Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 7, 1874, Page 4

1HE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 7, ISV4 TERMS OF THE TRIEUNE TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE). Deily, by mail. T Voo, Parts ol a year & the zame rate. To prevent delay und mistakes, be sure and give Post Off ce address in full, igcluding State and County. Remittances may be made cithor by dratt, expross, Post OfEce cxder, or in recistered letters, at ourrisk. . TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Tefly, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Deils, celivered, Sunday included, X cents per waek. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and: Dearborn-sta.. Chicago, Tl 12.60 G.U0 TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. M'VICKER'S THEATRE—Madison_stroat, botween Dearborn sad Btato. Engagemeat of ‘Tommaso Salvinl. o Sthetion ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Halsted street, between Mad- son and Mons Engazcment of E. A. Sothern. ““David Garrick." Afternoon and evening. HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolob strect, botween Clark and LaSalle. Evgagement of Miss Aogusta Dar- gon. **Camille.” Afternoon and evening. GLOBE THEATRE—Desplain #0n_scd Washington. Huwrison. **The Boy evening. MYERS' OPERA-HOUSE Monroe stroet, between Miss Alico Eagagement Detectivo.” Afternoon ~ an street, between Mad- ¢ of o S erata: Asiingion, Cotton, snd. Kcmbl's B o S shion ™ afiasreley sud comacali- Ties. Y BUSINESS NOTICES. HEADQUARTERS FOR BOYS' CLOTHING. C. C. COLLINK, 764 sud 183 Clark-st. The Chicage Cribune. ‘Weodnesasy Morning, January 7, 1874. Coptain-General Jovallar's requisition for su- prems powers has been granted by the Spanish Government. The whole of Cubs is now vir- tually in astate of siege, and thoe Captain-Gener- al is Dictator, amenatio to no other law than his owa will The report of Ssnitsry Superintendent Miller shows that during last year there wero 9,540 desths in Chicago, of which 5,429 wera under 5 years of age. This loss was partly made good by the birth of 9,708 children. Aside from ifants’ Qisoases, tho greatest mortality was ransed by consumption and small-pox, the for- mer of which killed 637 and the latter 517 per- sons. The lste election in Texas is invalid, as the Supreme Court of that State has decided that the law under which it was Leld 18 unconstitu- tional. This iaw directed the polls to be kepl open but one day, in contrsdiction of the pro- visions of the Constitution, which requires them to be open for four dsys. Uuder this de- rision, the sitting State officers hold over ill the Legislature orders s now election in a constitu- tonzl manner. Bather than consure President Grant for his indispensable part in the back-pay steal, the Be- publicans in the Obio House of Representatives havo refused to express any disapproval of that act. The resolution censuring Congress for paseing the law was reported back yesterday. a8 ordered by the House, ameaded so as to include President Grant in the condemostion, and was passed by a strict Democratic vote,—ell the Be- publicans voting sgainst it. Thke United States Supreme Court has sus- tained Judgo Drummond's decision, in the case of the Lumberman’s Insurance Compsny, that » debt due a stockholder by a corporation cannot be offset by him against his unpaid sub- seription for stock. The Court holds aiso that stock eabscriptions, paid or unpaid, are & trust fund for the benefit of creditors of the corpora- 2407, and that this trust cannot bo evaded by the arrangement, sometimes resorted to, of paing back the subseription to the stockholder esnloan. Buch a payment is not valid sgainst creditors. i The Grand Jury met yesterdsy, with 2Mr. Henry Greenebaum as foreman. The first mat- ter considered was the case of ex-Treasurer Gaga. A number of titaesses were examined, among them ex-Comptroller Taylor axd ex-Ald. Sherwood The facts elicited were those with which the public is already famillar concerning tho amount and manner of the defalcation, and the practice of paying interest on deposits. The Graod Jury adjourned till to-day, to contipuc the examination of witnesses sud to obtain the opinion of Judge Rogers as to the applicability of the law under which City-Attorney Reed is moviog for an indictment. As far as could be ascertained, thbe sentiment of the jurors is in favor of indictment; but they do not seem to believe that a conviction is likely to follow. President Blackstone, of the Chicago & Alton Railroad, has devised s novel means of discour- eging the free-pass beggars who still besiege the Company's doors. Every applicant, and among them are pominent the hcnorable forms of legisiators, State officers, city and county offi- cials, and Penitentiary Commissioners, is handed a carefully-prepared circular, calling his atten- tion to the rapid and alerming growth of Com- munistic ideas in the West. The effect has been most grat¥ying, and the crowd of sppli- cants has dwindled down to ono or two daily, of those who cannot overcome the power of habit. Country editors have been informed, by the same Company, that their advertisements will no longer be paid for by free passes. The enlargement of tho Erie Canal ia one of the topics of Gev. Dix's message to the Logisla- ture of New York. He believes that when the lo2lis are donbled, as they will soon be, aad the dimensions of the canal correspondingly in- creased, its capacity will ba safficient for pres- ent needs, and that the wuse of steam a8 8 motive power will ensble it to com- pete suoccessfully witlh other transportation roates botween the East and the West. Great prominence i8 given in the message to the pro- tection of the public from the mismanazement snd dishonesty of savings banks, trustcom- panies, and other fiduciary institutions. Among other laws recommended for this object is one Prohibiting . any officer of a eavings bank from holding office in sny discount bauk in whichits fands are deposited. The Chicago produce margets were genorally - stronger yesterday, with s larger demand. Mess pork was moderately active, and 15@200 par bl higher, closing &t S14.60@I4T0 cash, and €15.10@15.15 seller February. Lard was qnite active, and 10c per 100 Ibs Ligher, at $8.60 (@8.7C cash, and §9.00 seller February. Meats Waie active and stronger, at 53c for shoulders, 73¢@734c for short ribs, T3¢c for short clear, and 93¢@103¢c for sweet pickled bams. Dressed hogs were in good demand and steady, .for " choico, Bt $6.40@6.50 per 100 Ibs. Highwines were active and & fbade firmer, at 9ic per gallon, Flour was strong and quiet. Wheat at $1.22% cash. and $1.243¢ seiler February. Corn was more active, snd J4@3{c higher, closing at 563{c cash, and £G3{c seller Fobruary. Oate wera active and Ic Ligicr, closing at $0%c. Ryo was quiet, cud Ic higher, 2t 78¢c. Basley wos dull and easier, at $1.41@142 for No. 2, and §1.15@1.20 for No.8. On Baturday even- ing last there was in store in this city 1,464,800 bu wheat, 1,289,688 bu corn, 893,339 Lu oats, 66,535 bu ryo, and 420,291 bu barley. Live hogs were active and stendy at £4.95@5.55 for inferior to extrn. Cattle were lower. Sheep ruled steady. The freight tatiffs established by the Board of Railrcad and Warehouse Commissioners of this State, 08 prima fecie 1casonablo rates, are caleulated for each mile of distance, and ou the principal roads, such 2s the Rock Isiand, Bur- lington, and Northwestera, the rate per 100 pounds for First Class commences at 12 cents for one mile, and incresses one-half cent for each additional mile up to 5 nules, four-tenths of e cent for each additional mile up to 20 miles, three-tenths of a cent for esch additional mile up to 30 miles, two-tenths of a cent for each ad- ditional mile up to 140 muiles, and about three- twentiethe of a cent additional for all greater distances. The rate for 250 miles is fixed at §65.10. Second class freights run from £10.67 for one mile to $54.25 for 280 miles ; third class from $9.33 to §43.40; fourth class from $8.00 t0 §32.55 ; cattlo and hoge, per car-load, $8.00 for one mile to £38.26 for 250 miles ; coal, per ton, from 30 cents for one mile to §3.00 for 250 miles. The schedules prblished fill about twelve pages of the State Journal, and will be productive, probably, of nothing but & bill of seversl thousand dollars against the State for advertising. Gov. Beveridge's annual message, s0at to the Logislaturo yesterday, deals mainly with the condition of the public institutions of the State, the Staté inspection of grain, and tho messures which have been taken for tho regulation of railroad corporations. The State institutions he reports to be satisfactorily managed, in- cluding the Penitentiary, which hsa Iately claimed an unusunl degree of public at- tention. The discipline, lLe says, is lees severe, and yet **firmer and improved, the result of which is apparenc in the largely-diminished number of punishments.” The improvement of the Illinois River is proceeding economically and snccessfully. The entire cost to the State of the lock and dam at Copperas Cresk will be ouly about 300,000, instead of £430,000, a8 anthorized by tho Legislature. The system of Stafe inspection of grain is approved, as giving better satisfoction to the pro- ducing classes than the old way. Tne Gov- ernor thinks additional legislation is needed for the public protectivn against the use of false and frandulent warehonse receipts. In rusing cheir rates beavily, July 1, 1873, the railroads are judged to have escaped the chargo of unjust dis- crimination, but to bave been guilty of extortion. If after the 15th of Jaunary, when the schedules are in fall force, they fail to comply withthe law, he recommends that it be euforced with enorgy andrigor. 'The sooner the problem of the con- trol of the railronds is solved, the better, he concludes, for all concernad. A remarkable spectacle was seen in the Honse of Representatives yesterday, when Elliott, the colored member from South Carolina, spoke in favor of the Supplementary Civil-Rights bill, Tho oceasion was remarkablo for the clogrencs aod ability of the speaker, but there vms s greater significance in the respectful atteation and the applause which the negro orator com- manded from the House. Ho paid his atten- tions to Alexander H. Stephens, and Mr. Huris, of Virginia, in a way which wilt be apt to impress those gentlemen with the neceesity of still an- other Supplementary Civil-Rights bill for theic protection against the scourging tongues of for- merslaves. Mr, Stepbens was reminded that it ill became him to abuse the amnesty, which allowed him to return to s place in the Government he had sought to overthrow, by again advocating principles which were hostile to the exist- ence of its Constitution. He could best vindicato the wisdom of the magnanimous policy which permitted him fo return by edvo- cating the doctrine that American citizonship carried with it every civil and political right that manhood could confer. Ar. Horris was less gently treated. Mr. Elliott told him, with cruel congiderateness, that a negro was too magnani- mous to smite him in his ‘weakness, and wos \noreover charitsble enough to grant him the mercy of his silence. Mr. Elliott con- tended that the power to pass the bill wunder discussion was couferred on Congress by the late smendments to tho Consti- tution, aud that the power ought to be exercised in favor of the negro as a reward for their mili- tary services, and for their loyalty to the Gov- ernment of the United States when those against whom they now seck to assert their rights were trying to overthrow it by a Government based on slevery. THE ERD OF THE SPANISH REPUBLIC. The recent coup detal in Madrid, by which Gen. Pavia dissolved tho Cortes by force, is in reality the death-blow to Spanish Republicanism. Although Pavia spparently acted upon his own anthority, and at the head of the militia, and is to take his trisl for treasonm, nevertheless the act has elevatod Marshal Berrano to the Chief Executive power, and the tottering Republic ia inthe bands of a violent and life-long Mon- archist, who has been identified with almost every intrigne which has taken place in Spain during the last twenty or thirty years. He as- sisted to overthrow Espartero in 1845, likewise his successor, Olozaga. He next sought to de- pose Narvaez, although the latter bad been his political benefactor and made him Captain-Gen- eral of Grenada. He was devoted to Queen Christine, but he, more than any other, helped to drive out Iesbells, and then was made Regent during tho time between ILisbella's flight and Amadeus’ scceptance of the crown. Although Conservative and Liberal by turns, a8 best suited his political ambition, he has always been a Monarchist, and his appearance at the present time upon tho surface of Spanish politics, wielding the chief power, bodes no good to the Republic. If it does not end in the resto- ration of the Bourbons to power, then it will only be because some other faction is more powerful, in which case revolution must come, and Serrano will agein drop out of sight, as he bason two or three provious occasions. Itis well known that he bas no sympathy with Don. Carles, 88 for tlreo yeata past he haa been at the bead of the army engsged in putting down Carlist insurrections in the north of Spain. He, aswell as Admiral Topete, the new Minister of the Marine, and other members of the Cabinet, are ampant champions of Don Alrhonso, son of was aotive, and @10 higher, but closed weak | ex-Queen Issballe. 'This fact aa well as other | siguificant sigas, very clenrly indicato that mon- ureliy in some form i tie destizy of Spain, cnd that the struggle between Repablicani:m jand its oppoucnts will choztly Do chunged to a strugglo terween tho zdherents of Dou Car- los and thoso of Don Alphonso, with the crual number of Intrapsigente and ofber insurgent squabbies, for sido-shows. Tha rejoicing in Cuba among tho Monarchists, tue delight of the elave-owners at thoovertiuow of Castelar, which guarantees the safety and continmanco of the system of slavery, and the significent regildiog of the crowns upon the sterus of the Spanish war-vessels, and roplacing of the Imperial arms upon the Governor’s Palace, also infallibly indi- cate the drift of the political current. Tho logic of facte and statistica is opposcd to the theory of Republicanism in Spain. Educa- tion, the foundalion of self-government, is want- ing. Tho official dats of statistics show that Spain coutsius sn sggregate population of 15,673,070 souls, of whom 11,837,891 can neither read nor write; 705,768 can read but canmot write; sud only little over 3,000,000 can read and write. There are 422 Justices of the Peace who can neither read nor write; and 711,119 Al- dermen and 12,479 members of Town Councils who are unable to sign their own names. Under sqch circumstances a8 these, mnot to mention the natural hot-headedness and bloodthirstiness of the Spaniard, a republic in Spuia is an impossibility, and any attempt at one will always result in the hybrid monetrosity of tho present theorotical one, until the Bpanish people have learned by education how to govern themselves. Until that time, nisolute force con be the only controlling power in Spain. There is, therefore, no special cause for regret that s Alonarchist liko Sorrano has come into power ; on the other hand, there aro compensations at- taching to the change. Able aad brilliant snd pure as Castelar is, it bas rekeved him from any longer attempting to perform an impossi- bility, Even with the guarantces and advaotages of monarchy, Amadeus confossod it was & hope- less task to govern Spain, and yet his labors were 88 nought compared with the task of Castelar. It is, therefors, o matter for con- gratulation that he is no ‘longer to waste his abilities and energies. His protest against the coup delaf, on retiring from his office. is worthy of him. ‘‘My conscience will not permit mo to associate with demagogues, sad conacience and honor refuse to accept & situation created by bayonets,” are the last ofticial words of Castelar, and they are what might be expect- ed of this eloguent patriot and exalted states- man. It is aleo & matter for sincere congratula- tion that Castelar’s clear head and strict sense of justice saved us from plunging into 8 war on ac- count of the Virginius seizure. If that seizure hed happened at the present time, Serrano would have made no concessions; on the other hand, war with the United States would probably have been one of the first of his official acts. Itis, of course, a matter for regret that any attempt to form » Ropublican Government should fail; bul in 8 case like this, where the attempt was hope- less from the beginning, the regrot is very ma- terially softened. IMPOSITIONS ON THE RELIEF SOCIETY. The unreasonableness of the unemployed at their recent meetings in this city is very clearly shown by the scenes which transpire daily in front of the doors of the Reliof Society. When the unemployed at the outset, misled by ambi-~ tious demngognes of the Hoffman stamp, were informed that the Relief Society had resources safficient to meet the wants of that portioo of the community, and that no one would be left to starve, they noisily refased to have anything to do with the Society, and demanded that the city shonld appropriate o sum sufficient to main- tain them, or that the Relief Society should turn over its balance on hand to the city suthoritics, to be disbursed by the Aldermen. When, how- ever, they found that their ciamor was unavail- ing; that they had made demands which it was not within the limits of possibility to comply with; and that the Relief Socioty was ready and willing to relieve distress and to provide employment to those who were willing to work, thoy commenced to flock by thousands to its doors, notwithstanding their prévious assertions. Among all these thou- sands, .we understand, but a very few have been found ready to go to work when work was of- fered them ; but all were ready to receive relief, aad nearly all wanted it in money, snd, in many instances, demanded it in = noisy and intem- porate manner. It may be sot down 28 truo in a majority of cases that s noiey and impudent mendicaut is an impostor. People who are really suffering and in need of sssistance are usually quiet, and make their condition known retuciantly. 'This rulo has held truein the large crowds which have besieged the Rellof Society. There have undoubtedly been many instances where the applicants have really beor in need of nssistance, but there have boen many others where the applicacts have been impostors. In our columas, yesterday, two notable cases were given. In one, 3 woman, representing herself to be in great destitution, received $10 in money, weut off and got drunk, and in this condition was run over and killed. In the other case, tho Baciety received a lettor stating that * five Iadies were very destitute, having had nothing to eat for eeverul days.” One of the Society's visitors called upon the “five ladies " and found them all stretched out on tho foor in & state of beastly intoxication. In such crowds there aro always plentyof able-bodied dead-beats and professional beggars, who will not work g0 long’ as they can find any one to support them, and others who obtain relief simply to provide themsolves with whisky, like the five sots mentioned above, Who had clubbed together -because thoy thought they could get more in the agsregate than if they applied individually. Beggary has been reduced to such a fine art that the detec- tion of the counterfeit is extremely dif- fienit. The only way to secure this result and disburse the Bociety’s funds is to make a personal examination of every caso which is not known to the disbursers. This is dne to those who are in real want, because it will sift out tho 1mpostors. They will at once seek soms other source to impose upon when they krow that their circumstances are to be officially investigated. Itis dueto the Society itself tu economizo its funds, else they will very soon be exususted, and much of the money wasted, Having made this investigation, tho cherity ehould then take the form of work and naceseary articles of fuel, food, and clothing, rathor thau of money direct. A msn who isable to work and will not work when work is offered bim, should not have relief of any sort. Where women apply, the necessary arti- cles of household consumption aro of more ser- vice to them than money, which they caonot ex- pend to as good purpose as the Society. The noti-e which has been issued by the Society to a3 peasible, is timely. The action of the Com mon Council ordering certain work to be done, such s widening the Soata R:anch and remov- ing the dcbris from the Court-House grounds, is but a drop in the buckct towsrds meoting the demands of the eituation. Let all possible work be provided, and then if & man won't work let bim go without help; and let every appli- cation be examined before it is granted. —me THE SENATE BANERUPICY BILL. Theo bill reported by the Judiciary Committeo of the Senate 18 a gubstitute for the House bill repeating the"National Bankruptey act abso- lutely, is sn indication that thought bhos becn bestowed upon the subject in the Senate. and it furnishes grouud for the hope that the headlong action of the House may bo reversod. There. is unquestionably o demand that the Bankruptcy act be amended, certainly by a ra- duction of the fees now paid to ofiicials, and probably aleo in the way of modifying the con- ditions of involuntary bankruptcy to meet tho commereial exigencics that follow a panic. The bill introduced icto the Senato provides for both these things, and is so far a re- sponse to the demands that lhave been made throughont the country by various Boards of Trade, Chambers of Commerco, and other associations of merchants. It saves the bankruptey system, aud thercby protects tho commercial classes of tho country from tho evils incident to the system of assignment aud proforence under the State laws. With the information now before us, the Sen- ate bill seems to coutain all the moaification of the law which dobtors can reasonsbly demand on account of the lato shaking up of business aad shrinkage of values. At the same timoit re- tains the vital principle of the law which has dono so much to tustain the confidence of cred- itors by = protection against preforences and frauds. The principal changeis the requirement that involuntary bankruptcy proceedings shall be commenced only upon the fetition of one- fowth the creditors in number and one-third in amount of claims. This requwement re- moves the only objection of auy merit which has beem wurged against tho msintenance of the present system; fo ! under this rale, no captious or unfair creditor cau take advantage of a debtor, whose defauls of payment is the result of temporary embar- rassment which he could not control, and whom time will enable to pay all debtsin full. Tae Court is suthorized to take twenty days in cases already pending, and five days in all cases com- menced after the passage of the act, to ascer- tain whether due notice bas been given to all the creditors, and whether the required number of persons and amount of claims have joined 1 the petition. Another essential departure from the old law is the provision that requires the discharge of an involantary bankrupt without regard to the proportion of his indebtedness which his estate may pey. In view of the protection afforded against collusion for the purpose of involuntary bank- rupicy by requiring the acquiescence of a mejority of the creditors, this provision ap- pears to be just. If a man is to be forced into bankruptey during the strain that follows a panic, 1t is bat fair that he should be discharged 2 froe man after all his possessions have been converted and turned over to his creditors with- out regard to the sum reslized thereon. The jurisdiction of the Bankrupt Court is wisely en- larged by the Bonate bill 8o as to enablo it to take possession of tho business of & debtor and carry it on for a lerm not exceeding nine monchs, when, in its judgment, the interests of the debtor and creditors may be served by this course. There are numorous cases in which the extension of a business may ensble it to realize amuch larger sum than if it wore sold out ata forced sale. Of the same nature is the provision which suthorizea the sale of real estate on the favorablo terms of ome- fourth eash, and the balance in six, twelve, and eightcen months, at Tper cent interest, properly sccured. As these sales, like all other trans- sctions, are under the supervision of the Court, they will undoubtedly bring more money than if all cagh weroe demanded, and the security wiil be ample. Aside from these changes, the bill pro- vides for a geucral reduction of fees to ove-half of what they are novw, until the Justices of the Sapreme Court shall make now rales for the Bankrupt Courts, to avoid unnecessary delay nnd expapses, as they have tho power to do under the present law. This bill kas evidently been prepared by some one more familiar with the business noeds of the country than any of the 240 members of the House who voted for an absoluto repeal; and there is now more hope than there was before the holiday recesa that the Bankruptey act will be only modified and not repealed. HOW PROTECTION PROTECTS. A year or more 8go, when tho tariff was be- fore Congress, the operatives in the silk mills of Paterson, N. J., permitted thomselves to be used as signers of & remonstrance in the name of Labor againet any interferonca with tho duties on silk. A committes of the operatives actually went to Washington to represent to Congress that the tariff duties secured fair wages. Since that time, poverty and destitution have brought them {0 a closer acquaintance with the effects of protective duties, and last weelk there was & mass-meeting of 500 of the silk operatives at Paterson. They made speeches, and finally, by an ananimous vote, adopted a resolution prayiog Congress to reduze the dutics on silk yarns from 85 to 20 per cent. To understand this case it is neceseary to explain that the dutyonall silk manufactures is 60 per cent, and on silk yarn or thread 85 per cent. The making of silk into this yamn is called *¢ throwing,” and those who do it are ‘throwsters;” silk in cloth is called ** man- ufactures,” and the weavers are called' ** manu- facturers.” The throwing and manufacturing have uafil recently been separate braaches, but, during the lsst three years, the larger establishments have been throwing their own eilk, which they import fres, and have thereby broken up the busginess of all those who were exclusively engaged zs throw- sters, ana who previously supplied all the man- ufacturers. The throwsters, therefore, have now no trade except with the smaller manufacturers who cannot afford to make thoir own yarn. The large manufacturers, therefore, by obtaining the raw material free of tax, and throwing it them- sgelves, are able to produce silk ‘goods 0 much cheaper than the smaller manufacturers that the latter are no longer able to compete, and the whole mannfactara of eilk is passing saa mo- nopoly into the hands of Cheney, of Hartford, Sterns, of New York, and the four or five eatab- ments in Paterson. Regarding the business of throwiug eilk a8 no longer one in the interest of the laborers, the operatives of Paterson al- lege that the duty on imported silk thread or are no longer able to puichase it, and that thereby o large number of weavers are thrown cut of employment. If this duty were reduced, these smaller estzblishments could purckase the imported yarn and contioue in business. If this duty fere repealed, the eilk weavers when ont of work could purchase the yarn and manufacture on their own account. Conspicuously displayed at tho mecting was the banner prepared for a former oceasion, on which was emblazoned in gitt lettors, * Protec- tion to Home Industry,” and all the speakers, in referring to it, explained that Protection, in order to protect, should sharo its benefits with the operatives. They therefore demanded of Congress protection from the monopoly of the protected classes, by an immediste reduction of the duty on imported silk yarns. The severity of the tax imposed op the pablic in the interest of the silk mannfacturera is understood by few. It inclndes sowing sil, velvots, ribbons, dress and picce goods, pongoes and vestings, shawls, hosiery, hats, caps, bonnets, laces, braids, fringes, galloons, made garments, underwear, umbrellag, parasols, sunchades, buttons, the endless variety of trimmings and ornaments which enter into other manufactures, such as carriages, harness, saddles, farniture, clothing, upholstering, and others. All these are taxed 60 per cent in gold, 1n the intercst of a fow establishments which get their raw silk free, and bave crushed cut the other branch of bome industry koown as *‘throwsters,” or spinoers of yarn. In sddition toall this, they aro further protected by & tax of 50 per cent on all goods of which silk is a componeat part. 8o that no person in the United States can buy any article made of silk without payinga bounty oqual to 75 per cent of its cost in currency, nor can he purchaso au article of cotton or worsted mixed with eilk without paying o like bounty of 60 per cent in currency on its value. It may not be uninteresting to examine what this business is, to protect which tae country is g0 extensively taxed. In 7870, tbe following wero the general results of the whole business in the Umted States: Value of the whole production Cost of materil 3 Paid for wages . 1,940,246 Capital fnvested. 631,130 Males employed. 1,734 ‘emales employe 3529 Children employe 1,39 Whole number of o 6,619 How much of the capital reported was ficti- tious, we cannot say ; but, allowing it tobess stated, and all in cash, the profits, after paying for matetinl and wages, waa £2,451,817, or with- in a fraction of 86 per cent. Tho whole amourt paid for wages yielded each operative $292 per yoar, or less than an average of $4 per weck each. Contrasting the earnings of the human being for whose benefit Protection is supposed to heve been provided with that of the capital, we find that every $820 of the capital invested in the silk manufacture earned $295 in the year, being $3 more thanwas esrmed by the men, women, and children who performed the labor; or, in other words, Protection haa reduced labor to o capitalized valne of 820 per head, or $262 per year, out of whichitisto feed and clothe itself. That is the way Protection protects. The operatives each represent the equivalent of 820 capital ; and now, since the panic, this has been reduced by the absolute discharge ‘of one- balf the operatives and the reduction of the wages of the other half. THE EXPOSITION EXTERSION. The proposed extension of tho time for the occupancy of the lake front by the Exposition Bulding is now pending before the Cdmmon Council, having been introduced on Monday evening, in the report of tho Committes on Wharves and Public Grounds. The report con- tains some excellent provieions, especially that which restricts the use of the building to “an annual exposition for iedustrial, mechanical and other srts; to mueical and other public entertainment ; and to public meetings, con- ventions, and other similar purposes.” This is all very proper, a8 far as it goes, but it does not go far enough. Any use of the Luilding for retail or wholesale business purposes should be strictly forbidden ; if not, such a business will sooner or lnter creep into the building, under the loose manner in which this provision Is framed. {§The proposition of tho Mayor, that tae Expo- sition Company shall pay a rontal for the use of the ground, is alsos good owe, but the rental should be in some degree proportioned to the annual receipts of the Company. The Company expects to make dividends upon its investment. Thereis o good resson why this Company should havo the use of city property free any more than apy other; if it does, then every other joint-stock company certainly has the right to expect that it can occupy city property frco of rental. The consideration that these snoual exhibitions are matters of public interest is offset by the fact that they are expected to contribute directly to the pockets of the stock- holders, and that although hotels, restaurants, public conveyances, and other forms of business may bo profited thereby, the City Govercment is not benefited a cent. With regard to the amendment suggestod by Ald. McGrath, making it imperative that the building, whenever in use for any of the above purposes, shall be kept open on Sundays, there will andoubtedly be a wido difference of opinion, slthongh such action would be in accordance with the loseons of the lute city election, and, a8 long as the majority rule, wo have no doubt the majority will have their own way shout this question. Whatever else may be done, however, tho pro- vision sotting forth the uses of the building should bo amended by inserting & stringent clause expressly shutting off any attempt to oatablish buying and selling in tho building, or any form of traffic which will interfore with the legitimate business of the city. — e It has been accidentally made public that in 1869 the President bad determined to appoint his brother-in-law, Lewis Dent, Minister to Spain. The fact comes out through certain ‘bueiness correspondence recently published. It appears from this correspondence that one Col. Steinberger, s Washington lobbyist, was inter- ested in several jobs before Congress, ome of which was the incorporation of the National Steamship Company, whose capital was to con- sist of bonds indorsed by the Government ; that he emploged the legal firm of Dent & Page to aid bim with members of Congress; that this firm drew on him for 85,000, which he paid ; and that, subsequently, the scheme failed. In April, 1869, Steinberger demanded a return of his money, which was refused. On May 9, Page wrote to Steinberger, informing him thet Judge Dent had been offered the mission to Spain, and tendering to Bteinberger his (Page's) influence with Dent in promoting his interests in Spain. Steinberger, however, had lost confdence in Dent and Page, and declined the aid of the employers, asking them to fumish work ss far | yarn is 20 hich that tho smallar mannfacturara | Judge in the schems of sslliug arms to Caba. | Three days later, Pago wrote another letter, stating that Judge Dent had declined the ap- pointment as Minister to Spain, thinking he could malte more money practicing his profes- sion ¢ Washington. NOTES AND OPINION. Opinion of tha Buffalo Commercial Adcertiser (loyal to Grant) on the pending elections in New Hampsbire, Rhode Island, and Conuecticut: The fact s, very litt'e political significance should be attached 10 tho result in theso States at any time; that §s, 8o far as an indorsement or condemnatiou of the dominant party in the nationis coucerned. But much less importance should be attached to it this year than usaal, All Joyal-te-Grant newspapers will please copy, ignoring the fact that two seats in the United States Scnate are involved in these electiona. * Very little political significance,” indeed. —Word comea now from the Capital of Iowa that “Republicans elected to the Legislature over regular Republican nominees will go into the Anti-Monopoly caucas ; they will nof go into tho Republican caucus.” The regular party managers at Des Moines have been slow to be couviniced of this. They. also, of the party in Cafornia, were equally alow, —A bint for Congress: Economy means the expenditure of as little money as possible.— Piltsburgh Commercial, —Retrenchment 18 first in order. Vast sums can certainly be saved by rigid economy. The facts show it, and no one can deny it. We fear hat the habit of handling large sums has begot- ten loosonees in expenditures. The Seciotary of the Navy made way with money during the Cuban excitement to an_extent that fosters the suspicion that it bad partly been spent in sd- vaneo, and that the war oxcitement was availed of as ruse to cover up some bad outlays. Let Congress look up the leaks and stop them.— Pulsburgh Gazetle. —Uue thing is certain, and the fact should be kept constantly in view by Ropublican Repre: seutatives and Senators, and tha: is, tbat oot ouly the political cowploxion of the next Cou- gress, but tho nex: Presidency, is very likely to be deternuncd by the financial policy of ‘the present scssion—whother it 18 one of extrava- gance and folly or retrenchment, and such measure of wisdom as will at least convince the paople of honest intentions.—Pitlsburgh Even- ing Telegraph. —Members arc at the Capital to execute. Puvlic opinion—s just, intelligent, reasonablo public opinion—should rule. Congress holds the sceptre, but the people are the power behind the throne. . . Wa stand 1n some respects ai the parting of two ways. ‘The one poiuis to demoralization, profligacy aad peril,—the other to honor, Emdw“’ and increased strength. . . . Very much depends on the temper_and action of Congress. The {mople ask nothing * unreason- ablo or impossible at its hands, ‘They sumply ask it to deal with the situation in an honest, manly, and straightforvard manner. The lack of this frank, direct, square trestment of the salary question before the recess was what dis- ratislied the conntry more than any other aspect of tho affair.—dlbany Evening Journal. —The future of the Repablican party is in the bands of the present Congrese. The people de- mand honesty end economy. The repeal of the Salary act is the first step in tbe line of honesty. “This must bo taken squarely and boldly, withoat 20 if, or o but, ora reservation of auy kind. This must be £.llowed up by cutting down expendi- tuzes to the lowest posaible level. If this ghall bo done, there will be no necessity for an in- creaso of taxes. Aoy increase of tue tax burden would be fatal to the existence of the dominant party. Besides, it would be an outrage upon tie Deople, whon thero are so many ways of catti down expenses without ipjurs to aoy publ terest. Then Congress should put tae knife into 2nd rip ap Ll abuses that come under the head of perquisites. Neither heads of Departments nor other officials_have any right to shine in socicty at the public expease. If they desiro to wend their wives around in expeosive carriages, driven by liveried sorvants, they should be made to pay for the gloiy, such as it is, out of their owu pockets. The custom of drawing upon the Treasury, in the name of contingent expensed, for horses and carriages, and putting servants upon the pay-roll of come Dopartment was estab- lished in Washington mauy years ago, but it is & bad custom, and, like all evils, it has grown un- til now it has become a public scandal, aad Con- gressis called upon to uproot it.—Cincinnati Gazelte. —There is something_pathetic in ex-Senator Herlan's appeal in his Chronicle to Congressmen 20: to investgate the use of carriazes and Lorses by our civil servants ac the expense of Government, lest * gentiemen of refined sensi~ ilities ” shall be ** driven from the public ser- vice.” We really tlunk that Mr. Harlan overes- timates the danger. There may be an investi- gation, there may be an exposure of the use of bublic horses, mitles and wagons, and **contin- feut funds” Tor puvate purposes; but that the sirivking sensibilities of Dopar:mant servants, who do slus use public property, will bo so dis- turbed as to cause them to resifu, we cannot be- neve. Perhaps it wonld be weli to Liave ths in- vestigation, in order to briug to light the latent * refined sonaibilities” in Washington, so that we can all do their possessors public honor. Let us bave a look at the “sensibilities.—Hartford Courant. —Conyressman Hale. of Maine, has, it is said, relinquist:ed the intention which be expressed previous to tho recess, of to-day (Jaa. 5) mov- Ing o suspension of the rules, and wntroducing & bul for the completa repeai of the salary-grab, +1le that puttath his hand to the plow and looketh back is not worthy.” Congress may aa well understand, onca for all, that the people do not sbate ono jct the wholesome indignation that has presailed through the lusc season, aod that thoy will not suffer their eyes to bo in any- wise blinded by the parliamentary dust which such miserable shufilers as Butler and otbers mn{ contrive to kick up.—Piltsburgh Commer- cial —Butler never was 8o powerfal in_the House askeis to-dav. His position as Chairman of thie Judiciary Comucittee lielps bim a good deal. Then bis old enemy, Fornsworth, of Linows, who could always give bim as good a8 he sent, und the only member, oxcept Liaine, who ever thuroughly subdaed him, is out of the House. Whenever ho tpeaks now the members gather around hiar as they do around the ghostly Ste- phens. Whether Le will maintain bimself I don't know. but Lie has got a strong bold on tbis ouse by bis sxillful mauagemen: thus far, and. Unleas somo new coemy Govelops bimself, will give Dawes a gocd deal of trouble in retmining the leadership.— Washinglon Leller to Boston Herald. —\Whatever Senators and Representatives in tho Forty-third Congress may think and say about the nowspapers which have oxposed und denounced tho Salary law ¢t last spring, we_as- sure them that, 1f they do not repeal this law, the clamor of the prews Guiing tho reet cam: paign will be 8s notbing wheu compared with the ratuding of the ballot-boxes sbout cheir ears noxt fall.— Glotersrille (N. £.) Inteliigencer. —The trouble with our representation is that it is foseilized,—that it hes no sympathy with common people,—and that 1t 18 only scting in the capscnay of agent and instrument for per~ sonal greed and private rapacity. The Granges should be looking out for representative can- didates of the labor interest. Let us have dona with anstocratic monopolists. We have suffered to0 long from them already. Whon the farmers speak through Congress, 1t will bo in a language the country has loug been unaccustomed to hear.—S(. Paul Pioneer. —Each month before the election, the peopls were treated to a laudation of the Republican party for its economy. becansa the public debt \was gradual'y, but stadily, decreasing. But the moment the elections were over, the utatements began to shos an increase, and this month it is £8,453.272. Inthree months it has been $20,- 515,426. . . . Republicans will say that it was all owing €6 tho Spanish war prospects, aud to the decrcuse of revenues. The people will say it is to be found in Credit Mobilier swindles, Salary Grabs, Government Stables for overpaid officials, and to raids upon che Treasury, which Congress not only dces not stop, but actually joms. To public thieves the people shout, Halt| About face. Gire us a rest!—Adrian (Mich.) Press. —The people who are straggling to get through the winter without sufferiag, and the peoples who are already reduced to actual desti- tution, and the people who ars trying to find meauns of relieving the destitnte, will all b re- joiced to know that **‘The Now Year's day re- ception held at the White House was the most brilliant for years.” We are highly pleased to know that the President and bis family and friends enjoy_all the good thines which €50,000 salary and £300,000 anuual perquisites can pro- care. It would be quite a disappointment to the peopie to know that after beiog ground to death by taxation the proceeds were not enjoyod by scmebody.—llinos Stale Register. s S ol FOND DU LAC ITEMS. Special Dirpatch to The Chicago Triduns. Foxp Du Lac, Jap. 8.—Insanity bas an un- pleasant foothold Fond da Lac County, The county haa 26 at the Northern Insape Asylum, and 10 in the Poor-House, besides about 20 not yet cared for by the anthorities, e preparations for the cation of & e and elegantly fitted hall on the 15th inat, The Grand oficers El‘f the Btats will participate in tho dedicatory 1t 18 the best Odd Faliows ball 1u tus Stale, D. A. GACE. - ‘His Case Presented to the Grand Jury. Testimony of Messrs, Taylor, Burlg Olcott, Coolbaugh, and Others, Ald, Sherwood Tells of Iis Suspicions, and How They Became Certainty, His Account of His Interview with Mr. Gage. Sentiments of ‘the Jurors...Law-Points Involved. The Consideration of the Subject to Bes Resumed this Mornixg, The nineteen Grand Jurors, whoso names wera given in Tuesday’s paper, reported at the Crim- inal Court at 10 o'clock yesterdsy morning, and the pavel was filled by adding Adolph Schoen. inger, J. D. Qumnlan, L. A. Budlong, and L. A, Boebe. . THE COURT'S ISSTRUCTIONS. The Court appointed Henry Greenebaum fors. man, and requested the jury to reti-e to their room, on the second flcor of the Court-House. An officer would be at their service, and State’s Attorney Reed wonld be present during their deliberations to advise them. They should be prompt In attendance, 85 there was much to do, and the closer theyattended to business the sooner they would be relieved. PRECAUTIONS. The jurymen then left the court-room, and went up-stairs, accompanied by State’s Attorrey Reed and his assistant, Mr. Birch. A bailiff was stationed 2t the door to prevent iutrnsion sad keep reporters out of earshot. He was subse quently reinforced - by three others, but their combined efforts to prevent taking & report of the testimony were fatile. MR. GAGE'S CASE BROUGHT TP. Stato's Attoruey Reed opened the meeting by saying that the firec thing for the jury to con- sider was the defalcation of David A. Gage. He then read Sec. 16, page 179. of Gross’ Statutes of 1871, and the city charter provision, which declares the use of money by & city ofi cial for private purposes to be embezzlement. He also alluded to the suatute of limitation clause of eighteen months, saying that that would not apply, 83 $50,000 wos alleged to have been by Mr. Gage within the last year and & hall. THE WITNESSES. Witnesses were then callad, and Georze Tay- lor was first sworn: Hoe testitied a3 to the duties of tho Comptroller, and that Mr. Gage swors that his accounts were correct. He knew noth- ing of & detalcation. The jurymen questioned Jum about the property he had received a8 Trus- tee of Gage's estate, but he related mothing further thau what bas already appeared in TER ‘TRIBUNE concerning it. 8. 5. HAYES. S. 8. Hayes was next examined. His testi- mony was unimportsat. City-Treasurer O'Hara had reported to him that there was a deficiency in Mr. Gage's cash account, and he found that to be the case. EDWARD ALCOTT, ex-Cashier of the-City Treasurer's office testi- ficd about an exchange of checks. The Downer & Bemis Brewiug Compony received £25,000, Albert Crosby 34,000, N.P. Wilder 32.500, and Charles Basby £1,000. Afr, Gage had nof pes- sopally drawn over 310,000 since ho (Alcott) went into the office—lsn. 1, 1873. He did not know what Mr. Gage did with the mony, &s he did not keep huis personal sccount. He aigned no checks for him, except those as Treasurer. The first of the ‘‘outside” checks was for 810,000, and was drawn in February, 1878; the next onme for $15000 was made to the order of Albert Crosby, Wwho re- ceived 24,000 additional, just’ before thd October election. Wilder got lus check 1 the Iatter part of October, and Busby his in the early part of the sama month—both during the panic. The latter two had not beon paid back, a8 far as Le knew. DANITL O'HARA, City Treasurer, testitied that he mado a parson- al demand on Mr. Gage for the deficit, and was told that he had not the money—that the panio bad left him for the time beiag in such a condi- tion that he conld not pay. The Witness was asked how far back the defalcation extorded. He replied that he had no meaos of knowing, except that Mr. Gage came to him beford clec- tion and told bim that he was short and asked him not to run for the office. EX-ALD. SHERWOOD was the next witness, and his testimony was the most imvortant that was elicited. He said the firat ho knew of ibe defalcation was in Novem- ber, when a meeting of the Board of Publio Works, the Mayor, Comptroller, and Financs Committee was catled for consultation a8 towhst should be done abont going cn with public im- provements. During the meeting he asked that Ar. Gage bo called before the Committce to mako o statement of the financial condition of the city. Mr. Bond, the Chairman, sent for Mr. Gage, but be could not be fonnd. He {Gage] subsequently cama before the Commitea and made statement as to what he bad in the banks, which seemed, on the face, to be satis- factors. The Finance Committee looked overthe statomont, and it appearcd to them to be coz- rect. Aftersards tho witness-thought he wonld follow the thing up, and ascertain exactly bow the accounts stood. Mr. Gage gave him tha subjoined statement of the amounts on daposit in tue banks named : Badger's Szcond National. | .vrn81,317,25L56 Ho went into the Treasurer’s office after re- ceiving tho above. and asked the bookkeeper {Alcoti] to give him 2 statement of the balsuces from the time of the fire to date, including Octo- ber, which he did, Tho statement ed was a8 follows Commercial... Union Stock-Yards.. Third National Unlon National. . Totalessoreoasrens HIS SUSPICIONS ABOUSED. He compared the lstter statement with th; balances on the Comptroller's books, and_fous that the two were alike. Ho then concluded o analyze the accounts, but was called out of to¥= and did not return until after election. As8003, a8 possiblo he asked Alcoct for the baok bodkd to see if the balances in them corresponded those of his statoment. He said that Mr. Gl‘} had taken them away, but afierwards confess. that he had brought down the balances a3 Tamp, aftor b took charge; thero wers only t¥ baoks, the Commercil and the Thifd National, which he was _checking from sod depositng- in. What singular to him was that the dopoeits in b0 Second National and Mechanics' Banks were creased after tao panic, There was an of 15,000 in one case, and $3,500 in another- He asied the bookkeeper whea Gngo took books away, and he said saveral days befors. This made him suspicious, and he determined ¢ push the investigation. THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. The Finsace Committes hod i the mésatin® had a meeting, and had signed s report 83 that they had examined Mr Gage's accounts it found them to be correct. Ho bad signed it, and did not want to. Ald ll:flflz niss, Ugden, and Bond had s pare He told them they not ahonld = Ldmc.qnmmaunu'mmtoamfl-‘h" T PR