat. The women often want to dress beyond their means, gossiv, complain, and neglect their duties in many ways, The girls grow up 1n_comperative idlencss cnd igrorance, learning few of the dutios of lifo till thrust upon them. If sent out forservents, s kind, conscientious mistress, who tries to care for all of her honsckold, weighs 28 nothing beside the free-and-easy one, whosa eervants are all at lib- o1ty to go whore they plesss when their work done; and it is difiicult, 8o far as dress and io- dependent actions are concerncd, to kuow tho sorvant of the period from her mustress. If rightly traioed for their position, they could help their parents in their time of need. **God helpa them' who help themselves.” The rch cannot enter the poor man’s home, govern him, and educate bis children ; but tho free schools, colleges, hibraries, and reading-rooms are mug- gestive of his duty. Why have not the poor the Gospel preached unto them? Who doth hinder the luboring man and bis family from coming to tie houso of God? What kind of dress does the Bible pre- scribe as being unsuitablo ond recommend oS proper? Qur clergymon do try to reach the poor. They say uc them, Como thoa with us, and wo will do thee good ; if too poor to hiro a pew, still come,—there is_room. Salvasion is o, * Tho fear of God is tho begioning of wisdom.” *Labor not (alfogether) for that which perishes, but (also) for that wbich endures forever.” Was not the Son of Man poor, meek, and lowly in hoart? Then what witl you snsyer to God for your pride and stub- bornncss? How long i your loase of lifo that your troubles are all temporal? In a few short years what will it matier whether we were rich or or, if we have only gainod that Heavenly in~ eritanco? * What protitoth it a man if he gain the whole world and lose his own soul; or what will s man give in exchange for his soul " - The man who does his whole duty in_the position in life where God has placed him will not have livad in vain. Butwe owe & dutyto God as wellts man ; we must trust a3 well a8 pray, and remem- ber that Man's strength is trust in God alone ; Even Angels &5 woak whoea trust 1s in thelt owa. f . Horaz. WOHAN'S BEAUTIFUL EYES, Ob ] is there maz born of woman Who ne'er felt the charm that les 1In o woman's low, sweet volce, Or in woman's Leautiful eyes 7 Either a churl o an Jdlot, His dull life drogging dlong, He would know not the fower's perfume, He would find no solace in song. When tho heart is burdencd with sarrow, And clouds on the Future rise, Then woman's soft voice 500168 Usyme A tear in her beautifal eycs, Ho who for sympathy lon e Finds it in woman's low yoive, And the gleam in her Leautifal eyet. ‘besntiful eyos of woman | urely a wizard is hid, By his irts and magic iving, "Neath the folds of esch deifeate lid, Ob, beantital eyes of woman | The crowning work of the Pow'r Thias shapod the clsy in His image In the wondrons world'a natal hour, ‘We could better spare the sunlight, - “And Hive in the gloom for aye, “Tban the rays from the soul T _Inc woman's buunfaleye, O, Wi . __Gift to Cincinnatt University. Mr. Joseph Longwarth haa made to the Trus- tees of Ciuctnnati University a donation of 850,~ 000 in United States bonds. = The gift is to. ea- dow, or.partly endow, an art department in the Cincinnati University. The interest is to be uzed, 'and fhe principal preserved forsver for these bonds, the money by which- they are ro- deemad 1s to be safely inveated, and its pro- ASPASIA AND PERICLES. - Further Responses to the Lecture of the Rev. Mr. Baretts Vindicatlons of the Character of the Two Hlustrions Greeks, ‘The Moral Character of Aspasis. Zo the Editor of The Chicagn Tribune : Stz: Yes, by all meana let us be careful to call all things, women inciuded,” by their right names ; acd that is jnst why the Rev. Mr. Bartlett was properly * taken to task” for-call- ing Aspasia a coartesan. We do not—at least jndicious peoplo do not— “thing ft wise to call & man who has beon guilty of e defalcation a thief ; nor do wo call a thief a bu_rglu; in thosa matters most pooplo do call things by their right names, Aspasia was not the wife of Pericles undor Athenian law, but sho would have been his wife under the laws of Mllnois ; sincs our courls have recently docided, that a man and womaza who had lived together in the relation of hus- band and wife, neither party denying or al- tempting to conceal the relationship, wero logally married, and their childron legitimato, although’ no’ ceremony had béen performed. Any public announcement, of & man and women of suitable age and free from other obligations, that they wish to and do assume ths relations of husband and wife to each other, constitutes & logal marrisgo with us. That Pericles himself regarded Aspasia as really his wife scems certain when wo remember that, slthough tegally divorced from his first wife, to whom he had been legally married, ho took no othor than Aspasia as her successor. But Plutarch says Aspasia’s business ““was neither decent nor honorable.” Plutarch is undoubzedly “ good authority upon ancient his- tory ;" but the writer s had & huge distrust of his interpretatious of the fucts of history, where women wore concorned, sinco learning that, in his procepts o wives, waming them, a8 is sapposed, ngainst the Chrlstian faith, then just beginning to offer its sublime consola- tions to women, he says: *‘ A wife should have no friends but thoee of her busband, and, as tke gods are the best of. frisuds, sho shonld adoro no gods except those her husband adores.” Add- ing still turther, that “nogod can take plens- ura in prayers offered by & woman without the knowledge of ker husband.” “Grote, who is good authority upon Gresisn bistory, says both Platarch and Atheneus men- tion the etory of Aspasia’s dishonorable busi- ness; but he fatla find auy bettor ovidence for the truth of it than that which one of thom gives, viz: A passage inone of the comedics uf Aristophancs, about the reading of which passage there issome dis- guta, and which at best would be doubiful evi- ence, Both: Platarch .and Athenreus wrote- some conturisefaftor tho im of Pericles. Compiling from. such manuscripts and traditions as they found, and putting upon_facts their own inter- rotations, Athonzus is decribed'as s writer of ow meoralttons, ““fond of gossip and seandal™; and 1t is probeble that, in soms instances, both nunde presisely such hlunders 33 we would ox- ct from a writer ;who, 200 yoars from now, in mritiag & history of tho Chicago pulpit of the latter balf of the vinetéenthcsntury, should con- sult o work entitled ‘‘ Walks Among the Churches,” published by a coutemporary, and should copy calumnions ionuendo, instead of padioutly sifting ous tho facts, and faithfully studyiog thewr import. He readshistory to hitile purgoss who doca bot apply tho principles of common sense to its recon * Aspesias foreign birth and raro mental powers made 1t but natural that other women of foreign pirth, ecaptives in war, or otherwise comiug to Athens, should scok her andsuch pro- tection as the naturally strong and able can al- wars afford the feeble. We know lictle of Athenion household-moanagament ; but it is not probabla that, in any city of the #ize of Athers, 1many state of socioty, there would bs many houscholds which would not bave permanently, in their employ 23 many femalo servants as go- casional exigencies would demand;such s de- mand would most naturally. find its’ supply at the hands of women who Wers Dot eligiblo a8 wives for Athenian titizeps.” And whas more probable than that the women in Aspacia's es- tablihment were hired out by her as domestic ser- vants, or for otlier labor or occupsation,—she holding herself legelly responsible for tiem, re~ taiuing her control over them as #laves, aud, in Ter receipts from them, finding a large incomo 2 Does not the very statement that the girls were “* hired out” indicate that this was the nature of her establishment? In & statoof socioty in which tho seclusion of wives and mothers was 8o _rigid, great abuses would arise. The ‘in- evitable tendeacy of women so secluded is to grow fecble in mind and body, to faif of their proper peraonal infiuence, and, whea they are the sole logitimato mothors of the commuity, to become, through the laws of ioheritance of qualities, & coustantly-increasing soarce of social degeneracy in both sexes. T 16 prohablo that, in the time of Peridles, tho women of Athens who wore ineligible for legitimato marriage with free Athenian citizens wero really finer women than those from among whom wives were_taken. Doubtless much im-~ morality prevailed among them, deprived of all protection of husband, father, brother, or master ; and doubtless there was much necos- sariiy in the life of the Lest of thom from which a modern Christian woman would sbrink. _tsat, on the other band, it is quite conceivable—is even probablo—that an sble woman of that class, richly endowed in beart and brain, would find in the pomtion and occupation of Aspasin, as sbove indleated, greater opportunities for helpfalness and well-doing, as well as for per- sonal purity and personal well-boing of every gort, than in any other position open to her. ‘And this thoory of Aspesia's life aud character, while fully explaining all the known facts con- cerning her eatablishment of women of foreign birth, hold by hor 28 slaves, and by her hired out for money, is jo perfect harmony with the unde- pied and undeniable fact, that the wisest and best men of her timo—ien whoao teachings, poetry, and philosophy hnve been the.instruc- tion, delight. and consolation of the rarest and best souls through all the agessince—eought her society, edand bonored her, sad encour- aged thoir own .sons, daughters, and wives to vagit her. We know that human nature in Athens had some characteristics quite distinct from human nature with us; but it is certainly moro probable that this story of Aristophancs, Wwhoae comedics are koown it some other instances to be vile lampoons, should be untrue, than that s wholo 8chool of the ablest and best men of s civilized city,—her Btatesmen, poots, philosophers, and moralists,—many of them men advauced in years, shonld publicly honor a_courtesan, and thounld meet at her houso to hold discussions with her upou the loftiest themes. But “Justice,” writing in last Sunday's Tarm- 'UNE, expresses surprise that a woman who ad- mits the illezality of Aspasia’s relation to Periclos should yot call her pure. y Purity is of the heart and natare, and i that quality of tho individual character which makes it impossible for him or her to perform s act through any impulse or motive not naturally end properly leading to it. jPure devotion is when tho individual offers prayer or praise through personal emotion, and Dot perfunc- torily, or from desfro of gain or applause. The pure patriot is he who acts from love of country,—not be who scts for his country’s fnnd from selfish motives, Impurity is o nnnatural ond debasing commingling of motives, and is the real eonrce .of the physicsl and morsl degredation of the lowest form of womsn- hood kuown in human sociots, s it is the blighting curse of maonkind everywhere. t is not to be questioned that there is no filiness of blessing to be homed for by the woman who consents to what her society .re- gards 28 an irrégnlar marriage. - All human ex- perienco proves that. Let our women continte to insist upon the solemn cercmonial and the orange-blosroms, with whstover of senctity and protection they impart. But let us remember that one who fails to'do 8o {8 not necessarily im- pure, although careless tongues may call ber go, If Brigham Young shonld convert s large ma- Jority of the people of Linois to his views, and that mafonity shonld legialate for us all. making monogamic marriages illegal, and requiring every man to take a second wife after ozo or more vears of marriage -with the first, it is probable that, in two or thres generations, there would be people here who would find a woman's demand for a monogamic marriage indicative of grosevess sud iwapurity of asture.. But our peo- ple now know that s woman of impure affeciions does not live'twenty-five ‘years in faithfal, loving devotion to one man, honoring and honor- ed by him. . Nor does & man of the character of Pericles, 5o calm and dignifled in the presence of personal dsnger, shéd tears of ‘anxiety and grief while defending an impure woman 10r whom he cherishes an impure fove. Let us cal thiogs by their vight pames: - 2L+ Justics ™ G043 1of soe thas the relatica of | when ho Lurew jb a3 the De Aspasia to Pericles was morsconsistent with oar modern ideas of peraonal punty than tho mar- ringes of tho wives of her time, many. of whom went from one husband to another, leaving be- hind them the children of the marrisze they wore abandoning that they might go fres to tio Baw one, it i3 to bo fearod that ho bas 8o Radly failed of his due inheritance of those lnstincts concerning womanly purity which long associs- tion with the ideas and practice of modern monogamic marriage havadeveloped in the most of us, that further discassion is queation will be profitless to him. But it is not, snd ouzht not to be, possible to him to impart such opacity of moral vision to those around hix:a;‘ Pericles and Aspasia. To the Editor of The Chucago Tribuna : Si2: Your issue of March 7 contsina & lectare by tho Rav. William 4. Bartlott, in which ocour the following passages : ‘The mistress class was tha y—! it 3tr. Bardlott said that he had taken paina to investi- o the proofs of the corrapess of Aspasials char- . e hind not the means of constlting - nm;:l;:}oflueu,hnt—cl:l o e ricles was & vilo man in his personsl charaoter,—s brillisnt, trimming poli el o 2n, tommiog politiclan, presiding over the most Sach statements as thesa by s publio lecturer, if correctly reporzed, should not be passed by without reconsideration. For the study of the 8ge of Poricles is of spacial valuo to our times. Like your lecturer, I have not at hand the orig- nal anthoritios, but- that is not necessary. Wo hl_\'a the works of those who have studied the original anthorities, and, among $heso, Dr. Ernst Curtius, the latest, is also generally conceded to ‘_bu ons of the most learned, and lsborions; and impartizl, end reliablo of the historians of Grecoe. - For the sake of brovity, I will refer only to him (Edition, Obarles Bcriboer & Co., New York, 1871). E Dr. Curtius, describing the Telations of the difTeyent Greok States bofore Pericles, says : ¥ach Commonwealth Yormod a perfectly-seperate body a8 aguinst the rest. ko to speak, & domestic es- tablishment by ftself. The citizens of a neighboring State were foreigners and strangars, ' Matrimonial connections between members of diferent States wera Iegally invalid, nnless special treaties had been con- cluded, establishing a relation of the kind, (Hist, Bx. 8, Chap. 1, Vol. 2, p. 200). But, though the lawa did not recognize civil marriago with a foreiguor, the laws and customs did not prohibic iheir living together a8 huabsad aod wife. An scquaintance with these little-un- derstood laws; and the castoms growing ocut of tbem, will make it evident that Aspasia was not of thoclass of coartessns, as wo use that term. Pericles’ first marriaze was with the' divorced wife of Hipponicus, The marriage was unfor- tuoate, and was dissolved ; and, after her soc- ond divorce, tho woman married.s third hus- band, and dieappears from history. Aspasia was a citizen of Tonis, o Groek State in Asia Minor. But let us hear what Dr. Curtius says of her. I quote but a fewsentences : Thussho came. to Athens at s timo when every- eversthing now and extrandinary, eversthing which appeared ~ o' be 4n enlargement of the lmits of ancient usage, .a -atep forward, and n new ac- quisition, was_ joronaly welesmed, Nor was it long before it was that sha enchanted the souls of men by mo mere arts of deception. Hers was a Tofty nnd Hehly-cndowed nature, with a perfeet ecnse of all that is brantifol, snd hers 2 harmonious and fo- licitous development. For tho first time, the res of Hellenje cultnze wers fornd in the possesaion of a woman, surrounded by fio graces of her woman- hood,—a phenomenon which all men looked wpon with'eyes of wonder. 5ho was. shla to converne with {rresistible grace on politics, philosophy, and -erf, €0 that tha mot serions Athen)s ans—eved such men 3 Socrates—sought bhor out in order lo lsten 40 her conversation, But Ber real importance for A‘hens began on the day when sho made tho acquaintance of Pericles, and formed with him & connectfon of muiuai love ; for the asso- clation into which Periclss entered ' with ler for life proves that it wsa not sensual Jove, or a passing excitement, upon which this connection was based, 1t ‘was a real marriage, which only lacked the civil sanc- tion because ahe wsa a foreiquer ¢ it was an llfance of thie trueat and tenderest affection, which death slozs dissolved,—the endless source of a domestic falicity which noman needed more than the statesmin who ilved retirad from all external recrertions, and was uneeasingly engaged in the labor of his life, Thus tho foremort woman af her age livad in the so- ciety of ths man waose superiority of mind had placed L ¢ the bead of the first elty Of the Hellmes, in Iogzldevotion to her friend and husband ; and,’ sh though the mocklny spiciis at Athens eagerly eought out every blomish which could ba_dlscovered in_tha life of Pericles, yot no calumny was ever ablo to vilify this rare unlon blackan its mamory. (Hist, BX.3, Ch. 3, Vol 2, p. 503) Any oue wishing to pursue the subject will find the original anthorities amply referred to inDr. Curtius’ work. i Pericles was for fificen years the sole head, and for forty yoars the virtual head, of the lead- ing Stateof amtiquity, in its-most brilliant, aod active, and eventful ora. Dr. Curtins' 200 pages on this cra ere in the best style of historical dis- quisition. It would be iuteresting, did spsce ermit, to_repeat his porsonal portraiture of ericles ; how - The featares of his conntenanco announced that he wna habitunlly ocenpied with Tofty thonghts; an involuntary feeling of awo was inspired by the seriousness pervading his wholo manner, and by the immovablo firmness and decisivenass of his personality " (Vol. 2, p. 484); but epace does not permit, and 1 will, by your leave, quote a few of his concluding sen- ces : In bis moral conception of hi« calling, Pericles was the most faithfal euccessor of Ar'stides; and the grest historiea of his times (Thucydi i the nxme time the ost and the most truthfual judge of morulity, hos fonnd himeelf sble to acquit Pericles of every reproach of selfishness, In the next place, Do sought the real greatucsu of Athens, not in her wally and docks, but in the eminent intellectnsl cuiture of his fellow-citizens, Thercfore, in making Atnens the home of all the higher tendencies of a generons cnl- ture, and securing an undisputed pre-eminence in this fcld to his mative city, ho recarred to tho idens of Solon, which the Pisistratide had subsequently puremed with 8o pralseworthy a zeal. Nor was e loih to sdopt from other States what descrved imitation. Inshort, the greatness of Pericles consis's {n his uniting In himaelf all the great and pro- ductive ideas of earlier times,—idcas refined and regu- iated by him, and made to 'form ono grand system ; and flio greatness of Athens, for which he worted to the lust, without allnwing either good or ovil fortune t0 Qivert him from the parauit, was nogreatness fmag- ed by him,~no idesl formed out of philosophis theories,—but the goal demanded by the past,—a goal ‘which Athens must reach, or prove untrue to herself and her misson in history, Nonmo will cara to sesert fhat ho pursued his task fn life wholly without thoughts of salf; but 1o low craving, nolove of maney or of personal ease, polluted his publio ife; emd, in the midst of a community dfs. tractod by ‘paries, he never allowed himsalf to ba tempted toan abuseof power, Tlo was aware that the true greatness of an epoch is not dependent on the time of its enduranre ; he knew that the realizatin of the loftfest {daal of & Helienfc community in Athens swould be s possession forever to i city anil peoplo. s endeavor was zn effort of lofty daring, but it wsa at the same time supported by the” deepest refiection; and accordingly, motwith- standing tho sadners of his own end, the work of hia lifa was croned with immortal success. - (Hist. BE. 4, Qn.1, Vol. 3, p. 82) To say that the days of Pericles wero * the ‘moat corrupt days of Greece' i8 easily raid, but i3 pot true to fact. That much corruption then otisted i certainly érne ; but tho reader cannot 1ail to se0 that the corruption {8 found in the ranks of_the encmics of Pericles. Theso ene- mics of Pericles are thoroughly portrayed by tho historian. They consisted of **tho con- servative party of the old aristocrats, who made common cause sgainst him with the now demo- cratic party which had formed itself during the years of. peacs (the rabblo of Attica, corresponding - to what are in onr day called “tho dangotous classes’)'; while pricstly fanaticism_endeavored . ceanelessly to heighton the ill-feeling against him” (Vol. 3, p. 50).” Tho “priestly fanaficiam” hera' spoken . of, snd which, fn all ages and in il stages of civiliza- tion, has & wonderful famuly-likeness, publicly sccused Periclea of imbiety, in that he did nof, 2s they alleged, sufficientiy reverence the old gods of the Greek mythology. . And hera let me bring s single sentence from another witness, whom 1o one will accure of igmorance of the original authorities, or of un- discrimipating judgment, especially as {0 soy- thing relating to English history. In bis receat work on -*“Comparative Politics,"—a - work of great interest, and openingup s new mine of his- torical research,—Mr. E. A, Freeman saj: Onr {Engliss] national lif has Leen apread over 1,400 years, wud we trust that it is still far from being Tan out, The real life of Athons lusted at the most for 300 years ; and yet there aro moments in which all that we have woa by tha tolls of so many geners: tions seems o if it would Do felt to b but & small thing beaido 3 single hour of Pericles. . . Your report contans also the following : Lt at the status of Aspasia co b;".;.”,:fi.‘:;;"‘."b‘,” smppoaing that Chsries Sumner aras President of the United States, snd that Victorla Voodhull should come f{rom England to bs Lis mis- , seducizg him from his wifo and thitine Thero is ss much difforence in the two cazos 85 there ia botween 1874 A. D. and 450 B. C. Tt Mr. Bartlott should conspire and seok the de- etraction of . soto of his brother-clergymen in Chicago, or. say, rather, of soma poor, innocent eccontrics, and " should endeavor to effect their exccution by the public hangmen, on s chargs of witcheraft, wo wonld think very differently of hir and his conduct from what we do of some of our immediate ancestors, who did the sams thiug Joars ago. Or, .if. Mr. B. should show us 5a’ ihe wall of his study ‘sn_ink-splash, 0d tell us that was where his ink-stund atruck of him s0d 1S boldness the & ‘o think of Lather, who, acconding 10 the e onsing, Loy similar mark od the wall of his cll 1y v et burg. He who reads the hisiory of pas, oo especially of the moro memorable and hivar a0d, 22 ho roads, transfers the actors therein £ tho :gz;l plaze m Dresent day, and judges o ill resd history to liztle purpose. it L —— IN A PULLMAN CAS. Bwiftly onr engine sped over ] — Baoin Catcage, wiimeat wey s P g;‘h the h::hhih‘lm:k:fl!.‘ trike throe : ] occurrance it strangeat ocuresaen L saely wouid e Shonld report “overdaa;n For, of all model 10348 in the Bast or ke West, The C., B. & Q. i8 by long vdda the best. ‘The night bad been dark, tat our engincer, Watching the signals reporting All clear,® Dashed shead through the gloom, never heeding th rain, z 4 Which pored fn a torrent round engine and train: « Wrile wo calmly slept, Assured that he kept For his life and our own 8 watch #o intense, Ouz fretting was useless, and vain our suspense. Merry the groups in the Pullman car, Rising to breathie the fresh morning-air, Peeping out from the soctions with eurious eyss, ‘ull of a mischiavous, droll surprise ; . For ladies, though fair ‘With but atural bair, * Ave not o divine a3 you dears them since shern OF tho trosscas that somatines their beauty adarn, Down cams the curtaing, and tack with 8 bang Went the upper barths, just as thers londly rang Through day-coach and sleeper the breakfzet-cally And twenty minutea procisely vere ali The timetables allovied For ourhungry crowd To swallow the cotfer, Tried hum, egi, and staks Which Galestrg provides, besides butter-cakes. Napkias a0d manners wa all use at hom But part of the fun in visiting Rome A Tu to do 34 the Romans do : 89, with o glance * To see 1f our Beighbars looked at us Askcunce, In medias rea e plunced st our ease, 5 Voting bissuita delicions and stosks not too toigh wmxalt'.\a hr!]:; “twenly minutes” we found guam- um o, Sectling down then for tha eight Loz=s’ ride ‘Tt would bring us secuze to Lak Michigan's side, e clustered in groups, afler Ruskin's aseertion ; “That Uke secks its like” for its Lighest diversioa. Inveterato smokers Aud jolly old jokers Went out on tlie platform, bellering the fetion : Their pipes thus escapod e fair sax’s malediotios, Hero s froup of Tevan drovers; bero 'Falr of ardent lovers | ‘Yonder, nearor the central woction, A pale, sad face, With the gentle fraco Thst sarraw lezdn ever ta eyos that woep, And a faint, sweet amile, wresthing Lips taat keep The secret unfold . { Their goten enfoid. Dawn thro” the alsie, lika a ploam of lizht, Flattered sometiods's * darling.” robed {n whits, With great hrown eyes mot like sters Loueath The sunay F=é= crowning with golden wreath Of tanyied rur? The buby girl, ‘When we asked for lier name, the lisped answer wa sweet: *Msmma cails me Darling ; papa, La Petite,” “Poor Jadsme was sicX, " the nurso-mald raid, # For the journey waa ong, end Monsieur was atreid It might prove to much for the delicats frame.” 3 They would rest in Chicago until new streagth cama How littls we gnessed ‘That be ‘Wonld begin Inour midst, while the swift cars sped a1 With a rush and a Toar, never hoeding our moan ! o Logan, the porter, passed by fust then, .- : ma ';;;xk. face full cf nflr}:h’i gnd pala: < “ 0 m: an ! the lady is very 1 . = ‘Wonlt 5ou comoto her, pleesa?” My heart stood atll v With o sudde: r ‘ nE Leat the shadow dredr - . T had never scen pass over humeg hrow, Inits pallid horror shauld groet me tow, Ever tho brightest Death ereks for bs own ; T wayworn and weary, who gladly would dis, Wait in vain for bis coming ; be leayen them clone, Nor sees thern, a9, cagerly passing thom by, Ho senda bis dart with nzerring aim To some fairer life, where love and fame Are making the hoars on swift wings fly, And Hope chants her song of a * by and by.” Lightly the years had pussed over the head, With ita drooping masses of nut-browa halr, That aver the brow and cheek had strayed,— A itting frame for a faco 8o falr Fair even now, for the fever-Aurh Lent the rounded chesk its rosme blush: Tholips were scarlet, the eyes were tright; Afnat there come 8o socn thie gloom of night? With aching bearts and with tearfal ayos, Striving, with fcebls human grasp, . To keep for our earth so falra prize, To snsteh it from Deathvs ehilling clacp, ‘We stood by the stranger’s pillow there, In that tiny reom of the Pulimen gar, Fg s While the bours wora on, and the trains fasdat | past Unhesded, for 1ife was ebbing fast. Shorter snd fainter the futtering braath— - . Vain wera our efforts,—our tears streamed fazt; But the train roared on whila the Aagel Desth Gently bore the freed soul to jts fnal “ ‘There lingers yet on thia wintry air The wall of that agonizing, frantic prayex = & .. Of the husband and father, wio knelt by her wids And claspéd to his bosom Bis pale, dead brids P “TU Eita you to life, my darling ™ hecried s But the Jips wero cold that hs prensc o Lik own § Thea lifting on high “the Crucified,” * Ak, Jesu, Jlaria 1 my angel has gone I Muit 1 wanier alone thro' a dreary iifs? 0 cruet fate, give me back my wwife ! My 1eifal—0 God 1 have pit, and aid Thy cinld newly smitten and sorely dismayed 7* Thea his heart overflowed with its tido of grief, And shuddering rubs shook the atalwart frame, Tl the flowing tears brought their alight relief— And then to his ke his baby came, +Hay mamma gone sleen? What makes you 22y Kisu Marie, pap1!” In ber beautiful eye A toar-lrop trembled, but never fell, For ho kissed i away. Her love was 3 apall Tobind him atill, With strangs, swent Lazds, To the life that feemed empty and at:nless Row ; While tho Hght carers of her Luhy-handd, As they played with his buir or touckel his hrow, Was most patent to heal the woaded hcart, And roothe the terrible, stinging amart Of this Llow that had come aa tho lightning-stroks When it fells to tie carth the mightiest oak. As mourners wa sat, talking softly o'er The }ife that had et snch rudden bli We sy0ks of her father, on distant al Of her mother, awaiting the comainz light; Of her darlinig’a face, with {13 rare, swect charms And we picturcd the terrible, strange larm When tho swiftspecding mesmge of deata should come : To thrill with its horror that aunlit home | Briofly and brightly ber years went by, Tyl tho git] whose langliing, glancing eye ‘Had looked out first o’er Pacifio's shore, There the sunlight its radiant glory pours, ; Grew no strangely fafr, 1In that golden air, : That kex beauty wwaa bike soma raze, swret fowar When ¢ sways all hearts with itz subtle power. Thers csme days of triumph and gladnees then ¢ Her beauty, the thomo of touguo and pen, Gleamed ‘inid the crowds where onr zroudest mest, In the riltlant saloon or the crowdod strest ; 1l her hero came, Brooging lore 331 fame ‘To cast at her feet,—a guerdon ft For the prizs he craved,~* Ls Belle Jeannetta.” I bors her away to hia Swiss chatest, ‘Where Alnine sunsets throb snd glow And haughty dames bent their snclent pride. T greet tha Count 2nd his fuir young L3tde; While the dull old beaus e ot st Fusis A lain And avowed that 3 sten were B St vavat chsemas of < TAsmorizaine, Oh § the Gays went by i a drezmoof blisa As Edea fair ; and ow conld thia Still, pallid form, of life berelt, Bo il that the sroilerdread had Lot Of girl or oride, 2 In her queenly pride AR 1 1o wealth, or powur, ar fame could keen The idol so loved from its tast long slesp 1 cars rustiod on, and Chicago was gainsd, . e svamdarron atreets; hod e lory mainafed T s s ot s Rl Ty 4 d sod dc n & Y Hore ROk et ook at Lbe-dead, T Qur Lrief partings wars sald, And the strangers, whoss teas togother had flows v friends now elasped Ianda stthe end of th:s rond:, ; Where the Hudson glides past at-the mountain's fost ; Weers tha beading boughu of. tha elm-troes wsat . Over marlle shaf: or stateller tomb ; £ Where with aching ‘mourziers esme, ‘They laid her to reat,— 4 The cToss on her breast, — With tho gieam of White blossoms, among hsz black And her hinids meekly folded, sa if for & pragar,. Zknna J. Dunock, i the New Xork Grapies e g Sujctde of an American in Paris. * The Paris Figaro states that on Mondsy. Feb. 23, an American, oalled Chazles Briggs, commiz- ted suicide at the Hotel de Ville under the ful- lowing cifetimstances: ;In 1367 be married; st Washingten, s Hawright, very pretty, bub ill-tempered. . Ore.day he Jroposed s disorca. The lady took him at hik word, snd thréw mootht alter became Mrs. > Guanol. - Unlamnud:hm— mediately atter the separation tho first husbacd rearetted it. Ho'mads frequentaticmpts td xee Mry. Gunsel to tell her so, but was imdiznantly repelled. Ha followaed Her ~abivut for fivo yesrs, ‘ithustely.csme fter her to Paris. . On Szu- day night he bad & scens with Ar. Gurnrol a$ the doar o the, Vaudévilld, and fonr lionss laterhlaw hls ‘bralus ut, “fsaving s1etter giting 1bs Sore- il,we wouldnot thipk | going particuisis o el ey S Xl e