Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 31, 1873, Page 4

v Yo £% 3 ' { i e e ———eee THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, T8 OF SUDGGRITTION (FATADLE ally, by vua A i Weakh HRER Porta ot & yoar at tho sano rato, To provant delay and mistalios, ho sara and givo Post Otfco nddross In lult, inciuding Btato nud dounty, Tomiitances may bo mado olthor by dratt, oxyress, Post "0flico ordar, or in replstared lattors, ab o TRNNS TO CITX SUBBONIOE Dally, dolisoroil, Bundap oxcoptod. 2 conte per wak. Dally, dolivored, Sunday lncludad, 30 conts por wooks Addross WILE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘Gornor Madison and Doarboru-atr., Chlcago, Tit TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. Azvanom), 2 AOVIORIEINS THEATTLIMndlion atroot, botwesn (o, I ont, ut 1dwin Adams, Bioimbest o ko Sste RN the Diunarar LRY'S THEATRE~Randolph atreot, botwoen uf:fi’(«“znuvxsasnna. W aiso. Bhsuio. “Afiornoon and ovoning. ATKEN'S TIRATRIEWabash avenuo, eornor of Gon rosa stroot, ‘Tho Laura oo Jomudy l!uln.tzlnllllnn- Hiatian."™ un Blooha to Ounguer.* Traniag, * Huuted oy, SRMY O MURIO Halntod strest, bettwson A Y oncos: ¥ nonies omiang Oofnbination. Afternoon Bud ovoniu; BUSINESS NOTICES. NLY PHOTOGRATIL GALLERY lnfillzg"bxm?l‘fillgn s ABBOTT & TINBLEY'S, 160 Hiatoet. ROVAT, HAVANA d"}:?‘nf :}lmfl“Aufllnl::; tho A ey Sinukors, 10 Wallst." 1. O, TOTIERY-WE BOLD 1N 600,000 Uironlars i, 3, i BETTER ACOOMMODATION TOR TRAVEL. e e ot G20 Ao suiton ol room at {0 Amori- £ Eidusp, “Boston, Wit batls Tooma, closots, oo, ai- fagkod, Riro of Lusiness snd amusomonis, TELOI'S NAIR DY, _ TS SPLENDID Itedre ta fio bow i bio world: Thoonty trio an poe. Jeutaze, Harinlote, rollablo, shd {natautancous’ nowisap. i bment naridicaious Lnts o Wnpicasant pdoE, Ro Hita o M olloots of bag Wyos au wavkon, Erodiicot fm- pdaiclyssugary back sratipaliions andloarca the 5 2ol and bosuiifol. 3 N o e, "hold by Al _druggiate, OLARLES ATONITOR, Paptlater, N. ¥ The Chicage Tribune, Biturdey Morning, Moy 31, 1873, Tho second invostigation Into the alloged in- sanity of Georgo Francle Train hns resulisd in Lis dischargo. Consideration of tho proposal for a State rail-.. tond from Leavenworth to Port Royal has beon postponed by the Agricultural Congress till its meoting noxt year. " ey An attempt was mado yesterdsy, i the Agri- cultaral Congrass, +to tako up tho resolations 1aid on tho table tho othor day, approving tho dietribution of tho public domnin’ among the Agricultnral Collegos, but it was unsuccessful, Postmastor-Goneral Creswoll hus decidod that the Jnw which forbids the transmission of any froo mattor 1n thomsils sfter Juno 30 will put an end to tho freo carrlago of exchanges and of nowspapers within tho county of publication, a8 woll s to the franking privilego. ) A solution of the Loulsians problem is affored by tho Congrossmon of tho Bt. Louis Conven- tion Who bave returned from thoir visit to Now Orloans, Thoy propose thatanow election b Leld, under the suporvision of a commisslon ap- pointed by Congross, and thnt, in tho moantimo, tho Btato bo put nuder military ralo, oo o Sy The Government is asked by the Agricultural Congraes to sond its wenthor roports to all post- officca and railway-stations, go thot farmers, who have n more direct interest in the weathor changes than any other class, muy hove the bonefit of thomas well o8 the readors of daily nowspapors. Sm—— By, clsiming precodence on tho Supromo Court calendsr, tho Gavernmont expocls to gob a decision in tho suits against the Credit Mo- bilior and Union Pacific within five years. Tho coungel for tho dofondants hopo to quesh tho procoedings on tho ground that the act of Con- grons undor which thoy aro takon is unconatitu- tional. Tho Temporanco Buresn Lins fesued an addross to tho vaters of Cook County warning them of an attompt that will bo mado by the Gormans on Monday to dofeat Judga Booth on nccount of & rocent decision which, though ad- mitted to be sound law, ia distasteful to thio boeor intorest. It advises citizena to ro-eleot nll the prosont Cirouft Judges. A mass moeting . will be hold at Martine’s Hall to-night, in tho intorost of the present incumbonts, at which Mr. Emory A. Storrs and Mr. Loonard Swott aro ospected to npeak. ‘The newsthat a largo fire was raging in Boston attracted groat nttontion, and for o time created much oxcitomont in this city, yosterday. Chicago koows what a largo fire is, nad las o livaly ap- precistion of its borrors nud it lossen. Tho nows thet it had boon succesefully arrosted was a groat roliof to tho thousands of porsons Who gothored round tho nawspsper and telograph ofices, Though nt one time it threatened an immense dostruction, tho fire way subdued with n loss of $1,200,000, which, ng fires §o nOW-n- doysin Boston and Obleago, is comparatively sowull. Tow much of the lossis covered by iu- surance cannot bo told as yot, as the insurance companics were closed yostordny In honor of Decoration Day. Tho Direotors of the Waterford Fank, in Now Yorle Stato, have given anotuer illustration of the pornicious custom of compounding felony to recover stolen proporty,—a custom which hiaa be- come 80 rooted in this country that Qen. Fro- mont metuslly proposed . racontly to . havo tho contonco ©of imprisonment passed upou him by tho French courts annulled upon hig reimbursing tho swindled Froneh subscribiors to tho Mexico & El Paso Ratlrond, The Water- £6rd Bank was rabbod lust yaar of £300,000 by highor, closlng at B03@303¢o rollor Juno. Oata woro in good demand, snd 3@3o Ligher, clos« ing ot 889¢o sollor Juno. Rye was inacilve and uncliangad at 084, Barlay was quict sud stoady at 10@78o for poor to good No, 3. Hogs wore in §00@ domand nud woro firmer, solling frooly at 24.00@4.90 for poor to cholco, with a fow oxtra at §6.00. , Caitlo and shoop wero quiot and nomi- nally unchangod, THE JUDICIAL ELECIION NEXT MONDAY. 1t in Imposaible to b toa urgent In prossing upon tho" peoplo of Ohiago the impoxtance of noxt Dlonday's oleotion, and tho duty of every cltizon to go to tha polls and cast hs ballot for all fivo of tho Olroult Judges who Aro candidates for ro-oloction, The spparent &afoly of tho situstion ronders it hazardous, ssit opons a loop-tiolo through which's vory small man, of such insiguificant proportiona that o has at- tractod no attontlon, msy croop into the lodal Judiclary and boconie s thorn in the sido of Justico snd doconoy for six years to como. If Chiengo hid suffered ‘from the oxporicnos of 'New York, Philadolphls, aud eomo of tho - other largo citios. with wesk or corrupt Judgoes, the pooplo wonld not need any information about tho extont of ovil which in- compotent and dishonest Judgos csn infliot upon & community, Tho orrors and vicos of & Logis- Iaturo, a Oounty Board, or.a Cily Council arg trifling annoyances aa comparad to the deliberato ‘misuga of Judiclal powor. Xt hay beona bloss- ing to Tllinols and to Chicago that tho Judiciary of the State has always boen of a high ordor of ‘morit, capacity, and honor. Hitherto the bum. mor oloment, which is Iargo in Obfeago, aa it fs in all metropolitan cities, has never dared to disputo with good oltizonship tho possosslon of tho Bonck, It must ot bo' pormitted to d0 o now. It s humiliating to contomplate Mr. Sam Ashton in tho character of an aspirant for Judicial honora. Ho ia in no gensa of tho word a candidato, as ho L8 found no party, no soction, no convention, :no caucus, no fournal, no clique even to prosout Lim. Thiais conaolivg. Yot it is n fact that Mr. Bam Asliton is ranning Mr. Bam Ashton for Judge ** on his awn hook," and hopea to dofont one of the people’s candidates by ronson of the goneral beliof that thero is no ono running ogalust thom and, thereforo, no roason_ for vob- ing. Ashton basos his hope of & posiblo succoss upon the obscurity ‘of his own candidature, a relisuce wupon the votes of o largo class ho can control, and o be- Yiof that the respectable poople. will not go to thopolla, It Ia roported thab Mr. Ashton is quietly working in tho country towns of tho county, with tho ald of cortaln old Supervisors, and soma mon who think that ho might bo mado useful on the canal, and there is dangor that ho may posuibly secure congldorablo volo in tho suburban townships witkout ereating a suspicion of it in the city. If this is truo, and it will be aafo to act as if it were true, the athomo can bo defeated by polling o large voto in the city, and in no other way. It ig nocessary that citizons of Chicago should not only come out in mass on that tho ticket thoy voto containg tho names of all fiva of tho Judgos,—Ersstus 5. Willisms, Henty Booth, W. W. Farwell, John G. TRogors, nnd Lambort Troe. Not onoof these names can bo droppod without danger of theroby giving & voto for Sam Ashton. Tho fowor votes thatany ono candidnte receives the bettor aro the chiances that Mr.Ashton’s bummer votes will outcount them. OF cotirso, thore is not the ghost of achanco for Ashton’s olection if tho pooplo will come out and vote. Asido from tho possibility of this disastor, it would be & becom- ing thing for tho peoplo of Cook Connty to slect tholr Judgos by alargo and noarly unanimous voto. Buchan oxprossion of confidence would strongthon our Judgos in carofulness and Indus- try. POLITICS IN ROBBERY. , At tho Farmors' Congrosa at Indianapolis, dologate from Bouth Carolina offered o rosolu- tion *That, in order to scouro & reduotion of tho oxtromo ratos of raliway and marine transporta- ‘tion of Amorican produco, it is absolutoly neces- #nyy that fron nod sll othor supplics nocoseary for tho construction of railways, steamships, and other veasols, bo admitted into tho United Btatos freo of duty.” Tho Committoo on Trans- portation reported ngainst any action on thiy resolution, “as it was likely to introduco politics in this Convention.” Tho Committoo on Trans- portation must have strange notfons of the busi- ness to bo porformed Dby the farmora whon thoy thus deliberatoly ignoro all questions which fn their judgmenta might conflict with tho notiona of oxisting political partics. If tho farmers pro- pono at all future olections to vata a8 they have berotofore done, with the Republican and Dom- ocratio partics, and to opposo tho sgitation of any quostion caleulated to injure oither of thoso partics, thon tho timo thoy aro now giving to tho quostion of - transportation fa worso thin wasted, The farmers and producors of tho coun= fry aro av this time botweon the two biades of tho tax-gathioror's shoars. Since 1860, tho cost of overything thoy do not produco and which thoy ave to buy has boon largely inoronsed; tho prices rocoived by them for what thoy pro- duco havo in lke proportion beon reduced hocanso of tho advance in tho cost of transpor- tation. Tho farmor is shaved on the one side by iho oxtra cost of freight, and on tho other by tho oxtra cost of what bo has tobiy.” That o convontion of farmors should think it porfootly propor to bronk up tho ona robbery and rofuse to break up tho othor, can onlybo attributed to tho skiliful manipulation of the managors. That thoy may soo how thoy are robbod Ly the two burglarg who forced tho Casbier to leava his bed and open the safo for them, After many months of dotective work mud pursuit, tho affair has beon sottlod on & businoss busis, Tho robbors rotum tbe monoy, kesping 85 por cent for thoir troublo, and rocoive tho promiso of nbeolute immunity. The procecding puts burglary In the catogory of n commission busi- noss, ond {8 in striking contrast to tho'way the Bank of England Las brought tho MacDonnoll- Bidwell forgora to griof. "Tha Ohicago produce matkets wors moderataly active yestordny on the ** curb-stone,” and graln was strongor. Moas pork waa quiot and un- chianged, at $10.16 cash, and $10.50@10.56 eollor July. Lard was In good demand and steady at 26,60 per 100 1ha cash, and $8.75@8.80 sollor July. Moats wero inactive and unchanged at 056@0340 tor whonldors; EX@8Yo for ehort riba; 8@8Yo for ehort cloar, and 10@1% for &woaot-plokiod hams, Ilghwines wore nominally stoady at 80}@0io por gsllon, Luko frolghts wero nclivo snd oaulor at 43¢0 for corn to Buffalo. Flour was quict and. oporations, look at tho figures: On tho 26th of M, 1800, and samo day in 1873, tho follow- ing waro tho prices of whent, corp, snd ols in Ohicngo and Now York,~—the differonco in prico bolweon tho two poluts being tho cost of moving ¢ 1800, —161— Chicago, New York, Chicago, Neto York, B TR LU $1.00 o 2 i 8 o7, Tho advauco of freights from Chicago to Now York can bo soen ot & glanco. Tho froights *by rall to Chicago bavo, however, doubled In the mqantimo, and this incronse must be added to that betwoon Chicago sud Now York, In 180, tho difforenco on Aoy 28 In the alling prices in New York and Chicago was, por bushel wheat, 10 couts ; in 1873 it iy 88 conts ; corn, in 1800, 8 conts ; in '3, 37 couta ; onts, in '60, 10 conts ; In'78, 25 conte. To theso difforoncos must bo added an averago adysnce of 10 couts por tuehel in the frofghts to Ghloago. The cost of moving & bushol of geain by rail to Qhleago, and thonce by water to Now York, has, tuking thoso ualos of May 28, 1860, and same day in 1873, as n guido, advanced 20 conts on wheat, unchanged. Whoat was activeand 3/@1o higher, closing ensier at 81.275@1.27¢ ecllor June, and §1,203¢ soller July, Cora way notlve, and *go 29 conts on corn, 26 conts on oats, This i olaimod, and substsutislly with trath, to bo so wuoh doducted from tho selling prico of thoso B Mondey, but that thoy showld be suro to sco |. |-valuable prosentation of the facts pertaining to graing ot tho placoo? growth, Ths Ia tho havo mado by the advauce in rates of transportation, Tho other shavo Ja porhaps still groator. In 1860, 500 bushols of whoat, ovon at #1.04, would purchaso in Chicago more pounds of blankets, mora yards of woolon cloth, moro yards o pot, moro yarda of lpaca and womon's dross goods, mora bar iron, moro cut nalls, moro glass- wara and outlory, than the ssmo awaunt, of wheat Wil buy now at tho advanced price. Owing to the ndvance in freighta to Chicngo by tail, the producor gots bub n fow conts moro por bushol for Lis wheat than he did in 1800, and, taking the amount hin actunlly recolvos, tho pro- Portion of thoso goods that ho can purchaso With the proceods of £00 bushols of whoat s 80 Por oont loss. In tho case of corn, the price ho racolvos at hin Lomo for 500 bushols will not purchage 50 por cont of tho amount of theso goods which tho samo amount of corn would Davo purchasod fn 1660, Tho man who ralaca corn pays in 1878 an aver- 880 of 60 por cont more for trausporting this corn to markel; whon ho gots to morkot, ho Lias to pay an avorago of 50 por cont more for all ho needs than ho did in 1800, Tho reault 1g, that ho ip abavon by tho advancoin tho ratos of traps- vortation and by the advance in the prico of tho ©oxchiange commoditios, The advanco In tho cost of transportation rosts, it is claimed, sud justly to somo. oxtont, on tho groat inoroase in the cost of conatruoting and oporating rallroads, and tho romody proposod s 6 oatablish by law arbi- trary rates boyond whifol it sholl not bo lawfal to demand. In tho mattor of the cost of other commoditios, tho immonso advance is duo to tho law; that law suthorizen tho manufasturors of woolen cloth, | cotton cloth, tron, earpots, and othor fabrics, to domand from 40 o 60 por cont sdvanco on tho prices of thelr goods, and, to mako this‘onormous oxtortion possible, prohibits tho enle of nny forcign-made goods exceptat a like advanco. All that fe roquirod to redaco those onormous prices {8 tho ropenl of tho law which protoots thom, whioh upholds thom, and whieh prolibits tho purchaso of liko goods at lower cost. And, in tho faco of this notorions fact, & committos of tho shom nud sbavon farmors do- clares that it ds not proper to consider the soponl of that law, becauso to do go wonld introduge politics luto tho proceodings of tho Convontion. This resolution ia on a par with tho spoeohon of a yoar ago in Congross against any investigations of frauds upon tho Troasury, bo- causo to do 80 would “injure the party,” and by Injuring thio party the country would suffer, If tho prosont ratos of transportation wero flxed by ntatuto, and wero confossodly mada oxorbitant in order to enahlo railrond capitalists to plunder the palille, wouldit boout of placo for farmera to domand tho ropoal of that statuto? Why not, thon, as appropriato for thom to demand tho re- poal of that othor statuto which compels them to oy from 40 to 00 per cout moro for overything they buy than thoy could purchaso It for it that atatulo was repealod ? P — THE LABOR-QUESTION IN MASSACHUSETTS, We huve Tocolved o copy of the Fourth Annunl Toport of the Buraat of Statistics of Lnbor in Mosgnchusotts. Tho ropoitisa vory ablo and ol classes of Isbor in that Stato, to tho condition of the workiug peoplo, their wants and their sufferings, On pago 60 it gives o statement of tho wagoa paid to each of 65 branchos of un- alillod male labor, embracing all ocoupations not mechanical, and thoso show i avorago of dmiy wages of 21.72 for an averago of 63 hours por wook, at 255 days’ labor in a year, and an avoragoe aggrogato of wagos of $433.90 oach por year. The highost wagos paid is to browory- teamstors, who got ©2.256 per day; the next sro thoso. laboross omployed in publis works. In no case, howaver, is the cme ploymont for lees that ton lours por doy. ‘' general condition of the unskilled Inborers ia that of a baro cscapo from destitution, As o clagg, thoy all havo families, and, oven with tho oornings of wives and childron, a mero sub- sistonco is obtained. ‘With regard to the factory oporativos, the con- dition of thinge ia hardly any batter, Thoopera- tivos have not, in hardly any cate, any intoroat in tho mills in which they work. Tho mill-stoels at Fall River is mostly owned by familics, Ono mill {s owned by five porsons, brothors and is- tors. Anothor famlly owns five milla and bold shares in othor mills. Shares in those mills are worth £4,000 on a par valuo of $1,000, InBork- ehiro, a largo mill 15 owned by one family. In ull places whoro textile fabrics aro tho loading industry tradesmen caunot wafely givo crodit, bocauso the operatives sre constantly on the vorgo of povorly. Inone place, the factory owner koeps a storo on bl promises, shurging an advance of 10 per cont on the first cost of tho goods, Tho bills of factory families avorago per month, grocerics, §21; moats, 810; fuol, §5; ront, §10; tota), 340, roquiring dally wagos of 196 por day for twonty-slx ddys por month, ‘Thia wives, children, and mon havo £o bo clothod Desido. A consoquenco s that & largo propor- tion of tho factory peoplo aro working in dabt. ‘Tho vorago earnluga of men ongaged in tho manufacturing and mechanical {ndustrics is £5630.62 por year., The difference bobwoon akilled and unskilled labor is 80 emall that this sum oprosents thm all, With thoso cammings, tho inability to save, sooure n homo, or scquiro o compotenco, is oasily wndor- #tood, Bo gonorally. are factory aperatives in debt, that a spocial branch of law business hos grown up in tho factory towns, whoreby the wagon of oporatives are nttached to pay their dobts at stores. While oxpondituro for spirits 1 rookoned amongono of the caueos for fme providonce, the report thinke thet poverty of income is al#o m strong provocation to intom- porance in drink, sud that tho lnok of monns to enjoy Innocont amusemonts to the poor, and proguro comforts st Lomo, often load mon to tho well-warmed ssloon aud its lively company. In o mojority of cases, whon savings aro lald by, it is done, eays tbo roport, by stinting tho ‘houseliold in matters of education, hoalth, and oulturo. 'Phe roport includes sud Bpprovos an osgay upon poverty by Ira Stoward, a thought~ ful and industrious mechanle, in which the sub- jook of povertyls disouesed, o nssorts that poverty mokos indopondence impossiblo. It hindors progross, loading to moro suffor- ing and orimo than oll other causos. ‘Ihero s o closor rolation botweon povorty and slavery than the avprago sbolitionlst over recog- nized, The motive of slavory was to got the slavas’ labor for nothing. 'Tho motivo for wage- labior I8 to socurs somo of its rouults for nothivg, and, in poiut of fact, wage-labor has boen wmoro profitable than slavery, : ] Tho report, in considoring tho mubjock of wogos, placen two faots togothers 1, That wages havo stoadily jucronsed for hundrods of yoars, 2 Thub tho mnsses haye nover beow, and ean novor bo, iaughé tohonrd, Upon theso faots is basod the proposition that wagea must {rom necossity roprosent thio amount of woalth tho magaos consumo; and 1t is oxpected, thab e grander clvillzation of tho fukiro Wil find thom ‘consuming mony timen thele presont products, It s -tho constant oxortlon nocossary fo Inbor sud produce that keopa us In oxcollont physical condition ; and, it §t wero ponsible to imagino all classes consuming alittlo less than thoy producod, it wonld take bnt ashort timo to glve thom the valuation of the country. Assuming tho able-bodied working- mien of (ko country at 8,000,000, and ench eaving ‘8100 & your, tho annusl eaving would bo 800,~ 000,000, and in thirty-sovon and & half yoars this would oqual the wealth of tho whole country, or £30,000,000,000, - But of what avail would bo the mere possossion of this wealth? Who would pay interest on it? It is labor that pays inter- oat. When labor, howover, bocomes tho londor, who is to borrow? But whon men can- not obfain intorest on thoir monoy, they will uso it in ineronsed consumption. Trogross, thoroforo, 1o in increasod pro- duction and consumption. ¢ Men should not bo wasted that things mey bo saved; nor stomachs starved to save food; and stomachs aro not tho only organa that can bo starved,” . Wngo-laborors, howevor, are at tho morcy of $hoso of tholr class who aro contont with barely poy onough to maintain thom, and tho low wagos they get govorn tho price of ail tho rost. The romedy for this is in tho olovation of this lattor olnen. Thoso cannot bo reached until woalth fs moro bountifully distributed in tho shapo of ighor’ wagos, and woges must continuo to lu- croaso until wage-Inbor sball congo to bo profit- ablo, and that systom bo auccoodod by the co- oporation of tho masaes, The roport clatms that it 18 .cheap Jabior sorving corporato weslth intont upon nothing but wealth that In danger- . ous to our fnstitutions. How this incroase of wages to0 apoint whoro wago-lahor will conse to Dbo profitable, and thoroforo bo aban- donod, is prosouted ns tho problem of thodsy. Asnparkof this question, the report claborately discusscs and controverts tho doe- tring that choap Jabor produces chonp things. If this woro truo, bigh-priced Inbor would not bo desirable. Ono means of reaching the abolition of tho wage-labor syétom s co-oporation, and for this the workman must bo cultivatod far bosond 1fs prosont gtate. Tho failure of co-operation herotoforo has boen tho want of caprcity, educa- tion, and especially exacutivo ability, smong tho working olass. Co-oporation s of necessity at wwar with compotition and monopoly. The knowl- edga and power necesaary for the workingalaases to co-operate can ouly bo acquired by slow- and natural stopa. i Ono of those stopa proposoed and recommend- cd by the roport s a reduction of the hours ot Inbor. This, whilo incronsing wages, will not in- crenso the cost of production, and it is now the most practicabla measure that can bo promoted by legielation. It is claimod that an incronso of wagas, or of comfort, has followed every roduc- tion of the hours of Iabor. . The roport rofors to the objections made to tho roduction in tha hours of labor aa procisoly tho ‘aemo that havo beoun mado during the last fitty. yours, when othor reductions wero pro- posed, and claims that they kave all boon ro- futed by actual oxporionco. Wages aro rogulated by tho habits and customs of tho peoplo, and the reduction of an hour s day eannot forco peo- Ploback to the stylo of living and to tho ox- penscs. of ° twonty yoars ago. will continue to live ss thoy do now wuntil they change for the botter. Doc- Inrationg that ‘it wagos aro not reduced tho mills will stop," *“capital will xove elso- whoro,” ofc., are troated ns fdlo,talk, because, 8o long as capital is depondont on investmeut for its roproduction, thers is no fear ofita ro- moval to tho pormanent infury of the country. ‘Wage-Iaborors aro consumors to the full oxtent of their oarnings. The reduction of hours in England, twenty years ago, bas beon followed by anincrenso of production, Likoresults have fol- lowed in ovory caso in the United Btates, In nuswar to the clinrgo that manufacturors cannot afford fo reduco thoe honrs of labor, the report cltos tha caso of tho Union Mills at Fall River, which, witha capital of §150,000 in Juno, 1854, have divided in oight yoars ono million of dol~ Jars, and tho copital stock is worth €7,000 & sharo of $1,000, This corporation declares it would Lo ruinoua to capital to reduco tho lLours of labor. * Tho report claims furthoer that a reduction of tha houra of Inbor Is due to the physical condi- tion of tho worlanen, especially in factorles. 1t quotes Mr, Edward Atkinson, who insfsts that oloven hours per day is too long for thoso who are likely to becomao tho pbrmanent operative class, and hio basno doubt that tho continuancoot such a torm of Inbor will causo any population to conssto bo progrossive, The roport recoms mends tho adoption of the Eight-Flour Iaw inall mouunl lsbor on public works, and that tho hours of labor in all menufecturing and mo- chavical establishments be limited tosixty hours por week; that no ohild undor 13 yenrs shall Yo omploged nt all ; end that botween 18 and 16 yours thoy shall bo omployoed only five hours per day, ARE SHIRTS LUXURIES P Tho reasous given by Mr. Kolley, and by Mr, Raudall, and by the otlior membars of Congross, Domoorats and Ropublicuns, for tho roposl of tho dutios on ten and coffes, Wro, that thoso ar- “ticlos wore nccossaries of lifo, and that it was Dbotter to retain tlo tax on cotton shirts and ro- poal that on toa and cofteo. Tho rovenue from ton sud coffoo i 1871 wes $10,202,082. Tho amount recolved from tho duty on cotton manu- factures was $10,773,000. ‘This was tho amount of taxes on tho threo articles. Tho total wag about $30,000,000, But tho tax rocoived on tes and coffoo was & rovonue tax, snd was all paid into tho Treasury, while ibo roveuuo recoived from cotton goods was only & poitlon of tho fax, Mr, Burchard, o mombor of Oon- gross from thls Btato, and o membor of tho Commitoo oh Ways and Means, from officisl pupors bofore that Committoo, mado o atatoment to tho Iouso n yaat 850 of the wholo tax collect- ol of tho pooplo on 6 varloty of articlos, and from this statement wo loarn that the tax paid by tho peoplo on tho cottan gools purchased by them was as follows : "Tax on fmported cotton gool Tux on dorneatlo cotton goods, ‘Wholo tax pald by the peoplo on cotton gouds, ... ve e eeees $40,600,000 Tocelved by (o U, . Tseastry 0,771,000 ax diuiributod nu speclal bouidy Tactjurers of cotton. v s esennpopes 445,729,000 1t will bo soen that, hnd Congroes repocled tho tax on cotton goods, tha rllet would have beon forty-aix snd o bhalt willions of dollars o yoar, and tho loss of rovenue only ton millious and threo -quartora; while by repealing tho tax on tea and ooffoe, tho {ax repoaled was only nTnotoon millions andl s quar- tor, all of which was lost to tho rovonuo, Tho artiolos upon which thls tax of forty-six millions of dollara ia lovied and collcotod, as dletingulshod from tos and coffoo, aro classod by Mr, Kolloy and thoProtectioniats as luxurios,and gomo of thom aro the following: Unbloachod cottons, blosolad cottons, colorod, stalned, or printed collons, jonus, drillings, ginghams, cot- tonados of sll kiudg and variotios, cotton vole vets, cotion throad on spools, corsots, skirts and drawors, cotton hoslory, lacos, bralds, glmps, and cords. Oubof iho consumors ot theso srtlolos tho tarift oxtorta forty-six milllons of dollara tax o yoor, of which loss than cloven millions aro Poid into tho Tronsury; thio othor thirty-five millions of dollars, boing the bounty collacted In tho namo of Protaction, being divided as divi- donds among the mill-owners of Now England. This sum of thirty-five milllons of dollara is cqual to 175,000,000 of bushols of corn at20 conts por bushol. It takes 175,000,000 of bushels of corn to pay thal portion of tho annual tax which doos not go into tho Tressury, on tho shirts, calicoes, drawors, spool-thread, joans, dolaines, drillings, corsofs, ehoots, and othor cotton goods usod by the people. For tho lnxury of wearing ootton shirts and drawors, and ealico and dolaine goods, tho poople pay thirty-five milllons of dollara spocial “bounty to the mill- ownors who manutacture tho gooda, : A protectionlst journnl paya: Froo-tradera do not deny that wo onght to work our iron mincs, Lut {nsist that they can bo doveloped without protection ; but Mr, Mill ays ¢ they can't bo workod withiout pratootion thoy should romain unde- wolopod foravar. Thia shows that Mr, Mill hns studiod political oconomy only from on English atandpolat, and renders hig book on tha subjoct worthless to overy otber country, A Mr. Mill is objeoted to on account of bis “ English standpoint,” wo commend to tho writor of tho forogoing Mr. Amasa Walkor, of tho Unitod Btatos of Amorics, who ssys, inbls Selence of Wealth, that it tho wholo smount of monoy that hes boon wasted {n *proteoting” iron mines and mills in this country had beon put out at Interast, tho annunl income from it would be eufllcient to furnish us all the iron wo should want for all timo to come, without labor, This would bo o horriblo plight for protections ists, suraly—~tho 1don of gatting iron withont la- borl What they contond for e tho largest smount of labor for tho emallest amount of iron. Tho frea-tradors contond that the object of fron industry ia to haveiron, and that, if thero Do any way to have two pounds of iron with tho samo oxpendituro of labor that would be ro- quired to make ono pound, tho- formor mothod s proforablo to tho lattor. In point of fact, tho fron industry of this country was developed, and, relatively to agrl- oulture, successfully developed, boforo ever o proteotivo tariff was onacted boro, and in spite of tho hosiflo legislation of Grent Britain, WLt we want now is somothing, {o protact agri- calture, if tho policy of robbing Potor to psy Paul is to continuo. A bounty of 10 conts por buskhel for raising corn would bo ovory whit as ronsonablo as & bounty of €7 per ton for making Poople’ pig-iron, or 30 per ton for making stoel ralls, and would go far towards oqualizing tho ratos of ‘profit betwoon cor-growing and iron-making, Tho rush of corrospondents to Viouna s de- voloping suome homo truthe with roference to that city and its surroundings which aronot al- togather to its credit, and take off much of the romsnco which has boon associated with it, One | corroapondont baa already discovored that the Vionnoso koow how tv BWINQE. © Auutlior “Suys" that tho bost Lotels thore aro not equal to sac- ond-class American botels. The correspendent of the London Daily News writos : ** Tho whole of tho Continontal nowspapurs aro warning tho phiblic agaivst tho Ligh pricos, and advising their readors to dofor visiting Vionna until the hotol- kaopors, restaurants, and othera aro brought to thoir sensos. Tho Vionna prose condomna this want of patriotlsm and Sdolity to strangors, whom thoy ought tolake in vory difforently. Tho . warning js baving its offeck, and pricos sro coming down. Thirty-four hotol-keopers wora summoned bofore the Magistrato the dsy bofare yosterday. Anothor English corrospandont takes off the romanco of thoBoau- tiful Bluo Danube, ag follows : * There may bo oceasions on which tho Danubo may truthfully Do termed bluo, and there cortainly are places whore it mny bo styled beautiful; but my ex- porienco of it watora Ia that thoy boar & marked rosemblance in color to mud, and that we should havo just as much right to hold the Thames off Blackwall to ba of & ‘bonutiful blue. The banks are monotonous and uninteresting. The Drau threads bor way slong narrow channols betweon numerous islands, oach ono flattor, less plcturosquo, and loss diversified than its nolgh- bor.” Evidontly tho picturo is not g0 bright as it bas boon ropresonted, ond tho Wellaustellung has oxhibited many things of very httle intorost ‘which hiad botter boon concenled. A oorrespondent nsks us to publish the report of ‘tho Governmont purvoy of the Nicaragua “route for a ship-canal botweon tho Atlantic and Pacific Ocoans. 8o far ag we know, no officlal veport hos yot beon made publie, The syr- voyors spont the Inet two or throo sos- sons oxamining the Isthmus of Darlon whore it is porrowest ; but whilo thoy found that a canal at ono or 1o places was possible, the cuts +wero g0 doop, and to construct tho canal wonld bo 8o oxpensivo, that tho onginoors roportod tho routes practically Impossiblo. TRocontly thoy have surveyed the Nicaragua route ; and some correspondent roported in tho nowspapers that o favorable location had been found. Erom tho Doy of Guatemala tho route is up the San Jusn River to the Lako of Nioaragus, and thenco through & low valloy, if wo mistake not, only 12 or 15 miles to the Pacifio Ocean. Tho canal wowld be fed in both directiona from the lako, and it {¢ undoratood that it affords an abune danco of wator for that purposo. At last accounts, tho survoyors were running lines from the lako to the Paolflo, to detormino which of {wo or throo routes had tho greator advantagos, Thero was in tho Paria Exhibition of 1867 & pro- filo of tho Nicaraugua route for s shig-oanal rom ccean to ocean, oud perbaps, it our corrospondent hae tho official roports of tho Exhibition, ho may find pxactly what he wishos to know. The profilo showed tha route to bo porfectly fonalblo; but by whom tho survey wag mado, and the partieulars iu rogard to it, wo % |.bave now no moana to determine, as ovorvihing wo liad of that kind waa desiroyod by our Groab Tiro of 1871, Assoon as the Government ens ginoors mako a roport, wo will lay it beforo onr roaders, Mehiomot Pashn, tha Minlster of Police at Con- stantinople, ovidently hna a Lopoful son named Baid Boy. Bald, Laving got into diffioully At homo, ono day turnod up fu Rome and intro- duged himselt to Monslghor Hassoun, formerly Fatriarch of tho Armoninng, rs au enyoy from tho Turkish Government charged with i migsion to tho Vatican to bring about a sottlomont of tho Armonisn: Chureh difiouities, The result of his misslon was, that ho was introduced to Cardioal Antonelll and by Antonmelll to'tho Popo, IIo had throoor four intorviows withi tho latter, and was tronted vory lisndsome- ly; ntopped at tho Osrdinal's house, and on- Joyed Lia excollont tablo; horrowod 6,000 france of tho Monsiguor, and some from tho Oardinal, and thion, in polico phirage, *“1it out,” and hoan't ‘beon hiedird from glnoe, Tho 8aid Bnid is evidont 1y o progroselvo youth, . NOTES AND OPINION. Dudloy W. Adums, of Iows, Grand Mastor of tho Natlonal Order of Patrons of. Husbandry, discovorn, by this timo, what sort of thing tho nvorngo, politiolan is. Mr, Adama first pacsod through tho ordoal of boing denounced by all the organs of 00,000 Republican majority in Tows, a8 & Democratlo omissary designing to lond good Ropublicans astray, Thon Mr, Adams was dis- covored to bo n good Ropublican, and tho Tight gort of man for Lieutonant-Governor on tho tioket. with Onmrpontor| Yow Mr, Adamsis found out to bo o rasenl of decpest dyo, gullty of unuttorable crimes,—n man to bo oxocuted, poa- sibly, if hangiog hiad not been abollshed, All this by tho Ropublican party-managars and tho organs of 00,000 Ropublican majority in Tows within the apace of auo calendar month. And oll tho whilo Mr, Adsms las boen at his rural Liomo, apparently tho quiotest man in the Btato. ~—Opinions differ as o the Credit Mobiller cnse dockotod oy Hartford, Ct. Tho Madison (Wis,) Stale Journal thinks tho allogations aro enough to slnk any company ; but tho Boston Journal thinks our long-sufforing Uncle has only “bought Into & lnwaulp " that will last till tho bonda maturo,—twonty-five yesrs honce, . —The Ponnsylvania’ Republican Convontlon ‘moota nt Harrisburg, Aug. 18 and what sort of, o roprosontative body it will bo tho Pittaburgh Evening Telegraph (H. Buchor 8woope) shows, viz,1 Ong of tho miafort ¢ _our th s it Latucld, 2o by o Buotio o ‘comveitin, ut by tha managing rings that pack conventions and dictato who shall ropresont tho party, -Tho_first weok 1n Moy, delegnios woro sulootod from Alloghony Goun- biato Convantion to met thozaldalo of Augush —on inferval of threo and alalf months,—and the time of holdiug tio Sate Convention bad not then ovon beon announced. So in other counties; as ‘when our peoplo awake o wo fmportanco of 10 Stats Gouventlon, they will find thomaclves foreatatlod, tho dolegatcs sol up, and, ny our Harrisburg cotemporary suggeat, imatiuiolel but not. by tho Rspubiican t1a to this shrowdnesd in taking ndvaniago of the poopto that tho ring-mann frotling Jatotica 1 the consess az"?fim'y‘f"' s Of courao, thon, all oxpootation of parifying +tho party within tho party may as well bo dis- misued for this yoar, (n Ponneslvania, But “gtick to tho party " all th saws, and purify it (if you cazi) by and by. —Tho Poople's Convention of the Third “Judiclal Cireult of Tllinols, which met at Polo May 27, and nominated the Hon, William Barge, ‘ot Loo County, for Ciroult Judge, adoptod tho following among other resolutions : ; Ttegolved, That it 1a tho sonso of this Conventlon that it is uot compatible with the dignity and T\mly of the Bench flint the Judges of the courts should ba indobfed to raflrosd companies for froo passes, and that, in 10 langusge of on eminent Maseachusotts f,"{:f‘ ‘wao ballovo them to bo fu tho naturo of » petty rili. —Hoson W, Parker, of Now Hampehire, {a the svarago Gongrossman of tho poriod,—a period of party bumming ond porsonal shomolossncas, Mr. Parlor votod *No" to tho salary grab, indig- nantly, deflantly, and overy timo; mado a polut of it with his constituonts In tho March cloction; got an incronsed majority j—and ins nosw pooket- od-the ewag, which was all the while within | keapors, Bub must apring from rogobi. It may bo said Mr. Parkor is o Domoorat, but that couuts for nothing. Samuol’ Sholla- Dargor (Topublican) did a moancr thing; Vaa Tramp (Domocrat) con discount Shellabarger; and Hannibal Hamlin laya over 'em all. Theso ate some of your professional politicians, who 60t up'to choat tho pooplo with thelr *twa par- tios* and o foss for a chofco. Are tho gamblors always to win? it —To Mussachngotts - Lnbor-Roformors, who Proposo to be In the fiold, this year, with a moro thorough organization than over boforo, woro abla to polt 21,946 votos, on short notice, in 1670, since when thoy have not attempted to intorfere with the plaus of ominont statcsmen who had the salvation of tho couutryin charge. Tho country being saved, tho Reformers doubtloss think it Is timo Afassachusel(s was looked after. —3Maryland elocts a Logislature this yoor, and the Legisiature elects o United States Senator. It was figured up by the Baltimore American, aftor tho Presidentinl clectlon, that, although the popular mafority of tho Stato was againat the Ropublicans, tho vote, as thon cast, would have givon tho Ropublicans tho Legislaturo, —Tlio Trinity (Toxas) Advocate makes & throo- column editorlnl reviow of its Reprosentative Horndon’s dofonse of tho Congressional salary- ston), and saya: In couclusion, wo regrot, on Mr. Horndon's account, 4o rockless sbandon Withl which e plunges iato il aagor responsibility for all tho odlous festurcs of this Tecreant pleco of Congreastonal iniquity, defending it in auch o spirit as sccma o ovineo o dotormination on, 1ifs part to coerce public opinion st Josst into an awo-, sirwckon sllonco. But tho publio havo already daclded, from 1ho facta In tho promisce, that tho moasnre 1 in- dofenaiblo wpon any ground ; at, as monara of jus- tice, tlio Increnso of ealarics was not demanded ; taking thio wholo proposition togothor, as o measuro of econ- omy it {8 an empty Pretens; that, as & measura of pa- triotiem, it 18 sheor domngogiam ; and wo fcll Mr, Herndon frankly that ho caniob hopo to survive it, —It is not good policy to abuso_Congressmen hocause thoy do not return thoir back-pay until thie public Iudignation wag aroused, Tho door of repontance should not bo closed for s year at lenst. Givo ovory mombor & falr chanco, and rhaps wo may Inake a great zoany thousand ggllnm by it. Who knows but the " Fourth of July will bo celebrated by tho roturn of a larga amount of back-paysi Think how tho American Eaglo would rojoice ovor such & scone,—Afadi~ son (Wis.) Slale Journal. —Others have roturned thefr hAok-Eny ‘who aro sbused fos not Liviug doto so. W athor it 18 wiso n them ta thus dlsrogard publio clamor wholly porgonal to themselves, It shows the cournga of_conaclous roctitudo, but & disrogard of tho injunction to * Let your light shing,” A 00d oxnmplo i valuotess whon hiddon,—dibany N. Y.) Journal. —Whilo it'is trno that a large majority of the ‘non-politiclans condemn tho * ealary-steal,” it ls justag truo that ovory one of the profesaional politicians do not condemn the rascality. And 88 tho latter faction control tho pi ‘meohine: and ita polioy this condemnation iu futilo unloss thoso londors aro **cast out."—dJuneau ( ¥ia.) Democrat. —Wo adviso all honost men to cut loose from purty teammels and_ party projudices, sud sup- port nono but honest mon for ofllee, Togardloss of paxty distinotions bosod upon worx-out lssues, What {s moat nooded now i8 organization, basod upon live lssues, with honest o to tho front and roguos in tho rear. The lattor class, unfor- tuuately, wera allowed to bocome londors in both of tho old partios, and have retainod tholr poat- tion by innmng to projudicos instond of to honest instincts. " In tho ‘meantime_ the rogues Liave boon plundoring tha paople, and pocketing th pl\mdnr.—}fi‘uhx (Jowa) Constitution. —'I'ho fmmonso importance of the quoations -growing out of thie Robollion, the disturbances B fouth, tho reaping tho fruits of -tho war, —those hovo boen tho catolwords, and have ‘beeu admirably used to keop tho country as Jong ng poesibla from turning its attontion to eco- nomle questfons, and to tho cortain detaction of tho onormoua inaqualitics which have fattenod one clags af tho community upon the industriea of tho reat, Llio time has now como for a “now Qoal all around."—Terre Hauto (Ind.) Gazette. —T.at thia movemont of the producing classos take right hiold of this thing, rogardicas of past party Lfin‘omuona, and sob the country right.~— awrence (Kan.) Standard. —Volitiolans in the lyery of the Adminlstra. tlon are coquetting with tho Patrons of Husbau dry In tho most amorous way, Nothing like it has beon scen sinco Busannah and tho eldors, Wo trust that o triple band of virtue surrounds whon thoy could stop it by & word;ls . maifor |: tho Ropublleana will tako tho fiold and flog thom B0 they wili Linve no desira to pronoh the gmnrnl SormoRs over tholr oppononts [ bats @. Y) Expross, ~—Pomoroy, who bofouled the United States. Sonhto and Alngease T pooplo of. Kanes, is aotually angagod in Inaugurating & campaign to. goenro tho placo mndo vacant by Caldwell's roajgnation, Lot us lopo o will ok nuccood ; and ot us also hopo that tho pooplo will Inaugu-~ rato compaignn all ovor tho comnlry o, rats. bg moral and futollostual status o(r{mllml Btatos Sountors,—Zlarriaburg (Pa.) State Journal, ~Wo rogrot that auck a poworful and rospoct- odl organ of popular opinion a8 Harlau's Woghe ington Ohrondcls sbould poralnt in dononnclng tho rocent Congressional Qonvention In thia oity. ‘Wo ndmit that thoro was no money to bo mads out of this Convention, but wo can’t seo why the Into'Sanator from Iowa should tako it so mnch to boart, inasmuch a8 he is no longcr & . Con- firuummn, and would not havo boon in? it thore ad boon & ohanco.—8t Louis iepublican., = —Tussoll Bago, Vice-Pronidont of tha B, P Railway, will Joarn thnt it is nob *Jusb (g e T PRt e o ol ho people of sconsin,. T o0 slats JTousnal S S tadivon —Tho Now York Trit Rivor bridge mans; uno onya 'y tho Kass ors ** havo spen', 4,000,000 whoro their ostimaton oallod for o of, F4:00% pum;_and thoy cannot oxplatn wy LY Jalt that ing millions Lavo gono. - An firve o) oy 0 mites ducted during » heated politioal crsgniiol Con= tian tioy cu hurvive, bl Loy COBtent, {dmaro S 100 ovory offort | bont to caoapo nn Invostigati on. 3 o paoplo a3 {mporatt ndh popL Y Rotbrm Commitiaos of o omsnd Doth tha rotest ngainet tho bills e ,‘:;’u“m indignantly ocignod to xallovo Hioso b'on st - ponr ol €o. Tt would bo far bottor for o BuE foaslon ovory way that It wan 5o, o wa ok si will bo.—Dubiiguo (Jotoa) Tetegraph, ~—Dond-hoadlom ‘is now recognized as one of the grontost ovils copmncted wih Jonerm, and s, thoroforo, in n fair way to bo" bgliaad, hia roform, howover, i8 not to bo bronghtabent by the resolutions of A convention of “ralirond~ mssagors, of by tho uotion of n fow heral- the manliness and indepondonco of journalists thomseteess> Madison (Wis.) Democral, o R " THE INSANE OF ILLINOIS, Officinl Statemont by the Necreta, Th;.lm llt;rnr-; of Puhiic ormrmu:y of question, how mauy insano porao thero in tho Sitato of Tinale, Important 1o somtts has-recontly attrsctod moro ' than nsual ation. tlon, if conisoquonce of some publishod gtrie~ turea “fim tho enumeration mado by the Board of Pabllo Qharitios. Thedo stricturos appoaced first in'tho romarka profixed to tho statistios of ;l:l:ylor::n:n iz ho ninth cousus, and. have Lasa orally noticod by tho pross thros thi!fimog Siaten, el el may bo woll, in alluding to tho subject, sy ot tho ‘outsot, that. tho inferonce drgwun' 1?? 80mo writers for*tho daily nowspapers, tht the disorepanoy botwoen tho enumeration of tho ine Buno by tho Unitod Btatos Govornmont and that made by tho Board of Publio Oharities indicatos o fraudulont intont, {8 wholly baseless. No suok intont is possiblo, for the ronson that, whatover tho numbor of fusano may bo, nono of thom aro ® publio oliargo, oxcopt thoso carod for in State asylumg and it couuty alms-houscs, It tho Bonrd ehiould assort that thoro ato 20,00 insano in Illinols, tho statomont made by them would nob_inoronso tho nmumbor of inganc bouofl- olarioa of tho Blato aud countios, by s singlo ationt, No pationt can bo admittod £o any asye lum or hospital in tho Btate, excopt by vordict of . o jury of hia or her own neighbors, housohold- ors, ond hoada of familios, Still furthor, thia Board has not ono Tn“y of the public money in its hands or undor its control, for any oharitablo purpose whntoror, Tlho fuuds sppoprintod by ho Btate for tho roliof of misfortunc aro in tho liandsof the trustoes of the various Btato inati- tutions, Tho' allegation of frand roquirca no furtbor naotices itis Blm&fly a8 mlwoncuyfinn of the rolations of tho Doard to tho subject. Tho explanation of tho oxisting discrepancy fa, * simplo. Tho two enumerations wore made. bfi fforont mathods, of «which one was mors oificiont than the other, but neither enumera~. tion ia accurate arcnmd\slem. Tho cnumoration mado by tho Conaus Burean: 7as by porsonsl inguiry from houes to house, by tho porsons emplosod to take' the consus. ‘Tho enumeration by tho Booard of Charities was mada by correnpondenco with all tho physiolans iu tha tato who vould ho in ced to Toply to the circu~ - ar Iottof addrossed to thom all, without oxcop~ tiop, v Kz ‘The wholo numboer of insane porsons in sny community oan nover bo absolutely sscortained. In the firat placo, the line which divides ssnity from ineanity {8 Indefinite, and with rogard to doubtful or Jatont casas, thoro always must exist - wida diversity of opfnion among those Who know the °suspooted - individual. In the socond place insanity is rogarded by multi- tudos of porsons a8 a disgrace, and tho fact is carofully conconled from tho publio as long ag concealmont is possible. ;Agaip, thoro aro many - obataclos to & complote onumeration, in tho in~ - difference, ignorance, indolonce, and incapacit of the agents to whom tho task is ontrusted. No ona but & statistician by profossion can know or approcinte tha magnitudo of the undertaking, and tho impossibility of attainiug more thau st approximately scourato resnit. ut botween the éwo mothods indicated sbovo, thoro can bo no quotion a8 to which iu tho mogh truatworthy and officiont. . Tho failure to seours o rolurn of sll insane persons in the Btato by tho cousns dopartment arisos from two cousos. Many consus takers - nogloct o rofusa to put tho quostion to the head of o famlly: “Aro any of the members of thig family ineano or idiotio?” They shrink from g0 abrupt and upf‘nmnfly importinent an in- quiry, and content thomeelvos with asking the noghibors in a casual way Whethor there aro any” insano or diotio poraons iu thué visinity, know this to bo 8o, bocausie an unusually intolli- gent and compatent Marahal told mo in convorantion that this was Lis practico, t, it the iuquiry s put, there are vory ' many who will rivate. . zot roply truly, but who say, “No,"oven although . the existence of auch fnmatos of 'the housa may bo notortous, . * Physicians, on tho ofhor hand, bavo no tempt- ation to conconl tho truth, it asiurod that thole confidential communications will bo_ respooted, © ‘Thoy are Dottor judges, aldo, of tho fact of in~ sanity or idiocy than the frionda are. It thoy oan ~be induced to sponk, it i evidond that thoir tostimony: will ‘bo more valuable than that of tho frionds themsolvcs, and vory much moro vaiuablo than that of an; dinary consus mmrlmnklug his round of vi te for pay, without sclontiio or philauthroplo tn: torost'in his work, Tho experlenco of this Stato and of Magsnohu- sotts boh Tho firat enumeration’ by cotreapondonco with plyslelaos wns mado undor auibority of 'tha agaschusotts Logislaturoin 1654, by Dr, Bdward Jarvie, ono of tho most emiaant of al living statistioians, and rovealod tho samo imporfoc- tion in the congus roturns, an imperfection ine horont ip tho eyatom. Iudeod, Gen. Walker, oonflrm the statoment just made. the Supaerintendont of the Consus, admitted to ' o In privato conversatlon o fow days Now Havon, tho importance iu tho chango mothod of onumorating the unfortunato classes, whon thio noxt constis js taken. 0, 8% n the The truth {8, that a comparison and consolida~ tion of the two lists shows that thoro are over 8,000 ingano persons in Illinofs, Tho census takers ra&arlm‘ 1,600 and falled to fnd about 1,400 of this numbor, Tho physleians roported 2,300 and failed to roport about 700 to the Board : of Olaritios. But tho tostimony of tho consua takors to the oxistonca of thosa unraported by physiolan 18 porfootly roliablo, ahd tho. tostl. mnovy of physioian to tho existonco of those une ° reported by tho consns_takers 1s squall worthy of confldonca, I not that my list is comploto—I know it is not; ond Gon. Walker, ‘1f- ho Is wino,: mit the imperfection of his own, It is di him, to B has boon takon lorotoforo, aud that nothing could ba moro unjuat thau to hold bim accountas - blo for tho nogligenco or orrora of his subordin- ated. My personal rolations with him aro of the most friondly naturo, snd no motiva prompta tl;lsfi'e)zly othor than o desiro that the intoresta ot the losa sllegations of fraud, o tho ono hand, or by & miatakon ostimato of tho axtont of this colame 1fy, upon the other, ¥xep, H, Wrses, Biny 29, 1679, Murdored for ¥t Monoy, Oreyerano, May 80,—Staven Bawyor, 60, living noar Bollovtio, O,, loft homa lass Mo tho bucollo malden, or hor fato s sealed, and sho will have to tako hor {»lncu amoug tho dis- reputablo companiona of tho party which is at- tompting to ruin hor.~Davenport (Jowa) Demo- crat, ~-Whilo tho grangs may oarry samo local oleo- tious, wo do not oo how they aro golug to decide national quostions, for thore Is as much diffor- onco among tho farmora on thoso quostions as horatofore, Mosuwhilo, the Repubilcan party ia not dead, It the Domoorats think it {s, lot them dare to mako a nomination, aud 800 how quiokly- vy for Bhmors, Q., having €600 on i : Nok rovuraing sk ths Sppoisted s oboros mado, and to-day bls dond_body was found in & mill-pond half" & milo from Bellovuo. Hig - money and_watoh woro gono, It od Lo was murdered for his m%un,v. S —————— 0On Wodneuday night & dend body was found - in Grand River, noar Dolts, Mich., which bas Doon 1dontifled s John Hiilton, of Lousivg. Ho Liag been missing sfuco {he 20th, and fs supposed to havo committed pulcide, Ho' loaves & wife and two cbildren, uo to that the lnat consus, under his supor- vision, s in sll respoets superior to any which | a0 s 0 clasa may ot puffor by bases * agod ointod timo, soarl was -