Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 27, 1873, Page 2

) THE CHICAGD DAILY TRIBUNE FRIDAY JUNI 27, 1873 BACK-PAY. A Defense of the Salary-Grab. With Some Preliminary Remorks on the Credit Mobilier. Address of Senator Matt. H. Car- 4 penter. Delivered at Janesville, Wis, June 26, 1873. TFrurow-Ormizzns: Tho Foriy-socond Cougress passod am act incroasing tho salary of thio Prosidont, mombors of tho Cabinot, Judges of tho Supromo Court, and mombors of Congress; and tho act providod that the Forty-second Congross should recolvo the samo pay that was fixed for subsoquent Congrenses, I gavo thisnct notonly my voto, but my cordlal and cou- sclontious support, And, at tho request of & largo number of your citizens, I havo appoarod bofor you thin evoning to givo Lo reasons which {nducod mo to support this moasura, Gontrasting tho friondly terma fn which your letter alsapproyed of my courao, with tho angry and uerea= xoning vituporation of tho pross, and standing to-night beforo an intolligent audlonce fnolined Lo Inquire bo- foro they decido, and Licar before thoy condomn, I ean approciste, aa novor bafore, tho satisfaction of Paul, who, afterhnving been buffoted bofore subordinato mogistrates, camo at longth to tho seat of Xingly pow- er, sud was informed that ho could spenk for Limaelf. THR COUNTRY LABT WINTER. Dofore comiug to th procise point T intend to dls- enss, Jot ma refer to thie abnormal condition of things oxisling in Waslinglon and tizoughout the country Inat wlutor, which, in my bellof, lins caused tho uproar which followod what s 8o courtcously atyled,—\Tho back-pay steal? I rafer to the Credit Mobilier inveati- gation. : 1f sny ono had gone fn 1861 to meot our troops ss thoy woro fiylug in rout snd confusion from Bull ltun, and biad told thoin that (hey wero simply in a panic; that the Robols woro really whipped; that no encmy was purauing them § that all thoy had lo do was to stop running themnelves to dontly, and alt down on thie grasa and cook thoir supper, it fa {ikely that ho would have Been run ovor and troddon under fool by our reireat- tog eoldiory. Yot cvory ofio now knows that sueh waa ihe cago, and that our army was flecing in hot from adversarics which oxlsted only {n thele own excitod imagl- Dations, A vory ssgucous {rlend of mine, hiinsolf & editor, s told mo that thio same fato will overtakonio If T attompt, just now, to stom the current. He snys thio press b taken 1t posilion, aud, §f X should muc- ceed lu showing that they aro sirong, they wonld bo & Bundrod tmes moro sugry thau thoy now are ; aud thatany attempt to jusiify what tho pressbna so unanimounly condemned will oniy bavo the effect to call forth increascd denunclation,” Thia may all bo so, but T do not eliovo it. Thero §s a tio for all things § o timo to rant, and & timo to renson, Of rauting we Rve lind mors than ecnougl ; somo _one must {neur tho dangor of attempting to reaon, and X may aa wall euflor pd anothier, TANICS, Ponic results from the {nfirmities of human na- ture, It is the sudden rcbellion of fear agalust tho ~ outbority of resson, In & panic men will oy (heir best friends, deatroy them- golves; from ftho best of ‘motives ~ commit tho most sliocking of crimes, In n pailo Athons condemned Socrates to death by hemlock ; and Jeru- selom led the Savior of tho worlil to tho agonies of crucifixion, Pames aro not conflued to military opor- stlons { civil comnmunitics often have their Bull Runs, ‘Ono niotable Ulustration was tho paulc which seized 1o peoplo of London and of all England In_regard to tho suppoed Foplsh plot, Tnking advantage of tho excitement, an infamoua wretch, by tho natne of Titus Osales, thinking bo could seo mcat and drink, coats and pantaloons tn it, of all which o wne very short, omerged from cbcurity and pretended to maka rove- Jations against innocent mon, upon which thoy wora indicted, tried, convicted, drawn, and _quarterod. Oatea wan llonized, roccived pullic ‘ovations, oud waa rogarded 08 o groat boucfactor and patriot, Dut after Iho oxcitoment began to cool, nud men begau Lo reason, the plot was found out to Loa ‘wicked fuven- Hon ; Dates was necertatned to b an impouter, and was souvicted of perjury sud whipped st tho carts tail fhrough tho streots” of London by o Judgmeut of tho samao court, which, upon Lis perjurod teatimony, hed Sondemned gcorca of {nuocent nion to tho gatlowa and but not less fhio gravo, Tiio panic of Inat winter was loss tra ‘0 of tho A romarkable. Tho devitis styled the Prin bo has been a Jong whilo observiug things ; Las scen generations cowio and go, empires riso oud’ fall; and must understand hunin paturo pretty well, 1f thero be any truth in tho concolt of Coleridge, that the dovil somofimes comes down, 4100 visit his snug little farm, {ho earth, Aud seo how hix tuck goes on ¢ 1 I kno nothing mora likely to excite his mirth than (he'Credit Mobilior investigation, And the grav- Ity of even his SBatuulc Majesty must lavo been over- como completely when the drama hud becomo g0 cast, aud the ni.l)\nclern 80 completely jumbled and trans- osod, that Fernando Wood—agfecting a virtue 1f he Efld it not—atood forih as the impeachor of Schuyler Colfax, o man, tho Iatchot of whono elioes, upon any general avorage of public virtues, Fernando Wood is Dot wortly, stooping down, to unloose, NOW, WIAT WA CREDIT MOBILIER? or, as it was ora froquently called, the credit more billious, Tho vers nama of this mohstor, Ao variously pronounced, snd meaning #0 fow know what, cast sus- icion upon all its traneactions, If it was au honest fmng,wuy “wna it not called by an Lioneot, Saxon name 7 Bucli a monstrous appllation must_designato some- Ihing dreadful, Many seem to think that it is a kind of fufornal maching, which reaches its {ron Liand under Jhe vaults of the Troasury, and takes out gold eagles by tho bushel (0 geaiter nmioug melabors of Congrass, Now, 1f it will not make your blood run cold, and your baird atarld on end, X will tell you just what iho Credit Hobilier was, and sliow you {hat it lins niover taken ono Qolisr from 'tho Treasury, nor defrauded tho Govorn- ment ono cent§ and that tho paufo which has thrown forty millions of peoplo futo convulsions, 1a all about nothiug at all, When the siavo States scceded and rafsed an army to overthrow tho Qovernment, 1t bocamo evident to all, that tho Union, the unity of theso Statos, had reachod & foarfulcrisis, Now that wo bavo passed tho danger, and find our feot onco moro upon firin ground, b ror juires an effort o recall the foara that tlien distresaed 0 most lnfinclu\m of our public men. Whethor the Bouth would be recognized by forelgn powora ; whoth- er the war would bo hnrp and short, or long drawn out ; whothor the peoplo would_ondurb the burden of Yazation, and the draft of man nocossary to;put down the rebelllon, were questions of ~miglty li- port. Among the difticultis which surrounded ug, waa the danger {hat tho Paciflo slopo might go with the South, or sccede andt attempt to establish an empire of its own, Thono States lay far distant from tho contre of our country, Thoy had no communica- tion with us excopt over {housauda of miles of dosert, o around Capo Horn, or across the peninsula, Tornia had bolonged to Mexico, Her people’s views in many respocta differed from ours, They nevor did BUDMIL to & paper currency, ovon during the War. Gold waa thele medium, There wore many reasous to fenr that In & genoral convulson aud long war, the Pacific slope would alido out of the Unlon, or attémpt todoso. This would bavo extouded the thestre of wor from ocesn fo ocean, lave compollod us to send largo ormlos to the 'Pucific coast, and have incrensod onormously the cxpouses of tho War, Theso fenrs muy havo been oxaggerated, or altogether without foundation, yct thuy wero cutorlalned, And boyoud ' doubt {lio “most eToctive way of guarding against the danger wan 40 draw thoso Stules nearor to us; Identify them with ua in Intoreat; alford thew facililics for intercommu- pication sud mutual cowmerce, And to this end tho project of a rallroad to the Facific wus entortulned, and it4 oxecution undertaken, All that tho Goyern- ment baw paid or glven or can loso un accouut of thicso Foids doos not cquial, nor Lalf equal, o cont of & siu- lo summer campaign to hold thoso States in the nlou, 'Lheso Fouds lavo nlroady resulted n o waving to the Govermment, in tho wattor of - trausporting troop, supplics, and mails, and tho cessation of fudkn Gostilitles n consequonce of the buildiig uf tha roads, far exceotiy 21l that tho Governmoit lus given of can over lowe, on account of the roads, Without catl- mating perils past, or hopes of the future, the lucreas- Augg commerco of Axfi to bo curried throngl oWr coune try, and ull that which figures caunot express, facts, aud figures enpublo of arithmetical culculation, demont Btrato tho wisdom of the Goverument fn buildiug shicsy rouds, 10W WENE THESE ROADS DUILT 7 Such a glgantlo enterpriso to ba uxootited fn the midet of civil war valled for Govermncntal ald ; and Congres by bio act of July 1, 1662, granted Iands o miuchs to tho muil, and Tosned'tho Louds of thu Unfted Btates to the mnount of $16,000 por wilo, recrving o livn, in eficet & wortgago, upon the ronda to mecure the paymont of boude st tholr maturity, together with such hteroat s the Unitea Stutod hiould havo patd on thu bonda prior to their maturity, The act also pro. yided that ** ull compensation for sorvices reudered for the Government shall bo aypitud 10 tha payimeny of satd bonds ond jutorcst until tho wholo s full pald, . o Audofior haid road is compluted, Ilul{l #aid bouds aud aterest uro paid, st least & per contin of tho net escninga of aaid youd shall be nnnually sp- plied to ko peymcnt thercof,” Th CUmpautes wors unubie, oven with (his ald, to build 1Lp Toads 3 and Congress, by thouct of July 3, 1804, grantod furthor uld, by postponing tha lien of tho auvernment In favor of a mortgsgaanud honds to bo mado and fuspod by tho Companies, to the amonnt of 10,000 por tuile ; and by Beo, & of tho &et provided, * Ut only one-Galf of (o componsation for sorvices toudered for tho Goyernmont by suld Compunles shall b auplicd to tho pnyinent of (o bonds isauod by the Oyvomm(.nt in ald of th conatruction of sald roads,” ‘Thin was undoubtedly o very liboral donstion aud concosulon ou the part of tho Guverumont ; but it wan | miado, and mado Locsusa it was boloved thiat the rosds | couldnol otherwise bo conetructed ¢ und thero is no protenvo that any member of Gongreas voted for oithor of tliche lawa from corrupt or impropor motives, Tho {::;;:;rl:‘]‘)msfddhy l):lo va!lwu(‘l}.:!h ent men in tho countty, achunted, no doubt, Jgh | patriotld motives, BRRSE et TUR CONTRAOT, | Now, what wua the voutract between the Govern- . ment and the rallroud compnutes? Blnply thivs tho | Compandos wers to build and oqulp the road, and for | dolng vo wero to recoivo the lands granted, and tho { bonds of the Government to the amount of $10,000 per il pagablo 0 (histy yenrs; aud tho companlea waro bound to pay at tho moturity'of the bonds, thatis, in Lty years tio amaunt of tho bonds and'all. intorest which the Govornmont should bave paid on the bonds Q up o b0 timo of thelr maturity, and one-hnlf of com- peneation for transportation dous for the Governs mont, and 5 por cond of tho nck oarningm of tho ronds nftor their complotion, to bo applied fo thy of tho bonds ' and ‘intercat, Simply this, nothing more, Now, what hsd boon dori? ‘Tlio come panfes lisvo’ bullt' tho ronds to tho matiafaction of tho " Govornmont, nnd recolved tho bonds, One-half of tho componsation of morvices roudorod for tho Governmont has boon withhold by tho Goyernment, and if thoro b been Any ot onrnings of tho ronds since thelr complatlon § por cant of it lina boon or fa to be sppliod ih paymont of the bondo, Bimply thfs, snd nothing mors, * As tho honda lavo fiot yet matured (o Companien aro mot yot Lblo to pay tho Government, boyond the ono-half compens ratlon for sorvices rondarod for ihio Govornment, and tho B per cent of not earninge, Tho Govorument has got preciasly what it contracted far, and_tho Compa- o have recofvod only what the Gévernmont agreed thioy ohiould recolvo, NOW WITERR I8 TR VRAUD ? 20 contract with & buildor {0 orect mo & houss, and agreo to givo him forty acres of land, and loan him {zionannd dollars for ton yoazs at 7 pr cont s ho docs bulld the houso, I deed him tho land, losn him the wmoney on 1ifs nofo payabls in ten zoar, hun 1 dufran o Ly dolng what 1 agreed to do after 1io Lins dono whit he agreod to do 7 it one of theno compantes, instead of bullding the road itself, contracted Wit n corporation croated by tho Iawn of tho Stato of Ponusylvanis, to bulld tho road, Tho contractor corporation had'nothing to do with o Governmont, 1t was simply tho agont of tho Fallrond company, AB fast oA tho raflrosd_company built tho rond, or catised 1t to bo bul, it recalved tho bonds_from the Govornmant, as tho'act providad it shiould, When tho road was comploted and equippod, 1t was wholly immntorlal to tho Governmont whothor tho railrond company had omployod Isbarora and dono {110 work, or sul-lot 1t to contrnctor to do; tho Gov= ornmont, in_clther cat bound to deliver the ‘bonds to tho rallroad co: iny, and what the rallrond company did with tho bonds after rocelving them from the Govornmient—whothor it gavo thom away, or por- mittod (hom to bo atalon—was not a mattor i whicli tho Gavernment was at nll interoated, Buppoao tho rallrond campany hind comploted thaontirorond atn cost of only £5,000 por milo, it was ontitlod to tho $16,000 bonds, It'thio cont of comploting thio rosd had bean $25,000 por nilo, still thio Company could have recolvod but $16,000, In ofhor words, the contract botween tho Government and tho railrond comprny was this: Tho Company s {0 butld aud equip tha rond to tho satlafaction of tho Govornment, For doing this the Govornment gave tho Company #0 much land, and losned the Com= Dpany $16,000 por milo for thirfy years, Tho loan priacipal and futorost, o bo Fopaid by the Gompany af tho expixation of tho {imo. Or, what wna_equivalont, tho Govornmont delivered ita bonde, which tho Com- ynny could soll mmediattly for_cash; and which the Company wora to oy nt_maturity of tlia bonds, to- gotber Wwith tho Intorest, which the Covernmont sliould, in {he mcantime, Havo pald on ils own bonds, Now, what In the matter? Tho Company has bulli the road to the entinfaction of tho Government, tho Governmont hea accopted tho work and dolivorad its bouda, Al thin was egroed upon, and this, and only thin, has beon dono, Biit you mey eay, thia taall right, bus what bas it al to do with tho Grodit Mobilior 2~ Wiy simply thix, tho corporation with which the rallrond company contract. od fo bufld tho road for it, was called tho Crodit Mo bilfor, That fa all, WAS TREDE A BWINDLE 7 Tut i‘oll ‘may ask, did not tho Oradit Moblllor chieat thio railroad company 7 1 anwwor, I don't know, and T don’t caro, If the rallrond company has any complaint againat tho Crodit Mobiliar, lot it mnke its_complnint and aook taromnedy, Tho Government kg no catso of complnint_ngalnst tho Credit Mobillor, bocauao the Govornment novor had anything to do with that cor- poration, dsmncd by its mystorious name, Buppose you_coutract witk a builder fo bulld or causs to be bullt s cortatn lot, according to stipulatod specifications, within six mon{ha, for which you agreo to give him forty acres of land nd losn him $10,000 on hie note for ten years, Then AUPPOsO your con- tractor sub-lota the contract, and tho sub-contractor Lulida the houss o your enliro satistoction; vou sc- copt it, doed tho forly acres, and loan to your cone tractor thie $10,000 on hia moto for ten years. Then Aupposo it shotld como to your knowledgo that your coutractor bad been cieatod by his sub-contractor, Would you_consider that that Was any business of {ourfl ‘Would any lawyer tell you that you could bring o sult to rodress the wrong which your con- tractor hnd suffered at tho lands of his contractor, Lut which had n no way sffocted you? Again, sup- poso that while you thought your contractor kad becn cheated DLy b sub-contrsctor, your contractor whiould not think no; would you still ool ealled npon to fustituto a suit 'to solllo & wrong between two othier men, when thioy agroed that no wrong had been committed, and 1t wai cortain that you had sufTered nowronga'? That would bo tho prociao caso we are: oonsidering, Lo Unfon Pacifio Railroad Company in u deblor of tho Government, tho debt not yet maturcd, The Government soys ita debtor Las been cheated by an outidor, thie Grodit Mabllier, and eo it Ia- proposorl to Lring suitin nnmoof the Government to kottla matters bolween this rallrond compauy and the Crodit Mobilior, both of thoso compaules agrocing that thoro 18 nothing between them requiring settlement, TILE FAGT 1 BELIEVE TO it TIII3 ¢ that whon tlie Union Pacific Raflroad Company con- tractod with the Credit Mobiller, or mada the contract under which the Credit Mobiller finally constructed tho road, sll partics wero laboriug under & misap- prehension aa to the cost of bullding tho road, It was bupposed that It would Lo very oxpenalvo to construct a road over the Rocky Montaius, and the contract was made In this bollef, Dut it turned out that tho Tocky Mountaina wero only & succession_of inclinod pisncs, and when tho mountains wero reached thoy wvero passcd. Icro_was {ho source of profit mado by tlta Credit Moillor, It was tho ordinary caso of o con- tract which turned out not to be as difficult to perform aa Loth partios supposcd it Lo be when it waa entered fnlo, But what bud the Govornment to do with this? lisd tuo actual cost of the raflroad buen grenier tinu was expectad, tho Credit Mobilicr wonld hiave lost ; s it mmmnm& to bo less, it made. Dut tho Goverfment poid only what it agraed to pay for tho rond, and lad su lan o futoreat {0 W0 aiter aa botweets (o coras ulcs. P Bk, you may eay, i this 1n all 5o, what is thomosn- sug of tho great uuit in tho nsmo of t1:o Unitod Btatos ngalnst maukind in geucral, just comnenced by the ‘Altorney-General, about whiéh the nowspapers aro so {oyous. 1 ik tet} yous; the secret ia this, Congress Lisa css uervo, and, whe In s panio, loss soes of Justice, {han an oqual number of * Schoolmarma,” ussombled in conseation, And, during tho punie of last wintor, auything thot looked liko worrying the Credit BMobi- lier, or anybody else, found cordinl support, CONGRESE DIREOTED A BULT 70 DETERMINE 1, Whethor tho United States should do what It had agroed to do; and 2, To detormiuo wverything elso in which it had no infcrost whatovor, ‘Aud the Attorney-General has entored upon {his bo- Iy crusado; with Vhot rosult we shall 8o when tho Courts pass upou the cage. Tho suit has no parsllol in thio Judicial sunala In noy elvliized country ; and {lie Teal queation to bo determined {s, whether the courts aro s weak in o populnr atorm, 5 Congress has ehow. lself to bo. 41(F; OREDIT MODILTER INVESTIGATION of 1ast winter has loft » staln upon thoe nstion ; and cast & gloom over thuse who bolievo in man's capacity 10r solf-goverumont, Lo freodom of tho pross is in- Qispensnblo to fres institutions, and yot it secomn as though the freedom of tho pross was tho only freedom 1eft i this couniry ; it scomo na_{liough tho freedom of tho pross was abaolto despotlom aa againgt verybody but tho press, Tho prasa frightened Col- fax and Pattorson {nto the idea that to own Mabilior stuck was criruinal and thoyapposred to hayo rushed 1o thu offort to dlsprove thair ownership, Tho proof convinces all men that they wers mistaken, uud tuo uncharitablo that they intended to prevaricato; nud 20 thoso mun who bad Leforo the invoatigation 'dono nothing wortly of cnsure aro © whistled down thy Wind," wrocked and ruined forover, and forty million of peoplo are stampeded with appreliension and alarm, 1Iud these men faced to the front aud eaid, * Yes, wo hiad thls atock, sud Lisd a right to havo it," that would have been tho ond, No men can 83y thot thero 18 any wrong in owning slock 10 tho Credit Mobiller Conie Py more ion owalug alock " a mnatioual busk, of owaing shiocp, whilo Congross moy lay & taril p- on wool, If the stock was given as a bribo, that wua » crime, but no one proteuds this, ‘e men who woro injurod'by tho fuvestigation foll Yictime fo thefr moral cowardics, and the poplo wero thrown into a paulo for absolutoly molbing, 1 linvo dwelt thus long upon this subject, not . b couso T hove any interest fn defonding Credit Mobiifer, but becauae I bulievo tho misspprelivusion in tho pub- Me mind upon this subject 18 tho cause of the censure hich zan beon poured upon thoSalary bill. Ao poo- ple biave been told that every man fu_ publio life s a tblof, and overy publo et corrupt, I 1t can Lo Aliown thut tho Orodit Mobilier han not endangercd our na- tional life, then tho way is 'lmvmrcd to diseuss the back & quest{on, unprejudiced by the supposed Credit Maobiller wickodnioss, T now como ta tho partioular sublect you deslre mo to discuss—the question of DAOK TAT, A Wisconsin nowspaper, speaiting of thor wha sup- yorted this tnuasure, soys: *The miserablo thicven wero in tho humor to rob n Loby of §ts coral, and. nothing conld shanu them, * What right huvo they to Taleo tholr wages at tho end of tho term, O al an; timy? They are publio scrvanis, Ilave other sel vouts wich righta The wholo thing is so outrageou 40 moustrous, that 1t s hurd o sposk of 1t with calm’ ness o moderation,” Tho writer of this paragraph scoms to have ndvancod about a8 far in Christianity as the Phariuco had in tho religlon of Lis timo. Far onough to ho Leonly alive to tho fuulls of iy elyhbore, bt mot fur cuongh to doubt hiw own infallibility, Ito confosaos that e coull no* doal with ealmncks or moderation, And yot botl calmnss and moderation aro couditions of mind with- out which wo ought nover to judgo tho conduct and condumn tho motives of ofhiors; aud & judgment formed wiliout moderation, aud oxpressod i tho lan- gunify of billlugegate, will ‘muko 5o great liupression upon tho minda of eandid_reasoning mon, Lowovor it 1wight o admired by ths Fish-womat who was put to rout_and uttarly silonced, when the wag catlod lior an taoeele trianglo, 1 miny ot bo able {0 convinco you (hat (e sulary bill ought to havo pusaed, or that it is right; but { am greatly decelvod If X caniiob wtlsfy you bt thoro are wo sido Lo the quostiou, and that dfifereut mey moy Duueutly entertain differcnt opinfous in rolatiun to i Lioro ure wiany men who anterlain errancous opitive and make wielakes who oro not thioves; and If you aliould hlnk thnt o ealary bill onght' not to linve boun pussed, it dues not quito follow tlint tho men who entertain a difforont opinion aro.all criminsis, The subloct, on ozaniuation, will Lo fouud to bo & litlo broader than seswu to hve accurred o tho editor who enlored up such s summary fudgniout agajust thoko ‘who supported it, and to invoive uany cousiderations hteh eaant bo properly disposed of, cxeapt by an ox- vaso, fu calmnoas and moderntion, 1T 18 WELL JNOWN thiat when the Coustitution was adopled, great diyor- sity of opiuion oxiated as to (Lo franio of goverument beat adupled (o our wunth, Many royarded tho Diritiel monarchy as tho beat oxisting yovernment on caril, aud consequantly deaired that ours sliould be, 08 vs: scily 0 possible, modelod upon thot, - Eepocially was It bellovod that i oue daparimeit uf tho govarn- ment sbouldrepresont weshlls and not tho poople. Gouvernuur Morria contonlod that thoenats ugil (o ropresent tho property of the country, For fusiance, 1t iodo Taland, witl 100,000 fnbabitunta, had twieo s mnch tazable propesty as Goorgla with 1,000,000 nbibe itants, Rhode Island should have twice the reprevsiia- tion {n tho Beuste that Goorgia bad, In thia he was dofeated, It wea doforalned that tho Bensto should ropronent Slates, Ho thon mado his atand upon tho proposition that Bonstors eliould roceivo no come pousation} bocauro, ho sald, no_ compon- nation wan - paid Honators, ~only el men cowld sl in fho Benaie, and that nano others ought Lo #it thora, + No ono doubted tho, corroctness of Lia resnontng in - regard {o {hio effcot to Lo produced by payiti 1o compennation to Scuntor but ho was defented Locauno tho Convention did_ nof entor(nin his bellof (Lt tho Beonlo ought o b Mled with only rlel men, In other words, no ano queation ed that tho means ho proposed would produce the omil Iio dekdred, but tho majority did_not deatro to prodiico ihat ond, 'And any ono who will ozaming thono dis- ousslons, or consider the subject philonophically, Wil find that ho queationof compendation, or souigtliug 1csa than componnntion, for publio sorvico goes to tha vory oot of tho ditinclion botweon monarcliy and ro. publicanism, It tho pooplo of thia colmiry itenira to govorn_themsclven, desiro that tho lawa should bo mado and adminfatored in tho {nterost of tho peaplo and not in tho fntorest of_capital, thay munt finy tho oxpeuso of govornment, When ti n{ got tired of gov~ oruing, thio capital of i country will tako tha o off tholr Liauds, and admingster the governmont without any compensation whatever, TURN O TIFR MUITIO GOVERNMENT, The theory upon which it rests in, that tho peaplo ouglt to bava 1o volco in mnking tho faws : that prop- erty should govern, Ilow do thoy socura this? ‘Thoy 10y 10 aalary to 8 ‘mombor of Parlisment, What e tho consoquonco? Tho Moueo of Commions ia tho richeat body of mon In England, A poor man might o, tho votea; but whilo o wan sitting in Tarliament iz famlly would taryo, Uicroforo ioobandons tho ol toino rich whocan afford {t, What s ho result? Thoro 1a not a govornment on oatth which makos auch dis- criminations in favor of tho rich; not govornment on carth 50 prodigal of oxponnen, hiox ono which 1nys ite hand 6o beavily upen the poor. Capital fa protocted and labor tazed without n parallel in otlier govorn- monts, Tho means sdoplod sro cunningly doviacd lo scouro tho ond dosired, tho oxclunion of tho poor from all participation in making tho lnws, But thoro #8 ons dopartment of tho Dritish mon- ecly whero (o toory Ls oxactly tho revorma; that fe tho Judiclal dopartment, o the eralit of John Bull, Do and, tnt wlitle Lo maiotatn, that only tho riel sliould havo a voieo In making tho Inw, yot ha admita that thio rich and tho noor alika slionld bo subjeot to tho law aflor iL 1a mado, _Thereforo 5 hobloman who gomnita mucder {s a8 Wkely to swing for i po & In- Dorer. And how i this impartiality between tho rich aud poor accurod Y | Ty to oxact Yevereo of tho pruc. tico In rogard to Yarliamont, From Porllsment noor men aro excluded by tho refural of Governmont to pry snlarics, but the Bench §s loft opon 4o rich and i\cnr alike, and mada equally accesaiblo to both, \? lio payment of 8o high n salary to tho Judgo aatonbof- {eh all distinctions botweon tho rich and poor, It 1 eatimated that a rich nobleman wauld epend $40,000 year as Obief Justico of England, Thereforo England Pagn bor Ohief Justico $40,000 & yoar, and her othor Judgen {n proportlon, with ponaions upon retiring, ‘Aud henco tho poorest man in England can sit on tho eneh, and o tho law 18 administorod impartially bo- twoon tho rich and poor. 1AM NO_ADMINER OF TTIE DIITIAN GOVEMNMENT § ‘but with all her injustico, with Lior opprossion of Ire- 1and, and the blood that étains hor germents in Indin and er ofhior potosatonn, 3ot to ler glory it must bo 6nid that, in noother natfon_on earth fn tho law, aftor 1t 15 mado, 80 mpnrtially npplied to ail classes of Ao~ clety aa in England, Wealth and influence, oven nobla bload, glvo g Immunity to crlmo in a Bllsh conrt. ch and thie poor, tlio nobleman and tho jessnnt, aprinco of tho blood and s necavonger of London stand on s porfect lovol st tho bar of Justico in a Jrit- {8l court, IN AMERIOA, THE THEORY 18 thiat tho rich aud tho poor should bo on a level in mak- ing ns well au adiministering tho laws, and In overy ro- #poct snd in overy particular, 5o far natbio governimont 18 concerncd, - And tho fathcrs, in froming the Con- stilution, ook good caroto scciiro thia end by provid ing sa follows : * Tho Scuators and Represcntativea shall receive n compensation for their sorvices, to bo nsocrinined by Iawy and paid out of tho Tronsury of {bio Uniled States) Mark the significantand emphiatia Inngusge of tho Constitution, 1t is not providod {hat {ho Congress shall hats porcer to fix the Tato of com- ponantion, nor that Congress may, by law, determing What componsatfon the Sonators and mombors shiall Do entitled to recalve, but {ho languago is : * Tho Son- ators and Reproscaintives shall receive a_compenaation Jor theiy gervices, to bo nacertained by law, ani paid out ‘of the Trosaury of the Unitod States’ Supvose a conepiracy 1o citorod futo to-morrow among tho mill- fousires of the Senato, Spragua, of Rhodo Island 3 Znch Chandlor and Ferry, of Michigau; Freling: huysen, of Now Jersoy; Hamilton, of Maryland ; Joncs, 'of Novadn, and ' others, mot fo Tocelvs ny compensation for thefr services, and not o aseo- cinto with or recognize as gentlemon tlioso who should rocolvoany such compensntion, Can thero bo o doubt that such on aristocratical combination to_chango tbo chinractor of tho Scnato, and forco poor men out of tholr neats, would bo s dircct and open violation of tho Conatltution, which oxpressly provides THAT BERATOUS * BIIALL RECEIVE' TIIE COMPENSATION whicl §s fixed by Iow? Cuslom i oy strong as law, and sacial influenco may defy the law, Tho tendency, of late, has been to All tho Sonate with men of woalth. Aud when their numbers shall be increasod, o combl- nation between them, liko that eupposcd, might pro- duco practicnl rovolution of tho Governinent, und o8 tabliah a condition of oflicial }ifo which would mako it 80 uncomfortablo for poor men to hold acats in {ho Benato thnt thoy would doclina to do a0, and give the Bennto aver to tho millionaires of tho country, I ac- quit tho honorablo gentlomen named of any such in- tention ot present. But it Iu worthy of notic that, with thio exception of Simon Csmeron, not a rich man in tlio Sonato voted for tho fucreaso of pay § and I bo lloyo that tho millionaires of tho Bennto to<lny wonld Tajoico to seo n provision engreafted upon the Constitu- tion that no Benator shall roccivo any componcation whatover, IT WAS GAID 1Y A RAGACIOUS 3AN that if he could writo tho songs of & pooplo b Ald not caro who might mako their laws, Tho laws would Diavo to conform to tho eongs, It fa 5o with tho dig- tinctions which social Iifo may establish, Tho Cons stitution guarantees to overy Northern man tho right to emigrafo to snd resldo in tho Bouth, But social ostracism makea this legal right wholly worihless, So o combination smong_wealtliy men in Gongrosh, ea- poclally If thoy ehould constitute & majority, might creoto a depotism undar which poor men eould mat livo, which would practically rocultin alving the Gove crnment into tho Liands of the rich, Indeed nono but Jioor mion aro {ntereated §n keeping ealaries up to tho point of componsation, Tho rich do not desire anla- Ties, 1 salatics wero wholly abolished, only tho rich could participato in tho Government, and this tho rich would rofolca at, I do not chargo tho rich men {n Congress with any bnd intentlon, but I do chiargo that, for tho purpose of making favor witl tho people, they have surrendered what tlioy con, and poor men cannot, afford to; and have violated' tho cxpress commund af tho Constitu- tion thoy hiave Bworn to support, by refusing fo receive what tho Conafitution expressly declores thoy shall receive, the compensation for {lelr services in tho Forty-socond Congreas which is fixed by lass. THR CORATITUTION WAR DERIONED to_provent tho monurchical fendency of permitting publio rervieo without compeneation, and to establish the Government upon tho trio republican basls of compensation for aervices, Tho provislons of tho Constitution in_regard to tho President and Judges of the Bupremo_Court nro tho samo iu {his respect, Tho Preuldent Yaholl recolve,” and tho Judges * shali ro- coivo," a compennation fur thelt sarsiccs. Mark ngain, tha Constitution docs not provido that the Presidant, muerbers of Congrees, ond Judges shall reccive a salarp; that in, oa' tho word means, money onough fo pay for thelr malt; but tho Constitu- tion nayn thoy shall “reculv’ a compensatfon for thetr services.” Comvensation means an_equivalént, And rich men, as well a3 poor mien, are commanded Ly tho Conalithtion to recolve the componeation whioh shall bo fixed by Iaw, And sny Benator who, to pitr- chiase temparaty popularity, Tofuses (ho compensation fizod by Juw, VIOLATFS TIHE CONSTITUTION DY DOIXG 80, 1f th rich do not receive such compensation, thon it will ba a.mark of poverly for any man todo &, This would cetablish n caste, a higher order, at onco ; o rich ring, & combination of habobs. Tho Coustitution pro- vents this, by declaring that tho Prosident, whother xich or poor ; tho Judiges, whother rich or poor, and evory Sonatof and meinbor of Congress, shall receive tho componsation far his serviccs which ahall bo fixed by law, Tho Constitution anys tho Prosident shall re- céive n compensation for his services, That ho shall fake care that the Inwa bo faithfully executed, If h may recelve compensation or not, he may by ihe somo rensoning ace tho lawa executed or not ; oo duty a g imperative as tho other, IT 18 A TOTAL MISTARE to puppose tliat the compensution fealira of thio Con- stitution is morely the privilega of the ofieer, It fu the poor man's giterante of thio right 1o pacticputo in tho making and adminstration of the Inws ; it Iy tho great ropiblican clement, tho vars cornor-stone of domocratie governinent. Tntanchero to-uigh silvosating thotightnof o poor against thonmbitlotis rich ; T am liero to-night to muine tain it _the son of & poor farmier or mochanle, if Lo vo tho nocsasary qualifications, s us tuch right to sit In the Sunato of tho United Statea na tho #on or vandaon of John Jucob Astor, Thisright la securod’ 0 thio song of the poor by tho ‘comrieusation cliugo of thio Constitntton, - And I am hiero to-night IN THE INTEREST OF TIE T0OR, aud in my own Inforest a8 n poor man, to denownco any atiemipt to ovorthirow, or any cowardico which - dernines, the ropublican doqua’ of our Government, that overy publio sorvant shall receivetho compeni- tlon for iy sorvices which Iy ized Ly (o Law of tho and, TUEREK 1§ ANOTIIER CONAIDERATION WORTIT MENTION in Uis connection, A spirited man will not pormit anothier to do him’ any great worvice willout com- ouration. You farmors would not pormit & man to bk for you all smumor without compensation, for two ressons: It would bo injustico to the laborer; and, eecond, you do not desiro to be under obligations you'caunot (llschurgo to any man, You would say, T want your sorvices, hut I niust pay for thom or T will ot havo Uiom, 60 tho peaplo of (o Unilad Statos do not doslrs to bo under obligatfous which thoy cunnot dischargo to {hoir publio porvauts, Therefora tho Coustitution says, as plainly en it says anylhing, the Tresident, tho Juliges, sud the membora of Conifreas shall recefis tho compensution which fa fixed by faw ¢ thoy whall not sorve without compeusation ; wo will uot bo under obligatlonk to them, T om owaro that the Seuators who givo back thelr a ny BKEM TO 1 DOING A GOOD THING | seota to b dolng a favor to tho peoplo; thut'the pross of the oauntry {anow chauling their prajses, I am awnre tuetthis monopoly of popularity only tho rich ean afford to unloy, sud, therofore, the toor mom- bers of Congruss who cannot afford (o give up thole pay oro suffering robuks and consuro, ‘o just tliat exlont the rich uro esalied abavo tho poor, snd the people ate injured far moro by this than thoy are bone. fited by tho fow dollara_which go futa the Treasury. “hio path of Nistory ia atrown with the wreck of freo inutitutionn ; the bitmers aud emblems of man 1bor- tioa lost, Rirely have thu Hbertlea of a peopla buon ovurlbriun byopen violeuce, Ong despotlain sy succoed unolhier by force of urins, but Ropublica are overthrown by {nslilions and sugar-tostod iunoyations ; thio Conutitution, violated in whut fs supposed to bo tho intereta of tho pooply, loses ity sunctlty, and moy be mors eaully violatod again by a domagoguo who wislica to Lo » fyrant, Augustus cetablished o deapotism in Towe, by procecding in tho nawmo of (ko ropublic, which Julius Cuwesr had falled fo cstabllsh by force. Whon this niatior comoa to Lo undaratood, se it will some timo, T havono fuar of the result, “Iho people will not colwont thad a fow milliona shall underiine tlelr xight to portioloato L tho govermuwont by deposs iting $3,000 aploce in the Tressury of the United Blates, IN MY OPINION TRENK 18 BUT ONR QUESTION % in all this businoss, and that n whother $7,00 ba moro than a just componsstion for tho nervices of a Bonator or Rogresonialivo tn Gongrous. T el (horoforo, rnt considor this quostion, 1t a said thiat $7,500 In & Targo aum of money, and that tiero aro_ groal mony labor- Ing men who do ot aco one-half Lint sum in tho wholo coirao of n yoar, Al thia fn truo, but is not quite’ conclusive of fbo subject 'bofors v, When you are sick aud desiro n phy. alclon 3 “when you nro involved in ltigation which louchen sonir fortuns or ynurl"ml.i', yoit do not. ndverliso for thie physiclan or ll\Yryu' who will sorve you at tho loweat componaation, You seloct thio pliysl- clan or tho lawyor whoso sorvicen you profar, and ox- pect (o pay him what Lis _eorvicen aroworth, Boin aclecting o Bonator or mofmbor of Congross, you fix upon tho man you deslra to fill that place, and you oxpect fo pay lim a reasonable compensation for his norvices, 1f you dosire to pay only such compensation a8 will neonro tho morvices of ‘& man_without regaril to Dis qualifications for thio place, $5,000, oven $3,000, in thrown away on o Congrossman, Threo montha’ ad- vertlsing along tha Line of & railond will scciire mon wnougli fo occlipy tho soata of bath Hotinon of Congroas at &) por day, Buch an offor mide to tho Iaborers on » raflroad would {nduco thom to ¢cut izt for Wash- ington fastor than thoy evor out dirt out of a rallro bank, Wiien sou employ a lnoyer or o doctar, o bank casllor, tho President of an Insurance company, or any olllar porson for & partionlar purposs, you do'not inquiro whint Is_thoe smallost sur for which you can omploy & man, but what 5 8 rossonabla compensation for tho survioeh of atich & man 88 you want In tho par- tlcular placo, And this 15 to_bo detormined by sscor- taining what tho samo mon could earn if employed by othiora in the same braneh of businosa. THE PRESIDENT'S BALARY. Tn 1789 Congrosa fixed tho ealary of tho Prosidont nt $25,000 por annum, Probably thoro was noman in the Unlted Hiaten, at that timo, Who had an incomo ex- ceeding thnt sum, Things havo greatly chauged sinca {hen,ond men can now bo found in alinost every counlty whoto incomo cxceods thatmim, The most ablo ‘ond sogaclous of our business men—{lo men who conduct {lio commerce of tho country and its lavgost businoes opera- tions—would rogord it 84 8 vory poor year which did not ylold moro than $25,000 proft, Tho oxponsea of living, too, hava more than doubled sinco that time, T sm award that it 1a slwaya roplicd to this statoment, thint members of Congress ought fo liva vory cconomically, that thoy ought fo imitata tho Puritan simplicity of onr fathors and Lvo sa cnmsfly an thoy aid, Dut how many of you praotico this wis- dom? How many of you llve a8 your fathors livad? Boforo I was 16 years of sgol nover ssw o mrr«t, 8 Bofs, orn plano, Now, low fow of the wollto-do farnjors’ Louses in_thia county Inck thoan luxuries? This gonoration spend moro for childron's toga than our fathors spent in ndllnnflni‘ul. And & mun who sliould go to Wasliington snd Livo'ss somo oditors de- mand o ought to livo, would simply ba TIE LAUONING-8TOOK OF THE NATION, If_yon desiro your represcntatives to equal the rop- sonontatives of athor Slates In Iniluonce nnd powor at Washington, thon they muet lvo with rospoct to the habis and ciatoma which aro practisod_oud obsorved by tlo roprosontaiivon of atlior Siates: aud not to pay a compengation which will cnablo yotir represontativo to livo liko a gontloman, i, 3f ho bo a gontleman, 0 oz~ cludoltm from publio'sorvico, provided he bo alio & poor man, A rich man, 6 X Lava sald boforo, may bo willing ¢o sorvo without nny componsation; but this would glvo tho Government Into tho hauds of tho rich, And it 1a for tho peoplo to dotormine whother, (n theso {nys of consolidated corporations and combining capl- tal, thoy dosiro to surrondor all voico in makiug and cxdouting tho lawn; if so, ich men undoubtedly can ‘be found who will servo in Congresa without regard to compensation ; and then wosball relizo tha ol thoors of tho ricl taxlug caro of tho poor—auch cara aa tho Wolf takes of tho lamb, TWELVE OR FIFTELN YTARS 400, Julgo Towe ond Col, James Iowo werc both prac- Hising low in Groen Bay, Thoy wero both sblo and upright men—possessing tho rospect and confidonce of tlio community in_which thoy resided, Judge Howo went {nto tho sorvico of the Governmont aa & Sonator 5t 83,000 peryear; Col, owo wont into tho servico of & rallrond company st 1,000 per year, Judgo Howo's palary lins boen Increased from tmo to timo until lio now rocelyes $7,600. Col, Howe'a salary hna been fn- creased from 4mo to {imo uniil he now rocoives $12,000, 1would corlainly not say onything against gol. Hewo, 1lo is my fricud, und o gontloman whom 1 groatly respect, and whoso sorvices ta the corpora- tlon which employs him aro undoubledly worth all thieg pny him: but i {8 10 wrong 1o Col. Ifowo to sy that Judgo Howo s hia equal in overy respoct ond particular: that ho In ssoblo and aé honost, aud ossesscs in ns great 8 dogroo tho confidenco of all Lo know him. Ten thousand dollars & year ia not an unuaual sum to be_pald to the President and Oashior of our Irgest banks ond railroad compontes: and yot » Sountor 18 called upon to perform threo {tmes tho labor, aud determino matters involving ffly times tho importanco ot n compensetion of 7,600, ‘WHOSE FAULT 18 3T 7 1 have also heard it enid thut’ thero woro membera of Congresa who could not._earn {ho ssmo smount of money In_any other employment, Conceding this, whoss fault 4412 If tho peoplo of ' Blato ohoose 16 seud n man to Congross whioso best sorvices aro worth- lesa to himself and everybody clao, that fa thelr fault, Thio question fs whot 180 falr componsation for tho servicen of n man who s fit to bo & member of Con- freas? Tako Alozander Aitchll, 0. 1. Waldo, Will am P, Lynde, Governor Washburn, or duy other mon {n our Btuto who would be Iiko to bo elected to Con- gress, and doea anyhody doubt that theso men by ap- plication {0 business cowld mako $7,0600 in a year? And that thelr beat services in 19 gard to mattors which Iuvolvo milllons of dollurs Wonld b fairly worth that sum per yoar 7 AS MONEY-MAKEUS, on {hat members of Congresa of monov, As this la a eirictly confidonitiat-occaston' (1) and I am Bero fu tho capacity of & sorvant to andwor to my masters, let mo sliow yoit Low fant Tam gotting rich by & séat in the Senato, Boveral years ago, I rented tho house I now liva in for £1,000a yoar, Itls on unpretending but comfortablo home. My offico rent {n Milwanken 14 $250 a year, I am compalled to keep my houso and ofico in Milwau- kee, or the newspapers would at onco pay that I had moved out of tho State, and gone to Washington to Tosido, AlLT linvo in thfs world i investad in books. 1 have 7,000 volumes of law-books and about 8,000 vole. wmed of political and lterary works, On these books 1 pay an annual insurance premitim of sbout §1,000, and,aa I nover oxpoct to Lavo anything to leavo for my family, Ikeep my lifo insured for their benefit to tho amount of $i0,000, on_which I psyan anntial promium of $1,400, T cannot renta docent hous furnieliod, In Wasbinglon, short of $2,000, and am compelled to keap an ofiico where my constituonts can find me, and whero I can transnct business with thom oway from 1ho Gesalons of tlio Sonate, Tor {his office, two small roomy, 1 poy ront of $600. Thoso items givo $6,650 of indisponsablo oxpeneo, Thero in ot a meal of Victuals in that sum, no clothing for my family, not o shirt for myself, no Acliool-books for my bables, no earriago hiro, no doctors! bills, no contribie tions for tho preaching of {he goepel, no charitles to the poor, no contribution to pay the exponsea of Wis- conain oflice-scekers, who have failed In their applica. tion and Lave o bo sant bomo ot the ozpenko of the dolegation, s.an_impre <aro malqng Iarge snn TERSONAL EXFERIENOE. A year ago Inat winter I went to Washington, about ho 15th of November, ond roralned thero for over seyon montho, Inboring incessantly ulght and day, Sun- doys ond Motidays, ‘ho samo ainount of Iabor, care, mad zespounibihty bostowed upon yrofessional businead in my ofiico st Milwaukeo would gny $20,000; T recelved 1,500 for it, Dut you may ask how it §s if ¥ wm poor and my nocessary “oxpeusca oxceed my salary, 1 am ablo to stay in Congrens at all, and I proposo to toll you, becauso I am muking o full confeesion, snd a Eub‘lu sorvant §8 ot permitied to havo any privacy; is meats and drinky, his clothing, tho ehape of his sliizt collar, tho syl of Lis coat, all aro paraded before thio publio In_corrospondonco snd ridfouled {n car- toons. In just throo causcs in tho Bupromo Court of thio Umited Staten last yonr, which I propared for rgu= ment during tho summer'at homo, T reccivod $10,600 incashi, My clients woro satinflod’ with my sorvices and my charges, They ueither called me a thief nor abuscd me {o thio pross, This onablod mo to uquare my bank account fvr thio year, fuco Lakers and butch- ors, dactors and dentists, schoolmasters and musle tenchiors, pricsts ond printors, tailora and shocmakors, 1N TUE OELEURATED SLAUGNTED-HOUBK GARES which camo up from Now Orleans, fnvolving tho con- struction of the Fourteonth Amendment to tho Constl- tation, my cllents paid mo o retalning foo of $5,000 buforo I kiad dono anything, v fo writ o recoipt for tho monoy, And it i fromt tho moro aceident {hat T am a lawser and can arguo casea in tho Supramo Court that 1 am enabled to pay my bills and romain fo tho Henste, ‘The services which I rendor on Commit- tots, capocialy o Judlclnry Commiites aad,the Com- mitioo on Priviloges aud Tlections, sro of tho same Xind ns those rendorod by a lawyer. 'Thoy fuvolve tho examination of legal qucations, the drafting of reports nud opiniona in matters involving millions of dollars and requiring groat atudy and labor ; and it must bo quite apparent to any fait-minded msn thot v Iawyer Who can reaclvo two or threo thousand doflara for tho argument of 8 single important case, ought, by devot- Ing tho samo energy aud labor to the business of tho puoplo for rpontha, to bo abla to carn §7,600. 1t you aro satiafied that your presont dolegation do ot 1 tho bill of publia sorvice, do not attend o your Inferests and sequit thomselves roputably, then you onght, o dismirs thom, and send those wWlio can and will bt tho men who can and will, can and will sarn $1,600 8 yoar. 18 MILWAUREE IIOUSE, But, it may bo said, i I have a housn in Milwaukeo, why_ ot Jeavo my family there? Why hixe a houso inl Wiuhington? If you aro toliave s hoaltly adnunislra- tion, 1t must bo af tho hands of men living in o healthy and normal condition, Tho laxity of 1ifo ta restraiued by ho supervision of & wifo, and tho Lonrt s kopt +liva to o bottor feclinga of ohr gatura by the aweot Voices #nd_ tendor touch of childron, Membors of Congress will Linvy familics in Washington, It fa batter thint_ thoy shontd havo their acn, _But you may eay, why not bonrd in Washington? I 'tried (hat twoyoars ! Y boarded at Willard's Hotel, ana for threo” sma Fooms and our meals I liad o' pay $400 per month, This in moro cxponsivo than lounokceping, Trio economy would Lo to buy » Louso thoro, which might Thicreuso iu yalue, o tho ront would cost notbiug, Liut only the ich cany be economifcal, OUARITY, The calls upon o motber of Congress for charity are Incossant, Culamitica resulting from the war have thrown Lindreds of poor peoplo upon Washingto from all the Blaten. ‘Tho day I loft Washington an old Wisconsn womnn, 60 yeara of age sud o widow, Who Dus beoy struggling for years to tuko caro of four chile dren, cumo aud fuformiod mo fhat bor Hittlo girl 12 voars old wae doad, Bho liad beew slok threo woeks, Ttho doctor's bills and modieino had oxhaustod her scant storo, and sho Liad not a dollar to bury lior doad childt, 1 inquivad what the funoral would “cost ; she Gnid sho woitld get along docontly With $50, T thotight thut reasonablo -nml[‘h. and gnve hor the monoy—out of my back puy | Calls upou YOUF nympathy you cane Jiot resist avo almost dally mado; snd I havo always Fegardod myuelf us ono of tho disbursing ogants of TProvidonca: and thio monoy I hivo earnod I have 8liod, as the rulus of heavou fall, upon tho Just and tho unjust, the evil and the good,” I'wiil ecntor into a contract witls any man 0 puy my oharitios for tho to yeura I havo to romain in tha Hunato, and pay him $500 Avesrtodoso; and I will venturo {bo prodiction, Lhiat, at ho oud'af tho terw, ko would nood” back pay to afjuare bis accounts, HUT 7 PAKS FRLOM TITA FOTNT Decauso T do not undorstand (hiat auy scrious objection {s mado to tho eum which js Sxed by tho lato nct of Congresn, 8o far aa 1 lisvo acon tho eriticsma of the presa It {n aumittod thiat tho atim fixed fn ressonable nougli ; but tho objoction mada s Llint tho Fortyspece ond Gonigreas votod Uiat um to thomnclves, In other words, {lio objoctlon 18 not to thio pag, but to tho "back pay"hatt la stylod, ¥ inonid. that wiion aman fs olected to Congross, hts accoplance to thio oflico amotinis to s contract that o wiilsorvo for tha perlod for wlilcl he i olocted at tho pay fixed by Iaw, and lenco that ity dirhonest foy Oungreasman to volo to increats hiia compensation for hint term, It tho promiss can be maintal ned, the ron- cliisfon i drrenfatible, Lot us, thereforo, ace upon what ground this l|lpl:l7lm| coniraot reats, It carlainly finde no warrapt §n the Conatitution, aud I slnll show that it has no support by the precedonta, TITR QONGTITUTION TROVIDRS 4hnd membors of Guugrees shall rocolvon compensation for Uhioir morvice, to by anceriainod by law, o bo patd out of tlio Treantiry of tho United Statos, ' Whon tho firat Congress assombled, ono of tho nbaolut duties {mposcd upon them was 0. fix thoir own componsa- tion, Tho Conatitution doclarcd that mombora showld “racelve n componsation,” It nlao declared that atioh & componnation showd bo fzod by law.” Congress could recelvo no componsation untll tho law was pummed, and Congrosa nlono could pams tho 1aw: and ‘Whethier thoy passod such low on tho first or Inst dry of tiolr acasfon could mko no difforonco, Thioy might have iz0d upon a sum, on tho frst day of tho nession, eatimated to be suflieiont compensation, and thoroafter havo incronsod or diminished it au’ thoy thought ropor; or thoy could walt until near tho clono of their lorm, and thon fix tho componsation onco for ail, Whon tho sccond Qongress convened, thoy wore aa compatont fo fix tholr own compeusation as tho ‘frat Congresn woro fo fix tholrs, 1t fa n wolkscttlod _principle that no loglalative body can bind its successors, and that ony Congress mny altor, amond, or ropcal any Iaw of » formar Gongress’ sad Whother'this bo dons on tho firat or lst day o thelr torm muntbo wholly fmmatorial 3 and tho samo thing may bo aald of overy Congress from tlio rat to {ho lnst, If the Forty-wocond Congress had, on tha firat day of ita seselon, passod a law fixing the come peimation of Congressmén at #1800, It would not oo oen objected that It wan votlng back pay, and yot THE RESULT WOULD NAVE BDEEN PRECISELY THR BAE, Each Congressman would isve recolved {the samo, and tho Govorment would have paid it, It s, thoro- fore, practically immatorial whetlior tho Dill was pansod on tho first or Iaat day of tho sesalon. If you woro to omploy an agont o (ake charge of your bunl- ness abroad, with the diatinct sgreomont that he might {nko from your funds whatovor he thought Lo WA oue titlod (o for bis aorvicos, and that if ho ina 1ot Batis- flod with the sum at first fized by bim, e might alter or chaugo it at nny tme during hin torm of - service ou would hardly bo justified fn calllug him o_thlef if o should do what you hnd sgreod Lo might do, Aud ok this in proctsoly tho caro undor considoration, The Inw which fixoa this componsation in liko overy otlior Inw subjeot to nmendmunt at nny time, This is constitutlonal cerlainty, TUENE CAN TE No 00NTRAOT, oxproas or fmplied that, Congress shll'not do what tho Constitution expressly doclarcs it may do, Buck # contract, 4f mado and redacod to writing, would bo abeolutoly’ vold ; and sny membor of aithier Houso might bo, and otght to ba, expolled, Wwho sliouid tako Lis scat under o promiso not to voto according to his Jjudgment or consclonco upon any queation over which Congress has constitutional Jurisdiction, No Iawyor, no layman with o particlo of sonso, will’ dony that {hio Conatitution oxpressly authorizes tombirs of Gongross (o fix. thelr own corpenantion and to nitor tho sount at any time, every day if thoy chiose, dur- fug thelr torm ; for tho slmplo roason thiot thoy may ltor tlo law ofery day, aud tho Jaw delerminta Uin compousotion, And 6 soy that thoro s nny other contract botwoen o roprasontativo and his constifu. cnta thon is contalned in tho Constitution, or that there can bo a contract which contravenes thio Consti~ tutfon, i almply absurd, A proposition was onco sumitted to the Statos to pro- vont Congreas from fizing its own poy, and waa ro- Jocted by nino Statos and adoptod by only four, Ths Teason boing, that ono Congross might fix thio ‘pay of another solow &a to du-o\'sm its sittingat all, A party, defoatod at tho fal eloction, might in pito and_angor do injuatice to tho next Gonigroen o bo composed of mon of tho. other political party, But not only would such s contract {f actually mado o both vold and criminal, but thore i not he slight~ et foundation for tho sscrtion that such u coutract is oven implied, Tiad tho practico of tho Governmont been woll cstabilshed that no Congresa should increnso its own pay, though it might increasn tho pry of sub- sequent Gogronses, then it might bo asid ihat, such was tho underatanding of tho paoplo when partioular Congress was olocted, But tho fact Lappeus to bo ox- ety tho rovorso, Tlire haa movor bocnon Increaso or deorenso of pay fhat did notapply to tho Congress voting {t. Bothat tho fmplied contract is ot thnt each Congreea shall not, but that thoy may, 1 they think propor, increaso their own poy. TIHIA CAN DE MADE VEINY PLATN by reforring to thoprecedents, Tho pay has been in- cresod noveral times, snd onco decreasad, It was rafscd from $6 per day (o $1,600 per yoar, Immedi- sicly aftor tho war of 1812, when the country was very poor and groatly ecmbarrassod, ft was objected that $1,500 waa too largon componsation. The Con- gresa which had been clected whilo tho law fixod the compensntion at $1,600 reduced it to §8 por day, Upon i thory now ‘mafntaincd, that Congresa would hinvo boen Justifiod in drawing $1,500 themaolyes, ducing the pay of tho next Congress to $8 day} hecuino thoy bnd been olocted. whon tho sNacy was $1,6003 but they did not #o undermtand tholr duty. Thoy underatoad 1t to be their duty to fixa r:unnnh{u compenntion; nnd they thought, undor tho clrcum- utances of tho ‘country, $8a day 'wan sufiicient; and they applied tho rediction to themsclves as woll aa to succoeding Congreses, GONGIEASMEN'S PAY. By tho act of Aug. 10, 1850, tho compor Congressmen was increasod from $8 por day to §,000 por year ; uud wna applled fo that Congresa ; that {a {nting back to March 4, 1855, mearly 18 ‘months, Tho puy was ngaln increaked from $,000 to $5,000 por onuum, by 1ho actof July 24 1806, and apriled to {lint Oongross 3 that s dating back fo March 4, 1805, nonrly 16 monthe, In both theso cases the incronse of pay wan gomowhat criticisod by tho proes, butin neither caic, 80 far 83 I am swWaro, was an objection mado be- cando the pay waa applicd'to thio Conggoss which voted it. It s too clear to roquiro claborafion that there fa 1o difference in principlo botweon voting back pay for 10 or 18 or 24 months, If tho doctrine now contended for, that & mewber of Congross ia undor_contract liot to fnoreaen bis poy boond, (b amount txed by lsw at tho time Lo wos olcctod, bo wound 3 andif it bo truc, a4 now contended, that auy member who takes back pay 18 o thief, thed overy man who voled for or against ack pay in any formor Congress, and afior- ‘wards receivod such back pay, s alao a thiof, *TIOU BIALT NOT STEAL ” is o _continuing command; ond whatover amounta to ploaling mow has been stealing over winco tho gavern- mont was ealablished, 18 any man quite bold onough to denounce the mou who in our past historyhave done_this thing ne thiovea? Will uny candid man brand thom ns receivers of atolen money? If so thiero ia ono consolation for tho mombers of tho last Congresn ; nlthough wo nro thioves wo sro only thievea ng all our fathers wore, ond therefore not degencrate oiia. ation of WHO THEY WERE, But bofore we pasa this Lmsty judgment let s seo for tho momant who wero the e, who In 1856 and 1806, rocelved back pay. In 1856 cvery Sonator ro- ceived tho back pay which was authorized by thet uct, “Tho Benators from New Hampshizo wero John P, Halo 2nd Jomes Tell ; Massachusetts, Clinrles Sumnor and Tienry Wilson; Vermont, Bolomon Foot and Jacob Collnmer ; New York, Hamfllon Fish and Willinn 11, Boward ; Dolawaro, Jomes A, Dayard and John . Clayton ; Kontucky, John B, Thiompson and John J. Critfonden ; Tonnestoo, Joln O, Jones sud Joln Tioll ; Ohio, Denjamin F. {Yado and Goorgo B Pugh ; Iiknols, Stephes A, Dovgles and Lymsn Trumbull | Duino, Hannibal Hamlin and Willisw Pilt Fessendon | ichigon, Lowla Oass and Chiarles B, Blowart: Toxne, Thoman J, Rusk nnd Sumucl Iouston ; Wisconsin, Henry Dodge and Charles Durkee, ANOTHER DATOM. In 1869, tho memibars of {ho Scnate who rocolved ‘Dack pay voted by the act of that year, include the fol- Jowinig hamea : Iilinols, Eyman Trumbull and Richard Yotes; Indinna, Henry 8, Land and T, A, Hondricks ; , Garrett Davis and James Guthrio; Maine, Orrill sud Willlam Pitt Fessondon'; Mory: 1and, Reverdy Johneon aud J, A, J, Crosswoll ; Mosen- chusotts, Oharles Sumnor and Loury Wilson; Netw Hampshiro, Doniel Olark and A, I Cragluj Now Jerdoy, Willlam Wright and Jobn P Btockton ; ¥ 'New York, Ira Hoarriss and_ E, D, Morgan; Ohio, B, F. Wado and John Slierman ; Oregon, J, W, Nesmith and Georgo I, Will- fams; Rhode Island, Henry D, Anthouy and Willlam T, Bpruguo; Vermont, Goorge ¥, Edmunda and Luko P, Poland ; Michigan Zackariah Chandler aud dncob M, Howard ; Minuesots, Alexander Rutusoy and Danicl Norton; Wisconsin, Jumea R, Doolittlo and T, O, 1lowo, " I# thero any mon hera (his ovening quito will- ing to'brand these mon as thieves or tha recoivers of slolon money? In 1800 tho delegation from Wisconsin in tho Hous, consfated of O, 0, Wushburn, I, 0, Slosu, Fhiletus Sawyer, and Walter D, McIndoe, Mr, Wash- burn voted for tho bill; Philcfus Sawyer sgalnst it} #loan and McIndoe did not voto. All' four recolve the bick pay votod by the bill, 1athero auy man hero to-niglt wlhio fy willing to brand Gov, Washburn as a thief? Willing to doclaro that Sloan, McIndos, nnd Sawyar woro the recelvoru of stolen monoy? If tho nanies abovo mentionod uro uot chorlshied and hullow- ed In Ameriean lustory, upun what numea reat the halo of Americon glory? TUE MEN WIIO AVE STOOD BY PRINCIPLE, themen of both partion who are most osteawed and whoso memorios aro most. chorlshied are found in thin 1lut of men who receivod back pay, Thercfore to brand tho rocelviug of back psyan the recelving of atolon ‘monuy, 18 to broud those I whorm Wo glory s thioycs, If Halo and Bell, Bnmner and Wilson, Foote and Cole Tamer, Fish and Soward, Btockton aul Wright, Bayard and Olayton, Thompson and Orittonden, Jones and Boll, Wade, Pughi and Sherman, Douglas, ‘Trumbull aud Yates, Hamlin, Fossonden and Morrill, Cass and Btuart, Rusk and Houston, Dodgeo and Durkeo, Lane aud Hendrloks, Davia sud Guthrlo, Morrill and Foamon- dou, dohuson’ and_Creswell, Wright snd Stockton, Harrle and Morgan, Wado and Bherman, Neamith and Williams, Anthouy ond Spraguo, Edmunds and Po- land, Zack Ohandlor and Juke Howard, Ramasy and Norlon, and T, O, owo ara_all (hioves, or tha receiv- ors of btolon Mmooy, then ho who stoals, or reculves stolen mouoy must be adiutited to bo iu nlost oxcollont company ; and If driven to muko my clection X hould profer t0 bo classed with thoso JUATIER TIAN WITIT TIELR PIESENT ACOUSENS, Thia list of thoso Lioroloforo supposed to desurvo woll of thel_country, and to ave added to I1s glory, but who aro now braiidud a8 thioves, or rocclvers of stolen money, might bo fucreased Ly reforriug o tho munbora of tho oo of Rupresontatives, for Ueio two years ; whichi I have not done oxcept to {ho mom- Dors from our own Btato. All tho membors of tho Houto i 1850, and 1800, recolvad their Lack pay, ex- copt one, whoj it s ald, wont lome to his couslituc onts and ran 'for_re-oluction, principally upon tho grouud of his mordt fn rofusing back pay, Ho was dofeated ; and, 1t 1a sald, efterwaeds roturned to Wasl- ington and fl\lumt:ell to draw his back pay, but found tuat ho wus too late, JUDUE MOWE'S FORITION, 1 am very happy tohiava niy collougus (Judge Towo's) pormisaion to aay Lo you Lo-uiyity thsty uitiouyhs Lo hought it wak not bést to s tho incroascd Holary bill at tho Iast seaston, and thereforo votod sgatnal ity yot, that ho belioves $7,600 14 not above a falr compon- watlon for his services ; that ho Lau drawn the monoy, and sces 110 reason for returniug-it. Although Judgo Howo voted agatnst tho bill, aud I voled for i, tho oulydiference of opinfon betwesn us was, thal thought that tho Inat soanfon wan niot & favorablo ttmo fo dorigit; X bolleved, aa I invo Kwaya bellovod, that 1t waw right'to do right'at any timo, And always, UPON WITAT IRINOCIPLR 7 Dut upon what rr}nnlp]n 177,500 bo no more than o fair_componsation for (lio sorviosa of Bonator or Repreaontative in Oongeess, whioh 1s generally con. ceded, and very onaily provad ; upon whnt prinoiplo of Jumticooroquity can the poople dany that comporantion o tlio Toriy-niocond Congress? It haa beon satd, 1 Xnow, that thelr sorvicen wora rondercd upon a con- tract,’ T linve (rlod o show that proposition unaound, Dut concating ia sounduesn, anppoto ya had hirod man lolabor for you through tho summor, at $12 per month, bub at the oxpiration of his torm'af ervico OU Woro porfootly satisflod hia porvioca had Leon orth $16 por month, Truo, In suol & cato, you could nok ba compelled by & court o Ray inoro Uiz o ntip. ulated compensation, But could you, os an honest man, tirn bim from your farn with lcos than what you ' bolioved Lis sorvices had boon falrly worth 7 Conld you take advantago of Lis contract to @0 him injuntioe, and sulll preserve vour self reapect? Could you do so and say that you had done unto him as you 1ol tofah hdm to do to yous under similar ciratim- stancea? Bupposo you ean compol a man to Inbor for you nt leas than a falr componsation for his services, a1t honest to do a0} THE SLAVENOLDEN OF TR EOUTH DID NOTMING aonm, ;o bad the power to compal hia slave to work with out componsation ; the law of tho State gavo him that power. 1o oxeralsed It, and onjogod tho frutt of tin- compansatod toll, _Tho world dononncad it aa n swick~ odness, ow In prinolple theao two cases differ, o copt that in ono caso tho fower to do_wrong waa con— forrod by law and tho ather by contract, I loave to casufsta to sottlo, That portion of the press now employed in attompt- Ing to convinco peoplo Lhiat thoeo who_ supporled tha snlary bill of Iast wintor, are thioves, aro parading tho Tettors of Bonator Baynrd, Vico-Prealilent Wilson, Gon. Tarnaworthi, Olarkson N, Pottor, and othors, in' cone frmation of thiolr theory. OLARKSON N, POTTER, a8, T bollove, the first momber of Congress who turn- ed out to be too virtuous 1o recolvo s back pay. o ia thoroforo entitld to consplouous mention, Glarke gon N, Pottor In one of thio woulthy mon of Now York, Throo or four {housand dollars with him would not mako & ripplo on his bank account. Ife votod for this blll} tho proay ralsed a howl: aud ho squaied, o Trolaa leltor donating bia Lack-pay to tho Govorn- mont, Of course, his lottar waa not fntended for pube Ucation, Mo laa Obristian; and Olristisns aro_come Janndod st an glving sl tho Iaft hand shall not Jnow what tho right hand’doos, But the proas gota overytling, Thoy got Potter's lotter, All to Xoop It private proved unayailing; and thus the hidden springs of lis plous heart wors lald baro to the &z0 of B vulgar world, How his sonsilivo naturo must bave recotled from this utiauthorized publicily ivon to hi L1tilo benofaotdons, But what coulibhodoh An injunction againat tho nowapapers would only have mado tho matler yet moro publlo, Ho Poiter . " Sugfra in silencs and 1n socred tcecps ¥ 2t tho fll-menners of tho (Jroet, Some enl-diaposed porsons havo suggoatud that Totter, bolug a very wealthy man, could afford to give $3,000 or $4,000 for Dbuncombo, aid that ko regards thin ae the bost invost— mmont of o kind ho over made ; and i support of thia thoory they polnt to tho fact that ho voled for this very bill ; and thoy eay that all tho time ho intendod to play o fino ploco of demagogism, and desired to bavo tho monoy for tlist purpose’ voled from tho Troasury, It s truo thal, if 1o such appropristion nt bLad beon mado, Mr., Potter could have donated thi smount from his own pockot ; and that lie ia porfoct 1y ablo to do so, ond, ured the lp%rnprlluon 0 tho al- ‘having secu - by his vote, it coat him nuz?m.g 10 seom to moner of o nation, Bt givo 1o erodenc o theno susplclons, o gréateat and bost of mon, I tlels B ways, ate too Bomo ainlator purposc, " Tids s Ston uapotion bt ** The spu; That patlont mertt of the unwortLy takbs." 1 AM DOUND TO DELIEVE that although Mr, Poltor voted for this bill, ho was suddenly convarted by the uproar of the press to belleve that he ind made o mistake, and that he actod consclentiously and 1ot _oatentatiotisly in danating tho money to tho Govornment. end, 1 regro that lio ld ot donato thousand or two miore than tho back pay that holnd vated into bis own pockot, Dut far bo it from moto Ax tho Lmit to which Lia genorosity shall_rencl, And o too, it must bo con- fensed, that the vrlest Tascal in tho land, Boss Twoed, for_itslance, may desorve bottor of tho peoplo thar Clarkaon N, ‘Potlor, by donnting s thousand or two more. Did Sonator Bayard really fntend to give the support of hia oxample and_opinion to a prxugxipln Wwhich fxcn upon tho brow of hisnged fathor tho brand of * thiof 7" DID BENATOR WILSON intend to declaro that howosn thief in 1856 and in 1800, tchen he both voted for and received, back pay 7 "And docs lio mean, by Tourning. bla back Ay 88 Sonntor to tho Treasury, to promiso that for four yenrs to como, ho will not enjoy tho bonefit of tha increaso of pay volod subsoquent” to his cloction as Vice-Prosl- deut? And vt it 48 not apparont that if ho shall re— colvo a dollar of extra pay under tho act of tha lato Congress, 88 Vice-President, howill bo doing_ what ho now claims credit for not doing, by rofusing hls back ay 88 Sonator 7 Mo was olotod Vioo-Presidont in fovombor, in 1872 ; the incronso of compensstion for thint offico was votod tho 3d of Maroh, 1873, He cannot tako a doliar of that increasod compeasntion durlg his four years term of officons Vico-President, withont violating the protonded contract he ontered into b Doing elected in Novomber last, Does Gon, Farnawort doalro to givo out tho idea that ho did anything wrong 1n toting aud recolving back payin 18067 T am satif- fiod ticse, gontiomen will rocoll from tho conclusion logleally deaucablo from their recent conduct, WHY 18 IT, that men who votod for, and rocélvod back pay in 3850, and in 1868, now rofuse to do the mamo ibing? I auwwer thst the Crodit Mobilior investigation of last wintor so discascd he publie’ mind, and produced such & morbid publi morality, that things which aro Jeetoctly rlght, ars regardod as wrong; and thoso e nck thonerva to facos storm ovon in dofense of & principlo, Honry Wildon and Gen, Farnsworth, ond others who votad for back pay in former yoars, and ro- colved §t from tho Treasury, aro now claiming popular approbation for not doing prociscly what thoy Lad dono before, 1¢ it s o Isrceuy, or a losior wrong, to recoiva back pay for servicos Ini the Forty-second Gon- ces, which theao men admit by refusing it, then it is arceny, or a lersor wrong, for the samo mea'to receivo ‘ack pay in 1860, ‘WASHINGTON Joft the impross of his chnracter upon his own and succcoding genorations, Jofferson, Madison, Haue flton end others gave an impulsa {o public thought, and fixed a standard of public virtus undor which wo bave grown to ben great and Unupy peopls, ut it s lett for Onkos Amen o Lift the alandard of publio | virtuo cloan out of mortal reach and clean out of hu- mun sight, Things which, viewed in tho light of our Savior's teachings, and catimated by the standard of human moralily, sro 8 harmless aa tho coolngs of a dove, are larcentes, mortal eina, in tho light of 1873, and catimnted by tho standard of alsrm and fright croated by Oakos Amea and tho Crodit Ao Dilier investigation, Enrthquakes somotimea como ond storms eomotimes rago; but the earth will not always rock, nor tho rains ‘alwayasall; and wo moy h(;o,pn that ‘the presont soro, fidgety, s{ckly morality will sometime give placo to tho manly and Lealthy vir- tuo taught by tho Mastor of Nazaroth, THE SUNDAY ORDINANCE. Paper Presented to the Mayor by tho Comumitteo of Scventy, Cuicaao, Juno 35, 1873, Dear Sm: We herewith prosent to yous furthor list of 67 convictions for violation of tho Bunday ordinance,—making, in addition to those borotofora tranémitted, & total of 857 convictiona now before you. - We would also respectfully call your attention to Boo, 34 of tho act approved Fab, 15, 1865, to amond the City Charter, a8 follows: Licenses to soll liquor shull notbo granted to any ponion ut thie party in actual poascselon of tho prem- [noa in which liquor sholl be sold; and no lconss shall bo granted o fomalos, except upon tho recommenda- tion of & majority of the mombors of the Committeo ou Liconsos of sald city, And tho Mayor of said city 1asy, in his dlecrotion, révoko all licensos hold in vlolation of this scction, nd all Lconces held or granted to any porson who may bo convicted of gambling, immorality, or keoplug a disordorly house, And no license shull hereaftor bo fssued or grantod to any person convicted aa aforessid, oxcept upon tho recommendation of not Joas than six reputable houseliolders living in tho neigh= borhood of tho applicant and the Board of Police, §\The violation of the Bunday ordinaunce is an jmmornlity ; the following authorities loave no doubt upon tho subjock : Bir William Blackstons says : Toaides tho notorious indocency and scandal of per- mitting any gooula buslnoss to b pbilcly transacted on that doy in 3 country professing Obriatianity, aud tho corruption of miorals which usually follows ita Frofauation, tho keopiug of ono day In soven loly, ms & imo of rolaxation aud rofreshmout, s well a3 for pub- 1o worshilp, 18 of adwirablo servico {o a Btate, considor- od morely es a civil institution, It humanizos, by tho helpof conversation and society, tho mannors of tho lower classos, which would otherwise dogonerato into nsordld foracity and savage selfishness of spirit; it enablea the fudustrious workman to pursuc Lis occus pation In tho ensuing week with hoalth snd choorful- nous ; It imprinta on tho iinds of tha pooplo that sense of thedr duty toGod #o necesaury to mako thien good citizoun, but which yot would ba worn out and dofaced by sn_unromitted continuanco of Iabor, without suy sistad trsos of reealling them to tho worship of thofr ke, Consoquently profanation of the Yiord's day, by worls or other unlawful oxoreiso, was prohib- itod and puniskod by the municipal law of Eng- land,—4 Ilackstone, 63, This is tho doctrine of tho common law, which 18 in forco in this 8tato. ‘Upon theso principles aro foundod those sec- tions of our Criminal Code against keoping opon tippling-housos on tho Babbath day or night, agnmnst Bunday Iabor or amusement, and the dis- :lurbiug of fumilios or cougrogations upon that ny. Thoy aro classcd as offonsos against tho publle morality, hoalth, and polico, and have tho same demoralizing effoots upon the community as grmbling, fornieatlon, the sealo of lottery-tickots, or othor misbohaviora enumerated in that divi- slon of tho eriminal code, Indoed, ]u(l‘gml by the popular as woll as the logal signification of tho word immoralily, tho violation of the Bunday- ordinance atands st tho boad of thatclaus of offennos, as it is ono of tho most officiont causes % tthiu commlssion of all tho other offenses in at olass, “Immoralty" s defined by Wobsater to be ¢ gn jmmoral ict or practico."” “‘Tmmoral—Inconsistent with rectitude; not moral,” +¢ Morality—Thoe conformity of an act to the Divine lawj; also, the practice of the moral and nocinl duttos ; oxtornal virtuo s the quality of an wt!on which rondors it good," Moral—Conformed Lo rulos of Iaw and right in extorior daantmunt or to tho Divine law ro- apooting social dutios,” It noods but slight obsorvation of the bad of- foota of a violation of tho Sunday-ordinance to prove to candid mindn that its virtuo does nok rost ontiraly upon the moral codo of Mosos, whero violation of tho Babbath is ranked in the, samo olnen of immoral acts s murdor, thoft, or adultory. By virtue wo monan protical adaptn- bllity to scctiro uncful ends, wh{)uh In shown by tho bonofleial rosults of ita obkorvanco, aud tho mianifold ovil whioh follow itn broncl,. n o Jargo scuso, overy orlmo or mij 18 an immorality, a non‘conformity to "ffi'&“fi!‘n’.?i of law and rle oatablishad by Lhe law-making ‘ower orl a Biato, fl:““‘“l'd according to overy hoory of governmont, resido the i, - u&'h:“c? lfillu?» 5. ight to ostab 0 following Amorican anthorities dec] $hint Bunday {8 o day of logalized rost, nn!orég; by logal sanctions ;" and that keoping n grocery- daor opon on the Sabbath is & tomptntion tovice, and thordfora crimiunl, snd s not In ligolf inno. cont, or ovon indifforont; but it {s, on tho con- trary, highly vicious and domoralizing in its ton- ggmb nnl&t;t‘:’knlng th% "snnsuu 1cnt propriety and noy ; whila Sundny-] morality and the good of uoclnly{ ik Commonwealth va, Wolf, 8 8, & Tt,, 60; Ttoynolds va, Btevonnon, 4 Ind,, 6ip; © Bhover ve, Blato, b Eng,, 520 : Vogolsong v Blato, 8 1hd,, 112; Blate va, Amlllt 20 3o, 14, wg{xu; ao&:uécl.ll’ .? Oharleaton v, Denjamin, Januany, i]:;hlg!. ‘Commonwealth, 8 Ponn, 8t,, 512, , by a docislon in the Schiwuchor corpus cago glvon last woek by Judge no‘;fi:h?fi: word Immorality in thoabove quoted Iaw was'hold toapply to theso violations of the Bundny ordi~ nancos, Wo boliove no court will hold other- wige, a8 thoreby it would weaken the sanctions g: ‘l’;) L;lvlv;flamiln'msmi‘hu dont}-tiim (ninllmd ought ) od in all communitios togln g?vnmsfl by !lnw. Hhatpritand Viow, therofore, of theso undoubte suthoritics, wo would rospectfully nsk L’i]uln?!x:g liconsos for the sulo of lntnthKz liquors bo granted heroaftor to the persons whoso names &ro contained in tho liats of convictions presont- od to ynuh:vllhaut a com‘}mlnce with the Inw, to wib: 0 recommondation of six reputable householders uflnfi] in the neighborhood of tho applicant, and the Bonrd of Dolice words, that no liconse shall bo gran| M Yorototoro shown fn1 . lerotoforo shown in logal briefs propared nt your roquost, tho grant of & licenso h? a pmnt of a part of the police-power of the city with which you aro invested, and the saloon-keoper or li= cense s an agont of tho city to sco that the ordi- nancos of tho city in relation to his businoss aro obsorved ; and, a8 othor logal authoritics pro- sonted to you hove decided, ** An ngont for tha salo of Mquors sliould bo held to a stricter ac- countabllity than othor poraous.” o acts in n fiduolary capaclty. Cortafuly an sgent who vio- Intes his trust should not bo reappointed to con- tinue his violntion, especially where the health, Liappinoss and safoty of tho whole community aro at stake, Being nppointoes of the police-power, thoir ro- appointment would roflect discrodit upon the sppointing p@wor, especially whon, ns in tho cngo of Ohicago, that power is virtunlly mado ro- sponsible for ovory violation of law that may oceur, and ! for tho gaod order and goverumont of tho city,” with ample pdwers, Anothor fact ontitled to consideration in this oonneotion is, that, sinco tho closing of tho anloons, in Qctolior last, no murdors and fow othor erimos have boon commutted upon Sun- doy, oxcept those ocourring within or in the vicinity of ealoons violating the law, as in the endo of tho murdor of Konnelly, in the rear of Callahan'a snloon, whero ho had been drinking during tho day; also, in tho two shootin, affrays of last Bunday, the parties wero iuloxE cated; and, in tho coses thut have applied ot this offica for asaistance, thoso iu\'oYVlng tho oxtromost _poverly, oruolty, and sufforing are thoso in which the drunken husbnuds froquent Baloons opon on Buuday, and spond their wockly ourninga in dehauchery or gambling,—thus domonstrating that from tho violation of tho Bunday-ordinance flow & multi- tude of othor crimes, as, in BSoptombor. lsst, tho oriminal docket of this county was largor than ever before, whilo, in November, it was quito small, and lagt month, May, was loss than any provious month for fivo yonrs: Buch facts, apart from any roligious or other moral coneldoration, mmply justify tho strict and impartial enforcoment of tho Sunday-ordi- nancos; snd every gonuine philantbropist may rojoico, and true philosophors_oxpect, when sa= loons harboring sud conducted by criminals are closad forever, that crime will be furthor dimin= ishod, pauperium lessoned, and the family, so- cicty, and the State greatly bonefited. ‘Wo would algo roquest that questions should bo propoundod to applicanta touching the pos= session of the premises in which liquor is to ba sold, as wo find that liconses have beon granted to clerks, which ia a violation of the law; also, tho provision in regard to fowales, which hLna ‘been ignored during the paat yoar, {¥o havo not complained of this, as wa believe s woman hag &8 groat o right to ongago iu any logitimato bus- iness as a man ; but, knowing "tho traflic to Lo easontially evil and domoralizing in its_effeotu, wao desire to save women from its bad influences, and all others whom tho law has furnishod meang to provent entering therein, 'ormit ua to ndd that no act of tho present City Governmont has_given grenter satisfaction toall respoctablo and peacefully-disposed citi- zons than tho attemptod enforcomont of these laws ; and we have an abiding faith that, after s coutinuedroign of law and order for four monthy morg, thoy will bo loth to return to the previous conditions of disorder, despite the cries of thoso whose solfish intorcst may suffor thoreby ; but will overwhohningly indorse thoao nots of this QGovornment, and “eloct anotbor to enforce all laws with stricteat impartiality. I have the hon~ or to romain, yours roapcctfully, on behalf of tho Committoo of Sevonty, 3. 0. KELLEY, Tho Hon, Jossem MepiLL, Mayor of Chicago. A BOLD GAME. Successful Opcrntions of an Adroit Swindler, From the Quincy (I1l) Herald, June 25, Quito a sonsation wan croated In financial and business circlos yosterday nftornoon by the dis- covery that several of ourbusiness men had boen victimized by ono of tha most dangorous confi- donao oparators undswindlersit has hoon the mis- fortune of any community tomeot with, Aboutton days ago a business-liko anumng man arrived in the city and immedintely began making prepn~ rations for commencing business in grain buying, under tho firm name of T. 8, Hundack & Co., roprosonting himeolf a8 being connected with a rominent Enstern concern, Ho ronted a atore- ouse of Nathan Pinkham, Esq., and purchased s fow lots of whoat, which lo subsos quently sold to firms hero in small lots, taking ohocks for tho amount. Ono lot to Allon' & Whyors amouted to $120, for which ho rocoived their check for the amount. Mean- whilo Lio hnd contrived to get introduced to sov-~ oral of our banking houses;and doposited, wo bo- liove, sbout $100 in curroncyin tho First Nations al. The check of Allen & fWhyers he aluo doposited thoro after raising it to 920, Anoth- or chock drawn by Bagby & Wood raised to §9,800, he doposited with tho Union Banl, Wo didw't learn tho original amount of this oheck. Two checks of Monning Broth- ers, aggregating sbout 3,000, woro ol daposited with theso banks, and sent by thom ta Ricker's Banlk,whoro they wora pnid, Yestorday aftornoon Houndlack drow from each of the banks all that had boon placed to his crodit on those cheeks, oxcopt a vory small balance, and that was the last scon of him in these parts, ITa has gone whero the woodbine twinoth, to all in- tents and purposes. Tho frauds wero digeovored yostordny afternoon, after tho bird had tlown, and tolegrams wore sont in every divection, of« fering 81,000 rewnrd for his capture. It {8 supposod that thore nro soveral othor chocks oul nnt'fob presontad, and as partics have beon victimizod in various amounts in small no- counts made, it is not possible, at this writing, to estimuto accuratoly the total amouut, our oiti- zl;num\)vill suffor, but most likely from $10,000.ta $16,000, Dsy before yosterdny ha talked of oxpecting a shipmont of severnl thiousand bushols of wheat, an’\vnnlnd to ongage teawms to haul it, o also talkod about tho elovator, and desired to meat Mr. Jnapor, 08 his fathor had somo patent mun- chinory whioh Lio would bo glad to have intro- ducod, Noclue has yot beon obtained to the direction of Lis flight. —e—as A Fatal Mistakoe, Frows the Denver News, June 17, A horrible oaso of accidontal poisoning oo curred at Puoblo on Hunday night. Tt seoms that on Bunday night Mra, Bromloy, a sister of Dr. W. B, Cattorson, and hor two sous, aged respectively 10 and 20 yours, boforo retiring to bod took each a dose of opium pills, mistaking them for quinine. The youngost of tho broth- ora died in tho night, but tho fact was not din- covored till onrly {n the morning ; the other lingered along until about 3 o'clock in tho after~ noon, when lio quictly passed nway, At a lalo hour yostorday the mothor was sfill allyo, but her recovery was cousidered impossible, and Pmbnblv ‘bofora thiy roaches the public sho will have followed hor loved ones. The family had {uut arrived from Kansas, and wore intonding 0 make P'ucblo thoir home, and wore atopping tomporarily with Dr. Cattarson, Al in othor contrary