Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 2, 1873, Page 2

2 A SUMMER-TRIP. Cheago to Bismarck, via Duluthi=- Nofes by the Waysldes Chioago, Geographieally and Commer- oinll'y. the Venice of the Lakos, Corrcapondenca of The Chicago Trihune, 4 Wasumavon 1iszants, 1L, July 23, 1873, ¢ you douy mo_justico, thon flo upon your Lnws; thoro is no force In tho deoraos of Vonico.” I stand upon my boud ; sugwor, shall I havo it P I Chicogo can give o Jow justico agalnsta Christinn, then will sho hold hor own ogninst {ho Gionoss of tho day. T.ot her Board of Trado and her to-ho-purged Justice-rooms necopt Venico fs thelr modol, and tho world will seo & rosurrootion of Vonico upon tho shores of tho Northiwestorn Adriatic. " Tho busy hum of thousanda roturning from thoir dally toll was dying awny on the car ‘whon, with moonlight on the waters, aud tho golden fes of o declining sunsot gilding the spives of thia highly-moral city, wo passed FROM THE WMIVER TO THE LAKE, through & largo fleot of conl, lumbor, nud_ iron- froighted nrgosios, boaring fntard to o city ap~ parontly atloat and asleop on the Losom of tho mirrored lako. Fully-inflated lungs and n dolicious coolness divorco us from our othor olf, who , for weoks past, has boon domiciled un- dor tho over-attondant donse envelope of impuri- tiow which hang like n pall over the far-reaching srray of atreots. Aftor o night's rost, wo wako and find oursolves at Milwaukeo. It this city bo a monsure of what tho Groat Northwest is to do for towns paying homago to Chicago, whore and when is this rapidly-seoumulating devolopment to culminato? fut yostorday, Ohicago a marsh; Milwankee, grovo-covered hills ; our middlo-sged men associated with their incoption; OAN TIIRTORT PARALLEL IT? Oanitho Pnat, with oooturios, pils up the ra- sults which the ssme numbor of years have produced horo? Doea tho Old World to-day form an adoquata conception of the yast natural trensuries of this country,—treasuries which, at ovory musculnr offort of her oxiled sons, is creating citios in what waa a wildorness, pouring plonty into tho granaries of over-populated Europe, transmuting prairie-grass into gold, and ovolving & grand arterial circulation botweon st and West, North and South ; tho rosult, « Trado, tho.ealm hoalth of nations.” 'Tho world scarcely realizos tho fact that, forty years sinco, the Ohicego swamp wus clearod oit, by tho Indians, of the fow hardy 4raders who wero tomporarily sheltored by tho thon most advanced fort of the United Statos. It is of intorost to start from this point, and travel Northward and Westward till wo roach to-day the point whero CIVILIZATION AND SAVAGERY confront oach othor, as thoy did in our juvenile day on tho lnko-front of Chicagd, Tho most suporficinl obsorvor notes that,. the farther wo got from Cliicago, tho citics, sottio- tmonts, squattors, and cloarings bocomo fowor and wider apart, until spaces of from 80 to 40 mules of const may bo passed wlhore, no sign of humanity is mado. Novertholess, your by year, 100,000 immigrants pour through Milwaukeo and Chicago, and aro sproading over tho country; soction after seclion of prairie are brokon up and wood-Jand clcared. Could we compress vears into tho observation of weols, we should 00 this vast tidal wave of Civilization porcapti- ‘bly move within our vision. Betwoen Chicngo and Duluth, 1,000 miles of coast, richly olothod with yiluable timber above, sud profusometallif- + erous riches bolow, await {ho coming men, ‘Tho lovor is being applied at many points, indicating- S many Qisteiets, onch one of whicl js individu: ally capablo of SUPPLYING THE WORLD with ivon for tho next 1,000 yoars. Tha same may bo said of ite cumixor; and tho progent indi- catlona of silver promise to pour such an abund- anco into our midst aa to naturally alter its pree- ent relative value to gold. ¢ Tho Prosent and tho Future are dominant in our thonghts; but the Past, tho long Past, riscs up, and thrusts upon our notico facts clothed in Tangungo all uations mny undorstsnd,—faets concorning tho condition of these Iatitndes when climnto and physical features woro differont to thono of to-duy, Tho student of the Glacinl Pe- riod of our globe Haw, on the shores of Buperior, «ovorwhelming “evidanco of tho gonomlly-nme%‘b- od goologicul fact that, at -somo period in the past, not vory far removad from .tha advant nf man, - A IIUGE GLAGIER onveloped in ita cold and grinding embrace all the high latitudes of the. Continent. In the acoopod-out latora) valloy, and tho_great valloys of Lake Superior, ho is surrounded by ovidonces which accumulate in thoe ratio of his observation, In many instances, the valleys have boon filled up by tho ordinary moraine-mattar loft by tho soliring glacier, ~ Hancook and Houghton Val- loys are rich in morsino-matter, and modified snd unmodifiod drifts iuclosing bouldors many tons in weight, which bave traveled hundreds of ilos from thoir paront-rock., ‘Iho oxcavating power of wator haa not sufiicad to rid tho valloy of its drift, but it has aided in noting two dis- tinct slterations in the lovel of the land.. The rocks hero, as in most metal-bearing districts, attost great disturbances, and necossarilyintonse chomical change. The power whick collects tho minute atoms of COPPER dintributed through largo areas of rock hau boen busy in aggregatiug them into masses of native copper ; aud donm).iuxr' forces have probably stripped off much oveslying rock, and thus ox- osed to our observation tho rich doposits with- n our rench, Thoso donuding forcos Woro pow- orful onough to wronch off largo aud mmall ‘massos of rook lolding native coppor ; and thoso mnsaos, incased in ico, after fuch wandering, bavo beon borne into our moro Bouthern Btatek, whore their discovery has often led to the vision of coppor-depoeits noor by, Theso erratic blocks aro sad_docgivers, ovon in tho proximity of mines. I wastold, ut}(unshton, of a block dis~ covored thero which yiclded 18 tons of pure cop- {mr. 'This was rofroshing. But, noar, o odo was discovored, sud a conclusion based theroon, This lode munt bo the fathor of the orratio. On the 91!‘0!!?”1 of this conclusion, & company was organized, and, after 3200,000 bad ;beon_oxpendod, tho lodo did not pay, and, at ‘ovory stago, it porsistently ropudinted 'ita aflin- ity to tho erratic 18-ton claimant. Tho quays hore attosted tho richnoss of the mines ; ecoros of masses of native copper, weighing 2 and3 tons cach, woro seattored around, At this lo- cality, copper-on-tho-brain afilicted most of our party. adics and gentlemen, including o Btraight anmuax:n putiot, lluu‘ tho l':mmnor yigorously, in not only bresking stones, but also 1 Sabbath. The mommillated rocks of glacial dis- triots aro well shown at muny points slong tho oonsr, but notably at Duluth. Aftor ¢ight duys on tho wator, we onter at sunrige the port of DULUTI,— tho clty, par_excallonco, of groat oxnectations, Naturo aud Civilization are its bondsmon. It ‘appenrs dostined, within this contury, to havo its 80,000 inhabitants, Wo may snfely prodict for it o 'slow (compared with Chleago), swo, and honlthy growth, Anothor Naples, as heantifull located, botter built, and minus_its lIazzaroni, Horo I part from tho T'oorless, I paid my full faro, and clnim thore in * elbow-room " for oriti- cism. I fully indorse tho opinion of your corre- spondent, Miss Lourn Roam, 'Ioro was overy- thing needed, a placo for avorything, snd every- thing in ita place ; mok onough for' ovory duty, and oyory duty woll performod; overy conrteny and attontion from officors and Bervants to pas- eongors ; in every respoct & superb boat. If our ‘business-men would move from thelr dollarous ways to this sourco of houlth, o stroam of tour- istn would sot in requiring twonty Pecrlossos for thoir secommodation. i ‘A Tovolr, not Loyl {2 my pasling mlute. Blmmnarclk Is tho goal, T'he thin” purallol thyoads of iron, the commmunistic agency of tho nine- toonth contury, bear us over high trostlo-worke akirting tho 8t. Loulu ravinos, through a country tho very Mecea of artlsts, wha aud heavily tim- ‘bered With piuo, codar, and tamarack for 80 twnilos; aud thon rush uk into a country TRE MOAT NEAUTIFUL UNDER HEAVEN for tho agrleulturiat,—timber, small prairios, and lovely inkos, for at least 160 milos, ~Here i to bo tho gront grain diatrict of tho Northwest in_tho immedialo Tuturo ; and gradually the 200 milos hoyond to Dimmarck \vls'l Lo cuptured by tho ulvnnelui; tido of agrieulturists. Nine- tonths of tho Jand over tho 480 miles from Du- luth to Bismarck is good agricultural fand, Tho Touton will come, and #eo, and conquor ; and the Futuro will cherish tho names of anow sohool of conquorory, bofore whose victorios tho heroos of tho Past will fado Inta” ouc-horsa bar- Jariang, Foqlology will polug -to thom a9 tho | THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, AUGUST 2, 1873. e —— { ; -oxponorits of & ntural law ¢ self-interost éyolv- ‘ing sllontly and. surely -tho devolopment of mplr&-%m\vth. i Hore™ tho annually-rocoding | whont-zdno bf Antoricn will finil a routing-pldco. ‘An- acolimnbized reco*will puli ‘out from tho timborod district, and the wilds of Dakota, now' whitonod by tho slkulls of buftalocs, and trooless for 100 miles, will bo ns our fair Illinols ; tho Tulos of tho Pacific Lribulury to hor poople ; her Duluth tho Chieago of to-dny ; and Ohieago tho FINST COMMERCIAL OITY OF NONTI AMERICA. Tho mining industrics will contro on Buperior, the manufacturing in Illinols and Indinna. To theso fron and conl contres, the braing aud tho capital of the 014 World will migrnto, fumarck, wo loft you nconyas-clty, andbnying tho hostilo Bionx. You have our host thanks for your kind courtesics, our plonsant romem- brnnéu}si and wu"?hnru yu“& confldence in tho ront fuburo awaiting your eity. ¥ ey ngq W. CrAngs, USRSl e e ENIGNMAS OF DEATIL Tochelle, 111, July 30, 1873, To the Editor af The Chifcago Trilnune: . Bin: Your correspondonts, “II. T. Artlst" and “Equity,” sro sgreod that * Crimo is a griovous orror of mon,” and yoi bolh are mis- taken. Crimo is no orror; it lsa discono. Itis not o matier of clioloo, but of necossity. Mon are of nocossity good or bad, as they are of necesslty whito or black, Causes of crime are alwaya boyond the control of the criminal, This may not alwaya bo apparent ; yot, it wo {nvesti- goto tho career of any oriminal, wo readily ob- tain abundance of proof, Thore is no offoct without a causo, This being solf-ovidont, wo ask: Why doos an indi- vidunl commit murdor ? Murder i8 tho offeot; what was the causo? What caused the cause, aud tho preceding cause? And thon, how long bofore theso inquiries lead ua to the rovelationn of the firat causes, ontiroly outsido and boyond tho control of the individual, and also forco us to concludo that tho crime was a noocssity, or unavoldable, and thet tho same circumstancos (couses) and samo conditions (agoncios) would again produce procialy the same effoct ? Aon aro imporfect, If wo woro nll porfect, thoro would bo no erimo, Bat wo are all impor- foct, and thoroforo all more or loss (what wo torm) criminala. This physieal condition of our ‘bodics, oporatod upon by otlier bodies.—socloty, ‘home-Influonces, climates, education for good or ovil, and circumstances in gonoral,—docides of what physical aud moral status wo shall bo dur- ing our life, If wo aro good, beautiful, intolli- gont, wo oro fortunato indeed, ‘but cortainly hould not take credit oursolves, bocate, if causes or clreurstances had beon difforent, wo ‘might have boon ontirely opposito in our naturo. 1f our parents had boon nogroes, wo would bo black ; if idiots, fools ; if born and brought up among thioves, tho probabilitics aro that wo could not mow diecriminato betweon right and wrong, betwaon good and ovil, or exhibit any ro- markable degreo of moral oxcellence, ‘. For thin reason, it 18 our duty to bo charitablo towarda thoso that aro ronlly unfortunato. . Wo should punish crime only for tho protection and roformation of socioty,—never for revenge. If our Institutions of reform aro inadoquato to re- form the criminal sufliciently for tho eafoty of his follow-mon, it may bocomo & necossity to imprison him for lifo, or, in oxtremo cages, in- glict copital punishiient ; but the Iattor barbar- ous power should ouly be resorted to in cases of abeolute nocessity. A murderer iy mad. A dog in n similar con- dition woshoot on tho spot, fiut a lnuman lifo in yaluablo. We have no right to take & human life, save when théro is u probability of losing our own. Bolf-protection g the firet Inw of na- ture. The lion doesn't * orr,” ha acts out his na- turo; neither doos the murderer,—only o aro lixikm{]to tho latter by chaine of universal broth- arhiood. Oliver Wondell Holnes enys: *‘I suppoee wo must punish evil-doors as we oxtirpate vormin; but I don't know that we have 1more right to judgo. them than wo bhave to judgo iats and mico, which aro just ss good ns cats nnd woneolg, though wo troat them as criminala, I will toll you my rule in lifo, and I think you will find it a good ono : Treat Lud mon exactly as if they woro insaue. Thoy are insano,—out of honlth morglly. Restrain them from injury, romptly, complotely, and with loast posaiblo njury, just as in thocnso of monines; and, when you lLiave got them so they can’ do no mischiof, #it down and contomplnte thom charilably, ro- memboring that pina-tentha of thoir perversity comos from’ influonces entiroly boyond their coutrol." Orro WETTETEIN, Baravia, 1., July 50, 1873, o the Editor of Tho Chicago Fribune: Bin: Inotico in to-day's I'minuxe an attompt at aneworing tho articlo I wrote upon capital punishment, and, oy there scoms to ba somo mistakon viows ontortained concerning it, I thoneht it micht ho wall tn malke a forw auggos tions. I hopo thero are not many who would Judge mo as huyshly as “Equity” hes in pro- suming what I would have tlio law to sny. This is his argument, not mine. I do not arguo that thoro should be no punishment for crime, nor that all are insane that commit it. the ponitentiary for life o sovore onough punish- ment, and tho denth-penalty too much ko. Bub what can wo gathor from his argumeui? Isit not that murdorors_are vipers; that they are actually vermin, and as such should be extormi- nated? This is tho opinion of many; thesa viows aro dangorous_to soclaty ; thoy aro a hin- dranco to progross ; I can see nothing but malico in them ; and the extromo of this poficy is mob- Iaw itsolf, which, In my opinion is, not & very healthy outgrowth. But I do not wish \nor intend to ontorintoa controversy upon this subject. I thiuk wo can bottor occupy our time in “the furthor considera- tion of tho causos of crime; and thus in time bring about n henlthy stato of society, founded upon truo principlo. s H.'T, Artisr. —_— JUVENILE FORAYERS. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune S1n: Tho truth of the old adago, that one bad boy will spoil a dozon good ones, is nowhero 8o apparent as in tho daily foraya of Loys upon tho country-crops, by jumping upon tho railrond- trains unknown to conductors, and atealing ridos into tho farming rogions. One of that clags of boys who will neither attend echool nor work for & living, and geverally known as *‘ & snonk- thiof " or * gutter-rat," induces better boys to jump upon the railroad-cars with him, and stoal an excursion into the country. Then they stenl their paseago back {u tho samo way. They gon- erally tako tho front ond of tho ‘car, whoro they will bo loast likely to bo ebgerved by the cou- ductors. ‘Thoy Lmow that the conductors dare. not throw thom off when the cars ore in motion, And, when_the cars stop, they jump off, and tako thoir chances Lo got on agali Whan the curs start. Thoy go from 16 to 30 milos o day, us far as Loy know they can go ond roturn tho snmo day, go that tho innocent boys will not be missed by their parents. Paronts in Ohicago will bo surprised to kuow how miany oxcutsious of this kind their children aro taking. Desides tho risk to tho lives of tho boys ln?um]ylng onand off tho cars when in mation, parents should fear tho dangor to thalr Lobits and moxnls, For they aro impercoplibly educated into tho lowest walks of thievory, Ilaving stolon thelr pasusgo into the country, they must amusoe thomsolves whon they ga’: thero. Conscquently thoy rove about tho farms, stealing all that thoy can carry of, gufl damag- ing whint thoy csunot stonl. Oftontines thoy break into housos and steul, . Now, our nullcn should stop this condition of things, Railroad-companies pay taxcs, aud aro entitled ta protection. ~ Parenty Yny taxos, and do not want their childron enticed into practicing burglary, robbory, petty larceny, otc.,, ote. The railrond-compnnioy aro constantly complaining of such outrages, and solicit ald of tho polico, Buch ald should bo cheorfully rendored. 'The locking up and sontoncing to the Ruform Sohool of n fow of such boys would ecaro all tho others. No boy should be allowed to rido upon the outsido of a train, And paronts should look to thiy, unless thoy want tholr sons ruined. Law Axp Ouven, THE BRIDGES. o the Editor of The Chicago Tribuna: 8in: During this woeok I have, upon threo difforont occasions, been unwarrantably detained at the Madison streot bridge. Theso dotentions woro entirely unnocosaary if tho- bridge-tender hod attonded to his duty, I was yostorday de- tained nearly 17 mmutos, aud to-day a littlo over 20 minutes. Why do not the proper officers soo that the hrm(in-nnlhmuun, which prohibita tho bridges from bolng kopt 'opon longer than 10 miuutos at o time, 16 striotly onforcod? Ploase call our suthorifles' attoution to tho mattor, that they may attond to it at onoo, i Cmvado, July 40, 1678, A Rupsepines, T considor | v . CALIFORNIA. , . A Aninhows-Fogn «= Snntn Narbaried The Climtto of Funz Eranciucoeiios ing to the Country==Tourists=-A Wondoerful Springe Correspundencaf Tlhie Chieago Tribune, ¥ BAN Fnaxcisco, duly 22, 1879, Last evoning my room hocamo radinnt with somo groat glory from tho, outer world, which demandéd my immodinto attontion, What was my surpriso to bohold in tho enstorn henvons " A TAINBOW outting its ribboned longth through purple clouds, pud hangiug ovor onr parched land, in utter deflanco of all rainhow-precodents,—for how are rainbows made without rain ?—and cer- tainly, old Pluvius bas kopt his faco bobind & cloud for months pant, and, if hio continuon aftor this mannor of tho past, wo nood not expeat him |. to resumo his scopiro and commonce his rain bofore Octobor or Novembor, whon ho usually bogina in enrnost, to tho great dolight of formors - and minors, You geo n rain- bow ot this timo of yoar im to us ns Tare as groon poas are to you in December. ‘Wo aro not guiltless of all molsturo, howover,— n;r, ovor from tho ses, in tho aftornoon, hur- ries © A MonTY 00, ¥ 014" Tamslpals, our soutinol mountatn, grows Qi aud spotro-liko as the gray folds of tho fog wrap bim in from bnso to lofty summit, Tho poor consumptivo ties his searf over his mouth, and dircets bis thought to Bauta Barbara, whero fogs aro unkuown, and which is called tho 4 Gato of Furadiso,"—not bocauso it opens tho direct way for struggling mortals into anothor and bottor world, a8 tho namo might suggost, but beeatso it i8 a placo of ouchantment, whero wintor's cold and summor's Lol {ovado not, whore all fruits grow aud flowors bloom for ayc, aud whero poople aro much too Buppy to work: Now, Han Franciseg. ia tho ol mata par oxcellonco . FOR WORKENS. It is just cold enough to make the blood circu- Into with avidity, and " thus to keop tho brain in good condition, Our summer-winds affect un- plsasanily only the fair, uscless portion of hu- manity, Tho gay_promonader hero finds little joy in ndrews-porado. ‘Tho wind sweops down in dusty gusts, and tosses nll hor finory awry, bo- sides making hor movements o toil of the sover- cst kind ; but to_occupants of counting-houscs, to all indoor-workers, this js tho placo for soreno comfort. > Californiang, individual and original as thoy are in somo flllnss, yot fnll far short of dosight- ful nowness in othors; for instanco: Lare, eyery Indy wlho can command tho meaus * . GOES TO THE COUNTRY in Juno, July, or August, aftor {ho fashion.of hor Enstern aistors, Now, thero is no_placo une dor honven, unless it be tho Degort of Sabara, 80 forlorn, so dusty, 8o hot, s our country in the ‘months mentioned ; nor is thero ono on the faco of God's bonutiful world moro lovoly, swoot, and fragrunt in thousands of fmun and flowery do- lights, than is our own California during ol the wintor and oarly spring monthe, In February, our hills are clnd in vorduro, sud many variotics of bold, weo flowers vaunt their delicate colors, and ore forerunnors of battalions still to come. Anon, in April aud May, our valleys aud moun- tnin-pides aro fit places for fairy dwollings. ‘Thon, why should world-spoilt women and ohil-, dron dawdls within tho city's precincts, waiting for tho edict of fashion” to prononuce upon an approprinto soason for decampment ? But thoy do. ~ Oconsionally you soo o **trong-mind- ed " who golitarily botakes hoersolf to tho early woods, in delinuce of Lor preseribod sphora; aud no doubt !hnll)llloy inconso and tho roviving #pirit of the world but ndd to bor unwomanly strength, and round her out in & moro disgusting robustuces of Loalth, At prosont thio city und country aro full of TOULISTS, Alltho way from old England, Ircland, snd Beotland, not to mention othor forcign lands, do thoy ock to soo our Yosemite Goyuers and big trees, Travoling bere is Locoming more com- fortablo- overy day. A lady now is no lovger obliged to ride into the Yosemito Valloy on a man’s saddle, man-fashion,” with baggage con- tlued to n hund-sutchol, Noj this scason, she, and rluuty moro liko hor, have been gocn, ap- pareled aftor the lily of tho ficld, daintily doing tho Yosemito in good clothoy, aud an abundauca of them. Buch another country for aprings, hot and cold, there is not, nor evor was, on the faco of the globe. Not only is there a soveroign waler- oure for'every known disouse, but soarce o duy's travel from hioro is & spring that is said to con- {aiu tho wonderful alehomio property of makiug o woman apponr feecinating TO HER OWN HUSBAND. It is ncedicsy to suy that that spot is much frequented, and that the propriotor is on tho road to weulth. O Baturdny nights the hotel is firoml!‘l:;l with mlxlnus-fnuml Iu‘nlnlmmla,t lwl.mt liavo opo| gong down ta son.aud grasp tha truth, i }}nssimu. Xfl cach man naumf inulnudlnluly 0 find .tho sought-for quality in anyzud ovory other man's wifo, without showing ovon a com- mendablo spirit of inquiry in regard to his own, it is much to_bo foared that tho wholo fasci nating story was invented by that sordid-mindod landlord<in hie own selflsh intorosts. Laura LyoN Woute. THE TAX-STEALING LAW. v CaxTox, Fulton Co., Il July 29, 1873, To the Editor of. Ihe Chicago Tribune: 8 : In one or moro articles in Tae TRIBUNE, you have referred to the injustice of tha so- called * Railrond Aid law of 1869," especinlly in ita effocts undor our new Rovenua law, Now, 8 the oditora of our groat metropolitan papers (particularly Toe Trinusg) aro supposod to know almost ovorything, and to be willing to convey that knowledgo to honest seckors, wo write for information s to tho practical worl- inga of this law, sud its effects upon tho tax- payors of this county, burthened with a railrond dobt of about $180,000. (It was originally £300,~ 000, but wo havo paid sud canceled about $120,= 000 of bonda.) Undor this Inw of '69, tho BtatoTroasuror is e~ quired, ‘immediately upon rocelving the rove- nuo for each year, to placo to the crodit of such county, in tho Stato Troasury, all tho State taxes collaeted and paid into tho Stato Troasury on the inoreased valuation of the taxnblo property of said county, as shown by the annual assossment-rolls over aud above tho amount of tho assossmont- rolls of the yoar 1668,” &o, s Under . tho now Reyenuo law, the assessed valuation of proporty in this cousty in narly Jour timon greator than tho nesesscd valuation of 1873, aud all tho othor countics in the Stuto show about thoe pamo increasod valuation, Now, it (¢ay) 1 por cont on tho valuation under tho old law would produce an smount mufficient for Btato purposes, it iy ovidont that i¢ of 1 porcentan tho ngyosacd valuntion of 1673 will roduco tho snme amount ; but how is tho rate of axntion for Stato purposes to be fixed? Must it bo a rate on tho whole valuation of the Stato, that will produco the amount required for Stato purposes; or, must the Stato oflicials first ascor- tain tho increased valuation under the new lov- onuo law in tho forty-two connties of the Stato without railrasd debts, and the old valuation of 1808 in tho sixty connties with railrond dgbts aud, upon this gross valuation, fix a rafe that will ginldz e amount roquired for Btate purposes? £ 10, lob us koo Low it will work as botwoon us sud our noighboring County of Kuox, that has no county indevtednoss for railrond-purposos. ‘Wo will nssume that thoir sssossod valuutions wore equal in 1868 aud 1873, as thoy are noar conough for tho purposos of this illustration Assenned valnation of Fulton Gounty i 16096 6,000,000 ‘Assensod valuation of Kuox Countyiu 1608., 5,000,000 ‘Totul valuatlon of Knox and Fulton for 188, 10,000,000 Ono por cont for State purposes in 1606 ot Aswossod Valuntion of Fulton County i 1675, 20,000,000 ‘Assesiod valuation of Knuox County Iu 1873, 20,000,000 Total valuation of Fulton and Knox for TUTrrsreersnnennerersersssesonss 340,000,000 Now, bow nuhi of thia $40,000,000 iy subjoot to taxation for Stato purposes? Undor this lost supposed conotruction of the Jaw, lot us so Asacssod valuation of Knox County 111673..$20,000,000 Asscasud valuution of Fulton County in 1808, 5,000,000 25, 8o wo havo 825,000,000 in place of $40,000,000 upon which to levy taxes for Biate purposes; and, mssuming that the Btato will roquiro tho Bumo amonut &4 in 1868, viz.: $100,000, to relse thix on $35,000,000 valnation will roqulr s rato of 40 conts on tho $100; at which rate, Knox County will pay for Htato purposes §B80,000 and Fulton County £20,000, loaving 800,000 to be ap- pliod to her rallvond dobt. In this to bo the prac- el working of tho law? DPlesso onlighton us, Fuyuron Counry, Slmon Cameron’s Vow. Bimon Gamoron, when Heorotary of War in Prosidont Lincolu's Cabinot, mado s vow to Rlant gorn in $ho stroets of Obarleston. The fulfilimont tlio Lanonster (Pa.) Fxahiner gives in Mr. Gamoron'a own words 1~ *4T dld: Tiot for- g0k it rosolution, nud whon our] broofs'gainod possoagion of that, soditious ““{l wont; thort Iflnutud tho corn with my own lauda in'one of ho siroatd, engnged a man to attend to 1t'and oultivato it, nm?tu this day I presorve tho fruft of that orop in my eabinet at homo, I novor lind any doubts a4 to the result of tho struggle, nor had I auy soruples about ualngx evory propor moan# to necomplish that rosult in the shottdut possiblo time.” Blmon dldn't toll ‘thid ancedota \lnmz lio hioard- recoutly of the farmors' moye- mout. . 3 . ' THE $22,000,000 CASE. A Succinct Stntoment of Its Pointaee The Xeonds Involved=-Their Stoclgy NMonds, nnd:- Condition=~Tho Gist of Compinint ond Dotenves=The Ikeal rartios. v )U‘ i From the Davenport (Totca) Gazette, July 31, ‘Wo roforrod ycutgrdn( to tho groat railroad cnso now bolng hoard boforo_Judge: Dillon, in chambers, on application of Leot Wilmar and othors, on bohalf of bondholders for tho ap- nolntmont_of s Rocolver. Iun ordor to fully undoratand thin caso, tho logal and . rallrond fra- tornity must tnko nrailrond-map of Minnosotn, find theroon the City of 8t. Paul, and then. traco therofrom the linea of the first division of the 8t. Paul & Pacific iatlrond Company, the Bti Paul . & Pacifio Railrond Company, tho Northorn Paciflo ilh\llroud Company, which thoy will find- as fol- low ¢ . First—Tho lino extending from Bt Paul to Bnuk Raplds is 80 mimes in longth, is known' as tho Branoh lino, and was built_during the yonrs from 1861 to 1806 ; tho first 10 milos thereof, from Bt. Paul to 8t. Anthony, was tho firet rail- road construgted in Minnosota, This branch of 80 milos is ownod by 83560,000 of atoclk, and is ‘mortgaged to secure tho payment of throo gots of bonds, to-wit : Ono sot of $120,000, one sot of 8700,000, and ono sot of $1,220,000, —all of which wore sold In thiscountry, eud the pro- coeds need in the. construotion of said Branch line, and aro now hold mostly by the original partics taking tho same, Second—That tho line_ of railroad extondin from St. Anthony nnd Minnonpolis to Breck- inridge is Luown ns tho Bain lino, which is owned by 500,000 of stook, and is mortgaged to sccuro the payment of throo sota of bonds, to wit: Ono set at 83,000,000 ; ona sot nt $6,000,000 ; ono 6ot at £3,000,000,— the firat £8,000,000 of which woro disposed of in this couniry, and the othor ©0,000,000, or that portion of the samo which bhavo been sold, wero {blnced ot Amstordam and tekon mustly by Hol- andors. 'This main line was conatructod during Lo yoars 1860 to 1871, is 207 miles in longth, oxtonding scross tho Stato of Minnesota, anc through the riohat part thoroof, which is o rapidly sottling, mostly with forcign immigra- on, Third—That lino of railroad oxtonding from Baulk Ropids to Brainard, sud that lino extond- ing from St. Cloud to Bt. Viucont, known aa tho Bt. Paul & Pacifio Railrond,—tho first bolng. 60 milos long, and the latier 810, making 870 milos of this line ; and this {4 tho portion now being constructed, and out of which coustruction . the suit and spplication now ponding beforo Judgo Dillon originate. . This lnst Company, in order to got thelr rond built, mado o trada_ with the ownors of the aforosaid Main and Brauch lines, to issuo 816, 000 of bonds, which were to bo sold, and which wors to bo securod by & mortgago on thg Baid lines_from Sauk Rapids to Brainard, and from Bt, Cloud to 8t. Vincont, with all tho lands and franchises belonging theroto, and tho said Main and Branch lines taking o loasoof snid ronds for & torm of ninoty-nine yoars. This trade was consummated in 1871, and tho 815, 000,000 losu syas issued and Pl«ncud in tho hnnds of 'the banking-houeo of Lipman, Rosonthal & Co., of Amstordam, Holland, through the hands of Loon Wilmar, Esq., a4 tho agent of said ouso, On the strongth of thia trde, and this issuo and anlo of bonds, and of tho valucof tho land- grant and other . considerations, the work of construction was commonced - by tho lotting of a contract to tho firm of Do Graff & Oo., railrond-buildors, in 1871, and was prosconted until Octobor, 1873, whon, from somo unoxplainéd roason, the delivery of funds from thosnlo of the bondsin the hands of Lipman, Rosonthal & Co. was stopped, and the work of coustruction on_the road, of course, had to bo susponded for tha prosont. ¥ At this time the Bt. Paul & Pacific ines may ‘bo described as follows : > Dranch Line—Eigkty miles long, $860,000 capital stock paid up, and $2,040,000 mortgago, with rond finished and equipped. Main Line—207 miles loug, $000,000 capital stock poid up, and $12,000,000 mortgago, of which 10,000,000 aro issued and. sold, with road finishod and oquipped. St. Vincenl and Brainard Ixlensions—now underconstruction—370 miles long, $500,000 capital stook, and $15,000,000 mortgago, which i ‘now boing'sold a8 sbovo sot forth, tho pro- coods boing wiod in_construction, and which are the direct caudo of this railrond war and suit. Tho groat Northern Pacifle -Railrond, extond- ing from tho hend of Lake Superiorto Pugot Sound, on tha Pacific Oconn, now undor tho Droaidonoy of Gon. Georgo W. Coss, and tho above recited 8t. Paul & Pacific Railroads, undor tho Presidoncy of Geu. Georgo L. Backer, com- mand tho entiro railroad buasiness of Northern %fln]ununh and Dakots, north aud wost of St. aul. Y e Northern Pacifle Company, being desirous of making St. Paul a terminal polut of their ling on the Missiesippi River st the hoad of tho Fwnt valloy, whoro thoy could conncct with all the railronds easterly through Wisconsin, and south- orly through Iowa, at an early day I thoir con- struction-history cast aliout to scoure such an important terminal point 88 that city, by making arrangoments with tho stockholdors™ of tho various St. Paul linea heroin rocitod for the pur- chaso or loaso of eaid 8¢, Paul rosds when they should bo all. fnished ; and that js why tho Northorn Pacifle is nosv o party to this suit. ‘Tho real plaintiff in tho case now being heard bofore Judge Dillon i Leon Wilmar, of Loudon, England, who claims to roprosent thio holders of tho 816,000,000 of bonds lssued _to Lnild tho St. Vincont & Brainard oxtonsions, aud tho holders of $6,000,000 or 8,000,000 of the bouds of tho Main line. Ho sote forth in tho complnint that tho Railrond Company Lins not paid its interont; thint it 1s not using the monoy obtained from the sale of bonds for constructing and equipping the road, but for suudry and divors otliok puryioses named in‘the complaint; and ho asks Judge Dillon to mako an ordor appointing & Rocoiver for nll theso lines, and to closo out Gon. Beckors railroads ; and that the Recoivor have power to ‘borrow_about $5,000,000 moro money from the said Wilmar, or anybody else who will loan it to sald Rozoiver, at such rato of iutorost ' oy said Rocoivor and loanor may agreo upon and that the eaid £5,000,000 so borrowed may, I.?v order of said Judge, bo made o firet lon on all the property, land, and franchises of tho ro- cited St. Paul & Pacific Railronds, and over all tho mortgagen of every kind aud description that have boon issued, no matter when, and what for, or to whom nud that suid Recelvor go on and finish sald rondd now unfinislhied, and xun the snimo until ho can pay oxpenses and '\)x“y back this last borrawed £5,000,000, or until tho roada ghall bo sold out undor.the ordor of tho court to poy tho samo, which, the: dofendants claim, would result in wiping out $1,600,000 of paid-tip, stock and §22,000,000 of now issucd aud outstunding mort~ gn’fis‘ bouds, John M. Gilman, the Hon. ‘James F. Gilflllan, ’ tho, Ilon. Georgd L. Otis, loading and distin- guinhed lowyors of Bt, Paul... ... * '[ho dofouso pluinly denies all tho stalomonts of Nr, Wilmar, and" claimg that overything is all right, and that, it Mr, Wilmar, and Lipman, Rosontst & Co., tho banlers, Liad dorio a8 thoy had agreed to do, ll the roads would now have Doon fully finishied, oquipped, and in full num(nfi order, and everything satisfactory to both stoci and bondholdors, both at homo and abropd ; sud that this il proved by tho fact thnt no Ameriean stock and bondholdor ia making any complaint whatovor as to the managemeni, care, or condi- tion of this great propuny. but that all are por- foctly satisflod with ite romaining in tlio hands of Qou, Bocker, who has, they inslst, mauaged tho same faithfully and gatistactorily, since 1864, in oll its departmenta; ) + ‘I'ho dofenso is roprescntod as follows : First—She Malu aud Brarch Ling Railroad Qompanics and the 8t, Paul & Iacitle Company, Gaorgo L. Bockor, Tlorace Thompson, and Wiil- iam G, Moorhoad, the Trusteep of the mortgagos, by tho Ilon. II R. Bigelow aul Judge Ohsrlos L. Ylundrou, of the law-firm of Bigolow, Flan- drau & Clark, of 8t, Paul, Sccond—The Northern Pacific Railrond Com- Bnny and Qon. Goorgo . Cas, its Prosident, y the Hon. Thoodora Cuylor, sf Philadolphis, aud the 1lon. James Bmith, Jr., of Bt. Paul, Phird—Tho 8. Poul & Pacilo Hailrond and Willium_ G, Moorhoad gs Trusto, by the 1on, Jamea Smith, Jr., of 8, Paul, md Col. Goorgo gfiufl, of Bt. Paul, ltoly frouf Grand Rapids, by i Qon, Ooss, Prosident of tho Niyrthorn Paciflo, sota forth, In his doposition befaro Judge Dil- lon, that tho procoodinge of the (ald Loon Wil mar, sud of Lipmau, Tosental &0o., aro a con- spirncy againet tho construction’ and buslnoss utercats of all the above rallrosds; and, whilo the ofiicors and mpnagers of all those roads are united and untiving In their oxertions to mako tho same a succoss, that they ary worklng . to undormiuo aud dostray the Valuo'of tho great propertids llm& ropresented, 8o that thoy may \got posacsaion of tha nilns and thorefroni reallzo . fortuno, B i 1 Tho roading of the bulky documents in tho engo wan conoluded yontorday, and the argumonts of coitnyol open this morning,” No'ono attoriey i to a(ponk ‘moro than threo hours, it- boing i~ toidad to concludo tho hoariug by thls ovening it posvible. L —_— * THE GORDON CASE. A Statoment. by Mayor. Birackett, of Minncapolis. * From the Mtnneapolls (Minn.) Tribune, July 31, Tho Hon, Goorgo A. Brackatt, Mayor of Min- nun\mllu, roturnod homo Fm‘mm"y' and wap cor- dinlly woleomod by tho citizens genorally. Thore woro & fow who fearod that, owing to his indig- nation at tho capture, his gonoral intropidity, aud his haired .of tyrauny aud demagogism, ho might be arrested on_somo tmmmx?-u chargo snd dotained at Fort Garry, Indead, It {8 undor- stood that sich was the purpose of that ingolont brute, Clarke, who sont two mounted policemen down tho rond 16 miles to intercopt and brin him bacle. Macauley henrd of this, nud tool Brackottaround by a detour, ovading the minions of thio one-horss dospotivm, and goining the boundary by n loss frequontoed rond. [Horo follows o longthy narrative by Mayor araalglnll, of which we give the concluding por- on 1 Attor tho arreat [of Gordon] wns offectad, and Hoy sud Kedgan kiad goue south with their man, Mr, Flotchor startod back to Fort Garry and wont to bod. Noxt dny ho lioard that oy and Koogan wero arrested. The Toport got aronnd that Flotchor and Morrlam would bo arrested, and BAr. Macaaley "spoke to Axtornoy-fleuum‘ Olarko about it, told him the ncod of their de- Sm'nms waea urgont, and asked what Lhoy should . 1losald, * Lot thom go. 1 am going to meot Bradbury aund his prisonors, and will bo at Beratching Rivor and roleaso thom if thoy got into_any trouble,” Thoy started for liomo. Olarke had Emcudnd thom, and was at Scratch- ing River'when thoy drove up. o told thom that lio wanted thom to go back, to_appear ny witnosses tho noxt day,and they would not be do- tained. They folt that thoir busincss was suffor- ing, but thoy roluctantly turnedback. When at Fort Garry Olarko invited thom futo s room to toke thoir deposition, sent for an officer, and hind them arrested and thrown into jail. Mr. Macauloy, who, 88 is well known, is an oxtenslvo lumber-dealer in Fort Gorry, o part- ner of Burbank's, and who paid tho §20,000 which was taken from Flotchor and Morriam, wont 10 seo Clarke in relation to Mr, Burbauk, Loaring that ho was to Do arrosted. Glarko told Macauloy to sond Burbank out of town nbout 3 milos, to Mr, Bt, John's houso, to remain until needed by Clarke, who stalod o would not bo arroated. Burbank went, but it was immediate- 1y whispored oround that ho was 8180 to bo ar- rested. Macauloy got word to Lim advising him 10 loave immediatoly, and he fled across the As- sinaboin River iuto the woods, Hore ho stayed all tho firat duy, during which Clarke's omissarios weont to #0izo him, but did nob find bim. Hoor- ing of tho troublo, Macauley, on the alert, went with a wngon on tho other sida of tho river, found hini in tho bushce, and ran him off, over- taking the stoambont which brought him to fiumbmn. Ho drove about sixty amiles in six ours. ‘The samo night of their arrest, tho LPmmmna, Fletcher, Morriam, Bentloy, Hoy, and Iicegan, wore, about 13 o'clock at night, drnfigad from their colla in tho jail, down through the strcots, £0 o baation_ in. tho fort, each man Lnndenfred and chninod to a policoman, Tha protoxt for this indignity and Lordship waa * tho_fonr of rescuo,” though tho stroots wore as still ns doath and no man visiblo anywhere. ‘Wilgon anad I arrived at Fort Garry nt4 o'clock on Tuesday morning, July 8, Yaylor mot us tho first thing and wont with us to the court. Hoy and Keogan wore brought in in irous, chained together, but woro released while sitting. Judgo Botournoy introducod us to tho prisonors. Ho kindly accompanied us into the room, where wo shool hands with them all around. Wo bad beon thore about a minute after the Judge loft, ‘whon tho Sheriff, a tool of Clarke’s, came in and politoly intorforod with us, tolling ns it contd not bo pormitted. In the court wao listoned to Gordon's teatimony, and, whon he got to the point whore he reforred to tho papers and my signaturo, the Attornoy-Gonornl asked, © Who is Braclkott 7" Witness ropliod, ** Ho isin tho court mhlting to me], in convomation with the orican Consul.” Tho Attorney-Genoral then vory majestically ordored my arrest; remarking,- gotio vocs, ** What o d—d fool Lo 18 to put his headin e eling liko thati" Shortly sfter the adjournment of court, I was rnlonsed from custody. In tho evoning, again Iasked Judge Botourney for pormission to sce tho prisonors, Ho politely acceded to my request. I Liad talked with them but a momont when tho Sheriff came in, undor the inflnonce of liquor, and ordored mo ouit of tho room, clniming that tha Judgo had no authority in the matter; that tho Attorney Geu- cral was tho only authority. When I was or- dered poremptorily out of tho court-room, I was ovon denied the nrivllu[iu of speaking to Br. Wilson, ‘The noxt day I again asked the Judge if I could seo Mr. Fiotchor, He sald I could, glving mo an order on tho Bhariff. I told him tho Attornoy General and his Shoriff denied hig authority. 1o then went with me, and by por- sonul inforension obtained an opportunity for o brief interviow, 'Lho Bhorifl ngainshortoned'my vigit and abruptly compelled mo to dopart. I enw them onco fho noxt Saturday, Honcefortls for eight days I was ontiroly oxcluded : from spoaking to tho prisonors, and was algo denied entrance to the court-room by the Sherifl. Aftor the committal of tho q:isnncm, Ihad an interview with Clarke, in which I stated that the trentmont I had received at his hawds was inde- cont and outrageous. I told him that no gentle- man would treat anothor in that ‘way, and hada good, squaro tatk, I domanded permission to 800 tho prisonory. Ho said it xosted wholly with tho Shoriff, I told him the Shoriff sontmo to him. Ithon told him tnat I skould apply to highior. nuthority, for I was- bound to oo the prisoncrs. At Inat, just as L was going out, ho callod mo back, and” gavo mo an order, From that timo I had freo sccoms, . . Flotchor, Merriam, and Lontloy hnve quartors abont 12 by 14 feot aquare; lighted by ono wmall window in front. Two policamen ‘are within nenrly all day, and sloop thore at night. Throo soldiors are ou guard ontside, moeting nt _threo difforont }mints. In tho bastion ara confined oy and Keogan, locked in every night, with no ventilation oxcopt through u port-hole, with two policemon_slooping with them and a_hoavy guard outside. Thoy waro not lot out till I mado o nttornoys for My, ‘Wilmar are the Hon. & porsonn! rorquest, aftor which roluctant consont wag givon to huve thom wallc out betweon two ’)Dl!oamon and within tho puard of soldiors, 'fhey aro now permitted to it ontside of their colls, They are now building o blockhonss near the jail to'keop tho prisoners .in, They Lave lived first-rate, bocanse Mra. Bontloy hus fur- nished three meals a day. -T'he respectablo por- tion of tho community throughiout sympathize with thio prisonars and denounco Clarke bittorly. At the closs of tho "trial, MoKenzio stuted to Mr, Wilson that he wanted to sos Mr. Brackett, orhe would hunt mo up immediatcly. Shortly oftor ho camo to tho fort and eaid, with a blus- tor, “I want'to sco you outside.” o drow out a copy of tho Pionedr, and snid o wanted Lo got satisfuction ; ho callod my attontion to tho parn- g stating that ho, McKenzie, had tried to lagkmail tho prisonors, and sald ho wanted to find tho man that sont tho lie. I told bim I did not sond it. I enid, I did gond a dispatoh to Toborts tolling him that Ihad’ pald 81,000 for fees, and that 22,000 more_had been domandod by ono of tho lawyern. My authority is dr. Mncauley, I would -boliove Macauloy” bo- foro I would bLoliove - you. I bave no objection to snying that you nro the man I mean, You can have satisfaction-in any’ way fiou dosire. I considor it a dirty, low-lived, lackmniling oporation. Tho day nfter I came Toro, you wantod to oll mos. &\inuuo{lnu\l.no thot T'might bo o landholdor and go bail, Yoa said {t belonged to Clarko. It was worth about &3,000. You nsked mo $15,000, and eaid it would ho worth it somo time, and Clarke wenld doubt- loss bo_gratified to have mo buy it, though of course ho didn't know anything about your offer, {un #nid, You gave me a plat of tho Iand, Yon Jien told moof a mnent trick by which [ conld stonl it, by transforring it to o stool-pigaon who could go’ bail, thon decd tho land baok to me, and wo could all opcapo! Yon mado the samo proposition to Flotchor aud Macsuloy, You'nre a blackmailer,” X afterwards told him tho samo thing in tho prosonco of Wilson and othors, aud dismissed him from tho caso, This plaiu story will tell somothing of tho origin aud_progross of tho difculty, and_will show how our eitizony have hoen trenied in Mau- itoba. Grorar A, BRACKETT. A uman Skuil Found in Solld Roclk, From the St, Loufs Republican, Accounte were givon of s human skeloton une onrthed by tho auaremon in Nonndor Valloy, noar the Duskol, at Elbonfoldt, in Rionish Prugs win, 'The profoksors pronouncod it to bo of roat antiqinity, and woro of ,the oplufon that fim Noandor man, , whoso bonoa possosuod in ouoral tho same qualitios which’ characterize thunm of the mammoth found in noighbor- g dlstriots, aud fnclosod fn tho samo diluvial loam, lived togethor with tho mammoth and othor oxtinct animals of tho drift poriod, ‘Tho akull was tho subject of measuroment aund calou- Intlon of brain-powor, Its capacity was found to bo about equal to that of the averago Polyncsian and Hottentot, and whilo the opinion of'goolo- glsta difforod $0 reard to miuor rolnts, ol | ad- {To(und tho grent antiquity of tho pkull ‘and nos, . T And now Kanana furnishos sn old skull for &nulu lats and phronologists to puszlo_ovor. [he Osngo Misalon (Knan,) Journal gives an nc- count of n lato discovory near tlto woatorn luo of tho county, It aa Liuman skull omboddod in a rock, nnd was Drought to light by blasting, Dr, k 0. Woeibloy, of Osngo Mission, thus describos : Itta that of Lho cranium of tho hnman apeoles, of largo sizo, imhaodded in conglomerata rock of tho ter- tiary class, and found Rovernl feat boneath tho surface, Paxls of tlio frontal, pariotal, aud_octipiial Lones wera catried away by oxploslon, 'Thio pleco of rock hiolding tlo romafng wolghs 5omo 40 or 50 pounds, with many impresaona of marino shelts, anil throtigh it thors Futn o voln of quartz, ot wifbin tho crafum cryetal- ized organio mattor ; ‘and by thoald of a mivruscopo prosents o hoautiful sppoaranco. It this bo n fact, and it scoms to boar tho fm- presn of truth iu tho doscription, nolthor Lyoil nor Hugh Millor, nor any of the raat of tho sib- torranonn, explorérs roport auything so strango. Tho Neandor man comos the nearest to it, but tho Neandorthal bonus wore found in loam onl: two or thiree foot bonenth tho surface. Thisekull was discovered In golid rock. -1t was compared with anothor slkull which the Doctor had in s oflico. The rock-tombed specimon had o far bot= tor dovalopod cranium In its_sovoral diamotoers, and was oxaotly like tho othor skull oxcopl thnt in ita grontost dinmotor it moasured an ivch and a quarter more. _ Tho inferonco is, that tho nutedituvian, or prondamic mon of this con- tinont woro intollectually bettor dovoloped than tho men of the old world. That may turn ont to bo & vory diatsut sourco of pride to us, as tho holrs of the naw world, soll, and lifo. But thoro aro a great many missing links to find boforo wo tako hold of this olain of thought with much confidonce. If tho Kanasna discovory bo ronl, :} is worthy of a'thorough sciontitic investign- on, —_—— THE TRANSATLANTIC BALLOON. Effortn to Sccure n Lompetont Mis= torinn of the 'TripeeLottcrs from Gon. Butlery Charles A, Dann, Geos ‘W, Childs, and Gen, George B, Mca | Clellnn, Erom the New Fork Graphic, July 29, GEN. B, F. BUTLER. THE GRAPIIC COMPANY, New Yonk, July 11, 1874, Gen, Benjamin F, Dutler: My DeAn 8m: You have doubtloas hoard of the contract between the Graphic Cum[zlany and Massrs, Wiso and Donaldeon, whoroby thoso two gontlomen undortake to cross the Atlantio Ocean in & balloon of vast capacity and onerying powor, which is now in procous of construction, The Graphic Company, degirous of securing tho sorvicas of ono of tho bout writors and foromost moa in tho country, 4 Listoriograplior of tho oxpedition, take sincoro ploasuro in offering this position to you, a¥ o recognition of your ominont abilitios, and your unsurpassed Bt{llu of vigor, incisiveness, and pictorial power. Tho balloon will pail about tho 20th of August next; and thinking that at thissuliry and depressing soason you would probably enjoy o temporary roliof Irom yoursarduous Inbors, and the novel ox- perionces and nesdod rofroshmont tho expedition would- - furnieh,” wo' offor you tho position, with the hiope that you will givo tho Erupnunh .favorablo consideration. Whatever the poople .of Mnssnchusetts may do in.the coming clection, tho . Graphic Company ig willing to afford you an opportuuity to ronch highor olovation than any to which ovon the suftragos of a froa pooplo can carry yon, Yours, vory roipoctfully, MANAGERS OF THE GRAruI0 COMPANY. Bax View, July 24, 1673, To the Managers of the Dafly Graphic: My Dran Sing: I am vory much obliged to you for your invitation to cross tho Atlantic in tho balloon which is to Lo sont up by the Graph- ic, ond I fully agreo to what you ssy—that, it I should accopt tho invitation, I should Liave an opportunity to * reach & lighor olovation than any to which even tho suffrages of s free peoplo can carry me."” " You certainly offer a great temptation to take art in Ltho oxpedition. ~ You forget nnolher in- cemont which, jnst now, might be equally strong with mo, 1 should go boyoud tho rouch of tha mall, tho tolograph, and the nowspapors —at least while I wad at that “ olovation of which you speak. : Buccoss in the groat oxperiment which you are undertaking will do more, in my jud‘;mnm. to phow that the invontion of the art of printing was o bonefit to mankind thau has Loen dono by all the nowspapers of the country siuce the foun- dation of tho Government. — ° I have the honor to e, vnrfi!mly yourd, *Beyg, ¥, BurLen. OUANLES A. DANA. OFFICE OF TiE DAILY Gnu-mc,} July 18, 1873, Charles A, Dana: DeAn Siu: Of course you know all about the roposed transatlautic voyago of Prof. Wisicand r. W. H. Donaldson, under contract with. tho Graphic Company; for _sro mot you .the man in tho " Sun, which shines ovorywhoro, and brings tho hiddon things of tho world fo light 2 Aud tho Graphic Company, spprociating your ominont profes- sional position, aud your offorts in behalf of in- dopondout journalism, takes eincoro plonsure in inviting you to m:comxuny tho proposed oxpedition. on tho 20th of August. Other gon- tlemeu will mako “sciontifie, sunitary, mstliotio, and moral obsorvations, uccording to their soy~ cral proferences; you Will” not be restricted to any special fleld of Investigation, but will bo froo £ ook down on men-und tlngs st ploneurs, aud espocially to study tho delinquencies of. tho Ad- ministration from the highest possiblo point of viow. You may be the more inclined to accept onr invitation from the fact that the uppor cur- ronts of air sweep from southiwest,to northenat, and would earry you far out of he longituio of Philadelphia aul Washington, beyond tho ephora of ‘‘addition, division, and silence," and whora thero aro no Shophords with legal slyoars waiting Lo leeco every sheep with longor wool than tha rent of the flock. Sympathizing with you in your orsocutions, wo tnke sincoro pleasura. in offor- ing you au opportunity of - overcomiug your ono- aiei by rising nbove thom. Very truly, MANAGERS OF THE GrAvIIO CoMPANY, . Epiton's Rooms, OFFICE OF THE BUN, Yrw Yonx, July 19, 1879, } To the Mananers of the Daily Gruphic : 3 T thank you vory cordially for tho kind invita- tion contained in your noto of the 18th inst., sud rogret - that profossionsl ongagements will nob allow mo ta take ndvantago of - 80 . nitractive a proposition. T yomin, With grost sospest, faith- tully yours, _ C. A, Daxa, L GEONGE W. CHILDA. Ovr10% oF THE PUBLIO LEDAER, PurLaveLvia, July 20, 1673, To the Managers of the Daily Graphie : GENTLEMEN : It givos mo plonsure to acknowl- odgo your courteons invitation to sccompan your transatlantio balloon expedition on tho 204 of Auguat, and I thank you very cordiully, for tho opporfunity thus oxtandod to take part in an ovent ko intorosting. I nm strongly impressed with tho boliof that tho capacity of the belioon (in some form) for air navigation is much gronter thau haa yot heon domonstratad, aud I thorofore look upon all sys- tomatio, skillod exporimonts undertakon for uge- £ul purposcs with groat intorcst. Your proeont. entorpriso, as I undorstand it, fs of this charactor,—to tost practicobilitics, and out of them to devolop utilitios,—aud o8 suck is worthy of high praise. 1 would Lave been glad, howover, if our trnined acronauts hind propared tho way for 6o grand an undortaking by nrmcndnnt togt of tho cortainty and coustancy. of the wostorly uppor nir-gurrent by o sorios of oxporimontal voynges for long distances overland from the wost enst~ ward, % But, having ombarked in tho onterprise of an offort to cross the ocean through the instrumen- tality of aoronnuts voudy to twko tho huzard, I hoartily wish yon gnd thiom tho fullost success, TRegrotting st ¥ connot avail myselt of your courtoous offor, I am, yours truly, Geonor: W. Crewps, GEN. GEONGE T. MOLELLAN, To tha Managers of the Daily Graphie: GenrTLeMEN: L bog to acknowledge your very kind invitation to mo to teke passage in tho Graphio balloon, on 1ts spproaching trlp acrosy tho Ktlantic, and to Sxprous my spprociation of the cum"llimom you have paid-mo. I'rogrot that it will not bo possiblo for mo o nvail my- golf of the priviloge. 'Will yon allow wmo to oxpress the sincore sd- miration I feel for tho onergy and dotormination Uisplayed In bringing to n practical solution n quostion of such high interost in a sclentific and practical point of view, Again thankiug you for your vory complimon« tary invitation, I am, varg truly yours, xo, 13, MoULELLAN, New Youx, July 28, 187,, —_— ; worrible Effocts of a Clondburst ! Buakor County, Orve. From the lied Rook (Ore.) Democrat. ‘ On June 29, Union and vieinity was visited by tha honviest raiu and hail storm ever known in this valley. It commenced at 2 e'olook, and in less than” thirty minutos the wholo fnco’of the country was a lake of wator. A waterspout burst on tho hills_diteoctly north of the farms of Mra, Cator and Mrs, D, R. Bouson, about two miles costof ' Union, and the whole fuce of the hill was oue graud, rosriug catornek from ewmmit to baro, tho wator in sgomo of tho gulchen being aix foot deep, washing Lhundrods of tons of utone down Into the road and flolds Lelow, many of which would wolgh from 800 to 600 pounds, hnd to or threo biave boen estimated at 1,000 to 1,600 pounds. It ruined Mr. Denson's gnrrjun and up- rooted somo of his nf:plmlmun; washod down and carriod nway noarly a hinlf-mile of fonco on the Lmwronoce ronch, and ruinod what grnin chaneod to bo in ita way. Tho hatlstonos woro not largo, but.in somo placas thoy fall vory thick, and whoro thoy wore washed in drifta tlioy mny Lio fouind to LLo depth of six inchies. " SUMNER’S LAST LETTER. Discriminrtion Against Negroes in * ' ¢ Publlic Schools. Washington (July 20) l)l;ynl:lk lo the Hoston Advers iser. iner, Bonator Bumnor this afternoon addressod the following reply to o noto of congratulation and gralituile rocontly regelved from the leading colorod eltlzens of tho District : ‘WasuinnTon, July 20, 1873, QextreseN: Iam honored by your commu- nication of July 20, in which, after congratulat- ing mo upon my mknmlng ‘hoalth and oxpressing our sincoro lxu[:cn that I msy resume my labora n tho Bonnto, there to take 1up again the canse of oqual rights, you montion that the colored citizens of Washington aro now ongaged in agitating what you proporly eall “gn common achiool syatom for sll children,” I dosiro to thank son for tho gaod will to mye selt which _yonr communication oxbibits, and for your hopes that may ogain in tihto Sonato tako up tho caugo of aqual rights, Health iteolf is valuablo only aa it cuables us to porform tho duties of lifo, and I know no proa- ont duty moro commanding than that to which {nu rofor. I confess a truc x:lonsnm in learning hat tho colored poople aro ot last rising to taka - ¢ho good cougo into thoir own hands, - bocause through thom its triumph i cortain} but thoy must be in onrnest. Thoy must *jusist and Jnbor; then Iabor and inalet ngain." Only ln this way can indifforenco, which is worso oven than gtubbornness or opposition, be overcome, The open foo can bo mot. Itis bard to denl with that dullness which feels no throb at tho thought of opening to cll comploto oqunlity iu the pursuit of happiness, Permit mo to romind you, ufiuntlomun, that, Uving at tho National Capltal, you have o péoulinr responsibii the warfare for equal rights you aro tho advance guards; somotimes. tho' forlor hopo. You aro animsted to move forward mot only for your own immediate good, but becauso through “you the wholo colored population of the country will bo benofited. What is secured for you will be socured for all, whilo, if you fall, thero is small hope elsowhore, Do mnot forget (and for this thought arouso to incrossed exortion) that %nur triumph will redound to the good of all, Tho District of Columbia is tho placo whera all tho groat roforms born of tho War have bo- gun. It is tho oxporimental garden and nurso wharo all gonorows plauts have been tricd. Emancipation, colorod suflrn:fio‘ the right of col- ored porsons to testify, and thoir right to rido in tho stroet cars,—all thoso bogan Lore, and X ro- momber how well they were all oncountarad. On the abolition of slavery we woro solomnly .warnod that rloté confusion, and cinos would en- sue. Emaneipation took pfincn, and not o voica or sound was hoard oxcopt of peace and glad- ness. I was soborly assurod by ominont politi- ciaus that if colored porsons wero allowod to voto thero would bo o massacro at_tho polla. Then, again, colored testimony was dopreciated whon'it au'fnsiated that the ‘stroot-cars_would be ruined if opened to colored persons. But all theeo chiangos wore beneficent. Nobody would rovorso thom now. Who would ostablish slavery again? ~Who would drive colored citizens from tho polls? Who would exclude him from the court-room? Who would sbut him from the streot - cars? And now tho old ob- jootions aro rovivel and mado to do . morvice again, ‘in order to ‘dofeat offort for the common schools, belng schoola founded on the vory principlo of equal rights recognized in tho olootive frauchise, in thae court-room, and In the stroot-car, If this prine ciplo is just for all tho latter, and nobody says tho contrary now, why hesitato to apply it to' cducation ? ° How ofton wo are onjoined to train tho child in tho way ho should go. Why, then,, compol him in thoso tondor yoars to boar the ban. of oxclusion? Why, ot that enrly period, when improssions are racelved for lifo, impose upon him tho badgo of inforiority? He iatoboa man, thorofors ko muat bo trained to that Aolf- respeat without which thore can bo no true man- hood. But this can bo only by romoving ail ban of oxclusion and _overy badgo of infonorit’f by color. _As tho old objections aro waived, 5o apgain do I presont the great truth, announced. by our fatliors in the Doclasation of Indopoud- once, that all men woro croated equal, Admite' ting this principlo as a rulo of conduct, tho sop- aration of childron in tho public echools on ac- count of color is absolutely indofonsible, In. abolishing it, wo simply bring our schools intos conformity with the =~ requircmonts of tha Declaration. To the objection that this changs will injuro the sehools, 1 reply, this is contrary to oxparience in,other placos whore the comming~ v!iug of childron according to tho.genius of ro- publican inatitutions has beon found oxcollant ininfluence ; and I furthor roply by iusisting now, as I nlwn{s do, upon that juatice to an op~ preesed faco which f:gm boon too long dolayod, and which nover fails to bo a wollapring of strength and happlacss, blossing all who holp it and all who recoive it. Fooling as I do on thig question, you will undorstand that I cannot sea without rogrot any opportunity noglaoted of ad- vaneing tho enuse, oapacinlly amoug my colored. fellow-oitizons, On this thoy should Do o unit. ‘Whorever tho queation presents itself, whethor in Congross or tho legislativo chambers of tho Distriet, or the popular assombly, thore should boa solid voto against overy discrimination on account of color. . It is ensy for Inwyera and poli= ticians to find excuses according to their desiren, but no fine-spun theory of techuicality should Lo allowed to provail ngainst the commanding prin- ciple. Accept my bost wishes, and believo mo, gentloman, your faithful friond, (Signed) Cuanres Bux~eR, e 2 Timely Words to Mothers, From the New York Tribune. Our Quaker friends in Philadolphin, always foremost with usoful practical advico aud he]E, havo latoly issued & pamphlet addrossod to moth- ors on tho subject of the torriblo mortality of lato years among children during tho summer months, and tho meaus, asido from medical aid, of its provention and cure. Tho directions are drawn up by & committeo of the Obstotrical So-~ cioty of Philadolphia, and tho names are thoso of mon who stand highost iy their professiou in the troatmont of childron, Of courso these di- roctions are" espocially intonded for tho poorer classon of mothors, who are unable to fly witl their teothing babies out of the toul air of town, or to keep thom under the constant oversight of » ekillod physician. Wo make an abstract of them, anxious to do our part in avorting tho torsible doom of last, summer from the littla omes, . C First—Perfoct cloanliness is onjoined in every minute particulnr; tha chaugo of night aud day clothing, clesn with each chango. Second—A. bed or cot, apart from its mother, for the child. Third—Plonty of fresh air. ‘[ho baby should bo talon to tha park, the boata that ply up, and down the rivors; the shady sido of broad streotu, or publio squares; kopt carofully out of tho room whero cooking or washing is going on, and givon plonty of ico water to drink. & Fourth—Tho honso kept scrupulonsly cloan, Walla whitownshed ; slopsaud garbage promptly yomoved, and the air purilad by carbolic acid ot quicklima, Fi flh—Tho child, it sick, muat bo kept to the mothor's milkk alono, or, it thnt prove insufl- ciont, to goat's or cow’a mitk, ‘Thero is no safa subatitute for mitk to infants who have not cut thoir frout teoth. No child should be wenned, a8 a rule, until aftor its second summer, Tha food which Nature hns' provided will often pave tha Jifo of & child whon oyorything eluo fails. Sixth—Without the advico of n F“y““‘h“’l na child should bo given spirits, cordials, carming. tives, or soothing wyrups of any kind. Thou~ sand’ of chdldren, tho physiciaus” add, die “every year from the'use of these poisous, In Tact, the sum and substance of these dirco- tions sosm to bo eimply to guard tho child against poisonivg in_air, foul clothos, food, or modicino; which brings us back to the fimat statomont that pure conntry or som air is the ;mly rzhaoluto safoguard for tho lifo of & young nfant. — The Probable Attondance at tho Cens= tennjal Exhibition. From the Philadelphia Press. Tho avorage attondance at thio Vieuna Exhibi- tion for tho first fittoon days of Juno has boon 41,600 daily, und at this rate tho total numbor of visitors for the wholo sorson would be about 7,046,000, Somo may be afraid that, the United Brates not having 80 compact & population an Europe, nor having ite cosmopolitan travel, wa ehall not have as many visitors. Tho faok v, lhowaevor, that one-fourth of tho population of tho Unitod Btatos resides within 260 milos from Philadolphia, and that our pooplo not only have moro monoey o travel with than tho massos of Europoan population, but_they aro infinitoly more {n the babit of traveling. " Tho sentimont of patriotism, tho dealre to oo tho oxhibition ongo, aud the indisposition to bo siugular or out of fashion, will compol an immouso attandunca at our own Doople. . RERS