Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 23, 1873, Page 4

LURSDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1873. 4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TERNS OF onapTIOn (raTA SO0 iy Darla of 8 year at tho same rato, ‘To provont dolay aml mistakos, bo sure and give Poat OL:co addrosa in full, Including Stato and County, Remittancon may ho made oithar bydrl pross, Post ‘Ofioo o1doer, or in rogistorod lotiors, al ouy risk, TERMS TO OITY AUBACKIDERS, i Dails, delivorod, Bundny oxcoptod, % conte por wonk, Daily, aclivored, Bunduy included, 30 conts por wook. ddross TIE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘Oorner Madison aud Dearborn-sts,, Chlcago, IIl, TO.DAY'S AMUSEMENTS, V' R, 'HEATR E~Madison streot, botwesn mon, ** Maoboth,™ HOOLLY'S THEATR! Olark and Latatlo, ¢*Hons MUSIO—Halstod afroet, botwoon Mad- A Rorvow, Tnsgbarontor Certorcs LG avine Ml ow Magdajon. g MY! ' OPERA-HOUSK=Monroo streot, betwoen pm»'fifif‘m Btate, **Funny Mokes ina ¥og."" Min. itrolsy and camicalities. andolph atroot, botsoon 'RE—Danplainos straot, botwoon Mad. R AR o Vg orne. **Four Ubristmas Nights," INTER-STATE EXPOSITION-Inke-Shore, foot of Adams stiost, ® NGREGATIONAT, CNOROH— Loatiro by Wang O op oa + Ghtsoas Hs(ors KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSKUM-148 Bouth Olark- . Bclenco and Art, BUSINESS NOTICES. FLRGANT FURNITURE AND HOUSRHOLD innn, at auction. this wmoruin 0, Rl T ioligaocaves “WILLLD, LORS HELOWE BAIR DYE, TIiI8 SPLENDID l}l’rAl‘l‘;e'l‘ll tllfi bost in the world. 0 only truo and por lect dyo. Harmles llable, and fnstantanoous; nodisap- olntmont ; no ridienlous tints or unploasant pdor. Remo« ilnu the 111 offocts of bad dycs and washes, Produces inie mediately a suporb black or natural brown, and loaves tne 2air clonn, soft, and beautitul, Thoe gonulne, signed V. A, Hatchelor,” Bold by all druggists, CHARLES BATCHELOR, Proprivtor, N, Y. AN SBOILAACK, BTEVENSON & REID, Agcnts. ZBOT'S COMPOUND OF PURE COD LIVER O A, Ry hAt DR 1f LHIS SoApgndl orny the Binih oll fs that ho nauscating tasio of tiwoll 18 ontiroly Pomoved, and tho whole ronderod ontiroly palatabio. Tiia Sifonsive tasto of tho off hine fong notod ks & wromiuont ab- feotiou to its uso; but in this form the troublo is entlrely Biviutod, ' hostof cortifiontos might by, glvon horo tg Soxity_th tho vxollancn and snccess of *“WVilhor's Cod Eheriailand o, et "o Tao? St 1 regnlarly 4Dy tho modloal faouty is sullioloat. DI WL, Chonists oston, and by ail drugis The Chvago @“fibu.m. 'm-mradny Morning, Octobor 23, 1873, =The Fronch Assembly meets again next Wodnesday, but the motion for tho ostablishment of the Constitutional Monarehy will not be mado until Nov. G. Tntho Btokes trinl, yostorday, soveral physi- olans testitled positively that Fisk dled from the effects of narcotio drngs administered during his last illness, and not from tho wound roceived from Btokes. Tho Railrond and Warchouso Commissionara have completed all the schedules of freight and passenger rates for the ronds of this State, and they ara now in the hands of tho printers. Somo of tho alteratious made intho tariffs will bo Found in our Springfleld dispatch. Mayor Medill, on Tucedny evening last, was tho guost of the Lord Mayor of London, at a banquet given by the latter, and roplied to the toast: “The Muuicipal Institutions of Amorica.” In the courso of his specch, ho took occasion to thank ngland for tho nssistanco rendered Chicago after the fira. Mr. Shanka, the city editor of the New York Tribune, has been committed to jail fn Brooklyn for contempt of court, in refusing to disclose the namo of tho writor of an articloin thnt pa- per commenting upon tho action of one of tho Brooklyn City Judges. A writ of habeas corpus has been issned in the ease, roturnable to-day, In nine conntios of Iows, from which complete roturns havo been received, Vale's vote s 15,- 85 ; Carpenter's, 14,603 ; total, 80,488 ; Valo's majority, 1,482, In tho same countios, in 1873, Greeloy’s vote was 15,298; Grant's, 18,710; Grant's mnjority, ,472. Valo gains on Grooloy's vote 747, and Carponter loses on Graut's 4,207, Tho total voto is decreased 8,460. The Territorial Grand Jury at Yankton has brought in an indictmont of manslaughter only against P. P. Wintermuto, the banker, who killed Gen, McCook, a fow weoks ago. Tho frionds of tho deceased aro very indignant, and charge that fmpropor influonces have been brought to bear upon tho jury. Tho Court also dismisged the jury ina very uncomplimentary manner, ‘The reports from the South concerning the progress of the yellow fover pestilence are again of the most gloomy description. A warm rain at Memphis, for tho past day or two, has aggravated the fover and incrensed tho donth-rato, tho City Rogistrar and Seeretary of tho Board of Health being among tho victima yesterday, In Colum- bus, Miss., the fover has broken out in vory vio- lent form, and those who can are flying from thoclty. At soveral poiuts in Toxas, also, the mortality 18 on the incrense. The Postmostor-Genaral yesterday issned an order which is of goneral interest in this city, It increases tho number of lottor-carriers thir- teon, which givea Chicago in all 149 carrlors, and establishes five now postal stations, to be known n8 the North, Northwest, South, Southwost, and Stock-Yards stations ; and approprintes about 10,000 por annum for tho cxponses of each, ‘This substantial increase of puutfl'l facilities i ono which hns long beon needod, aud will rolieve tho main office of the pressuro upon it, bosides more thoraughly accommodating those Nving in the outskirts of the city, SN — John Bright, who was re-electod to Parlisment o fow days rinco, mado a groat speech yestordny in Birmingham, in which be reviowed the polit< ical topica of the day, Iu hisallusions to tho ro- Intions of Great Ditain and tho United States, ho onco more appearod a8 the stnunch friond und advoento of this country, Roforring to the conatant talk nbout tho humiiations of the Washington Treaty, Mr. Bright ivdulged in some plain home talk, and notified bis hoarers that the roal humilintion of England was batween tho yoars 1801 and 1865, and that, if tho press and nristooraoy of England Lad obsorved ordi- nary fairnces ab that tims, thero would Lave beon no occaslon for the troaty at all, The Chicago produce markets wore rather moro active yosterday, except in provisions, but the majority were onsior in pricos, Mess pork was dull and 10@160 per barrel lowor, at 18.00 @18.25 cash, and $12,30@12.40 sollor Docombor, Lard was loss active, and 3o por Ib lower, at T3¢ @7¥o cash, and TI{@T)c sellor January, Mouts wore quict at 03{@GJ¢o for short ribs; 634@To for short clear, and 8}@0}qo for swoot plekled hams, Highwinos were sotive and a sbada Armer, at 000 por gallon, Lalko THE CHICAGO DAILY 'RIBUN. froights woro modoratoly active, and 3o lower, oclosing at Go for <corn to Buffalo. Flour wos quleb snd unchanged. ‘Whont was losy active, and stondy on cash, which closed at #1.04, whilo 1o lowor for Novombor, olosing ot 81083, Corn was nctlvo, and o lower, closing at 8730 cash, and 8834c seller Novombor. Oats woro netivo and steady, olosing at 82340 cash or sollor Novembher. Ryo was dull aud 1o lower, at 62@0%. DBarloy was active and stoady, cloaing at §1.82 for No. 2, and $1.00 for No. 8, Hogs sold slowly at a declino of 100, closing wonk at £3.80@4.40. Tho onttlo and elioop markots wers dull and work, Tho Farmors' Convention commenced its sos- sion_yosterdny, with dologates in attondaunco from Illinols, Xows, Wisconsln, indlona, and New York. During the dsy, nothing was nc- complished boyond effecting a pormanont or- gavization by tho clection of James M, Allon, Pronidont, and 8. M. Bmith and 8! T. K. Primo, Bocrotarles, and the appoiutmont of committees. At the ovening seasion, tho quostlon of trans- portation was brought up by tho introduction of resolutions favoring tho construction of ship- caunl from the Atlantio seaboard, via tho lokes and tho Illinols and Missinsippi Rivers, to the Guif of Moxico; also, alr-lino, double-track {roight-ronds to New York City. Tho rosolu- tlons cliclled a long and epirited, but somewhat donultory, discussion, which resnlted in thelr roforonco to tho Commitleo on Rosolutions, —— Tho financiul iews this morning is of & gonoral naturo rathor than looal to Now York, whero the sltuntion romains unchauged, Tho principal ox- citomont on Wall street was the question wheth- or tho President did or did not say tbat ho was in favor of purchasing §5,000,000 in foreign ox- change and 10,000,000 moro of bonds, and intonded to draw on tho legal-tondor roserve of tho rate of £8,000,000 por wook for somo weoks to come. The Socrotary of the Tronsury insists that the Presidont did not say 80, whilo ono New York financlor, who inter~ viowed tho Prosident, nnd another, who re- ceived a lottor from him on tho subject, in- slst that Lo did, " Meonwhilo, tho Prosi- dont s thinking & gront donl about it and nying nothing, as usual. The Now York Clearing-Houso will hold & mooting to-day to consider tho subject. ‘The only othor itoms of financial intorost aro that the indebtedness of the New York banks is $14,000,000 larger than it was last yenr at this timo; that Bocrotary Richardson is in favor of jesuiog o mories of currency bonds, convortible into groonbacks and back into bonds at tho holdor's option ; that the Comptroller of the Ourroncy {s in favor of issuing $25,000,000 moro of groenbacks, and levoling up tho bank- ing capitsl with it by distribution in tho Wost nnd South, instead of taking that smount from the Eastern banks; and that tho Western Bar-Iron Association Las detormin- ed to reduce thopprice of iron, which involves tho reduction of tho wages of employes. The National Board of Trado, at its session yesterday, commenced tho serious work of the week. Tho topics presented for discussion wera the Bankruptoy Laws, the Bhipping Interest, the nocossitics for tho creation of Departments of Commerce and Trado, under tho charge of the Goneral Goyornmeont, and Transportation. The report of the Committee of the Excoutive Coun- cil on amendmenta to the Bankruptey law of 1807, was in the interest of bringing sottle- ments into the Lands of dobtors and creditors, 1t contained five recommondations: 1. The abo- lition of tho wholo system of fees and substitu- tion of fixed salaries. 2, The onlargomont of the discrotionary powers of Assignees. 8. The appointment of & committeo of oreditors {0 authorize settlements, direct sales, and audit Assigneos’ accounts, 4. Tholcomplote adminis- tration on property to devolve upon this Com- mitteo and Assignoo. 6. Tho fixing by United Btates law of property oxempt from assignment, Three resolutions were presented on the ship- ping quostion, tho frst providing for Congros- sional bounties to shipbuilders; the second, releasing from duty all articles of foreign pro- duction needed for subsistonce and uso on ves- sols; and tho third, allowing tho purchaso of tonnage wherever built or owued, aud its protection undor the American flag. The rosolutions gave xlsp to o long disoussion, which was in tho main hostile to glving suy protction to shipbuilders, and, at ity clogo, the rosolutions woro dofeated seriatim, although it is probable that tho socond and third may be reconsiderod to-dsy. The roport of tho Chairman of the Board, inclosing o draftof o bill for tho establishing of anotbor Exococutive Dopartment of the Governmont, to have charge of all mattors pertaining to commorce and nayvi- gation, was roferred back again to tho Exocu. tivo Committee, with wstructions to pross the mutter on Congress, Another roport, in favor of establishing a shmilar Department of Trade, was postponed. The last report of tho day was on Transportation, and was made the special order for this morning, The report, in sub- stanco, in in favor of Congressional provention of unjust reilvond Qizcrivunntions, nnd of plac- ing & permanent chock upon raitroad exactions by fostoring compotition by water routes,—tho seme position which waa taken by Mr. Morgan in his recont speoch, . = THE CITY TREASURER. The Staats-Zeitung bos un articlo proposing various conundrums to the City Treasurer, wante ing to know whothor Mr, Gago has paid all of tho interest on tho oity deposits into the City ‘Treasury ; whethor the city monoyis so depose dted that if it was all called forin an instant of timo It would all Lo forthcoming ; whother any of the cily monoy was used to provent bauks from tuiling duriug tho paio, oto., otc, Thero Is another conundrum which wo wish to propound to tho Staals-Zeitung, viz.: how much Intorent on ecity deposits was paid Into the City Tronsury during all tho timo that Br, Iesing was potent in city politica? Or, it that form of putting it is not satinfactory, how much intorest on city doposits wes paid into iho Troasury prior to the election of Mr, Gage? I has boon ofiloinlly staled that Mr, Uago has paid Into tho Treasury 8180,820.07 In the way of intorent on oity doposits, Ta nobt thut $130,829.07 more than was paid by all his prede- cossora put togother? Wo venturo o may that it 18 ©190,820.07 more than any Hoalng politiclan, or Mr. Iosing himsolf, would linve pald, Thero fs no Jaw requiring tho Qity Treasuror to pay one cont of inlorest Into the Prensury. Whon Mr. Gago was nomiuated four yoars ago, tho utmost offorta were unod to got somo oxpression from the oliquo that Mr, Hoslng was identifled with on the subject of paying intorest on tho olty dopoults, but in valn, Thoy ignored It in tho campalgn and dofoated 1t tho T'reasurer should havo the Intorost on tho doponits, and that hio should dlvide with thoso who woro smart onough to got any of it away from him, and that ho should bloed frecly for olection oxponsos, Boforo the Zeitung bocomios forocious on thls subjoct wo beg that it will answor anothor quostion, viz.: Did Mr, esing avor support o candidato for Clty I'rong~ urer who over paid ono cont of interest into the Tronsury? If 8o, whon? What s his name? ‘ot him out. If, ns tho Zeftung approbonds, the Financo Committeo of the Council are not eapablo of making o impartial and truthful count of tho city monay, it i optional with Mr. Hesing to go to tho City Treasury and make an invoutigation for himeolf, ‘If Lo is not satisfied with {ho showing on the sovoral bank-books kopt by Mr. Gago oxhibling the city balances, ho can mnke copics of thom and go around to tho banks and ask whethor tho balancos aro correctly stated, He can oven carry his in- vostigation to tho extont of nsking thio banks to show him the amount of currency which the oty balance calls for, It Lo is not thon satisfled Lio must bo & vory unreasonable porson. BOUTWELL ON PANICS, Mr. Vansittart, Obaucellor of Exchoquor of tho British Empiro, during o susponsion of epo- cio payments, onco introducod o resolution into Tarlinment doolaring that *tho notes of the Bauk of England aro now and nlways have beon of equnl valua with tho coln of the realm.” Not- withstanding Parlismont mas stupid onough to ndopt his resolution, ker. Vansittart has ever since heon the Inughing-stock of financiers and statesmon at hiomo and sbrond. Tho oxtracts with which wo have been favored from Mr. Boutwoll's locturo on Finaneo,” dolivered in Now York Tuesday ovening, indicato that he regards groenbacks in tho same light that Mr. Vansittart regerded tho dopro- ciatod notos of the Bank of England. This is what homust have meant when ho declared that theroisno noed of resuming speclo pay- ments, but only “to equalize the commoreial value of the paper ourroncy of tho country with colu.” Jf thisisto bo done inany other way than by resumiog speclo payments, wo prosume it must bo in Imitation of the Vansittart policy, by & reeolution of Congross! Tho pooplo who should, after this, rofuse to mell thoir property for gold and grooubacks on tho samo torms would suffer the withoring ponalty of Mr. Boutwell's indignation. Io is willing to concade something, howevor, to the insonsatedomand of somo folksthat money hall have a fixed valuo; and soliosnys that tho Govorn- mont may somo day resumo, but thatit is entire- ly impracticeablo for tho banks to do so. That is to say, it the banks redeom tholr notos in legal toudor, as thoy are now required to do, aud Goy- ornmont redoems tho logal-tender notes with coin, it would bo impracticablo for the banks to resumo specio payments! In other words, thore is' somo mysterious and metaphysi- cal obninclo which will provent the banks from sonding tho legal tonder, which ihoy hold for tho redemption of their own notes, to tho Trensury Dopartmont at ‘Washing- ton to got coin forthom, as it becomes nocessary. Theso aro tho words of wisdom which Mr. Bout- well, the ex-Secretary of the Tronsury, throws out to tho country to sob tho public mind right on the subject of tho National finances and tho rocont panio, 2. Boutwoll thinks that it is nover possible to eny whether the currency is inflated or mot. It 16, 88 Dundreary says, “ono of thoso things that no follow can be expected to underatand.” His own opinion is, that thore is not onough cur- ronoy, and ho ndvises that the Governmont printing-machine bo immediately sot to work to turn out moro greonbacks. This is precisoly tho samo thing a8 if a County Poor-Agant, finding the supply of soup running short, should issuo more soup-tickets to the paupers. Greonbacks aro of procieoly of tho samo character as soup- tickots or mill-tickots, with the differenco that they aro taken in oxchange fora groator variety of commodities, Thoro aro just ns many of those Govornmont soup-tickets in the country as thoro werebofore Jay Cooko's failure, but, ns thore is not Bo much soup a8 was gonorally Bupposoed, Mr. Boutwoll thinks that the wliolo thing can bo remedied by printing moro tickets. o doos not dream that tho tickets themselves will evor depreciate. Ho can fix that by joint resolution, If, aa Mr. Boutwoll snys, tho amount of curroncy necded by the country is o mattor of uncortain- ty, then cxporiment is the way to detor- mine it Mr, Boutwell's plan would bo to flood tho country with greenbacks, and, after this hnd boon done, there would be no bot- tor means for deciding tho question than thoro ia now. If groenbacks woro redeomablo in gola, & superabundanco would soon relieve itsolt by souding groonbacks into the Trensury for ro- demption, It greonbacks are not mow plonty onough, as Mr. Boutwell helioves, thon thero is no possible dangot in resumption, for tho Goy- ornment would not bo called upon to rodeom o singlo one of them, Mr. Boutwell makes n historical mistake in his offort to explain why the French loan sold at o higher rato than onr bonds placed upon tho mar~ ket about the samo timo. Ho sayas that tho TFrench por cont bonds were placed in the hands of bankers at 83 or 84 cents and sold- for 84 or 85 conte, whilo our bonds woro sold at par. Tho fnct is that all French loans aro offered directly from tho French Treasury, and brokors liave nothiog to do with thom, It is not aurprising that Mr. Boutwoll, whohas openly oxprossed his conviction that ¢ there {a 1o such thing as a sciencoof political economy,” should boggle over tho * balance of trado," whicl, ho snys, *has beon largoly against usfor many yoars," That is, if wo export to England $1,000 worth of whoat, nud itis exchanged thoro for 81,200 worth of woolen goods, zud is g0 on- tored on tho import roturns at the Custom- Toyse, the balanco of trado 18 ngamst us, The fact of thomattoris, that wohavemado £200profit on the trado, In this rospect, the * balance of trado” Lius alwnys beon largely ngninnt England, and this i precisoly why England has boon gotting rich out of hor trado. As tho balanco of trado Is ono of Mr. Boutwell's prinoipal canves of the panio, and In- flation of tho ocurronoy is NLis remody, it 18 idle to dinouns tho matter with him. The fuct that n man who utlers such viows as theso way for wovoral yours, and up to a very short timo singo, Hocrotary of tho Unitod Biates Trona- ury, wouhl, in tho absonco of othor causos, bo ulmost anough in iinlf to neoount for a panic. Tt appoura that all tho Hhal's tronblos, sinco ho han roturnai! to 'ehoran, havo boon occasion- od by tho rofraotory wiven whom he sont baok to hin oupltal whon ho had ronshod Bt, Iotors- burgh, Thoy havo boon tekiug swoet rovouge on tho CGruud Vizior, whom thoy first ine duced tho Blwh Lo dismiss, Afterwards in the Qommon Council. Thelr theory was that | tho CGrund Viglor wau sovallod, and thon sgain sont off - a9 GQovernor of n dia- tant province, Tho trouble fa thnt tho Shah daca not know how to govorn his country with- out the Grand Vizler, and he cortalnly ean't govern his wives with him, T'he amotnt of pot- ticont tyranuy which » mnn with bne Xantippo oxporlences in Incrennad in the enso of tho Shal, whoso misorlos dre multiplied by sovoral hun- deod. HOW ‘‘ OITIZENS ¥ ARE MANUFACTURED, Tho curious eitizon, by visiting the offlcen of 4ho Clorks of the Suporior, Cirouit, or Oriminal Courts of this county, may witnoss tho procoss by which Amorican cltizons are manufuctured. A wholesalo businestsds now golug om. It in woll that tho Olorks of theso Courts should un- dorstand that this business of . naturalization is rogulatod by Inw, and that a negloct of tho law not only vitlates the nssumod naturalization, but rondors tho officors issuing such papors liable to govoro ponaltios. Naturalization fs a judicial proccoding, and tho finding of a Court thoreon is a judgment, A Olerls cannot porform o judiclal aot, Tho appli- cation to bo admittod to oitizonship must bo mado in open court. It is not suffloont that it bo mado boforo the Olork out of court. (Sco second clause of Seo. 1, act of April 12, 1602.) Boo. 8 of tho ack of May 20, 1824, provides that tho declaration of intention to bocomo s citizon may be mndo bofore tho Olork of tho Court ; this loaves the rest of tho act of 1802 in foreo, requiring application for citizenship to bo mado and proofa to bo presented beforo the Court. The Judges of tho sevoral courts of this county wero o Btrongly im- prossed with the importanco of supprossing tho practico of illogal naturalization #o longin vogue horo, that, some yoars ago, they jointly ordered that all applications should Do prosented to them in opon court, to be determined by them as 1n ony other judiolol proccoding. For thnt pur- poso courts wers hold, and onch yoar since then n Judgo has hold court for that purpose, Is this wiso procaution to be abandoned? Aro tho Clerks of theso Courts to be permitted to go on issning certificatos of citizonship upon no other warrant or authorily than tho presonta- tion of a printed card boaring tho name of ““IMiles Kohoo"? Is Miles Eohoo a judicial ofticer, compotont to perform a judicisl act or to rendor n judgment? Js ho a logal func- tionary whoso orders and decreos the Clorks of tho sevoral Courts acknowledgo s binding upon thom? Wo ask for information, and we shall ropoat tho inquiry until this reckless travesty of law, under tho noses of our Qourts, iu stopped. — BAFE-EEEFPING OF COURT-RECORDS, Thero is just now a controversy In the United Btatos District Court concorning the unoxplain. ed disappoarance of tho dopositions and othor popers in o suit brought agaivst tho Iartford Firo Insuranco Company, which suggosts a olass of similar raids on court-records which can only Lo stoppod by tho most eummary mossuros. In tho present instance, tho papors that have disap- poarod belonged to the dofoudaut's side, and tho natural presumption in all cases is agaiust the party whose cnuse is jeopardized by tlio oxist- onco and production of tho missing documents. The counsel for the Hartford Insurance Com- pany in this caso charges tho thoft of the papers upon tho other party as a mattor of Ppresump- tion, The complainant, on tho othor hand, mnkes afiidavit douying tho ocharge, and setting forth that it was not in his intoreat to nave the papers supprossed. Ho furthor states that he called on dofondant’s counsol on one oceasion o asl him if ho know auything about thoe missing papers, and that eaid counsel not only did not * dissomblo his love,” but kicked him down stairs, The kicking is ap- parontly brought in to excito tho sympatby of tho bystandors, na it is not mado the foundation of an action for assault and battery. Hero nre tho two countor-charges, of the particular merits of which Tug TRIBUXE has no moans of Judging. Wo havo recapitulated them simply for tho pur- poso of showing the complications and hardships which the disappearance of papera onco filed in gourt is protty sure to bring about. There {a only ono cortain way to provent tho frequent recwironce of these ' mystorious die- appearances,” which aro common not only to tho Chicago couris, but to thoso of nearly ovory city in the country, dolaying tho proceedings, and somotimos dofeating the onds of justico. This is the adoption of the rule which abtains in tho English courts, positively prohibiting tho teking of any papers outof court aftor thoy lavo onco been filed, and providing a sovero ponally for any infringement: on this rulo. Tho principlo upon which this practico is based is, that tho papers in tho caso become tho proporty of ‘the court, ond it is both a right and a duty to protect thom. They sre putin chargo of thoeclork, who will take orders for copies of tho papors, tho appli- eant giving timo to do tho work of copying, and paying the actual oxpenso thercof, By this prac- tico, tho papers aronot locked out from reference or inapection, but their safe-keeping i rendered absolutely cortain. No one but tho. clork or custodian ia allowed to go over or handlo thom. Tho practice of our courts is just the roverso. Tho keoping of tho papora on file {s 5o careless that almost any bhabitue of the courts, whoso faco is known to tho attaches, may “go through " the papers. Tho opportuni- ty thus offered for purloining and supprossing documents is ample for any ono disposed to do it. Bolong na tho courts do not adopt somo ab- soluto rule, euch 08 we have indicatod, caroless- noss will Inovitably provall, and just as inovita- bly thoro will bo lossos of matorial documonty by accident and by thoft. Emeeem— IfR, CURTIS ON THE OIVIL SERVICE. Whon Mr. Goorgo William Curtis roslgned Lis position in the Civil-Borvico Commission, thoro 'wasg a genoral offort on the part of tho Adminis- tration pross to conviuce tho country that his setion was not prompted by auy dissatisfaction with the progress made In Civil-Service Reform, For a long timo Mr, Curtis was abeont from his oditorial chair, and tho silonca of Harper's Weelly on the subject was accoptod na a confir- mation of the gonoral statemont that bo is still with the President, with tho P'arty, aud with tho ““Roform " as conducted undor their auspicos, My, Curlls hnu recontly returned to his work, and ono of the first evidoncos of it is a scorching articlo in roply to the statemont made in the report of tho Examining Board of the Tronsury, to the offoot that ono of tho ohief ombarrasemonts the Board had encountored ls tha publio disbollof of tho reality and thorough- uoss of the roform, Mr, Curtis finds thiy in- oredulity ontiroly natursl, and fuily warranted by the evidonoos tho peoplo have had of the progroes of the work, He rofors to tho pro- tontious disapproval tho Presldont has mado of politioal assesaments, and thon adds s * Jut, in lotal op{dom_le of hfo gmlcn, they levy aszessn ments, desert their posts of duly, assume the management of all party assemblies, and continue to uso patronage as a party lever, If thoso gentlemen wero suro “that tholr lielt uso of- offlcial power was stornly dlenpproved, they would hardly bo s0 ecagor to shout for Gou. Butlor in Mnesachusotts, or to manago tho Gonvyention in Now York, or to take the Logls-~ Inturo up tho rivor in Loulsiann.” It will bo 8oon that Mr. Curtls does not hositato to placo the rosponsibility for the ovila of our Clvil Sor- vleo whera it properly bolongs,—with Prosident Grant., Ifo soys that tho pooplo have no means of sscortainiug positivoly wlrother tho Civil-Borvico rulos avo obsorved with rogard to the subordinato places, whothor tho appolutmonts in this clasa are mado upon proper oxamination or not, but thoy do know that Prosidont Grant doos not promoto an officfont Doputy whon & Postmaator is romoved ; that ho docs not romove Postmastor Filloy, of Bt. Louls (and he might have addod tho Colloo- tor of Customs in Now York, the Naval Officor snd Surveyor of Baltimorc), when they aro guilty of {ho most flagrant violations of tho rulea ; that ho doos not accept tho Tosigna- tion of Collector Onsoy, of Now Orloans, though Lis offonsos Linve beon frequent and outragoous, Ho snys that all theso aro tangible faots, * not isolated, but conatantly roourring,” and that, as tho Prosident's will Is tho spring of tho wholo movomont, *Lis roal disposition upon tho oub- Joot can bo seon moroe plainly in his discrotlon- ary action” than in tho hiddon processes of do- partmonts, Mr, Qurtls thus finda the suspicion of tho poeoplo a8 to the genuinences of tho ro- form to be well founded, and the whole tonor of bis articlo leavos no doubt that ho only differs from tho poople in Enowing that tho spirit of the reform does not provail whilo the peoplo only suspectit. IIe charges it g tho rule of the present Civil Servico that pub- lio oficers overywhore are busy with ¢ party management and intrigue,” instead of the duties of thoir positions, and that this {a tho resson why * the reform is the open gibo of the oppo- sitlon, and the secrot doubt of its frionds in the Ropublican party.” Altogothor, ho brings the most stinging indlctment against tho Adminis- tration that bas yot been mado in this relation, and tho Ropublican pross may now bogin to sco that Mr. Ourtls’ rosignation was not ontirely monningloss, a1 THE PRESENT JURY LAW. Undor tho prosont Jury law, cvery voter is required, if eallod upon, to servo his country in tho Iaborious, if not altogethor herolo, capacity of potit juror for tho epace of two wocks overy two yoara. Itis a cloar case of patriotism, as tho Btate gives no othor compensation for this servico than 10 conts & mile for tho number of miles actually traveled in going to snd return- ing from the Court-Room. Though it is em- inently propor that every cilizon should bo roquired to do his full shere of Jury work, it is altogethor improper that he should be required to do it for nothing. The fact that no compeusation is allowed is great hardeliip on & large portion of those whose timo is arbitrarily ocoupied by tho Btate in this uncongenial and unprofitallo employment. Wo have a cnso fu mind which can hardly be an ox- ception, andis more likely to boa samplo of daily hardshipa, A coloredman, who is employed 28 janitor in & building at & componsation of $10° or $12 n weak, was called two weoks ago to sorve a8 s juryman, and was retained the full two weoks suthiorized by law, ¥o was obliged to pay & substitute full wages during the whole time ho was thus engaged for discharging his duties as Jonitor. Whon ho had done the Stato tho sor- ‘vico domandad of kim, he roceived the following official * lonn-cortificate "; $0.00 SraTz or ILuavom, Coor Co, No, 1,760, This corlifies thut Edward Whipplo attended ns s Petit juror at tho October torm, A, D, 1873, of tho Su- porlor Court of Cook Connty twelve daye, and travel- cd, in coming to aud roturning from satd court, 6 miles, and is entitled to be pald therefor out of &ny mouoya iu tho Cookk County Treasury, not ofborwisy appropristod, tho sum of —dollars and sixty ceats, A. Jaconron, Olerk Buperior Court Cook County, Cnoado, Oct, 20, A, D. 1873, That s, for Riving up Lis timo and his wages, and oither drawing on his saviogs for support of bis family or forced to soo them suffor if ho had no roserve, ho received the munificent sum’ of G0 centa from tho State of Illinois. Wo happen to know of another case of cqual hardship, A carpenter, living somo miles out of the city, was ongagoed on & plece of work on which he was making 84 o day, He was dragged away to sorve on a jury, forced to give up Lis job, and, in addi- tion, compolled to pay his own board at city vricos wiilo the expouscs of his home wore go- ing on ns usual. The class must b large which is compelled to bear those burdens, and it consists of thoso who have not the in- fluonco to get oxcusod nor tho monoy to omploy professional jurymon in their places. ‘We subrmit,that this is an outrago of 50 mean a charactor that tho State of Illinois cannot afford to encrifico its own algmty in tolorating it, The petit jurors last week united in a formal pro- tont agamst the treatmont they received, and thoy deserve to bo heard. Thero Is no question that overy man, whose condition does not fur- nish sufficient exouse, should do duty as & jury- man, but common decency suggests that thero should be sufficiont compensation to pay for the nocoseurios of life and protoct poor mon from tho temptation of bribery. OANADIAN RECIPROCITY, In attondeuce at tho meoting of the National Board of T'rada {8 a delogation roprosenting tha Board of Trade of tho Domiuion of Canads, In addition to tho general interest these gontlomen feel In tho commoroo of the United States, with which thoir own is 80 closely connected and in~ torwovon, thoy roprosent the soutiment of our Britlsh North Amorican noighbora in favor of utill closor commerelnl rolations governod by reciprocal laws, This subject has beon beforo tho Natioual Doard of Trado for several yonrs, and at thoir Inst session thoro was au unanimous dec- laration thiat our best intorests would bo promot- od by romoving tho restriotions now impoaed on commoreo betwoen the United States arid Canada, and that a treaty botweon the two Govornmonts should be framed securing a freo interchango of commoditios botwoon the paople of the two countries, 80 far as practicable, The Executive Couneil of tho Board of L'rade roporta that those rocommendatious have not yot mot & favorable rosponeo at Washington, and they attributo the nou-action or dolays to tho hosltation to depart from tho boaton courso. Novertheloss, tho Counotl believa that publio sentiment has Leon undeniably in favor of this liboral trade, aud they bave faith that tho roitoration of the popu- lar wish will eventually load to action by the Qovornment, There are varioua abstaclos in the way of re- olprocal trado with Canads, and ono of thoge is 4ho impreasion, resulting from tho theory of protootion, that to purchisse anything from a foroign land {8 aii sct of {njustico ~to onr own pooplo. This iden is even ecarried furthor, and it is olalmed that, =g the forelgnor will ot part with his merchandiso oxcopt at n profit, theroforo tho purchasor will incur n loss. Buchan idon os tLis mny not find much favor in bodies so woll informod as & Nat{onal Board of Trade, but it is maintained by a very largo gohool of publo men, It fs poaal~ blo that thoto are “ stalesmon® In this country who would Ineist that, i any rociprocal trado with Canadn was eatablishod, it should bo so re- striotod that a4 no timo should it presont s bal- onco of trado agninst us j that Is to say, that tho forty millions of pooplo in tho United Btates shonld nover ba allowod to buy moro from Can- ado than the four millions of poople in that country should buy of us,—that is, that Cannds should not bo sllowed to goll us moro than wo ocan pay for, Bo long 08 mon high in official position stumblo ovor such puerilities as this, the recommenda- tons of the National Board of Trado In favor of romoving tho reatriotions upon commerce bo- twoen Canada and tho United Btates will roquire considorablo ropetition, Raciprocal trado with Ganada is so manifestly politio to overy man of information who has givon tho subjoct & thought, that wo can undor- staud how tho Executive Oouncil of the Natlonal Bonrd of Trade have attributed tho dolay in offi- clal action on tho subject to tho faok that it was outaldo tho beaten track of ordinary logislation; but thero is something boyond this. Tho oficial mind, though highly skillod on the subjoot of nogro suffrago, noeds that Instruction and in- formation which it is the poouliar provinco of tho National Bonrd of Trade to impar}, Wo euggost that, in renewing tho rocommenda~ tlon for a troaty of reciprocity with Onnada, tho National Board of Trado shall do somo- thing moro than pasa rosolutions; that they address & momorial not only to Congross but to the pooplo at Iarge, stating the whole caso, with all the facts ‘and argumonts, showing that furthor dolay or non-action on this mattor is a donial of justico to many worthy citizons of onr own country, aud a commorcial blunder on a largo scalo, i 3 — The best ovideneo that wo have scon of ma torial progress toward clvilization in Japan is the amended criminal codo roported in n lste numbor of the Japan AMail. Until rocontly s barbarous codo, made 1560 years ago, has been the criminal law of tholand, Afow comparigons of the old and now will illustrato the progross that hins been made. For kidnapping children, tho old penalty was decapitation and ox- posuro on tho soaffold; tho =new Iaw penal sorvitudo for ton yoars, Stealing was for- merly punighed, if the property stolon was of greater valuo than ton yon, by death; the sovorest penalty is now in_prisonment for lifo. It was death under the old law to receive stolon proporty, and tho extromo ponalty is now ten years' imprisoument. Solling human boings in- to bondago was punished by death. Under tho old law there was a varioty of crimes which wore punished with decapitation aud ex- posure, cruclfixion, ahd other cruel forma of denth, for which strangling hns beon substituted in oll orimes i which hu- man life has been snerificad. Tho anciont code punished all forms of adultery with death, but it is now punished with penal servi- tudo, one yoar for ordinary cases, aud a longer term for what the Japancso rogard as oxaggor- ated cases. Incendinriem, which -was formerly punished with roasting alive, is still punished with death, but without the cruelty of the old form, Gamblers wero formorly banished, but are now imprisoned for ouly eighty daya, A Now Gas—Abnron. M. Lebnrro, o well-known chemiat of Lyons, Franco, is reported to have read a paper bofora tho Academy of Sclonces, Paris, on the 18th of June last, in which he claimed to have discover- od that hydrogen gas is & compound. Ho states that bie has divided it into two clements, ono of which bas only oue-tonth the specific gravity of hydrogon, which bhas hitherto been rogarded as tho lightest of o)l known substauces, belng auly 0.0693 tho weight of an oqual velume of air at tho same tomporature and - pressure, Tho new gas {8 enid to differ totally from hydrogen in its chomical proportios, boing o non-supporter of combustion, and’ dostitute of tasto, color, or smell. Its most remarkablo proporty, howover, i its extrome lavity, which is 110,000 timos greator than that of distillod water ; or a cubio foot at tho earth’s surfaco would weigh but a little over two graing, In view of this extraordivary property it is pro- poscd to namo the new gas, Abaron; from a Grook particlo nud root, signifying without weight. 'The old name, bydrogen, will in that caso be applied to the hoavier constituent of the ges which combiues with oxygen to form water, Tho first point thut will unaturally suggost iteoll to tho reader, probably, is that, with the discovery of Abaron, the prablem of norial nav- igation ia practically solved. Being soma twen- ty-five times lighter than our carburotted hy- drogen, tho coal gas with which balloons are or- dinurlly uflated, it would give to & very- small globo the buoyancy necessary to onable & por- son to float through the air, and could be safely coged withiu an envelopo of aluminium, which is not possiblo with the coal gus, owiug to tho groater bulk required by the moro dense ma- torial, Certainly, it tho Abaron can bo manu- factured in Inrgo quontitios, evon though the process should boa costly one, it would be gladly taken lhold of by the acronaut. Of courso, tho problom of steering tho bal- loon would atill remain, but tho difii- culty in the way of accomplishing that desirablo result would bo much less than at prosent, in proportion to the diminished surfaco prosented to tho current of air in which the bal- loon would move, To the scientific investigator, however, the discovery, if ouo it bo, will bo suggestive of many ideas, moro startling thau the above, and porhaps not loss practical. It Liydrogon be a compound, 80 may others of the so-called - ole- meuts ; and tho differont allotropes of oxygen and carbon provo after all to bo distinet elomen- tary forms, or molecular compounds of more simplo atoms. This hos beon thought possible in tho cawo of carbon, and drenmod of ag poasl- bly farnishing the koy to tho connection botwsen ordiuary oxygen and ozono; but thus for, not a singlo atep Dbns beeu taken in tho pro- cess of proof by analyals—atill less by syntho- sis. The discovery may, indeed, lead to another complotorovolution In thonomenclature of chem- istry j and ouo much greater than tho last, tho distinetive foaturo of which I8 tho possible composition of atoms in au clomontal molacule, At the firet blush it might soom that the num- ber of tho ultimate olements would bo wdefinite- Iy multiplied by furthor discoverios in tho same direction, aud that, justend of ¢4, wo may have soversl hundreds. DBut tho rovorso of this would most probably bo the truth ; and the ro- gult may be even to realize tho thoory that the number of attainablo cloments is vory small, wiulo thoy, in turn, are distinguished from each othor simply by & difforencoin tho molocular grouplugs of atoms, ench of which has preoisely the snma magnitude, and volume, aud potential funotion, with overy othor that oxists in any and ovory part of tho vast matorial universe, Nothiug s 8aid, In the moeagre account which hins roachod us, of tho propextlos of the now | hydrogon, an sundorod from its union with Abaron, Daog that, too, oxhibit now proper- tlen? Ias it loat or incroased. its alinity for oxygen, which-gives rise to the brilliant pho- nomens of combustion? And, especially, doos it, or doos il niot, exhiblt mora dacldedly the proporties which causcd 1t to bo suspocted, nonrly twonty years ngo, of belouging to tho family of motala? Thowo are vory intorosting quostions, to which we have, at present, uo avswer. Dut ovon groator in intorost will be the ascortained Jbohavior of tho two now oloments whon submittod to the tost of the spoctro- scopo. What changes may oconr in the oharaoter of tho threo prinoipal (old) hydrogon lines, which aro located ToBpCG. tivoly In the red, bluo, and violot pors tlons of tho spootrum’; Perhaps it may be found that one belonga to the now hydrogen, an. othor to Abaron, and tho, third ia only oxhibited whon tho two olomonts aroin unlon. If 60, WO may, porhaps, bo ablo tosoo our way o litilo noaror towards tho reason why most of the no- ealled elomonts give more than ono lino, and ox- hiblt them in difforert portions of tho spectrum ; & point on whick momo spoculations were ad~ vanced nosrly four yonrs ngo in tho columns of Tax Trrsune. - Btill further, it {s not improba- blothat thenew oloment, Aberon, will ke found to givo the mysatorious lino in tho groon portion of the spectrum :whioh has boon discovered in the light of tho Aurors, and that from tho oxtorlor of tho solar corona, but which has not hitherto boon idontifled with suy known sabstanco on the earth's surfaco. If this should bo 80, wa shall then bo ablo to do much moro than guess (n8 at presont) in regard to the matorial that formsthe outer onvolopo aliko or sun and habitablo planots, that possibly- yot lingors lovingly around the moon, and conneots the rolling orbs with the ethorial oxpanso throngh which they per- form their majestia rovolutions, forming the in- tangiblo link betwoon sisttor and Bpace, [Wo noto, here, that Prof. G.J. Btonoy, ina papor read befors tho Royal Irish Acadomy, not long slnce, considored it ns highly probablo that: those three hydrogen lines (O, I, and G) aro: phenomena of harmonto vibration, and ealous lated that the hydrogen moleculo vibrates 800,000,000,000 times 1n o' ocond. Ho ostimated that & million times o million million molecules aro containod. in & oubic millimotre. Maxwell oatimatos that the moleculo vibratos through a 2pace 100 timos groater than its own diamoter. Accopting theso concluslons wo can calculato that tho dismetor of the (old) bydrogen molo- oulo is not greater than ono in 2,500,000,000 oqual parts of an inch.] It may bothat tho allloged discovory of Abaron will lead to none of theso rosults; but, even if it should prove toboa groundioss clam, e may rost sasurod that tho secrots of nature at which I have hinted above, aud many othors of which Wwo have now no idoen, will yot be ravoaled to tho £az0 of mortals, and soms of thom at no distant day. Belouco is pressing forward with porsiat- ont stridos towards tho goal of Imowledge, and Tor labors have yot to be crowned with far mora sbundant succoss than has Litherto rowarded hor efforts, E. CoLneaT, —_— NOTES AND OPINION, Tho Ropublican managers in Wl;cnnsln are bastoniug to nominato, on thair local tickets, men whom they may call * farmers and Grane gora," Tho Ropublican managera in Iows are beginning to discover, with some amazomont, that tho worat boaten of thoir local tiokots wera compogod of just such ** farmors and Grangers.” —Tho Burliogton Gazelle, honring Republi- cang talking bravely about having *a good worlk- ing mejority " in the Tows Legislature, romarks what a coming down that must bo, to bo sure, —The Burlington (Iows) Hawk-Eye sticks im a word of truth in answer to tho Des Moincs fol- lows who have monopolized the wires with falso roports of tho Towa cloction, enying : Tho DesMoines R:filur oxpresses the oplnion that Anti-Monopoly members of tho Legislaturo who have nithorto actod with the Republican party will continuo todoso, That has usually boen tho cuse with inde- vendont Republican members heretofore, but they huvo nover beon 80 nunioroun o they will bd this year, and wo apprehend thut thoso who olocted thum will fua slst on thoir constituting un independent party, so far 88 porty caucusca snd strlctly purty measures oro cons cerned, . —Tho Columbus correspondont of the Cincin~ nati Commercialis surprised s the Ohio election returns como in, aud wants to know how it hap~ pons that counties usually reliably Republican have elected Democrats to the Logislature, whila fome ancient Deniocraticstrougholdselect Repub- icans, Bome, even, of tho counties on the Wost- orn Rosorvo acem to haye gono back on the rog« ular Ropublican nominations, —Tho Alton (Ill.) Zelegraph, which loyally supported the Oglesby-Beveridgo ticket i this Btato, n year ago, now says of the defest of Noyesand Hart, in Ollo: ‘Tho formbor wished to bo clected United States Son= ator, whils the latter oxpovied to 411l bis plco as Goy= oruor, 1f this {6 80, thoy bouth richly descrved to bs beaten. It Is bigh thmo tlot tho peoplo should rebuks 10 thunder tones tho practico whicl 33 so fast bocoming common, of oslensilny runnivg for one ofiice whils reully sevking auother. —Frank Hatton runs the Mt. Pleasant (Town) Journalm tho homo intorest of Jamos Harlan, and snys: If Gov, Carpenter ia elected at all, 1t will bo by n amall majority, Woloug ugo expressed our opizion in vogard to this distiugulslicd gentlemnn attempling to muke o former of Limsclf, going sbout tho Stato na 8 Granger; aud now, if Lo hus baen soid out tn the Lious of Ll friends, st 18 nothing moro thun kins hape pened to other men, When Gov, Carpenter showed such anxlety to become u member of o socrot orgunizi= tion which was formed, us it was claimed, for the farme ora only, Lo got further into themist of political demnn gogucry. —Bonstor Roscoo Conkling's Utiea Herald rathor regrets that, intho Wost, ‘“thore have been no stirring issucs raised savo those of o local chirractor about railrond management, and Lienco our voters have not waked up.” —The Keokuk Gale City, wheso editor wrota the Republican platform of this year, in Iowa, Buya ¢ Topublican townships voted as though tho frantio appeslh of oraculn Republican cditors’ had been 5o muttch {dlo air which they regavded not, Wa huve con- cluded thiat tho oracular role {sw't the forto of news= ‘papors nowndays, —Tho Ban Francisco Bulletin tolls the offect of victory in Californis, saying: Thero js now no dlfiiculty in Anding men who dare come out and declaro theniselyea the fmplacablo_cnus mics of corporato dominton, uud ready to euroll theme selves fu an organization whoss detormination It 4 ta breuak that dominion utterly dowm, ., . . But the Luttla iy not won yet. The leccl vill not let o thele bold until we force them o it. Tho blow for ircedom which has been so successfully struck must Lo fule lowud up by others equally powerful, ~—That the Anti-Monopoly patty is destined to control aud sh?o the political polioy of this nation, at no distant day, must bo ovident ta overy rational mind, It may suffor dofgnt for o senson, but eventually will ‘wrench triumphant victory from the iron grasp of monopolios, riugs, and cliques. T'io party is composed of the industrial elasaos of the nation, and they arg largely in tho majority, and numbors will, and must, count at tho billot-box,—Freeport (1iL) Bulletin, ~'The work has but just_begun. From thig time forward tho pec[)!n of Towa should begin ta organizo with the full detormination of carrying the Stato noxt yonr, It can bo dono, and thg pooplo shonld” worle for it.—Burlington (la.) Quazetle, ~This rovolt in Tows surely Iy {:lory enough for o beginning. Another trinl and this reducsd mpjority will bo wiped our. - Lot tho pooplo push forivard tho Anti-Monapoly tickot ; ita succoss lg apsurod—Iilinois Stafe fieyister, ~Dvory man who is working to dofeat the suceoss of the Farmers’ Indapendent Movomont is working ignorantly or dorignedly in tho ine tercsts of and for the monopoliats, ~We caro not what the opponents of the farmers say, thoe doe foat of tho farmors’ candidntos dofunta tho movas mont, and tho defeat of the movement is tha succoss of the monopoliats, Bhould such a cnlnmn{ bofall the farmers and laboring mon as a dofort on tho 4th day of November, wa do not botioyo nnything but opan revolt and bloodshed cau roliove thom from the bondago they nre now endurlng.—Pazton Slll.) Journal, ~Wa aro propared to aceopt tho fssue. Fach raflrond gontoring in_ Ottumwa issued ordera from hoadquartera ordering all their omployey to voto agninst the Anti-Monopoly ticket, 'L 0y atoppod all the trains and forcod lyhnlr men to ga up to the polls and vote necording to their wishos, Horo thore wus a genernl onslaught made by enginoars conductars, brakomen, nnd mplnrs gnl the APtl-fiImi:)pt:lly tiokot, They had oir ord from headquarters,— Oltun (dowa) Demoorat, A enie —Wo havo only to add horo, aud at Pregont,