Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 8, 1874, Page 2

2 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, JAN JARY B8, 1%74, *——_______—_._—‘—__——__—_———_____—._—_____—‘_ WMILITARY ILLINOIS, Early Martial History of the : State. Records in the Adjutant-General's Offioe, List of Officers Commissioned During the War of 1812. Report of the A‘Uutnnt-flcncfal for 181, Number of Tilinols Soldiers Who Perished at Andorsonville, Various Statistios and Recommendations "\\ «-A Bit of History. * Jamen D, Thoman, First Lioutcnant, July 31, 1812, Robort Fodd, Alde-do-Caru, Oct, 18, 1812, B Qolo Torongo, Captain, March 1, 1812, " Tobort 'Erowny, Becond Lisutousnt, Maroh 2, 1812, Garard Tramel, First Livutonanty July 11, 1411, Thilip Tromell, Major, Nav, 8 1811, Jamea Trusdalf, Captain, Sopt, 6, 1613, Himon Van Orschab, Eusigu, March 8, 1812, Joshun Vaugn, Second Licutonnnt, Juno 11, 1812, Bimon Wheclock, Ensign, April 15, 1814, Tonald Wiite, Captain, Oot, 13, 1812 Leonard Wisife, Caplai, March 13, 181, Tenjamin Whiteslde, Gaptnin, Marels 13, 1813, Wil 3, \Whitenidé, Osplath, Hopt, 11, 1812 Lolbiiam Whitead, " Lioutousht- olonel, ‘Sumuol Whitostdo, Onptatn, April 99, 1812, Anron Whitnoy, Borgeant-Major, Sopt, 13, 1813, Jumes Wilson, Burgcon's Mate, Sept, 13, 1812, Harrison Wilsou, Ensign, Sont, 6, 1812, Dudloy Willinme, Captais, Oct, 1, 1813, Jolin A, Williime, Enalgn, Morch 20, 1813, Alfred iood, First Lieutinont, March 3, 1812, Ephrahm Wood, First Lisutcuant, Maroh 13, 1813, Adam Wolrick, Enelgn, Sopt. 1, 1812, 1t in bolioved that this rostor has novor boforo voon, published, nnd Adjt-Gon, Higgina do- sorvon credit for rosurrecting it from the obliv- ifon to which it had been consigned, Among the records I found A COMMISSION IS8UED DUNING TIE WAR OF 1812, which {8 woll preserved. I cn{\)y 1t to show that :)Iul littlo has been ndded to thoe form sinco that mo: . . NINIAN EDWARDS, 5 QOVENNOR AND CO.MANDORR-IN-CI{IKF OF THOE MILITIA OF THE ILLINOIS TERDITOLT, o all wha alall see Heas presentd, grecting: Kuow ye, that, coponing mpecial ieust aud contdenca in the ]u\ll‘]nfllm, valor, fi IlE"l£ and abilitics of Alfred Waod, I hereby appointed Liim Liontehant iu the Fourtt Tegiment of tho Militla, Ife is, therofore, carcfully and_diligontly to_dischargo the' dnty of Lioutonaut Y ‘Spectal Correspondence of The Chicago Tridune. Srmarier, I, Jan, 5, 1874, The Adjutdat Goneral's oflice, siuce the closo of tho War, lins dwindled into insignificance,— 8o unimportant, in tho mindof overy one,have its dutles, and indeed its éxistence, become. And, for that renson, it Line boon neglocted by the corrospondont and tho nows-gathoror. It had nevor occurrod to thom that among tho archives stowed nway for years in tho boxes and othor: raceptacles of the oflico, could bo found intereat- ing evidonces of tho EADLY MARTIAL HISTORY of tho State. Tho historian, in hiseritical search for facts, has glven it o wido borth, It was, therofore, fortunato that, in n convorsation with Col. E. L, Iliggins, tho Adjutant-General, ho alluded to some of the enrly military events whick bad transpired, and thus excited my curiogity to oxplore the subject, and glean from, tho records such items of Intereat a8 would benr, at this remoto timo, publication, Thera were no nowspapers in that early day in whioh to chron- iclo tho deeds of daring and prowess which charactorized the border and pioncer soldiers. I found the records of tho afilee roplote with tho ently martinl history of the peoplo of tha Stato, dnting far back, antorior even to our Territorial organization, In the Iudian wars which followed the peace of the Revolution, at intorvals down to the War of 1812, thio Torri- tory now comprising the State’ of Illinols fur- nished o numbor of K GALLANT AND HALDY OLDIRRS, . who were rewarded for their sorvices with grants of land by the General Government., The land wae selected and loonted in tho District of Kas. kaskin, at which pointsome’ of the earliest sot- tlements wore made. Tho wide wasto of opon prairie which has now become so valuablo way passed by a8 worthlees, Tho record_shows thiat, of the war with tha Indinus and the French, in 1790, theso wore _aceredited {o *‘The Illinois"—as our State was then popularly . known, and for-many years afterwards was called by emigrants—279 soldiers who had survived. Tho 1ist of pomes of this number is still preserved. Thoy aro, judging from their nnmes, either FRENCIL OR OF FRENCI DESOENT. Nearly all of this number who located their Jandu sattled in the district bofore alluded to. Tho fact i alsa preserved that the little town of Caholkia, of which so much sport hias beon made of racent years, in connection with tho removal of the ~Capitol, wns, “on more than ‘ong occasion, the bnso of supplies for milltery oxpeditions sont out against hootilo Indians. It is not knowo, yet it 18 doubt- less truo, Lhat the descondants of theso patriots etill livo in Randolph and 8. Clair Counties, ‘The Territory of Illinois wns organized in = 39, by sn act of Congress, and 1 Bdwards, of Kentucky, was ap- » mor. Inthe War of 1812 ho was .1-Chief of tho Mlitia of the Ter- g that war there wero enlistod and “‘2,1,‘06 privates aud 138 vommis- ' JST OF TUESE OFFICENS ’ beof intorest, and especially so .sir ghildren or children's childrea be living, and who may possibly 1the glorious pmt their fachers vviow of giving their names that - doserve, and of sutisfying that in- .mero mention of them excite, I itive, with rank and dato of enlist~ Jesso Adkerson, Ensign, Blarch 3, 1812, William Alexander, Ciptoin, July 4, 1811 ‘Willlam Alcorn, Cuptain, November, 18 Sumuel Allen, Second Lioutonant, July 31, 1812, Crirtis Anderson, Ensign, July 17, 1811, David Anderson, First Lieutenant, May 12, 1813, daren Armatrong, Ensign, Fobe 1, 1813, ames B, Bailey, Ensigu, Feb. 97, 1813, Aarew Doukeron, Soeond Licutenuut, Feb, a7, 1613, Louls Darker, Caplain, Maroh 1, 1813, Thomns Berry, Ensign, Sopt, 6, 1812, Jobn Bildorbock, Euslgo, BMarch 6, 1813, Willim Dilderbbek, Hecond Lieutenant, Blarch 6, Danlel Boltenhouse, First Licutensnt, March 3, 1612, Willlum Boom, Captatn, March 3, 1813, Paul Bruzel, Gaptuin, d,ujfl 4, 1812, Trederick Buck, Firat Liontenunt, April 4, 1813, Joseph Burrougle, First Lieutenaut, Feb, 20, 1818, Ueury Carr, Eusign, My d, 1813, Natlian Chumbers, Captain, Maveh 11, 1813, Tlenry Cook, Captain, Murch 12, 181 Johu Cochran, Captal, Sept, % 1812, ‘Ausalom Cos, Oaptain, Sept, 3, 1612, Thomas L, Cralg, Captain, Sopt, G, 1813, fHamuel D, Davidson, Fist Liculenaut, March 8, JHN Gilbriel DeCachu, Captatn, Sept. 3, 1812, Fiwond et Droeet urch, ot Edward Bbart, Captain, March, 181 Ninlat, Edwaris, Drigodior-General, Sopt. 9, 1812, Owen Evans, Gaptain, July 18, 1811, Humlet Forguson, Major, July 17, 1811, Thowas Finloy, Ensiygn, Aarch 9, 181 George Fisher, Major and Surgeon, .18, 1813, James Ford, Captain, July 17, 18] Jobiu Forrester, First Lisutenant, Sept, 5, 1812, James N, Fox, Captaiu, Feb, 27, 1813, William Gilam, First Licutenant, Scpt. 9, 1813, Titus Grégg, Firat Lieutenunt, Aarch 3, 1812, Thomas Green, Captaiu, O, 26, 1811, —— Greenup, Captaiu, May 12, 1812, William Gritilu, Enalgh, Marc 3, 1612, Ivanoc Gritlin, Captaln, March 11, 1813, ——Griggs, Captain, Muy 13, 1413, Thomus Grlmth, Captain, Oct, 20, 1811, Jobn Graver, Sécond Lishtenant, Sept. 5, 1812, Samuel Uargraves, Second Licutenaut, Scpt, 5, 1812, Willls argruves, Gaptaln, Sept, G, 1813, Marshal Howkins, Eoaign, July 1, 1812, Russcl E, Hicock, Judge Advoeate, Sopt, 13, 1812, Jouus {libbs, Adjutaus, Oct, 10, l!;fl Nathanel Hil, Gaptaln, Aptil 8, 18 Jobn Hegius, Fife Major, Sept, 13, 1 Jobn Huftt, Ensign, July 1, 1813, Nicholas Jarrot, Caplain, March 18, 1815, William Jones, Captaiu, Murch 9, 1613, Samuel Judy, Captain, Oct, 18, 1813, Jolin Jurney, First Lieutenaut, Fob, 27, 1813, Nathaniel Jurnoy, First Licutebunt, July 31, 1812, John Lacey, Firit Livutenant, Murch 8, 1814, Hardess Laln, Burgeon General, Sopt, G, 1812, Thomas Levans, Captaln, Sopt, U, 1813, fienry Lovans, Captam, Aarch 13, 1614, Hamuel Levering, Captain, Sopt, 19, 1812, Teuben Linn, Eusigu, Oct, 14, 1812, Elibu latacr, Adjutant, Sept, 18, 1812, Willium Maxwell, Enslgn, Morch 28, 1813, Wallintn Muchoroy, First Liouteuant, Sopt, 5, 1813, Willfam Mclride, Firet Lieutcuant, July 6, 1811, Btaco McDonough, Captain, May 13, 1813, Samuel McGowen, First Leutenaut, July 18, 1811, Willlam McHenry, Captaln, March 2, 1813, “Dauicl G. Moon, Captain, March 9, 1813, David Moou, Firet Lientonaut, Oct, 14, 1813, James B, Moon, Captain, Aug, 13, 1813, Jobn Moon, Quariermasier's Sergeant, Sopt, 10, 1812, Jobn Mordock, First Licutenunt, May 3, 1812, ~—— dott, Capuain, Nov, 8, 1811, Arthur Morgan, Second Llentauant, April 1, 1813, Jacob Oglu, Virkt Lieutenant, April 16, 1812! Jobn Ocsby, Denm-Major, ept. 2, 1812, Joieph Pultr, Eusign, Makeh 4, 1012 Jumnea G, Patterson, First Licuteunnt, Feb, 27, 1613, Nalbanicl Pope, Ald-ge-Camp, Sept, 4, 1819, Joha Prichard,'Captain, Feb, 21, 1613, Sulomon Priest, Captain, Marell 3, 1612, ‘Wililuus Fricat, Major, Stpt, 14, 18 Michal Quigiéy, Drum-Majcr, Sol.t, 13, 1813, Maeens Quirk, First Lieutenaut, March 3, 1813, n, March 4, 1813, Nirholas Rutosvy, Captatn, Sept, 15, 1812, Ellns Ttector, Aldé-de-Camp, Bopt, 8, 181, ‘Nolson Roctor, Ald-de-Camp, Oct, 15, 1812, ‘Wibllam Rector, Ald-de-Camp, Oct, 10, 1812, Whiliam Koynolde, Burgeon’s Mate, Fev, 16, 1813, Thomas Roberts, First Lioutensut, Sopt, 19, 1812, Davkd Robinson, ¥irat Lioutonant, April 1, 1813, Tleasanit Kose, Ensign, 1819, John Bavago, Eusig, 1813, Jolin Beott, Captaih, ‘Murch 3, 1613, John Berogyiny, Eutign, March 13, 1813, Jucob Bhott, Captain, Mureh 3, 1812, Willlum Bimpson, Major, Oct, 20, 18] Joln Springor, Kieat Lichioniut, urdi 17, 1813, ‘Amos Hyuiros, Gaptalu, March 3, 1614, ‘Abraham Slwltiop, Capiain, Bept, 11), 1812, Benjamiy Btophetson, Major, Bopt, 3, 1812, "lLomus V. Swariugen, Second Lisutonuit, May 3, 812, John Bwigort, Becoud Lisutenant, Aug 1120 Talhor, Enatg, sopt, o, 1ae o & 1% by doing and performing all manner of things thoro unto belonging ; and I do strictly require all- afficers and_goldiers uuder his commnand to bo obedient to hin orders on Licutenaut ; aud Lo {s to oboy such or- ders and dircctionn fromi {ima to time 08 he shall ro. “celve from tho Commander-in-Ohtef or his superior officers, This commission to continue fu. force dur- fug tho pleaaure of the Goveruor of the Territory for the timo belng, g In testimony whoreof, T havo causod tho acal of tha Territory _to bo herounto_ aflixed, Given under my hand, at Kaskaskis, the 13th day of March, fa tho year of our Lord 1413, and of tho Independenco of ilio United States tho thirty-sixth. - NiNmaw Epwanps, By the Qovernor : e Naw, Porr, Sccretary, 1 Evidenco is givon of tho care’ with which the troops, or rather tho commanding ofticors, - ACCOUNTED FOR PRUPERTY which was talken for tho use of tho soldiers or their horees, by roturns mado to the Qovernor, as follows : cony, ™ Dushels. Pecks, Quarts, Each man's name was glven, opposito which, inthe form abovoe, tho numboer of bushels, pecks, and quarts of corn taken from him was stated 3 and on vne report which I saw the total footed up 518 bushely, 2 pecks, and 1 quart. Tho following 18 the form of s number of ro- ceipts which 1 found on tho filea: Ido certify that Aloxauder Robertson furnished a wagon, toam, and_driver from tho 23d-day of March, 1813, un(il tho 27th day of April, both daya included; ‘which was attached to the company under my com= mand, and employed in hauling timber to build a fort, Dlock-house, ete, LEoNaRD Wiire, © ' Captain Fourth Rogiment Iiliuols Militia, June 10, 1813, Tt is u littla curious thot, whilo theso auciont documents aro o well prescrved, and the his- tory so full, with referenco to THE BLACK-HAWK WAR, the office is almost & blnnk ; but 1t 1 thonght that rocords of the oftico of the Seorotary of Stato, if examived, could be madoe to fill up this blank. * The Mosican War and the War of the Robellion aro tou recent to demand any special mention. ‘The Adjutant-General, in hia report of this date to the Goveruor, hns solected such topics as o deomed of interost, aud I extract from it, not literally, but the substanco of his statistics and guggestiona: 'Tho number of our Illinols soldiers who perished in o THE DEN OF ANDERSONVILLE Lias nover boforo becu accuratoly givon. A com- “parison of the Roll of Honor published by the Government with the company-aund regimoutal roports of Illinois rovealed many inaccuracies, and it was not u little difficult to recoucilo and correct thom all, ~ But it is now believed that the list a8 givon by, tho Adjutant-General ié ns near correct as it can bo made. ~ Ho lhing ox- amined ol sources of Information, and the total number which he hos tabulated in alpha- betical ordor is 853,—G3 less than the Roll of Honor contains, whom ko was unable to identify as 1llinois soldiers, PR He rccommends that the STATE CLAIM-AGENCY be revived, for the collection of claims of citi- 2ous of the Stato against tho Genersl Govern- ment ; aud suggests that soveral of tho Statos have designated thoir Adjutants-Goneral, and thig courso is commended by I, D. Townsend, ‘&5; l!nnl-Quum}‘l of the Army. ,There is moroe thath £500,000 offaupuid claims Avhich neecd tho ajsention of some ono anthorized to make proof of their gouuineness, and secure their paymont. THE MILITIA ¥ORCE of the State consists of 1,924 oflicers ‘and men : 649 nro uniformed, at n cost of $10,656; amouut paid for arscuals, &e,, 34,924.45; total, 14,980,145, This awount is paid by the membors of the com- panies. In consoquoncp of tho cost of mairin- 1ng the organization, soven compauies have dis- bauded during tho year, and only threo have boen organized, o recommonds the passage of a general militia law, and that appropriation bo made from tko State Treasury to doefray the Sxpons, ‘I'sere bave boen issued from the Arsenal sinco tho War 700 stand of arma; and an endeavor woa made this year to_collcct them, which wag partially succesaful, Thero are still out nearly 200 stund, which will probably be o total loss to the Stato of 34,746.06. Tho duties of Ordnance Officer hoing in- compatible with theduties of Adjutant-Goneral, Col, Higging usks to bo relieved from aorving as the luttor, ¢ Whilo in the.Arsenal, A BIT OF NISTORY which Liag never boan told was dieclosod to me. A private Union soldier, & prisonor, on the morning that Richmond was evacuated, und while'the Rebels weto still leaving, and bofore our troops had possession, displayed from one of the windows of Libby Prison & Union flag which he bad by chance found stowed away in tho prison ; aud thero it was floating over ibby when our troops”entored. Subsoquentl the soldior, who was from Maseachnsetis, tool with bim tho first Union flag whioh floatod over Richmond after its fall, and delivered it to Gov. Andrew, Upon oxamination, tha fl“fi: roved to bave belonged to the Tlnrteeuth 1) l{l’mlu. and Gov, Androw notifled Qov., Oglusby, in 1865, of the facts abovo given, and guid” Lo 'held the flng subject Lo tho ordors of Gov. Oglesvy, tlo' 8dded, in wubstance, that it would bo well to posscss it ns & memen- to that an Illinois flag first flonted over Rich- mond, aud that it wad displayed by s Massachu- sotts eolder. The flag was duly received here, and now hias a prominent place among tho 518 othors which testify to tho valor and patriotism of the sons of Illmois. Taey hnve been found worthy to muintain theearly martial glory of tho Btate ; and may it ever bo presorved by them who como after them. 3 A Pen-Knife Complicnt) missioner of Putdnts on the BoyH. Lrom the Washinglon Star, Tor years post it has beon the custom in the different bureaus of the Interior Dopartment for tha liead of ench bureau on Christmus to prosent to each employe cithor a kuifo or gold pen or both, theso presouts being purctias- ed with monoy from ‘the Coutingent Fund. Quite a sonsation was creatod emong the quill- drivors of the Patont-Oflico this morning by tho appearanco of the following ciroular, signed *N, D, Lnnfiuu, Commissioner of Patonts,” on tho bulletin board: *“Whon I cama into the Patent-Office, I found it had Jong Loeu s custom to presont at tue close of ench your & gold pou and pocket-kuife, purchasod with public funds, to cuch omployo of this oftico, 1 have searched iu vain for any logal authority to warrant the Commissloner in mnking such use of any portion of the public funds intrusted to bis cate. [ am fully aware that many in the oftico are poorly pald for their #orvicos, and 1 should rogard it as a groat privi- lego to be ablo to componeate them properly; but not one such person, I presumo, would do- siro me to make an illogal use of mouey placed under my control to thus reward him, It was not my iutention that suoh prosonts should be wmado last your, but tho articlos had boey pur- chased beforo my attontion was called to e wmattor, Tho praotice of maklug such prosonts will, from this date, b discontinucd durlng my administration of tho offico. Whon {u the dis. charge of ofiiclal duties It becomes necossary for an omploye to have a knife or gold pon, on proper application, approved Ly tho Commis- sionor, tho samo may bo furnished,” There i4 considorable feoling among tho elorks ln consequence of the dotermination of tho Commissioucr, and many of the clerks argun that ko s sliogother too conscionticus ou thls l)olm.. At a mceting of tho hends of Buroaus, iy morning, eallod by the Becrotary of tho In- torior, Goun, Loggolt roquested that he bu allowed to roquiro tho atteudunco of his clorks a usual during tho holidays, excopton Christ- mas and Now Year's, Ho arguos that tho busl- noys of hiw ofiice would suiter materially by any torruption, and that, os for runsing on balf time, it 18 a more farco, asuo work Iy aceom- plished, ! The Come inls Down THE GRAIN-TRADE, " How Grain Is Diverted from Chi- cago to Milwaulkee. Evils of Our Present System of Welghing and Inspeetion, To the Kditor of The Chicaao Tribune: Bin: Ihavo read with much intorost tho nu- merous articlos in your columns on thoe inspoc- tion and weighing of gralu into and out of our Clicago olevators, While all of them have been written iu the right direction, I think you might havo hit tho nall o Mitle more squarely on the head in many cases, Noarly all of those articles havo intimated that wo have an incompotont systom of inspection, and Lave oxprogsed a por~ tion. of tho gront dissatisfuction that is folt nt the way in which the grain . interest is manipu- Inted” and controlled by the Elovator Ring of this eity, . 5 : Thore ‘can be nodoubt that our systeme of woighing and inspacting . : ARE RADICALLY WRONG. d It is oyident to overy man who i o competont judge of grain and Lnows, anything sbout the business. It sccms, too, to bo confessed that tho oporation of the system will not bear closo watching, if wo may judgo by the rocont State prosecution of & man who wus, employed by tha owner of a parcol of grain to look aftor bis in- torasts, It was undoubtedly proper, in a political senso, that our Chief Inspector of Gramn should state in bis rocent annual roport that the prosont sys- tem of inspection isa gront succoss, and growing in populsrity througlout the' country. Of courso, it is expected of overy political appointoe that he slinll magnify his oftice, as well a3 himself, so as to glorify the appointing power by implication. This is gonorally necea- sary to a reappolntmont, in which tho busincss is.apt to pan out worso than at.first, .. . T boldly venturo the nseortioh, and can sub- stantiato it by the unenimous testimony of man who ought to know, that the grain trade of our city hns suffered a loss of NOT LESE THAN 50,000 BUSHELS DALY and this altogother ns i consoquouce of our sys- tom of ingpection, combinod with ihe octevator- management, to say nothing about tlo deterio- ratiou in yuniity of tho grain ns it passes through ulm ;slov)ntor without mixing of. gradea (80 says the law), ) : Milwaukee whess is claimed to bo bottor than Chicago whoat of tho same grade; and why ? Tho Inspector, warohousomen, and their friends, may say it is becauso Milwaukeo gets botter whent than we do, But, if it bo nsked why it is botter, tho ouly honest answer is, that tho il waulkeo inspection and elovation make it so, It ia claimed Ly somo that tho wheat grown in the section tributary to Milwaukeo is naturally bet- ter than that tributary to Chicago. I BMPUATIOALLY DENY TUIS, 80 far a8 Northern lown, Wisconsin, and Miune- sota aro concorned. To prove my position, T will uame tho foltowing lines of raliroad : ‘I'he Chicsgo & Northwostern, in Northern Illi- nols and Wisconsin; the West Wisconsin ; Northern Wiscousin ; 8t. I'sul & Pacific; St Paul Branch of Noithern Pacific; 8t. Paul & Sioux City t. Paul and Btillwater ; Lake Su- perior & ississippi ; Winona & 8t. Peter ; Minucsota Southern; Chicago, Dubuque & 'Miungsota ; 1llinois Contral and branches, in Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin, and in Northern Iows; and Cedar Valley Branch ; Dakota Southern ; Davenport, 8t. Paul & Min~ nesota, and branches ; Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Miunesota, aud branclies; Contral of lown; Jows & Pacitio ; Sabula & Ackley ; aud, durin, :nvigndau, the Alissiusippi River. north of Ful- on, 5 All theso avonuos of travel, lying in or between the Btates named, bave thoeir largesc interests iu Chicago, becauso’ nemtly nll of their outward freight is from this city, Tho maungars of these ronds would profer, thereforo, to bring their in-froights to this market, other things l‘.;:uug oqual. But, under present conditious, oy ARE VIRTUALLY FORCED toship to such markets ns will best pay tho owners of the grain, or lose a largo portion of tho freight which properly bolongs to them ; and some lines sctuslly 1un to Milwaukeo at a dis- advantagoe, for tho purruu of compoting with those which must go there; and thus a large extont of territory 18 controlled in the interest of Milwnukeo, All theso Zuos, from which wo should expect at lenst o reasoncblo l.ll)mpm‘l.iuu of trade, each of which runs through the best whent-growing scetious of the Northiwest, have shippod almogt wholly to Milwaukeo during tho past year, On the other hand, that city has only the Milwaukes & Bt. Paul RBailrond aud branches, and-tho Western Union, whioh ave justly tributary to Lor. From thoso lines we got no wheat. Ail- wankeo has justly taken from Chicago that which would come hera by virtue of our supori- or position and morcantile force, if the grain were ¢ PROPERLY HANDLED NERE, in tho interest of the peoplo who own it. A vory large amount of gram in thaf scotion socks athor markets for tho snne reason ; aud it is safo to say that mne out'of every ton of the shippo:s in all tho territory named ‘will say that they have been forced iuto thia by the inspection and weighing in Chicago. This is tho bappy result that our Chicf Tu- spector L reforence to in his ablo roport to the Commissioners; and, if they will take n very littlo troublo to go among tho shippers, who aro most liliely to know thess facts, I will guar- anteo that they will not only find nino out of ten, but nincty-nine out of a hundred, that witl sgree with me. Auything that will serve the shippors will “serve the producer, a8 each is_aliko intorested]; and the jcommigsion men of Chicago, &8 well as nearly all business men and cltizons, aro_alike mterostod in drawing business hore; to do whuch, justice would bo found the strongostlever. Iam in- clined to think A LITTLE 3ORE LEGISLATING NECESSARY ; and efther all laws pertpning to inspection, ele- vators, and the grain busiuess, should be abol- ished ; or ele we should have reasonable laws nud enforco thom; makiug it a prerequisito that 1 Chiof Inspoctor shnll possess propor qualifica- tions for Lhe oflice, and porform his duty in out- Inspection as well as in in-inspection, And this ia whoro one of tho greatest difficul- tos arlsos ; ovon mora than the Shortage avising {from the E;ncoan of kunocking down (o uses common phraso). ; ‘I'he inspection into the elovator Is commonly strict nuout:h ; but it is irregular at times, and on aifferent roads, which is evidently the result of lack of attention, or the want of ability, or of some othor, to_us unknown, roason, Hence ehippors aro_oblized to submlt to unjuat lossos. Tt is no uncommon thing for a shipper to got two giados shipped at the same time, . cach of tho sume kind nod quality of grain, and drawn from the same bin, I have also known of mitlers buy- ing whent out of the olovator togo into the country, and which, by some mistake of tha rall- road oilicors,went back iuto tho olovator as UEINGPECTED AT A GRADE BELOW that at which it was inspectod out,—besides be- ing sevoral bushols short. I have ssen as goad, aud evon better, whoat go into elevator for No, 2 thau somo that 1 havo seon come out for No. 1. Tho magic of Aladdin’s lamp is not cqual to the mystorios of a Chicago clevator, ‘Why iu that 8o many samples of good whoat ore otfered daily on the Board in sacks and sold at 8 premium ? ‘Why is it that shipmonta to Chicago WILL NOT HOLD 0UT IN WRIGHT a4 woll as whon shipped to Lastorn markets, unearly 1,000 milos farther? A fuir test in my own experionce proves that it doos not, 1 have bought wheat largely of dealors iu the country, and bavo vory soldom found nni material dis- cm‘pnncy in ‘woights, I lave bought out of Chicago elovators, and almost {nvariably find o shortage of 7 to 10 bushols to tho oar, And I spenk the experionce of a largo aumbor of mitl- ers in saylng this, T huve only attompted to give you an outline of u tow of the causcs for tho divorsion of the graiu-trade from Chicago; and have not Inti- matad any that Aro MOre SLIANZE OF UNrORBOLA. blo thau somo of the recont developments mada iu rogoard to tho wnrkmx{: of the grain-elevator business 1s Ohicago, 1 beliove TIE UALF I8 NOT TOLD YET, and porhaps uevor will be. "o a groat extent, blume ghonld rost on the mombors of the Board of ''rade and tho commission men for allowing this evil to oxist so long, with a_full knowledgo of 1ts existonco, Dut thero has boon a powerful combluntion, dotermined to crush any opposi- tion ; and suy outsidor had oithor got to como into tho ring or throw ‘fl' tho spouge. ‘Chiy, too, has boon demoustrated, Tt wonld Lo folly for n limited number of commission or othor businoss mon to gkt this riug, aud it Las boon allowed to go on FROB DAD TO WONSE, with an eceasioual chiock in it downward course, nionoy. until about 'all the busincsn that oan bo driven awny lina loft us, and what grain-businesa wohavo loft Is only the neccasty of ciroumstanco or locality, JIa not o disgraco to, our falr famo as an ontarprisiog city that ono of our loading staplos nlmul’l bo handled in suoh o way 18 to drive our trade niway, in addition to infliot- ing novore loss upon those who porsist in trad- ing in this city ? Onr lost laurela can only bo restored by & ro- turn to . E AX HONEST INSPECTION OUT OF the olevator ns well ns into it, and the woighing of grain in & just way, that will glve to the owner of it crodit for all; and not accumulate n hoavy surplus for tho warchouseman to sell on his own account, in addition to his chargos for atorage, Tho elovator-intorost of Chicago is s grand ontorprise, and shoukl bs protested aud com- ponsated in a logitimate way. And, if tho pres- ont ostablished charges aro insufliciont, incionse thom so a8 to warrant fair denling botwoou men, L am not disposed to bo consorious, But, when I have scon 80 wany of tho above- amiod facts, with tho davelopmonts of tho past year anda hialf, I feol at liberty to spoak, and feol that it is propor that ovory citizen should know fully how theso things aro conducted. I Lelieve in for- bonranco to a reasonablo extont, but think it ceanod long ago to bo a virtue in this case. + CoMAIBSION. —~~——— LABOR AND RELIEF, Viows of n Farmer. To the Bditor of 1T'he Chicago Tribune: Bin : Binco ently in tho fall your papor bas toomod with articlos dovising ways to keup Inbor- ing mon and their familios from starvation. Now, Ihavo no doubt that tho humgna porsons who Liave advocated the benevolont eido of this question are honest, and roally think thoy aro doing setvice in tho dhueo of God and humnnity. Bat, from my standpoint, I differ from them in toto, and havo but littlo paticnce with it. Ihavo lived in the Wess somo filteon yoars, and during 10 yonr had tho relative prico of Iabor and pro-. duce boon'so decidedly fn favor of tho Inborer a8 during'the yoar 1873, just closed. = In this rogion thoro has heon no reduction {u the prico of labor, whilo all tho nocessaries of lifo aro sold below the cost of production. To my kunowledge, this fg tho cago all over tho Wast; and my frionds East say they aro oblged to pay oxtrava- gant pricos for short days’ work. ° Biaco tho monoy-panie, lnborers in manufaz- taring districts, i somo justances, havo boon thrown out of omployment; ‘but, a8 & goneral thing, through the country and outy, thocry of distress is n?mmhu oand o dolusion, Ask any ono of those mon who are appealing to the pub- lie sympathy for rolief ‘to do n job of work™ for ~yom, and ko will answor you with domands al war-ratos; and, if you do Dot accode to them, your work may go undono, and ho will, nine oasos out of ton. plungo intd somo saloon and lalk despondiugly of hard times, I toll you, Mr. Editor, if tho laborer's tamily ia not provided with the comforts of lifo, it i, a8 a goneral thing, bis own fault 5 it is be~ causp hio is lazv and shiftloss. I havo lived till I am gray, and I have nover kaowu a timo o day'’s worit was in greator demand, nor. when it would bring more comforts to family. Tho fact is, men will not work., Thoy will "do somo somi- pro!ussmnnl jobs, whore they expect doublo pey. ‘Po tako hold of houest work at honost pricos, thoy will scorn. Last spring a compauy feigned to make a rail- road through this county, and not a-laborer would listen for o moment to n farmer's impor- tunitios, Why? Decause ho was goiug to make big wagos for short daya! work. Tho result was, from bad weather and wot pits, one-third of his time was lost, and, a8 thero wus no hiatus in his appetiteo, and consequontly none in his bosrd-ac- count, the thing footed up badly. I know a man to go to the job ovory morning for flve weeks, at the beginning of sprivg, and mado but six dnys' work, Aud, what was still moro of a dis- appoiniment to their *great expootations,” the company failed to_connect, aud the men are idling nway thoir timo in our little towns, dis- cussing hard times, while the corn of tho farmer is standing in tho fleld unhusked. The farmors all over the land, for the want of faithful and rolisblo Lelp, are working from twelva to pixtecn hours a duy; and from the ox- tra lnbor, care, and consequout worry, aro be- coming promaturely old. 'Now, if thoso mon, who ara bolng fod _by charity in the citics,would take their fumlies and go into the agricultural districts, where they can bo men inatend of beggars, and do° honest work for honest™ prices, they will be a thousand timos botter off, and the farmors' burdens great- ly rolioved, J am ndt afraid to contract to find situations for 200 gy i mon, tho coming spring, in this connty alond{ whera house-rent, garden- spot, wood, and cow-pastura will coat biit a moro trla; hod, whon wivtor comes, they will not ba without food, talking panic, snd cursing man= kind in genoral, A Fanxen, Evuiony, Wis, The Funds of the 'Iclicl and Ald . Socloty. To the Editor of The Chicayo L'ribune : Sm: Ido mot know whothor it will avail anything or not, but I would like to make one or two practicnl suggestions in relation to the charity fund now in possession of thig Socioty. Iu the first]place, tho knowledgoe that so largo & sum—g600,000—is placed where it can bo reach- ed, isan incontive to thousands of persons to mako an offort to got & portion of it, 'This not only eucourages idlenoss and boggary, but is a powerful iuducemont to the commission of all sorts of petty frauds and impositions, againat which no society, howover woll organized, can protect itsolf. The means of prevention suggested aro, that tlus fund should be permaucutly investod on mortgage-soourities, running for at least ten years, at 10 per cont interees. © This would fix the principal boyond the rench of evorybody, and givo to the Aid Society an investmont which. would be ag lasting as the corporation aud the City of Chicago. Tho intorsct, 360,000 per an- num, with $20,000 or $30,000 collected yoarly from oharitable citizons, would produca onough to sotisty all ordinary demands of the Bocioty for tha care and protection of the really-desorv- ing poor. In the matterof affording aid to those in need in tho chenpost and most expedi- tious maunner, & soup-houso should be cstab- lished, whero, at o cost of $100 per day, o groat amount of food could be furnished; sud, if to this were added a bakery for 10,000 loaves of bread, it would spread areal charity awonga vast Fumber of people. I ropeat that the mvestment of this principal fuud should bo mado a4 speedily as rasmhle,— not ouly to secure » pormanent supply for tho future, but to removo the 1uducements to fraud which now clog the offorts of the Bocloty to carry out its raully charitable objecta, QronoE A, SUUFELDT, IR, Cash=Donations of tho Relick Svciety. T'o the Editor of The Chicauo T'ribune : 81 : Tho Roliof and Aid Socioty made a groat mistako in yiolding to the rocont domands of Commune demngoguos aud dend-bouts, Ilun- drods of dollars have been thrown away, aud worse than wasted, upon tho least-dosorving in the community. I hesitate not to ssy that a vory large proportion of thoso who have latoly besiezad the doors of the Reliof Bociety are profesnionnl boggars, whose brazon impudence drives away tho modost and deserving poor. Money bestowed npon such mendicants 18 a promium on boggary and crimo. Cash-donn- tions should vory seldom be mudo, and only in vory pressiug cases, ‘L'he Roliof Society encour- agos imposition by its liboral donations ‘of X, A Proposed ¥rish IRelief-Socloty. 0 the Editor uf The Chicayo Trioune ¢ Bt The Germans Lave formed a Reliof-So- cloty, thoy say to show other nationulitios that thoy are able and willing to take care of their owa poor, and do not dopond upon either Church or Btate to support thom. Now, as au Irish American, T fool sensilivo about this thing, and Ithink that itis » shamo that tho Irishmen of Chicago haven't done somothing about it boforo, The idon of our being bebind the Gormans in ‘any respeot,—much loss iu the cure of our poor, unfortunate countrymou! Woe cau't expeot tho Church (God bless Imrl? to do any more thau sho ia doihg, and thoe Rellet and Aid Bacloty can't givo us hoif onough. 8o we must look out for oursolves, and, the sooner wo mako up our minds to do it, the botter, Lot us at once call a publio mooting, form an Irish Roliof and Aid Bociety, ralgo monoy by the thousands to support it, au then wo_oan defy our onemics to sny that thore iu a singlo man, woman, or child of Irlsh descont in the City of Ohicago, sufforing from hungor or oold. Inisu-AMERIoaN, ——— e 'Whe Moennonites, From the Minneavolis (dtinn.) T'ribune, , The ton, Wilham Hoogor, who was appointed to look aftor tho Monuonites who came to in- speat this country in tho lutorosts of their sect in Nuseis, bna made his roport to Gov. Ause tin, Ho says {ho dologates wore very much lllunuod with Minnowotn, and Lhat twenty fami- ion of thom lhava located in tho viclnity of Mountain Loke, Thero aro about sixty thou- sand of this sect in Russia and Prussin, who deeire to omlgrate bocauso of tho roponl of the law which exompted thom from military sorvico. The Russian Government las given thom ton {nnm in which to dispose of thoir property and onve tho country, My, Boeger ia of opluton thnt most of them will como to tho {Jnhml Btates, and that, with pmpur offort on the pare of our Btato officors, Miunesota will got hor shara of them. 1Io rocommonds that the Logis- Inture bo requested tu mnke sufiiclont appros printions to keop up the Immigration Burosu, aud to take auch meana as may bo nocossary to hn;;l:ur Btato properly roprosentod to tlicse poopla. —— THE LAKE.FRONT. ‘The Proposcd Sale to the Rallronds. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribuna: Bins , If thore ever was a time whon a porfeot unity of opinion should provail upon a public quostion, it surcly should frevail now, in rogard to tho proposed sale of & portion of the lake- front to the Illinols Central and other Itailrond« Companices, who desire the land for depotepur< poses, 1t soems strango that objection should come from any quartor, and porticularly from any proporty-owner on Michigan avenue. Tho building of such & dopot as is proposed would more than doublo tho present valuo of overy foot of property on Michigan nvenus north of Harrigon strect. It would at onco establish tho character of tho stroot a8 that of a great ‘businosa-thoroughfars, Wabash avenue would nlso Lo grontly benefitod, as would be the entire ‘businoss-heart of the eity north of Madison #troet, % 1t soems, thoreforo, oxtromoly foolisl, on tho part of any privato ownor to oppose & monsurs which, if carriod out, cannot fail to add largoly to the valuo of hls property. And yot somo men aro 80 mystoriously constituted, and their rensoning powora aro #o strangely distorted, ns to concludo that whatover is benoficial to othors must consoquontly bo injurious to themsolves. Supposo that property-holdors on Michigan aAvenno legu]ly Lavo an * engemont” In the “ Lake Park " upon which their lots front, would not tho unquestionable enbaucement in tho value of their property bo an mmplo equiva- lont for the surronder of this faunciful right ? Whilo grasping at this .shadow of an ** agyo- ment,” they are in dangor of losing tho sub- stanco of real valuo, 'Lhoir lots aro gradually sinking 1n worth, and becoming moro and more unsalablo, 4 $ It la gratifylog to know that tho Michigan av- enue property-holders, with ono or two mexpli- eablo excoptione, are unanimously in favor of the proposad salo to the Railroad Companies, and “oro perfoctly willing to fordgo any im- aginary or real intorost thoy may huvo in tho “Lalke Park,” in consideration of 'tho immediate and immonse public and private benofits that would acciua, In rogard to the throo blocks roquired by the Railroad Compauies, very loose opinions havo been oxpressed. Ii tho proporty is worth so mnch mors than the Companies have offered, why do not othor responsible partics offer more ? Property is really worth what it will bringata fair salo, and not what people fancy it to bo worth, It js much easior to malko figures than to roalizo thom. In my judgment, the railroads have offored fully as much ascan now be obtained for the vroporty, undor’'any mode of . eale whatever. What ix the property valuable for? Buroly it is wortliless for rosideuco-purposes. As for business, with 80 many vacant stores on our chiof thoroughfares, what is thtero to induce anyono to take a scoro oast of Michigan ave- nuo, even if it wore offored him ront fres ? Ilo might as well ocoupy a stora out on tho prairie, Only for manufacturing purposes could tho land be required for yoars to como, unless sowo great entorprise or improvement should bo inaugu- rated, which would have tho effect of creating and drawing business towards the Lako, Why is Michigan nvenue mnow so life- less? Is it not cloarly for tho Ton- son that thero is at prosent noth- iug to attract Lusiness to that thoroughfare And s it is at present so it will remain, unless something 18 done to give it & now character. As there iy mno salo or domand ‘for Miohi- fim avenue property, ueithor would there o any salo or demand for tho Lake-front proporty in cago tho railronds should boe dnveu out and the land thon put upon tho markot. Such, at loast, is tho Loncst conviction of the writer of this communication. - Tho only parties, it” ssoms, who want the property, arethe Railrond Companios; and they wish it Tor o purpose that will be of iuestimable Denalit to tho whole city. ‘e measurcment of valuo with somo parties scoms to bo, not what tho proporty i ronlly worlh to othors, but how much will the Railroad Com- panios Doy ow muck mora con bo squeozed out of them 7 Such reasoning is pitiful, Tor my part, I think wo should be liberal to- ward tho raitroads. Tho railronds, more than any other agency, Lave contributed to build and rebuild Clieago; oud the policy that would unjustly shacklo them comes of ignorance and prejudico, and is unworthy of tho citizens of a " gront and enlightened community. Tha vast prospective inoreaso in the businoss of tho roads denands tho ercction of o depot Eropor;lounto to tho requirements of tho future. o far from throwing any obstacles in tho way of g0 great n nccossity aud so grand a design, wo shonld offer overy possiblo encourngemont, The railronds come with thair money in hand, at o timo when the City Treasury Is empty, an when the sum they offer will roliove the prosont urganoy, and save the property-owners from the infllction of incrensed taxation, : Boyond doubt, tho Railroad Companics will agreo to push forward ‘their improvemouts at olico,—n circumstanco which will givo employ- mout to an_army of workmen, sl il will impart to Michigan avenue a stimulus. and to tho businoss-lionrt s frosh v tality, which will soon satisfy tho most doubtful that a wiso thing lias boon dono, the rosult of which will boa magnificont bullding in front of the city, sur- rnsnlng in grandonur and boauty anything of tho kind the world has yot seon. Respectfully yours, J. Esatas WARREN, THE ETERNITY OF CAPITAL. Xts Influence on the Moral Foundue tion of Socioty. To the Editor of The Chicago T'ribune : Sm: In my last lotter I called attention fo the destructive nature of our prosent oternal capital on soclety in our daily pursnits. In this I will show the danger to the moral founda- tion of socloty. There is a power in man, and in every other creatod being, which has o cortain object ; and it drives a man from home, from wifo, and from childron,—from all that is dear to him,—in ordor to attain it. Tho cases aro not seldom in history whero this powor forced mon to givo their lives for it; and, in tho truo service, they folt happy onough to sing whilo their bodios were consumed in flames, What this power is no onoe kuows, and it is not likely thet men over will know it. Microscopes and telescopes aro worthless to look after it. But the abject of it wo all know ; overy nation hasa word for it, and tho more sound of it moves the heart, It is Freodom! Tibertal Folhoit! Tho lark ie singing whioh has1t; and the feathorod inhabitants of the forest aro praislag loud their boing ; but, tako their froedom” from them, and silonco and death aro the couscquonce, Lvery pago n history which I8 noteworthy is so only for the ntrugglo of thiis powor to got ita object. This power Lins knocked at our doors, Having scon the femiful foreo of it, wo willlook over the circume stancos in which {t finds us, Qur present enulul{ is & vory complicated ttung, but our roal values are only few. I will nawo our institutions, such as the government, our schools and churchos, and then our habits, uuuhlflmnrrlntzn and the rlfiht of inhoriting. With theso institutions and habits our presout #ocioty stands and fails. Tako thom away, and nnlmh‘xg isJoft but the broad-and-meat” eating snimal, Now, a8 the powor to which I have referrod is constantly increasing in large body of our so- dle,—n schomo wheroby the oternol dollar is dally manifosting Ite destruativo tondenry on sooloty, And finally the Chuzeh, in ita mlssion to kindle the light of trath and right and strongthon soclely by tho Horlphire and oxam- ples of tho past, hins loat its fnfluence, becauso tho daily lifo is contradictory. It should bo woll understood that our dally doulings nre founded on freadom or aquisy ; 2nd, a8 long s that is o, tho old moral of tho' Serip- tura lina a recreating offoct on the mind ; but, if tho oquity in our dally pursuits is dons away with to a degroo that is ovidens to everybody, tho “roorenting power of "the Scripture and Oltroh is gone. . & Men in tho pulpit! You may bulld your churches over so higl, aud fit lfium out aver sonlcos the sound uf tho poworful organ may sieliio tha hoarts aod glve an improssion of tho oternal hnrmon{, which oxlsts in the universo ; but your main object you will not attatn until, m our daily lfe, the' indlspenyablo equity Is catab- lisbed. JouN A. Scuarr. Omicaao, Ja THE RAILROAD LAW. nritics of Populnr Sontimentes ational and -n State Enactment, To the Edilor of 'Tha Chiicago Tribune: Bin: There is ono singular fonture among our Amorican people that I presumo ox- ista under no othior form of govérnment, and that is thoir great oxcitability touohing somo 8pociflo of offical dcts of thelr servants, and Brent apathy aa to the. offeots of othors, And, although the measure condemnad may bo of lit~ tlo moment, yot, under advorso critlelsm, tho public, in its demnnds, becomo uuroasonablo and oxacting, and thoso delegated to onnct tho Iaws of our couniry, whow, uuder cerfain con- ditions, the public elovate on their sliouldors in the full tido of approval and success are again eunk tndor n Iaw, T will leavo thom to fignre oy ite ity by detormining wlmr.K nm\')n‘; l}’::‘mgsfl;n‘l‘. pointees of tho Stato. is the ratio of the highly- virbious to tho possibly ** npproactiablo.” The other fact that ssid to me * Sea hero," was Tue Tningse's nccount of the U:Iunbm'g mooting for n now raflrond through that town from XKeithaburg, It sooms that tho poople of tliono towns concludod that thoy wero opprossod with o monopoly, and that o * competing |ing * would bring them salvation in cheap rates. They must: havo-forgotton thnt thoy Iive wador o Rale rond law that allows nona but cast-iron rates oand that, thereforo; tho place with one railrond {a na for{unato as the lowa with four linos. 8o, if thoy wank tho bonoflls of competition, thoy will firat hinve to conx the Stato tcavo<gors at gl;r(ngflnld-(o onrt off this law und bury il. Your odiont sorvant, o 3 Cut0Ago, Jan. oo ARADELg A AGRICULTURAL. ‘Wisconsin Agricultural State:Convone tion. % Spectal Correspondence of The Chicaga Tribune, 3 MADISON, Win,, Jan, 3, Tho Ion.. W. W. Tiold, Bcretary of tho State Agrioulturnl Bocoty, bas issuod o programme for o grand Agricultural Stato Convontion hero a month hieuco, at which hio oxpocts: to zes n very Iargo proportion of the many clubs, Granges, aud othor fudustrinl soctotics in tho State rep. ‘rosented. The followiag is the goneral dally programmo: arsns Dot s Jaine Gomtaite 5P At sud Horifcultural Boclotics, in tho AssomUly Ohome W. It. Tuylor, Progident. of i Stat Air‘l‘c’filmgi Sociely, and J, 8, Htickuoy, Prosld llt;l;’um;ll[uml Saclety e Tt of b Siate hureday—soasloiis fn the Agrienltural R 90 1 awd 3 ta 6, nt which mpugldwlll bo reud and fl;,'tiy:4 y cusslons had, At 7% p. m., Addreas in the Assembly Chamber, by 8, D, Garpenter, Esq., upon Production loud of oblivion, oven though in both instances actiug equally” conscientiously, Bo tunt, ng tho politics of our country now oxist, it is not tho importance or beneflt to Lo derived trom a measnre that {n all cases gives crodit to its prine cipal authors, Take ‘tho wnlary-grab mct, as it is tormod. Since ita pasenge, popular criticism has heaped upon its authors tha vilost opithets, and no de- nuxuciation for thoso voting for this moasuro ‘iny been deemed too sovero: and yot were thoy slono uilty? Wit sro tho reeults? Why, following In tho stops of thoir predeessors, thoy passed o law that .to carry . ouf, will increnso encral toxation a fraction of por cont por hoad; and straightway its sutbors aro condemned. Right here the question might be askod, rs a matter of sconomy, wonld it not Lo bottor that those to whom, in an official capacity, the welfaro and intorest of our Nation aro delegated, should ro- ceive n compousation commensurate with the importance of thelr position; and, wore this dono, would thore bo a need of as many invosti- goting committoos 2 b Tako another caso: Popular demand com- polled our last Logislature, without due investi- tigation, to pass an act called the Railroad law. Under ita provisions, it was supposed, theso tor- riblo and oppressive monopolics as they were termed, might bo controlled and rendered sub- serviont. to the power that crented thom. Through tho authority conforred by thie act, a Donrd of Commissioners was appointed, who, under a manifesto, undortook to enforce its nr- bitrary monsuros. What was the reault? Why, a complote paralyels of the outiro commercinl intorests of our State. And, although some modilications have been mado, yet the restric- tions created by this act aro such that the loss {0 the businoss futercsts of our Stato, every hour that it romaing in force, are greater than from the affoct of tio condomned salary-grab in a voar. Aro thoso by whoso votes this measure bocamo o law donounced or traduced ? 5 * Now, liere are two ncts in force. Ono tho public have set o acal of condemmnation upon; tho other it creates. The ono, of littlo practical account to the nation; the other, of tho most vital importanco to a Stato, The one, most swro. to bo ropealed; tho other, thoso torming then solvos Auti-Monopolists desire to have retained, slthough knowing, as they must, that tho strict application and enforcoment of the law to the commercial intorests of our Siato would uttetly cripplo and destroy its energies. It would bs supposodd that such grent intoreste ns this arbi- trary legialation places at staka would receive at tho hands of the public such atlention as the im- portanca of tho subjoct domnnds; but here ogain this singular foaturo exkibits itself, and 1 oan only account for this grent apathy by :he Tact that, for tho moment, tho cry of *D..n with mouoypolics,” boing constantly rung in tho ents of the masses from the pross aufi the stump, bas become popular. Aa soon as reason can asfiert its sway, aud right bo hoard, tho pop- ular tido will turn, and bo 18 en. sost and porsist« ent in its demnnd for tho repoal of this arbitrary measure asit is now clamorons for ite enforcement. To this end thoso suffering under its oppressions must labor and wait. Comiug back to our subject again: the Rail- rond law Bays that “Pro-rata rates” must prevail. Commerce raplics that it must have freo and uu- restricted compotition, aud that longitudinal lines cannot be known. Tho Railrond Companies eay that **The chargos for any distanca within tins Stato must not bo the eamo or groater than the charges for o grenter distance.” Manufacturers roply that onforcing those rostrictions means cortain bank- ru'lnuy. 'he partios under whose instigation this law was pasged now claim that their combinution muset not be confined to railroads aloue, but must embraco almost every entorprise requiring an association of capital to conduct it. Do they, by thoir acts, dosire to bonefit tho whole com- munity or a spocific clasa ? And if, by osscss- ing tho ;{n\mr, they can sologielnto 08 “to cripple aud render secondnry other interests, where is tho benefit o bo dorived ? I bofiovo, weto this nccomplished, tho Anti-Monopolists— those now clamoring Bgainst tho opprossious of enpital—would soon learn a los- 8on in political cconomy of which they are now ignorant, Railrouds in this Stato from & wildernoss have dovelopod a gardon ; from poverty to the masses hava thoy brouglt wealth ; and from tho succoss of these enterprises communitios havo doyeloped into cities ; nud tho whole structuro has becomo g0 intimately associatod and allied that no spacific intercat can bo permanently or even temporaril; derangad,’ without its effect being speadily folt by all. 0. 0. Memuiex. T'wo K'acts. To the Editor of The Clacago T'ribune ; Sin: Inreading your papor of tho dth inst, two facts met my attontiou which scomed to mo a wholo commentary of argument in condemnation of tho theory of the Illincis Railrond Iaw, Put in solution and simmored down, this law, that promised to run ita violont, arbitrary plow- stiate through all rustic poverty, and turn up the soil of afllucnce, bocomes nothing if not the poison, bitter nut of anti-competition,—the cut- off of tho right to underbid,—the right to tha markot-price on trausportation, Indeod, it cuts off not only the acknowledged right to recolvo tho market-prica in evory flold but transporta- tion, but it arbitrarily smputates from the life of communities all opportunity to reduco tho mar- ket-ratos by tho opposition of compotition,— tho most potent lavelor of pricos the world has avor scen, Ono of tho two facts I reforred to is tho racent roduction of 25 por cont in passongor-rates by tho Bultimors & Ohio Ruilroad. Hore is n sav- ing of from %10 to &12 {o every Westorn man who hos oceasion to malkto the round trip to the rri_nul'pnl Engtorn citios. If the theory of the linois law wore spiled by atatute over the wholo country, as some Congressional idiots now propose, this reduction to theso ohicap ratos would be an imposeibility ; that is, impossible unless it bo assumed by the blowers aud strikors for tho schiome that a lot of National Commis- stoners would put rateq perpotually low, Aud, beforo assuming this, the samoe set must agsume n very violent rovolution in uational experience, to-wit: that rallronds Lave lost their power or their disposition to buy up choap souls, Ang, although the death of Amos may, o first biuah, soem 0 cffor stouding room for this roforn among the natlgnal doclers in the nation's ** old Junk,” we must not forget that sowe of Amos' partniors etill live, But probably no one is propared to prove that activity In.our State market for *“old junk" since July satisfactorily accounts for tho innce ciety, but which knows not what to do, and how to luy hands on the work which must bo dono, it 1 not surmising that the entive body is falling in o troublod state,'aud is resticusly lookin; around, For many yours they have uotel agaiust thoir omployers, and doubled thelr wagos, withont success, Sironger than ever bofore, tho power is working n them, feolin) its supromacy contastod us much as boforo ; nnR what must follow tho strugglo? We know it. The right of ‘inboriting is coutested, Old ns this habit Is, thousands of yonrs it has stood the tent, and saorcd a8 it I8 to the hoart, neverthe- losy it 18 contested, Tho habit of marriago 1t Is thought best to da awny with ; ohildron uvo o burdon to a poor man, "Tho govornmental institution, built with blood aud tho deepost thought of mon, {8 » moro swine tivity in Btato suits against the railroads, Did it, howaver, over accur to the thousands of farmers in L\\m Btate who carneatly prayed for this law, and "have in their conventions urged its continuance, that whan, by tholr Legls- lature, they put it in the power of " tho majority of threo men to name the fares and the freights which evary road in the Btate shall be allowod to charge, or compolled to chargo, thoy not only make high rates legally possible, but inour an alarming risk that, after o briot scason of railroad fighting and surfaco virtuo, thoy will flad the ox-bow of extortion olosely koyed about thelr nooks, and tho ohoson ministora of tho lmw asgonting thoroto, nnd wedging in the bow-koy of high rates with tho statutory slodgo-bummor they hold? If they 800 that such possibility 1 within rosok ot tho and_Consumpilon, Trsusportation, Popuiation, snd o Gonlona 0 to1, o4 I ‘riday’—Goanions 9 101, 9.0 0, and T4 1010, in the A Agricultieal Raomn,wiioro ats Addresh ol ba deliored. b T, 0, Chamberialn, Profor of Natural isory, oit Gollego, and thio reading of papors and discuss sions will bo contiuued, - © 0 F ) Papors aro announced from the following por- sons on tho subjects namod, 8, D, Oarpenter—"Production and Gonsu Tratiaportation, Poplation, nad Tazatlons P! iy Dinj, Tufus Cheney—* The Importance of Manue facturing, with tho Peonliar Advantages.in Wisconsln for Such Dranch of Induatry.” Cliester INazen, Presidont of Wisconsin: Dafry~ mon's Assoclation—" Patron ° of Hughaudry—tho Uenell whtch Furmers Ought to Derlva from (la rder, Tho Ton, Tiram Smith—" Dalry-Farming as an Exclusivo Ocoupation, Trof, T, A, Lapham Relations of Goology to Agrle culturo, Col. W, I, Ghaso—" Tho Atmosphoro s Consorvator of Animal ana-Vegitablo Lift i . Plumb—* Horticulturs of thib Farm," Tio o, Lavi Aldon—* Education of Farmers’ fons and Dauglicra . J. M, Smil “ Genoral Intolligence fn Farming.! Tho Hon, B, U, Strong—* Swino,” Tho Hon, 0. Tt. Doan—* Thie Bost Means to Seenrs tha Togltimato Eads of-tho Wisconsin Stats. Agsloultural jociety, " 0, 5, Willey, cx-Socrotary of the Stato Horticultural Socioty—* Horticulture—What Is It 7—Moans. for Ils Eacotiragemont with {ho Avorage Favmer,” Clinton Babbitt—* The Duty of Wiscousin Farmers to the Stnte and Nation.” Bira, Holon M. Dritell Duntley— N, E, Alleu—* Gorn Raising,” 0 Ton, M. Anderson— . Ellott 1L, ontou—* Relation of Small Froeholds ) tho rroperty of tho State,” Prof, 8. If. Carpantor—* Induatrial Education,” Beeratary W, W. Flold—* Practical Thoughts,” Numorous' papors upon other' interoating branchos of industry aro expoctod ; in fact, aro promised, and prominent indnstrial workors and writors will attond. A special ‘programme, give ing tho particular papers to bo road and dise cusaed at each resston, will bo. ready. for. distri- bution on Wednesday, the 4th of February, so that porsons wiio eannot attend during thoe' en- tiro timo of the Convonlion may Lo prosent ta participate in such diseussions or listou to such Enpers o8 thoy dosiro. Tho railroad companica ave agroed-to eell tickots at reduced pricos. {OWA. & Tho Voto on,Governor. From the Des Motnes Reqister, Jan; 4, Bolow is the vote on Governor last. fall by counties, The figures have boen obtained .y the Stato officors through the County Auditors. As is generally known, tho official roturns.to the, Stata ara not canvassed till tho mooting of the Logislaturo : ' Counties, . VAII:.) Carpenter, 125 Plymouth. Toenliontus, Polk,... Pottawaton Toweshiek, 52,518 Curpentor’s maforlty. tusbi ikt ey Eurepenu Novercigins, fireo hundrod aud fifty years ago, Popo Ju~ Ilu'{ 1. undertaok to gottlo tho nrllmhhluu among tho royal housos of Europo and their ropresenta- tivos at forcign courts bf' romulyating a com- lote list of soniority, which all wore onjoined i o sccopt aud rospect. 1t iu a ourlous fact that of the l\vnntrslx titlos namoi, but throo now oxist In_thelr original form (tho Topo, the Em- poror of (‘luru\nu;i and tho King o E"filud)' Tho Margrave of Braudonburg was placed num. bor twouty in tue list,—hia dedcondant now sita upon tha throne of Germnny ; the Arohduko of Austrin, twonty-one in tho oll list, has hocomo or. an Emporor, and the Duko of Bavoy, twoniy- .88 two, roigny IKing of Italy. 'Tho Pope hoadod tiie list of soverelgus, but {8 of small acoount, politis cally, in thoso days. L ~ -