Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 5, 1874, Page 4

4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. 1 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION (PATABLE IN ADVANCE). Daile, Uy mail. - Weakis. Parts or & year at the same rato. To prevent delay and mista tes, be sure and glvo Post Cfi ce addressin full, mcluding State and Connty. Remittances may be made either by draft, oxpress, Post Ofice cider, or 1n registered lettere, at our risk. TERMS TO CITT SUBSCRIBERS. Defly, delivercd, Sunday excepted. 5 ceate per weel. Y.all, aelivered, Sundes includod, 30 cents por wook- Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbora-tts., Chicago, Tl TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. IFVICKEER'S THEATRE—Madison_street, between | Degrborn apd State. Pngasement of Tommaso Salvinl. thwiry ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Halsted stroct, between Mad- fon nnd_Mlonroe. Engagemeat of E. A. Sothern. + David Garrick.™ HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randoloh strest. botwcon Clark and LaSallo. Eogagement of Miss Augus.3 Dar- gon. ** Camille." GLOBE THEATRE—Desplaincsstreot, between Mad- fron_and Wasbingion. Eoingemen: of Miss Alice Hurrison. ** Tho Boy Defoetive.” MYERS' OPERA-HOUSE Monroo street, betwaca Dearboru ang State. Arlington, Cutton, aud Kemble's Slimsirels. ** Simpla Simoa. ™ ‘ins;relsy and conueali- . DR. KAHN'S MUSEU3l OF ANATOMY—Clark street, botwoea Madizon aad Moaroe. The Chiragy Tribune, Monday Morning, Janaary 5, 1874. 1t is now stated that there is a probability that Attorney-General Williams’ nomination will be confirmed. There are only 115 defaulting railroads in this coantry, and the interest they have failed to pay amounts to £27,600,000. The first regulsr services of the Reformed Episcopalian Church were held in Steinway Hall, New York, rvesterday, with an immense sudience in attendance. Bishop Cummins preactied the sermon, an abstract of which will bo found elsewkera. In addition Lo 1ts other troubles, Cuba has got into a financial crisis. The trades-organizations are on a strise, and wharf-laborers are demacd- ing gold. Meanwhile the Debt Junta are dis- cussing all sorts of means {o relieve the situa- tion, but thus far without any satisfactory result. The Executive Committee of the Labor-Re- form party of Ternessee hes issued an invita- tion to the Labor-Reformers and Farmers of the West and South to take measures for calling 8 convention, to meet in St. Louis on the 22d of February next, in order to resist tho combina- tions of Eastern monopolistsand capitaliste. The joint Mexican and United States Commis- sion is again at work on the claims, 100 of which have been settled during tho past two months. The Commiesion being Givided in opinion on the clzims made by Mexico for damages growing out of Indian raids, these have been left for decision to tho umpite, Sir Edard Thornton. A dastardly attempt was made yesterday to il Judge S. T. Monis, of Brooklyn, N. Y., with 2o infernal machine which was sent Lo his house. The Judge opeued the box, but fortunately the matches did not strike in such a manner as to explode the torpedo contaived init. The fact that Judge Morris is an active prosecutor of the corrupt Brouklyn City Ring sufiiciently acconnts for tlus villainous attempt to sccure his death. The quiet village of Mishawaka, Tad., at last has o sepsation, baving fullen into the prevalant fashion of having s defaulter. The gentleman who bas been * trregular ' is William M. Merri- £ield, the Township Trustee, who somebow can't scosunt for 5,000 of school funds. Like most of the defaulters, he hod the confidence of all who Enew him sod was o estimable man, although this i not much of a consolation to his bonds~ men. The first business of importance to come be- fo: 8 Congrass will be the reduction of appropri- ations. To-day and to-morow will be devoted to debate in e House, upon the Sapplementary Civil Rights bill, duriog which Stephens and L.amar will epes against it. The probabilities, however, ars ttat it will pasa. TheITouse Com~ mittee, it is stated, Lave made material re- ductions in the Army, Navy, Iudion, and Fortifi- cation appropriations. 25 Mr. Shants, the sty editor of tho Now York Tiribune, is onco mors bafore the courts, having ‘been snmmoned to testify to the autborship of an alleged libelous article against Judge McCue, ©of Brookiyn. Of course he refused to givo the name of the writer. Considering the lack of success the New York courts have heretofore had in obtaining information of this sort from 3r. Shaoks, one would supposo they would tire of tho quest befora long. The English Cours, having proclaimed the Loch Earn blameless and eulogized Czpt. Rob- ertaon, the French Court, on the prinaiple, per- haps, that one good turn deserves another, pro- claims the Vills du Havre blawcless and eulo- gizes Capt. Surmont; cll of which is tanta- mount to an official aunouncement that no one is to blame. If the Vills du Havre had been in- vestigated by the English and the Loch Earn by the ¥ranch, we should probably have got nearer the truth. e e The Dominion Parliament has been dissolved, the writs being returnablo on the 21st of Febru- ary. The Reform party has adopted this course as the heroic remedy, and i8 no ouly confident that it will eecure a majority, but will also clean ont the corrupt elemenis which hsve been st work in the Pacific Railway intrigues. This bold movement has carsied consternation into the ranks of the Conservatives, the more 89 a3, since Bir John Macdonald's 1esignativn, sixtesn out of eighteen elections have been carried by the Reformers, thus presaging a great victory for the Ministry in February. ——— The Chicago produce matkets were generally 1irm on Saturday, with less doing, except in whest and four. Mess pork was quiet and un- changed, closing st $14.30@11.40 cash, and $14.75@14.80 seller February. Lard was quiet &nd 6 higher, closiog at $8.50@8.55 cash, and £5.75@8.80 seller February. Meats were quiet and stroug at 53@534c for shoulders, T E@THe for short ribs, 734c for short clear, and 9@10c for sweet pickled bame. Dressed bogs wero quie: and casier, closing at £6.25@6.30 per 100 s, Higbwines were less active and steady at 93¢ per gallon. Flour was in_better demend and stronger. Wheat was active aad 1i4c higher, ciosing st ©1.19% cash, and §1.22%¢ seller Fobruary. Corn was quist and }o higher, closing at b4 cash, and 65@5530 seller Febru- ary. Oats were quiet and a shado easier, at 33%@381gc. Rye was quiet and Xclower, at 76igc. No. 8 barley was in good demand and advanced 5, closing at §1.13. Live hogs were | | dull end easier, closing at $4.90@5.50. Cattla were fairly active and firm. Sheep were steady. 1t will be remembered that ot long azo John Ross, the Seretary of the Pittsburgh Water Commissioners, was arrested upon the charge of embegzlemont, the city having been defranded out of mearly s guarter of a million dollars, Since that time the Board has been abolished, the Water Committee of the Council assuming its duties. On Ssturday ovening, 88 the newly- elected Secretary was about to take po-session of his ofiice, the Chief Engineer of the late Commiesioners was canght in the act of carry- ing off books which criminate Toss, and also connect the former with the conspiracy. The Iate Secretary cow has the late Engineer for o jailcompanion, 2nd both will shortly be brought to trial for robbing the city. The dispatches from Madrid concerning the coup d'elat are both vague and mesgre, <0 that it is diflicul to arrive ai an intelligent view of the The decisive vote in the Cortes Castelar was 120 to 100, where- uwpon Gen. Pavin sent a letter de- monding its dissolution. Saimeron urged Castelar to continue in power, but he declined, wherenpon Pavia dissolved the Cortes by force and called upon tho leaders of all parties to form a new Government. This has been done by msking Marshal Serrano President of tho Republic, and investing bhim with the chief executive power; Scmor Sa- gasts, Minister of Foreign Affairs; Semor Zavals, Minister of War ; acd Senor Echegarrs, Minister of Finance. According to tho latest dispatches, the military were in poeseseion of all tho strategic points of the city and every- thiug was quiet. The prominent civil and mil tary uthoritics in tho various provinces have telegraphed to Gen, Pavia appioving Lis course. Nevertheless ho is to be court-martialed for trea- eituation. against son. ———— THE INTERNATIONAL IN AMERICA. The purpose of msking the United States the battle-gronad in the war that Commuuism is waging upon Societs, is takiog a strong hold upon the leaders of the International. Coufus- 1ng liberty with licenso, as they do, they natur- aliy concluds that the United Sates are in ad- vance of all other countries in the progress toward modern Agrarionism, and that tho final struggle will be tho briefer, essier, and more decisive here than anywhere else. In European countries they flud opposed to them the strong am of centralized Goveraments, more or less despotic, which sustain stending armies, and keep every social movement under police sur- veillance. In America, on the other hand, they have common rights with all other peoplo,—the rights of freo speech, of public meetings, of Eeccret organizalion, of evory mesns of educsting the peoplo to their ideas in an emotional &nd guasi-Communistic fashion. Their leaders and spokesmen are at Liberty to promulgate the most extravagant and pernicions ideas without fear of arrest or pun- ishment ; and, besides the facilities for prelimi- nary organization, they count upon the absence of any organized force to oppose them. There is no military police in our cities powerful enough to meet them &t the first sign of vio- loace. Thers is no standing army under the control of the General Government to overpower them. ‘Lhere are demagogues who will pander to tuem, and peaceful, conservative citizens who will fear them. This is the condition of things they count on, and this is why Americs will probably bo the favorite ficld for their worlk. ‘We must no longer close our eyes to the dan- gers the International threatons. It is mot enoagh to say that they are remote. 80 were tho dangers of secession and #o was the danger of cisil war. DBut secession and civil war came; csme with even loss of & warning than tho Iuternational is giving us mow; came soconer than Was ex- pected; came suddenly when v did come, and found us unprepared. The Interna- tional is already & formidable organization. What other political force asserts itself to-day in France, Germany, Russia, Spaiz, Italy, Great Dritain, and the United States, as thindoes? We know what it has done within the past few years in France and Spain. The bloody tragedies in which it was the moving force are still fresh in our memory. The International Las quite as strong & hold in Germany, where it has its boldest and ablest leaders. We have the testi- mony of Straass, the Gorman scholar, that *‘ the Huns and Vandals of modern civilization.” a3 he properly designates thom, infest that country in high places and low. They &re represented even in Parliamont. and must be numerous and powerful throughout Germaay to mske them- selves heard in spite of 8o strong and despotic a Government 23 that of Dismarck. In Russia, the International is strengthened by the co- operation of tha student clues, aud dospotism slone keops it under. In Bpain, it is al- lied with the savage barbarity of the mountain districts. In Encgland, it finds more freedom of expression, though less violent in demonstration. And now, in the United States, the movement is beard, like the rumblings of a sublerianean fire, wamning the 1 people of the danger of an irruption. The warn- ing must not go unheeded. One of tha Chicago leaders of the Interna- tional said, in one of his speeches, that their victory was to be won at the ballot-box. In this bo was wrong. The eame error which led nim to this conclusion has led the Inteinatioual of New York to look forward to the co-operation of the farmers. The same reason why the Interna- tional can never prevail at the ballot-box in this country will prevent a coalition with the Farm- ers’ Movement. The people who have scquired some property, be it more or less, and conse- quently have eomething to lose, are in the ma~ jority. The farmers of America have property to defend. The Internationals here count tpon s union with the farmers on the basis of the European system of farming, which is that of peasantry and is full of hardehips. A proposition to vest the title of alllandin the State, to be farmed ou! to thoso who work it for just enough to r87 taxes, might meet with favor among the cultivators of the soil in Europe, but be sconted by the farmers of America. The farmers of tlus convtry own their own lands. the value of which is represented by the improve- ments and the state of caltivation, and both at- tained by the patience, toil, and fragality of tho owners. Any movement that looks to & division of property, or tothe arbitrary alienation of title, will infallibly drive the farmers to the opposite gide. Tho agricultural folk of this country are by far the most numerous class in our popula- tion, They are egual in numbers to all other THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY. JANUARY 5, 1874. avocations in the land. In the issueof Com- munism 2rainst Society, the farmers would be reinforced by all the frugal men of the citiesand towne who bave saved anything. The Inter- unatiousls cannot, therefore, hope to succeed in America at the ballot-box. Organized force alone could give temporary supremacy to doctrines 50 unoatural and vicions as those which the International represents. 1f the strugglo must come, it should not find either Government or society nrprepared for it. Orgavization must be met by orgsnization, and force by force. White our system of gov- erament guaranices freedom of thought and speech to Communists 38 well =28 other pcople, snd thus permits them to spout their dangerous doctrines, aud to make converts among the workingmen if they can, there is all the more resson why we should be ready for the struggle when it comes. Aswo caunot dam up the swolling streams, we must bs ready for the flood. Whenever and wherever Communism shows its teoth, it must be driven of. It may bark with impunity, Whatever it can accomplish at ths ballot-box we must submit to. We cannot s&top that. But when it begins to bite, it must bo promptly exterminsted. Aen +who bave sccnmulated property mnuat bo pre- pared to defend it as well against domostic as foreign invaders. They must fight for it, it necessary, with o better orgauization and in 8 more dotermined spirit than those who would fight to wrench it from them. Wo bave already Lad the first warning. Ifit bo allowed to pass unbeeded, the second will be lost upon us, and some day we shall be surprised at what we msy slready foresco. Comamunism is hydra-hosded, and its venom has been and is now being dls- closed in places whero it was not suspected. So- ciety has numbers on its side, but numbers with- ont organization aro chaotic and imeficieat. Commuuism is constantly gaintog organization, and has all the desperation of those who have nothing to lose and everything to gain. It is timo that every State in the Union should go earnestly to work to prepare for the onset of the followers of Karl Marx, for they mean business, —not in Paris and Berlin merely, but in New York aud Chicago. REDUCING EXPENSES. When a man's income falls short of his accns- tomed expenditure, ono of the most natural modes of estricstion is to reduce the expendi- tare. In no other way can an increaso of in- debtedness be so readily and effectively averted. The public debt of the United States is increas- ing at tho rate of eight to nine millions of dol- Jars & mouth, and the two opposing propositions of remedy sre: 1. To reduce oxponditures. 2. To incrense taxation, Tho oxpenditures of our Government, excluding the interest on the pub- lic debt and pensions, are greater for the same objects than are thoso of any Governmentin Europe. It costs nsmore to builda ship, and in five years it costs for the repair of that ship moro money than 1t originally cost. It costs us for an army of 30,000 men within ten millions of dollars & year what it costs Great Britain to maintain an estabiishment of 128,000 men. We have, as a geweral thing, threo men in the Civil Service to perform the duties which under other Governments is performed by one man. Ap- pointments in the Federal service are not regu- latod, as to their number or emoluments, by the neods of the Government ; they are provided 8o 8sto give each member of Congress a certain number of offices to fill in his district, 80 that by tho distmbution of this pstronage he may strengthen his power in the local caucuses of bis party. When Afr. Dawos met the damaad of the Secretary of the Treasury for increased taxation by a proposiiion to investigats the expondituras and drop alt that were not necessary, there was a genoral feeling of horror in official circles ut Washingzon. Reduce oxpeuditures, by dis- missing the army of civil emploges mnot needed, who are, in fact, ponsioners upon tho Governmeni, was not considered a good way to preserve the integrity of o party that had suc- cassfully put down the Rebellion. But the prop- osition has set the peoplo thinking, and expos- ures of abuses and outrages upon the Treasury ere becoming of daily occurrence. The New York Times publishes & list of the custom- liouses along the Atlantic coast from Maine to Florida, showing the amount of revenus col- lecicd at each, and the cost of maintenance. They wumber 79. In 63 of these the salaries end fees of the Government ofiicers range from 25 to 600 per cent of the whole revenue col- lected. That the public may eee, the extent to which the robbers is carried, we give the most of these, arranging them by States : 59, 8, 10,810.5) 550,07 1, .. SI05005.58 ST TSLAL s, $10,812.47 £,505.67 TG 0,200 17,081.88 Sag Harbor...vvee o701 Porth Amboy.. £1,915.43 Burlig.ou. 5300 Newar 413831 Bridge: 849,59 Littie Egg Petersburg, V. % Alexandris, Va, .. 5, one, Va...... 47 Yorkiown, Vi 3,01 Alvemarld, B Pamtico, N, 7,9 Bocufort, N. G, 2u9n 72 Georgetown, . 2,83..50 8.¢C. 5,901.00 $,117.15 3,505.00 2,250,78 20,050,L0 16,520,354 ,540.00 213,15 St. John's, 41,65 Apalzchdcola, Fi ,012.15 8t Augustine, ¥! T4L03 These are the compensations paid direct to the officers, and do not include cost of buildings, rent, farniture, gas, books, stationery, fuel, etc., dated into one in esch State, aad this vast ont~ lay of monoy eaved, and tho Civil Service ro- lioved of the disgraceful abuse. THE COUNTRY-PRESS AND THE SALARY GRAB. Congross reassombles to-dey, but will mot probably have s quornm bofore the middle of the week. Wo shall then learn whether the re- cess, and the personal contact of the membors with their constituents, has admitted any light to the darkened understsndings of the two Houses in respoct of the ealary-grab and the public expenditures. Before the adjournment, both Ropresentativesand Senatorsneeded to have their heads bored for the simples. Thoyseemed to fancy that because the party carried certain giavo misdemeanons throngh the last Presiden- tial lection, and secured & very large majority, thoy could face a frowning world with the same security for all time to como. Ilence they spent six weeks, for the most part, in the display of buffoonery over the salary-grab, and finally at- tempted to compromige with the public on the basis of $6,000 per annum and travelivg ex- penses for thomselves, leaving the other salaries, including that of the President, as they were in the grab bill. The most important indication of a eetled purpose in the public mind to have the Salary bill repealed in its whole length and breadth, without any exceptions, and the pay of Congress- men put back to its old status, is shown in the tone of tho country press, the weekly news- papérs of the raral districts. Accustomed to see these small organs enthusiustically ratify overy- thing done at Washington, or at lesst everything done with any approach to unanimity, we have beon surprigod to witness the rattling fire thoy Diuve kept up on the subject of the salary-grab. Here Is an average shot from oo of the faith~ ful: From the Valvaraiso (Tnd.) Vidette. When Congress again assembles its members will do well to consider the unpleasant fict that the <ountry has lost confidence in the honesty and integrity of it ‘members, and under the pinching pressure of the hard times want o esclear evidenco of unselfist: devotion on the part of their representatives to the pubiic wel- fare, Cutdown expenses with on unsparing band, Lop off every useless expense, repeal the Saary bill, including theincrease of the President’s walary, **al- though sach repeal as to him canuot be enforced by Taw, " for the people want to know whether Gen. Grant himself ecill take the money after the law i regealed, Congress s on trial before the country, sud the issue to be decided i3, are they honest or will they steal. There 15 1o use of temporizing, the issue is mado up, 2nd the verdict will be sccordiag to the action of the members of Congress this winter, There 1300 use in disguising the fact that the action of Congress prior to the holidsys was full of the 1nost dis- gusting hypocritical pretease of reform that did mot result tn any reform st 2ll, and, if continued m the same manner, there will e but ono voice among tho people, and that voice will demsnd an immediate and unconditional reconstruction of every branch of the Government. Let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall! When the newspapsrs of the rural districts, the holders of little post-oces and of county printing, who caunot offead ths party magnates for any light and traasient causes, de- clare, 2 most of them do, that tho people want to put Gen. Grant himself to tne test, and see whether he will sign or veto a bill repealing the grab-law, and whether ho will attompt to draw 50,000 per year after the bill is repoaled, 1t is sale to assume that the people are making the fire which prodaces the smoke. We shall soon seo whether Congress has the nerve to repeal the bill outright, or whether tLat job is to bs turned over to the voters in the mext fall elec- tions. THE SPRING ELICTIONS. There will be an elcction in New Hampshira in March, at which State officers are to be cho- sen; and onein Connecticut in April, at which Stato ofiicers and a Legislatare aze to ke elected —the Legislature in tho latter State having to choose & Sepator in place of Ar. Buckingham. The two States have been for many years very closely divided, though voting for the Republican candidates for President at every election since 1852. Last year, the Opposition elected Mr. Irger- soll Governcrof Connecticut, and obtained a ma-~ jority in one branch of the Legislature. There is, of conrse, & serious anxiety amorg tho office- ho'ders and party-managers as to the coming camipaign in both States. A correspondent of the Boston Adrertiser, writing from Hartford, saya: What fs to come from the nation's Capital between now and Aprils 5o delightfully uncertain that the average Connecticut Republican, whtle trembling with forcbodings, will not care to encumber ks judgment by any comforting assurances at this distance from the ecene of bettlo. If Williams {s confirmed, if Ben Batler continues to ride rough-shod through Congress, it Civt-Service Reform is pressed with the vigor which has characterized all White Fouse efforts thus far—if theso and other things arc the best manifestations we are to get from Waehington, then you may look fors loud kes-note from Conecticut. A correspondent of the same papcr, wnting from New Hampshire, says : Any predictions 8s to the result of the election in March would be premature. At present, the recant absurd farce in Congress cn the salary-repeal measure 1s oparating to divgust multitudes of Republicans, and unloss that body does something of @ practical nature, und spoedily passes s measure such as the masees of the people demznd, T am freoto say that the Repub- lican ticket will lose heavily., The old party hacks are, of courss, shouting the battle-cry of frecdom. One of them says thiat the people of Connecticat will not forget the party that *‘ averted a war with Spain,” and another thinks that a State which valiantly opposed the rebellion of Jeff Davis and Lee will not now reject the candidates of the party that carried on the War. The Albany Evening Jour- nal, speaking of these elections, thiuks that all that is necessary is to nominate good men. It 8ayR : These are times when grave dutles 2ro required of Ropublicans,—times when the utmost circumspection must be excreised In the selection of candidates, It 18 & duty our great party owos itself to select ita best and truest men,—always and ot all times s duty,—and now more than ever before the obligation is impera. tive, If this Is done, there will bo little desire to go outside the Bepublican party for mento do the work the people are earnestly dasiring to have done. That kind of talk may do very well to fill & vacant newspaper column, butis, nevertheless, pure bosh. Last fall, the Republican party in Now York nominated * its best and truest men,” but the people voted them down. So in Ohio, whero the Republican candidate for Governor was one of the sblest and purest men in the State, and yet was defeated by the people, who elecied an antodilaviaa, for no other purpose than to express their discontent. 8o in Wiscon- sin, where the Republican candidete for Gov- ernor enjoyed the confidence of every honest man in tho State ; yet the people defeated him, becauso they wanted to teach the Republican party a lesson, and could doitin no other way. They would have defeated the Trwelve Apostles by 88 large n majority and for tho same reason. Is tho Republican party likely to fare any bet~ ter in New Humpshire and Coonecticut than in Ohio and Wisconsin ? We think not. The only thing that can possibly save them istho fear that the Damocratic party offers nothing better. Yet even this is s poor reliance. While thé whole couatry is ringing with denunciations of ato. Thess sixty-throe offices might be consolis | the malary-grab and other knaveries of last yesr, what is Congress doing? What bas it done? Has it not treated the popular demands with idiotic laughter, and has it not shown & subserviency to Executive dictation that is acta- ally pitisblo? The popular remedy for such a atate of things is o change—s change of rulers and governors first, ond then a revolution of parties. And that is whst is coming now, or very soon. - Talking about the slaveholdors’ re- bellion will no longer answer. The people dis- posed of Jeff Davis, snd now they will try their Lands at Bon Butler, Simon Cameron, Zack Chandler, Fernando Wood. Attorney-General Williams, Bobeson, Richardson, and last, but not least, Gen. Grant. The dissgreement between Kellogg and Pinch- back in Louisiana does not coufirm the old adago that there is honor smong rogaes. Kellogg now bas 2 echeme for making 8 pick among his own Legislature and McEnery’s Legialature, and out of bhis pickings to coostitate an entirely new Legislature, and elect s United States Serator to the vacancy now claimed by Pinch- back. Pinchback would still have a membership in the House of Representatives (to which he claims to Lave been elected from the State-at-, lurge) to fall back upon, but the programme does not suit him. The Kellogg tactics, without Pinchback's co-operation, will probably add to the present complication of Louisiana affairs, though tlus would seem hurd to do. The ouly consolation for sucn a visitation is, that it might force Congress to recec : from the position taken last winter, aad to order a new election for the Stato. This is plainly the conrse that ought to bo adopted, and the Bepublican majority In Con- gress may bo forced to take it by the dissensiona of their own party in Lonisiana. NOTES AND OPINION. Tho calendar for the assembling of legislative bodies, this weel, is as follows : Jan, 5—Congress reassembles, after recess, Ouio Lezislature. Louietuna Legislature, second sesslon. ‘Arkansas Loz slature, second session. Jan. 6—Liinols Legivi-ture, second sesalon, Minnesora Legislatire, New York L.gislature, Penneylvania Legislature, Jan, 7—¥Wisconsin Legislature, Aisaouri Legi-lature, second sesston. 3uryland Legislature, Legislatare, are. —The year opens with political conventions in Now Hampsbire, preparstary to the March elec- tion, as follows: Jan, 7—New Hampshire Republicans, Concord, Jan_ 8—New Hampshire Democrats, Concord. —Tho Pluladelohia Age (formerly Democratic) begius the new year with a declaration of 1ts in- dopendence—* free from opligations to any po- litical organization.” —The Legislature which Attorney-Gen. Wil- liams made for the State -of Alabama has just adjourned, and we find this opinion m the ex- changos: i The Montgomery State Journal, the leading Repub- lican paper In that Siate, bids farewell o it with frank words, It says that thousands of dollars have Leen paid out in thirty days of precious time worse than tquandered, while not a single desirable wessuro of re- Lief has been adopted, and ** Alabama, shorn of her beauty and of her credit, 18 left nuked to her enemizs.” —The Hartford Courant, Gen. Joseph R. Haw- ley’s paper, thinks the Senate will meekly con~ firm Williame as Chief-Justice, under dication of the President, and says: This i3 not a pleasant thing tosay of as indepeudent body a8 the United States Senate ought to be, s bady which once rejected s nonduation for Chief-Juatice mada by a3 honored & President s George Wash- imgton. —Congressman Eldredge had 2,400 majority in Dodgo Connty, Wis. ; and now the Dodge County Democrat, the recognized party organ, serves horice or Eldredge tuat *‘he no longer repie- sents this people,” and calls on him to resign. Thereupon, the Fond du Lac Commaonwealth (Ttepublican) says : \hen such an unflinching defender ss the Dodge County Democrat of eversthing that can emapate from & Deniocrutic sourco dures to denounce Charles A Eldredgo in the most scathing terms and demaud bis Tesiguation, it may be taken a3 su_Indivation that the feeling azainet bim among Lis old party sesociates i3 intensely bitter, aud that 1o apologies or promizes of reformstion e aliay it. —Unlees there is an eariy and radical im- provement they will soon be a Congreas without coustitnency. Their treatment thus far of the Salary act, and the perwistcut manner in which they Lave trifled with public_sentiment cancern- ing it, Lus goue far towards bringing upou them universal displeasure. 1t is simply amazing that 2 body of men who owe their election to the peo- ple. und wito claim to ropresent them, should dare to ignoro their wishes and refuse to exe- cute their express commaud.—Indianapolis Journal, —The people have been grosaly outraged by tho measure known 8s the salary steal. They have not counted the cost 8o much s they have felt the insnit. It 1s not dollars they aro talking soout €0 much as the mean way in which Con- avossmen put their bands into the Public Treas- Sry. Therefore a demand is made for tho un- condi.ior.al ropeal of the Salary sct.—Cincinnan Gazelte, —Congress should not be deceived into suppos- ing that the_popular demand for the uncondi- tional repeal of the Salary law is the mere clamor of thoughtless persous. Such i8 not the case. 7 he demand comes from deep-seated conviction. —Toledo Blade. ~—Thero is no use of talking about what ehould be in this matter ; Congressmen are but the servaots of the peopde, who bave a Tight to fix tuo compensation of those who serve them. The people Lave spoken, and used language that cannot bo misunderstood ; they are determined that the incieased salary bill sball not be com- promised, but shall be repealed in toto.—Bushnell (L) Record. —The Senate will probably fail to pass the THouse bill, and then tor another week cf mak- ing believe by the * Chosen of the Nation,” on the regeal of tho salary-grab law. . . - The peole wili render their vordict in a legal meu- ner when the next coust convenes.— Warren (L) Sentinel. —{¥hen clection comes around they [Congress- men] will be set aside as they justly deserve.— Ogle. County (1lL.) Grange. ~_How long mast a psnic-burdened people submit to bo robbed by au extravagaut snd cor- rupt Administration 7—Lansing (Alich.) Jour- nal. —If the State Legislatures and Congress do not heed the nmversal demand, look for break- c18 ahead.—Grinnel! (a.) Herald. —_We Lail tho day when every man’ shall be a politician and sball exercise a care as to the sort of man who shall represent him 1n Loguslatare orin Congress. That day will inaugurate a new and glorious ers in the history of American poli- tics.—Dantille (1ll.) Democrar. Z'The Republicin and Democratic _parties have ehown up the voting masses to be mere tools for the uso of schoming politicians.— War- ren ;{u.) Sentinel. L 1o old parties are past redemption. They are plodged to theft, and caro not who is their loader as long a8 plunder is abundant.—Afc County flf"‘ ) Anti-Monopolist. —Neither of these old partios deserves to live. Both, through their leading spirits, disgrace the name of politics, aud the soouer thoy are given their quiatus the Better for the couniry at large. —3femphis Avalanche. —Tue pation with all its vitality conld hardly eurvive many years tn the present putrid air of ofticial corruption;; it would sweep ihe land like the black pizgue; anarchy, desolation, and ufter yuin would be the inevitable consequance. . . . The peaplo see their danger and in their hands lies the power to avert ir, and though it will be & gevere atrugale, they will not shrink from their Sty Watscla (I10) Times. tho class who ate now clamoring 2o loudly in the laxge cities for aid, would stop voting for thioves, it wonld afford them more relief than any othier one thing we vow think of.—Lincoln (ZiL) Statesman. —The ery of ** Communiem!” has become & wespon with which certsin newspapers and monopolists strike at every reformatory move- ment. . . Itis to bohoped this cry will de- ter no one from attemping 10 strangle allabuses of tho rights of the people ai the ballot-box— that it will not enable the monopoly lords to permanently fasten themselves upon the public Thiat reservoir from which they have ubtained wealth and power that they have no right to ea- joy.—Cairo (IU.) Bullétin. ~“The decluration [at Decatur, IiL.} shows that the people of tho Ststo of California and_ the people of the State of Iilinois, though widely separated, are now engaged in the samo political work. They have borrowed no idess, the one from the other, but are moved in & common di- rection by & common grisvance.—San 00 Bulletin. - Committee, which has been ai work during the WASHINGTON. [ The Meeting of Congress To-Day. The Supplemental Civil-Rights Bili the Special Order. Otcphens and Lamar to Speck Against It. The Fight on the Confirmation of Attorney-General Williams, The Reduction of Appropriations by the House Committee, Progress of the Mexican Claims Com. missian. The Postmas‘er-General Objects to Being Cat Down. Special Dispatch to The Cldcago Tribuns, POSTMASTER-GENEDAL'S ESTIMATES. Wasnrsatoy, D. C., Jan. 4.—The Postmaster- General will send a letter to the Speaker of the Houso to-morrow with 1egard to the catting down of his estimate, as contemplated by the recently-ndopted Honse resolution. Ho will show thot the expenses of s Depart- ment are, for transportation of the mails, the salaries of Postmasters, the printing of stamps, envelopes, and postal-cards, clerk hire and incidental expenses, such us fuel, gas, ete. The item for transporiation of the mails and pay of Postmasters amounts to over two-thirds of the entire expense of the De- partment. The average ratio of increase i this item has been for some years about 8}¢ per cent, consequent upon the cpening up of new mail routes as rendered necessary by the growth and dovelopment of the country. The salaries of Postmasters are fixed by law, and eannot be re- duced by the Department. In making thisbudget for the coming year, the Postmaster-General estimates the amonnt that would be required by roason of the increase of postal fuc litiesat5 per cent, instead of the average of 83, Ho will Dot bo able to make any reduction in that direction. The only way in which that reduction could be made would be 1n Con~ gress refusing the opening up of new routes. This cannot be done probably, a8 ususlly esch member has anew routoto propose at least once during his term, and there is no disposition to economize by denying the people the facili- ties they demand in the way of postal service. The demand for stamp, stamped envelopes, and postal-cards ia of courso such that no delay E:’.:é be permitted or money eaved under that In the matter of clerk hire and the incidental expenses, Mr. Creswell will maintain thata re- duction would bo bad policy; that o more is auked than is abrolntely necessary todo the business of tho oftice. Do caunot cat down the rates paid to railroads and steamshipe, nor the saleries fixed by Con- gress for tho Pacifio Maul line. If this matter could be reduced it would bs s men- torious sction. This line now receives £1,000,0L. annnal subsidy, having secured au increase in the last Congress of 3500,000, for which shey paid out a large sum of mouey by way of buying votes. At the same time, the business of the Company Was largely profits- ble,—80 much sothat common busiucss sagacity demanded an increase of their servico from moathly to scmi-monthly, and this would have undoubtedly have been made, evea if Congress biad not doubled their subsidy on the the lieud that it was neoersary to enabie them to muke it. If they could get no more, this Company would be giad to cary the mails as they mow do for one-third the amonnt they are roceiving. CHEAP TRASSPORTATION. Mecuss, McCrary, of lows, and Hurlbut, of Iilinous, of the Huuse Committee on Railroads and Canale, have devoted themselves during tho recoss’ to the work of perfecting their bills affeciing tho transporiation question, which they will subumt to the Committee at the first meeting. The statement that any bills of the sort have been agreed upon by the Commuttee 18 incorrect. The Dills which those gentlemen have prepared ae, first, one by which a Board of nine Commission- ers, oue from each Judicial District, shall be nppointed by the President, and they bave power to prescribe and entorce ratcs that may be charged by ralrosds engaged in inter-State commerce. DBy the terms of the socond bill, aid wil bs given to at least two of the camal schemes that have been pressed on Congress for eome gnm past. Theso will be the Fort Si. Fhilip Uanal at New Oileans, and the Niagara Ship Canal, whiie the chances are that either the James River & Kanawha or the Atlantic & Great Western will bo recommended for aid. The third bil will grant a charter for a trans-continental, double-track freight road. fhere is evidently a tremendous snxiety on the part of the Committee to demonstrato to the Grangers, and people of the West who de- maud cheap transportation, that no effort will e spared to_ satisty their wants so far as tho Committee is concerned. The Commitice can pardly hope to Lave any sction on these bills before Marcli as they will not be called till about that time. They may at- tempt to introduce them under & call of the States, and try to force them through under s suspensioa of rules, bt they would not be like~ ly to succeed in such an attempt. THE DANKRUPT BILL. The Sub-Committee of the Benate Judiciary holiday recess preparing an smendment of the ‘Banirupt bill, will report to tho full Committee to-morrow morning, and later in the day the proposed alterations, a8 they may te agroe on _in the full Committee, will bo laid before the Senate. The main feature of the work accomplished in an agree- ment to doprive the present law of its oppressive provisions, making 1t necessary to secure a vote of creditors one-fourth in number, or one-third in amount, to allow proceedings in bankruptcy to be begun. ' The Committeeis said to be aversoto making the amendments retrospective_beyond the beginning of this Cungress on Dee. 1, though strong effort will bo developed in open Benatotomake them retroactive to the commence- ment of the late fivancial panic. A number of the amendments bave been agreed upon, all of which are of considerable importance. The question of regulating fees is to bo referred to the Bupremo Court for ndjustment. CONTINGENT FUND EXPENDITURES. Congrossmen arriving freal from, their con- stituenits are vory much excited on the question of the expenditure ot the conkigent fund. The ‘publications that havebeen: madeduring therecess geem to have contained a great deal of news for them. 'They express themselves forcibly: and, without doubt, the Appropriation bills will receive more attention tius session than has been paid them for some years. Recognizing the fact that, while the Deparcment officiala have ‘misused ir contingent fands, they may have also been extravagant, memba of Congress have been figaring on their own expenses, where they find much to amend. They cannot cat short the per- quisites of Department officers and allow their own to go oo, g0 if the virtaous spasm lasta long enouh the little Inxuries of life in which our legizlators have heretofora rolled at the expense of the people will be sternly forbidden them for ot least two years. Various opinions are ex- preased with regard to the percentage of the re- duction possible. Senator Sterman is quoted as sutherity for the statement that allow- ance for contingences .in the” Iouse can bo cut down at least one-third, and in the Senate two-thirds, without injury to the public business of the country. Many be- lieve that the House contingent fund can be roduced to ons-balf its present proportions. These things ste_significent, and, whils the amounts saved will be comparatively trifling, show that Congrees have finally come to a realiza- tion of the fact that the people demand and will have economy in all thinge. THE WINDOX COMMITTEE'S REPORT. The report of Nenator Windom's Committes, it is nnderstood, will recommend 28 of first im- the construction of the Niagara p Canal, and - » system steam towage on the E {5 Cansl. A et will also be made 1n favor of m’%“é’x? zét“i"’l:fin Canal, provid:d theie ia auy mouos Lifs ap g;:;: .\xlfiz'n and Enifl projects havs Leen c::mcdl 3 report will by E pred P © presented at an early Sapciiion T gmterausTitEnm, D Senators have of Iats with the President on the qn;‘alu'f,‘x"ffi coufirmation of Willame quite f-equentl To-morrow, four Seustois who have hilhenr\; been staunch supporters of the Administratiy but who havo nof ye: lobbied His Excellency :;'; the subject, will call on him and urge the witbdrawal of the nomination, seprescut, it is said s & xi‘;“".m‘"’ ment, 'that if Grant penists -fy demanding a vote, Williams will undoub: rejected. The fac:h t Senstor CJZES.:"“E Le of the party shows uow strong the feslias ig in the Senate, buz it will avail nothing. ‘Tng President will not withdras the nomination. Hig blood is up.and a't s obstinacy fally deve'oped, and he will staud 0a his reserved rights as the commander-in-chief of the whole business. MODEST FREEDMEN'S OFFICERS. The remarkable statement 1 aushorized that, while those members of Congress who wero 13 the Confuderate armv do mot object to bavin; their army records set forth in the Congressions Directary, thoso who serve in the Freodmas ureau in any capacity utterl) the tactstateds T TR ok iTo the Assoctated Press.] WASHINGTOS, Jan, 4.—The United States and Alexican Commission hns resumed busineas, and l‘)““ A;lgubueuu disposo of all cases on tha dociet y the expiratim of its extended Within the Jast two months the Commi.::i::: ers Liave decided at least 10) cases, including the adverse ds on_in the case of Daniel E. “guod- Lonso agaiost Mexico, kaosn as the Tehuantor pec claim, in_which {hs petitioner stated the amount of damages at over £500,000,000, The claim of Mexico for $27,000,« 000 on account of damsges from Indian incursionsis now in the haads of Sir Edward Thoraten, the umpire, the American and Mesican Commissioners beins divided in opinion. Mexico_claims that. under tae treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalzo, tho United Ststes pledged themeelves to forcibly restrain Indiaa Ircareions into her territory, aud that,whenever such raids conld not be provented, the Indians should be punistied by our Government, and ‘satisfaction for the seme exacted.” Ths United States, on the contrary, insists that our Goversment could not promise to do for Mexico more thun it was required to do for its own citizens, and therefore no damages could be claimed. Should the umpire, 8s in predicted, decido sgainse Mexico in tho pending case, Mexico will present the same principle 88 an anewer to the United Statea for claims for dam- agoe 1o citizens of Texas growing out of the in- cureions of Mexicans into that State an the Rir Grands border. , THE REASSEMBLING OP CONGRESS, Thete i5 Do reson o suppose thero will not be a quorum in both Eouses to-morrow. Tha geueral sentiment among members is, that they should first see to what extent appropristions can be reduced before thoy consider tha subject of assistance to the Treasury, either in the form of additional taxation or a temporary convertibla loan,—tho Iatter finding more favor than the former mode of relief. THE SUPPLEMENTARY CIVIL RIGUTS BILL. After the morning hour,in the House,consider- ation of the Supplementary Civil Rights bill will be resumed as the apecial ordcr, and will be de- bated on Aonday 2nd day,—on the latter day till 5 o'clock in the afternoon, when the discussion will close. RepresentativesStephens, of Georgia, and Lamar, of Mississippi, ate ez~ pected to speak oguinst the bill, which, it is 6aid by ita friends, will undoubtedly pass, THE STPREMT COURT will rerume business to-morrorw. THE CHIEP SCSTICESIIP. ‘There are no new developments with regard to the Chief-Justiceship, though the preponders ance of opinion now is that the nomination of Wiliams will ve confirmed. THE APPEOPRIATIONS COMMITTEE. The House Committee on Appropristions have had four meetings during the recess, and consid- ered the Army, Indian, Foctification, aod Navy Appropriation pills. Though none of them have yet been perfected, every item bas been cut down to the lowest possible figure, 1n accordance with the expressed wish of the House to maks the appropriations comparatively small. The es- timates of the Light-House Board have been cud down about 31,000,000, leaving them one-balf the sum submitted at tho beginning of the ass- sion. THE BANERUPT BILL. The Senate Judiciary Committee has had sevs eral meetings during the recess, and coneidersd the Bankrupt bull, with & view of perfecting and reporting it to the Senate at an early day. ANOTHER POLAR EXPEDITION. It ia eaid before Congress adjuuins an appro priation will be asked for fittin;; out znother ex- pedition to_the North Pole. Cap:. Green, who commanded the Jurviataon the search for survivors of the Polaris, isepoken of aa come mander of thiy expedition. Politics and Jnstice. Crry ov New YorK, ) Rroorpxa's Orrice, No, 317 BroapwAY, Naw Yomx, Dec. 29, 1872 Dr, Feodore Miersom, Secretary Twenhth 4. District Tammany Hail General Commitles = Ay Deak Sim: I bavo recived a letter of which the following is & copy: Orrice oF THE NEW YoER JOURNAL, Nos. 13 4ND 15 Crrx HALL SQUaxe. To the Honorable Court of General Sesstona : GENTLEMEN : The Committee on Organization of Tammauy Hall has assigned to our district one Deputy Clerk, and one ofticerof your Court, suitable persons tobe recommended by the Tam- many Hail Committee of our district. You will oblige the nndersigned by signifying your inten- tion in regard thereto, and statiug st what time recommendations are to be sentin. Very re- spectfully, Dz. FEopoRE MIERSON, Becretary Twentieth Assembly District Tammany Hall General Committes. To which I make answer as follows: I have been Recorder nearly eight years, and have nevar before received any such intimation. even by fn- plication. Whatever may hae been the political 6ins of former leaders in Tammany Hall, they never iocreased them by even sugrestively inter- fering with the independence of the court of which I have the honor to be a Judge. I cannot believe that your proposition mects with tha approval of present leaders like esera. Kelly, Chandler, and others. If there exists an oftico which, more than any other one, should bo utterly divorced trom political congillera tione, i ia that ot & Clerk or Deputy Clerk of & court. Even if disposed to throw open ita books and records to a politician, I could not do it, becsase the Deputy-Clerk is not appointed by the Judzes of the Court of General bessions. The oflicers who escort and guard prisoners to and_from the City Prison, and who guard them in Court, and who, to some extent, control process, cught 0ot to bo mere politicians, but such reliable men 18 the Judges select. Of course, in making the se- loction they are moro or loss guided Ly rocom- mendations which applicants bring. The Leqis- lature has therefore wisely placed the selecuon of officers of the Court 02’ General Sessions iz él.\a exclusive fifcmucn of the Jml:e.ubn{u L\zfi ourt. Every day of experience contributas & court officer's usefulness. The Court bss under it many officers of ten years' experieace, They are reliable, unbribable, and_discreet If the notions you foreshzdow should be .n&:unefld in by the criminal Judges, inasmuch aa the com- c_hmlg:;i position of political committees often 80 might the composition of court officers, thereby confusion, at least, be occsaioned. I cannot sanction your proposition. ‘Posaibly T may Lercaftor invite political entity by this determination, yet, while privately By sympathies are mo-¢ ardent in their Democratic tendeucies, I should be recreant to my Judicisl indopendenco and sense of daty if 1answered otherwise thu:‘ f‘uhava now ma. otk Very respec our obedient ey Xeapestiity JOU Joms K. Iiceirt. SR i Milwaukee’s First-Bornms From the Miliraukes Wisconsin, Miss Milwaukee H. Smith, lately of this citr. was married in California, to a resident of thet State, oo the 17th ultimo, -The bride isth® daughter of one of our oldest sememhib’nd l; Smith, Esq., and she was the first W todnfld born withun the present limits of the City Milwaukes, having beea born Oct. 10, Hence the peculiarity of the namo giren b + Milwaukee " Smith. Col. 3fcCarty, ¥ho, 71 Junesu, owned s large portion of the_prese site of Milwankee, throngh Prof. I A. Laphae his attorney and agent, deeded to her & lot = the Third Ward, on Milwankee street, ia hooo! of. and in commemoratioa of, the notable avm; Mias Smith from her birth until lsab fall wss Tesident of Milwaukee. At that time sho W on a visit to a friend in California, with what & sult we have already indicated. —_————— 8 Private Equipages at Public - ington D tothe o Fork St i (Jan, 3) Diepateh to the Sew York & e Depariment stsble is 505 i only establishment of the kind here for T benefit of oficials. Theze ce two stibles horses at the Capitol in which £ho tesms ators and Representatives are kept, the being ed to ihlgb:o:ngngan: éu‘n;l vers an e e e ave " placod on the roll of b8 [ o i Houses, and pid in the samé wase 1§ i 1 i | | ¢ § R ARt A b s A AR LA PSRRI AL N A MY ST S i SALL A ¥ 0 A2 P NS N S KT RSNt e