Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 12, 1873, Page 4

4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, AENMA OF BUTRCHIDTION (PAYATE T ABYAHCE), (S E08) sy 38 t tho nino rato. 1T provent dolay anil minfakon bo sure wnd giro Pash full, inoluding ktato and Gownty. Oftice nddross in Ttomittnncon niny o mnuo eithior by dratt, expros, Posb Ofiuo ordor, ot In rugiatorou loitars, nt wie'risk, TERND T0 01T RUBAGRIDEND, % {:q(ly. doliverad, Bunday excontad, 24 couts por wealc. 3 .u.xrv dolivored, Bundny tolndod; 0 confs par wook, Addross v TIIBUNE GOMU Coruor Madison atid Dearbiorn-ats., Ulilcago, 11l TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. ; VS THATT- ol e AR Randolils streot, botwoon MOVIOKKIVS TIATRIE-Madian stroot, Lotwesn Doarborn and ~ Htatg. Igagoniont of Kdwln Adaws. #ho Marbla Tonrt," S!_OPRRA-TIOUSE. Monroa atroot, hotwoon A Doarborn, Kiity Diauchiard Hurlasqua Gone d Diokoy.» AUADEMY OF MUBIO — HInlstod strec Dotwoon AR atd Monroo, -dusii Harv's ‘Theatrs Gomians Uomblination. ATKEN'S THEATIE-Wal h'u\'unuo. carner of Cone gross atveet, Nan Fraunclsoo Mistrols, FORIPAUGI'S OIRCUS—Madison atroot, oorner ot Elizaboth, o GLOBE THEATRE-Dasplalnea streot, batwoon Madi- son_anit Washington, _lingagoment of Miss Qarlotta Stanley, **Crlmu; or, Boorots of Olty Lifo, AMPHITHRATRE-Clintan stroot, hatweon Randolpls and Wnshington. Vanok, tho Urostidigltatour, % oo The Chicago Tribune, Monday Morning, May 13, 1873 Captain Jack and bis erow aro now roported to Lnve ovacuated tho lava beds, and taken to tho apon country. Nixon, the Now York murdoror, who wns eontenced tobo banged Friday noxt, s boon rofused a stay of proceedings by Judge Pratt Tho Federal Republicans have polled an ovor- whelming majority of the vote, so far, in tho cloction in Mudrid for mombors of tho Constitu- cut Qortes, Tha clection is not yet tinished, Tho Ocoanic, oncof the illfatod Whito Star Line, loft Now York on Saturday for Liverpool, Lut, aftor passing Sandy 1look, was compellod 1o return by a break in Ner machivory, It will Toquire soveral days to fit tho vessel agnin for £on, ¢ Utah is oxcitod over a decision of tho United Btates Court of 8alt Lake, which will freon large number of criminals confined in the Terri- torial Prison. Tho dectsion is not & now ono in” Ttah or the Territorics, and covars sifaply tho point that the Probate Courts bove no juriadic- tion ovor criminal cayes, Its effoct is to Invali- date criminal convictions which have beon ob- tainod in these courts, and releaso those im- prisoned under them, of whom thero are said to be acores. A meeting of tho members of the Bonch and Bar of this city was held on Baturday, to give formal and appropriato oxprossion to the griof of tho profession in tho loss of tholr distin- pguisted head, Chiof Justico Chaso, Addrosscs wero dolivored by Judgo Trumbull, the Hon.: Leonnrd Bwett, the Hon. J. R, Doolittle, Judgo Willinms, tho Ion. Burton O. Cook, aud othors. Regolutions commemorative of the public and privato virtucs of tho-lato Chief Justice woro adopted, and & capy of thom ordered to be sout to his family, - Two hundred Unitod States troops aroe on their. way to St. Martinavillo, L., to aid in crushing the “McEnery robollion,” Detachments of Motropolitan: polico have been arriving thero daily, Tho Bocretary of War has ordered Gon.. Emory to givo Marshal Packard sl tho asalstanco bo, meeds in eclzing boats on tho rivor© for tho transporiation of _ his forces. In the feco of ‘all this formidable mray of Btato and National troops, the state- ment ia mado {hst no hostile bodies ato to bo found, and thot the civil warin St. Martin'a parish s over. Gov.” Kellogg lus made no formal requisition npon the Federal Government for help, aud &ays Lo belioves tho disorder will bo showt-fived g A prohibitory liguor-law is favored by the Com~ mittes in tho Canadinu Paslinment, whigh has Loen studying the connection botweon intomper- anco and crimo. They nasort upon official infor- mation {hat four-fifths of tho crimes committed | in that country result from this vico ; for in- stauce, 21,236 commitments of 28,289 modo in Queboe and Ontario wero to be traced diroctly to intosication. ThoCommittqe fortify their state- monts by tho opinious of 153 doetors, Who agreo that disense and promature doath are the results of indulgence In ardent wpirits, - Tho flscal ob<- jection to prollbiting the liquor. trafile, that to do so would deprivo tho Btato of an annual rovone, which Inst year wau 25,034,613.48, thoy meot by the argument that au equal miw would bo paved, under probibition; in the cost of hog- pitale, Jails, courts, and tho otbor applinnces with which socioty now stingglos against ime temporance. Wo have good suthority for saying that tho etatoment tolographed from Now York, a fow dayn sinco, thnt tho Ohicngo & Northwestorn and the Milwaukeo & 8t. Paul Railroad Companios tind decided to pool their oarnings and divide pro reta, iaat lonst promuture. No such arrango- roont has boon yot mndo, although it I8 not im- possiblo that it may Lo offocted in the future. As iheso two Companies control tho businoss of Wisconsin and Minnosota tributary to Milvaukeo and Chicago, oend as such an narrangoment would virtually shut out the public from tho benofity of tha compotition now oxisting, it would be & movement aguinst the public intorests which is to bo strongly dopreented. Tho tindo which it would affeot la too largo and too important to bo subjeoted to such a monopoly s this would jmpose, and againat it tho wholo Lusinoss publio should enter tholr decidod protest, Tho Chicago produco markots were modoratoly activo on Baturday oxcept provisions. Dess pork wus less netive, and a shado weakor, cloning ot 316.45@16.50 cash, and 216.60@106.65 sellor Juno, Lard was dull; and closed a shado Jower, at 38.85@8.00 por 100 1ha casly, and §0.02}4 ollor June, Moaty woro dull and oasior, at G3¢@03c for shoulders ; BI{@83%c for whort ribuj 8%@ 8J¢o for short ocloar, and 10@113do for swoote picklod hams, Lako froights wero moro naativo, and 340 lower, closlng firmor, at 180 for whoat to Buffalo, Highwlues woro moro active and fiery, nt 80}¢o por gallon, Flour wan active and gfing, Wheat waa activo and strong, but 3o lower » olog- ing ot §L.28%¢ sollor the monih, and /81283 sollor Juno. Qo waa actlve, and advar icod ygo, closing oanier, at 80¢o sellortho month, ana 4137 @41%4e wollor Juno, Onts wore alondy andiloss active, olowlug at 81%o sollor thq month,, aud = 8370 nollor June. Ryo was quiot and utondy, at 603(@700. Dnrloy was quiot, and 1@20 lowor, at 74@8% for common o good No. 2, Ilogs wore notive and flrm, at 36.00@5.05. Thora was n'l(vtqufdamnjul for hoot. chttls, and tho inarkot waa strongor, with sulos at §3.60@0,125¢. Bhooy woro unchangod, | ‘Tho notiou of Gov. Deveridgo in removing the Commisslonars and Wardon of tho Ponltontinry 18 to bo rogrotied, Thoto oan bo litklo doubt that tho Comminslonors nnd Wardon sworo ro- movod, and tho now Commiaslonors and Warden appolnted, upon puroly party grounds, 'That tho Govornor has pormitted mich consldorations to influenco him at all with reapeot to such officos io oxtromoly unfortunnto. In contomplntion of law, thoso officors ne to Do moved only for canso. If tho . causo in this nstauco had baon anything but an fustiate grood of placo by other .aspirants, wo lmagino tuht tho irrogularitios polntod out by tho rocout Loglalativo invoatigation would have beon deomod by tho Qovernor ouly of sufiiciont gravity to ro- quiro an admonition, Tho Penitontiary Is run- niug along smoothly and profitably, and, whilo Wwo linvo no ronton to anticipato that the now ofticors will prove faithloss or loss ouccossful than thoir prodecessors, wo ropont, that tho minklug of thoso oflicos gifts with which to re- ward party blowers fs unfortunato and to bo rogrotted, ) e ————— "Tlio Buprome Conrt of Tonnousao has rocently made o docielon which would ngt havo boon ron- dorod n dozen yonrs ngoin thut Btato. Two colored mon clatmod to bo helrs of ono Philip Garnor, 'Tho elnim was rosisted on the ground that the parents Lind boon slaves, whb woro in- capnblo of making a contract nt tho timo of tholr marringe, and - tbat tho marriago was thoreforo nulawfal. ‘Tho highost court In Kontucky lnd talon thin ground in two oakos, holding that no logal rights ocould bo nequired by =n marringo ---botwoen slayes or by their offgprivg. Judge ond,” ‘of ‘Lonnéssco, rofuses to bo govornod by the precedals cited, ' beeauso ho holda that such a dactrine is opposcd to natural justico and sound morality. Tho statutos of Tennossoo wore formorly construed to rofor to white pooplo ouly, but Judgo ond maintains that the marringo of slaves was still valid undor the common latw, and that conse- quently their offspring must bo rogarded as logit- imate whothor bornin slavery or subsequent to their omaucipation, Bearcely any other doctrino could find support at the hands of an an Ameri- can Cowrt of the prosont day. 4 — . The Attorney Goneralof the United Stntes ha: cortifiod to the War Dopartmont that, under tho et of thoe Inat Congress, requiring the rotontion of one-half the pay of the Union Pacific Railway Company for Government transportation, such autbority extends to rotalning one-half tho tolls on Government transportation over tho railroad bridge at Omaba. In making this decision, how-~ ever, ho disclaims any offleial judgmont upon the quostion whother the railroad hogins on the Yows, or the Nobraska sido of tho river, 1o jn- forms tho War Dopartment : , Firsi—That tho act of 1863, incorporating tho Come Dany, and tho smendatory act of 1864, ro to bo taken togethier na one nct; nud o8 thoy provide that ono-halt of all compengation for services ronderod by the Coms pany to (ho Goverument ahall be Fotatncd for tho puy= ment of its bonds and fnterest, without naming any spacifia servicos, nnd ns satd ncta grant rafiroad, telo- graph, oud bridgo franchises, the provision as to compenvation opplies as woll to services under tho othier frauchises. @ * Second—That tundor the act of 187, all compensa- ton for services to tho Gavernmont by said Company npon its railroads of any kiud i3 o bo rotaind so long 08 nny interest in tho United States by the Company upon ita bonds remaing unpald ; sud that tho raitroad of the Company across the bridge is ouo of tho rail- ronds to which said nctappHes, ® Though tho Attoruoy-Genoral in caroful to ox- olude any decision of, .the matter ns to whoro the eastern end of the Unlon Pacifle Railway begins, yob tho docialon that he doos make practically covers the case. If the bridgo over the Missonri Rivor at Omaha is no part of the Union Pacific Rnilrond, thou it will bo diffionlt to understand how tho tolla for transportation thoroon can bo rotalnéd by the Governmont. If. tho tolls on’ transportation for tho Governmont, over tho Union Pacific Railrond, which it is lawtul for tho’ Govornmont to xotain, begin at tho eastern ond of tho bridge, and not in midriver, nor on tho Nebraska sido, then the Union Pacific Railroad must begin at the vame point. i énl)tnln Hall'a Arctio Expedition cannot justly bo ealled a foiluvo, Mo did not entitlo him- selt to the reward of £5,000 which wae' offered g0 long, ngo ns 1776 by tho Enjglisly Govornment to tha exploror who should get within 1-dogreo of the North Polo, ITo hag not discovered tho northwest passagoe, & channel which the commerco of tho world has long sineo consod to think about; but lo las undoubtedly by hig intropid oxplora- tion; added to our goographical and stiontific knowledgo of that mysterious northorn roglon with which tho names of Cook, Roas, Purry, Franklin, Kane, and Ifayes aro foraver nssocinted. o hnacarried his vossel within 464 miles of the Pole, 219miles furthor than Dr, Kane warit, aud o greator rench of Polarnavigation than Dhos. ever: hofore boon accomplighed, and Lo sdoms to have discovored tho truo entrance into tho open Tolar Son, which L oluded preceding oxplorors. Capt. Hall, of whoso aéath on Nov. 8 1871, tho world toprngd _yesterdoy for tho fist timo, from tho lips of ninoteon survivors of his purty, was in carly lifo A prominont journalist of Cincinatl, Ilo bocamo deoply intorost- od 'iu tha fmbjost of Polar oxploration by following tho carcer of Dr. Kano In his two Arctic oxpoditions, ns woll na watuhing tho sourchos. for Bir John Franklin, | He detorminod to join tho soaroh for tho loat navigator, and in 1860, whon 35 years of ago, sailed on an oxpedition of which u large part of tho cost was supplied from Lis own means, e wag more fortunate in his sourch than any of his predecoasors, and Lrought baclk with bim, uftor an absouco of two years sud throo monthy, some vory valusble information in ro- gard to Bix Joln's fato, 1o published a narra- tive of bis voyago undor tho title * Explorations and - Adventures in the Arctle Rogions." He mida, a second expedition in 1864, dur- ing fwhich ho spent flvo yosrn in learne lug; tho Exquimaux langunge, and hab- ity of Ilite, Ho wocured mauy rolics of the Franklin crow, and’ discovered boyond & donbt that - thoy hod porished, and whon and whore, After his roturn he wpont a yoar In sclontific study, and smiled in July, 1871, never to voturn. Tho Iolarly, which carried bim, was a Govornmont ateamer oquipped with especlal roferonca to his nocdw, with n plcked orew, sclontiflo obuorvers, and all nocopunry appliances, for which Congress had appropriated $100,000. ITe wes sanguino of roachfuy the North Polo, but has porighod in tho To- THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY, MAY I9, 1873, attompt, anothor sacrifice to tho ambition tfi which Xano aud Franklin gavo tholr lves, THE NEXT OONGRESSIONAL . INVESTIGA- TION, ‘I'ho noxt soslon of Congress wili ind, no the Inot sossion found, mntorlal domanding Immo- dinto and ‘wenrchiug Invostigation. Tho caso of Tholps, Dodgo & Co. will como boforo Lho Forty- third Congrona as Orodit~Mobilior did beforo the lant goaslon of tho Iorty-second Congross. It will prosont n crimo porpolratod undor the forms of Inw mora vilo and dogmding thon the grand combitiation for dofrauding the Govornmont in Union Paciflo. It will involvo ofticlaly who worg ongngod fn o hugo blackmailing transnction, and will dovelop tho mnofarious wayn aud- meauy adopted: by spios, informers, and vamplros +|-who oparate wundor tho protection of Qov- ornmont nuthority. Tho domaud for; this ‘Invontigation will como from tho ‘ontire mor- onntilo communily of the country, which cannot ‘afford to pormit ono of its membors to ba bled aftor tho fashion in which Mossrs, Ihelps, Dodge & Co. wore plundered, sinco thoy may all bo subjacted to tho vamo procoss, Tho.invoati- gation muat bo puroned with opon deors. I'ho ovidonoo which sliall oxposa tho dirty trloks to which Governmont spios rosort must bo-laid bo- foro tho publio, I may bo that tho lnw will pro- Aoct tho officinls who prosecuted tho firm, but the invostigation is nocessary for two ronsons, If tho law doos proteot such villainy rs ling' nt- tondod thio Pholpa-Dodgo caso, it munt bo windo! 50 odions in tho eyos of thio pooplo that thoy will domnud its ropenl. If it dves not suthorizo tho procoodings thut invo boon adoptod, the por- potrators of tho ontrngo should bo brought to condign punishmont. " It lno boon shown that, out of an importing business amounting to about §440,000,000 dono by Messra. Pholps, Dodge & Co. dn tho spaco of fivo years, the Govornment lost ayrevenue in du- tios of only 81,600, aud that this.losa rosulted from tho unintolligiblo and unjust ohnrnoter of tho Tmport law, which it is almoss impossiblo for any businoss man to comprehond, and uttorly imposgiblo for every business mnn towtrictly ob- sorve. It hus, moraover, bean proved that tha houso of -Phelps, Dadga & Co. had no intontion of dofrauding the Governmont, that tho system of thoir involcos was uniform, that it was 18 apb to bo in favor of the Governrent s in favor of themsolvos, and that it rosnlted in their ovor- paying rathor than under-paying tho Quties that lawfully accrued during tho five yomrs. Theso facts, which have ouly boon/known to the publio within the last fow days, waro known to tho splea, the informers, the Cwatoms ofiicials, and the Govormnont prosecutors all €ho timo, Yot, I tho faco of this knowlod/ze of tho inno- conco of tho firm of all wrong-doing, the Cus- .tom-Houso gaug, dided and alyattod by the Trons- ury Deparlment, euforced, the payment of 271,02 to covor tho loss of#$1,600 to tho Gov- ornmont, This largo sum “docs nob go to the Government ; {f it did, iby-onld nover have boon exacted. Tho Governnwuf, gets » comparstively emall sharo of it, ana thea est is divided, eccord- fug to the law, cwmoug tihe Customs ofticiels, tuo United States Distrast Attornoy, and the informor. Thero v o slirong suspicion thab othor persons, not entit Jod by law to sharo tho epoils, havo como inyfora division for thelr co-operation in working!. up thocnso, and their influenco In securing = ‘profitable compromiso. Toro is anothior renscm® why thoro should bo Congressional investigatiion, If thers oo per- song who have nsed theird nfluenco, or lent thoir nid todho successfuk- cor plotion of this black- mailing tranenction, and w ho aro not entitled to nuy of the profits underyhoe law, thoy must bo oxposed, and mado to disg orge. Tho tompting Lribos which Govornment offers are infamous enough without any extengiti)n of tho aystom to outsiders, A Congressional investigalfon is further de- manded s ou ack of justico Ato Mossrs, I'holps, Dodge & Co. Tho #irm is ce'mposed of gentle- mon who ‘had built- up n roputation for com- merelal intogrity by tite devolison of o lifotime to their business. ‘Their» commoreial honor was waturally dear to thomshocausa it wils the rosult of- honorahle ambition mud labor ; it aiuo had an important business valbto as- dotarminivg the vo- Intions they could n'sintain with other coms moreial howsgs, Ths New ‘York Custow- House clique songhtv to..destroy .this. reps utation, this . aceu mulation’ of o lifo's Jsbor ot ono strokie. Pholps, " Dodge . & Co. wero brandod ns « sommon swindlors. - Tho telegrnph way busy in . rotailing tlic degradation to which they had I wen bronght. - Busiucss elrcles woro pormented with tho beliof that mpt- ters woro oven worso th am tho Informors ropro- sented them to be, and, 1 whon the firm paid over tho &271,029, out of whi th :they hnd heon black- mailod, the Govornmont wasyeriticlsed for having compromised the prosect tion; for so small o sum when it wag, supposed to e . eutitled to ek, more, Bhall'n practico be fol watod which mny blackon thio.good namo and ruis tho eredit of vy’ commorcinl houge in which ‘th o spies may flud: unintentional rogularitios undiar o law that i ot oneo complicatod and wunjust 1 ¢ "his is the ques- tion' for Uongrous to decido.f jAt common lnw tha cliquo that hog persceawe tho firm of “Phelps, Dodgo & Uo. would ko -inHeted for con- epirnoy and visited with a pianishient common- surate with their offonse, It wan cprtulnly o sorlous /orror on the part of Mosarg, Phelps, Dodgo & Co. to yiclil to tho ox- tortions of a binckmailing jring, but it wasa mis- tako which otlier business mon might meko undor tho same civcumedancos, Thero is ono low which would techrfically have- liold the firn vesponsiblo for tve /full value. of 'the goods which liad not beau so iovoicod as to includo all posaible items of exponso in trunsportation, packing, ote.’ No jury could: ovor have - boon found to givo a vordiot £or this mmount to divide among spios oud, informers,j bub muny mar- chants, like T'holps, Dodgo &'Co., would have decided nobito tako tho risk. {Thoro iy another Inw of recant dato which antliorizes the Gov- senmont splos to travorse tio country, pry Into tho ailniry of morchants, ovorhaul their books, und oxposo tholr busineustsecrots, Thero axo fow businoss men who would, not xathor bo - bed to o considorablo nmowitithan submit 1o - this inquisition. The tomptation is a largowons for thesplos. ‘'hoinformer In tho Pholps-Dodgo caso—ono of thoir:awn clorks—recoived §70,000 (moro monoy than e could buve enrnod othar witio In a lifotimo). Informors will not bo searean ab thig rato of wagaes, and sples willdo u thriving businoss. Now tho business momof thisscountry havo a sight to domand whtlor, aud to what oxtont, this systom of blackmailing fs authorized by the Unitod Statos Govornment, Thono I8 no way so direct and thoroughsto show thowreal charactor of this systom and & briog:it nto.lasting disro- pute, a8 tohinve nn opon fongrossional investiga- tion, whicl, by the way, sthould not: bo confiued ’ to tho Phelps, Dodga &}Co. gase, but phould ju- cludo othor trananchlonn, not quito ro notorious lm;L oqually i;ngmpl., which have Iatoly disgraced tha rocords of the elvil sorvico. - 3 — MR,"DUROHARD ‘ON BACK-PAY. ' | Wo print_ tho Jottor of the Ton.H. O, Dur- ohnrd, mombor.of Congrosn from this Btato, on tho salary queation, of whicl: wo had provionsly glvon o substanco,” Wo'havo: no wikk to'do I fnfustics, ind, thorotors, lob him :atato his own caso, in hlé own words. ITo' proposos to tako tho ineronso of pay for. the last Cangross, it tho noxt Congrens (of which ho is o mombor) shnll lonvo tho law, flxing tha pay st 7,600, un- changed, If tho noxt Congrons shall ropenl tho Inw, thion Mr. Durclinrd will roatoro tho * bnok- pay " to tho publio trensury. Othorwiso, o will rotain lho,bnukfpny,;on tho ground that hin sor- vicos during tho lnab two yoars woro worth hs mucl'as thoy will bo during tho noxt twvo yoars, - The noxt Congross will contain 174 now miom: ors, boing h majority of tho wholo, heso mon ‘will meot ju Docombor, and wili find that tholr poy lawboon fixed by n provious Congroas b 87,600 per annum. Cl‘hn;'; will assumo, vory nat- urally,. that tho pny, as fixed for them, with- out tholr votos, wna deomod by those wha pro- coded thom o fair compensation. Thoy will volo with groat “unanimlty that, us thoy hind nothing to do with fixing tholr own pay, and a8 nino'months,of thoir torm will havo nlrondy ox- i pired, thoy will loava tho Inw nlono, #o far.as it oapplica. to thom, No porsion in any Wiy oxpor- | ‘foncod insuch mattors ean have any doubt ithat© mll thoso mow mombors, who aro In no way rosponsible for tho loglslation of :1ngt wintor, will voto against any diminution of thoir'own pay.' Mr. Burchard knows' this, and ovorybody olso kuowa it, and, therofore, to hold -tho back pay for tho Iast Congrons dopendent on tho notion of tho next Congross is holdig it upon a cortainty that tho pousossion will bo per- manont. ; . Tho quostion of rocelving or rofusing tho 26,000 extrs pay voted to oach mombor of tho last Congroes is s moro queation of covscleuce, which onch membor must docide for himself. Mr. Burchard canuot escapo this rosponsibility by transforring it to tho next Congress, nor by p‘nttlng tho monay up 88 & bot on what tho noxt Congross will do, - This question of consclonco turns upon tho considoration Mr. Burchard, olocted to -Congress to worvo two yenrs at o compotsation fixod by Inw, i8 justified in takingsn increased compon- sation, voted at tho closo of tho scsaion. If ho thinks so, ho'shonld talto tho monoey; it ho doos’ not fool hg can do this consciontionsly, then ho onght to rofund if; in clfthor caso ho iasolo judgo as to tho proprioty of his action in a mattor so purely personal, and, having made his doclsion, lio must bo propared to abide the judgment of tho publio upon It If Lo thinks thot. taking ©7,500 for tho noxt Congress is as bad as taking it for the Inst Congross, wo should adviso him, if oitr advico woro agkod, to refund that also. THE LATE MR, MILL, The dispatehoes which bring us tho sad tidingy of tho death of John Stuart Mill aunounce that ho has loft in manuscript his autobiography. Of ol hia contributions to litoraturo and learn- ing, thia will probably bo the ono moat eagorly and widely porused. Afr. Mill's influence bag ‘oxtondad over tho wholo clvilized world, through thio medium of o comparatively small numbor of porsons, Tho works to which ho applied him- sclf word mainly of an abstruse and forbidding typo. They woro euch asattract only highly oultivated minds, and only o portion of those, Thelr influence aud pormanent valuo consist in tho fact that thoy lie at the ground- work of kmowledgo. He cresyed to go over ngain tho pothways of Asistotlo and Bacon, not ng an imitator, but ns an indepond- out thinker, tocstablish tho Mmits of the human mind, and to dofluo tho procossos of its opora- tion, Whethor his syatem of Logie, which om- Lraces tha best rosults of this gigantic undor« taking, be altogether true, or partly dofective, is o quostion upon which futuro gonorations will probably bo as muoh dividod a8 tho present. (It 18 cortain that no discussion of the subject can bo complote which iguores what ho hos ;said. His Intest critic, M. Taino, deoms it incomploto in confining human knowledgo to tho limits of Exporienco. An Amorican erltie, Mr. Rowland G. "Hazerd, hos" ingouiously aot- taoked Lin thoory or deflnition of Causntion. Dut whatover may, bo said of tho dotails, ovon upon 60 importaut branches as those, it remaina that his “ Logic ™ is tho bost . éxtant work on that subject; aud is probably tho ono upon which Lo proforrod that his fame as & thinker phould rest. e In his Addross to the studonts of Bt. And- réw's University—probibly’ the most’ compio: | hensivo cassy on tha bolongings of a liborsl odu~ ‘eation_that the English langungo 'affords—ho snid that tho thing which distingulshos one man .abovo nnothor in intolleotusl stature fu tho’ abllity to Judgo of tho yaluo of ovidonca.. This. {8 vory brond dofinition, and tho moroe it is \examinoed, tho moro truo it appoars,, What doos this or that fact signify—in law, history, phystoul eclonce, potitieal or socinl philosophy? It may slgnify ono thing or many things, It may.signi~ fy tho Yery opposito of what appoars on tho sur- faco, To Copornicus tho apparont motion of tho heavenly bodios signified something far dif- foront from what his predacessorehad conceivod. l1‘0 Adamn Bmith the utility of obtalning by ox- ‘chango that which could bo prooured by loss’ ‘offort than by drect produotion, seomad as trua when applicd to nations, an to individuals, al- though his contomporarios did not o rogard it. BMr. Mill's was pro-ominently ono of thosé minds qualifiod and trained to judge of tho valuo of ovidonco, and this - qualitication mado him the of mow truths in this eclenge, bub rathor o survoyor of tho flold in its then condition, his work has boen assignod, by thoso most compo- tont {o judge,.tho vory highout place in that de- partment of kuowlodgo ; and, slthough' somo things have boon added sinca bis trontiso was published, it sill holds the undisputed suproma- cy which it first achioved ns o systematio worl, The facts ond procossos whick constitute tho solonco of Dolitical Economy ara of so compli- eated and slippory s naturo that vory fow minds aro compotont to aualyzo and imprison thom, Mr, Mill suceoeded so marvolously inthis branch of inquiry, that, if ho lind done uothing else, Liy roputation would have boeon bigh and lnsting, Dolitical Eeconomy rovolves about Mill-—takos +him for a starting-polnt or s polnt of 'outlook—na ; satronomy rovolved &bout Nowton in his day, | although bo was not, as Newton was, 8 groat t ajacovoror, To sindonts of this sclenca tho most intoreting disoussions that Lave taken placoot Iate yoars are, that in whicl Prof. Cairnos bas autagonized Mr, Mil'sdefinition of tho prov- inco of tho scionco itoolf—tho lattor holding that [ of whother’ first authority and foremost . expounder of Politien)’ Economy In tho world, Al- though not olaiming ‘to Lo discoveror, 1t donlh only with tho oporationt of the human mind, whilo tho formor contends that it includen alno tho motorials of tho. physical’ uniyomo, | ‘whichi ara tho objoots of human 'dosifo; that in which' Prof. Bonamy Prico Ls antagonizod | Mill's doctrine that the demand for monoy iy the wholo amount of goods and uorvides: offered in tho mirkot,'nud vice tersay and that in which Mr. -Thornton -bns antagonized - somo - of Mr. " Mili'a, viows on the laws' governing tho question of Laborand Wagsn All Lhoso eminont thinkorn conour in giving him tho foro- most plago, and in rookoning thomsolves among his followors.’ ‘No ono o deomoed worthy of o placo among aconomists at tha prosont timo who Lo not maatgrod what Mill hos writton, In Loglo nnd Polliical Economy Mr, Mill achlovod his highost success, yot his Inbors ns o #ooial roformor may prove to bo thono which will causo lhim to bo longest remombored. Ilis Egany on Liborty {s one of tho nobleat oxposi- tions of tho'right of porsonal indepondenco (which ho conceives to bo tho ono thing most osnontinl to human’ progross) ‘that wau over glvon to tho world, Tha tyrauny of arbitrary power, the tyranny of cusiom, the tyranny majorities, and’ of .soclsl op- probrium aro all alike clabbod to the onrth by the pondorous blows of his Jogie. Of s latost considorablo work, on tho Bubjec- tion of Women, it may bo romarked thut he has loft nothing .to bo snid by anybody who shall como aftor him,. Tho contral idon of thia worle in that the world cannot afford to roject or yotuso to omploy nuy talont that tho Croator may sond ‘ into it ; that history nnd daily oxporionco teach that womon possoss tnlont oqually with men, or, it not oqually, that thelr dofiolonoy Is duo to ‘want of oqual educstion nud opportunity. Upon this ho eupports the claim of women to nll tho rights which mon possoess, including political rights, Ho advancos this clalm upon utilitarlan grounds, loaving tho quostion of abstract right to bo fought over by thoso who "havo a tasto for that branch of tho controversy. As 0. moralist, Mr. BIill -has beon rockoned the ;npostlo of Utilitarianiem, but, ssMr.Jamea Mar- -tinonu obsorves in his critical cssny on Mr. Mill's _works, ho foll considorably short of the expec- tations of that school, for, although bLorn and inurtured in tho tonots of Joromy Dontham, and heiled by his followors as tho rising star in thoir firmamont, ho beafon to their doctrines. To tho younpgor gonoration of English thinkors and lillerateurs, nnd ospecially to those of & radical bent in poll- tics, Mr, Mill has boon o prophot. nnd counsol havo boon sought moro eagorly dnd grontor deforenco pold to his opinfons than to thoso of any other mnn of our time. Ils ind wns exitical rathor than oreative, but ns o critfo ho was unrivaled. Confidonco in his sin- glonoss of purposo and dovotion to the truth, ag implicit ag that which tho disciples of Bocrates roposed {n thoir tonchor, was the roward which lio oarnod from tho groat body of the intollectual claagea of Gront Britain, and of Amorien as woll. To the Consorvatives and most of tho aristocracy of England ho was a bele noir, oIl tho moro foared and disliked by ronson of his ‘indifforonco to woalth, power and social profer- mont. To him the absoluto equulity of all mon and woman, in rospact of rights as membors of Luman socloty, was too plain for argument, and tho donial of such equality waa fit ouly to bo tho subject of indignation. . 5 Mr. M loaves no -childron to inherit Lis great abllitios and fame. Mica Helen Taylor, tho daughtor of his wifoby n formor marringo, i8 known to Amorican readors as one of tho con- tributors to the Forinightly Review, and as the editor and compilor of tho miscollancous works of Honry Thomos Buckle. * e TIE WATER AND DEER OF CINCINNATI. Tho recont musical festival in Cincinnnti has inveatod that city with unusual intorest at tha prosont timo. The fostival features hnve Alyaudy beon very thoroughly presented in theso columns, It only romains now to spenk of a fow of the domostic foatures, and, of theso, the groat Foun- tain, tho Busponsion Bridgo, and Lager Beer aro tho most prominont, that cngago tho atton- tion of o stranger in tho river platoau. Tho suburbs and olegant residencos on tho outlying nills are so far clovatod ebove the noiso and smoke of tho city, and diffor from it in so many assentials, that it is ke going into & now world - to ascend thoso hoights, Goetho's well-known lino, *On overy height thero lien ropose,” applies to Clifton, but Clifton i8 nob Cincinnatt. It has not tho inuumerablo fruit- stands, the turbid river, tho classio Rhino with' ity hoterogoncous smolls, thohundreds of second- Dand stores, the diminutive and dirty horse-cara which look liko overgrown turtlcs s thoy slowly, crawl up the hill-slopes, tho dingy buildings, the. ad hotels, nor tho band which plays vory badly’ 4t tho bursacks on tho othor nido of tho river,: and which belongs to Cincinnati by virtuo of tho mmsio which comos wafted over tho Ohlo from tho sacred soil of Kontueky. The Probesco Tountain i8 s noble worlt of modorn art, of which tho city may bo proud, slthough its smronnd- ings aro but commonplaca aud ita flriely monld- od figures spout vory dirty water. Liko tho roat of tho city, it must inovitably got dirty, however, ond thisis to bo regrottad, for, in design and oxecution, it s & credit to tho Munich mouldor gave only & qualiffed ad- His advico’ beor. Tho flow is. exhaustlosa, Rivors of beor, mountainaof protacls; and hugo carts of sausagos disnppoar lown the Tontonfo throat dally, and on any troot nt night you may buy. lfoerorllnqr Warst with . earswny-eoded broad and turnlppy hosso-adlah from poripatotic vondera who soll thom, a8 ono of the enusnge-peddlers ‘romarkod to tho writer, * for tho good of thio human raco,” ‘It must Do, ‘nleo,” that ail this 'boor is sold .for tho, semo ~loffy. and unsolfieh purposo. There «ds no -~ danger that tho supply of boor will give ont, for all tho largo #nloons have & browery attached, so that tho flow Is contfuunous. In thoso hugo saloons, whero hundreds moy congrogate, glassos clink and protzols sunp to the munic of Birauss and CGungl, and dfstronelng . quostions fn motaphyaics, ‘bounded only by the limits of tho Ewigkelt, are dincussed with o volubllity nnd forvor which would involve a fight in four minutessmong moro hot-blooded drinkers. Aa thip, howover, would wauto time, which might bo dovoted to beor, tho phlogmatic Gorman wigely docs nothing of tho kind. ~Attached to moarly all thoso brow- erion aro musie-halls and thontros, whore vory gross Gorman coryphoos exccuto very thick- footod and stout:limbed dancing, and whord there is vory bad aoting and chenp panoramas of the Gorman war goiting forth tho glorios of Friodrich Wilhelm, Whon all of theso arcin full blast, with tho blowing of brass bands, tha din of talk, and the clinkivg of glagses, thera in no Jaclk of excitomont on the further eide of tho Rhino. As long os tho Cincinnati boor is so good and Cincinnati wator so bad, thore fs no roason why tho formor eliould not tako tho place of tho Intter. Viewed from thin standpolnt, tho cnor- Rotfo and persistent offorts of the Cincinnati Commercial to got tho prico of beor reduced are in tho intorost of virtuo and morality, No ono can drink the water without belng tho worso for i, both In eoul and stomach. On tho othor hsnd, no ono can drink tho boor without boing ‘tho bottor for it, provided Lo i o virtuoso in beor-drinking. It "not, ho should not strive to omulate the capaci- tios of thoso diwollors on the Rhine, who have storago sufllelont for o barrol per diem. Alroady, horovor, in this land flowing with malt and hops,” thoro aro muttorings of discontent, The Com- mon Council of Cinciunati havo succooded fu presing an ordinauce to closo up tho musical and torpsichorean dopartmonts on Bundsy. 8hould they go still furthor and try to stop tho boor also, then tho old battles of tho Nibolungon Lied will bo fought over again on the Danka of the Cinclnnall Rbino, and tho tawny- haired Gormar warrlors willdiaputo thoir rights with the nalobs of Olifton and the merchants of the Ohio. Whon that timo comes, tho now placid Tthino will 8eo other sights than broad-beamed canal-bonts lazily flonting along, aud bob-tall horso-cars crossing its bridges. Oinecinnati will Thold to 1ts boor until ovory other interest is sne- rifleod, and is right in doing 8o as long ns tho beor is 80 good and the Probasco Fountain spouts such muddy impurity, NOTES AND OPINION. Tho Rochollo (TIL.) Register throws Mr, Burch- ard ovorboard, and nominates James K. Edeall to Do his wuccossor in Congress. Itsquarcly tolls Mr, Burchard that ho ¢ has gono too far to recedo, and lio can read his doom in the hand- ‘writing on tho wall.” —Tho Bloomington (Ill.) Pantagraph says of and tho Chichgo, Milwaukeo & St, Paul Ruilroad lines, that it— o In slmply ono more_fllustration of the cobatant ten- dency of railrond monopolics to combine and consoll- datg, nnd thoreby destroy.{lio hope, which is still cn- {ertained by some, that rallropd chargesmuy regus Joto thomsolves™' undor freo competition,” Tho combination of the two roads .mamod will placo protty much tho wholg rallroid B tem of tho reglon northwest of Chicago vir- {nally under ono manogement, Coneldering, too, the inthnations which Wero givou outa fow ek ago, thaat (o Bt, Paul lines huve already boon awallowod by {hio Penuaylvania Contral, tho now roport indicates thit amothior approach Jin# boen mado towsrd tho dostiny whilcl Aeems wafting for all of us in tho noar future, of Toconing tho very humblo tervonts of Col, Tom Seott, thig comity mountch of Amorics by virtus of his own crabip of tho ruliroad systetnof tho continont; Pleasant prospoct, fswt 1427 N . —Tho Grond Jury at St. Paul, Minn., hag resolved.to ioke up tho Biate ‘Creasury defyl- cation. 5 . —Of tho Koentueky rosolutions tho Cairo Bul- fetin (Liborul-Domocrat) sayss *1Tho dog teill return to his voinit, and why should ot tho Democracy of Kentucks—bicss its old souli— Toturn to thio ‘resolutions of 987 Theso resolutions wroof oxcollent quallty. 'Thoy hnvo tho How of uge Shout thom,—sro goold thoy must bo read tirough Bpectacles, cvan by tho political youths of tho conatry, ey aro good, belng old,, aud wo Liops thi fossils may ajoy thet ;. but, as for a—why, wu prefer ik piéty of Hardan, tho honeaty of Amos, {ho politieal ssgicity of Fiwuk Bladr, or avy othor worihlew thing, Lhoy, Wero to our taato in thelr thue, Lut our palits hdu be- i 0 awallow any moro e wgor-soniod et culom, 1b61ed # B g, . —In .Conneoticut tho Logislature represents | towns, nat population 3 aud it has comoe to pass ' that ono-fifth of the population cloct 5 majority 'in tho logislative bodics. Of vourso tho’small towns liko this, and havo bepn’ghlo to-dofeat all propduitions of coustitutional roform, Toquiring, s thoy do, n majority vole i ouc and o two- thirds voto in the sucecoding Legislaturo. It I inow proposed to disregard ‘thé two-thirds -rule. Cov, Ingorsoll soys; . . . \of thio Goneral Ausombly, ' rocommuend tho Hupip Hoy, Ao T fudulga tho hopo thiat, beforo tho_cxpiration of nisembled, and completed a work which tho peoplo of Connactiont will spprovo, nud of whivh .tho initiatiyo “honor will belong to the Goneral Assembly of 1873, ' .—{T'ho organization of the Conunocctiont Logis- Isture, ot llartford, May 7, was as follows ¢ Spouker of tho1louss, Willinix W, Baton (Dem- ocrat), of Hurtford, by 121 votos, to 79 for John 1%, Wait, of Norwich, Clork of tho Houso, Bamuel A, Yorl, of Now Huven ; Assistant, 1. H. Ifyde,.Jr, of Martford. Presidontof the who hns worked it ‘out without onco having | Souato, Allon ’l'enneylgllexmblmn). of Navwich, recourso to olnssienl forms. Tho whole story of water in_all its forms and functions Is admir- ably told in tho gracoful sudpowarful figures and [nthe reliovon.* Atthonamétimoitisto borflgrub ‘tod thint such artistio igures shonld bomade the resorvoir and dlstributor of such dirty wator, and thmt it should have baon Jocatod in such o dingy sud unpropitious quartor of thocity. It is as miuck out of placo a8 wonld bo an elogant ofa- ‘goro in o kllchon, Tho Buspension Bridgoin o noble achlovement of scienco, and tho magnifl- ‘cont aro suspendod by its thouennds of filnments from tho lofty and massive towors combiuos o porfection of symmetry with strength possosuod by no othor similer structure in this country, Prominont as thoso . two features aro, howaver, the -third ia tho most promi- nont of all. Gambrinus {a the ‘tutelar divinity of Cinciunati, 'Tho nnber canal, with its squalid surroundings, which cuts oft ono soction of tho city from tho otbor, liko n vory dirty ribbon, ia in vory truth tho Rbino, although it has 1o cas- $l0 oliffy, no vino-clad kills, no pootic or Jogon- dnry nssociations, sud no Undine floating in its thiok and nasty flood. Tho poople hoyond the Ruine dovote thelr oxjstonco to boor. Thoy drink it six duys in tho wook, and violate the commandment by not resting on the soventh, Boor {8 the motlvo powor, tho Inspiration, the bogluning snd ond of lifo, the hopo of youth, tho roward of sgo; and tho only eadnoss which op- prossos tho minds of thoso dwollors aoross tho Ruinoe {8 that thoy must pay flva conts for a throo- cont glagy of tholr sine quanon. A stroll through thig claseical rogion by dey or by night convinces n strangoer that tho pooplo do nothing but drink by 11 votes, to 10 fof Pliny Barton, of Hallsbury, Clork of tho Bonato, Goorgo Li. Cowell, of Wator- bury, 4 —'Tho Indlanapolis Journal (orton) bollovos tho Ropublican party will bo ossientially roorgan- izod, and take advantagoof the drift of tho titnow. It sayny Tho-Americen mind 18 radical; tho glory of the ‘United Btates #a in- tho future, It lives on liope, not memory, Henco, 08 long a4 iho Ropubliean party i1 tho party of progross, it will coutitiug to maintaln ftg Aohdonoys i suito of conetant chunges aud locsl aud tomporary defents, - —Tho Farmers' mavement has passed its in- ciplont stagos, und iy mxiving ot n condition of puch thorotgh organiaation that its supporters yay ho considorad s conntituting o party.” his wonns more, porhiaps, than apponrs at*fitst wight. . . , o b i ihis thet gives tho movomont its politieal signifeanco ; & body of mon 80 orgenized . as ‘to Lo cflpl\{:lu of_intelligent, councorted action, whpb nocosparily. oxort n gront intluonco in politles. Its croation ns Yurl,y will provont It forco being diverted into othor channols, and its mon will bo.chiosen in :ntiml Lo its ends s a party. It must bo avident that flscal ond econ- omicnl matters will bo raisod to tho first impor- tance in tho polities of the future, Mych ol what hag horotoforo been wet torth npon tho subjoct s oniragoons fally, aud will disappoar bofore tho. ding of oriticlsm, but wo think that sama tangiblo oxproanlon of doptrine will yot be promulgntod.—laltinore Amorican, —'T'ho poople of Wiscousin will look with ap- prehonsion rpon tho consolidation of thoso two gront rival companios, and tho * mouopoly war " Will now baye o elgnifionuco horo , that it has nover boforo podsossed. - If the railruad com- panios combine for thoir own advaucomont, tho pooplo phould unita for thoir own wolf-proloc. hmn 1 thoso corporations support candidatos in tholr own futerosts rogardloss of polilies, the pooplo should repudiato the old rotten concerns tlmé claitn theje party allegiauce, and voto for tho mon they knoaw can bo trusted in any cmer- gonoy, Feod attornoys and hirod lobbyisls igura most consplouously in our political convontians, and have controlled tho park orgilnniznuunu for thelr own selflsh ends, Lot the people yndorstand this fact ; “lot thom disown such loadorelin; Job thom omaucipato thomsolvos ‘tho consolidation of tho Chiongo & Northwoutorn | vome moro delleato, and wo must wait until wo bucomo® In 1818 the Convention was assembled by resolution- {he present ofticlal year, suck a_Convention will havo - from tho shacklen of party, and unite as ono man to put down the rings and monopolles that aro,_ hnrdening their industrios, corrupting tholr roproontatives, and ‘ondangoring freo inabift- llul;n i thiu country,—2dladison (Wia,) Den.c~ erat, . . . —Tho pooplo are awakaning all aver the land, and thoir volto is being hoard, aud thoir Intct powor is held in wholokomo fonar by the ofciul sorvarits who ‘hnve Lotrayed thoir trusts. Lt | the ‘gcmd worl goons “Leop tho ball a-roliing on." Don't go.:it Blind, " but, whon you know {ou’rn right, go shead, no matier who standa n your way. Croato o more hoalthy public nontie mont ; lob your ngonts in oftico undoratand they aro not mastors,— Waterldo (Iowa) Courier, ~When mon holdly do_what thoy think right, with 1o foar of party or party. loadors, nud cnre ing nothing for tho demagogues sol up by rings and cliquos, thoro will nob bo much dangor of things gowg wrong, not for vory long st any rato,—Indianapalia Nows, —\o prosorva sn unshaken faith in tho ability of the American peoplo to como to corrsot con= oluslons . ... Wo must know whotbor rallronda cnn _carry onr F""“ to markot and nfford us o {»mnt “for producing it or not ? and, if o, will hoy do it voluntarily or not 2 If not, what in the quickent and suront way of oum'pn!fing thom todo it ? 'Thoso i[uns'.loun TOqUire An BNAWOT. Antiquated precodonts and logal tochuicalition canuot _change the fnots or nocessitios of tha cnse. They aro but smoke, and can do little for tho mutual prospority of rajlroads and peoplo,.— Fairbury (1;1‘) Bllh']mxvllml‘ —Railrond monopolies stall kneo-doep In tho rights of tho people, and will only build when and whoro thoy choose. Don't talk twaddlo abone soaring thom; they only laugh in thoir omnipo~ tonco at what woak mortals may threst fo tio thom with.—Oherokeo (Jowa) Times, —1It Lias long boon n shamo and » disgraca to tho nation that woalthy corporations should have tho power to do just a8 thoy ploasod without eny rogard to tho rights of othors, Not only have Logislalures sucoumbod to potout reanons, but oven coutts hrvo boen found thoir willing tool, and vonal and corrupt Judges bavo prontituta tho provislons of justice to the Dbascst usca, Lawn passed for {ho protoction of the pooplo “have bLeon wantonly disrogarded, nnd regniationn ko onaroun havo been made'thad {m ulnr pationco iy near tho point whoro it coascs 0 bo & virtuo, There Is ouo_thing corlain, ‘and that iy, thal somothing mustbo done,—Lafayetla (Iml’i) Journal. —Tho ovidoneo is enmulative on all sides that tho Ropublican f[mrtY- haviug accomplished tha fimng misslon for Which it'wag organized, bag : "9‘;""‘4?“ m:} l‘lh[,'lglulhfl mncl;ina for m‘ihh‘ ng favoritos 8t 116 oxponso of the paople.— Linsing (Aieh.y Journal i —T}aro muat ho somo now boola openad, naw loavs8 turnod over, and auother syntom of polit'= cof government adoptod.— Clinfon (Jowa) Age. —In viow of tho roport mado to thu imhn Bhore Com) nr:!y, which wo havo briefly opite- mizod,Mr.Windom’sSenate Committoo can hardly fail to Invoutigato tho matter, and to roport how many participants thero aro In tho profits of tho loadIng railroads; whothor, 1n fagt, tho procoeds of tho tromandons traffio of the West linvo first -to be divided fwith_colored-car propriotony, who aro glso railrond officars, and afterwards with tho -stoakholders of tho compnuion, or whother tho Inltor nro the solo honeficiarics of tho ralcs oliegod 6t Paut (3finn.) Pres. —Te strilies us it * the poplo,” over in tholr natural and historie lives gavo emphatic and un- mistakable oxpression_to utter coudemnntion of any matter, it hns heon on this selary stoal. Auything more unanimons and raising abiovo all party feelings aud cousiderations, wo venturo o say, was novar boforo witnassd in o or any othor country.—Rack Island (Zil.) Union, —\Wo havo o vofi; dacided opinion that nccug!- ing brok pay and dovoting it to any uro under the direction of tho party to whom it has boon paid is all h“mh“% An nneonditlonal return of tho monoy to tho Unitod Btates Trensury monus businoss—an; lllin§ short of that is shsm.— Jacksonville (Ill.) Journal. * —_— /The ¥on. i1, C. Buarchard on the Sals ary Question, From the Warren ([ll) Smllnf% April 26, In roply to o lottor of inquiry from tho editor of tho Warron Sentinel to the Ilon, M. O, Burs chard, that gontiemnn mokes the following ro- ply. Tho latter was not writton for publication, but inneminch 18 tho subjoct is on of gonoral interost, and not fully undorstood by tho masses, wo tako plessuro in laying boforo’ our roaders Mr. Burchard’s views, trusting to his gonerosity not to mote out to us sovere censuro : Fneeront, I, April 16, 1873, Ay Dear Mr. Gann : ‘ow alludo in your lettor of tho 11th inst. to tho snlary question. The ultimate disposition of “tho incronsod amount o bo paidmo a8 amom- bor of tho prosont and Inst Gongross, under tho provisions of tho act passod ot the last session, ‘will dapend uflau the futuro action of Congresa inregard to tho salary of.its mombors. I was, as you aro awars, opposed to tho increnno of Congressional and othior salares ab tho timo 1t was made, I thought that & moembor of Con- gress, with proper economy, could live in n sult~ ablo manvor, oven in Washington, upon the eulary s it stood, elthough to save or sccumulate for his family ho must, as tho Hon, B. O. Cook of "this Stato did pock other remunerativo employment. Bub oven if inadequate, I proforred to accopt tho componeation whiclt the law then gave, rather than, by my own vole, incrense my compousntion for that or tho succecding .Congross to which T was n mombor olect. 1If, however, tho vote is horenftor to remain at $7,600 . por nunum, ag fixed by that nct, thon, in my judgment, moms=' bors of tho Iast Congross aro oquitably ontitled to bo paid at that rato as much as mombors of tho provont or succceding Congross, If come pousation is to be neasured by attendance npon Jongresnional duty nt tho Capitol, and by necossnry oxpenditurcs in ofticial sorvice, mem~ bors of the Iast Congress ought to luva the higher mnlury. Thoy twore dotained ab Washington during three rogular gessions of Cougress while tho law now requires but tico, Why should Gon. Logan not bo paid as much for his servicos during (ho month of April two yeara ago while & scssion requirod his presenco ab \fiumugzam ay ho or Gov. Oglesby aro drawing for this month whilo at homo ? It was no moro iwereditable forn membar to vote to increnso his salnry in tho expiring thay to voto to increnso it in thofollowing term. He would in cither cazo’ Lo voling money lo himsels, and that, inmy apinian, i4 the objectionablo feature of the Into loglglation on solarics, Tho membors olect to. the present Congroes as ' mueh con- tracted. to werve . during: their full terms at the. old rnfe- as’ the mombers did for theivg, ‘Tho membsr who lins consolontious seruples ahout raveiving tho_ine cyeased _compensation for servico in tho -last czenvio for iho prosent Congrosd.: * Should tho law inoreasing Congroasional sal- rrios for tho futuro bo repealed and the formor ratd of componsation. bo ro-ostablished, it will a mombor of Congress-to retain for ofticia govvico in the: present and last Congresy only the rafe thus decided to bo sufliciont, aud to Toturn to tho Tromsury whn evor .in oxcess of that sum ho may have wreceived for cithor Cougress. Bome who mnke no objection to the increago for tho future, or admit that Lo bo right and proper, koverely critis cigo the law morely beeauso it gives *‘back [ oy fall, liowotor, to point out uny ifforonce in tho morality and Emprlnt of n vyto to increase compensation, whother given a tho ond or ut tho commencoment of & term. Thoy do not oxplain why o membor of one Congress elocted to anothor ean vole himself or accopt with.more proprioty incronsod componsa= tion for the succesding Goume than Eb ean voto.or nccopt tho samso for Lho expiring Con- gress, In avory onso whore tho ealary has boen raised tho inercaso has taken effect from the commences anent of the term. 1k lwg horotoforo noyer beon considered disroputable for the Inerense to app!, to tho Congrans passing tho Jww. In 1880, nug again in 1866, Congressional salaries woro decmod Dy tho mombora inadequate, und at tho closo of | tho loug sossion, whon mioro than two-thirds made lo date back to the commencement of the fom, Mon of unquostioned intogrity, who wora tho snd now aro rogardod nh purs Boutwell, Sumnor, tophon A, Douglas, Joshun . Giddings, Ii. B, Washburne, and scores of others I might namo, still in publie lifo, yecoive: Whack pay®™ from tho bogiuning of tho tarm. Boma of thom votod pgainst tho passago of tha Inw incronsing snlurios, bul, ns it bocawo and res muinod tho rate of componsation for thelr ynae costors, nono of thom deomed it dishonest or disereditablo to racoivo and rotain tho compone sntion given by tlta Iaw to the Congross passs hx,ifl. Y o quostion of ‘Congrossional salery will doubtlos bo pasted upou by tho mambors elock whon ngsomblod at tho noxt sesslon, 1f, roviews ing tho uclion of their prodecessors, thoy deeldo thut the compensation is too bigh, and shall ro~ dugo it from tho preseut rato, ¥shiall doom it my auty fo nay inlo the Treasury whalever cxcess above the rate permanently established £ shall have recefved under the present law. But if it s ade mitted that the exlery should stand for thla and tho futuro Congress ns now fixed, I ean 110t 800 why Iam nob oquitably, aa well as logal~ l{l, ontitled to tho samo compensation givon by tha Iaw for moro Iaborious, continuons, aud oxs Yousivo oficinl sarvico in tho lJato Congross. X awm, truly yours, 1. O, Burouard, otit-going- Coagrass can nob connlstontly nceapt the fue thon, ay it seoms to mo, bocomo the dut ni of tho session lad oxpirod, tho inoroase twas - and incoyrupliblo statosyon, such as Boward, *