Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 16, 1874, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, TERMS OF BUDSCRIPTION (PAYADLE IN ADVANCR), s o e TR X Tarts of & year at the samo rato, . To provont dolay and mistakos, bo sure and give Post Ofreeaddress in full, Including State and County. Remittances may bo mado elthor by dratt, oxpross, Posk Ofticoorder, or in reglstered lotters, at our risk. TERME TO OITY BUBBCRIVENS. Lally, delivorad, Bunday excaploa, % conts por weok. Laily, aolivored, Bunday fnoluded, 8 conts por wook, Addron THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Cornor Madison aud Pearborn Uhteago, TN, TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. MoCORMIOK, HALL_North Olatk stroot, _corner Mieiae TASIOR, by tha, Apotia Clat, Germista Mesanmer Shior, wad the Fheoduro Thomas Orohestra. ACADRMY OF MUSIO~1Ialstod strost, botwoon Mad- on and Aloneno, Kngagemont of Olivor Doud Byron. ** Across tho Oontinont." TIOOLRY'S THEATRE—Randolph _stront, betwosn lark and LaSallo, kngagoment of Luoillo' Wostorn, ¥ Kast Lynne," M'VIOKKR'S THEATRE—Madison stroot, hetweon Doarborn and _ Stat, Lugagomont of tho' Stoddart Gombinntion Company, ~**The Socrel Marriago ™ and " Awioricans {n Parls.” MYERS' OPERA-IIOUSE-Monroe stroet, hotweon Dearborn and Stnto, Arlington, Cotton, aud’ Kemblo's Mistrols, Burlesquoof '* Aazoppa.™ 'Minatrolsy aud ‘comicalitios, 3 ADELPHI THEATRE-Comer of Wabash avenuo and Congross stroot. Varloly ontortaintent. ne TRE—Desplaiuesstredt, hetwoen Mad. 1,3,"2,‘,'1,,"3},'.‘,,’:‘,‘,,, Engagomontaf Dldwoll & MeDon: ougi's Troupo, ** The Black Crook.™ foot of EXPOSITION RUILDING-Take Shoro, fong, of Adams strcot. Dubufo's Painting of tho Han," Aftornoon and ovening. UNION PARK CONGREGATIONAL CHUROH— “'Fonnessonus' Slava-Oubln Qoucort,™ AVENUE BAPTIST OHUROH-Too- :u’.k!."i’y"%‘f. Dickinsou. Subjoot: **For Your Uwn inko.™ The Chivagy Teibune, Monday Morning, February 16, 1874. Gon, H. 8, Lansing, tho Wostoin Financinl Agent of tho Contennial, ina communication which appears olsowhere, renows the claims of that onterpriso to public favor and genorosity. He calculates tbat if the Exposition fail, the progress of froe institutions would be sot back o contury. Descriptions will be found in another column of tho Now County Jail, the Criminal Court, and the residenco buildings which have beon ercoted on tho North 8ide, on the site of the old North Markot Hall. Perhaps the most extraordinary fact about theso structures is that thoir cost was 250,000 logs than tho eslimates. . The Tirst Reformed Episcopal Church of Now Yotk was put under way by Bishob Cumming yestorday, In response to his invitation, 100 persons romained aftor his sormon at Steinway Hall, for the purpose of organizing thomsclves into & church of the nowsect. The Bishop ao- npounced that two churchos in Philndelphia and one in Braoklyn wero speedily to bo added to his chaigo. The House bill regulating charges at the Btock-Yards in this city was roported adveracly by the Judiciary Committeo on Saturday. In tho debate which followed it was admitted that tho warchouse decision gave the Legislaturo tho power to regulato tho rates charged by tho Stock-Yards. Chargos of exlortion nnd falso weighing were mado agaiust tho managers of tho Stock-Yards and denied, Thoe House finally rojected the report bya vote of 8¢ to 19, and passged the bill to a third reading with an amend- mont which makes it applicablo to porsons as wall as tho Btock-Yard corporation. The death of & third child yesterday added another, and it is to bo hoped the last, victim to the strango Thompson tragedy in the Town of Lako, on Friday. This calamity, in which {he lives of the mothor =and the nurse of the children may still Dbe macrificed, is as yot inoxplicable. Tho condition of the nurse, who is prevented by an un- conguerablo nausea from bolding amy food in hor stomach, has given rige to tho theory fhat tho enso is one of poisoning, Othor symptoms point to suffocation as tho cause of dcath, Tho post-mortem oxawivation to be made to-day will orobably sottle this sad question, Dio Lowis would bardly agree with Btiggins that ““oll taps is wanities.," Hoe is making too good o thing out of his fight with £ho tapsters at therato of 50 an address. In bis latest pro- ounciamento totho pross, Lo snys that ho has tundreds of invitations, but adds with signifi- sanco that ho s “dofinitely ov'gaged” for only son nights, There is considorablo differenco— E50 differenco—between & more invitation and & definito engagoment. Ho favors the formation of a Tomperance Burenu to organize the businoss, and promises that at lenst ton trained speakers would, if that wore dome, come to thefront. Thore aro, no doubt, bundreds of lecturers wif hout engagements that would leap at the opportunity of entering this now industry, In tho nceounts pull.ished in thismorning's pa- por of the notable religious exercises of yester- duy will be found ar; extended report of tho sor- mon preachod in thes Second Presbyterian Church by the Rov. Dr. Glbson, who bas been called to succced the Rows. Dr. Patterson. Dr. Gibson hes notyet accepted thocall, and it is underatood that his preseat visit is mado for tho pur- pose of soolug, and being seen nnd heard, and dotermining whethor his future usefulness will bo beat subserved by making Chicago his field of labor, Wo give, nlso, an interesting account of tho dedicatory services of tho First Congroga- tional Curch. My, McCarthy prenched two ser- mons yostorday in billiard balls in this city, but uo mombors of his largo audiences were viaibly converted, —— The lnat witness examined by the Legislative Committeo at Springfield, whioh is investigating tho SBtato printing, was a praotical bindor and prioter, Cummings by name. Taypayers will bo intercated to hoar that, according to his tuatlmnny,_tho binding of tho agricultural re- ports, for which they have boen paying 68 cents o volume, might have been done romuneratively for 25 conts, Press work on tho reg- Istry Dlanks cost $975, and could have beon done for 650, The entire registry-blank Job could have beon dono for $5,600, but the present contractors chargod $19,000 for it, The * @ltnoss atated that ho knew cases in which par- ilos who bad originally bid for the work had boen bought off by thowe who finally secured the contract, Ono of theso bidders was pald $1,000 to withdraw, The Chicago produce markots wero modorately ective on Buturday, and many of them woro higher, though New York and Liverpool wore quoted lower. Mess park was quictand 256 per brl higler, closing at 814.15@14.20 cash, and $14.25 @14.373¢0 wellor Masch, Lard was quist anda / shade firmor, oloslng at $8.873¢@3.90 per 100 Ibs cash, and 80,16@9.17}¢ sellor April, Meata wore quiet and a shede firmer, at 63¢o for shouldars, T34e for short-ribs, 79¢o for short cloar, and 93¢ @110 for awoot-picklod hams, Drossed hogs woro quict and firm at £0.25@06,80 por 100 tbe, 1lighwines wore quiot and ateady at 00c por gal- lon, Flour was dull and wesk. Whost wae active, and 3o higher, cloalngat 81,18 cash, and $1.10%c eoltor March, Corn was qulet and stendy, olosing at G6lgo cash, and G73gc roller March, Oats wero aotive and firm, closing at 420 cash, and 43340 gollor March. ' Ryo was qulot and 1o highor, at 81@813¢o for rogular. DBarloy was strong at 6o advanco, closing at $1.85 for No. 2, and $1.06 for No. 8. Livo hoga wero fairly activo and firm, with liberal salos at 84.76@6.76 for common to choico. Tho oattle and sheop markets wora quict aud unchanged. at 8t. Lows is vory gonorally commended by tha Eostorn pross, The Now York Evening Post enys that it rends something likon new Bermon on tho Mount. Tho non-political charactor of the Grango {8 now protty woll undorstood. It has boen declared by tho National Grange that political questions cannot be oven discussed in the meotings of the Order, but froedom of polit- ical action outsido of tho Ordor is pormitted and encouraged. In tho Biate of Illinois thoro has beon somo friction botween the Grangos and tho Farmors' Clubs—tho former being o scorot, tho Isttor uon-political, and an open, political orgamzation. Iow far: tho dif- foronces botween tha two can bo har- monized it is dififeult to sny, Probably gomo light may bo thrown upon this question by tho fall elcotions, The campaign which Mr. 8. M. Bmith and Mr, W. C. Flagg bave boon mak- ing in the northern countios of 'the Btato seems to hinvo been futondod to secure the co-operation of tho mombers of the Grange in their fudividual capacity with the BStato Farmors' Assoclation. At this timo it sooms most likoly that this Tarmers' Association and tho Ropublican party will bo pitted againet ocach- othor in the noxt olection, and that thore will be no third ticket in the fleld. MR, DAWES' SFEECH, Mr. Dawes, of Mnssachusotts, deserves high commendation for his speech in Congress, on Thursdsy last, on tho cmbarraseed condition of tho Treasury and tho proper mode of obtaining roliof. The spoech wna a plain statoment of actual facts, bringing no accusation of criminal- ity against any porson, but showing conclusively tho responsibility of Congross for tho presont plight of tho Treasury, An attompt has boon mado to excito the animosity of Republicans against Mr, Dawes, and to accuso him of secking to injuro tho *party,” but the country at large will read the mpoech with the intorest that an honoest statomont of facts can alone command. His review of the prosent state of tho Treasury shows this condition of thiugs: At tho beginning of the flacal yoar 1873-74, thoroe was in the Treasury over $181,000,000. Do- ducting what was duo on cal}, the available sum July 1, 1873, was 60,000,000, of which ovor $48,- 000,000 was in coin. Tho receints from July to Tob. 1, and tho estimated receipts to Juno 80, 1874, were §281,000,000. The expenditures mado and authorized for which tho Government is linblo amount to £303,000,000. The rosources, including the cash balanco at the beginomng of the yonr, are but $£341,000,000, loaving a prob- able doficit of 862,000,000 on July 1, 1874, In- cluded in those demands standing against the Trensury are sundry balances of appropriations made seversl yoars ago, and of theso perhaps $72,000,000 would not bo called for. Assuming this, the actual cash balance in July next would bo §21,000,000. Evon at this showing, the Gov- ernment would have $89,000,000 less money than at the beginning of the year. It would, in fact, bo still worso off. There were soveral deficien- cies for tho present year, amouuting to not less then $9,600,000, leaving the actual cash balanco at tho closo of the year about 10,000,000, ‘This statoment did not include any part of the $44,000,000 of Treasury notes which the Secre- tary had issued, Tho Secrotary had paid out the paper and rotained coin in an equal amount, ox- copt, perhaps, to the extont of £6,000,000, which had beon added to the public debt. The result of it all was that tho cash balanco of $60,000,000 with which tho year bogun would bo reduced to $10,000,000 at the closo of the year, mnd he considered that margin entirely teo small for the proper administration of the Treasury, liablo a8 it was to countless unox- pected contingencies. The mnpunslbillty for this condition of things, he declared, was npon Congress. In May, 1872, Congress had repealed tho tax on tea and coffeo, causing aloss of rov- enuo of $25,000,000, without tho least advantage to consumers. At o later aato it had repoaled somo othor taxes, by which $19,000,000 revenue hed been lost, or, in all, & reduction of §44,000,~ 000. The romody was to be found in ono of throo measurcs,—by increase of taxation, by a loan, or by cuttiog down exponditures. Ho opposed in- croased taxation, declaring that there had nover been an iustance in the history of tho Govern- mont when, intimeof peace, new taxes have boen imposed for the purpose of meeting our- ront exponses, The country was vmerging from a systom of taxation made necessary by over- whelming necossity, From time to time those taxos have boon reduced, and, while ho Lad opposed ihe romoval of the revenuo tax on - THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MOND woro but 377,000,000 oxponded, and $99,000,000 of tho dobt pald off, . Ho then addrossed himaol? to specifia items whoro roform in expondituro might bo mado, in- cluding the abolitfon of thirty-six ports of ontry, with their forco of Colleotors, Appraisors, oto., whoro tho wholo amount of revenuo col- locted foll short of tho salarios of tho officors. Tho cost of collecting tho oustoms revonue had incroasod from $4,000,000 in 1806, to 0,500,000 in 1870, and to ovor $8,000,000 in 1873. Another itom of wastoful oxtravaganoco was tho con- siruction of publio buildings, on which there had boon exponded, sinco 1805, tho cnormous sum of $103,000,0001 Horo, then, we have from tho hiead of tho Com- mittoo of Waya and Moaus an intolligont and carofully-propared statoment of the condition of tho Trensury, the causos which produced tho presont ombarrassmont, and of the remedy. Tho ombarrassmont has boon eaused by the vast incronso of oxponditurcs, and by tho ropeal of purely rovenue taxos in ordor to keop up pro- toctivo taxes ; tho romedy is tho plain and ob- vious ono of s reduction of expouditure by out- ting off tho tho extravagance and waste which havo markad past loglalation, and bringing the outlsy within tho incomo of the Govornment. —— THE WAREHOUSE DEOISION, It is underatood that tho warchousomon of this city have applied to the Bupreme Court for & robonring of the Munn & Scott case, which torminated recontly in tho decision that tho Warchoueo law, fixing their charges for the stor- ago of grain, is a conatitutional enactment, In- asmuch as thero have beon two hearings of tho cago alrondy, it is at least doubiful whother s third will bo granted ; nor is thero any ground for supposing that a difforent decision would be rondored it it wora granted. Tho view present- od in our columns a short time since by Mr. C. E. Culver—viz,, that if tho ralirond mon and the warchouse mon togothoer tako tho grain of ship- pors without tholr consent, and mix it with othor grain 60 as to destroy ite idontity, they must ex- orolse this power subject to conditions pre- soribed by law—is 0 forcible that public opin- ion, so far as it reaches the Court, will weigh hoavily ngainst any rovorsal of the position al- roady takou, 1t will be romembored that tho Northwestern Rnilrond in the Hompstead caso, and tho Alton Rallroad in the Vincent case, claimed the right to deliver tho grain of all shippors on their ro- spootivo lines to certain warchouses, and ro- fused to deliver to any other warchouses. They also refused to allow cara to bo uuloaded by wagons on the track. Grain must go into warehouse willy nilly, and be eapped with 2 cents storage on overy bushel. Moreover, the superior and the inforior lots must go in togethor. The ownor of grain worth a fow cents more than or- divary No, 2 must contribute this oxtra valuo to bring up the average of suotherlot worth 2 or 8 conts less. No words were allowed on the sub- ject. Tho grain was insido tho olovator before you could say Jack Robinson, andyou counld take your recoipt or not, as you liked, Spoaking about tyrauny—the Warehougo law is called tyrannical, and wo confess we do not like to seo the principlo castablishod that the Logislaturo may denominate a thing a monopoly and thon establish the rates which it eball bo allowed to charge—we have never been able to conceive o more systematic and galling tyranny than this. Practically, there is no cscape from it. It the shippor sends his grain to Milwaulkeo, be must pay perbaps an oxira amount for freight, and even then ho falls into the jaws of the snme kind of a monapoly there, Ho has no moro control over his property, and no more cholee In its disposition, thore than here, Honce, if wo linve to contemplate a novel and in some respects dangerous decision on the one hand, wo lLinve to face an omnipresent and hitherto invul- nerable monopoly on the other. The warchouseman themselves may, perhaps, show usa way out of the woods. They have every reason to boetir thomselves. They have to choose between allowing the State to fix their rates of storago and allowiug other people to como into the businoss, so that it shall no longor bo & monopoly. The decision of the Court is oxpressly predicated on tho monopoly fenturcs of grain worchonsing. Take this eloment out, and tho deoision falls. But so long as this ole- mont ig rotninod, thero is no likelihood that the Court will chenge front, Meanwhile, Iot the Railroad and Warchouse Commissionors enforco that part of the law which requires the wolghing of grain at the stations whora it is shipped, and holds the railronds rospousiblo for the dolivery of the identical amount to thoconsignoe, and lot tho Legislature passa lawproviding that all sur- plus grain found in publio warchouses, over and above the amount of receipts outstanding, shall Lo sold for tho beneflt of tho State, and the pro- cceds doposited in tho Tressury. Theso two moagures, whon euforced, will insure that the shippor shall got pay for overy pound of grain ho puts on the cars, and we shall hear no more grumbling sbout shortage—which Las been o moro fruitful sourco of complaint by far than the raltea of storage. RAILROAD EVOLUTION, The extracts which we print this morning from sdvonce ghaots of the forthcoming anaual re- port of tho Massachusctts Railroad Commis- sionors are worthy of attentive rending by all who are intereated in the solution of the rallrond problem. The rangeof general discussion and oxporiment has nover Loon eo olearly pro- ten and coffee, he was mot in favor of ré~ storing them, The induattlos of the ocoun- try aro just lifting themselves up from the burden of past toxation, and out of = deprossioa unparalloled for its suddonness and sovority. Ilo was opposed to ronowing any tax alroady ropoaled, so long ag thoro was any other remedy. o opposed, also, the idea of o loau in time of peace, when there was no sudden demand on the Treasury. Bhall the United Btates advortiso to the world that they have no monns of mooting current oxpensos excopt by borrowing monoy ? Shall thoy say to the people who are arled to purchaeo the national bonds, thot tho United States must borrow the money to pay tho intorest? In nuswer to s snggestion that this had beon done iu Buohanan's time, he atatod that twonty millions were borrowed, and the Government shared the fate of overy man and nation that borrows money to meot their current exponsos. Its orodit foll enormously. He held up to the view of tho country tho ox- penditures for the past five yoars, and thoy show as follows Ecvenditures, Debt naid, 2,000,000 Nothing, Congross was responsiblo for the immenss in- croaso of tho expenditurcs which wore shown by thiese Giguros, . In thia yosr there wouldb;n §810,000,000 pald out, without tho reduction of tho dobt one dollar, while two yoars sgo thire J 1 sonted in this country, and the bandiwork of Oharles Francie Adams, Jr., is roadily dis- cornible in it. Tho application of the Evolu- tion thoory to tho formative condition of pub-~ lio sontiment on the regulation of railroads is apt and forolble, Tho treatment of railroads is olassifiod into four mothods, viz.: (1.) The in- dependont, or that whioh pormite and encournges the building aud management of railroads on the same froo basis as the cstablishment anl puranit of other privata business; (2) raflroad rogulation by speclal municipal lnws, whick un- dortako to fix the rate of charges and other- wiso subjoct rallroad corporations 4o log- {slativo bohests; (8) exeoutive suparvision, or a systom of jnspection vy publio offlcors to whom the intoroats of the public aro intrusted, which ig the French polioy ; and (4) partial Stato ownorsbip, in order to provide stoady: and por- manent competition, which {s tho Balgian sys- tom, Itishold that theso metheds are regular and conseoutive in tholr succesrion, and tho in- foronco which the report leaves to tho roader is that the Jast-named {8 tho evoatus) outcomo of this now dootrine of *‘ naturrl sotection.” ‘Tho recapitulation of the struggle bhotweon the railroads and the poople iv, Iilinois is fairly and intelligontly made, Wo have passed through two stagos of tho railrand dovelopment, and sre nowin tho third, IAnssachusotts i ono step abiead of us, having ’ glroady ventured upon tho domain of partial Htgto ownorsbip, Maesachu- wetts and Tllinols ‘Anvyj cortainly made more pros gresa toward tho ullimate solution than auy othor of the Btatos, Wo bogan in Illinols by freoly parting with our rtights in muking irrovoonblo contraots, nccording to tho Dartmouth Collego declsion, in order to pro- moto railroad building, Wo plnced our fallh in {ho oconomical lnw of compotition to protoct us from imposition. After tho country had boon ** dovoloped ™ with tho holp of land-gronts, subsidies, and Ilboral chartore, it was discovored that compatition, s apphed to railronds, pro- ducod hardships at non-compoting points nod fluatnating discrimination, of which the peo- plo soon tirod, Then wo ontorod upon tho sccond stage, and found that tho Conatitution stopped in to provent an arbitrary rogulation by the Logislaturs, Buttho Bupremo Court poluted out a now way—oxeoutivo supor- vision—nud tho regulation of tho railroads was placed in the hands of n Doard of Commission- crs, who now excrelso similar powors to thosoe of tho Ministor of Public Worke in Frauco. It is undor tho law of 1873 that wo aro testing tho Fronch systom,—with what result remains yot to Do soen, Massnchusotts, though unirammoled by tho voluntary cession of publio rights, which was novor mndo in that Stato, did not find the third stage satisfactorily, and is now trying the ourth,—that of partinl Stato ownership, Itisn roturn to where webogan,—roliance upon the law of compotition,—but with such changes that tho compoatition Is fair and rogular, inatead of being spasmodio and dofoctive, ns is the cnso when a1l tho railroads are undor tho coutrol of private individusts or corporations. Tho drift of tho argumont mado by tho Massn- chusotts Commissionors is vory apparont, and will earry conviction with it to many minds, As the, truo savant is waiting, howoever, for the *‘missing links " to bo supplied in tho Darwin- 1nn thoory bofore subseribing to it, so it is moro prudont for the publio to wait until it is satisfled that ratlroad Evolution comprehonds only the four steges horo enumerated boforo it acoepts tho conclusions. sionera themsolvos boliovo that tho problom will outlast thoir tenuro of life, sud, meanwhile, many “missing links® may bo found, or given up as lost to the prosent goneration. THE SANBORN CONTRACTS. Now that the House of Roprosontatives has fairly detarmined to have tho documents in tho Butlor-Kelsoy business and investigato tho con* tracts which have beon made by tho Trossury Dopartmont with its informors, we trust that tho examination will bo thorough, and that the official probe will go to the very roots of the digeaso. It is not sufMciont to know with whom thoso disgracoful contraots wore mado, how much was received by the informers, and that certain mon in high standing in the Republican party aro on the delinquent-tax list. This is simply divulging the oporations of the Linckmailing job without applyiug aoy remedy. It is ouly inform- ing tho public that thoro is a bad ulcer on the body politic without using tho cautery, and of this class of developments tho poople have had their fill. It is now time tho romedy should follow the dingnosis. + In order to do this offectunlly, the act of Con- gress of May 8, 1872, which allowed tho Boore- tary of tho Treasury to cmploy persons to assist tho propor officors in discoveting and colleoting any moneyTaafa®rally withbold from the Gov- ernment upon such terms as he shall doom bost for tho intoreats of the Umted States, should bo repealed, for the renson that it has ostablished & private police institution in the Treasury De- parimont, whose omployos are at liberty to black- mail; the businces community without let or hindrance. Having reposled tho law, thon it should bo ascortained how the logislation was prooured which enabled theso detoctives to pur- #uo their oporations and collect moncys which should have been collected by the proper offi cors, and would have been if thoy had boen lon- ast or compotout. Information on this point is very searce, and would, undoubtedly, prove very valuable in getting at the gemeral character of this disgraceful businoss. So far as known, ‘this bill was prepared in the Senate by Senator Sawyer, now Assistant-Socrotary of tho Troasu- ry, and when it camo to the Houso was rejected, uotwithstanding its persistent advocacy by Bul- lor, who appeared as the special cismpion of tho measure. It was put in again by Sawyoer ns membor of o coaferonco committeo, and this timo it wont through., Thisisall tbat is known of the trangaction ; but the charactor of the bill, the character of Sauborn, who got the contract, ‘his relations to Butler, and Butler’s eagernoss at that timo to get it passed, and his present engor- ness to prevent its ropeal, all pomt to a largo- sized nogro fu tho fenco, who might bo dragged out if the whole history of this logislation were knowa, Tho investigation will not be comploto with- out kuowing something of the mon who recoived the contracts from Messrs. Boutwell and Rich- ardson, Who aro John D, Sanborn, W. H. Xot- sey, J. Nichiolson Elbert, and John Clark ? What aro their antecodonts, and how have they oxe- cutod their contracts? If they are good and trito mon, the answers tothese quostions will not injure them. If they are not good and true mon, if they aro private deteottves of tho Troasury Dopartament, who have boen * squeezing” mor- chants or blackmailing them into compromisos, lnstend of collecting tho delinquent taxes by lawful neans, thon this fact should bo Luown. Thoso men are comparatively unknown, with tho oxcoption of the man Sanborn, and what is known of Banborn is not to his crodit. During tho Robeollion he was Butlor's storokooper in a locality whore businoss was very profita- blo. Ko was next sssigned by Butlor toa I?rnvosb-l\[mhuhulp, without commission, and was eungaged in tho varlous ocoupations which tho elasticity of & Provost-Marshalslup sllows to attach to it. In theso officos, Ban- born was Butler's retainer, ready and willing to do Butler's work, and a part of that work has been doscribed by Gen. QGoorgo H. Gordon, who says: “Was any man to be libeled and blackoned and defamod to justify Dutler, SBan- ‘Lorn collocted tho foul afidavite,” This of itsel? 18 sufliclont nssurance of tho ability ot Sanborn to flll the placo of Government informer, and ‘sufllofently explains Butler's advooacy of the bill and objeotfon to its ropeal, But who are the other men,—Kolsey, Elbort, and Clark? Whose retainers aro thoy? Or have thoy simply sob up theso jobs on their own aocount and worked thom out? 'I'he history of this infamy will not Lo complete without Lkuowing somothing of the partios of the scoond part. No mattor whero or whom it its, lot us have tho whole atory, The Iate Licut, Robluson, who was killed by the Indlana near Fort Laramicrecontly, was First Lioutonant of Company A, Fourtoonth Unitod Btates Tufantry, and did gallant gorvico [na Mas- saohueotts regiment durlug the War of tho Ro- belllon, Ho was & groat’ favorite smong his brother-officera and lis mon, 8ad was notod not only for hia courago, but for a spocleal kinduess \ , FEBRUARY I6, Tho Massachusotts Commls- | 1874, of heart nnd gontlo conrtesy, A nad fopturo of his loss i3 tho fact that howas married It » fow months ngo to ono of the most boautdful and cultivatod young Indies in Massnchurotts, and Lrought lior ta the post but & short tiroe sinco, to shinre his fortuncs, Iis brothor-officors, ‘who thon gladly welcomed hor, are now tienderly cariug for hor, in hor lonely sorrow. THRE INDUSTRIOUS DMOTH, ‘When the Army bill was under discussion in Congress, the itom of 40,000 for the uscof a pntont solution to preserva the cloth and cloth- ing of the army from the moth was discussed Dy Mr. Cox, of New York, who, in o facotious way, managed to call nttontlon to n gront and costly abuso. According to the reporbof tho Quartormnstor-Genoral, thore were on lisnd, Do- combor, 1878, woolen. Elolh(nu and tonts whichhad cost §23,185,821. This did not wmoludo 42,000 blankets which eost $128,000, nor conts, jackots, trousors, flannel socks, and goods not made up. Tho coats, jaokats, and trousers had cost §8,+ 000,000, and numbered abont 800,000 garments, for an army of 80,000 mon! Included in thollst of goods on hand woro 1,250,000 yards of flannol not made up. In the samo roport tiho Quartermastor-Gonoral stated that ©860,000, or two yonrs' appropiintions, had been exponded on nceount of tho moth and mildew process of Goorgo A. Cowlas," and he nsked for snother $100,000. The Committeo had reduced this year's appropriation to $60,000. Ar, Cox woll snld that any business man having a stock of goods on hand, sconer than pay £200,000 a yenr to fight tho moths, would fell the goods out and got o frosk supply o8 hio ncoded it. In con- noction with this, it appeara that in 1800, '70,and '71, the Govornment had sold at auction *moth-~ caten® cloth and oclothing to tho amount of $1,460,000, Who buys the moth-eaten cloth, of which the great bulk was sold to porsons in Philadelphia ? It wilt appear strango that while this immoense stoclk of cloth and clothing was on hand, $368,413 waa expended in 1872-8 by the War Dopartment for the purchase of new cloth and clothing for an army of 0,000 faon. Itis truo thero was o chango made in tho shade of tho blue of the' soldiors' uniform, but why should tho change have been made when there was thon over £8,000,000 worth of garmonts actually on hand, to preserve which from the moths it ro- quired, in 1872 and 1878, $350,000 7 What is to bodono with this cloth and these garments of tho old stylo of bluo, does not appear. In 1873 tho Government expended, it is eaid, $858,000 for now cloth, It doos look very much liko mig- management or worse to spend $858,000 to pur- chiago now cloth, whon at tho same time the Gov- ernmont had in its warehousos 800,000 gmrments worth 98,000,000, and was sponding $200,000 & yoar to keep thom from being caton by moths, Turnishing the army with woolon goods must bo o profitablo businoss for tho conlractor. Would it not bo botter to sell off tha wholo stecl, and thus flank the motha? It looks s if the real moth was in the Quartormaster’s Department. A GIGANTIC ENTERPRISE, Thero avo fow countrics for which Naturo has done so much and man so little as for Poru. Blossed with every advantage, with a beautiful climate, o fortilo goil, maguificont sconory, and an inexhaustiblo supply of gold, silver, coppor, bismuth, and lead, it is still one of tho loast~ dovoloped countries in the world. For this there are two vory good rongons,—tho indolonce of tho inhabitonts and tho absonce of roada. ‘The laziness of the peoplo again is connected directly with tho prodigality of Naturae to them. The utilization of gunno, and the oxtraordinary doposits of it found in Poru, supplics the coun- try with wealth ot no cost at all, and, although a blossing to tho rest of tha wosld, it has beon o real curso to the Poruvians. Anothor reason, however, why its vast ro- gources have romained undoveloped is due to the soparation of tho country into two parts by an almost impassable barrier,—the Cordilleras of the Andes, which traverse it from one end to the olher, and which at one point riso 20,820 feot ahovo tho level of tho ses, “On the ono side of this chain lies tho groat highway, tho Paciflo Ocean; on tho other side, the Valley of the Amazon, the Amazon River, and soveral largo Poruvian rivers tributary to it. It happons that the wealth of the country is to bo found, not slong tho cossts whoro tho Spaniards made their first sottlomonts, but boyond the mountains in the rich Valloy of the Amazon. Thoe comst is rolatively barron, a sandy waste, covered with fogs during nino months in tho yoar. Such boing the con- dition of things, it is not difticult to seo the im- portance, for Poru, of providing somo means of communication botwoen the Valley of the Amo- zon aud the Pacific const. An idea may bo formed of the cost of transportation in the country whon it is known that, whilo to import a ton of goods from Europe to Lima costs only 50 francs, to carry the same ton 160 miles from Lima costs 500 franca. ‘The Peruvian Govern- mont has como to the rescus, and is constructing s railroad over the Andes, which has alrendy wmade good progross, and whioh, it is ostimated, will be comploted in 1876, DBogun in 1870, 136,000,000 francs have alveady beon oxpended on it, aud 140,000,000 cubie foet of rock and earth removed in grading it, Trom 8,000 to 12,000 men, mostly Obilians and Chinese, aro at worl at it, and, 88 no timo is to bo lost, there is & day-forco und o night-forco, The road attains a height of nearly 17,000 feot abovo the ses, and s by far tho highost in tho world, the Paclfic Railway not roaching one-halt of this oltitude. On this road s also the high- o8t viaduct 1n tho world, being 580 foot long, 800 foot high in the contre, ond resting on "thros plilara with an sltitudo respectively of 160, 183, aud 258 foot, This viaduct ia made of iron, and was manufectured and shippod to Peru from thia country plece by piece. Tho difticultics to be surmounted aro glgantio. T'o eross one very diffieult portion of the moun. {alng, it wna found necessary to comstruct, no fowor thon thirty bridges and viaducts, with an-ng- grogate length of ovor 3,000 foet, and thirty-five tunnels, with a total lougth of 15,000 feet, one of which moasures nearly 600. The scenory along the ronto is tho grandost Imegloable, The rond iy one of tho groatost entorprises of tho ago, ot unworthy to rank with tho cone straction of tho Paclfio Railwey or the laying +of tho Atlantio cablo, % A ONE-WORD CONTEST, A aingular caso has come up in Minne yota, in whioh 460,000 acres of swamp-lands & o pending upon tho dofinition of the single W g vgnch,” Tho Milwaukeo & Bt. Paul Tallw' iy Company, having recoutly mado applieatio , to tho State Auditor for cortaln swamp-V ygg granted to them by tho act of 1803, the +* yuttor mado a caro- ful examinatiou of thosot. yndor this act, tho Compauy have hergtoforo clatmod fourtoon soos tlons por mile, -ndA’h }I & boen grantod, Tho Btato Auditor, however, aftor cxamining tho phraseology of tho net, velded that the Compa- ny wos ontitled to Lait sovon sections por mile, and, nupon mbmitting the quos- tlon to tho Attorney-Gonornl, tho ‘iat- ter gavoe an opmion sustaining the construction which the auditor placed upon tho mot. Aftor granting to tho rond nll the swamp-lands bolonging to thio Stato within the lmits of soven miles oz cach sido of tho rond, from 8t. Paul to Winous, tho act provides ns follown : And if, upon the complotion of any twonty continu- ous mHes of salt rosd ns nforessid, it shall bo found that, within the acven mileaof said line, thero shall not bo an amount of swamp-lands, on each side of aafd Uine, bolongiug to tho Btale, equal to at least scven Sutl acctions per milo of sad road so comploted, then iho Company shiall hovo the right to, and may solect from, tho swamp-lands bolonglng to this State, oulaide of safd evon-milo limits,other swamp-lands in an smount equal to anch deficivncy, Tho point mada by the Auditor is that tho phrase “equal to at lenst soven full seotions " is qualified by tho phraso * on cach side of snid 1lno,” and that the word **cach " doos not moan #oven scctlons on this sido and sovon on that, but seven sections on both pides, 08 embracing the antire grant por milo. This point tho Audi- tor still farthor strongthons by quoting from tho act granting swamp-lands in aid of the Lako Buperior & Missigsippl Railrond, whoro tho samo phrase {8 used, and also ofticinlly oxplained to monn “both." This act ronds: And if 1t shall bo found that within the said meven miles of each afdoof auid line thoro shall not bo an smount of swamp-lands bolonglng to tho Stato (equal) toat loast Aoven full sections por mile, thon tho sald Company shall havo tho right to soloct from tho swamp- lauda belonging tothe State . . , . other ands in an smount 1 ali equal to soven full sections sior cach and ovory milo of such completod roads + o o . 'Tho Railrand Company, of course, will go into tho courts with “cachi” and tho State Auditor with “both,” and some Intorosting essays on comparative philology may bo expected, a8 well a8 dividing of hairs **'twixt south and southwost slde.,” As it is not a question to bo declded by Coko or Blackstono, but by Webster or Wor- costor, tho Judges will have nn opportunity to prove whether thoy aro learned or mot. It is not improbable some side-issuea may bo sottled also,and that wo may havo an oflictal declsion on tho respeotive morits of Wobstor and Worcestor, and an authoritativoe declaration as to whas con- stitutes good grammar, Meanwhilo the people of Minnosota, “each” and all, wilil await tho decision with much interost, as upow: the defini- tion of this littlo word *‘ocach” liaug 450,000 acres of land on which the State insititutions do- pond for maintonance, but which will be ab- gorbed by “*Dboth” these railroad cidrporations if “onch” does not menn * both." THE CASE OF FITZ-JOHN FORTER, Fitz-Tohn Portor's caroor, up to the timo of his court-martial, wag a successful. one, Ho wiag ropeatodly brovetted aud promoted for gallant.ty during the Mexiean War, o was afterwardd dotailed as an instructor at Wost Point. Ho rose rapidly in rank during the firat two yenrs of, tho late War, and was Brovet Brigadier in tho regu- lor nrmy and Major-Goneral of volunteers whon ho was caghiored. This record, honorable as it is, shoutd not ehield him from blamo, if tho charges against him wore true, but it should create 8 prosumption in his favor. ‘Tho cnse against him, which he wishos roheard, is, in briof, this: Ho was nn avdent friend of McClel- lan, and conscquently not s friond of Pope. Af- tor the evacuntion of tho Peninsula ho was un- dor Popo's command, and, as allogel, disoboyed his orders. Tormal chargos ware proforred against him, and ho was relieved. At McOlol- lan's requost ho was roinstated. He did good sorvico during the Maryland campaign, but was aftorwards tried, and waa cashiered. Jan, 21, 1808, for disobedionco of ordors. Ho asks for a rohearing on the ground that the trial was during a period of groat popular oxcitoment ; that the court was am illogal one; and that tho testimony of Confederate officors, then inaccossib¥o, will show that his courdo was justifiable. 'Tlya last point, if found to be well takon, is suflicient in itsolf. And it scoms to bo woll taken, Ho was charged with disoboying two orders. ‘Tho first, sent to Mcldowell jointly with him, digected that it * should not be cfrried out if eny considerablo advaninges were to bo gainod by doparting from it Dotk Gonerala disrogarded it, as they had a xight to do, and by their disregard snved Popo® scattered srmy from aun nttack by the whole forco undor Lee. Theo secaud order directed Porter to advsnce on Jackson®s exposod flank. It is claimed that it was then too late to do anything (the orcler was | sont ab 4530 p. m.), and that, instead of * Jack- son's oxposed flank,” Leo and Longstrost con-' fronted Portor with an overwlislming forco. It 60, obedioneo to the mistakon. order would have been madness. Confoderate . testimony is offor- ol to prove that this was the state of affaira, Tho line of argumont hore ¢ ketchoed is o prima JSacie justification of Gon. Portor's plea for o uow trial. Unless somo definite roason to the contrary can bo given, his roquost should bo granted. CHURCH AND-STATE, Tho Rev. Dr. Pattersca, in o paperon tho “ Rolations of tho State toReligious Education " recontly rosd before the M inisterial Assoclation of this clty, advocatod *ewoulnr teashing, com- | bined with unscctarinn -moral and roligious: | teaching.” Unscotavian raligious teaching, wer fear, is an impossibility, ' For rolif:lon is simply* morality plus a creed, Instruction in it, thon, a8 distinguished from moral inst:uction, must bo the inouleation of & ereod. A croed is tho badgo of & scol. Cunitbe taughiiin an unsoc- tarian way? Dr. Pattorson may-roply that all orceds unito in declaring the ¢ixiatonco of & God, tho possosslon by Iim of cortain atirib- utes, the inspiration of theBible, 1and the fact of & futuro state, But all orceds do mob 80 unite. Many porsous who bolieve in tho existenos of 8 3od maintain that His atiribubes sro unknowsfalo ; tho naturo and tho bare fact of Biblical inspiration are theologienl Fattlo-grounds ; andithe future stato is deniod by gomo and painted .o widely-diffor- ent colo s by thoso who bolieve jin it. Dr, Pat- torsor, procoeds, too, on the .assumption that the*roligion taught must be Clrvistianity, Tho 8t ato has no more to do with teaching Chris- “danity thau it hos with teachinyg Judalsm, If tho superior claime of the formel: are urged on tno ground that ity votarics form tho majority of tho population, a full rejoinderis found in the question : * If tho Jows should come to be o majority of ono of the tates of the Union, would It bo the duty of tho State to toach Juda- ism in the publio schools?" 'Tluy proper rela- tions of tho Btate to roligious edm;ation arothose of strict non-interforonco. Tho aorreot view of this matter was that takow by the Rev. W. W. Patton, in the New Englazder, o fow months ago, holding that the Chuxch can only nek tho Btato that it sball not intorfere to ita projudice Ly appropriating monoy to ondow edusational inatitutivns above tho grado of comymon echiools, thoreby crushing out denominational institue tions Ly tho superlor utiractions which large ondowments can furnish, . Ce——re—— . Tt nover rains but ity Tho ealamition of thio District of Columbia continuo to grow, the latest one being a law-suit which hns over- taken the Ion, Peter Campboll, Bpeakor of the. Iouso of Dolegates. Tho Ion. Potor, it appents, I8 o large-honrted and hospltable man, who lias beon in tho habit of taking tho Dole- gatos to Messrs, Godfroy & Goell’s restaurang and fooding thom upou doviled ornbs, cham- pogno, nnd other luxuries, whenover he wanted to tmpross thom with tho importance of auy par~ ticutnr subject, Aftor ntimo,the memboragotinta tho habit of going thoro without stopping for Potor's invitation, and of requesting tha proprios tors toscoro their lttle suppors to his account, Things went on swimmingly for n timo, but, ono flno morning, Mossra. Godfroy & Gooll prosented a littlo bill ot tho Bpeskor's dosk, in which wera the following ltoms April 28—Filty sandwiches, ... .. Six spring chickenn, 6.0 Four dozen fricd oysiers 239 Two plotes fish, i 8ix dovilod erbi o0 Sunll drin Niito bottle Cigara, , s May 6—8lx Lottlen of wiitsiry Blx whisky glassus, Juno 17—Supper for membors, Bupper for clerks Dreakagoand fosn of sapiing.. The Hon. Poter gazed st tho figures, tho sum total of which was 81,019,065, v dismray and rofusod to pay for tho logislative froo luuches, The Legislaturo rofused to pay, and consoquently tho restauratours brought swt against the Hon, Peter. It is hard on the Ion, Poter that this harmless littlo bit of pleasant- ry shiould cost him go deprly—that this littlo fish should bo soined when the great ones are going through the meshos ovory day. It was specially hard that mombers should carry off napkins and Potor should have to pay for thom. Whon oven napking are not safe, what hopo is thoro for moro valuable things in the District? — 8t. Louls at last confesses that its noso is on the grindetono, Reforring to the war botween the Unton Paoific and the Chieago rords whicl torminate'in Omaha, the 8t. Louis Globe says : Our connoctlons with tho geeat highway of tho trange continental {ravel aro 80 roundabout aud uusatisfoce tory that. wo anly got tho leavings of Chicago's throngly business, Tho only diract lino to Omalia over planncd Ly B, Louis stops out in tho wonds, and, until it is compioted, which will bo at no assighablo timo, we must efthor hand our freighte up 10 tho Hannflnl & 8t, JooTtoad and cliargo notliing for tho Gorvice, or wo muat send it along the windings of tho Missouri River, ‘This Is not a pleasant thing to Bay. ‘We prosumo it is not ; but, now it is soid, 8t. Louis will fecl all tho better for it, Thero i somo hope for 8t. Louis if she has commonced to toll tho truth. ———— Tho Danville (TIl.) News expresacs its gratifi- eation that the Legislaturo refused to ropeal tho Grab law of 1869, but botrays a singular igno- ranco of what that law was, It understands that the lat of 1869 was tho act authorizing towns and counties to voto subscriptiona to tho capital stock of railroad companies, It thinks this law ought not to be xopoalod. It is possiblo that somo members of the Legislature who voted against tho repeal wore equelly ignorant of tha nature of tho act of 1863, Tho Dauville News ia informed that the Inw it refors to was ropealod ‘by tho Btato Constitution of 1870. —_————— A fow weoks since, the dotails of the splendid ‘boquest of tho late Johns Hopkins to cortain claritablo institutions i n Baltimore weroe given in Tne Tningne, On Wodnesdoy Inst, a bill ox- cmpting tho estate thus conveyed from the pay- ment of tho collateral inheritance tax was ro- jected in the Maryland Senate by tho clogo vote of 10 to11. —_— Pittsburgh's claim for remuneration from Congross for her fortifications in 1863, during Lee's invasion, has been ridiculed all over the Union. Tho Commercial now discovers tha *tgoven-tonths of those whoso names. have boen mado to appear as claimants in this business are “thoroughly averse to tho wholo procecding.” ——— : L PROFITABLE MINING. Prof. W. H. Stevens gives the following cheor ing account of tho success of tho silver mines on Alt. Lincoln and the mountain next to it, in Park County, Col. Ho says, under dato of Fob 10: Tor tho year 1872 they oarned and divided o profl) of 50 per cent upon the capital pald up, For the year 1873, theoy produced 491 tons of ores, that yieldod 590,000, Thia camo from the Iiawathn, Baker, Wil won, Linu, Haynea, and_Sliver Star Lodes or Alncs, Which required o largo superficial _expenso in roads, which now extond from thio Platte Valley to and acrost Mt, Bross to uear tho summit of Mt, Lincoln, Dweils Suga and shovs had Lo bo built, and superficil explovue tions made, a6 Wo wero obligad to make certain oxplol« tationn aud improvemonts upon ecach mine-claim bor foru wo coutld get Government title, which is equal ta $300. Wo then made survey-mups aud plats, and ade Vanced monoy for Government titles, pnirchtsed full sots of carpenter’s sud amitl’s tools, and a full supply of stesl-powder, fuso, candles, nnd provisions, (s coin= Dloto 0w 1t to last our farcos until noxt Juno: and, after leaving sufficlent money in tho treasury to pay for labor,, wo wera able o declare aud pay s dividend of 70 pors cant,—$10 per shore upon 400 shurca of & par Yoliio of $100,--§40,000 capital. Tho profit on the or- dinary conts was 97 per cont, Our extraordinury costs reduced this divideid to 70 per cont, I am most hoppy fondd that soveral othior parties liave been equuliy succensful. Tho prescnt prospects are, that tug product snd profits will steadlly increaso, and the country prarpur,“\m‘;ll plugux: our ;-10\3;1“ expectations y roalizod, ‘may Lo fulky roa o W. 1L gravare, — 4fho Grent Bridge Casc=-A Flnal Sote tiement Securods nin tha Pyttsburgh Coninercial, Fed. 13, finm)n:rdn y# ago wo noted tho fact that the Ili- nols & St. Louis Bridge Company, of this city, nhad submitted to arbitration an impor- wnt onse, involving soveral hundred tho - gand dollars, The Hom, Stanloy Matthow.s, of Cumocinnati, was to bo solo _judgs of tho Isw, and Mr, James Park, Jr., of Alloghany, solo judge of the faots. The contiu- ued illness of Mr, Purk rendered it impossible to procoed promptly with the case, and, as It waa desirable to hava sn early sottloment, tho cou:- sol of both partics met in Now York last woek, with priucipal represeutatives of both corpora- tions, sud, attor four or five days' consultation, ronched an amicablo conclusion. Tho Koystone Dridge Compavy is to recoive rome 3250000, fu- oluding $125,000 rotaiued percentage upon tho eatimates as the work progrossed, Tho whola .mount I8 absolutely socured, tho necessary 1-@pers having pasdod botweon tho parties. Tho o Tairs of tho Iilinois & St. Louis Company hays been placed upon & very favorabla footing Ly yooont fingneial negotiations, and the work will be prosecuted with vigor. The auttlur‘nunt wag eve.ty way favorablo to tho Keystono Company, whiclh wau represonted by 8. Schoyer, Jr,; Esq., of thus city. Charles I(Ill[,'fi[l:yb- 4 rons the New York Mail, Feb. 12, The B:"v. ClerlesKingaloy arrived from En- gland yostorduy with Miss Kingsloy, by the steamer Qccanko, 1t is understood that he in- tonds to deliver loctures in this country. Dur- ing his collogo 1o bo obtained o high ropuata- tion, having gained & uchnlmh? and _several -prizos, aud - bofore Lo enterod tho English Olnirol ho was a studont of Jnw, Mr. Kingsloy Tios mingled wiik workingmon, sud takenun activo part in the flngfi’n Boliool movament, | 4 Alton Locko," *'[wo_ Years Ago,” ** Hypatia, and % Ioreward, tho Lust of tho Linglish,” have rondered his namo familiar to American roaders, Alr, Klug«lai/ Lias taken 11p his residenco, for the it proseut, with F. 8, Shaw, of Now Brighton, Staton Teland. —— 2Zaptism and Denthe A young religious convert in Kingston, N. T, inulstod upon being_ baptized on a rocent uuld Bunday. ‘lu argucd that no bad result could poesibly follow o holy rite, and, against the vo- monstrancos of his friends, the eoromony was porformed In & stream from which the ico hud to {u) cut, ITo ouught s bad cold, atd dled of the exposure and shook, —— A Slight Difforence Fyam the New Orisuns Picaytine Two Doys—* My falher ls in tho Customs Touso,” ¥ Mine'sin tho station Louse,” * My .nu.m: can kosp ou utouling, aud yours cau't,"”