Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 7, 1873, Page 12

12 THE CHICAGO DAILY NUNDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1873, | HOw A CYCLOPEDIA IS MADE The Work of Revising Appletons® 011 Editlon, How and By Whom the Work Is Done. Editors, Assooiate Editors, Revisers, and Contributors, The Various Processes of the Work. The Thoronghness with Which Xt Xs Dono =s-Imporfant Changes Made. Yrogress of Revision Thus Far. Correspondence of The Chicago Tribune, Niw Yonx, Nov, 22, 1873, Tho making of n flrst-class Cyclopedin s o gigantie undertaking for a aingle publishing Lonse to tako up in nddition to its gonoral busi- nosy and carry throngh to complotion ; and the worlk on which the cutablishment of the Apple- tons, of this city. is now engaged, is ono of the groatest of its kind, Nomiuelly it is a rovision ot tho ald Cyclopedia, but virtually it is tho preparation of a far moro eompleto, carefully- wrought, and exponsive Look thau tho original. This revision is no slovenly retrenchmont of prseages hore and thero, and tho Glling of tho spaco &0 galnod with now matlers bub a thorough overhauling of overy page. Many titles which the maturer judgment of tho edi- tors ling dectued supetfluous in a work of tho Iind have beon altogethor suppressod; other orticles have Dbeon brought within small- cr compass § and many now ones have beon introduced. A large portion of the old articles which aro retained in substance nro ontireiy rewritten, and evory ono Is carofuily re- viced, Whatever of Inter or more acenrato in- formation can be had is obtained at whatovor cost, aud no paina are spared to make the work u perfeet record of all such general information o tho studont and the worker in the various callings in lifo may at any time stand inneed of, THE WORKSIOP, Tho principal part of the work of proparing the Cyclopedin is carried on in tho fourth story of the publiching house of the Applotous, on DBroudway. Intering tho front door, you pass through lanes piled Ligh with books on sither Liand, among which a smull colouy ol clerks and customers obstruct yaur progress, uutil yon reach tho rear of tho store, on Ner- vor street, 200 feet from tbo on- trance, Intrusting yourself to the elova- tor there, you are carried to tha fourth story, whero you uzain trevorso Uho outire length of tho building fo the frount, passing among cords of pnpor nnd etationory. There you flud the workehop of the modern Cyelopedists, It i divided off by low partitions from the rest of tho floor, and is fully lighted by the Jarge win- dows on tho Droadway front. It is a room about Gfty feet wquaro, in which somo twenty-five or thirty mou are constantly occupiod. Through the middlo runa a long desk, with places for wniters tlong both sidea, and an clevation in tho mid- dle, filled with pigavn-holes stnffed full of docu- meots and matorials, Al about ihe room aro other dosks at ovory nvuilable point, and day aftor day may bo found there tho plodding work- men at tho heseulean lnbor which which had beon going on mearly for two ‘years Loforo tho first volumoe mado its public appearance. Ono fido of iho room ‘iy entlroly taken up by a teries of book-shelves, filled with all tho rofer- enco-books, in varivas languages, which could bo got together, busides roporle, volunies of atntistics, listories, official almanacs, ete., olc. Every desk, too, is burdeued with documents obtained for special linos of work, and with manugcript-material sccured by constant corre- rpondenco with living authoritics. Tho catly ‘workers generally putin un appenrance hoveabont 9 o’clock in thomorning, aud the othorsdrop in in the course of tho uest Lour; and, through tho middlo of (he dag, every desk in occupiod aud every Euu is busy. The” workors soldom spenk to eacli othior, excopt to consult in an under-touo 24 to soms doubtful poivt. Lvery man Las bo- fore him and about him books and documents covering his desk and running_over upon the loor or & neigaboting choir. Every now and then romo ono glides up to tho colossal booi- cnge lo coymit some authority or to Lunt down aYmiesing fact, ‘Thros or four hugo atlases,porched upon a sort of casel for co- veniont reference, recoivo coustant visits ; and, wutil Inte in tho aftornoon, tho husy work goes on. Manueeript springs into oxistones, passcs through the ordeal of revision, aud goes forth to tho printer, who is located over the river in the part of Brooklyu familiarly known as Willinms- ‘burgh ; aud beek come proufs in piles, to ba put through & thorougl cortcction. Chief amons the worlers in this litorary hive iy tho venerablo Georgo Ruploy, well known for Lis vast and critical information on all manner of subjects, and his ligh and liberal culturo. Ife i & graduato of arvard Colloge, was the prime movor ia tho famous co-oporutive enter- prigc known ay the Brook Farm Colony, which drew in wo many of tho choica infoliccls of the last gonoration in Massachueotts, and bhas crowned lzs lator years with wido and varied exparienca by extousive travel, constant study, and associntivn with tho nctive mon of the living vorld, flg1s still, 83 ho Lgss beon for many veara, tho litornry editor of the T'vibune, and displays Iu that position not only the erulilion and grace that coms from latga cultnro, but an aclivity and euterpriso {hat would do credlt to the yotngost journahsts. It is vare thal any of the literary work of_tho Zritune is doue by any other haud, though ho is oblized to devata quite oue-half hit working time to the Cyclopedin, pernon, Mr. Riploy is stout, aud curies tie vieight of noar three-score-yeurs-and-ton with n firmandolasticntep. Hishairandelosely-trimmed beard aro almosy white, but his faco is florid with health and cheerfulness, Awis well known, Lia und Mr, Clnrles A, Dana wero the oditors of ho old cdition of the Cyclopedia, and are no lonzor mnovices in conductiug o work of the Lind, Mr, Dana 18 bent known ea the editor of tho Fun nowspaper, but noone who knows him us that alone I:lm\vfl tho mau abnll, 1lo, too, way envried away by the millonoinl dreain of Droolk 1, but subsequently gave bin lifo to jourual- fem. Of lato ho has been kuown as a bold and not overscrupulons asseilant of anybody and unything that hos ronsed his indienation ; but, in private lire, ho1s tho most polished of Achol- urs_and tho mast geniul and intavesting of co: pavious, 1o is mastor of the German, Fioncly, Ltntian, aud othor Enropoan Innguagzes; wad Lis calture and wmformation ave vast and variod, Mr, Ripley and Mr, Dana work togedior as oditorg-ln-chief in tho most porfeet harmony. L'bo former has bis whole soul in tho work. It oceupios hiw waking and hiy sloaping hours, Tvery motent that ean bo snatehed ferom other cajgemonts is glven bo it, Ilo looks after vy dotadl of tho work, from the time tho 21d volumen ave taken'up uolil the now ones nio Zasucd, Lo [y continunlly watohing lest any flaw whould pass heyond the” reach of remody, His nemorandum-book is fn constani use for now ontries or connultation of old ones ; and ho can- not rest until evory paint of tho wotk in prog- row 1 famillar to his mind, When it is consid- orod thit the advance-guard of wyiters i all the timo at lenst thrce volumen ahead of tho lnst re- vinog, Ib will Lo seon thas Lhis is no light taslk, Mr, Dana’s method of working is differont, 1o rorely spends moro then an bour in tho oflico at ouo timo, hut during thut hour he glauces ovora saultipheity of matter upon which ha is o bo con- mum{: ith amazing rapldity nrd accurnoy of judmment, Ho looks over specinl arliolos and makes suggestions for improvement, rns through pites of ordinary copy to seo how tho reucinl worl in being_dune, casts his oye over proofa by the seore and seldom misses anything calling for mgzoation, q||llpu(t1unlnlontorl points withoit o womest’s hositation, Then he hurrios Lway to bi regular duy's work, AU ASAOCIATE KLITORS, Thero avo four usaocinto editors, who &n no arigginal wriling, but dosl only with the word of sthers, revising, canvculln'!s, el mlucl.nr, to wiimnelty and perrection, iree amony thoso In abor, Carter, a mon of Now Euglaud birth and dnoition, bul for meny yenrs connecied with 0 nowspaper-pressof thigclty andBinto, Howus the correapondent of the Tribuna at Washington fora lnuq timo, and subnojuontly odited m\%\ra- papor b echostor, Lattorly lio has been woll and favorably known s the aditor of Applelons' Jowrnal. 1o, too, may bo spolon of g von- erablo without offenso,” Of n'lm‘t niature and ull bnbil of body, with » rubicand Taco, adornad by o Il gray board, and surroundod by rathor Tong and unttammeled lookn, ha is tho picture of A literary Sauta Cluns, In hin work o Is qulot and unostontatious, Lut clear-mghtod and ne- cutate, M, Hellfiin s the walking Ovclopedin of tho ontablishment. e s of n Uolish famly of seholars, wud was himsolf tho Dravate Secretary of Kossuth whon that patrlot's star was in tho ascondant, iy orudition, eapocially in mattors reluting Lo history, blography, geography, and philology, is somothing astonishing, and oxtonds to tho minutost dotails, ebrow soholars alive, and ia ncquainted with vther Otiental tongucs, besides bomg porfectly ot hamo in nearly overy langnagoe of autlont and modern Enropo, Ho “writos and spoaks with ense no loss than twelvoe of thoso languages, Ilo Lias of Inte had ohnrge of tho iitorary roviews of tho Nation. Every pnge of tho Oyelopedia is submitted to him 1 proof, and subjectud to his ummeroiful corroction, Mr, Aifred II. Guornsey has had great ox- porfenco in poriodien! and othor literary work. haiug been In the omploy of tho Harpors for somo twenty vearn, For o long timo ho was edi- tor of their Magazine, anil did the principsl por- tion of thei¢ historical work on thia War of "tho Riebellion, Io is coustantly employed in an edi- torinl rovislon of tho copy furnishod by othor writera, Mr. Francis A. Teall's trnlnlnf and experionce wake him au fuvaluable man. Ho was o prao. tieul \lrimm- and for many years a proof reador; nud thoso who are fanuliar with tho duties of that poni on kunow what & vast amount of de- talled Information Is gathorod by an intelligont and faithiul man in performing its fuuclions. Mr. Yeall's ave the last handa through which {ho copy goes boforo loaving for the printing-oico, and thio fltst to receivo tha preofs. Who flnal systomatlo castigation, which is oxpeated lo climinate evory blunder in orthography, punctua. tlon, usoof languoce, or of facts, is admimistered bly him, though tho general supervision of the chief editors daes not ceaso till tho pages aro bo- foro tho world, GENERAL NEVISERS, Then there is n utaif of rovisers, soveral of whom avo devotod to special lines of work, for whicl they havo speclal qualifications. For in- slanco, Dr. Edward I, Clatkoe, who is & prof or and a distinguishod physician In Boston, as woll as tho nutlior of sevoral medical works, hias goneral wuporvision of tho articles on matieal subjects, many of which he writes himsolf, The lon. 3L "Cooloy, LL.D., of Amn Arbor, Mich., who i8 ono of tho soundest constitutional lnwyers in the conntry, and is about to publiph n wotk un Constitutional Lats, oxercises & similor supervigionover tho logal articles. Trof. Dalton ulso writes medienl arviclos. aton 8. Drono, M. A., las chargo of tho titlos on American geography, such ns tho Statos, countics, cities, rivers, mountning, etc., besides’ others roquiring epecial statisticnl information, euch as thoso on **Cotton,” * Education,” '*Emigration,” ofe. Ho iy indofetigablo fn collecting all tho muterinl that can bo had in every quarler of tho globo for his special ~ work, and eareful tn his mothod of worlung it up, Dr, Togehoont devotos himself to articloa portaining to tho mechanic arts, such ns brawing, blasting, &o. Prof, I' Stoiry Iuut, of the Boston Instic tuto of Technology, looks after wubjoctu in naturnl history, Prof. Joy, of Columbia Col- lege, has charge of tho titles on chemistry, Prof. 3. A Spenicer looly attor matieig rolating to classieal history and licorature. Tho Rov. Bernard O'Roilly, an ominent clergyman of tho Catholio Chiurchi in this city, propares tho arti- clos on subjects pertaining to tho_bistory and doctrines of that Chureh. Mr. Edward Bur- ingame, who i3 tho #on of the lato Jlon. Aunsou Burlingamo, has genoral ehargo of tho dopart- ment of illustrations, but also gives mueh limo ng, Hois n good deal employed upun mattors of classical history and biography, nut much of his time is employed in cmbodying the latest current informstion in artioles wiich hod beon fully completed weoks, and perhaps months, botore the iuformation camo to hond or was in oxigtence. Mr, Van Rhyn deals mostly with Oriental sub- jcct( and thoso requiring a famitiavity with 8pri- uc, Xvabie, and other Iustern tongues, Dr. Shon doeals with naything portaining to Lo American [udiang, & subject of which” ho has mndo bimyolt mastor, Mr. Julius Bing, who was formorly Consul-Goneral at Smyinn, and is familiar with soveral Linropoan languages, do- votea Liimsoll chiofly to Lluropean biagraphy, goograpliy, und histors, Vrof. Alexander Shem 18 distinguished for his koowlodgo of Buropean statistics, and tho vast colleclions of flgures whic ho bas constantlvon hand. Prof, Richard A. I'roclor, tho Iinghsh astronomor, is a rogutar reviser in tho branch of gefonco in which ho is inguishod ; and othors of the regular staif of rovisers hnve spocial classes of topics to whicl thoy chiolly confluo their labors. Thero aro, however, several who dovote thoir ontire atton- tion to the larga closs of miscollangons subjects which aro loft whon all tho spoclaltios havo ocen takon out. Thoso nre invarinbly men of high culture anad intelloctual nttainments, and of con- siderable literary oxpericnco. ALy, Jobn Miluor, the Sverotary, should not bo forgotlen, who hns charze of the great mnss of booiis and documentary and manuscript ma- terinls, o3 well as of the copy and proofs of the matter which o in pracess of proparation. 1Io is no novice, but o gray-haired and am{-benrdud voteran, and as nccirate aud mothodion] ns n maching, 1o koops & complato record of avery- thing that is gomg on, 1o has on record tho namo of evary writor, the mattor that each has in hand, dato on which it wes given outand returned, nnd tho exact mmount writlon or rovived by each. Tho coming in of proofs is ulso recorded by him: aud, by turning to his hooks, the exact " condition of the work ac any time cau be nscertnined. OUTSIDE CONTRINUTORS. The corps of outsido writers who ara emnloyed from time to time includes a largo proporiion of the leading scholurs of the country, aud many of thom are the highest authoritios on tha sulbjocty with which they deal, For instanco, Mr., iTonry Caroy Lnird, of Philadelphia, ono of the leading Amaricun authorities on ;)uliticn! economy and finance, prepaved tho article on bauks, and is engaged tor il wimilar topics of fivst-cliss im- wortance. Mr. Ruswitor . Raymond, well nown for his oficial reporte and Litorary works on minoy and mining, propares all articlos por- talning to those subjocts, Jilizur Wright writes on iusurance ; and scores of othor woll-known men contribute of thowr learning and informa- tion, 'I'hc number of these outsido contribu- tors bo tho firt volume is nearly soventy, and new ones uro continually boing employed as the work advanuces, COLLEGTION OF MATERIAT. Tho library containg nlf Lao cxisting Cyelo- podias and biographichul nud other dictionavies of modern dato, in various languages, Losidos n targa colloction of spccil works ol vatious sub- ocis, Thero avo masses of Cougrossional nud Parliamentary reports, bluo books, reports of expeditions and . surveys, biographies, histories, truvels, ete, ote. Whenevor any bool is needad which isnot in tho lorary, it is Immediatoly obluined, A costly book will oftontimes bo nought, though of no use sava in one enapara- tivoly pmall article, Al consus-ropors and olher stalistical mattors sre obtained from ofli- cial sonzcos at tho carlicss momont by perswtont corrospoudones, In tho emly stagos of tho worl, the United States consus-tables wero ob- tainod long bofore thoy wero published,—in the earliest proofs, and smne even in manuscript,— tho oxpens of copying being peld, of colrso, by tho Applatous, "As o rule, the utmost cour- teny 18 oy In all quaitors, nnd information s imparted fraoly and promplly. TIE PROCES OF REVINTON, 'Fhe process of vavislon is hagun by one of the peineipal editors going ovor the volumes of the old edition, und diawing o poucil-mark through articles Lo e omitted, indicaiing on the margin that othors ure to bo _shiortoned, and noting new ules to bo introdneed, ‘Cho colwmna ave then cut out and prstedin tho middle of half-shoots of foolscap paper. ‘Theao form the foundation for tho work of tha rovisers, All thowo artioles whioh are {o ba givon out to spovinl writers, whether in thoolilco or outside, are chiocked off, und the leaves distributed from time to thno among ho regular rovisors, Tho upeciul tittes aco nssigned to tho writers whoso quulitieations best iit thom to hundlo tho various topies, Whenover any mau ontsido of tho ofiico I8 known who is bottor qualified thau nny ono eluo to deal with an Important soloutiflo or teci nical subject, Din korvicon nie secared, if possi- ble. Dhe uriginal articlo is sont to him, aud ho 14 angogod Lo revise, corract, or whoily rowrite, according to his own Judgmont, No tronblo or oxponta in spnred to seeuro tho porvioss of tho most thorough masnter of tho subject, It is no uncomnon thing to sond to foroign countrics to womo person wpoolally qualitiod for diienit taat, For istunco, tho subjeet of tho Chi- neso lynguago and litorature” was sent {o Dr, 8. Wolls Willlams, whe hay bueon for many ri a mbasfonary in tho Oalostial Em[:]ru, hing written #avoral wotks on Ohinose matlor, nud in duubtlces tho gronteat hving scholav i that spocini dapartment, Phe Chincso lotlors whioh itlantrate tho urticlo ure printed from bypo sont by hun from Oanton, Inovery cuso the highost anthority uttainable in nonglit, Thoso wpooial articlen of less magnitudo aud ImYm-l.nuuo o givon to writors compotont to deal with whole Artivlos aro ocontinuplly clasyes of sublects, Ilo s ono of tho best | golng out nnd coming in, whila tho office-work goon atondily on. Ho fur ns now topics aro con- cornod, ovory onn In enconraged to suggent thom ns thog mny havo cume up In bin porticular m- veatizattona 3 but tho oditors finally decide whothor thoy are to hn admittad or not, 'I'ho Seovotary has churgo of tho grest mngs of copy whilo it s in courmo of propara- tion, rocolving the miticlos as fast an thoy o propared. As soonaathe material thatcomes from H ol wifors I buniseon ivoly complato, it goen Uirough the sovaro oporation of oditorin] rovision. U'ho st part of thia worlk iy divived botween My, Carter and Dr, Guornsoy, who read the mattor all through earofully, making such corrections {u statomont or oxprassion ns thoy 800 it, and eurtailiug or modifying whorover it In demsnded. Thoy nre constnntly vorifylng doubtfal statomonts, looklng up faols and dates, aud polishing up the nrtlclod genorally, It i3 no uueomnnion thing for thom to flud an article qutito unsatinfactory, and to nend. it back to tho same or another writer to o Improved, or even ontiroly dono over, My, Iliploy aud Mr. Dana aro all this whilo keoping an cyo to this copy, looking over articlor, making snggostious, and Tooking out for flaws and fmporfoctionn. Final- Iy, Mr. Penll takon the mattor in hand, and pro- paros it for the printer. {To nottles all mattors of orthography, punctuation, &e., and exercises bLis judgmont " freoly a8 to tho form and sub~ stanco of tho articles, Aftor his castigation is comploto, it goea to tho printing-ofticy, Progeutly it returns in *¥ gallo; Juue(u," which Mr, ‘Toull ¥agoives aud correats, * 4'hono ave then sont to Mr. Heilfrin, who makes all hiy rovision in tho proofs, e not uncommonly filln tho broad ‘marging with changes and corrections, evon aftor tho mattor has heon through so tnany competont hauds in copy. My, Carter and the chief editors nlso look over the pioofs to gunrd against tha possibility of an orror gatting be- yond rocall,” These proofs, with the mass of corrections and chungos, ave then sent over to tho printing-ollice and Lim coricetions mado i typo. I'roush proofs are thon soat back for fur- ther improvements, and agnin roturnad, ‘Tho mattor in then mado up into’ pagos, and “ pgos proots " taken and sout to tho editors, Finnily, aflor tho pngos huva hoen east into plates, utill auothor sot of proofs arc takon, which nco eont ta tho office and pastod into Tavge folios for roforonco, Stll tho book i3 opeu for cor- reclion or improvoment up to tho last moment bofare boing put to press. 1f any now evoent of importance oceurs, ur now and valiablo matoriut counca to ight, thoro is no _hoxitntion in destroy ing plates aud binving this new matter incorpo- rated. A8 ou ingtanco, tho first volumo wag all rendy for the [)rn:m, when the first nows of the Polatris xpedition was received; but the work upon it way stopped at ouco in order that the re~ sult of Capt. Hall's Invostigation might bo om- bodiod in tlio articlo on Atctio Discovory. Atniy, whon tho ardicle on ** Cotlon™ was propared, tho Intest statistios obtainablo were thuso of 1572, A short timoe ngo the ligures of 1873 came out, and, thougl tho nrticlo bed long beforo passed into the closed-up plates, it was re- opened, 1he new statistics iutroduced, and the pagey recdjussed. During ull this process, from tho timo the old pagod are taken in haud till tho now oues arg put to press, the closest rerutiny is exercined over the work, and the most rigid attention to ovory dotail is oxacted. The atnonnt of mutler undergoing the traneformation at ouce is more than three volumes of (ho worls, PROGRESS MADE, At this momaont the wivauco-guard of general revivers, who aro working on ho miscollancous acticies loft, afior il spocialties ara taken out, nra busy n the elaventh volume, down in tho the Jotler “J." Tho work of i i at all slages of complotness ghout tho pre- coding four. volurmes, ‘The editoriul rovisera have 1 hand matcor bulnugmfi to tho sovanth and oighth volumes. Whon I last visited tho sanctuin, o dny or two 5go, cony had heon sonl to tho pinting-olfic to the word * Forgery,” well along in tha sovonth volume ; galloy-proota bad been recoived to * Figcher” oatly in tho samo volume; paga-praofs to ‘lalmouth," noar the beginhing of that volume; aud plate- proofsto * Buropo,” which is near tha closo of the sixth volume. Volmaos, 4, 6, and 6 aro sib- stuntially finished ; and Volumo 4 will bo issned about-the st of January. 'Iuo olhers will fol- low al intorvals of two or threo monthy, IIFORTANT CIANGES. The transformation of the Uyclopedia, nfter undergomg this procees, is complote, nud justi- tles this claim that it is substantinlly o new work:, Many nrticles in biography, biszory, gcogriphy, &o., whizh wero of littlesignificance, nro oinsted, All terms moroly roquiring dofinition, snon ua it is tho fanction'of a dictionary to glve, ero sup- prosaed. Iveryihing in retained which iy oetisved to bo of suificiont moment to tho scholar or the agolker for information in any line to in- duca such parson to rosort to a Cyclopedia for light upon it. Slnny of tho old articles which went unnecessarily into dotail, or wore undily olaboratod in style or consteuction, are con- doused. Itis o principlo rigidly adbored to in this cdi- tion, that thoro shall Lo no waste of rpace. No outward flourishes of siyle aro tolorated. What isvequired is n el ¢iyz, and foreiblo state- mont of all the acty worth ntating, Vigor nad cloganeo in mticles which admit of {hesa quali- tiod aro appreciatod, but no cilloreecenco ol Inngungo. Not orly is there a vast nmount of later infor- mation meorporatad into tho articles, briuging thiom down na noamly as possiblo to tho prewout momont, but tha changes of the last fifieen years have brought u largo number of now s Jeets juto promiusucs, In higstory, mocgraph biography, and scienco. * Tha Confederato Statoy " is anow il ooeupying much spaco ; and that namo suggests a host of others Lo como in i their propor placos. Tho articlos ou ** Amorican Winos,” * Alaska,” * Fish-Culiure," and scores of othel The title * Bank, aud all_subjeets pe: 2 to commorcial and industrinl fittorests, aro wmach moro [rosly trent- od than in tho old cdition ; and all stulisiical in~ formation i vastly more complete. TIE CARE TIAT 18 TAKEN, Trom what has boon already weid, 1t will ‘he seen that the utmost cavo is takien to attain com- pleto necurncy and porlection, but it may bo worth whila to illustrato tlan still furtaer, aud ihiu eannot ho batter doue than by taking up o einglo important article, and showing how it las been mado, @, for instanco, ¢ Liducatisn,™ which oceurs in Volumo 6, an:l Las baon pro- pared by Mr. Drona. Lt cuntains n genoral etnto- ment of systematie adueation, together with its bistoty in the pasz, aud thon ontors into_details with regurd to the systems in voguo in diife couutries, giviug spocinl prominonoo to those of Ameriea, 'The luntest and bost facts and_ etatis- tics ave fally et ferth. Now, before putting pen to pper, 3r. Drous collected all tho publishod matorial that could bo found in tho form' of treatises, roports, pumphlots, and documonts of ecvery deseription, Iio thon put himsolf in correspondonce with _ {ho Lurcau of Statintics at Weshington and yari- ous Commissionors of Iducation, besdes all the teading suthorities on tie subject, both in this conntry and abroud, In dad time ho obtein- od, from moroe than a_dozen differont sonrees, o largo amount of fre3h material, colicetions of fuets, end valuablo » alions,, Having gothus mutorinl togethior, ho uat down and made Lim- self mastor of the information contained in it. 1fe spent noveral weeks I extracting and putting in form this information, 1o then had tho articlo put in typo, and tont proars to all tha authorities whoi lie had consulted by letier, and bad thom maky corrections and nuggostions, which Lo nfrorwards incorporated in tho niticle. Proofs of tho nrticlo have gons to Toudou. Paris, Derlln, and Vieane, as well as to vari places ut hone. Lhoresult, pomay bo imazsined, 11 the beat resume of juformation on thus fin- portant subjeet that conld e made, In fagt, no timao or extienso connciontionsly ex- pended in porfeeting Lhn work 1s begrudged by tho cditor or by tno” publishers, By man ig encouragod to seeurs tho hest matoriad, ab what- evor cost, aud spend ol tho timo thnt muy bo necessary to,tho most completo aud acy 0 sults. Wako, for inslauco, tho tito I which Mr. Drono has just takon up, Lho rofet- oneo-bouks in the libiary contain no defluito in- formation regarding tho production or tho ex- tont of the triado in fure, it nothing sntis tosy could be found i print, Finally, na a lagk rasource, word hug beon sonk to the Applogon’ agent in London to vikit tho ofticon of tlio Tud- son Day Company, and obiain eyoryching that can bo furnislio by that concarn ‘I'ho magnitudo and exponse of this undertak- ing were probably novor cquuled by nuy Jiteravy ontorpriso earried out by w single private firm without subsidiery aid. he oxponse npproxi- miatad to"3100,000 hefora tho flrst’ volume mado its appearance and thero was any prospect of raturny ; and tho varront osponson for litorary worl plono mmount to abous 31,600 per weok, T'ain takos no aecount of the cost of illustrating, printing, nud binding, The prioting is more ox- ponsivo than i ovdinary books, uwing to the Yot wmonnt of clianging and corroction {hat i mado uftor the matier hnw hean put i typo, TUE ILLUKTRATIONS, Tho {uatrations demaud o word by thems #olven, Tho worlk of thoe mu:m\'hls: imder tha dirootion of M. Iilmor, in of the hest qualiey, Mr. Burlingeme, vho hes gonoral wupervision of this dopartment, altows nothiug 1o pass whieh in not 1 every way cieditable to the Lhe doslgns uve ahtairod [rom sny truste worthy sourea that is avetlablo. Mauy of them, eapeclully tlsono ilustrating kciontiflo witiclos, uro tukten from the boni standurd works; some weo foundl in oftiolal reports, others in the hooks of travolors, and very manv ave trom vhotouravhy and drawlngs obtalned ospecially for the O; clopedia, In conclusion, pormlt mo to givo it o8 an un-~ Dblawod opinfon “thiat, for practieal use, this will o tha beat Cyelopedin in oxistouco,—nat only becanso all the most valuable facty of exlsting reforonce-bookis will bo found in it, topethor with the hest information from all othor availa- blo sourcon, hut hioenuno it Ia gotien up with onto nud fidolity vory raroly oxorclsed In any lte erary wotl, Kibpen, SIR HENRY HOLLAND. Tleasant Ancedotes of o Grent and opninr Physician. Lrom the London Pimes, 8lr Waller Heott rolntos that, whon somo ono was montlonod ns n *fine old msn" Lo Switt, ho exclaimod with violonco that thero was no such thing: “If the man you spoeak of had either nmind or a body worth a farthing thoy would have worn him out loug sgo.” Vol- tairo, Qoothio, Brougham, Lyndhuvst, Palmor- ston, Moltke, Guizot, ‘Thiors may bo clted in refatation of thio thoory, which, wo prosume, has nothing to do with thews, and sinews, or alaturo, Most of Claroudon’s “great” men woro littlo mon, But if wo wantod another ox- amplo of facultios of no common order, ramain- Hig unimpaired by mind or body il long past the gnd climacterio, wo might name Sic Ronry olland, who died at his house {u Biook street, on bis 86th birthdny, Monday, th 27th Inst,, having attended the Bazaine trizl at Vorsailieson Triday, tho 2ith, and dined that same duy at tho Beitieh Bmbassy In Parle, whoro ho was on- pecially remarked as *choortul and happy, and full of conversntion," ‘When the Abbo Sleyes was nslod what he hnd dono during tho reign of terror, he made an- wwor, ““3'ni yoen,” and ¢ waa no fdlo bonst. Nor wag it o small thing for Sir Honry Holland lo bo nbla to eny that, duting from tho commencemont of the contury, ho had lived an intelligout and omuiprasont spectator through 7: of the most oxciting and oventful years of thoe world's listory ; that he had scon tho political and social aspect of most civilized na- tions in both homisphores transformed threo or four times over, inoluding thoe fail of two cmpires, Lwo monarchios ‘and threo or four repubtles, to say nothing of pro- visional governments in Ihance. Ho ‘hau crossed tho Atlantic sixteen or ssventeon timos; travoled ovor moro than_ 26,000 miles of the continent; mndo four oxpeditionn o , threo tours in Russia, two in_Iceland, sovoral Ih Sweden, Norway, Spain, Tortugal, Tealy, anid Ghrocco innumerablo voyages to tho Canury Ieles, tho Weat Indics, Nadoria, ote.; and, to unse his own words, ‘‘othor excur- sions which it would be usoless to eunmor- alo.' Mo had nesoclated in overy capitnl in Burope with all thet i, or was, most eminent for rank, birth, genus, wit, loarming, and nccom- plishinont, Ilo conld call ovory leading stalos- man of the United States, and overy Prosidont, for tho kust half._contury his friond. * In his pro- fossional capacity, bosides n long liet of royal and priucels pationts, ho hnd the honor and doop vosponsibility of proncyibing for six Primo Mine isters of Lngland, besides Chancellows of the Exchequer, Beeretaries of Slato, Presidents of tho Couuneil, Ohief Justices, and Lord Chan- collors. Veliemont remonstrances wero addressed to him on tho first appearancs of his ** Recollec- tionn,” 1o was romunided thut ho could prota- bly account in the rimplest manuner for what has Lithorto aeomed unaccountable,—why one of his Tromioz-patients wroto that smpudont lettor which fell among his pasty like n bomb-gholl ; why avollier mada that angry spoech whioh pre- cipitated tho downfall of his Governmont, Was it, ho wag asked, slmply bacauso thewr * guide, philosophor, eud doctor” was nok called in a lit: tlo sooner—because tho blus pill or oolelichum way ndministerod too late 2 But Sir Honry dies aud inalkes no pign. Lhoro aro only two or throo ingtancoy in which ho Lins in tho slightest degreo doparted fiow his provoking, althongl, wo must admie, highly creditable, reserve. 1lo’ Lefls s thnt when he was in attendanco on Canning, at Chonwick, in Auguat, 1827, tho dying statesman onid toliim: L havo stinggled ngainst this lomg:, bat it hag conquercd mo at last.” That Canning’s vdeath waa accolorated by fitieal “worry and oxciwability i koown, **Having occasion to call _on Lord Liverpool 'in tho preceding Feb- Tuaty, ho (Lord Livorpool) begzod me to feol his pulse, tho fitst time I had evor dono so." His Lordship's sinto waa such ns to induce an immodinto nppeal to his medical advisers, and tlio very next morning his positical lifo was closed by o paralytie streito, * Iis pulye alone hnd givon mo cnase for alarm; but thors woro ouo or two \)nm.n;:ch in hnlf an hour's conver: tion no foreibly oxpressing tho harrassing auxio- tics of his position, that Leanld hardly dinsaci- ace them from tho ovont which thus” instantly followed.” Thore is n striking remiaiscence of Lord Paltorston : **1 hnve seen him undera fit of gout, which would have sent other men groaning to their couches, continuo s work of reading or viril- ing on public businesn almost without nbate~ mont, mnid the chaos of papers which covoered tho floor ag well au the tables of his room.” Thore is only ono consultation, if it ean ba called one, which Sir Henry was tompted to bo- tray, It was his boing ntked by Ali Pasha whother ho kuow of any poison, whish, pub_on tho mautiipieco of » pipe or givon in coffee, night slowly and silently kill, leaving no noto belind. ¢ Tho instant nid uhort nuswor I gavo, that, a8 a phyeiciaa, I had studied how to save Tire, not o destroy it, was probably, an I judged from his_face, faithfully translatad to bim. 1le ted the subjeet abruptly, never to return to 'I'hero in a ntory that when lis engagement to his second wifo, Sydney Smith's duughtor, was mado known in 1834, Tady Tlolnd asked Sydnoy Smith whether Sabu was nol golng to riarry on apoihecary, or someling of that sort, and that tho answor wag, *Yos, Lut ho hap- pens to bo n nnmesake of your This is v vozeible, for wo learn from tho Itecol- 14 thai ho becamo freo of lolland Houso and Luudulowne Iouso soon after bis roturn to Englad in 1814, Bat ho wus not made o Liavonet until 1853, nud wo have grounds for belioving her roported threat (thoitgh ho szid Lo never heard of it), that he should nover:os foot in Holland IHoase agamn if he brought n rival Lady lolland into tho fleld, In tho sun- merof 1314 Lo eccepted tho appointinent of Domestio Modical Attendant on_Coroline, Prine cozn of Walos, (arterwards Quean), on an ongasto- ment to nccompany her on her travels, ".“Tum,v with hor dwming tiw first yoar of her intended donce o tho Continent. 1o saw a great many i and camo inlo colitmet with u great mauy remerkahlo peoplo while ho remained with her, but ho"teils us noxt to nothing uf them which might not bo proclsimed a5 Channg-Crors, and, indeed, he fairly warasus, to prevent dinsappointinant: % I have nover beon o prsoticed relutor of ancedotos, and da not pre- totd thus Iate fn life to tuke up that chory e ifor Royal Higlmess must havo paid him tho compliment of beng singularly pradont and re- sorvod 10 his company, for whon ho was ealled B8 nwitnoss for the defoneo at hor trinl, he posi- tivoly stated that o had scen nothing impropor or derogatory in lior bobavior towaids Borgum or any otiror porson at any tunoe # An erroncous report which, had it been truo, might have embarvassed me, I was onnblod at onco to put auldo by o kimplo and explit de- 1t was that he had spoloir disud- vantageatwly of Her Majesty, * Inciudipg tho oxwmunation in chiol by my friond (altorwapdy Cluer Justico) Tindal,—tho crors-examination Ly the Solleitor-Genoral, afterwerds Lord Lvnd- Liwat,—axd that by soveral Paoun who quastion- cd ma in sequel (Lord I 10 Wil ono of Lhom), I wap not detained more than cno hour at tho Ty of the Iouse, and enconntored no difienlty which T was not propaved fuisly to maot, Lo or threo congratulatory noles from oers camo to me imwcdintely ufter tho oxnmination bad closed,” ‘I'o givo noma Iden of tho porsonal anxlotlen croated bf’ this trial, ho mentions that duving its progress ho wos valled upon to koo s pationts threo Indies summoncd ug wituessos, and made ill by their approlicnsions: # Oue of thom ouly as oxuminod, but thin In o way to justify lLor Loura, 1 ean niflem, notwithstanding one sceno in o Houeo of Loids, that the Quecn harmolf way tha person least oxcited or ni¥ested by tho pro- ceodings,” b On the mumouncement of his follura to kill oithicr of n byuce of phcusants that hud rison within casy rangs ot Comboe TFloray, “ydney Smith nsked why lo did not preseribe for thom.. o rofuto this story, which was cor- tuinly tokl by Byduoy Hwmilly hiwself, ho, in hin ¥ Regolloctions,” “sayu: ¢ T can ovou unf- flrm, though witbout boasting aof it, that T have novor firedd & gun or piztol in my lile, oither s sportsman or I any other énpaci ty" Onco, on his mmking tho sumo stato- mout uh u uinner tablo, it was snggentod that Lo would have betn lrlu(-cd ab o disndvantnge if, liko tho doctor in * Derogrine Pioklo, lio Il boon obliged to fight o duel. Oue of the porty romarkou: **Novnt all; i 8ie Hoary hud the vhoica of wrms, o might chooso {ho same 04 tho twoe Lieach doctors, who agreed to bavo two pilly pilvored over 8u ab to look exactly allito, one of Lrond aud one of deadly peison, \vlllcfn. altor tossing up for first ohoive, thoy wero Lo swallow at & signal, Thia mode of ditol Linn also tho marlied recominondation that, whate iwnr‘llm rosult, thoro {s sure to o a dodior tho css," ITa was ongaged {n hot_avpument with Dobus Bmith, an ox-Advocate-Gonornl, tonching tho movity of tholr respectivo professions, **You will admit," kald Holland, * that your profession doen uot maka angotn of men," * No," ratortod Dobus; *thero you have the best of 'it, Yours cortainly glvos then tho best chance,"” Buneho Panza's short tonure of liu Govorn- ment was embittorod by the attondanco nt suppor of hiu Btato physlofan, who waved s wand us n Bignal to the major-dowo to romove untasied every aavory dish in succossion, for foar hiy Lxcolloncy’s’ fnvaluablo health should suffor from oxvoss. Thisisa duty which Sir Honry lolland wonld have discharged roluclantly and - inoficiontly, Towards tho conclu- sion of an oxcellent dinnor, sftor, in fuct, oatlng and_driuking moro (hun' was rood for “bim—T.od Molbourno was in lie datly habit of, as hio oxprosacd it, topping "Y " willi {onsted choose nnd orango brandy, Tho yoar beforo ho died, s friond wio way nb Brockot when Sir IHonry Hollad coma down and ntayed to dinner, callod his nttention to this hubt aw o fair case for modical Intorforonce, “1 shall cortatnly keep it in miud,” was Ius roply ; “but, it mado any direot reforence lo what I snw ot dinnorynone of my patients world over ask me to dino with tham agnin, and most of _thom would leave ol consulting me.” Lokt it bo remembor- od that this was said by nman of excoliont seuse and known liberallty, who might hwvo ma- tm’lnllly inoroaged his professional Incomo bind ho thought iit, A littlo oxnggerating Bir Honry's light aquip- montns o teavolor, Byduey Swmith used to vay that ho started for his two mounths’ towrs with o box of pills in one pocket, nml a clonn shirt in tho othor, vceasionnlly forgate ting tho shirt. Corlnin it is, o3 all who huvo fallon in with him by 8- or land will nttest, thub he mighit bo soon tu all climates, in the Arctic regions or the tropics, on tho prairies or the pyramids, in procinely tho ssme attire—the blacl dress cont fn which lio hutted from houso to houso in Mayfair, Yot ho never had o seilous illuess till biy last, 'hero was not n day, proha- Lly not an hour, whon ho could not boast vt Lhe mana pans in corpore sauo; and without lend- neha or leartacho, e attained the extraordinary ago of 86, _— HERE LET ME REST. Here ot mo reat, whoro the bright sun is shining, And sit neath the branches that gently do wave, Aud lixt to tho dirgo of tho vad sen replning 3 horo Jet mo rest, dnrliug, ciose by thy grave, Ihave d\'fllldurk‘d afur, bul the world liss seuined rcary, O'er it onntains anil valleyn, and Arabla tho Dlest ; Thave ealled o'or wild mniny, aud now, lona and weaty, Tcomo to ihy grave, Oh 1 here lot 1o rest, Wenry, my darling, with long yeara of walting, EVor trila to our Yows, our tirat love T Keeys's 2'vo bon deud (0 tho world, Lo its partings und meot- inge, To ity Joye, to its sorrowa § ahl here letjmo sleop, Wit was thin that T heard whilo, enfolded in slimber, Llny on'tho grave whers my darling was iald 7 Thera wey yatliered . aroundt ino u throug of vast numbey, And umong them my derling was you, still a mald, Then you kuelt by my side, nd called mo your dariing, Aud sald you had coma £0 drive Forrow away : Then you bado me ardie, stud no more, a3 a wtatling, Ttpicat tha same falo agatn dny after day, Yon bado mo go jolu i Life's love sud Lit's lubor, ' comfort o weary, (o belp the oppreseed, To think less of myself, o Lhink tnore uf my neighbor, o ltys to 4o £90d, end 1 tais {o find rost, Yes, hero will T rest, And, when Lifo's lifal fover 16 ovor, 'l ol tlice, to part nevermare, il ceaso from my wand'ugs; du wmy dresm s be- over, Tl seck to strew blcesings through lifo evermore, No more will T tutn from this }ife und its lbor, Nomora will I sy that my )ifo fs unblent ; ‘The luh\'u I bear theo shail Lienceforth sorve my nefghe or y Tn loviug and serving henceforth will I rest, J. T\ Crane, R . A Reminicence of ¢avarni, Tho London Daily News thus gossipa about a celebrated carleaturist : Shortly aftor tho rovolution of Fabruary, *48, thero came to sojourn mnong ua for a senson ono of thie moat renowned among Fronch axtists —n gracoful, facilo draughtsman, tho pungoncy of whoeo antira was nover marred by ill-nature, tho richuess of whouo humor nevor degonerated wto grogsnosy. This was tho famous Paul Chovalior, botter Lnown both m this coun- try and abrond undor Nis peeudonym of Guyarni, Ho was, in private, a quiot, modest, philosophic kind of man, someswhat shy, and altogothier that which tho world calls odd.” Ho toos kindly cnough fo our ways, and mado muny frionds among distinguished Englishmon ; buc it was with difliculty that lie could bo per: suaded to nequiro oven tho rudimenta of our lungungo, and when lo returncd to ¥ranco ho wag not probably master of half s dozon phrases of Buglish. Yot with ono of our institutions lio was intimately acquaint- ed, nud for it ho profoseed unbounded ad- mitntion. o had at ono timo lodgings bard by tho Strand, and it was his custom in tho aftor- noon to quit his woodblocks and lithographic stones and ropnir to o quaine litile old public houo on tho hamos Lank, much frequented by conlhieavers, A [riond found him oucoe in tho taproom of this sequesterod hostelry, tranquilly puling at his clgarotte aad dri:filug bottled stout, surrounded by the gigantic mex with the fantuil bats, tio nukicjack boots, aud tho highly carboaized countenauces. o thin vory samo riversido **public " Qeorge Cruikshank, oddly enough, used to go many years before, to study tho costumos aund phyeiognomics of the ‘*coalies;" but Gavarni had no such artistic in- tont, 1lo had stumbled on the place by nc- cident, and ho ugcd to say that his 1rionds of the laproom woro tho only persony ho had mot by whom e was not ennuye, 1o did not under- stand o word they said; still ho was on the most amicable terms with the giants in the Lnoc-shorts, who treated him with & grave and diguitied couttosy, caling hibm ‘“the ossoo,” amd allowing Lim to participnio fn nll the rites and myeteries of coallieaving mnsonry. Nor did ho disdain, upon occation, to drink from tho mighty pot of bocr as it wan passed round, stipu- lating'that (rom time to timo ho should ba wl- lowoed to “stand " a pot to tho gentlemen of the fantarls and anklojacks ; but, as's rulo, Gavarni stuck to lis stout. granted all tho good qualitios of “le porter-biere” and **l'affavaf,"” Lut ho awarded tho palm of supremucy to * lo stoot,” which ho docltred to bo ** une nourriture saing ot fortifinn’o,"—thus unconsciously on- doring tho opinion’ of Euglish cnthusinsts of malt at:d bops, who assort that stout is **moat aud drink in ono.” e ST Adventure with Crutadn Wolvos, From the Hoston, Tranceript, Aleng the Jine of the CGramd Trunk Raflrond, botweon tho Island Pond stntion and the French Yillage of Conticook, in Cnonda, n distanco of 14 milen, tho country iy an almoat unbroken foreur, and wild animals nro froquontly seen hestde tho rond ktaring In wonder nt tho parsing traing, whila doer, foxes, lynxes, and wolyes ofton hound noroxs tho rails in front of tha loco- motive, Bomo years sineo tho lubter znimals woro vomarkably plonty, somotimes apposring in droves of a dozon or Lwenty. Ono ovening, lato in tho autumn, a young man hindl ocension to pass along this lonesome wui' on toot, aud had not necomvlishied more than half the distance whon ho heard & orackling in the bushes at tho side of tho treo’s, denoting Lhe presenco of somo wild anitcal. Thinking to frighten tho erontuvo ho threw a stono towards tho place whoro iv appeared to o, Lhis wasan- awored by n howl from the wolf, for such it was, and what added to tho discomfort of tho situntion various other howls were ochoed and ro-cohioed 5 Dy wolves from atl sides, and thoy soon bogan to oloso in _around - tho now ihoronghly frightoned man, who started on nrun, but war toon obliged to slncken hiu paco’irom shoor oxbausion, Although the [mol: of wolyos now numberad abont twonty, hoy utill for somo ronsou fuiled to attack him, but ewrronndod him nt o disfance of o fow nucos, each moment growlug bolder and holder, n lis desperationlio pickod up stonos and throw toward them, nt whieh thoy would seattor for o briof period, sod Lo would mako snothor eftort to escapo them, which, however, would })m\'n uselogs, for ns soon s he turned to run hey \mul«lnfimn surronnd him, and the only mothod by whiel ke could koop thont ab bay was to keep up tho shower of missilos, shouting ab tha top of his voica. Dut ovon this resourca was fast failing him, ns ho was well nigh oxbaustedand rondy to drop with Iatiguo nnd fiight, whon suddonly unexpected assistanco arvdvod, 1o heawd wfar off & Jow rumblo, aud kuow that a teain was ap proaching. Could ho ouly hold his florco oneimnoy ut buy until its nerival ho felt thut o would bo vafe, 1o redoulled bis efforts, and #aon the rumble of tho traln grow louder, aud tho headlight of tho facomotivo appeaved aroutid & ourvo, Tho hunted man now give up tho unaqual contest with {Lie ravngo brutes, and, Tacitig tho appronching trafn, throw up his nem and_concentratod all hin energlon in o lond eall for holp, which wis hoard above the ratile of tho envs, ‘Tho engineer whistied * Down breaks," the train camo to v standshill, and the poor fol- low, mora dead than allve, climbed juto the cab of tho engino and fainted, and it wan only aftor the rrival at tho noxt station that ho was able to veluto his toreible oxporience, CHLOROFORM AND THE CLERGY. Pain and Anmsthetien Ethically Cone tldered, From ths Golden Age, As o largo nroportion of physical paln han beon made optional, it s worlh whilo consider- ing whothor physies! suforing is in any degreo a partof the cosmical plang or whothor hunanity may not lead its own captlvity eaptive, and put puin undar the daminion of the will, Iknow thut old theologians have considered paln &4 nkind of physicat conneionce, the pro- tost of Noture againat hor dinobodient childron, But, if go, it {8 a very dull and partial ono; and not in any caso to bo relied on, For the trans- greenton of Nntura's manifest orders vomolimes glves plensuro at tho time, inatead of vaing and, agaiu, tho uncasmers Is oflen quite unlntolligi- ble, a mere unlocated discomfort, whils it s very seldom proportionale to tho netual dangor; n toothacho or a corn glving favmore anguish than {ho begmnings of mauy fatnl discasos, This idon that pain is punitivo, a kind of ox- plation for sius ageinat tho body, has no element of justico In it ; no Lo individuala pay the samo nmount of suiforing for tho sumo excesn ; nor docs the sin and the safforing boar any propor- tionablo ratio. Surely (for Inutance) tho vanity or nceidont of n tight shoo, o tho noglect of the tun‘fll-hmuh. do not morit tho nmount of anguish which fn many oasos is sufiiciont to atono for n capltal erimo. And if pain ia not punitive, noither is it pro- ventlve, “Itiun standing paradox in morals that o given nmount of pleasnre alluces far moro than the samo amount of suffering dotors,’ Cartainly one wonld expect that tonst and wator would bo tho ordiuary dict of the man who lind ouco falt tho rack aud toreuro of tha gout. Iut as o matter of fact, we know that flevh and winen aro templations ho goes with « kind of gay dar- {og hall-way to meet. The tapidity with whicii Ppuin 18 forgotton and its toachings ignored, is one of thote inyatories that neither doctors of divinity nor doctors of medicine can solve, Audif pain Is not punitive nor proventive, nelthor i it Inntructive, Agony servos no moral purnose. Enduranco moy be eultivated, but it 3 only eultivated ingonutbility, 'Ll roal viviues, witch a0 faith, paticnco, &e., aro always potfect'in thoir diwriy, aud nro the growth of more heavouly inflvoncos. Tho one nbsorbing focheg in grent suiforing 18 suptemoly olfish ; it 1 oy iutonso longing for enso and rost. T'p etmyly endirais & very low ideal of humanity. Beaten often show iniinitely more onduranco than mav ; end tho slill which evades pain is a greator trinmph_than the enduranes whieh ne- cepts it, : dhis s not o special ethio of the uineteenth century. Tho henler of men, the subducr of puin, whethor it bay boen mon'or medicine, s always rocelved gratoful houors. Dofors’ Lhio dnwi of organie’ chomistry, {hero were hold apirits who rought out thé dreamless, painless slucp of auruntlioticn. Prof, Stmpson and Dr. Havw rueta Dioscoridrs, Apuliens, Pliny, and othiera tu prove that in tho root of mandralo the aufforcrs of 2,000 yoars ago found a perfect oblivion, InGian hemp was alto known to Greoks, Romans, aud Seythinns ss capable of excitig a delirinm of Joy into which neither pain nor grict could come'; and Dr, Roylo sugrosts thut this plant was the femogs Neponihed of which Homor weites, For Uelen, who gives it to Lolemachus, is said to have proeurod 1t from # Turypting Theboa,” and to this day * Bang,” whiicd 1 o propavution of it, Is used all through Nurthera Afric Iu Indin and Lontorn Asia its use is atill uni- versal,and 230 B, C., Floa, though a Chineso phy- sielnn, knew its anwsthetie qualities, aud usod it in surgieal operationn with nuceoss, Englich pliveicians way, howover, that its mflusucs over urapenns in much elighiter than over Oriontals, who brecomo asily eatuleptio under ita power., Sir Lawphrey Davy, in A, D, 1800, guve the world its firat hint of its prosont porfect nnros- thetic. Aud hind it been thon followsd up, puin would have bowed to Intellect at tho begiuing of this eentury, But it wasnot £l 1516 that Horaco Wolls, o dentist of Hartford, Conn,, showed tho practicability of Davy's discovory, For wanb of perseverance, ho failod to make 2024 his claim, and Mozton, hin pupil and part- ner, reaped tho honor whiel he tind sown. Though opposed at first, chloroform, in spito of disagrecing_doctors, was wasmly and rapidly indorzed by tho publie, Profs,” Miller and Byme, after thorouglly tesling il, announced tho discovery to their clasges with nu enthusinam thut was geuerous and honorable in the extreme, “Tiojoice! rejoice!” thay oried, A glorious conquest has been won for humanity," DBut in ¢ hour tho mout vivid imagination saw oniv one-half iis blessiugs. It Lind nat then ontered into tho heart of any to conceivo that honcolorward the egonios of child-birth wers optionul, and that tho rangy of matornity mighs now be turned into n dreamloss slech whoso awakoning should find.tho hopes of months o clasped reality. Lrof. Simpson, of Edinburgh, has the glory of this most humano and dariug ‘sxperimant, * o found women of socinl standing ready to trust hiw, and willing to rigkk ihe condemuation so liberally bestowed onthem by the narrow-minded moralist and smell ductoza of tho day. ‘This was in Novembes 37, 1o wny imwediately assailed with denunciations, ex cathedra, and tlho opposi- tion then inaugurafed is yet far from being over- come, it being 1eally incrodible how many women :uluulmrily suffer” whoro suforing is now op- tonal. It iu oxtromely characteristic to observo that tho oppasition Lo Lho nso of chloroform in child- bivth ¢.mes aimost entirelv from men, Lhey Tave porsonally no objoction to take it whi tleir own teetls are to be drawn or their broken limba ronct ; but their souko of right and wiong is fearfully outraged if womon, in the throos of tho greatesl angutih mostality'can Lnow, saoks the uid of the aysuager of sullering which scicuce has proyidodl, Dra, Molgs and Ramsbotham hava madothiom- selves forvemost in this iauly argumont, and T propozo shiortly to notica thair mont prominent othical objostions—furthe physical oues oxpe-~ rionce Lias aliondy overwhelmingly overthrown, it being now fully proved that chioroform 1s not ouly harmloes but evou nbsolutely advautageous in child-bizth, * Inin," says Dr, Meigs, ** i3 o most dosivablo, ealutury, and coueervative manifenlation of life- forco, tiudl £hould not, thereforo, Lo anuuiled,” Bus corteinty, then, (ho sama aigument would liold gdod ut every sufforer's beaside (imalo or fawala), and the physician who gives landanum o: apium in nenio wufioring would bha oqually with tho one-who gave chloroforin in {d-bitth. 1r this principlo woro fuithtully iedd ont, it would bo wrong to put ereosoto in o decaving tooth, beeauno tho tortures of deeny are Natura's * mnniiostations of lfe-foree,” Agnin ; ho s o {0 mako & women Ingensi- blo by ehlarofytm is veally (o mako lior * drunk and incapublo,” and that wny puro, high-minded woman woukl prefer physienl agony to mental and morn! degridation. 'L wso a vitlgar Lenism, Wit i3 sauce for tho gooso is alsu sauca for the gauder,” and, if wo, then wlhat dispensation huve mon to cxeapa the enmo moral dograda- tion 7 And i it really moro wiched for womon to nunul tho pains of child-birih than it i3 for thom to Lecomo inseustbla diring suvgical oper- ations common to both sexes ? Lamsbotham says that to destroy consciony- nees is to unniliilate for a timo tho proudest_and choicest chavactoiistics of llmnnnil{)'. Very grand words, Indoed, Lut the truth s that physiciany hiave been dofng this thing for ean- uries with mandruiio, landanuny, ete, And evon Nutwre is here equally guilly, for it -is in un- conseiounness tho wighity renows our strongil, and whon the agonies of phymeal suftozing b coma intoloraklo ¢ho invaciably throws the patio st Into un insensible condition. Nay, the Urentor, when he wonld porform that wondortnl operation recorded in Clpu, i, 81, throw Adam ‘" into & deepaleop " Lo avoid unnceesuury sullers . 'I'ne last avgument, and the ono which has I!mlmbly intinenced women tho most, Lns boen hurled from tho pulpit, Many a revorand clor- gyman - has nsserted that to ramove labor-paing way un-Seviptural and ircoligions; and trail, Londor-conueionced women tcokly submittod to tho narcow, bigoted dietum which condemned them to ngony unnllovinted. ‘I'ho intoneo solilzhnoss of man was naver so shamelully exemplifiod, Liko the old women who got hor living by ekinning ools, and who ar- rived, at the oud of ton yeurs, ai tho conclusion that “they had got used Lo it," s0 men laving no selllsh fnteroat in tho diminution of ehitd-bod pomm woro cortain thot after ko nuny hundrods of yenrs womon had got used to "i atd oven fattor themrolves thas it had bocoma ** tho ploas- ing pain which women bear," 1t is (.il'nl!('ihg, however, to record that tho great amd good Dr. Chalmens stood ** shoutdor to shoulder™ wiih Lrof, Bimpsou, and ndvised that such *wsmall theologinns " should not Lo heeded, All ggroat disoovoriod have hal to run a gaunt Iob of popular fanaticlum, ven Dr, Huwle: condeinned vaeeluntion, 4 Bmall-poz,” bo waid, * wan heayen-ordwined, bub cow-pox way & dnting and profunc violation of our holy ro- Jigion,” “When winnowing machlues wore flvst invented, thore were roligions funtios who first turned from tho communion-tuble thoso who Itroveroutly used what thoy called * tho dovil's wind; " and 8o, though obloroform hns not come 18 n mupornatural rovelation—though it wan discoverad on Juat tho wama lovol nn noy mothady for dyoing or bloaching culico~thougly no anzol ha wpoken nor no prophot browht with Apociul menengo—thotiels theto I nothiug aublimo in findinz oblivion in o pockot-huuds kerchlaf, nor olavating in inbnling iv thraugh nn Indin-rubbor tubo—yot none the lesws haw hne manity rocoived n “most stupendous * {ndule gonco,” o most divino amelioration of ity yo- vorest suffering. No ono can deny that men hnve shown n most selfinh deniro to monopolizo thin henoficent din- covory; and women, onsily alarmed when tha terrihlo words * irraligion " and * unfemining " aro usod, hns hardly dared to clafin her poction of exemption, Htil I licliove a fow yenr: will ‘geo the patus of matornity a radition, and the ery of tho woman, in travail will bo lost in the %o Doum " of n comforted and assuaped womanhood, whilo * anmstlioties will eventunlly control il forms of bodily snffering, no matler whaoro pituatod.” Mg, AMELIA B. Daun, New Yons, Nov, 21, 1872, —_— CONTRAST. "T'van hiero T sfond {his morning, when the ann Darlied up high tidos of light oler darkeomo aky ; Here, with my 1ife so desolats and undone, W wero tho anddent pair in life,—~my hoart and T, "Twan hoto T stond to-niiht, whon Feavon came down, Al T wan waliored thiriigh the gotos of bilss T acorn to-day a very angel's crown, It barterad for such bicascdncss as thfs, Tliin morning, wrung with weaping in tio ight, Ay hcart, turned whito with Iepraty- of pain ; Aud, ero tho shadawn lengthened info niaht, 1 wonderod what could take me weop agnin, 1 lova you,” enught to i it blest anrprl Olt, meotest a1 O, Nuprdost workd 1 1 big. Tlova yau, Invo, y JoyTul Aol roplias ; Of ft Gol's iappy earts, mino fn mast Weat to.day, I3 ; OuioAao, November, 1873, gl — The Pope Satirleals Dishop Forrotlo Lelln tho following story of the visit of I'ops Pius IX. to o Dominican rions astery: ‘‘Ono dav whilo we wero at dinner (ha alarm was suddenly spread that the Pape hind coms to pay un o visit; but before wo had timg to rise from our reats to welcomo him with the bonors duo to a Bishop at tho door of the ean- vent, tho door of tho_refectory oponed itiolf, nud in walked Pius IX. with'n fow of hix ate tondants 8o well known to us, Wo mean: Lo rigo, but he formally roquested that wo shonld remain_soated, ps he bad como to surpriea ug, and wanted” to ses us tako our rop-st, B ho romained stanuing in tho middla of tho refeciory In his white casseck and red whoos, with his bonigu and smiling counton contabulating with “us, In vain'did ho rop edly roquest us to pracced with ourdinner.. Al our attention was i tho conversation, nnd tho dishies were becoming cold, At last ho raid that, a8 wo behaved tiius, ho would go ; but, bo- fore going, ho wonld give tho bloraing to' our tablo, for, tlmu(ih wo Lad nlready given it bo- foro ho eame, e thought the addilion of his would do no harm, 8o the Dominiean liturny —different from tho Roman—was bronght to Lim, and hoat first looked puzaled, and did not know how to uso it. *You Dominicans,’ enid ho, ‘havo been always very imdo- pendent from tho Holy Seo. Tha prayor-iok thut is good onough for other Catholics, and for tho Topo himsolf, Ts not gand enonah fer yous you must lievo your awn. Sovernl of my prodo- coators wishiod to bring o to uniformity, I nt conld not; vou had to bo let have your way, lito spoilod clulitron. I cannot hopo to bo more suc- cessful than Lhoy ; and so tho Popo will have to F‘Hy by your prayer-book, us you won't pruy by hig, Bututill, in using it, Twill put_somothing in it that you will not like. At tho time of yonr great quarrels with the Francisean Ordsr nbout * tho ~ Immaculalo Coneeption, {ho Frauciseas, however inconscd ageinst you, felt the noed of something that shounld warn them agninst tho dunger of letting {heu- logical’ fury ovorrnil overy othor paswion i £id 80, at tho end of tholr lituray for the bloskings ol tlio tnblo, Lhoy added thetd words, * * Ging is love, and Lo who dywellath inlovo dwelleth in Godand Golin him.'' Ever since that tiio they hnvo rend that sontonce aflor tho blessing of tho dinners but you, Dominlcans, nover would hear of nny such thing. ‘Po-dny, how- evor, you rhall liear it in spito of yoniselves. Ifaving seid this in o jocoxs way, nad with many other dotails which oxcitod our mery mont, ho began_{o road tho , litwrgs, wo giving the reaponses. When it was over, “And now 1 come to it," yaid he, and, with an carnestness of look and emphasin OF pronunciation purportupy that be waus intlicting upon our unwilling eary tho sovorest torture, ho added : ¢ God ia cliwity, and who dwelleth in charity dwelloth in God and God in lum.' Piug thon went to our garden, aud, after our dinnor was over, wo met lim there. Wo showed him our grounds nnd relicy of our antiquities, and escorted him Lo tho door of our_convent,’ whoro hio gavo us his lund {o kign nnd his bonedietion, Lo othor Dominicns —thoso who d not observe the 1ulo,—an to the clergy in goneral, ho gave uot his hund, Dbut lis foot to lkies, the latter boing tho strict otiquotte of the I'apul Court,—an ctiquetta with which tho present DPope disponsca moro or less with thoso whom ho considers as earncst and sincore men. When he had gono, I expressed iy opinion to the other Dominicans that, in momory of the vimt of Piug, tho voro of Seripturo which hio had o gracefully ndded to our liturgy should bo added to it permancntiv. Duat my propousl was decidedly resisted, and T found that I was probably the culy one that had thoroughly enjoyed and undorstood the wit and good-naturedness of Tio Nono's littlo Dit of Chinstinn sufire ngainst us, o Tyrolcse Elouscetottoes. And thoro on the house-front, whather it be in villago, town, or mountuin valloy, you may rend BOmMO pious prayer, or pithy sentence, ar worldly- wiso saw carved in quamt Gorman for tho edifi- cation of thoso who pass by, Tho same thing s comnion in Syitzerland and in many parts of Gormnny., Dut our business now is with tha Tyroleso ingeriptions, More than one colloction of theso has Licen made and publishod by nativa Tyroleso. Dut I havomst wilh no volume in which _tho fukciiptionn are olassifiod or com. mented on, They aro simply jotted down liter- adly, 82 ono might writo theni in one's noto-oolk, But ovon Lhus%nrcfly and simply prosouted, thoy aro full of mtorost for the obsoryer of uational manners and characteristica. ‘Choy are grad- waily and not vory slowly dineppeating. If by timo or accident « molto lLecomes effaced, it iy searcely ovor roplaced Dby tho owner of the house.” Such things sro old-fashionod—zopfg, as tho Germans bavo ib (that is to 6y, litorally, piglailich, on ression to whicl our *squara-toed”’ may answer), aud fow por- sons choozo to bravo tho ridieule of their modern-minded neighbors b{‘ cnvving again the old inseriplion, with its rude spelling und an- tiqua phrase. ~ The inscriptions dedicuting the houge to God, to the Virgin, or to somo favorito snint, nro naturally the most numorons, ‘Thoy frequiently consist of but {wo lines roughly rhymed, = Sometimes thoy extend to four or ovon six lincy, ~ In thoe followinz translations caro hng been taken to givo the meusure ot the Jinow, which, aa will ba scon, is frequontly halt~ ing nnd unsymmotrical, nnd’ to presorvo, ay far an possiblo, the rudo, unsophiriicated simplicity of Lho origiual, ‘Luko thisono from Jochborgs The Tord this dwelliuz by about, And bless ull who go fu and out, Another; Motlier of God, with gracious arm Troteet our Leasts aud us f2om harm. Ilero tho sugplication for tho cattlo—who o, it will o onsorved, put Leforo the inhnbitants of tho honse—wponicy o8 oloquently ns n long do- seiption could do of (ho pastoral charaster of the country; of greon Alp pasiures, snd tho Impartance to the peasant of his milky herd. Il travolors in the Wyrol will romomber to have seon images of St. Torian on many o Ingo houso and above many a village weil. Tha Intter, Indead, is n favorits position for tho fig- uro of tho maint, iy capecial voestion is to ward off fre from dwollizg-lonses, or to exlin- paish it shoald it broak oul. In a country whare o large o proportion of the dwellings ia bullt of wood, fire is u froquont and tarribla And consequontly the good offlces of lorinn aro in very gouoral raquest. ‘Lhera stands tho Little woodon imago, paluted In fiar- ing colors, aud, if possiblo, pilded into thu Largalu, sbovo tho cool woll, and looks down majastically upon genoration nitor gonoration of vitligo damiols washing or drawing wator, 8t, Florian is represonted ns o warrlor, with sword and helmet, “und searlot drapecy, and cheoks almost a nearlot, and u black _truenlont-looking beard, Olten lio s painted in fresco, on & Twwso-front, in tho act of pouring u bucket of wator over n buraing honze—which Loueo is usnlly veprosonted na reaching up to the calf of hiy log, or thoreabouts,—Cornlill Magazine, et flolland NMouse, Mr, Iayward, in his avtiole on Princess Lich- tonatoin's ¢ [lolland 1fonse,” in the current nme Bar of tho Quarteriy, saya that tliono Hnes wera abratehed by Hookham Froro on n window pano at Mollnud House, and may still bo seon : My noither firu desfray nor wasto npatr, Nor ime consune thow Hll the twentieth lielr s 3Lay tasta verpect thvo nnd may fuxhion rpare, It will bo soen that for eleganco and compros- slon the lues are very oxcellont. Whon Rogory €aw (hem ho gaids *T wonder whoro Lo got tho diamoud !