Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 16, 1873, Page 2

THE CHICAGO. DAILY TRIBUNE o1t havo moro Inws now for tho government of suilrondu than you onforco, It is n woll-sattlod prinviplo of Inw that a rnilrond corporation Has no right to chargo for ita sorvicos moro than n congonablo price, and it In o luenl principlo that a1alirond eorporation can mako no unjust dis- ariminations. | ‘Phor fu 1ot & nan i this” audlonco who has svor shippod o bullook or a bushol of whont, hudmu beon tho vietim of oxtortionato ohnrges or uujust disoriminations, snd Y“ not ono of you iy had tho courago to appeal to THE LAWS THAT NOW EXIST for s remody. Why? Biml)ly Locpuse wo aro afraid of thoso groat corporntions, It is a protiy thing to say to an Amorican audionce that you aro afraid of anybody : but I confoss that [ have sndured theeo imposittons mysolf, bocauso I was afraid to fight theso ‘big corporations. So are {uu all. - Why, then, do you want moro Inws un-~ loss you onforco thono yon have? 1t isidle for you Lo discuss moasuros of reform until you have made up your minds that you will onforce at nll bhazards _whatover moasuros you adopt. [Applauge.] Until you huve ronchod that dotermination, it-is usoless to talk nbout new lawas aud now rogulutions, Tho gront consoryative force of n freo country is tho will of n froe poople that they will not submit to outrago and wrong. ‘But 1ot us supposo that the poople have doter- minod thoy will submit no lougor, what can we do? Irojoice to soo such meotings nu this, ho- caupo I boliovo that from this timo forward tho poople will look to the corraation of thaso abusos. Gov. Boverldgo justly said, VIOLENCE CORBEOTS NO EVIL. 1t Is un-Amorican to talk about violonce. Do- sides, the moro I study tho framowork of our Governmont, the moro convinced I am of its suflicloncy for tho protection - ‘of ~tho rights of the yeoplo, from _whatovor unrtor injury ~wmay bo throatoned. o you nood to know what your Government is, snd stand by its principlos.” It Is moro import- aut to know what tho law is {han to make now laws, and I want to vindicato our system of pov- ornmont from the popular misunderstanding, that rallronds have any right to inflict theso wrongs upon you. Wo bave talked so lonj vostod righta that wo have becomo the viotima of dolusions created by ourselves, Dut tho rail- roads exist. Thoy arc a part of our socinl and businosa systom, and if thoy Inflicted doublo the Wwraugs upon you that thoy do now, thoy them- solves aro fixed, and will nover be disturbed, It is not necossary for me to ongage in the digcussion of any of the controvortod thoories which have been ndyancod in respect to (ho pature or oxtont of the powors of railroad cor- Eamthmn under what aro called their chartera, admit the Inw to bo s decided by the SBupreme Court of tho United Btates in tho caso of ' The Trustoos of DARTOUTH COLLEGE sgainat Woodward." Ihavono doubt that tho Bupreme Court hold porractly, that tho uhnrlerfirm\md by tho British Orown to the Trustoes of Dartmouth College, in tho year 1769, is o contract, within tho meaninj of that clause of tho Conutitution of tho Unite Btatos which declares that no Stato shall make nuy law impniring the obligation of contrasts, and I am quito as ¢loar, upon pringiples that oro woll undorstood and eminently just, that the acte of tho Genoral Assombly of Now Hampshiro by which it was proposed to change tho name and ossontially modify the powors of that corpo- xntion, and also to seize the proporly and usurp tho governmont of tho institution, waro in violn- tion of tho Constitution, and I am propared also to nssont to thodocirine of the Supreme Court of Tilinois thnt tho chartors of privata corporations aro contracts whicharo inviolable, and as decided Ly the uamo court in tho casos of * Neustadt and others ngainst T'ho [llinois Contral Railrond Com- pany,” and of the ‘‘Illinois Central Railrond Conpany nguint Tho County of McLean,” that tho act incorporatiug tho Iilinols Contral Railrond Company, which declwros certain examptions of ihe proporty of the Company from taxntion is n continct hotwoon the Stato and the Coml’mn)‘. which canvot bo changoed or amended vithout tho consent of both pavtios, Indeed, I concode it to be too well ostublishod to boshnken or quostioned that the Btato can- not, by the action of any of the depnrimonts of iL3 government, impair tho charters of private corporations in any material respect. 1laving made these concessions, no ono will sxpoel mo eithor to attuck tho claim of corpora- tions to * VERTED MIGNTH, orto complain of those decisions of the courts that recoguize such rghts and vindicato thom against overy attompt to impair thom, Many porsous who are under the influonce of tho dolusions for which tho roprosontatives of corporale protensions aro responsible, observing that I admit all that has boon decided by tho Courts in respoct to tho naturo and inviolability of tho rights of corporations will bo rendy to concludo that I linve, Ly my concessions, alroady definod tho rights and obligations of railway care viers, and that I have abaudoned the only grounds upon which the corraction of tho nbusos which are lmown to exist in the railway carrying systom can bo demauded, butI Liope to demou- strato that tho Prluciplos whioh recognizo (tho inviolability of thoe contracts betwoon tho Btato pud the railway corporations), g0 far from jasti- Lying tho protonsions of railway earriers t0 bo ‘A LAW UNTO THEMSELVFY 0 the extont that thoy are retavont to tho sub- ject boforo us, ufford sureyct to theorics I will porontter prosont, i Gt e cbpugions e 3 logal extont ARG »— omong tho oarlicst agencies of tho inter- courso of mankind. Ouo of the earliest racords of the human race prosorves the fact that * Jonal wout down to Joppn, aud found & ship go- ing to Larshish, and paid the fare there- of, and wont down into it to go wilh them to Tarshish,” Accounts equally an- zient refor to tho frolghting of ships wilh the produets of the industry and skill of the old- okt of the nations, In all ages the offico or em- rlaymcut of carrior hag borno an {mportant re- rtion to tlio commerco and business of the world, and their ohligations and lirbilities, ag well as their duties and powers, are dofined in the com- mierciul codew of all civilizod nations. All over the world thewr busiucss is trented aga TUDLIO OFFICE OR EMPLOYMENT, and their rights and duties are held to result from the relntion thoy voluntarily nsaume to the yublic. Whorover the English lenguage is #pokon they aro called *‘ common earriors,” terms which indicato the genoral naturaof thelr busi- noe, and at the same time describo tho extent of their logal obligations, Tho distinguirhing fenture of the oflice or om- ployment implied m the term ** Common Car- rior " iy, that ity obligations and linbilitles aro ;mt dependent upon contract, but are imiposed by . I'yill only ask you to_attond me, whilo I enu- morate a fow of the dutics and obligations which tho law has imposed upon common carriors, and I will confine mysolf to those which are loast dis- puted, and intorost us most. * They must furnish rensonablo and ordinary facilitios for traneportation, such as will meot the ordinnry domands of the public,” They aro obliged by law to undortake the charge of transportation in- differontly for all, without partiality or improper diserimination, and for a REASONADLY, COMPENRATION, Thena ohligatious are impied in the very nature of tho oflice, for a common carrior, in the lan- gungo of tho conrts of highest authority, is one who holds himsolf out to tho workl as ready to undertake to cnrry all porgons, or for all por- soun, indiforently Tor hire, as n business, e engagea to recolve at all rensounblo times, nccording to tho unture of tho businoss, all pussengors, if n carvior of passengers, or, if o carrior of froights, all property which lsof o charnctor suited to his mouns of transportation, in _the order in which s offered, and to transport with safoty and ronsonablo dispatch, and to dischargo or delivor, at the Plncn or to the personn cxpressod or implied in his undertaking, and by the very nature of hia employmont ho uudortnkes to dischargo all the ordinary duties ho astumos for a reasonablo roward, aud ag theso aro duties and obligations imposod upun common earriors by law, thoy cun- nnl rolontic thomsolvos from thein oxcept by the consent of overy person who may call upon them to perform thom.” Ttailway corporations, and all natural persony who undertnko the dutios which T have deneribod uu portaining Lo thnt oflicu or ewploymont, are ‘‘ common carriors."” Tho Suprome Court of our own Btato, in one of ths cugos beforo it, spoaking through JUSTICR BREEYE, a venorablo namo inenrinpnmunno. usos tho fol- lowing laugunge: “ Wo supposo that it in not neveswary it iio clinrtors should provido, in so wmany words, that tho railrond companien cront~ ed by thom whall ho vommon carriors, Tho au- thoritleu aro numerous to tho point, that such compunios using ears for !ha‘puq)onn of convoy- ing goods for all persons indifferontly for hire, aud whoso custom aud unform practico s to do B0, uro common carriors, and aro linblo as such, There needls no logislative declaration to muko thom such; they are 80 in virtne of their wuniform busiuess, . . . nend aro subjoct to tho provisions of the common law which are applicablo to carfers,” And the samo Court said in un another caso: 1t is admittod by reapondont’s connwol that railway companion are common carriers, , ., Regarded meroly as common carrlors at common lnw, and {nde- pondontly of dny obligations imposed by tho ac. -intoreats as tho first and great objeot. Toaso itsolf oxu‘sllt wlih tho consent of avery porson ‘who might oall upon it-to porform thom, | thioso obligations grow ont of tho ros, Intion Vollntirily nssumed by 4o encrior to tho publio. . . " But roflway compauios may well bo regarded i undor s IIGHEN OLLIGATIONH, it that woro possiblo;-thnn thoso imposed: by the common law, to dischorge their dutios to tho publio as comwmon carriors falvly aud impartiat- y. As ling boon snid by other courts, tho Biata has ondowod thom with & portion of 1ts soyerign- ty in glving thom tho right of eminont domnin, By virtuo of this power thoy take tho Isuds of tho eitlzen against his will, sud con, if nood bo, domolish his house, Is it suppouod thoso gront powors wero granted morely for tho privato gain of tho corporations, On tho contrary, weall know tho compauies woro oreatod for tho publis good. “Tho, objoot of tho Legislaturo was to add to tho monns_of travel aud commorco.” And the Buprome Court maintains that rallway cor- porations aro common carriors, and subject to 81l the obligations imposed upon common ear~ riors at comnon Iny, both upon the ground thint tho Logislaturo po intondod in croating tho cor- porations, and that tho unrfiurnwm contractod to l:u common carriora whon thoy nccefltud tho chiar- tors, The Court, in tho cagosto which X will ro- for, conceda that tho churtors of railway corpo- rations aro contracts betwoon tho corporators and tho Btate, which noither party can aunul or chango without tho cousent of the other, and that such contracts impose, REQIPIOUAL OBLIGATIONS, In one caso tho Court eay: * Wo hold simply .| tuat it [moaving s railway corporation] must petformn all thoso dutics of & common carrior to which it know it would bo linblo whon it sought and obtnined its charier,” *Tho company can mako such rulos and contracts ae it plonsos, not inconsistont with its dutios as & common carrier, but it can go no farthor; and any genoral lau- Eungo its chinrter may contain must necossarily 0 constriod with that limitation,” *‘But tho charter was granted to promoto tho convenienco of commoreo, aud it ig the constant duty of tho respoudont to ndo& ita ngoncics to that end. « o« o It can pormitted to establish no custom Inconsistont with its charter.” And, in o Iate caso, tho Court sald: “ Con any ono sup- Poso it was moroly to enrich and nggrandize tho stockholders aud tho officors of thoso compnnios that the poople, through thoir ropresentativos, have grautod such liboral chartors, . u the contrary, wo oll Lnow that the grant of such powors woro conferred to advanco the u:fli{‘u, u accomplish thia great purposo, it was found nec- essary to oulist private outorpriso nnd capitnl, .Aud to call it forth for the nccomplishment of tho end, rights, privilegos, and immunitics had to bo couferrol and seourred to thoso who would ombark in the construction and operation of thoso roads. Henco in theso chartors tho rights and dutiesof the companies are oxprossed or Implied. Whon created bLodies corporato, they bocame iuvested with the right to con- struct and uso thoir ronds to trausport both porsons and proporty over thoir lines snd to rocolve compensntion for the samo, And whon theso bodios ngcopt their chartors, it is with tho implied understanding that they will {airly perform tho duties of publlo common car- rlora’ of both porsons and property. . . . heso are dutios thoy owo to tho gubllo, ‘and it was in considoration that thoy would be perform- od, that his charter was grantod.” “hoso decisions covar tho wholo ground of tho controversy betwoen tho peoplo aud tho railway carriors, and thoy deflne *‘the LEOAL INGITS AND LEGAL DUTIER of peraons whoso business and employment it ia to rocoive, transport, and dischargo posson- gors and frolght on wud by railwags,™ to bs tho rights and dutics of common carriors at common Inw, aud thoy maintain tho vosted rights of tho publio under the charter contracts botwoon tho railroad companies and the Btato, to insist that such companicy shall bo hold to a comploto por- formanco of ull the obligations whicl tho lnw Lias attached to that relntion, % If I have succeoded in ostablishing tho proposition that tho obligations of rail- thoy aro natural way earriors, whothor persons or corporations, aro oxactly such a8 the common law imposes upon common car- riors, it would scom to follow, that if tho com- ‘mon law moensure of thoeir obligntions is in har- mony with the principles of justico and roason and public policy, no change 'in_tho laws which contemplates tho substitution of nuy othor nues for the rogulation of thoir rights ana dutien is desirablo, I love roforred to somoof tho rules of tho common Iaw relating to ihe duties of common carriors, sud will add thot THE COMMON LAW iabut * tho body of principios and usages and rulos the product of wisdom, counsol, experience and observation of mauy ages of wise and obgerving mon." And it materially adds to the valuo of theso principles, usagey and rules, that thoy rest for their support upon romson = and justice, that thoy aro not limited mn their oporation to any one or moro of the Htates, but ara in forco wherever roason rules and justice aro regarded. They dofy powar aud spurh corruption. Ther moy bo_disregarded, but cannot bo destroyad or changed. Thoy rogulato tho carrying tendo of tho ocenn aud tho great lakes and “rivors, and in their application will be found the solution of what is aptly ealled tho * railway problom.” Wo are next catled upon # consider the ADUBES WOl EXIBT, . in tho practical worliug Of the railwny mystom, and tho remediew for guch nbuses, * It" will not ‘o rogarded by this audience, composed of the roproacutatives of ovory brauch of businoss, o necossary for one to enter into e very procise specification of tho abuses to which reforenco hias booon made, it is cuough to unfi that thoy are oftencst porcoived and folt by the poople in tho form of oxcossive and fluctuating rutos cs- tablished by railway carriors for their services, in unjust and unroasowable discriminations against porsons or placos, or classes of froighty, In solfish combinations by railway managers to on tho industry of tho - country, end in tho total diurcgard which they ofton manifost in their dealings with tho public of the principles’ of reason, and justico, aud Inw, and I think it but proper to say, that whils tho oxcoeslvo aud fluctunting ratos imposed by the different railway lines of tho State nre bure dongomo and oppressive, and the discrimina- tious thoy practico in regard to pordons sud places, aud classcs of {roights, aro well calou~ lated to discourage ontorprise and rendor busi- uness uncortain and uuprofitable, and tho vast combinations which nro formed to control trado and divert it from it regular channels are alarm. ing, nothing they attonint or do is a8 dangerous or 28 mischisvous as thoir stendy and porsistont doflanco of tho laws, 1t is our task to find and apply tho remodics for theso nbuses and protensions, aud before we engngo init it is proper to make ‘an attompt to cuthmalo its magnitudo, Wo complain Justly of the abuses in tho man- agowent of the railways of Illinois in their rels- tions to the Yubllu as common cmriors, bub wo mnniirm?\lfimsl:rlthnd o flim:raul linos of rail- ways in thin Stato, thougl oy aggregate more than six thonsnd nillos, 80 but Bart of & CONTINENTAL SYSLEM of rilways that comprohonds moro than sixty thousund miles, and that overy part of this vast systom s depondent upon all the othors, " sud that the remedics to be offective must bo continental and notb local. ‘Thoy must bo of & charactor an oxpansive as tho gyotenm, and whilo oy st apply. o oxigting lincy, they must follow tho now roites wherevor they go, and must afford protection from abuses to distunt sottlemonts sswoll ng to the moro pop- ulous portions of the country, You may complain of railroad aggressions and tariff monopoliey, but I toll you, 11 conclusion, that you will not fiot id o Uiou wniil you sy i oarhest and intolligont froemen, you will submit to them no longer, and, cost what it may, they must be redressed. \\’[uu! you ay that, juutico, Tiborty, und law will provail; and not till' then, REMARKS OF GEN. J, 0, BLACK, Gon. J. O, Bluck thon made the following remarks s Ferrow Orrizens: About ton daya ngo, I vo- coptanco of itw chartor, it would owe imporiant utioa to tho public, from whivh it could nok xg« { coived an invitation from your Commwiltee to ba yrosent to-day and to address you upon snch topics as I might chooke, Boyond this, and tho slatoment that It wus o larvest homo, thore wag no fntimation given me of the charactor of thiy gutherivg, But I understood that it was an nssembling of the peopla for the purposo of dly- cussing mntlorsof real, not of nominal, interest to thom, Iunderstood furthormore, thint it was 8 gathoring of tho people not for tho purpose of hoaring idle harsnguos, but to hear from onoh wsposker's lips, tho truth as ogporiones and obsorvation might have improssed him, It, thorofore, I should unfortuuatoly sy anything that doos not haymonize oithor with tho romarks of those who have procoded 1no, or with your own prodiloc~ tlons and {dons, Xnu will allow me the simplo priviloge of an_Amerlean citizen, that of (Fls- cunning affairs boforo his paors and grant him & patient hearing. 1 startod onrly this morning from my home on tho oastorn o of tLis Btato. Traveling nerony tho country I notlced that whoro s yonr “or :wo ago there wero simplo reattored hotses, now PHOAPENROUS VILLAGER are npflnfilng up, aud that men are ngthnrln in from ull ‘tho country around, locating shomeolvos at those small points, and - turo has boon | day, bocoming dispensera _of tha world's goodn to thoik nefghbory, sud that ovidont prospority was building up the land and_oleiming tho har- veats for hor own, When I arrived upon the round, I found heforo mo an sudiende which fiuru a8 fow marks of oppression as any which it hos beon my good forttne 16 obsocrve. Lundies brillinit with inios which plmost ontsiiono thio- raiubow or tho golors of n flowor-garden, deckod with foathors from Africs, silky from. Franco, and the producti of (ho loomn of Massachusatta, Noarly overy gentloman boforo mo was olad in tho wares mado in other and distant reglons, A happy, contented, prosporous people, oxtornally, at lonst, o poo‘:ln to whom, in this rich land, Na- ountiful with hor gifts. 1 contrastod your condition with that of your fatliors X TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO, a8 somo of them, now horo bLofore you, can do- soribe it. Thoy remembor how It was nocossary for them, if tlioy desirod Lo got o lond of ugar or a barrol of flotr, or almost nny of the com- moditics that to-day overilow the wholo commu- nity,—it was necessary for_them to make up pmioa of two, threo, or a dozon, and drivg hun- dreda of miles from thelr ottlemonts, oithor to tho gront City of tho Lakos, thon s littlo, strag- filln 2 town, or over to tha \‘}nbnnh, or down to t. Louis. Theuo journoys ocoupied somotimos nionths, and thoy lind to tako nlon§ tholr pro- visions, and a littlo monoy besides, if the wagon would ‘not hold grain onough. I eaw to- A I cnmo along, how this vast audlencd gathored itaclt n}) from theso vm? prai- rios, stoppod to the sldo of tho railrond fracks, and'got into Inxurious coaches, which whirled them along froo from dust and discomfort, and Innded thom, cloan and comfortable, in this groat gothoring, Touco I concluded that not sl con- nectod with these railroads was ovil, and thal it thero was nn"ynvll conneoted with them, it was not in their naturo but in their inanagomont. This i & substantial truth on which wo csn stand, Tho railronds aro tho gront DENEFACTONS OF THE LAND, They touch tho uluoplu‘f prairios and thoy bloa- som with tho wealth and gplondor of agriculture aud commorco, What i8 wrong with thom? Gov. Palmor says tho Inws mark them as com- mon carriors ; thoy must recolvo all froight and tranaport it at reasonsble rates. Where, then, s tho defanlt? It ia that you hinvo boon aumflng {aur powers nway from you, elocting mon to ofiice in tho namo of party, mon who wanted to grab tho monoy of tha peoplo and not to proteot their intorosts, men who hisvo not beon Lont upon onforcing the law, WITAT 18 TIIE REMEDY ? Wo nood n set of oflicials who will oxecuto tha Inw in tho interosts of tho peoplo, aud not of any clique or ring; mon who will keop thoir ofli- cinl onth rognrdloss of consoquences? Wo do not want to go to oxisting partios to gob mon who woro mixed up in salary-grabs or Crodit Mobiller oporations, Your matorial in- torosts, thoso of transportation and navigation, have boon negloctad because tho people have delogatod thoir rights to partisans to bo usod for party purposcs. Now lot s doclare that wa will honceforth chooso tho represontatives of no irty but whoee ontl and nim, at Springfleld and Wnshlngton, shall bo to ndministor your lawa ns you mako thom. It is solf-ovidont that a people which fails to oxerciso its powora aud appoints o truutoo to look after them, must hold him to a strict acconutl\bmt{. Anotlior proposition is, that the further you romoye any power from tho control of tho poo- plo, that much the more dificult willit bathold to nnaccountability those who exercigo it. Houce, I look ‘ll.Eo" all propositions for tho solution of this raflrond question which spoak of carrying thom to THE NATIONAL GAPITAT: na perniciona in theory and fatal in principlo. Your logislators nt Washington aro romoved from homo influence, surrounded by splondid monumenta of wonlth, and they forgot thoso who eleatod thom, Thoy aro approslod. by throo hundred lobbyists who make it o busiuess to buyand soll votes. You ask for o tariff ro- duotion, but what chanee do you have with your logielators whon the mouey bags ave thero before thom 1 do not boliovo that & OENTHALIZIED (IOVERNMENT in any shape has tho right to aay thet a railroad sholl bo Inid across the Frfihins of Illinois or oxorciso thu power of eminent domain againat nuy of our citizons. Ido not believo tho Fod- oral Goyernmont i intrusted with the duty of (an{orlng with tho artificial crentures of this ato. Naithor do Kon 8eo the way in which your matorinl wealth in humgi swept from you, I toll you, too, that theso railroads aro not the faulty parties, Lvery voar Mynu ave paying into tha coffers of the Genoral Government, in one way or another, THRLE NUNDRED AND TWENTY JILLION DOLLARS. You do it by n process that lovies duties upon overy thing that ontors into the composition of your railronds, and doing it €0 quietly that you do not know it ot tho timo, This is wrong In principlo, ninca it is an insidions_levy, You do not mind being robbed, if you do not know it whon it is going on. You do not care for the charactor of your pub- lio sorvants, or the ynst sums they receive, Sup- poio you were called ou to give your County Collector 350,000 & yenr, what would you do? But to-day several of tho Collectors of Customs recoive thnt amonnt from you by way of the tar- iff, What do you eny to that? “Tho sum should liavo gone to pay reasonablo salaries, and the romaindor should have been applied ou your publio debt. " THE CANADIAN TURMOIL. Tho Day Bofore.tho Explosion, Gathering of the Olans at Ot 3 tawa. : Pen-Pictures of the Chiefs. Public Excitement in the Prov- inces. | TFrom Our Oon Correapondent, Orrawa, Ont,, Aug. 13, 1873, To-morrowa nevor como, they eny. Alack-a- day, how glad andgleesome would n cortain large Dody of gentlemen, now in this city, bo it this wore always tho caso, To-morrow is . A WORD OF MIGUTY TALFORT with usall, for it marks tho dato on which the Canadian Houso of Parlismont resssombles for tho transaction of businoss, And whab that businoes is, noeds but fow worda to rolate. Whon, during tho promaturely hot days of eatly May, tho Houso of Commons, at tho instance of tho Promior, Bir John A. Macdonald, simply ad- adjourned, and was not prorogued, it waa with tho clear and definite understanding that all tho businoss that was to be transnctod at the meot- ing of to-morrow was to be the reception of thoe roport of tho Bpocinl Com- mitteo sppointed to inquire - into thio charges proforrod againat the Governmont by Mr. Huntingdon. ' How that Invostigating Committes were balked in their labors by toch« nicalitios ; how tho Olairman of it, Mr. John Hilyard Cemoron, is himself allegod to be' the recipiont of §5,000-0f the bribe money ; how the wholo nffair was mancuyared so that it bocamo o scandal and disgraco, an insult to tho Parlin- mont thut had appointed it, and o humiliating spoataclefor the whole country ; how tho whola poople roso up in arms in indignation at tho dofnga of men dubbing skamsolves * honorables,” nood not be told. The story is becoming old. Possessing all tho worst clements of the most digracoful compact, of tho most abominable bar- gnin and salo which havo ovor sullicd thoe politi- cal history of any country, : IT68 VERY BOTTENNESS i boginning to creato n foeling of disgust, and- mon are turning their honds away when tho sub- ook is spokon of, This, for the wholo Confed- aration ; in tho littlo miorocosm known as Ot- tawa, tho creo is vastly difforont. Al lhis time, tho oxcitomont ovor the matter, its probable do- nouoment in tho Ylouse to-morrow, and the re- sulta to tho soveral nctors, is ronching fover- hoat. Bofore twonty-four hours have passed, some definite conclusion will fayo beon arrived at, and tho probability is that tho whole thing will drop from publio sight for n timo, Tho in- tonso application and anxiety which, for months pnat, has causod nothing eleo tobo apoken of, on tho car, stoambont, or at tho hotols, hne borno its natural fruit. Thero will bo an utter rovul- sion of fooling. The public mind will make o torriblo robound, and frown down any further roforenco to tho matter for weoks and monthas to come. Ponding the sottloment of thomattor, this result {s ndt to bo leoked for. Thig prosporous-city nover eaw #o oxcited A GATILERING OF NOTADBLES beforo in all horwventful history. One can re- cull the junketings of tho Commissionora who camo hoto to lookat tho sito for the Government buildings, and rocollect tho orgies which marked tho first geasion «of tho Confadorate Parliamont. The wild hurralas with which the present Gov- ernor-Genoral was roceived aro yot fresh In tho minds of the ciizens, sud equally so aro the half-conconlod hissos which formed the * eond- oir* of parsimonions Larl Lisgar. Tho hurri- cano of oxcitoment which mado overy: cheek blaneh with fear when the ory of *TFiro" rained at the Parliunent buildings on the Good Triday of 1872 was carriod over tho whola city, and each resident of Ottawn folt as if his daily Lrend had boon foreibly abstracted from hiy mouth, is still romemberod with wonder and with shamo. Everybody racalls TIE FAMOUS ‘* DRUNK™ which marked tho visit of His Roynal Highness tho Prince of Walos, and at this time, whon word jgas beon circulatod from one ond of the Continent to_the othor that Sir John A. Mac- donald is again ** indisposed,” the sad storion of tho frightful oxcessos into which that wonderful statosmnn foll are brought frosh and vivid to tho minds of all. Ottawn beg woen 1ts exciting opochw, both in tho city, and nup there on the hill, in'tho Government buildings. But on no ovo of ngreat dobate, or royal entry, or vico- TIE RATLROAD THEORY is wrong. The Stato can grant no power to an; corporation which it cannot manage and controf. Nor do you want to sond your powors to Wash- ington, but keep them af Lome. What chance have you thore, whon fifteen Btatos oloct Sena- tora at tho beck and nod of cupital, or when nearly every Benator South of tha Ohio .is the represontative of tho monoyed intorest ? Capi- tal wants to get this quoation ont of the hauds of tho people, put it it those of Covgroess, and then own Congresa, , What we waut on the rovenue question is to have the TAYES COLLECTED DIRECTLY upon ovory dollar of proporty either by Stato or Fedoral collectors—no mattor as to the ma- chinery, Whon that is done, iron will bo clioap- or, and yourclothes will cost loss. No favor will bo shown to clasa interosts, and thore will bo equal taxation of all, whilo to-duy the man with & large family pays the rovenue rathor than the man of progorty. Wiat you Lave o do, thon, is to abnudon tho old ways, levy your taxos oqually, and then act justico to all. —_— BURGLARY AT GOSHEN, IND, you ean sy you sre doing 6x~ Gosucy, Ind,, Aug, 14, 1613, To the Editor nf The Chicago Tribune: Bm: A dariug burglary was committod in this clty last night, The drng-stora of James Wil- gon wng entered throngh a back windaw, and owolry to the amount of £1,200 carriod off, Twonty-four gold and silver watchos and ton gold rings, besidos n nunbor of valuable chains, were taken, The burglars becmmno frighteucd, and left savoral hundred dollare’ worth of valuns Llo jowelry on tho floor, No cluo to the rob- bers. 3 THE WISCONSIN CENTRAL RAILROAD. Osnkosit, Wis,, Aug. 13, 1873, To the Eailor of The Chicayo Tribune : S Inotice an orror in n tologram sont you on tho 1%th from Btovens’ Point, in rogard to the Wisconsin Contral Ttond. ‘Tho dispaich saya /e large forco will soon commeuce work on tho weat end, 1t should hava leen, * A large forco ia at worle on tho west ond,” olc. Mo it et i Railrond and Warchouue Comm issjon ~Complaints of Lxtoviion, Fron the Springfleld (11 Journal, Aug. 14, Tho tilrond uud Warchouge Comniissioners mado comiderablo progress yostorday in {ho maltor of fixing rates for tho transporiation of hoavy freizht. "By fuvitation, Mossra, J. Tuylor Bniith and O, M. Bmith, of thiu city, appoarod before the Board and gave thoir views upon the mattey of & xalo for the teansportalion of thosa classes of goods Iu which thoy denl, roferring ine cldontally to the rato herotoforo accorded thom, ns o special rate, provious-to the ndoption of the - now taria whioh largoly incronscd the cost of transportation, ‘Tho Bourd Liavo thout complated thelr cattlo tariff, and tho sclodulos for tho ,tzansportation of fraight of kinured churactor, nud the srme, to- gothorwith {ho otlior cliedulen, In conmes of | preparation, will boready for publication shortly ¢ John F. Tritchard, of* (1ls’ oity. ontored et Tmm beforo the loard that, vrtor tholr now; ariff, Lo had boen compellad to puy tho Chicag & Alton Railrond, for tho transportation of mey-+ chandiso, & rato considorably In oxcoss of that{ oxacted provious to the oxisioucaot the m\vlnw.l Undor tho old taxlif ho was obliged to pay fore the Lransportation of laukeis in bulag, from 8t.. Louis, 50 conts por 100 pounds, and the froighty upon dry goods, {)nc}md n trnks, wes 75 contar por 100, Under tho now tarlft ho is compellad to- })Av%l.m por 100 as fralght wpon goods.of tho, tter clagy, o largo increnss over former ratos.; ‘I'hot this rato ig oxorbitant Is ovidonced fromi tho fact that ono of the oxpross companies offor to trausport the eame clasa of goods at @1 porr 100 ponnds, Tho Bonrd will ahoitly tako action. upon this and othor complaints of oxtortipnate, olnrgos by railronds, i i rogal departuro, havo the streots beou so orowded with visitors, have tlre hotols turned so many away, nave tho rookories of tho Fronel quartor housed 8o conglomorate n maes of con- sciouceloss moutons, as on this tho ovo of tho Tocoption of tho Paoific-scandal roport. Tho city, like overy political Capital, has its varied phasos of life, Fhoro is tho club, patronized by tho Ministerial hosts, and tlo gin-and-hot-wator patlors froquonted by tho mombors of tho Op- position. Tho chief of thoso wocio-political organizations is known as THE NIDEAU CLUD, 1t is o socioty of somo yenrs' standing, and has Lnown eoveral royerses,” Last wintor, it was ro- organized ; ostablished in olegant quartors, noar the Parliament buildings, and with an enlarged membership, comprising almost all tho leading mon of the country. Tha club-rooms have been crowded all doy, but thoro has boon o noticenhlo absonco of Ministers, It is usual to seo two or throe of theso gontlemen in the billiard-room of tho club each ovening, bub to-dny they nro con- spleuous by their sbsoneo, The rooms aro erowded novertheless, and amidst_tho throng of .| menbers of the Parlamont, 1lcnmmmma, and pub- lic oficialg ore to bo soen, {utontly observant of evorything, the socrotorics of tha Ministors, anxions to show their fidolity to thole mastors by ropeating oyery itom of mows they can gathor Fmsnging the rosults of ifs coniing fray. At ho Parliamont buildings, thogathoring of mom- Deps v largo, and hero uro to bo soon, gatherod iu couneil, the ohiofs of the Oppouition party. Bingular to sny, mnono of tho loaders of “the Opposition uro addicted to spir- itnons lquors. *‘Bingulsr” is o atrango word to meo in this conncction, but it 18 unfortunntely tho cnso In this country that the hard drinking which charnctorizos tho groator part of (he population Lins its victims among our leading men. Its only victim is not to Lo found in tho Promior. Meanrs. Bluko, Mackeuzio, Dorlon, Holton, luntingdon, Brown, and othora'of tho lending Hights of tho' coliorts on tholeft of Mr. Spenkor aro * ALY, COLDWATER MEN, or, at the worat, look with sus{:lc‘on ugon tho ruby wine, and distnsto upon the strongor and moro exhilarating gin. ‘Tho officos of tho prin- cipal Ministers nro localod in what is Juown an: tho eastorn bnilr]inig, and there Lave thoy been closoted all day. But two or threo of them know what ig likoly to hio tho policy pursuod on tho morrow; and yet thelr whole pelitical fortuncs are go bound up in tho success of Sir JTohn A. Macdonald that, treatod withnogleot as thoy are, * thoy dnre not rovolt. 'Tho two or threo who nre in tho sccrot, it silont and deprossed, Tho docilo majority upon which they countod has not yot boen triod ns by five ; and what JIDDEN BPIRIT OF INSURORLINATION may bo devaloped on the fated ncrrow is ne yot only known by the oxerclse of tha imagination, ‘Iho man who looka tho most diggusted at thos tyrn thivgs hiave taken, and who, in tho ovent of failurg, ntands to loso tho moi:, fa tho Hon.. Tloclor 1. Langovin, tho Minisfor of Dublic. Works. Mr, Lengovin thought ho anccoeded toy tho place in tho Cabinot—and in the secreb couns! <ils of Bir John—ounco occupied Bir Georgo* wCartior, Tor thme ho did o, Lt 0 whit the evident #pirit of rebollion against his howdship, dovol- -.ofud among the Fronch members, uuhghwued- 18ir John na to Langovin's true Fe»lunu. Binco ' then, n coolness has beon springing up botwean tho two. Tho littlo Franchman, ahaved like n monk, with an occlesinstion! cast of fonturcs, hard, cold gray oyos, straight hair, n storn, piti- Teas mouth, and a slim, clorical garb, sits in_ hin offico, witha brow bont in thought. Napoleon at Bibo, as given by the fancy prinig, looks not woro grave than tlio reputod hend ¢f’ tha Fronch priestly party. WITI THE NORROW however, all things will bo mads clear, Tho tolegraph will Lavo told tho rewlers of Tui Lunune of the avenls which hayetalkon placo, oro thoy rond thin lettor. No ueed, thion, to par- ticularizo further. 'Tho oldost political writer in thin conntry falls to recollect any oceasion when en frrosistible o wave of publio excitement swapt acioss the faco of the wholo country, as has boon created by the disolosuros in the Pacifio Rallroad scandal, Durs SATURDAY, AUGUST .1 187, ing tho posk fortalght, the fooling of the hins heen doolarad moat nnmistakably by the oxs rogslons.of publio assomblies, and h{ tho nigno- uro of * thousanils of coplen’ of tho potitfony which * Conadonuls® sent to Tre Tainuni in his Inat Iottor, THE ORY OF JORROR hag gone up-from all mectious of the econntry; and porsons the moat diverse iu views genarally havo boconio united in (ho one common offort to demand of . Parliamont . tho taking of the neces- anry stops to insuro tho speedy, offoctual, sud satisfactory examinntion of tho wholo sorios of .allogations, ‘Tho foeling In ro- #pect to tho appointmoent of n Ioynl Commission has boon gradually incronsing in sirength, until, uhoukfr tho Government pro- poso to shiold thomsclves by its monus, thoir Jolitienl oxistonco boyoud ti noxt mooling of Parlinmont - would be an {mpossibility, The nnmo of Judgo Drapor, tho political fathor of Bir Joln, i montlonod ns one of the Commis- slonors, and it in said that all tho membora will bo nolected from the Bonok, if the Government finally decido Lo risk ovorything on tho sppoint- mont of & Commission. JUDGE DRAPER in n vory fino old goutloman, but although his own robe {a spotloss, ho comos of n family whose doings have beon notorious, Probably tho most influontinl of the many meotings which hiave been held during tho fortnight was that at Montroal. It rocolved somo adventitious importanco from tho fact that Mr. Thomas ‘White, Jr,, of tho Montreal Gazclle, who is al- Iegod to liave hundlod somo of tho bribs-monoy, was among the a)i:mkum, and assistod in passing soveral very stringont resolntions, demanding spoody, full, and conatitutional inquiry into tho chargos by {ho Parliament. AN EXTBAORDINARY TRIUMVIRATE, It was o singular sight to seo, on tho same platform, advocating tho ssmo rosolutions, and cheoring onch othor's romarks, threo mon so Dbittorly opposed during the wholo courso of tholr provions political }ifo, as Mossrs. Dorion, Holton, and White. But tho past fow woeks Lave boon & fearful ux'fnfloncn to thia country, Thoy have constituted & vory time of trial for mon's gouls. Thoy havo shown whora tho hass and tho truo motal propondorated. The rocont ndditions to the damning corrospondenco fur- nished by Mr. MoMullin have tonded to keop alivo the oxcitoment ; it Is undoubtod that evory blow administored by the Chicago ox-journalist g struck Lome. Proof sooms to be pilod on proof; ovidence ‘on ovidenco; faots on faots. Polion on Osua i tho only way to oxpross it. Buch has boon Canada's progross during tho past fow days; to-night, we stand on tho ove of yot groator thinga. Ho far, it bas been talk; on tho morrow, tho timo for nction will have ar- rived. What thon will bo donoe, I will not pro- sume to indicato, although o foir and sufo guoss might bo_hazarded. At auy ralo, in tho lan- guago of Laugovin's phatanx, Nous vorrons co quo nous verrons, - CANADENSIS, T — TERRIBLE DISASTER. A Orowd of Womoen Struck by Light= ning in the Wyoming Valleyet'wo Killed and Four Fatnlly Injurcd. Seranton, Pa, (dug. fl&, D’tdapntnhla the New York lera A thrilling catastrophe ocourrod this nfternoon on the lills, about five miles from thiu eity, abt n pluco called Kuhin's Patch. A large number of womou and girla from Boranton wero on the hitls athering borrios, when a storm came up from tho south [and thoy rushed o an untenanted b;nllldiug to tako sheltor from the down-pouring ain. About forty-ono womon snd children found room in the old house, whilo soven wora obligod to stand outsido mnder tho storm, With the incronsing storm tho sheots of fire began to do- ucond, tho lightning bocoming moro vivid, and ‘tho peals of thunder oming to advance from distant caverns until the old guild- ing bogan to tromblo. At length n lightning ghaft, moro vivid than any that iad preceded it, descendad among tho unlinppy group of women and girls, killing two of thom, sud scorching in o frightful manner four others, toaring tho flosh off their limbe, and producing & hoari-sickening oople sceno among tho panic-strickon women. For somo tima oven thoso who had not boon touched Dby thio olectric firo wore paralyzed by the appell- ing sight thoy had scen, and wero unablo to ren- dor nuy nesistanco. Tho gronns of thoso fatally injured, aud tho six other suffaring vietima woro lonrtrending, and the uttor holpleassness of tho poor womon and girls was pitiablo. Word was sont evontally to Scranton, and with tho utmost dispatch mossengera wero sont over the hill to tho gceno of the dignstor with wagons, medical attendance, and bedding on which to convoy the doad and wounded to the city. Two of the women who stood outeide the shed said that tho excitemont was o intonse when thoy loft tho shocking scone that they could ot bear to go futo the old houso nor to henr the moans of thoso within who were sufforing from tho most oxcruciating agony. I loarn that o womau named Klne enda girl namod Bolienck, 18 yours of ago, tha daughtor of « poor blind man, are doad. 10 7. 3r.—Tho party of women sbruck by light- niug on tho Xuhn Patch hilla, near Scranton this aftornoon, have beon brought to this city. Only two wera killed on tho spot, but four othors nro burned fataily and many quito sorlously, Bevoral of tho women wero unable to find room in tho oldhutor the donths would have boon much moro numorous. One of the women standing on the ontsido at tho timo the flery dart entered thoill-fated placo, statos that thorain and Lail was falling in tor- rents, and nll orowdod to the door. When tho lightning struck, preceded an instant beforo by o torrifying poat'of thundor, ono drendful chorus of gorenms vout tho air, and at tho sight of tho dond and those whoso flesh had beon strippod {from their bodios in many an’ many membery ‘f tho party faintad, whilo the romaindor, though unhurt, wore perfectly paralyzed with foar, [t way somo twouty minutes beforo auy one could Lo induced to move toward tho city for assist- unco, 80 groat was the dread that had fallen on thom by this frightful visitation. Tho Wyoming Valloy had boon partly inundated by the hoavy rain, and there was considorable” difiiculty in reaching thoe unfortunate people, e Tho Swamp Angels—Another Murder Attributed to the Last felic of the Lowrey Gang. Wilmington, N. C. s«lull. 1), Dispatch to the New ork: Herald, ald, Nows ronched this city this ovening that Floyd Oxondine, acolored mnn and a poaceful iuhn[‘;i- tant of Euroka, in Scufllotown, hnd boon shot to death bf somo villain or villaing unknown, but enorally supposod to bo Stephon, tho lagt of tho owroys,-aud the only one of the outlaws still alivo. * Oxendino loft his store 'at Eurckn onrly this morning for a visit to o’ flal belonging "to him, ot nore than @ quartor of o mile distant. About 7 o'clock, tho time ut which ho expected to ro- turn, o gun wes heard a short distnuco from tho house, and in the dircction of tho flold, and Jamos Oxendine, Floyd's fathor, fearing somo- thing wrong, a¢ he know that his son did not oarry o gun with bim, started to the fleld, Ilo bad gone only about half the distance from tho house, nlong tho rond leading to Hurpor's Forry, whon ho discovered the blooding bodly of Flogd lying by the side of tho rond. Ho was dead, huving ‘boen shot, ovidontly with n double-bar- relled gun, in thed head and through the hoart, Ilis death must hove been instnntancous, ‘I'ho murdoror's tracks wero found crossing tho road and tho field, and somo assorted that thoy wora oxactly Lhe samoa ns Stophon Lowery mndo whon walking, while othera insistod that thoy woxo too long for Lowory, Tho genoral beliof, howover, is that Lowory is the man that come mittod_tho erimo, Oxondine was o Landsoro young fellow, about 24 yoara of ago and unmar- tiod, althou(i'in it is naid _ho was to hayo shorily espouspd Madamo Rhody, the relict of 1lens Borry Lowory, tho outlnw chioftaln, decoasad, Tt is nesertad that Stophon was opposed to thin match, and oven wont 8o far 24 to tnke n moat #olomn onth that '*no d——d Oxondine shoulid over gleop in Honry Dorry's bed.” But Floyd Oxendine had ‘other” vindiotive onemics besides Btove Lowery, Homo timo sinco, ho nccompaniod Wilson, tho slayor of Andrew Ktrong,—having also heon confodorato with Wildon in the mattor of Lilling Strong,—to Marion County, B. 0.,whore thoy attemptod tonr- rost ono John~ Lockloar. This so much oxas- porated tho friends of the Inttor that it is nsuort- od that Jim Dial, John Locklear, and Bino Look- lear hayo been z‘yln out for somo months post with the avowod intontion of taking his lifo. Tho deceased was courtoous in his mannor, cor- root end honest in his business denlings, and was woll lhol&ghb of in his neighborhood. Ifo wns possossed of soma lttle proporty, and ownod .a ntoro nt Eurekn. ITowas (o haveboon mariod, it is soid, noxt wook, and the festive widow, Rhody Lowory, cama down on tho train_yestor- day to Eureks, immonaurably distrossod ‘st tho sad fato which had ovortakon her affiancod hug- band, A ntunaway nt Long Branch Long liranch Correspondence of the New York Herald, 1¢ is always an unthankful task to spoil & good story, but [ swm constrained to may that tho ronoral pross report, published yestorday, of 10 rosoue of A young lady by President Grant from Sn;ury by & runaway hovee, is a_romance, It hins this much foundation, that if o horse had run away with o lady, voung or old, aud it Prosident Qrant, who I8 at’howe in the manage- ment of n horse, had boon in a situstion to - 'Choy wero drlvln‘( innlight phaoton, whon nearo- rosouo hor, ho would no_doubt hnvo dono so, Thoro wns, flo\vuvur. an nccldont on Codarayonno, to a lady aud a gontlonion—Mr. and Mrs, Tyson. Iealy-driven linck prssed nnd struck. the whool, ‘I'ho horso in tho phaoton, & spiritod animal, took fright and hoesme unmanngeablo, and ran tho phocton ngatust a cedar: poat, bronking it ad throwing ont the oceupants, Dr, Hoyt, of Now Yorle, was firat on the npot, and nscortained that the dnnmgu wag confined to tho yohicle, Boon afterwards tho Prenident's high phuoton drovoup. T'he Prosidont umrpud. romovod hin clgar from his lips,. and spoke: '+ Any person hurt 2" woro tho wbrda ho uttored. “ No one," was tho roply, * Fortunato,” nald tho Yrenidont laconically, ng he viowod tho shattored rom- nants, and, taking n vigorous pull at hia clgar Lo tocovor tho fire, io drove on. 'I'his is the wholo story of tho runaway and thogallant roscuo, S s A PATERNAL GDVEl_NTVIENT. Extract from tho Report of President Eliot, of ¥arvard University, on thoe Subject of n Natlonal University. T turn noxt to my third tople, the true policy of our Governmont as rogards univorsity fustruc- tion, In almost all llw_wrlunfiu about o nationnl univorsity, and of courao in tho two Benato bills now undor discussion, there will bo found tho, {mplication, if not tho expross nssortion, that | is somohow tho duty of our Govornmont to main- taln o magnificent univorsity, This sssumplion is tho foundation upoy which rost the ambitious Erojnutu boforo us, and many mimilar schomes. el mo try to domonstrato that the foundation iu itaolf unsound, ‘Tho goneral notion that a boneficont govern- meont should provide and control an elaborato organization for tenching, just as 1t maintaing an nrm{. A navy, orn poul—omco, in of Buropoan origin, boing ' logitimnta corollary to the theory of govornmont by divine right. It iseald that tho Btato {8 'a porson baving n con- sclonce and o moral respousibility ; thut tho Government is & vislblo roprosonta- tivo of o poople’s civilization, and tho E\mrdlnn of ita honor aud ita morals, and should 0 the embodimont of nll that is high aud good in the poopla's charactor and napirations, This motnl&mraon, thia corporate roprosontative of n . Chrigtinn nation, has high dutics and functions commensurate with its groat powers, and nono miore imporative than ihdt of diffusing kuowl- cdfo and advancing seience, dosire to state this argnmont for the conduct of high oducational institutions h{\ Government, .88 nmattor of absiract duty, with all tho force ‘which belongs to it ; for under an endless varle- ty of thin disgruieos, and with all sorts of m(];li- fications aund dilutions, it is a staplo commodity with writers upon the relation of governmont to education, ‘Tho concoption of governmont upon which this argument is based is obsolescont ovorywhore; In n froo'community the Govern- mont dogs-not hold this parental, or patrinrchal —TI'should say Godliko—position, - Our Govern- mont is & group of servauts appointed to do cor- tain diioult and important work, It is not tho guardion of tho nation's morale ; it doos not nocossarily ropresont tho bosb virtuo of the Ropublic, and is not responsible for the national charactor, being itsolf ono of tho products of that cbaracter. Tho doctrine of Btato porsonality and consclonce, aud the wholo argument to tho dignity and moral olovation of o Chbristian nation's governmont as the basisof governmout dutics, aro natural enough undor Uraco_of God governments, but they find no ground of practical application to modern repub- lican confoderations ; . thoy liavo no hoaring on governments considered a8 puroly human agen- clen with dofined powers and limi ted respons{bil- itios. Moreovor, for most Awericaus thoso ar~ gumonts prove a. gront deal too much ; for if they havo the least tendonoy to perannde us that govornment should direct any part of secular od- ucation, with low much grontor forco do they pply fothe conduet by governmont of tio ro- ligious education of tho ‘people. Theso proposi- tions aro indeed tho main arguments for an os- tobhished church, Religion is tho supreme hu- man interest, governnient is the supreme human organization ; theroforo government ought to tnfiu caro for religion, and n Christian govorn- ‘mont should maintain distinctively Christian re- ligious inslitutions, 'T'his is not theory nlono; it ia {ho practice of il Christou- dom, excopt in Amorica and Bwitzerland. Now, we do mot admit it to be our duty to eatablieh n national church, Wo be- liove not only that our people are more religious than many nations which have established churchies, but also thnt thoy aro far moro relig- ious under thoir own voluntary syatom than thoy would bo under nny government ostablishment of roligion, Wo do not admit for o moment thint cstablislunent or no estabhishment is synony- muous with national piety or impiety. Now, if bonoficont Christinn governmont may rightly loave tho people to provide themselven with ro- ligious institutions, surely it may lonve thom to provido suitnble universitios for the education of their youth, Aund hore again tho question of uational university is by no meaus synonymoug with tho quostion : Shall the country have'good university education or not ? The only question iy, shall wo havo o university supported and controllad by Govornment, or shall wo coutinuo to roly upon universitios supported and controll~ od by other ngencies? There is thon no foundation whatovor for the assumplion that it is the duty of our Govern- mont to catablish o national univorsity.. I ven- turo to stato ono broad rengon why our Govern- ment should not establish and maintsin a uni- vorsity, If the pooplo of the Unitod Btntes liave any special destiny, any peculiar function in the world, it is to try to work out under ex- traordinnrily favorablo circumstauces tho problom of freo institutions for a hetero genous, rich, multitudinous population, sproad over vast torritory, Wo indced want to brced scholars, artists, poots, hiatorians, novelists engineors, physicians, jurists, theologians, aud orators; but, first of all, wo want to brécd a raco of indepondent, golf-reliant freomen, ca- pable of helping, guiding and governing thom- golvea, Now tho hinbit of boing helpod by the Governmont, oven if it be to things good in themsolves,—to churches, universitics, and rail- roads,—is n most_insidious and irresistible one- my of republicanium ; for the vory eesonco of re- l!llbliculliflm in solf-rolianco. With the Continen- al nntions of Burope it is ananxiom that the Gov~ ernment istodo. nvnr{thing, and is responsible for oveorything, The Fronch bave no word for ‘publio spirit,” for the reason that the sonti- mont is unknown to them. This abject dopond- onco on tho govornmont is an aceursed inhori- tanco from tho days of the divino right of Kinga. Amoricans, ou the coutrary, maintain procisely tho ogposun thoory, nawmoly, thnt govermment ia to do nothing not oxpressly assigned it to do, that it is to porform no function which any privato agency oan porform as woll, and that it 18 not to fio a public good evon, unloss that good be otherwise unattainablo. It s hurdly too much to any that this doctrine is the foundation of our publio liberty, 8o long as tho poaple ars reslly freo thoy will maintain it in_thoory and in prac- tice, During tho war of the robellion wo got accustomod to secing tho Covornment spond ‘vagt sums of monoy and pus forth vast efforts, and wo ek oursolves why should not somo of thoso groat, rosources and powers bo applied to works of poaco, to creation as woll ny to destruction? Bo wo subsidized railroads and steomsbip compaines, and ngricultural collogon, and now it s proronod to subsidizo o univorsity. Tho fatal objection to this subsidizing process is that it saps the foundn- tions of public liborty. The only adequate se- curitiea of publiv liberty aro the natioual hubits, traditions, and charactor, nc‘{ulmfl und sccumu- Inted in the practico of ltberty nnd self control. Intorrupt thoso (raditions, broak up thoso babita or cultivato the opposite ones, or poison that untionnl character, and publio Jiborty will aud- donly be found defonceless, We daceivo our- selyes dangorously when wo think or spenk ns if adneation, whothor primary or university, could guarantoo republican insfitutions, Edueation can do no such thing, A rapublican peoplo should Indood bo educntod and intolligont; but it by no menns follows that an educatod and in- tolligont peoplo will ba republicau, Do I soom to conjuro up imeginary ovils to follow from this Dencficent entablisthmont of & superb na- tionnl univervesity7 Wo tenchers shonld bo the last pooplo to forgot the sound advico—obsta prineipits. A drop of water will put ot a spark which otherwiso wonld huve Lindled n conflagra- tion that rivers could not quench. Lot us cling fast to tho gonuino Amorican mothod,—tho old Massachusotty mothod,~iu tho mattor of publio instruction, I'ho cssoutial fen. ‘turos of that nystom aro local taxes for univorwal elomentary educntion votod by tho citizons tham« solvos, lacul eloctive boards to spend the monay raisod by taxation and control the schools, and for the highor grades of instruction permanont ondowmenta administored by incorporated hodlen of trustoos. Thin is tho American voluntary systom, in sharp contrast with tho military, doii- potie urunnlzutlfln of publio instruction which provails In Prussia nud iost other Btatos of continental Lurope. Uoth systemns have po- ouliar advantagos, tho crowning advantago of the Ameriean mothad boing that it broeds freg- mon, Our ancestors well undorstood tho prinei- lo that to makae & poople freo nud sclferclinng, Rl» nocessary to lot thom talo care of them- solves, even if thoy do not (ake quito as gaod caro of thomsolvos as eomo suporior power might, Aud now, fiually, lot us ask what ehounld make & unlvoreity at tho capital of the Unltod . Btates, established und support- ed by.the 'goneral goverumont, moro nationnl than any other Amorican unlivers sity. It might bo largor and richer thau any othor, and It might not Los but cortainly it could not have n monopoly of patriotism or of catholicity, or of litoraty or sclontlilo on= thusiaam. Thero Ia an attractlve comprohon=~ slvonesy and o suggostion of publio spirit and love of "country in tho-term *“national " ; hut aftor nll tho adjective only narrows and holiltlon tho noblo concoption contained in the ward “univorsity,” Lottors, sclenco, nrt, philosaphy, modicine, law, and theology, aro larger and mora onduring than nntions. 'horo 18 somothin, childlsh in this uncasy hankoring for a big unf- vorsity in Amoricn, no-thore it 100 that fnpa. tiont longing for n distinctivo American litora- turo which wo o ofton henr exprosaad. Aw Amorican lito grows moro various snd richer in sontimont, passion, thought, and acoumulaled oxporionco, 'Ametican Htorataro will bocoma tlehior and moro abounding, and in that botter day lot us hopo that thora will bo found several universitios in Amorics, though by na momus ono In ench Blate, aa froo, liboral, rich, national, aud glorlous aw'the warmest ndvocato of & Hiny hv‘ crowning university at tho national fil‘\’gol:l\mcunld imagino hia dosirod {nstitution to —_—— DEATH OF GEORGE N. SANDERS. An FEccontrlc folitician nt TRontenA an Who in Ris Time Plnyed Mooy arts, . From the New York Sun, Aug, 13, Goorgo N, Snndors died suddenly "of hosrt dlsenao yesterday morning at his rosldence, 821 Lnst Sovontaonth stroot. Tl waa born in fot- ington, Ky., Fob. 21, 1812, Ho came of & talonte cd family, hin fathor, Lowls Bandors, boing, In tho early ' days of Itontucky, n man of ratoh activity and” forco of charactor. His grand- father, Col. Goorgo Nicholas, for whom fio wan lmmoJ, is known in bhistory as tho proposor of tho famous Kentucky ropolutions, and tho pd- vacato of the ndoption of the Fodoral Conatitu- tion by Virgiuis, against tho opposition of Pat- rick Ionry. Mr. Banders' introduction into politieal lito was by tho organization of the firat mass meot- ing in favor of tho annexation of Toxas, ’l‘wuntrflvn yonrs ago he wng famous as tho champion of ‘young Amorican Demoorncy. Ho was an onthusiastio Domocrat, but bis attractivo porsonal qualitics always socured him many warm friends among thio Whiga and Ropubli- cana. Ilis lifo was full of cccentriciticn and nd- vontures. o traveled much ovor the world, and ovorywhero was welcomed. IHo held but two officos—that of Conaul at London under Presidont Plerce, and Navy Agont in New York under Prosident Buchanan, Ho was the friend of Douglas in his opposition to Buchanan through tho Kansaa and Nobrasks political wars, aud was hig dovotod houchman in thio onnvass for Douglas' nomination for the Presidency. All throngh tho war Mr. Sandors’ s athicn and offorts woro with tho South; nnfilxs noto- riety waos inorcased fn tho closing yoars uf the l;roul strugglo by hus efforts at poaco nogotin- ions nt Ningara, Mr. Saudors wroto on July 5, 1864, to Iorace Grooley, that.be, with Clomont 0, Clay, of Alahams, atd James' P, Holcombo, of Virglnia, *would proceed to Washiugton in tho intorest of poaco, if full protoction wero nc- corded them."” ~ My, Grooloy, boin eomfiown!ly assnred that Mossra, Ofi\y end Hol- combo had full powers, from the South, forward- od the npplication to President Lincoln, urging that it bo reaponded to, nnd uggosted’ cartain torms of rounion aud peace which ho judged might bo advantagoously proffored to the rebols. 8 the Prosident refusod to promiso more than tho anfo conduct of tho roputed Peace Com- missioners both ways, * the wholo mattor tormi- uated in frilure aud disappointmont, with somo exasperation on tho robur vido.” Mr, Greoley, in his ¢ Amcrican Conflict,” torms this one of “*two nbortivo oforts to open & door to accom- modation botween tho belligoronts.” Binco that time Mr. Sandors took no_active part in public lifo. Heo travolod somo in EumYe, nnd was woll known in Paris_and London. lo has lived some time in Now York, and died sur- rounded by his family, of whom thore aro hia widaw and two sons. v —_— THE WHITE-MOUNTAIN ACCIDENT. Corrcct List of the Wounded. Dethlehem, N. IL, (dug, 11) Correspondence of tha n ton Post, e 4 Thoe morning stago from Crawford for the Profllo Houeo, drivon by T. W. Johnson, con- talning mixtoon pnssonpors, was upset in de- gcending Whitcomb's Hill, ono and o half miles from this villago, A young Ind 18 yours of ago, T, It. Donnolkeerl, of Baltimoro, was 1nstantly killed, Mr. A. J. Butlor, a banker, of Alligan, Michigan, died whilo being romoved to this place. Among those most scriously in- ured ara Mios 3oggio Reovos and hor brothor, r, Duvid Rooves, of Phenixyilio, Pa.—tho for- mor is injurod internally, besides tho fractures of the right arm ; Auston G. Fox and sister, of Now York. Mrs. Culbortson and sistor, of Iron- ton, Obio, aro badly Lrnised, tho lattor having ono arm brokon, Mr, Harrington, of Worcestor, it in fenred, has internal injuries. Among thosa less wounded aro Miss Emmn Konnedy and Miss Hendorson, of Indianapolis, and an olderly lady, Mrs. Fox, of Now York, Soon nftorthe accident occurred, Dr, Buckingham, of Boston, who for- tunately was stopping hore, was in attoudance on the Injured ; algo, Dra. Tuttle and Moffott, of Littloton, and Moody, of Franconin, Miss Rooves nnd brother, and Mr. and Mtsy Fox and their 6r1§udmutuor aro af tho houso of Mr. Lind- sny Whitcomb, noar where tho accidont hap- E:nml,, Somo of tho injured are at the Binclair ouso, and others at tho houso of Dr. Croft, of your city, who gonorously offorod his cottage as quarters for the wounded. Somo Iadias from Toston of oxporienco in sickness have gono {rom the villago to attend upon thoso most so- voroly injured. The immediate causo of the ac- cidont was probably tho broaking of tho guy- atrap attached to tha pole-lorses, as thoy wora going down ono of the ntepest bills and wornt ronds in this part of tho State, Tho stage was yory honvily ndon with both passongorn and Doggage. This fn tho most serions nccidont that hiasg aver occurred among the mountains, and has cnst n gloom over tho outire community. Berinuney, Ang. 13.—Miea Maggie Reevos, ono of tho victims of yostorday's stago-coach accidont, is dead. From the Boston Advertiser, Aug, 12, Jorry Johnson, tha driver of tho stago which wag nq’ant nenr Bothlohem, yosterday, was con siderably injured in one arm. Ho is roported an Doing a very coroful driver. Young Kior], who. was instantly killed, had his hoad crushed by o heavy trunk which fall upon lhim, 'The horages ran o quarter of & milo before tho coach upset, which it did at « turn in the rond. If this had boon atraight, probably no serious result would have to be recorded s e A Sorious Soquol to the Kpizooty-- Elow tho uninecus of an Lnterprins ing Chinecse Bmployment Office Was Droken Up. Frony the San Franciaco Chronfele, During tho provalence of the opizooty smong tho horiios in this city an entorprising market mon gecured the sorvices of ten able-bodied Celostinls to draw Llis wagon through tha strgots, This was morely o sharp advortising dodgo, aud wag ounly dono for two hours of ong day, The Chinomen wero ongagod by Henry HtK'om, o lnmbor-dealor, from Ali Quong, busi- ness managor forn Chincso houeo in Sacramento stroot, Thiy Chinaman hos attrined gront colob- rity among his countrymen and smong white pooplo for his loarning, tnd s commonly callod “tho scholar.,” o spoaks our langaugo fhiont- ly, sud ronds and writos it with® romarkablo focility, It seoms that tho novol employmont whioh” ho found for ton idlo Celostinls has brought himinto marked disropnte with his countrymon, and socially ostravived him, if it hina not actually endangored hislife. A day or two aftor this ntreot lpm-ndo of prancing Clhina~ meon drawing & market \mfinu, which was sub- nequently plotured in tho Enstorn and London illustratod papers, a jocular poster was issued by somo individual Ohinnman, dlrnonng iy Colostial in noed of “good fab horsos ™ to call at tho ostablishmout of Ah Quong. Tho six cum,mn(un took @ moro rerious viow of tho mattor. Mhese issued a proclamation warning all Chinamon aainst hiring thomsolvos ont na liorsos, an it was degrading and bonoath their dignity. Tho praclamintion also forbid uli Ohina- men from linving auything to do with Ah Quong. I'ho subjoct seoms to havo rankled in tho Chi~ noso breant and Quong roceived latiors threat- ontng him with doath, e was forcod to lenva tho Chinoso quartors and take up his resldonco among white people, 1a snnounced lis inten~ tion of veturning to Chinn, shortly, his commor- cinl {;unhm not boing duly appreointed by his countrymon hore. g Internationnl Chevs Fourneys The Grund Chess Towrnoy, undor tho Proai- doney of M, A, do Rothnohild, has just com« monced gt Vionua, Tho prizes rangoe from .£20 to £200, and the ruloy aro thoso propared by 3. J. Koligeh for the Congross st Dadon-Baden, Tho playors ara MM. Blelnitz, Wiskor, and Blackbury, from Ingland ; Andoreon, Paulson, Niemann; and Minokwitz, from Gormnny g Holisch And Xempo, from Austrin; Schumow and Ourongow, from Ruseln ; Vlnnvuri from Po. land; MoKonzlo, from America; Rosenthal Ploty, and Arnous-Riviore, from Franco, othorwisa Killed and