Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 13, 1873, Page 4

TERMS OF .THE TRIBUNE. TN ADVANOE). 2.00 TRRMA OF AUBBONIPTION (FAYAN! Ly madl, 00 | Bundny ook 81508 l Woouly Patto of a yonr at tho samo rato, Ta provont dolay and mistakes, bo suro and give Post *Qffico ndidross in full, inoluding Btato and County. Romittances may bo mado ofthor bydeaft, oxpross, Fost ©OfMcoordor, or in rogistorad lottors, nt our risk, TEUMS TO OITY BUINCRIDERE, .Dally, delivorod, Sundny oxceptod, £ conte por wooks Dally, dolivorad, Bundny Includod, 30 conts por weok. Addross TIE TRIBUNE COMPARY, Qotnor Madison and Dearborn-sts., Ohloago, IlL TO: Y’S AMUSEMENTS, 4 3 TREATRE-Randolph stroot, botwoon O A sattor ™ Vistima b ! MOVIOKER'S 4 CLLEEATIUE Madtson stroot, botwoen tato, L ho Katle Putnam Troupo. by DBty shop. T MUSIO — Halsted stroot, hetwoon b3 AfanENT “Thontro Comiquo Combination, inditon and Monrov. » OPERA 11QUSE~Monroo_stroot, otwosn A O tn. Momnn A Manain's ‘Minatrols, bt — BUSINESS NOTICES. A X 0T POWDER WILL INSTANTLY DXt-: L HAVATD TOTTHRY—WE SOLD 1IN anOE AL o AN ey 1" R 200 rlzo. Uirontars oo fodormntion. givon, 1. 00,000 SR $067 Bhukors, 10 Wall-st.~ P, O, Box 4685, Now York. ! The Chitage Tribune, _ Pridsy Morning, Juno 13, 1873, Kliivan newe to May 11 roports tho junction * of tho two columns of the Russlan forco, and the dofeat of tho Khivans nt Obslaot ofter & govaro fight, in which two Russian Colonols wore * killod; ond st tho Amur Daria’ River, wharo 9,600 Khivans wero routed without the loss of & single lifo by tho Rusniana. 4 - ot ———— Congrossman Raudall, of Ponnaylvanis, de-' f£a"1ds his vote in favor of tho salary-grab on tho ground that, by making tho pay of Congross- mon_adaquate to their- station and work, tho Incroase of salary will remove many of the tomptations to robbory which under-pald Con- grosslonal virtno has shown itself unable to ro- glet. Fowor Congressmen, ho thinks, would have dabbled in Credit Mobitier, land-grant, and otheor legislativo swindlesif thoy hiod boon bottor paid, i Pauline Lucea has 8o wido a cirolo of admirors 1n this city that tho unoxpeotéd news of hor do- mostie troubles will goin hor genoral sympathy. Judge TFancher yesterdsy granted hor s decroé of nbsolute ' divorce from her husband, . Baron von Rhade, who s * ghown to have boon guilty of marital in- fidolity in Dorlin, The Baron von Rhndo is Mudamo Lnucea’s -sccond husband, Her fvst hustand, Baron von Rohden, whom she married in 1865, was slain in the war between France and Prussia in 1870. Party spirit runs eo high in Madrid, over the Miuistorinl quostion, that tho different factions have taken up mims, and hold thomselves in yondiness for civil war. Presidont Figuoras, in pursuance of his intention of resigning into the bhonds of tho Cortos the provisional power with which he waa intrusted, has loft. Madrid, Tho resignations of hiw Ministors have been accapted, and & new Ministry has beon chosen to succeed them, but it cannot yot bo told whothor it is strong enongh to avert the rovolu- tion for which tho Irreconcilablo nowspspers and Xoaders of Madrid ara clamoring. The latest freak of French political eccontrici- ty is a proposition made by the Parls Figaro to divide Franco into four soparate torritorics, cach of which is to havo & sopsrato rulor. France propor {s to have the Count of Chambord for King, with Versnilles as his Capital. Aquitaine 18 to bo given to tho Count of Paris, with Tou- fouso for his Capital. The Duko d'Aumaleis to havo Burgundy, with his Capital at Avignon, and the Princo Imperial Corsica and Algiers, with his Capitnl at Algiors. As this would dispose of all four claimants to the throne, and give each of thom o kingdom of his own, thero is & good Qoal of sense in tho lovity of the Figaro. R, Gonorous irrigation i all thot {8 noeded to turn tho arid stretches of the great plains west of the Mississippi into fortilo land. Tho farm- ers of Colorado have detormined to introduco o thorough and economical systom of frrigation into their Territory, and yostordsy met jn con- vention to discuss tho ways and means of doing so. It was rosolved that a general con- vention of delegates from all the Siates and Torritories intercsted in the matter should be hold at S8an Francisco nost Septembor. The' resolutions hint at o schome for Congrossional nsslatance like tho act by which public swamp- innds were granted to Btates that roclaimed thom. + The Chicago produce markets were quict yes-. tordny, and grain was wonk, Mess pork was dull and o shade onsicr, at $15.80@16.85 cash, and 816.00 sellor July. Lard was inactive nnd anchangod, at 8.45 por 100 1bs cash, and 88,60 (@8.55 soller July. Mleats wore quiot and firmer, at 6¢@63ge for shouldors, 83¢@8ge for short ribs, 83{@834c for short clear, and 9}{@11}4c for swoot-pickled inms, Highwines woro active and firm, st 90c por gallon, Lako freights wore mod- emtely nctive and steady, at Go for corn to Buffalo. Flour waa moro active, and amchanged. Whoat was quiot and 20 lower, closing at 31.213¢ soller tho month, and $1.105¢ sellor July. Corn was loss active, and o lower, closing at 853¢o cash, and 87c sellor July. ~ Oats wora quict and J@X(o lower, closing at 273{o cash, aud 200 sellor July. Ryo Wae quiet and a ghado firmer at 613¢o. Barley wasdull and nom- {nal at 65@1700 for No, 2, The hog trado was so- tivo at unchanged prices, salos making at 84,25 -@4:50 for common to choico. Pricos of cattle and sheep were without materinl chiange. If Gon. Davis had been lot slone Capt. Jack and his confoderates would have boen hanged & wook eago. Ropes and soaffolding woroe ready, aud the murderers had "boen formally warnea that thoy woro to oxpiate their orimes on the morrow, whon on the very ovo of the cxceution o Governmont conrler arrived with instructions from Washington to hold the Modocs antil furt] ordors, Gon. Davis ex~ plins, in 8 vory straightforward way, hils reasons for the prompt justico ho moant to | deal to those ssspsgins, To try thom by o military commission would havo consumed fully pix months, to say nothing of troublo and ex- gponso. It did not scom adviuable to turn them over to the civil authoritios. ‘Tho Modoca wero prisoners of war; tho murdors with which they worcoharged woro committed while thoy woro in arma againet tho United Btates, and took place ‘both in Oregon and Californln, raising trouble- ‘gome questions of juriadiction botweon tho courta of thoso States, A civil trial promised Apgy lvaslas and wopld heva gaomad & 6160 ovon to tho Modocs, Finally, ovory Tndlan tribo in tho:Northwest know that tho Modocs"hind ‘boen taken, and waa ourlously watehing. to . soo what punishment would bo motod out to thom, They, ns woll ns tho Modoos thomuvnlveu,"l'gnuw that thoy merlt dentl, and the speedy infllotion ; of tho ponalty would have glvon the réstless Tu-_ dians of Orogon aud Callfornia a now fonduoss_ for ponce talka. 'Tho Bpringfiold Register thinks that the Demo- oratlo organization ia tho proper basls upon 'which to build the party foreshadowod by tho Livingston County Farmors' Assoolation, whilo & Chioago organ thinka that the Republican par- ty is bettor adapted to farthor tho onds of that movoment. Tho Register, howover, mays thnt “ whother tho farmors join the Domocratio par- ty or tho Domocratic mnssos join tho farmors' movement, is Immaterial” Wo have not ob~ sorvoed in tho columna of tho Ohicago organ sny romarks implying that it is immaterial in what ordor the procossion shall movo. Most of .tho Ropublican journals, ospecially thoso which have poat-offices, collectorships, and county printing to onmbor thelr line of maroh, insist that tho farmors shall tako their accustomod places in the roar. The Grangors, on tho contrary, are not only insleting that tho offica-holders and snlary-grabbora shall go down to tho foot of the olnds, but have resolved in some of thoir latest conventions that shey will not vote for anybody who accopta s nomination from either of the old parties. This s indeed horriblo. It would bo #o easy in tho coming fall olodtions, whon' tho ‘of- fices to bo disposod of -are of no groat con- sdquonco, to nominate tho Grango ‘candidatos and then claim o victory for the party. Butif the Grangers will not voto for anybody who o~ copts & Ropublican or & Domocratic nomination, thoro is nothing for it but to fight tho Grangors or to abdicato at once. Tho Register takes alto- gother the more eonsible courso whon it allows thatitis immatorial which flag tho combinod host marches under—bacauso, if tho Regisler wore disposed to stand on ceremony, thore would soon beno placo for its friends in the procession: Tho same romark applies to the organs of tho othor party. g L BAILROAD “POOLS” ARD m;. COMMON . o LAW, § . There wos & proposition not long sinco to **pool" tho oarnings of. tho Chicago & North- westarn and tho Milwaukeo & Bf, Poul Rail- roads. Tho manngers of the two roads wevo in- clined to mako tho arrangoment, and it might Liavo been consummated but for o timely opin; ion submitted by Mr. P, L. 8pooner, tho Assist- ant Attordoy-Genoral of Wisconsiu, in reply to an inquiry which Gov. Washburn mado, ‘hm the ramor éamo to his cars. Mr. Spooner cxpressed tho opinion that tho pooling"” of earuings ia & virtual consolidation, and, as such, would como under tho prolibition of tho State statuto, Ho wont further, howovor, and stated that tho arrangement would bo unlawful, ovon if thero wero no statuto prohibiting it. *Such an arrangoment,” says Mr. Bpoonor, “is in the nature of o partnership, It wonld mako com- mon intorests which the lnw and public policy requiro should be kept distinet, and would sub- joct, practically, to ono mansgoment, mstmul franchises which can be lawfully cxorcised only by tho several corporations upon which they wore respectively bestowed.” Mr. Bpoonor then ‘pracecded to eay that ho would considor it his duty to bring an action of quo warranto against tho railronds entering into such a combination, for forfeitura of franchise. ‘This opinion Is of more general importance than in ite immediate application to the Northwostern and. tho. Milwaukeo & Bt. ‘Panl Railroads. It is undoubtedly sound law. As o principle of common- law, it opplies in IHinois, or Indiana, or Ohio, or Ponnsylvanis, a8 woll a3 Wisconein, It may bo fnvoled in any case of railroad *pooling,” and thero is no doubt that it will amply protect -the public. Railroads receive chartors from the Btato for specific purposes. Thoy sro suthor- ized to construct railroad lines and operate thom between cortain points. They are not au- thorized to construct or operato other lines of railroad, or to go ifio partnerships. The rail- roads aro tho proporty’ of certain incorporated companios, and their earnings must bo paid over to the owners of the stock. It would be -unlawful to pay them to anybody elge. DBut it ' would be impossible for tho Chicago & Northwaestern and tho Milwau- keo & Bt. Paul, or any other iwo railrosds, to “pool " their earnings without paying them ovor to ench other, Tho Milwaukoo & Bb. Paul would pay over its earnings to tho Northwoest- orn, and tho Northwestorn pay over its earninga to the Milwaukeo & 8t. Paul, This would bo ag unlawful ng if the agont of Jobn Doo should make a contract to pay over the earnings of bis principal to Richard Roo, & compotitor in busi- . ness, or vice versa. The directors and managers of railronds are but tho agents of tho stockhold- ors,who own tho proporty, sud it is & broach of trust to the stockholdors of tho rond as well as to tho publio to agreo to divide thoso earnings with any other road. i Tho pooling of carnings has bocome &' fre- quent proceeding among railroad companies, but this I8 no reason why it may not be brokon up whonever any ono who has sufliciont intorest at atake will procoed ngainst tho partios to such an arrangomont. Tho Chicago, Rook * Island & Pacifie, Ohicsgo, Burlington & Quindy, sud tho Chicago & Northwestern have for o long timo pooled their receipts botween Omaha and Chi- cago. Thoro hins been no offort to brok it up, porhiaps for tho ropson thot it has not, in this instauce, beon productive of injury to the stock- holders of the difforont roads or to tho public, The proceeding s unlawful, novertheloss, and it moy bo brought to an end at any timo by o party in intorest without the nid of. o Btate statuto, This foaturo of the common law, 8o pointedly set forth by. Mr, Bpooner, is anothor {llustration of the complotences of tho law na It stands, and of tho unsonsouable haste of thoso porsons who mcck to obtuin, through immature legisiation, s remody which thoy always ave at hand, ‘Tho Bupromo Court of Mlinols has already declared that railronds may not chargo unreasonable ratos, nor make unjust discriminations, nomatter what tho word- ing of their chartors may be. Tho law which prohibits this antedatos State statutes and rail- road frauchises. Now, tho Attorney-Gonoral of Wisconsin - interprots the common law a8 prohibitlng rallrond combiuationa that aro caloulated to opprosa the people, and the in- terpretation will undoubtodly hold in the court of last rosort, Every other form of railrond tyranny, in which railronds are advancing thelr own interests at the expenso of tho rights of tho people, will unquostionably bo brought uuder tho same ban, strong with the growth of agos, sudowso Lrom tho psoumnlated wisdom of pa- tions, Buch g rosort has cortatuly markod ad- ‘vaningos over exporimental logislation; which Ia | iapt to Lo dofoctive and to impode the rosdy roth- ody of tho lnw oa it stands. 3 —r——— A UABY. OF CONFISOATION, ' : A'caso of conaidorablo’ Intoront, whioh hns beon ponding for somo yoars in Xaneas, hns nt .| 1nst nppronched o tormination which shows that | tho Unitod - Blatos' Govornmont ald niot always rocolve s *much bonofit from tho conflseation of, property bolonging to Robols as did tho United Blatos offloinls through whoso hands the confla- .oatod proporty pasaod. Tho caro was this: M. Edm 8, Brown, & rosident of Virginia at tho outbronk of the War, had somo'proporty in Kan-* sad, Whilo his communication witir Kanasa was brokon off, his Xanana proporty was conflaoated.- As foon na ho had tho opportunity, Mr. Brown succoodod in convincing the Governmont that sod & full pardon was thon proccoded to - Konsas ho “was loyal, granted. Io 'to rocover, his proporty. It had boon 80ld In tho moantimo, and it was supposed thnt tho procoods . hisd: been pald into the United Btatoa ‘Croasury. . Mr.' Brown's suit domon- stratod that this ‘was not thocnee. Ho mado somo inoffoctual attompts to sccure s honring bofore Judgo Delaliay, but finally succeedod in having his cnso transferrod to tho United Btatos Oironit Oourt, where n Commissioner waa ap- pointed to make an investigation. Tho caso has - now boen ponding somothing liko' nino years altogother, and tho rofores has finally found that somo 816,000 s duc the Governmont from tho .salo of Mr. Brown's confiscated proporty, and othor sums duo from tho salo of othor confls- catod property, smounting in' all to about £80,000. Xt sooms that thoro hisd beon an- order from the Conrt to doposit theso funds in the banking ‘house of Olark, Gruber & Co., but, in applying to this house, no funds worefound. Subscquent Investigation tracod the monoy to the hands of sovoral offiolals and- ex-offlcinls of the Govern- mont. Ono ox-United Btatea Marahal is charged ‘with ©18,081.74, and anotherox-United States Mar- ehol with 87,484.05. Tho sumadividod up among othors wore smallor. A fow of the smallor sums have boon paid back into coutt, . but those who wore fortunato onough to grab tho Inrger amounts aro stillor holding on to them. Mr. Brown has not recoivod his roward for exposing this pleco of villalny, and it is not at sl _cortain that his claim will be al- lowed, but tho caso has alroady mede such progroaa that Judge Dillon atated that *‘tho unparalloled fact was cloar, that £30,000 belong- ing to the Unitod States Troasury had boen traced to the possoseion of partios who had no right to the money.” Is this a fair sample of tho dis- position of funds realized from conflacated proporty? : ‘THE NEW POBTAL LAW, In the act of Congress making appropriations for tho sorvico of the Post-Ofice Department for tho yoar onding Juno 30, 1874, oceurs tho following: & Providod that all laws and parta of lawa permitting tho tranamission by mal of auy froo matter whatover e, and tho samo aro horcby, ropealed from aud aftor Juno 30, 1873, This provision of inw, in addition to the aboli- tion of the franking privilogo, applics to two* classes of mail matter, which now pass through the mails freo: 1. All newspapers within the limits of tho county in which they axe published. 2. Allnowspapers passing from ono nowspaper offico to othors as oxchanges. Heroafter those papors will pay poatago, colloctable st the place where they are dolivored. Ono offoot of thia will be to revolutionize, if not eventually break up, what is. known as tho oxchange sys- tom, There woro in 1870 publishod in the United States 574 daily papors, 4,295 weoklios, and €22 monthly publications. 1Ifis safo to sesnmo that onch of theso dailies had an avorage of G0 daily, 100 weokly, and 25 monthly oxchanges. Theso figuros, which aro low estimato, give a8 the to- tal of oxchanges recolved by thoso 574 dailies in oach yenr, 9,298,800 dailies, 2,974,800 weoklios, and 14,350 monthlies, or a grand total of 13,287,~ 900 papors. The recoipts of ‘exchanges by. the weokly papors may bo put down 88 avoraging oach 20 daily and 50 wookly papers, including in tho lattor somi-wookly and tri-weekly oditions. This makes 70 prpors cach por wook, or anaggro- gato of 15,633,800 & year. Allowing 2,078,800 of papers a yoar for exchanges received by miscel- lzncous publications, and wo have o grand an- nual total of 80,000,000 publications received as exchanges freo of postago. We aro satisfled that this is below tho actual-fact, but it will orve to show tho oxtent of tho business. Esti- mating that thoso papers woigh, on an avorage, ten‘to the pound, we have 8,000,000 pounds, or 1,500 tons, of mattor passing through the mails annually froe of postage. At ordinary mewspa~ por postage, thoso papora would bo chargeablo with not loes than $220,000 o year for postago. ‘Tho abolition of tho freo oxchangos of ‘noces- slty involves ono of two'things: 1. Tho'dis- continuanco of oxchanges; or, 2 Tho poy- mont of postages. Tho postago having to bo paid at tho placo of delivery, tho persons rocofv- ing tho papors will not poy postage on any paper which thoy do not nced; and, as the papers of the large citios carry tho' largest ox- chango lists, thore will probably be a shrinkage in such lste after tho lst of July. Arrange- monta have long been in use between the papors in the largo citios whoreby nowspapor offices aro suppiiod with tho papors of other citles: by ox- pross. Wo now recoiva New York, Clncinnati, Bt. Louls, and New Orloans papers by expreds,’ and 1n advanco of thoir delivery by mail, aud it Is posaible that horcafter this systom will bo- como more oxtensive, and that the exchanges botwaon the papors of the largoe citics will bo ox- clusively by oxpress. e It was n misfortune, porhaps, that Congress noglected to pass tho law requiring prepayment of postago on all mattor dopoalted in tho mall, ond roquiring printed mattor to o paid for no- cording to waight. This would Livo roachod an abuso of the postal syatom oven greator than that of tho freeoxchanges. Thoro aro doposited in tho post-offices of the country daily, ostensis bly iseued from ofiicos of publication, many tons of all kinds of printed mattor, which, in fact, is little move than advertisemeonts of one, kind or anothor. On this but littlo or no postage is ever colleotod, though it isall transported through the molls,'and bandled over and over again by tho post-ofiico force. This abuse of tho . paatal system Wil still con- tinuo undor the now law, and 1t cannot bo ronohiod until the prepaymont of sll mattor do- Auit in, printed mattor moy bo sont horouftor ag usu- al, and, whothor the Qovernment got tho postage or loso it, tho sorvice of transportation will bo positod in the malls is made poromptory, porformod, aud tho cost fucurred all the samo, ‘Tho hardship of tho prosont chango of law will fall on tho country pross, and particularly tho It will, ao & gonoral $ng, §o- weakly pross. quire thom to pay tho postago on tho oxchange papors thoy sond out na’woll ag on thoso they ra- colve, or compel thom to subgeribo for auch pn~ porn s they may most nood. 'The change fn the law istho firat but averylongstop toward thototal abolition of the exohango system. Thooxohango systom has boon abolishod for many yoars In’ England, Loth as botwoen nowapapors as woll 08 botweon othor publications, Ench publisher purchases suoh othor papora or publications na may best moot his wants, nolthor- giving or re- colving anything froo. Such, aftor all, ia the bost system, and aftor a littlo oxperionco tho nowspapors of all kinds, oity oud country, will lacover that a froo list of any kind is o mistako, and an oxponse without any’ ndoquato return, Tho bost paper In s country town or seotion will alwaya find customera for it upon. ita own merite, It i not likely to bo ovorlooked by thoso whoso ‘iuterest it ia “'to ktiow end hiave the bot oollaction of local nowa. It will ‘bavo tho still furthor ofteot of oaching nowspapors that mera party politics have nothing whatovor to do with good journalism; that aftor all tho bost papor, no mattor what its politics, wiil win tho battlo against all compotitors, and tho bost paper must of nocossity bo that ono which is tho most indopendent. and’ fonrless in tho oxprosaion of its viows and in tho publica- tion of its. nows. Whon newnpapers: learn to dopond on tho publio and not updn the ** party,”. thore will bo bettor papors, more influcntial pa- pors, and more prosperous papers, printed in all parts of tho country. . . TR 1 ‘THE FRENOK INDEMNITY. WY Tho finsl day of paymont of the French war indomnity to Prusain hoa boon fixed for tho 5th of noxt Soptomber, and ono of tho Inst offiolal oots of M. Thiors was tho proparation of & pas per, publishod in thoe offiotal journal .of Paris, announcing thoe details of the finol discharge of this cnormoua war-dobt, which is stated to be tho largest sum evor oxacted under similar cir- cumstancea by .one nation from snothor. Ac- cording to this papor, & troaty for tho ovacun- tion of tho French torritory was sifned at Bar lin on tho 16th of March, 1878, Of tho throo millisrds which remained to bo paid to Gor- many, ono was paid last fall. The sccond wos discharged last month. Tho last millinrd will bo delivered to 'Germany in oqual payments on June &, July G, Aug. 6, and Scpt. 6. In roturn for this payment, Germany engsgos to ovaouato, July G, tho four departments—Vosges, Ardonnes, Mouss, and Mourtho-ot-Mosollo, 88 woll us tho fortress of Bolfort, within four wooks from that date; holding tho fortress of Verdun and its military district in pledgo for tho last two havo been discharged in Septomber next will be five milliards of francs, or 1,000 millions of dol- lars, which sum has been paid in about two yoors' time, tho first installment having boon paid in 1871, not long after tho ovacustionof Paria by the Gormans, In tho amount. in-' volved, tho promptness and quicknoss of poyment, and the adverso circumstances under which it was paid, it dwarfa every other finan- cial transsotion of modern iimes. Whatever looso and incohoront idens the Fronch nation may havo of o progresaive snd hoalthy Ropubli- can form of govornmont, it shows an elasticity and recuperative power which aro as romarkablo aa tho finanolal foatures of the case. : . Binco tho downfall of Napoleon ITL, political ovonts in Franco have followod oach other in such rapid succossion, administrations have changed s0 auddonly, and public men Lave risen and follen so rapidly, that tho historisn will bo’ puzzled to clearly traco tho logio of ovents, or to dotormino .the roal poai- tion ‘of the mon who were tompo- rarily brought to tho surface by. tho shifting and deceitfol waves of popular opinion. Many of tho mon who filled a largo spaco fn tho pube lio gazo, whilo tho Communal strifo was reglng, havo apparently disappeared forover. NMany of the men who gathored about 3. Thiera and holped him lay the foundations of the Conserva~ tive Ropublio aro now woll nigh mythicsl, M. Thiers, dropplng from tho Presidential chair into o soat in tho Assembly, s already a man of yostordny, and in & fow weoks or months Gon. MacMahon may suffer a slmilar fato, and find his own words, that ho .might botter servo the country at the head of tho army than at tho hond of tho Republic, to bo atriotly true.” But aven if M. Thiers and oll clao that ho has dono for France should bo forgotten, his groat servico to his country in paying this indorenity, or in so managing tho affairs of Stato that it could bo paid, is ono of those brilliant achiovements of ‘statosmanship which can nover bo forgotten, Howevor bitter the nebessity may have beon, it was the salvation of Franco.” Unless that had been done, the progress of tho country would have boon completely stopped, and the wholo of Franco must gooner or Iater have been reduced to the condition of Alsaco and Lorraino. Tho circumstances undor which it was. paid have boon of tho most remarkable charactor. Tho war with Germnny was not of M. Thiers' soolt- ing. Ho had opposed it at tho outset ; but the Fronch followed Neapoleon blindly into it, and, wWhon Napoleon was overthrown and tho CGer- mans ontored Paris, thoy camo to M. Thiora to tako tho helm. o ncceptod it, and then had to fight the Communists to scoure o placo for Ro- publican govornmont in Parls, and, while Hght- ing for it, had to commoneo planning, arrango- monts for. paylug this monstrous indemnity, "which might well havo appalled & nation which ‘had not just beon devastated by war and was in tha very hoight of prospority. Ilo commoncod Lis work with anarmy disorganized and crushed ; with a country laid wasto by the ravages of warj with crops destroyed, trado interrupted, and commorco at o standstill; with a doploted troas- ury; withi throo claimants for tho throne, and almostinnumerablaotiquos within tho Ropublican party oporating ngainsthim ; and with an array of advorso circumatances which would havo erushod any ordinary statosman., Dut.ho ovorthrow the Commune, reorganized tho army, restored trade and commerco oven with the Germaus on tho soi} of Franco, rofilled the treasury, catablished Ropublican governmont in thio faco of tho vie- torious Gormans and tho plotting Parisians ; ovorcame ono by ono, with sublimo pationco, tho obatacles which adverso fato piled up boforo him, and not only'pnld the indemnity when it ‘bocamo due, but somotimes anticipated it. In Euptombur‘ noxt, tho last Gorman will have loft Franco, and sho will bo free from hor powerful enomy to resumo hor courso as an independent nation. All this Franco owos to M. Thiors,—n bonofaction which France has- alrendy for- gotton, After sccomplishing this great work, rathor than doolare the Ropub- lic which he created, sho has forced bim into rotirement, and by virtuo of tho very privilego which ho seoured—that of choosing her own rulor—sho Las placed a Bonapertist upon & Republican throno which may yet be surgaouated by a crowp, Nothlng nbish France mionthly poyments, The oxact sum which will | may do, howover, can ‘nndo tho' fact that ‘AL, Thiors necurod Lo romoval of tho Gormans and placed hor upon hor fogt' ngain, ‘and history,: among all ita strango faots, will rocokd nothing moro brilliant ‘nor inore marvolous . thon tho payment of this gigantio {ndomnity in such an Inaredibly short spnco of timo, 'and under suol adverso ciroumatancos. A g ———rms BUBSIDIZING NEWSPAPERS, - - No doubt many Amerfean oftizons; boasttul of tho auporlority of onr Ingtitutions ovor thoso of nll'othar nations, ' rond with foclingn of pity’ and mortification that tho prosont Ropublican Govornment of Franco have oponly avowed tho polloy of subaldizing tho pross, on tho ono hand, and supprosaing it on the. othor. M. Gambotta produced the copy of & Miniaterial circhlar, is- suod undor tho authority of Marshal MaoMa- hon's Goverhmont, rocommonding thoe employ-~ mont of subsidies to insuro tho ' favor of nows- papers. Tho Ministor of the Intorior camo for- ‘ward, rather eagorly than othorwise, to claim the orodit of thia polloy. Tho quoation resultedina call for & voto of confidenco, and the Govern- mont was sustained In tho subsidizing policy by 880 yoas agalnst 815 nays. If tho American Congross wero' in scssion, this sotion would probably suggest sevoral oloquent addresses on the * Palladium of Liborty,” in which thore wonld be grandiloquent eulogios of the free and indopondont pross of this country ropresented by the wmmmp,"oiwmw, tho Washington Republican, and othor papers, inoluding somo in Ohioago. The loyal American hoart would be firod with indignation that a Government pro- fessing to bo Ropublioan should deliboratoly do- voto tho uso of public monoys to gain tho pup< port of newspapera. Thore would be n gonoral protost "among tho high-minded politicians ogainat bringing such disgraco upon the fair namo of ]fupubllg. . Now thoro aro:subsidics and subsidics, Tho Fronch plan of purchasing'the pross, it appears, is to pay thom outright, to oponly avow it as & part of the Administration pollcy, and to ac- count for tho funds logitimatoly, This Fronch practico {8 vory difforent from the mannor in which Amarean nowspapors aro subeidizod, it 18 truo, but wo aro not sure that it is not fairer than tho Amoricanplan. It isa frank announce- mont to tho Fronch peoplo that the Adminis- tration press ia in tho pay of the Governmont, and the Fronoh people may estimato its informa~ tion and opinions on this basis. Those things are dono othorwiso in Ameriea. ‘The Admin- istration has its nowspaper scntinels sta- tioned at all important places.. It deals out its subsldics in tho shape of ad- vertisomonts and political offices. Tho monoy which it costa to maintain theso organs amd keop thom grinding eventually comes out of the pockots of tho poople, and the only differonco 1s, that it possos through intormediato grades in- stead of being paid over dircctly. Tho offoct of the procoss i to deceivo o largo portion of tho Amerioan pooplo, and to mako dross assumo tho appenrance of tho true motal. The sources from which the Govornmont advertising flows _aro numerous, Thore aro United States adver- tisomonts, State advortisomonts, county advor- tisomonts, town advertiscmonts, snd municipal advertisomonts, Thon thero Ig o corresponding amount of public printing to bo done. Then there are public officos to bo distributod. Thore is the party printing to bo done during tho cam- paign. Theraaro also private subscriptions taken up boforo election. Allthese aro carefully and equitably distributed as a rule; when thoy aro not, thero is apt to be trouble, Tho various forms of advertising aro moro protexts, of courso; for, if thoy wero legitimato announce- ments for the information of tho public, thoy would bo dealt out as business men parcol out their announcoments, and would mever flnd their way to the political organs, The offices aro Hkowiso made useful in tho subsidizing business. Administration papors, oven in Ohicago, are con- trolled snd edited by offico-holders, ‘Wo submit that it is not bocoming in Amer- lcan citizona to hold up thoir hands in horror at the Fronch policy of subsidizing the Adminis- tration press, because the American plan is more surreptitions and bettor calculated to deceive. If anything, the French plan s the moro honor- able of the two. f Mr. A. T. Stewart's Homo for young women in Now York is all finished oxcopt the intarior work. It is located on Fourth avanuo, between Thirty- socond and Thirty-third stroots. It has o front-' ago of 192 feot on.Fourth avenue, and of 205 foot on onch of the othor streots, and covers 41,000 square foot in all. Tho building is six storios high, with o Mansard roof of puro white in color, handsomo design, and admirable con- struction. Tho upper storics aro from 11 to 14 foot in helght, which will give spaco enough for fresh air, Thero {8 an Interior court of 04x116 foet, which will bo ronderad attractivo by a foun- tain and othor ornamentation. The motive power of thowholo edifico is steam, which furnishes heat, runs the olovators, worke tho vontilating fans, ote. Tho kitchon and laundry are modoled upon the more modern hotel plans, snd tho dining- room, which is 30x92 feot, will be conducted on tho restaurant plan. Thero aroothor lnrge halls for lectures, concorts, Hbm.ry,' and recrontions, Thero are-two kinds of slosping-rooms. Tho Inrgor ones, 10x18, aro intended for elatora or companions ; tho smallor ones, 8x0 foot, for ono porson only, Tho objeot of the Momo is to fur- nish working-girla with all the convoniencas of & hotel and tho protection of good associntions for tho emallest practical price, It ia bolioved that good, wholosonio nccommodations can thus bo secured for a loss prico than is paid for & squalid lodging In o touoment’ house. In furnishing thiy, Mr. Btewart has provided a substantial charlty, which will bo all tho moro efliciert bo- ctiugo it 14 not altogother gratuitous. Mrs, Fialk, ns executrix of tho estato of James Fisk, Jr.,-has rocently brought sut, very muoh ot tho snmo nature as the suit brought by tho United States Govornmont, against tho . Unlon Pacifio Rnilrond Company and others. The Credit Mobilior Compnny, Gov. Dix, the Hon, Goorgo Opdyko, tho estatos of Oakes Ames and Jamos Brooks, Oliver Amos, Cyrus H, McCor- miok, Edwin D. Morgan, and othors, are mado par- tlos dofoudant. The late Mr, Fisk, it fs clalmed, owned six sharos of Union Paciflo, stock, but ho tondered tho money for tho purchase of 20,000 shares at differont timos, which was ro- fusod, though thoro wero etill that number of ghares unsold. It is charged that €0,000 ghares havo beon distributed nmong the porsons forming the Orodit Mobilier com- bination, for which no monoy was pald, and that vast and fraudulent profits were mado on the varlous construction, telograph, coal, aupply, aud othor contrnots, The declared objoct of tha suit fs to-havo n Recelver appoint- ed to tako chargo of the property of the Unlon Pacllg and QOrodit. Mobitiox Comganioay to have tho stock fraudulontly lssuod rotarncd or pald for ; and, finaily, to havo tho property or tho procoeds from ita salo. -distributed nmong tho rallronds bona flde stookholdora, ~ A injuno- tion 1a asked, onjolning tho dofondnnts. from ro- colving any further Goverpmont bouds or grants, 1t tho Intontion is to prosooitto thissuit honost- 1y, tho frauds of the Union Pacific and Crodit Mobllior may bo oxposed and ' righted, oven it tho Govornmont suit should not bo pushod for- ward. Bir. MoGulro, tho Now. York Assombiymad who firet mado the ohargos sgainst Br, Cornell, bas publishdd s reply to tho specch mado in M, Cornell's daferiso. by Mr. White, the Prosident of Qornoll' University, Mr. MoGulfo says that Mr. White falled complotaly to moot tho chargos whioh ho made. Thoso wero seriatim’s. ‘1. Tho sct Incorporating Cornell Univorsity and turn- Ing ovor to it tho land-grant mado a condltion thnt thoro should bo proof that Mr.: Cornoll hod givon tho University tho sum of $500,000 Tho law waa ovaded, Ar. McGuiro maintains, beoause Mr. Cortioll gavo hia bond for §500,000. 2. Another condition of the incorporation was, that Gonesco Colloge should xqéulvo #25,000. . This sum, Mr. McGuiro *claims, W8 In tho ‘maturo of o bribs to indoco the opponentaot the bill to withdraw thelr oppo smqn. Mr. McGuiro claims that, in this con-~ dition of things, the Btato shoild not have paid tho §25,000, ns it subsoquently did with tho passngo of & law two yearsaftor. ‘8. Mr. MoGuira chargod that Mr. Cornoll hadalaw passod in- corporating a land company fox (Lo’ purdtinge of 100,000 acroa, of which ho was to bo the principal atockholder; Falling in this, he aftorwards sold tho land at $4,60 an acro to Mesars. McGraw and Bage, two genttomen inforested in Cornoll. Mr, WeGuiro says that ho has a lottor in his possos- slon txfom Mr Cornell, representing that a lnrge portion of thieso landa wero worth $60 an nore. Br. MoGuiro holds that Mr. Whito did not meet thoso chargosatall. " The tolograph announces that Prof.” Isaso O. ‘Wost, who murdered Goock Turner, a negro, in Dover, Dol, .last Docomber, haa been ac- quittod upon tho ground that ho committed the dood in eolf-dofonso. Tho murder, as our read- ors will romombor, Wwas ono of tho most sluguldr nrocord . Turnor had como into tho Profossor's laboratory to do some worl, and Wost states that o saw tho nogro bohind him with a huge ham- mer just about to strike him. Ho wheoled sutd- denly round and strack the nogro on f‘.ho‘ neck with an iron bur, Liling him instantly, Ho thon * trled to got rid of the body by skinning i, cutting it to plecos, snd carrying it off in buckets. Whilo sotting about this oporation ho was in o grost state of excite- mont, and accidontally sot firo to his laboratory, uttorly consuming it. Ho then bocamo alarmed, flod from the city, and for along timoe was ob- sont, many supposing tliat ho had been burnod up in tho building. Aftor o month's absence ko roturnod and surrondored himself to the author-, ities, and hea boen tried with the rosult indicated’ above. ) An ovening nowspaper in Washington ia ro- aponsible for tho statomont that throo wagen- londs of choica flowers, hanging-buskots, rustio soats, otc., woro sont from tho Botanical Gardon in Washington, destined for tho Prosident's Long Branch residence. Tho Botanical Garden is sortof publio institution in Woshington, supportod by appropriations “of monay . belong- ing to tho pooplo at. largo, It is in no sense, howover, -an- attachmont of the White Houso, ond much loss tho personal property of Gon. Grant. Washing- tonis o dismal placo cnough during the Con- gresaional vacationa, andono of tho torrid zones in summor, Gon. Grant hns beon accustomed to saok amoro congoninl residonce for the warm gonson, but this is cortalnly no reason why heo should endeavor , to take what is' plensant in ‘Washington along with him, especially when it doos not belong to him. Btanding alone, the in- cidont would bo somowhat too insignificant for | mention ; but, unlurtunniu]y, it is ono of & clasa, At the scasion of the Gorman Parliament, on tho 17th of May, a dobate sprung up on the ad- ministration of sffairs in Alsaco and Lorraine, in the course of which Bismarck was soverely consured by ono of the members for the part ha bad takon in expolling mombors of various ro- liglous ordors from those provinces. Bismarck roso ond defondod himisolt by saying that only | those who wero notoriously - dangerous to the community had been oxpelled, and that thero wora still soveral bundrod of tho membera engnged in teaching in thdse provinces, Upon tho genoral subject of Ultramontaniem, the spenler mado some broad statoments, which are of intorest as boing clotbed with official puthorl« ty, Accordingto his statomont, England recog- nizod that Ultramontano offorts to unsottlo mat- tors rondored constitutional govornmont in Ircland impossiblo, As regards the seutiments of Russia, ho declared that tho Governmont wae violently opposod to Ultramontuncs, and that tho wholo of civilized Europo.agreed with his views. £ . ————— Tho English @overnment has mado dofinitear. rangements for paying the Gonova award, but it Qid not do so without having its finalgrowl about it. - Tho subjoot was brought up in tho Houdo of (Commons on tho 26th ult. : Mr. Bentinok, one of the leading Torles, mado a violent speceh on the -national degradation and disgrace, Sir Stafford Northeoto followed him, and tried to oxcuso the English Commissioners by saying that thoy wore hampered at overy stage of the proceedings by. the IHomo Governmont. Mr. Gladstono tried to emooth over matters, and offered s a consolation tho reflection that Eng- land had a groat intorost in laving tho obliga- tions of noutrality strlotly onforcod, nnd that shio didn't haye to pay tho Indirect claims, Sov- eral othor mombors aroso aund growled, and thon tho reeolution 'to pay the monoy was passed unanimously. Tho mauner of payment, by rotiring tho amount in United Statos bonds, wns ox- plained by the dispatchos in our last lssuo, Tn & rocont nddross hoforo tho Social Sclenco Convention at Philadolphir, on *Tho Work of a Constitutionnl Convention,” dolivered by A. Byd- noy Biddlo, Esq., it was suggosted thata judi- clous system of costs might be dovised which would provent sham oases from dolsylug the business of tho courts of ultimate rosort. It is cortain that @ Ilargo proportion of the casos which aro now brought fu- to tho courts aro apponled without any foundation in justico. If there wore a sys- tom by which A should bo mado to roimburso B for hia troublo, time, inconvenionce, and ox- pongo, whon A’s caso is shown to bo abeolutoly without morit, tho probabllity is that the number of casoa on tho dockot would ba matorially de- orgonad, aud the oquets, WOud_ 2ot bo clozzed with the unpnrg\inndn'\xico of unronsonable claima and apponls which aro commonly rosorted to for tho purposo of gaining time. & Tho Doston Oommarcial Bullettn furniehon the followlng ltom, which shows how rapidly manufaotures are eupplying o *“homo market” | for surplun broadstuffs Tho soap [fanoy) faotory of ——, at Bpringfleld, Mass,, {n ono of tho largest concornn of tho kind fn Now Englind, Thotr faolory {a 120 foot long, 80 wide, throo storlos in_ holght, filiod. with now machinory, much of which s of thelr own ‘Invontion, This ia drivon by o steam engino of Afty-horso power, Thoy omploy constantly fftcon to twonty hands, snd turs out oyer soventy-fiva tons of soap por weelc /Mo goap’ manutactured by this firi 1a pro~ tootdd by a'tax of 10 centn por pound ;- in ‘other ward, the peoplo of the whola country are taxed for the bonoflt of this firm 10 cents por pound on ail tho soap_thoy uso, and tho consideration thoy give s; that thoy biro ono man who oats broad for ovory throo and threo-fourths tons of sonp thoy make. Tho sosp ls, in fact, made by machinery, which eats no corn nor pork, but the taxis colloctod all tho eamo, to support tho “homo markot."- Tho Now York Etening Post, ono of tho most coQghtnni and ablo opponents of all manner of ‘monopoly, spasking of the’ dofost of Jidge Lawronao, 8ays : If tho good acnsc of Weatern farmora doos not coma to thelr nfd and corract this monatrous blundar of tho now party, thoy will bo roon taught by events which eannot bo misunderstood that the courso they havo entorod upon will inovitably dofeat tho purposo it was meant {0 galn, Tho strugglo with tho great corporutions, which havo already “iu wany cascs ™ usucpod logislativo powor, 4 hopoless if law 18 ot on tho sido of thoso who enter lnto that contest against them, 'Tho rights of tho peoplo rest upon the Conatitation, and can bo maintainod in no othor way. ‘When this ground i3 abandonod and the strugglo s roducod to dependonce upon corruption, whother in ‘votes or in monoy, {he peoplo aro poworless agnlnak the corporations, Judges that can bo bought with ‘votos onn bo bought with monoy ; and when it {5 once establishod that tho Judiclary fa to bo governed by anythiog butlaw, tho pooplo liavo partod with the 1ast dofenso for tholx libortfoa and thotr rights, - 3 ———r——— It fa noticod that tho Constitutional Convon- tion in Ponnsylvanis is favorably considoring tho proposition that the State Courts shall have jurisdiction Inall contestod clections, Stato, mu-~ nicipal, and local. Winle this is & movomont in tho mght diroction, becauso it incronsos tho strongth of the judiciary and diminishes the po- litieal powor of the Logielature, tho Nation vory proporly euggosts that tho changa i not apt to ‘ba produotive of tho good results expected from it'so long ns tho judiciary is olective, and tho Judges aro depondont mpon political parties for thoir places. This is but ono of tho mony objoctiona that aro to bo mot with on all sldos ngalnst o systom whick constautly joopard- izoa tho usofulnoss and integrity of tho Stato ndiclary. Tho Administration pross of Okio do not seem. to bo favorably impressod with tho appointment of Mr. John A. Bingham ss Minister to Japan. “Inviowof tho ealary-grab,” enys tho Cincin- natj Gazlle, “and Mr, Bingham's conncotion with it, and tho well-known sentiment of" tho country on that subject, wo are very clear in tho opinion :that his nppointmont ss Minister to Japan was o mistake.” Tho Clovoland Herald eays: “No prominonthan in tho Stato could havo boen mado the recipiont of Administration honors ‘whoso sppointmont could have beom ‘moro unsatisfactory than that of Mr. Bingham.” Thoso expressions of opinion show tho differonce ‘botwoon the offictal estimate of the salary-grab and that ostimato which emanatos from a respeot for public opinion. Tho. Cincinnati Commercial, like a true phil- osophor, has como to the conclusion that it is of 10 use to kry to compoto any longor with Chica- go. It suys: Lifo is fast in tho groat city of tho Inkes, and money flowa freoly, and wo aro told that If wo were to spend public monoy with sufliclent alacrity wo would make oursclves liko her, Clicago has among otler adyantsges this—that an enormous raflroad system tribulary to her bas boon bullt without tho employ- mont of her capital, Tho Pacitic Railroad was constructed as if for her bemefit, The war had a poworful influence in driving businces from tho ‘burning borders along the Ohio to thesccure shoros of the Northern Lakes, While Cincinnatl is picking hor ‘way through Stato lines and copstitutional restrictions to building a Southern Railroad, and gathering up her old trado with tho South, Chicago bas the immonso sd- vantago of the sudden growth of the Northwost, and tho oxtension of tho lake-shore ronds to tho Pacifio, Then Chicago has tho natural advantago of befng o Adistributing centro for grain, In this particular alons #ho is greator than Odessa. . 9 Upon this statement of facts, the Commercial oomos' to the conclusion that it ia folly for Oin- cinnati to attompt to bo a distributing contro any longer, or to competo with Chicago. Ontho othor hand, it must go into manufacturing, ro- ducoe tho porcontage of public stealing, and the ratos of taxation. Under such circumstances, the Commercial esys, Cincinpati will be “a solvent and solid city, snd mnot bloated and blubbory with speculation and dissipa- tion,” 'Wo congratulate Cinclnnati upon having discovered ita . mission nt last, and ‘that it is profitless to wasto its breath and substance any longor in running a race in which it was long ago distanced. As tho Commercial also gays that by tho timo tho Southorn Railroad schome is comploted, the bonded dobt of the city will bo considorably farger than that of Chi- cago, and then that thoro are throo schomos of sovoral millions inveatment each, and a wator- works job of five millions, o 800 no ronson why Cincinnati should not be tolorably happy. ——— NOTES AND .OPINION. Tt scoms {mpossiblo for Enstorn cditors, pro- found in the mystery of politics, to. comprehond that what is going on in the West is suything morothan *n storm that will scon blow over.” . Well, fc is- somothing liko storm, snd, as it probaby will'soon blow ovor to tho East, our frionds at tho.East may then bo .able to realize that it bas blown.old political dogmas all olit to oa. y —Tho farmors of Jo Davioss County, T1l., have porfoctod thoir organization, sud voted that it is timo to *commence business,"—declnring that thomen who heronftor receivo their votes will ‘be strictly inquired of and hold to strict nccount. —J. Allon Barber, the Wisconein Congrossman who was somo timo *‘in doubt whether to boa o0l or o Imave,” has now, it is said, covered hia back-pay into the Troasury. . —1It is aunounced from Washington (and ap- parently as o sharp hint from tho old watoh- dog of tho Tronsury) that quito & number of thoso whoso nameu are circulated about the country ns having roturnod their back-pny have morely declined to draw it, and it still forms a portion of their assots. —A corrospondent of tho Doston Adverliser fluds in.on’ old’ romance (** Tho Maniking") o pasengo most strangoly prophotio of tho salary- grab, and says : § Thoy were almoot a8 far advanced in Loaplow Lialf & contury Ko & Wo aro in this yoar of graco. Can it ba fhat wo aro passing through & period of occultation of tho great moral postulato by the pasiago of Pocupi- ary Intorest,"—a niost mnlignant str? —The Madison Journal says every Ropublican ‘momber of the House from Wisconain is in lino, lmvlng votod against tho back-pay bill and ro- turned the money to tho Tropsury, Wo aro afraid that, if tho motives that induced thom to roturn the “'awag” could ho mado publio, tho 1ine would not Lo & vory atraight ono.—Fond du Lao (Wis.) Commontocallh. ‘—Congrossman Randall, Domoorat s to politics and a Back-Payster ns to charaotor, threatons to mako such o hiw as- soclaten ag refuso the oxtra £6,000 “*anicll thun- dor,” It i hard for an honost man to undor- stand tho infatuation which impols tho eupport- ors and bonefloiarios of tho grab to obtrudo it aa meritorious ox av loasy excuspbly ack, unlosgy of Ponnsylvanis, &