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PUEBLO. A Glimpse ot Life in South- ern Colorado. A Now Railway Town at the Bago of the Rooky- Mountains, The Future of the Region--- Sheep-Husbandry. Some Unplonsant Facts Regarding tho Colorado Narrow-Gauge Railway, Fares and Freights Made More Costly than Bull-Tepms. Spectal Correspondence of The Chicago Tribune, PugpLo, New Mexico, March 80, 1873, Puoblo is sitnated 120 miles north of Donver, and Is the prosont terminus of the Donver & Rio Grande Narrow-Gsuge Railway. It is the county-seat of Pucblo County, and, by roason of its natural resourcos and surroundings,— nostling, ns it docs, at the confluonce of the Fontaine, Quo Bouillo, and Arkanans Rivers; in the midat of & rogion which oftors boundless inducementa for stock grazing ; subjocted bub rarely to the storms and numorous other discom- forts of winter; and posscssing » climato unsur- passed in salubrity and Lesithfulnoss, it nspires to the proud distinction of being consldered the COMMERCIAL METROTOLIS OF BOUTHERN COLORADO, and a few yoars moro iwill doubtloss soe it placed in that position. Puoblo—signifying in Spanish *‘ many people™ —has a population, nt tho prosont wiiling, of about 8,000 souls, and Lias lots, ndditions, streats, and avenuos enough to nccommodate a million. 1t is & town of tromondous possibilitios, and s gottlod by o°clasa of poople who indulgo in tho most visionary schomes of future greatness. Avd yet Pueblo is not s ‘beautiful place, Itis phtchod down in the middlo of a vast, sandy plain, rolieved horo snd thors by high mosas, or table- lands, coverod with scraggy pinon and the ever- lastiog Bogo-brush ond soap-weed; the congenial haunt of the coyoto, juck- rabbit, sud the torantula; through swhich winds the Arkansas, its wators just froed from thoir mountein-imprisonment, and dashing forward na if anxious to find & moro favorable locality, Tho only thing that scoms to bronk the monotony and reliove tho oyo i8 tho snow- covored mountain-range to tho weat, 40 milos away, with its ravines snd gorgos, aud inaccesai- Dl cliffs, lit up by the rays of tho glorious sun, and tho rugged fronts of Pike's Peak, Old Baldy, and tho Two Buttos, standing like grim sentinals ovor their more-lumble fellows. On arriving hero, tho firat fecling dxporianced THAT Of DISAPPOINTMENT. & The travoler sces bofore him & scattoring collec- tion of brick, adobe, and framo-housos ; and, outsido of theso, o broad plsin in all its pristine wilduess, with no greon, woviug grass, or. tim- ‘ber, unless wo oxcept tho usual fringe of cotton- wood troes. He wandors sbout the strest; ho {nhalos the nliali-dust ; he gazos with astonish- ment upon the ationt littlo UTroB, OF DAITOYW- gaugo mules; ho eyes with commiseration the squalid Moxicans sunning themselves at the cor- pers ; ho threads his dovious way among tho nu- morous salaons, and, if of more than ordinary nerye, byacos himself up for a yrestlo with the Taos lightning dealt out over tho counter at the yato of 26 cents & glass; ho pauses in bowilder- mant bofors the concork-saloons and dancing snd gambling hells, thet deliborately causo tho char- fctor of their occupation to bo logibly inscribed over the front door ; and finally ho rotires to his hotel, aud, ovor n meal of tough boofsteal, sorved by groasy nogroes, in a greasy kitchon, from which tho fumes of more grense aro for- over asconding, Lo asks himsolf liow he ever got out here, howhio can over got back, and what specics of (nsanity s man or womnn must be ln- Boring undor who can eit quictly_down and live n Pucblo, 8o ha foels tho flrst night, and Bo Lo rotires to bed, leving positive instructions with the porter to call him in timo for tho morning train ; and thon lio arises thonext dey, rofroshel in body and spirit, with his lungs distended, and hin pulses beating under tho influence of the gcosh mountain-air; and, thus feoling, and en- couraged, ho FALLS AN EASY PREY {nto the hands of some of our wily roal-catate Philistines, and is eoduced into_the purchase of 8 cornor-lot at tho rate of 2100 a front foof. Tho thing is accomplished, and the man who, a few hours. bofore, was_wondoring Liow pooplo could make up their minds to live in this cursed country, becomes a citizen and & property-owner of Pucblo, and is a8 wild, a8 vislonary, and as deliciously enthusiastio ay all tho rest. Nearly all of the most wondarful conversions havo been brought about in this manner. Wiiatovor may bo enid of tho sgricultucal re- sources of Northorn Colorado,—uud by this mean that portion lying north of the * Divide,” & epur of the mountain-rango which shoots out nurl{ due cast mearly 200 miles, goparating ho waters of the Platte tho Arkansas, A residence of littlo over a yoar hau conflrmed your correspondont in the opinion that Southorn Colorado will naver bo- come celebratod for its agricultural productions. Thoe All-Wiso Croator nover intondod it for that purpose. _If Ho hied, tno soil would not be im- prognatod with such a quantity of nlkali, aprings Ridetvoams would bo more sommon, "aud. the eage-brush and cactus rendorod invisiblo. Thia ontiro belt of country was doubtless intonded by Naturo us & VAST RANGE FOR SHEED AND OATTLE ; and, when this provision of Naturo is followed out, the result is surprising., A% firub appoar- onces, sud at all soagons of tho year, the plains surrounding Pucblo presont a bare, dauoln}u 8- pect, and the farmer from Illinois or Iowa, accustomed to the rank vogetation of tho dark loam bl of the Emmas. would raise bhis strong right handand take o wol- omn oath that an acre of the grass in this coun- try would, not keep the breath of life in o calf ; ‘but our farmer friend is mistaken, Thess littlo tufts of bumch, or, as called lero, ground- grass, so Boro, #o yollow, so sun-burnod, so to all appenrancos dend, coutain food and nutri- ment sufficient to rhcu untold greenbavks iu the pocket of the cattle-dealer, and cause herds of gountless thousandn of sheep and cattlo to friak and walloy in fatness, Upan closs examination, wo find thattho graus is short and abuolutely patted togothor, and that tha very roots aro ulfiefly dovoured. ‘Cattlo requiro no shelter or fodder, nnd the serawny calf furned out to shift for itsolf in Noyembor, appoars ready for tho Dbutcher in tho spring. Bheep, in itiouler . tho' Morino. 4d Gotwoled proods, thrivo still more romarkably; aud - good judgoes pronounco that, as a wool-producing region, this counlry is su- porior to Eulttoruis: ? 34 OR EVEN AUBTRALIA, The bost mutton i producod by crossing tho Cotswold with tho native Moxican breed ; but, in wool, tho Morino soems’ to tako procadenco. Next to our mjucs of silver, iron, and coal, the groat ataplo of this country must forover romain wool and boel. It is no wonder, then, that Pucblo, ituated In tho mldst of this great stock-growing region, onsily nccessible to tho Corson City conl-flelds, now roached by_» branch lino of the narrow gauge, sud holding the key to the famed Ban Juan sile vor reglon, just now attracting tho_earnest at- tontiou of the miver, speculator, and capitalist, ¢hould iudnlge in somo bright dny-droams, and ordor, garmeuts out in u elyla to corrospond with her approsoling grandour, BAILLAODS, In January last, .Puoblo County voted the henlthy little wubsidy of 400,000 in bonda to aid tho Iausss ~ Pacifio, & Atckison, Topeks ' & Sants ~ Fo = Railroads, in the constrnction of iwo scparato, inde- ndent lines of road from Fort Lyon up Zl?a valley of the Arkeusas to this place,—donat- g $3,000,000 to oach, Each corporation pro- fesses to be bitterly {n earncst—tha former baving graded about 80 milos within the limits of tho county; whilo the ofticera of tho lattor doolare that they will havo the ralls laid to Puablo by the 1st of October noxt, For the past fow dnys, howover, rumors hayo beon flyiug about, to tho effact that a consolidation has Loon formed by tho two Companios named, and that both will unito in building a main line from rort Lyon, o distanos of 100 miles, While nothing is known with cnrmlu!( yot it la not improbublo this arrangomont ' will bo onterad into, s the gountry cast of Pueblo, to the Kunoas Btato lino, Iy yery thinly mettlod, and wil poteup THIE CIICAGU DAIGT ITRIDUNITT WIEDINOSUA X, ATINLL 10 linos of brord-gsuge uire two e T T .yosra to como, r, twonty-five fil;luat'&ao to lbn‘ynmmo to bo puranod aftor yonching this point, it is contom| lated to oxtond the road througli tho Arkansaa Pass, and on weat antil o conneotlon can bo ‘formed with tho Con- tral Paciflo’at or noar Salt Linko Olty,—thua so- ouring s now routo for {rans-continontal trafllo, bolow tho snow line, and bresking tho monopoly now exorolsod in_a superlative dogree by tho Union Pncifie. This'is undoubtedly the purposo of tho Atchison & Topoka Rond, a8 they oannot afford to build hundrods of miles through a com- arativgly barron country moroly to ostablish Fhulr wortorn torminus at Pueblo, and intorcept tho trade soon to be brought from'tho Hally of the Montozumas by the narrow-gango. ‘Undor theso conibined influoncos, and othors which I have not space to montion, NEAL XSTATE IN PUEDLO 1B LIVELY, i and gopnlnt(on constantly inorensing. l]nfln a number of Ghicago mon are on tho ground, and the vim and entorprise which buill up a now city from blackenod walls nnd dobris in the short aEwu of twolvo months aro boginning to ‘make themaolves folt in Pucblo, Xots thoro, a fow months ago, the ownor would have found diffioult to pawn for a wook's board, now com-, mand fabulous prices; and the squatter, who planted his adobe cabin on Banta Fe nyenuo, rubs hia dirt-bogrimed countennnce to find him- golf & porson of wonlth aud distinotion, whoso soclety and influonco are eagorly courted. Evory other man you mootis a roal estato agent or spooulator. Pueblo contains some spaclous business blooks, o numborof d:y;um]s ond grocory stores, with ohurohos, schools, nowspapers, and other applisncos of ' clvilization; but, at the E;ntiu g, 5ol manis resont the main lmluut;{n is comprised in buy- g, and bargaining for lote. Tho lot INFEQTS ALL OLASSES of socliely, aud a plensant story is related of ono of our worthy clergymon, who informed his be- loved cu‘flufirngnunu tho othor momlng, that his toxt would bs found in Block 23, Lot §, Ihatchor & Thomas' Addition; prico, #300. 1t was ovi- dont that the mind of tho epiritunl sheplord waa not entirely dovoted to epiritual things, Mor- chants, lawyers, Judgos, gmfosa(onnl men of all dogrees, poddlors, Constnblos, sud washerwomon, all avo lots_for salo,—some in East Puoblo, somo in South Puoblo, some in Bamdollge & Lowthor's, in Bartlott & Miller's, in Thatchor & Thomss’, In Ohnso & Bhaw's, in Oraig's, in tho County 'Addition,—sll in besutiful Jocations, found to bo in tho heart of the city, commanding an unlimitod prospect, ncceesible to thorailrond- dopota, and bound to advanco 200 per conttho noxt yoar ; o)l for snlo dirt choap, sir; prico only 9200, Btrike now, and your fortuno is mado, This is the provailing spirit, and, undor its Influonce, mon and women rush about tho ptroots half-frantio, and talk glibly of stocks, nnd investments, and largo dividonds, Itisa goramble and no miatake, and will continue until tho bottom drops out, and then we shall expeot to 8o real estato find its proper level. "T'o those of your numorous readers who moy design_omigrating to Colorndo, and who desire accurate information concorning tho attractions and rosourcos of this conntry, o fow facts aud figuros may not prove \m[ntomsllni. It should be underatood, to commence with, however, that tho days of wondorful spoculation and speody fortunos in Colorado HAVE PASSED, and that horo, 8s well a8 ab the Bast, industry, porsevorance, tnet, disoretion, aud firmnoss sufil- cient to encounter and overcome all obstacles, aro tho ossentinls of success. The old trappers and huntors, whom Irving invested with such a romantic charm, have passed awsy, with the ox- coption of & fow isolated cases, such ag 01d Oharly _ Antobeos, who sorve a8 guido for ~ Fromont on Llis firsb oxpedi- tion through this country, snod who, af thrac-ncara and ton, with oya undimnod sud firm footstop, still holds forth at his ranch on the 8, Charlos, surrounded by his dusky wives and half-broed childron, looking good for another contary ; and Zan Hioklin, the pionoor scout and guido, tho hero of Indien fights innumerablo, and who has lost and won 560,000 in gold at & singlo pitting, Theso men aro buv the ropro- sentatives of & lost raco, and have no sympathy in common with the freshor clyilization $hat has sprung up sround thom. Railroads are very prosaio, and the whistlo of the first locomotive at Denver sounded tho doath-lknell of wild ad- venture, of glittering hopes, of border lawless- noas, and of tho old scencs snd customs, Tho Indion and thoe buffalo are fast diappearing, and THE CUICAGO DRUMMER follows in tho footstops of tho Arepahoe or Comanche, Tho' necessity oxista no longer for Sharp's rifics and rovolvers, These linve ‘boon supplied by the plow and the mowing-ma~ chine. 'ho fitful fover of epooulation is giving placo to a healthy moral and physical growth ; and, underatanding this, new-comers will bo bot tor propared to comprehend the situstion. . WAGES OF LABOR AND COST OF LIVING. Tho groat nood of Colorada nt theprosont timo, partionlorly this portion is the bone aud sinow, to bo found in the ranks of tho hardy yeomanry, and skilled labor, A man able and willing, to work may always count upon omployment st fair wages. Common laborors recoivo from $2.50 to 23 a day; whilo carpentors, ‘masons, stone-cuttors, and otliors of that class, roceive from $5 to 86, With tho excoption of & fow artioles, {ho cost of living is buta brifio higher than in tho Btatos. Ever{thlng goos by the pound: Flour, 7 conts; moal, 5 conts; but- ter, 60 conts ; moat, beof, antelopo, aud buffalo, 12 conts; potatcew, 8 cents; cabbage, 10 conts; apples, 10 cents; audeo on in proportion. There is » great searcity nnd- great demand for oggs, and all that can” be procarod soll readily at 60 _cents per dozen. Rents aro not cxmwaf;nnb; in Pucblo, comfortablo houses aro held at from 245 to 985 per month, Dusiness lots on Banta Fe avenuoc and Main stroet command ©3,000 and £8,000, while rosidonce lots in tho suburba are hold at $126 for corner and $100 for inside lote,- Land in the valley of the Arkausss, owing totheimproved railrond prospects, are be- ing taken up rapidly; but thousands of aorcs within o few milos of town are still held subject to ;)rlvm entay, and only roquire some ono to step orward and take possession. . Ihave befors alluded to tho edvantages of Bouthern Colorado * AS A BTOOK GROWING REGION, _ and am confident that no Dbranch "ot hue- bandry offers more certain snd profitablo returna, The . pnstoral region ombracos millions of ncres mob yet appropristod, which aro open to all who desiro to engage in fm\vjng stoclk, Sheep-husbandry is already at- nctmf much attention, and it Lias beon ,satis- factorily domonstrated that wool-growing can bo made ono of the mast profitable industries. Tho fullowing ara the principal wool-growing coun- *ties, wilh ostimate of product for 1872 Sheep, . Wool, Ibs, ElPaso. + 90,00 100,000 a0 5,000 0,000 300,000 The most extraordinary and euticing feature sbout this country L 2 18 IT8 OLIAATE, the boauty of which it is almout impossible to dogeribo, ~ Whilo tho residents of Nobraaka, Min- nenota, Iows, Illiuois, and all tho Now Englend Btates, ‘lave beon floundering in snow-drifts, and anathomatizing In vigorous English the rav- agon of Jacl Froat ; whilo mon and’ toams have +bean frozen etiff, and locomotives drifted be- neath tho snow, smoko-atacks and sll,—the fa- \vorod denizeus’ of tlis localily have ‘nat -with doors and_windows open, and’ spaculatod upon tho advantages of a country which maintains tho morcury af 60 and 75 degreos_nboyve zero during the months of Jenuery and Fobrusry, As write, the air Las the balmy froslness of carly #pring, uud the buds upon the trees are swelling, ! Lho climato is simply dolightful; aud consump- tives, dyspeptics, uud astlunatics hardly over fuil to obtain specdy rolief. . Of couruo, evory placa haa ite drawbnoks, and ours are encountored in ' tho shapo of wind, or, moro properly spesking, BAND STORAS, You are walking along the ntruut‘ in the midat of an_atmospherr which scoms to quiver in the ardent Liont, whon you notice tivo or three minin- turo wmrlwiudfl, and straws and bits of paper go suurzyinfi heavenward, ‘This is the signal, and about this timo the old residents can gonorally bo soon making for safo quartors. In fons than a minuto thoro ia & rush and roar; tho hoavoens assume a peppor-and-ealt color; and tho Walioo zophyr, 8o graphically desoribod by 'Twain, comos down ‘‘jost & rippin'.” Grea clouds and pitlars of dust go whirling through tho stroot, or lodgo in_ovory nook and_orauny, whilo the lucklosi deesmnn {8 pelted with pobbles aud compeliod to haul to, “Iiats, caps, umbrellas, ots, and othor artiolos con bo soou eailing Liera and thoro; while ocoasiunally a tont or light framo houso strikes in, by way of varioty. 1t i somo cousolation to know that theso sforms do not last loug, and that, at tho close, Damo Natura sottles down into s more delightful mood than over, At the rigk of oxtending m scionablo limits, I wish to ndt{ facts a8 to THE NARROW-GAUGE BATLROAD, of which ko much has boen said, It 14 to cons noot Deuver ultimatoly with the Oity of Moxico, If so, and its” polioy 1a not chnnged, it will be raug[x on the Moxlcans, I am sustained in m statoments appendod by abundant authorlty, an: the Donvor.News glyos me somo of my figuros, Oul this way you must know that livery horeos do not travel for so much per mile, but by tho hour or day. Honco, in comparing " the fures by ral and Hva?', we assumed thnt tho horson Wowld pake & 2ull day's deive—F0 or 60 lottor to uncon-~ somo unpleasant | exponso, miles, Wedo not protond that hioraon aro choap, ~—thiongh thoy are ns low hero ag,in Donvor,~ but that they aro ; L GUEAPER THAN TIE NANROW GAUGE. For instancot It cost 823 to go from Colorado 8prings to Onnon Olty,—#17 rallway faro, and two nights apout at & Pucblo hotol, A buggy for throo dsys would coat no more. Now, a Qolo- rado busincss man must bo doing a emashin, buelness that can afford to travel ab such figuros, Tho Presiding Eldor of tho Methodist Eplscopal Church, whoso work s mostly slong tho lino ~of tho rallway betwoen Donver and Onon, says ho will travel no more lI‘; steam. Morcantilo mon sny tho samo. Toights are so oxorbitant that largoe dealers aro goln% back to mulo and bull tenme, A gontle- man in South Puoblo, who ia just oponing out n Jumbor yard, ordored 880,000 fect from mills on tho Divide. The rallway would not haul it for loss than 85 por 1,000, As ho would have to Bl from tha mills to the track, and from tho dopot to tho yard, Lo finds it cheaper to give the ‘wholo contraot to Moxicans to haul’dircot from tho mills, In this one contrnot tho rallway hns lost over 1,500, Lvidontly tho narrow gauge i ling tho hion tlint lnys tho goldon ogg. 'Tho Rallway Company owns many thousand nores of the finest land “in Bouthorn Colorndo, ‘but, by this oxtortionato policy, it is - DRIVING EMIGRANTS to sottlo north of tho Divido. To kmow tho #Land Company” ig not the samo aa the *‘ Rail- way Company,"” but it is tho same mon_playing into their own pockets. The namso is only & con= vonlont method of blindfolding the publio, Tho; aro solling conl at the minos for 32 por ton, an thion chiargo 86 por ton to transport it 46 miles down grado to Pucblo, and only 81 moro $o carry it up grado 45 milos to the springs. Tho"r{hu\vn Company wheelod uoblo County info the notion of voting £200,000 for their railroad branch, and the shovo is tho troatmont sho racoives within n yoar. Evi- dently the county s only s convenienco for the xailway ! Thoir catechism runs, that tho chief ond of man is 8 rnflmu«l, and the ohlof ond of & railroad 8 tho Trensuror's office. Wo should not ‘blamo Pucblo County if it found somo fault in tho toohnicalitios, and would ropudiate all the bonds votod to this little road. Cortainly, tarn about {a fair play. This road has dono much to open up Colorado, but it ia also doing much to impode gottlomont and to annoy sottlors, Weo should like to seo railrond mon wunml‘v ‘bus not at tho oxponso of tho ranchmon. Wallko to seo blood-suckers enjoy thomsolvos, but not at our SUBURBAN. 9 EVANBTON. In s secluded cornor of thio beputiful eampus of an inslitution of learning not far romoved from the din and roar, the dustand bustle of this groat city, undor the protocting boughs of a ginnt oak thero may bo found a rough bonrd, &t tho hoad of a small Em‘"’l boaring the !nllo\ving Distory ond epitaph : *'Twas midnight's holy hour,— a timo for memory and for tears.” Tho Doblé old raostor upon whose head tho forca of many & sturdy Fuck had fallon, slopt the sleop of the honest chan toteir. And in that sleop, what dreams did como! Ho dmnmlft that hio was young sgain, and in fancy crowed tho crow of long ago. But that bright droam was his last— Ho wolta to hiear tho old hen’s shricks, They come ] they como! tho Grooks! tho Greokal Ho nwoko to dic in the stewing-pon of & lun- gry Grook socioty, and as tho winds of Heaven gontly waftod his downy foathers out of the open window, bis soul was borno away to the being who gave it birlh. His existonco Lias long ere this bosn forgotten by all oxcopt the few devotod attendants on his 18t illnogs, who hiave erected this mausoloum to his memory. No more will tho trusting hon gaze upon his manly form, and the springchicken fool socurity undor his protoction. Ho lived and died game, and as in life ho was bold and rosoluto, 80 in death his carcass defied tho tooth of Lis destroyers, and his meat would not dapart from him. “Tic jacel, in toto. animus. Gallus tuus cgo, nunguam FATAL ACCIDENT. A fatal accidont occurred yenterdsy on tho Milwaukeo Division of the Chicago & North- wostorn Railrond, near the village of Lukeside. Mrs, James Bishop, whilo walking on tho track in tho dircction of tho villago, wus run over sud alimost instantly killed by "tho Xonosha accom- modation train coming from tho city, Tho en- ineer and firoman saw Mra, Bishop, and rang he boll and blew tho whistlo in smple Lime for her to eave herself had sho hoard eithor. 8ho died before sho reached her home, 6T, MARK'S ELECTION, Tho annual mooting of the purish of 8t. Mark's Episcopal Church was lLold Mondsy eveniug, "o following oloction was mado : Senfor Warden—Charles Qometock, Junior Warden—'] Pllllips, Vestrymen—J, H, Kedzio, Wl Lake, George P, Lee, Joseph Hobbs, W, O, Comstock, C. D, Paul, J. B, Bens nett, H, 8, Blaymalker, THE ATLANTIC RELIEF. FUND. The Atlantic Roliof Fund Committeo, having closed thoir labors, bog to make the following re- port, viz.: Amount collected nud proviously roported by H, F\, Jennisou, F, L, Fake, Franz Henckel, and Augustus Jolinson, +$2,054,.00 Colleetad siuce and uot reported. . 500,00 $2,664.00 P21 77 destitute panzongera by the stesmship Attantic, $20 cacl. . seees 1,540.00 Balauce deposited in 014,00 Buuk 1 $2,554, Tho balauco of fund now on bend with . F. Qoolbaugh, Prosident of tho Union National Bank, will be appropriated to thoso who woro, at tho risk of thoir lives, instrumental in saving pnsnengnm, snd caring for them after thoy were rescued, Buitablo testimonials will bo forwarded to tho worthy porsons s soon 88 & corveob sceount cun Do obtnined by the investigation now being mado the Committco. - Whon awards are mado, the names of recipi- ents will bo published in the daily papers of Chicago. ¥. T. imi;usoxv, S Fuep. L, PAxE, 5 Yuanz HENCKEL, Gt s AuousTus JOINSON. Attosts W. ¥. CooLuAua, Chistodian of Fund. S vl i EPISCOPAL ELECTIONS. -The rocurronce of Eastor Mondny of conras ‘brought round tho aunual ecloction of officers of the various Episcopal churches for tho on- suing yoar. TFollowing uro somo of thom : OHUROIH OF TIX ATONEMENT, Sendor Warden—TReubou Taylor, ndor Warden—1t, 8 Warlhington, Veatrymen—J, I, White, W, Plicker, F. F. Tifider, Wililam Morloy, Jobn E. Stridiron, Jaumes O, ltogors, GRACE_OiURCH, Senfor Warden—1lonry Kevp, ufor Wardei—iT. O, lautiog, Vestrymen—W. G, Hubbard, L, B, Otis, A, T, Lay, B, Audrow, Samuol Powell, . L, Yock, M. 0. Kings- 1and, . D,"Suydor, 5T, MARK's CHDTOI, olvillo W, Fuller, ‘roderick Dickinson, Veatryien—Robert Murray, Joseph &, Smith, John 1L, Roa, Jobu Burwick, Georga W, Mattliuws, Joremish Mopkine, W, 1L, Summors, Robert Portor, GMURGI OF TilY HOLY COMMUNION. Senfor Warden—Ifon, A, C, Culking, Junfor Warden—selcrick Gustorf. Veatrymen—Alfrod E. Nocloy, D, L. Slbloy, Alexan- dor Wirkiand, Jamies AL, Hils, Fuomsa AltLeo Fotormon, Jolin Hotehitisons % T Otte, rops ¥ No Clerk af the Vestry—Xavier L, Otls, Lreasurer—Charies 1, Calkins, L2 ardixeioN. wing, Veatrymen—Dr., W, 0, 1uut, 1% D, Oertdl, T, 1. Goudell, O, D, Dana, 11, ‘Btollwood, reat, Jo- LR 1ttt oy oot William Btreat; Joy Dariah Cler na. SANITARY MATTERS. The Board of Health hold its regular meeting yestorday afterncon, Al Hoard in tho ohair. 'll‘ha Snuiklm:’y Buporintendent roported 143 doaths nat wook, 7 less than for tho prece Thoro were 79 malos and 08 tnlnmla;].mfi'h%l;: were 17 doaths by convulsions, 16 by consump- tion, and 14 by small-pox; 62 wore undor 2 yoors of ngo, 60 wero Chicagoans of foreign nrentago, aud 16 of mnntive pnrontage, Tho ighost mortality was In the Fiftoonth Ward,— whiero 19 diod,~and in tho Sistoonth, ‘Lo numbor of douths for the corresponding weok in 1808 was 75 ; 180D, 83 ; 1870, 185 ; 1871, 86 ; 1873, 106, ‘Tero woro' 6 moro dontlis by’ wmall-por than lsst week, Thore iy nothing une ususl in tho ~causo of doath, oxcept tho increase by all oruptive disenses, ‘Iio menn daily tomporafure wa 11 dogreos Towor than for tho mume weok in 1872. 'lklm rainfall of last woak wag 1,47 inches more thau the proceding ono, nnd 2,60 inches moro than for the corro- sponding ono i 1873, Almost ns much foll as In tho provious six monthy, Cases of sinall-pox and variolold I.l‘nvn ‘boon reported at thh‘ty-ul‘uhc now placos, 'Tho inoronso is groat as in tho donths, Of the lattor, niune wore nover vaceln- atod, and tho remainder not sinco infanoy. Homo ‘Vixus s hoon obtained dirootly, from tho 0owe "-THE FARMERS' MOVEMENT, Attitude of thé«fl?'a,rmers‘ To- ward the Supreme Court. Lottor from Vico-l’iesidnt lfnotoi, of the ’ Hlinois Stato Farmors' Associntion, To the Editor of The Chicago Tribuns? 3 Birt Willyou bo kind enough to oxtend tho courtosy of your columna to us, that wo may muke a falr statomont of the attitudo of tho farmors toward the Supreme Court ? Wo aro misconstrued, and, s ‘we bollove, tra- ducod, by domagogu and our wishes and statoments, in a monsure, kept from tho publlo, or so garbled as to rofleat auything but our xeal intontions, Tirst, thon, I am fully convincod that you can- ot find ten sensiblo, sano men in this State who bolieve any of the Judges of that Court aro dis- honost. No rospootablo gathoring of tho farmera Lias 8o doolared, ‘What, thén, do the farmera complain of ? Firal—Thoy bollevo that this Court, honost ag it 1s, 1s about 100 yonrs bohind tho!bnainess and pooplo of this country. Becond—The Court attompta to rulo the coun- try, rogardloss of tho wishes of tho pooplo,— usurping the right to make -the diotum of the Court tho law of tho land, no . matter. wkat the wishes of tho peoplo may bo. Third~Tho Court concedes to tho Legislaturo tho powor—over the peoplo—of an absolute monarch, and thereby attompta to bind the poo- ple to complianco with tho provislons of statutos which it dignifies with the titlo of * contracts,” with which there can o no subsoguont interfer- onco. - £ Fourth—It decides, too, many casos in the light of precedents which have grown out of ‘matters not well underatood at the timo, ‘or not applicabla to our timo. - - - ,e In justification of the opinlons here statod, lob mo call attention to the fact that no case has yot ‘beon tried involving a discussion of tho rights of corporations without an apponl being made to the Dartmouth Collego declsion. And the ex- trome roverenco of tho Court for old and rusty procodents has beon sufllciont to insuro o do- cialon in accordanco therewith. I do not wish to discuss tho opplicability of tho Dartmouth do- cision to our railroads’ at this timo; but, if it shall prove that . this decision Bub- vorsive of the rights of the poople, will' roveronco for precodent induco this Court to go on dociding that & drunkon or bribod Legislaturo may irrotriovably bind a sovercign people to tho fulfiliment of ruinous contracts, which may deprive thom of all of_tho attributes of froomon? Tn o monarchical governmont, whore the_ sole power i8 vosted in the King, this thing might bo done; but it would be an act of l{rflnn{y ropug- nant to overy principlo of Republican ‘fro - In reforonco to our mocond’ speciflcation, wo call attontion to tho fact that the Constitution of this Stato, which creatos both the Buproma Court and tho Logislaturo, declares spccifically that all railways in-this Stato ave “public highwags ;" snd ‘the Genoral Assombly ahall corroct abuses and provent unjust discrimination and oxtortion in the rates of- fare therecon. Yet our Bupromo Court hag vlriunll&l told onr Legislnture tYmb it could do no such thing, aa it is tho function of the Cowts to say what is un-. Jjust _digcrimiuation, extortion, and so forth, | attor tho ovidence in ench-parlicular casa is pro- duced. Novw, lot us nnJ)pnno ncaso. Tho Gen- oral Anucmbiy proceeds. to pass a law fixing maximum ratos, and providing penalties, as ro- quired by tho Constitution, and doclares that any higher rate shall bo deemed extortionato, What it the Court to do about it ? Tho Gonoral Assombly has done procigoly what the Coustitu- tion requires, viz.: to fix tho maximwn rates and probibit oxtort The farmers beliove that the remudl{ offorod ‘hero by the Supremo Court is no reme: { at all, and affords no protection from tho evils com- plained of. The oxtortions of railroad corporations are generally made in small sums, often less than 81, and no farmor will involvo himsolf in & §300 Inwsuit on puch's trifling pretext. - 1f this doctrine is carried to its full develop- mont, it can result in nothing but the absolute rule of tho Buprome Court. . Whnt woask, and what wo oxpoot tohave, ia s overnment of tho peoplo. And all the neod we fin.ve for o Bupremo Court is to decido what we S.ho peoplo) Liaye, by our own voluntary action, eclared to be the law that shall govern us. We want no Judgo to spend his preclous time Inmlnm-y{x;nq tho libraries of Europe, to find out. what the Iaws of Empires or Kingdoms ara. Some ono will raply, that cases are constantly arising _involving = principlos that oannot Lo sottled by any wiitten law. Thon lot the Court bo the arbitor, until the neceseary statutes can be enacted, . ¥inally, wo acknowledge that the members of our Bupromo Court are woll read in all the his- tory and facts of Iaw: bub we boliovo that they hiovo not rocognizod tho fack thiat this nation Laa booen progrossing :*nitn ns rapidly in the acienco of government &8 in othor improvements. ‘What is anid hore of the Bupremo Court is also truo of tho Bar aa.n class, o soonor this fuct is rocognized by thom, the bettor. * It is too 1ato in the history of this country to seitlo any question by vituporation. Tor one man to call others dirly doma- gogues,” “'sensoless ehystors,"and the “ soum of the community,” is to use tho weapons of a blackguard, sud should bo avoided. * What wa ask iy o fair and manly hearing. If we are wrong; wo- desiro to gob right s soon as pos- siblo. Wo, as n class, dosire to respect tho Supreme Courf. But it it impossiblo to do #o unlass tho Court conducts ity business in such a way as to command rospect. In the rocent case sgainst the Alton Road, tho Court admits that it-isa caso of unjust discrimination, and, after citing n number of cases in which it had decided ad- versoly to this and other corporations on similar grounds, yot doclarcs & law that prohibits thia purticular thing unconstitutional, Dbecause ik prohibits more; and roversos the judg- ment below, most unaccountably, though every principlo of common law under which it Thiad docided the casos citod wea still as much in forco g ever. Thera is cortainly arenl or ap- aront inconsistency hero that some advocato of he Court should cloar up. It will not settlo theso questions to call us mudsills or ignorant farmors. Lot tho Court come up to the nxlrlt of tho age, keap in ‘ita Frupnr sphere, and no class of men in this coun- ry will givo i€ amore hearty or enduring sup~ port-than we, 5 M. M. HooToN, Vice-Prosident Illinols State Farmers’ Association, Oexrrana, 1, Resolutions of the Zion Church Farm= ers? Club, MamANNA, P, O,, Jackson Co,, Til,, April 14, 1673, To the Editor of The Cliicago Tribune: Bin: At » meeting of Zion OChurch TFarmers’ Club, lield on tho 12th inst,, the following pro- amble and rosolutions woro submitted by Mr, Mr. Bell Irwin, and, on motion of Mr. B, W, Eaton, woro unanimonsly adopted : ‘Witeneas, Tho fact fsnpparent that thorallways of the * Weat carry more grain $a tho lakes than can fhid trans- portation to the ast aud lo tho gea, aa 1 ovidenced by e fact (liat upwards of 20,000,000 0 bushels of graii 1anow atorad, at Ohlcago, ‘aloby tho railways, sud in tho corn-criba of the farmors ; aud Wiiznzas, We fud the prosent transport facllltics totally inadoquato o move thia vaat aurplus to tho koa; Al Wirengas, Tho Dominion of Canads hes madoan appropriation for enlarglug the St, Tawronce canals 80 84 to admit of tho paswage of vessols of 1,000 tons from tho Uppor Lakes, ‘via Montroal, to the ocean,—thus opening up b route of Limitloss’ capacity, withy olicsp frolghts, uied forovor dolug awsy wilh the possibility of gorges ut tho lake-norts and on tho Erle Caual, tho outrageous frelght churgos rosulting thorofrom, and tho consoquent ruinous pricen wo sre compelied {0 tako for our pork, corn, and oats : aud Waznean, Tho said Domlnfon Government offors 1o weo of ils grand. highway to Amoricaus, proviied tho Iaw bo o amonded {hat Awerlcan and Cansdiau younols taking down cargoes bo permitted o roturn with eargoes of Canadlun products, which wo ncod (and which come not in competition with anytuivg Yroducod fu the Woat), freo of tax; therafore “Tteavlved, ‘That tho Benutors and Ropresentatives of {lio Ameriéan Gongreas bo, and aro Lioroby, requested touso ull legitimato mesns within thefr wer 10 secura buch roefprocal relations butyoon tho Dominton of Cunads aud thin Govornmont 83 shall enablo tho farmors of tha Weat to Jay hold, of tho immenso advautages to bo reaped from openiug {ho Bt, Low- renco routo o American commorco: and, further That tho suid Sonators' and Noprosoutatives’ do exart tlolr onorgies loward soouring o repoal of thio dutics on thoso articlos entoring largely {uto the coustruotion of sea-going Veasols, ratlroads, rolling-stock, aud agel- oultural machinery; mareayor, Wo Urge prompt c. tion in this dircotion, knowing that choap Vessols and clipap allroads aro nlscoasix 1o low frelyhta, Jteaolved, That wo receivo 1h: sotion of tho Bupremo Goui in Hoolding Falway corporations o ke mosely Ttz OnitoAng Trinune, Jnler-Ocean, odom. nes laws to’ p el common carriors, and, as much, subloot to (he laws of thia Gommonwealth, AbI6 auziliary, in conjunos tion with wolladvissd Tegihlation, for inbicipnting ua from the deapotio assumptions, "wrongs, and_oppres. slonn which wo havo for years been subjocted to st tholr handd. . Tesalved, That & copy of tho foregoing be sont to and Oarbondale J. W. BrAxnox, Corrosponding Booretary, NOT SECONDED. ‘Netes, for publication, ‘What the North Side Saloon-Keepers Say Abont ho Movement to Close 6 on Sunday. The Police and Justice Xauffman Blamod for Not Doing Their Duty. If tho police uthoritios and the Justico who prosides over the North Side Police Court do not porform their dutios faithtully and impnrtisily, tho bottom is likoly to fall ont of the commend- abla movement in favor of Bunday tomperance, innnguratod by tho ealoon-keopors thomselves on Saturday Inst. Tho spirit which animatod the meoting at Foltz’s Hall has sproad to o gratify- ing oxtont during the fow daya that have clapsod sinco it was held, and nearly sil of tho saloon- koopors ~ aro - rondy and ~ willing to closo thoir placos on tho Sabbath, provided tho law will protect thom from thoso of their clngs whoso oupldity prompts them to vio- Iato_thoir moral and logal pledgos. 8o far ng can bo ascortained, tho polico seom disposed to romptly report and ayraign overy saloon-keopor ound disobeying tho law, but_the offonders, in many cagos, are not subjocted to tho rigorous trontmont thoy dasorve, Whan they como bofore tho Bolico’ Ogurt, Btinday s sways tho bost day of tho weok with them, and if thoy can con- tinuo to keop opon at o cost of ?!10 15, or 825, b what _tho thoy aro wilfing to pay it. T woll-disposod ~ saloon-koopers — tho mon who inasugurated the latost Bun-' day movomont — object to, and _what thoy eall upon the authoritios to remedy, If ton or & dozen mon in tho North Division keep thoir saloons opon on Bunday, thoy atiract moro than their share of patronage, and thus work lnj;{zry to thoso whoso places are closed, ontorday, & roporter of Tne TninuxNt con- vorsod with several of tho most prominont saloon-keopors, of differont nationalitics, on the North Sido. .All wero in_favor of cloing on Bunday, in conformity with Iaw, it tho_ontiro’ saloon intorest of tho division could bo mado to scquicsco or suffer severo consequences. 'hoy agreod’ in the state- mont that tho judgments rondered in the Police Court wore iuadequate to tho offonses, especially when it was the socond or third ap- ypoarance of the offondor befora the Court, and 'that the looso manner in which the officors of the court performed their dutics was doing more in- jury to the cause of Bunday temperanco than ©ovon tho saloon-keopers themaolves. Onoe man with whom our roporter spoke called attention to: tho largo number of violations reported at Dearborn Btract Btation last Sunday. Ho said ho could pigk out tho namos of soveral who talkod very loud at tho mooting in Toltz's Hall on Batur ni' and who took ‘part in thot meoting or the - purposo ‘ of gotting gome to close,. 80 ' that tholc™ own recoipts on the !ollogving day might bo greator. The samo mau, ho said, lad boon beforo tho Po- lico Court several times, and nlwnflu cacaped with fines amounting to ilttlo or not g whon cnm{m_ud with their Sunday profits, This, ho justly Tomatked, was but poor encouragomont t;wrh:hous who wero disposed to do what was Another saloon-keepor informed our roporter that a certain beer maloon, doing busincss near Lincoln Park, took in over £700 Inst Bunday,. because his : was _ tho only ealoon open in the neighborhood. It is truo that the manwas roporfod by the | Eolico ; but o he was sovoral timos beforo, and o always got off on paymont of a fow doflars. Ho will doubtloss moot with similar consideration at tho hands of tho Court this timo. A socond mesting-of snloon-keepers favarable to closing on Bunday will bo lLicld at Foltz's Hall next Saturday, et whioh soma defluite action will bo taken toward corrocting the logal abuscs which have boon alluded to abovo. It is probablo that remarks anything but complimentary to certain Police Justicos will be made, nndtho Mayor's attention called to tho fact that mon who ara ntrivlong to_act in accordance with law aro not protected by its officora. Tt tho rosult of tho meoting is favorable to Iaw and ordor, most of the saloons on tho North® Bide will be closod next B\mflully sad the pro- pritors of thoso kopt opon will bo roportod to the polico by saloon-koopers ; if tho opposito is ita rosult, all tho saloons will bo opon, and tho farce of talking about law, without being ablo to enforce it, will continue ng hofore. THE MODOCS. An Intorviow with Jeuse Applegntesa The Couse of the Disaffections-The Engagements with the Troops=-The “NMasuncre of Sottlers. From the San Francisco Call, April 4, Mr, Josso Applogate, one of the Peénce Oom- mispioners appointed to make a settloment with the Modocs, is at prosent in San Francisco, stay-~ ing at the Rues House, A Call roporter had an. interview.with him on Wodnesday evoning, and Mr. Applogate gayo tho following narrative his- torical of tho Modacs and tho present troubles: 'WIAT 13 ENOWN OF TIIE TBIDE. The tribe known as tho Madoos, Mr. Apple- ate bogan, is a part of the Klamath race, ~ The wo_tribos speak tho samo language and they livod neighbors toiuther, tho Modocs south, and on the waters of Lost River, and Klamnths north, and on the waters of tho Xlamath River, Bo far back as 1846, tho Modocs and Klamatha woro separate tribes, but tho uniform language proves the identity of raco. Tho Klawal never- were -hostile to the whites since tho sottloment of tho couutry, and thoy wero the fieat Indiana to enterinto treaty rolations with tho governmont. Thocountry bacoming sottled, thoy sold thoir country in 1860, and agroed to livo on & rosorvation ; and when thoso changoes had been offoctod, my brothor, Lindsay Applogate appointod agont by the governmont of Prosi- dont Lincoln. Lindsay liked the Indians under his oaro very much, and during his nzency thoy mado rapid advancos. Inthe fall of 1864, tho Buperintondent of Indian Affairs, Mr, Hunting- ton, carried on nogotiations with the Modocs go obtain possossion of their country, and the Mo- docs ngrood to live,.on tho Klamatll Resorvation. Before the treaty was ratified by tho United Statos Bonato, however; Gon, Grant camo into offico, and at the beginning of his administra- tion ke resolved to placo tho Indians -undor the care of tho military. In compliance with this change of policy, Oapt. O. 0. Kuapp was’ ap- Wag ?olntod agont on the Klamath Rosorvation, and, - lio tronty being ratified, the Modocs went ou tho reaorvation in 8 body—Capt. Jack with thom, and Bohonoin, tho principal Chiof. .\ .OAPT. JAGK CONSULTS A LAWYER. * Bome timo before thin Capt, Jack had con- sultod a Iawyer of Yreka, Judgo Btoole, who gavo him the pernicious advice that if ho and Lis peo- plo would take up locatlona and pay taxos thoy wauld bo reloasod. thereby from tho control of tho Indian Dopartment of Orogon, and tho 2fodocs would become citizens undor -the Four- toonth Anmondment of tho Conatitution. Capt. Jack accopted this advico s sound Inw, and when tho messago_arrived ho ropliod that he did not swant to soo Mr, Odinoll, that ho did not want Lo oon . the rosorvotion, and would not go, and ftat it Mr. * Odinoll wislied to noo’ him lio must ..coma down , to the camp,. MMr. Odipoll did not visit tho camp and ho turpod tho mattor over to tho military, Col. Groon had but o small force undor his command at Fort Xlamath, but bolieving the Indians would not resist, and Iu.\mvh-(iI thoir numbors, ho re- golved to movo a very limitod bady of cavalry npainst thom, Ho was notuatod aléo by the cou- siloration that if ho attompted to colloct o largo forca tho.Indians wonld probably hoar of it, sud Sould rotront to tho very stronghold which they ocoupy. PO eposs that Gapt. Taok had o sottlor namod Millor, who lived naar his camp, undor obliga- tion to toll him of the anrmwh o tranBa. As it happonod, Miller was absent whon tho troops camo down upon thaonm&u and tho Indirus thore- fore had no warning, and wore surprisod, —In rovongo for this, tho Modocs subscquontly Xillod Miller, who thoy considored had bntm{ud them., Maj. Jackson was in command of the troops, which consistod of a dotachment of cavalry, numboring thlrtxy-tlvo mon, armod with shor brouuh-londlnF riflos. Oapt, Jack's encampmont wae on both #{des of Lost River, tho maiu bod; bolng on the west bauk with Oapt. Jack and llmlh ton or flfteon warrlors, with womon and children, being on the cast bank. Soma ton ora dozon sottlors in the country above the camp volunteered to visit the Indinna on the east side and try to obtain thelr surronder, whilo Maj, Jackeon moved upon the maiu village, upon the wost slde, 5 TIE ENCOUNTER AT TIIE CAMP, At daylight onthe morning of tho 20th of ovorber Al Jackson roacliod tho oamp and dismounted hls men, Only twonty-threo sol- dlors could be brought in Hn{x the rs)ymllndni' le- ing xmukod to tako oaro of tho horres, Uns doubtodiy, -tho emallncas of the force an tha tomptation to tho Indiana to resiat. | They wdra protootod by tholr wicker-housos, . or wickiugh, whilat the-{roops woroe in the opon flold, * Ivan Aptrlngnlo was doputed to patley with tho hand, and ho nr’Fud thom to surrendor nml‘rfa with tho soldiors, hmnrlnv Iasted about thirty minutos, and during this half hour tho Indiana'woro pro- paring for battle, Boar-Facod Obarley camo out of his wickiup and advancod toward the lino, ntripgln himaolf, and tying his sash around his walst, o {8 abont six foot in- hulght, and s o finoly doveloped warrior, - Ho contrived to take out thres rifles with lum, and as he_stoodin a dofiant attitude, the Mafor ordored Liecut. Bou- tollo to arrest Lim. As Boutelle sdvanced Oliarloy ralsed his riflo to fire, and tho Licutonant drow his pistol and ordered his men toflre, Tho firing bogan in good earncat, but not to tho advantago of tho soldiors, Charloy's first shot out two or threo holos jn the right aloove of Toutollo's coat, and the mdment after he dro ‘md to tho ground, and of courso was missed by ho troops. With groat alacrity and tact ho k;‘gt rntmntinal;nd firing, and in this manner had dis- oharged throo hots' bofora ho got badk to tho wicklups, whore. he dissppoared in o comioal mannor, with all the alrs of a conquoror. Thoe troopa woro cortain that Oharley had been dllod, and ono man was willing to tako an oath that ho was doad, but Oharloy in reality never roooived a goratoh, Tho Indinns conduoted thelr flflng offoctually, and they woro completoly acrecnc from obsorvation, and not bullet from tho sol- diors told. Tho soldiors woro dismounted sud could not . reireat, nand thoy woro also much exposed. Thoy had to atand in lino and firo, with tholr short, usoless riflos, and in this position thay romained until moro than n third of them had fallen. Eight out of twonty-throo wora killed or woundod. It was only by great bravery that the romaindor relons- ed thomnelvos from their desporato situstion. Major Jackson gave tho ordor to charge, and tho soldiors oboyed with. alacrity, rushing forward impotuously upon the wluk!u{u, from which the Indians fled heltor-skeltor to tho bushes, and the firing cossod. One of tho cltizons on tho oast eido of tho river wasa deaf man, and did not hoar tho commoncomont of tho firing, Ho wasa per- Buading tho Inalnus in a tont to' leave -tho comp ponconbly, and was in tho act of shaking hands with ono, whon another warrior shot him in tho nock and killed him. Tho rest of tho clitzons fled to » houso at somo distanco, firing ‘ad thoy wont, and the Indians claim that of thoir number, and & womsn and two children were killod; but it is thought this is untrue. Major Jackeon drow his soldiors off, and havini marchod six milos up the rivor, ho crossod it an rejoined thoe citizons at Orawloy's house, whithor thoy had fled. The Indinns pursued tho troops \a short distance on horseback, and after Major Jackeon lind crossed the rivor, they also forded and burned a houso half & mile from the halting placo of tho moldiors. During the ovening thoy colabratod thoir yictory in truo Indian uzyfi:. TIHE MASSAORE O¥ BETTLERS, - Thoroughly roused, the Indians on the east eldo proceeded to massacrq,the whites who wero sottlod in the country around, and who had not participated in the fight. tho citizens who visited the camp on tho esst sido having como from Lakoyllle. Thoy murdered the Body family and Mr. Nurso, and wounded anothor man. oxt, thoy continued their raid down Rhott Lake, idlled Miller, Aloxander, and Brothorton, ond others. 1t is roported that, in all, they murdored soven- teon persons, but Mr, Applefintu has not been ablo to count up moro than fifteon whites who 'had not molested them and woro killed, . Capt. Jack rotroated down the wost side of tho Rhott Creak to tho Lavabed, as it {a callod, “or the podrogal, as the stronghold really is, and 1thero ho romains entronched and socuro. ‘e ‘Indinus who wero on tho oast side of tho river .mado their way to tho samo point by going round tho lake; Harker Jim was ono nf the party, which numbored, tho Indlaus say, only eight; though Mrs; Brotherton swora boforo the Grand Jury that thero wore.nine. DBoyond thiy coflict with the troops, Capt. Jack was guilty of no offenso,- All tho murders aro chargeable to tho small party-on tho opposite side of the rivor. MB. APPLEGATE'S OPINION OF OAPT. JAOX. _I-havo, said Br. Aplenfi‘ntn ovon yob o far ighor. opinion of Capt. Jack than of nny othor -minn_amongst the Modoes, from o convorsation I bad with him bofore the outbrealk. I am very much inclined .to think that, if ho could havo controlled. his. people, ho would not have al- lowed thom to misbehave, would not, have ol- lowed thom to steal cattie nmor kill tho sottlors, and I think he s s man willing to surronder. While -I was acting with Mr, g!flu}n 28 Peaco Commissioner some of tho people put a woman's cop on him, in darision, thoy were so angry ho should submit to the torms he was accoding to. "Then Lo made - very warlike spasch, and thoy applaudod him, and foinstatod him in their good opinion. JAQE'S POBITION. BIr. Applogate minutely describod thoe podregal in which Cept. Jack is entronchoed, and heis of opinion that it ia simply imprognablo, so ensily is it for o handful of mon to koop at bay any ot~ tm:klngl!orca. Tho’ enve in which the Indians are sheltored has only a very small oponing, and its nppronach is protected by rockse. ¥ Immediately after the rotreat of tho Indians to tho lava-bed; n_concentration of ‘tho troops was bogun from Bidwell and Warder, and from more distant posts. L The -Modoc Gibraltar--The Sago of 'Yoncolln on the '‘Lopography of the Great Lavo-Bod. From the Portland Sfinggn) Bulletin, Tho subjoned lottor Wi o perusod with in- torest, na much on account of its authorship as because of the interosting information it com- municates, To tho fow who may not know tho writor we will say that thoro is no name more honored among tho list or early pioneors of Oregon than that of Jease Applegate,;tho Bage of the Yoncolla. Ho writos as follows : T the Editora of the Dulleti The word * Pedrogal,” like tha word * Can- {nn," Thag been fntroduced into ourlanguage from ho Spauish asdesignating a featura of tho topog- raphy more clearly and. torscly than any word or hraso in ourlanguago. As by the word canyon he iden of & ravine betweon walls of rock is im- modiately conveyod to tho mind, 80 by tho word ¢ podregal” wa undoratand an irrogular volennio eurfaco of basalt, trrohyto, otc,, moro or less ‘broken into upheavals from bolow, and cracked and fissurod in tho process of cooling, I first saw tho torm in Liout. Riploy'a account of the Moxican war; it has since. beon evorywhero adopted by tho corps of ongineers, and ocours froquontly in the oxploration for tho Pucifie Tailway, ordered by Jofferson Davia, Becrotary of War in 1855, The stronghold of -tho ,Modoo Indirns is & 4 podregal’ of the most oxtensive and elaborate description; it occuples, with but fow intervals; 100 sqquaro miles, If you can, imagino & smooth, solid_sheat of -anite 10 milos square and 500 faot thick cover- g rosistloss minos of gunpowder seattorod at irrogular intervals undor it; thut those minos aro oxploded - simultancously, rendering tho whole field into roctangular ‘massen from tho #izo of & match-box to that of o church, heaping Hliouo massos highor in somo placoa and loaying doop chsms in othors, ]:'alh\\'lug the explosion tho wholo thing is placed in one of - Vulean’s cru- cibles nnd Leated up to & point when _the wholo bogins to fuso and run togethar, and ‘thon suf- forad to caol. . - e "The roughness of the nppor surfaco romaing 2y tho oxplonion Joft it, whilo ail below is Loney- combed by tho cracks and crovices dausod by the cooling of the meltod rock, . g osed an Tadln can, from tho ‘top of one of theso stono pyramide, whot. o mun withont exposing ovon aAquAro inch of himself. - Ho can, with duo Tinato, Toad and shoot o common muzzle-louding riflo ton timos boforo a man can scramblo ovor tho rocks and chasms botwoon tho slain and tho slnyor. I at this torriblo oxponso of lifa u forca dislodgan him from his covo, ho has only to dro into and follow some subtorranoan Ensungo wit) which ho iu familiar to gain nnother ambuah, from whenco it will cost ton moro livea to dia- lodgo him; and 50 on ad Iufluitum, e e e R i The Antiquity of Man, SirJohn Lubbook writos In Nature: * Ihavo rocoived o lotter from Mr, Edmund Oalvort, in which ho informs ma that hin brother, Mr. Frank Calvert, hias recently discoverod, noar tho Darda- nelles, what lio rogardy as conclnsive ovidenco of thio oxistonca of man during tho Miocono poried. Mr.Calvert liad provionsly sent me some dia ings of bonos and shells from the strata in quos- tion; wnich Mr. Busk and Mr, Gwyn Jeffreys woro good enough to examine for mo, Ho las now mot with a fragmont of a bono, probably bolonging either to tho Dimotherium or » Mas- todon, on the convex sido of which is engravod & roprosiontation of & horned dempud fwith archiod nook, lozonge-shaped ohost, long body, straight fore legs, and broad foet.” Thore aro nlso, ho says, tracos of moven or eight other figuros, which, howover, are nearly obliterated. o informs mo that in tho samo stratum he has also found a flint flako, aud sovoral bonos broken o8 if for tho oxtraotion of marrow. This dis- covory would not only prove the oxistonce of manin Miccono timos, but of man who had already mado some progross, at lonst, in art. M. Calvet assuros mo that ho foels no doubb whatovor g to the geologleal ago of the stratum from wLich these spocimons are obtained, Of course I am not in a positlon myself to oxpross any opion on the subjoot, but I am sure that the statoments of so compatent an observer a8 Alr, Oalyert will intorost youx readers,” . IRELAND vs, ENGLAND. An'Irishmon’s Reply to o Recent Letter of Our London Cor- respondent, flefl’ll:xfitgllof nélf'lld Cl)\lfllgn Tribuns: o dlacussion of purely forolj oll~ tica may not prove lutumntr;ug {o thgrvor;n:;lu Amorican ronder, nor is tho nforosald rosder to 1o blamod for such indifforence, To tho forolgn« born citizen, however, the toplo maynot bo withe out_attraction, ospocially when It fa forced wookly upoa his nttontion by thoe ardent porson who dooa the London corrospondence for your Journal. The individual roforrod to must Lo an' Edglishman; Iis every sontonco . botras 3 . his natlonnlity, o has the myx- adultorated ogotism which proolaima his country and countrymon infallible, and, in fact, tho ealt of tho ocarth, and which equally, holda all othor countries, and tho inhabitanty thoreof, sa more socond-rate sffairs,—tho Jour- noywork of Divino Providonco. This typieal Briton, wook nttor weck, has beon rogaling the Bunday resdors of Tuz TRIUNE with grave no- counts of the Irish olomont in English mattors, and hng, of conrao, paintod tho Colt in tho usust glowing colors, leaving the rondor nt n loss ta imagine whethor the Irish ovor sond anything but b knavo or & madman across Bt. Gaorgo's Channel. I willnot deny Lthat many of tho flrst montioned olass havo gono from Ircland to the British Parliamont; but, as far as gentlomanly polish goes, whether ho bo & rogue or an honost man, tho Irish representative ia quito as likely to act liko o human bolng as is his English naso- ciato, Judging from recont developmonts among tho ‘*bluo blood" of Bngland, tho Irish- ‘man could not have & hard task in oxcolling the Gront-Britishers in tho lista of civilization, But your English correspondent is particularly nottled over the fact that tho fow Irlah mombora in tho London House of Commons stood to- gother, for onco, and defoated tha all-powerful Gladstone. . What impudenco on the park of thess ‘“more Irishmen!” It wna not patriotism,” enys tho English oritic, “ihat urgod thom to this action on tho krish University bill; it was thoir Bish- ops. Tho Irish won't voto unloss il sanctions tho causo.” This ls, at lnu';z u?m:%f stanco of tho Englishman's statemonts, Tha Irish mombors aro slaves bocauso they voted ns Ireland and their mehnau wishod thom to vote, 1f thoy had cowored to Gladstone’s frown, pock- otod his bribes, and votod agninst thoir country and thoir conscience, then ghls “liboral " Eng- lighman would Jaud them to tho skies, and cal thom froomen and patriots. Buch is British logio, whorover Irish opinion confliats with Eng- mhm:)?m;m. other foaturo which this corrospondont of yours would sack to faston upon ha Jogislativo fight botweon the two islands is, that the Irjsh mombers, pledged to Home-Rulo and against the mny, Lowever, bo allowed to falsify a little in tho Flor‘nnn task of maligning & wrotched nationali- . Tho nssortion “that Irish Home-Rulo im champloned by Irish Catholics alone, is false ng it is abaurd. John Martin, tho * firsf out-and- out " Homo-Rulo man, clectod from the County Meonth, agninat ¢ Catholio nobls, is a staunch Proabytorian. - Xngland gave him ton years’ ponal oxile aftor ’48, bocnuso of his separationist principles. Tsaac _ Butt, olected from tho Cathollo clity of Limorlclk, supported b ‘mum and poople, is a Profestant ; Mitchell Tenry, the ropicsontativo of * Ultramontano ™ Galway, is & mombor of tho Eplacopal Clurels 3 sud thero are numerous others that might bo specified in tho same manner. It s o littlo too Iate in tho day for this Eng~ lish writer to scok Amorican sympathy for his country by ropresonting Ircland 08 an insatinto Catholic bigot. Tho poople who woar, in their hearts’ fondoest cora; the memory of Protostant Emmet, Protestant Lord Edward, and Protostant Tom Bteele, O'Connell's friond, cannot bo bigots. ‘England and herinfernnl falsehoodsare responsi~ blo for any bigotry that burns in tho hearts of Irishmen to-day. Shois atill playiugtho oldgame ; but Iroland knowa her now, snd, knowing hor, will shape ail futuro policy in accordance with should learn that Irish Catholics aro not, nor have they evor been, the exclusive haters of E"gnl.m rulo in Ireland, Chaptera of history might be quoted to prove this, if nocossary, ut bore wo hnye the reol gist of tho British- er's horror of the Irish members: Listoning to & knot of Irish mombers of Parliament in _ discussion, ~your corrospondent, ace cording to 'his' statoment, had ~the startling programmo of tho Home-Tulers” be- foro him. Horoitis: * Wearo detormined to govern Ireland for ourselves, Why should wo como over to this countryto vote and urnakil gwuy. induod?l ‘What right havo Englishmon, cotchmen, or Welshmen to determine our logia~ lation for us ?” ote. Now, sir, all this is trnly horrible on the part of those Irish mombors. Rulo Iroland for thoms solves, indeed! What blasphemy in tho ears of » noblo Briton! Tho Irish rulo Iraland for themselves! Why that would be actually 1y~ ing tho faco of God. What, then, should tho moble Briton do for his deaw-farm_snd_his logislativo experimonts ? Would Imihml‘y but an “irroclaimablo” Irishman ovor think of asking what right Englishmon, Beotchmon, or Wolshmon had to malko laws to bind his country ? Of courso not. Ahl thoso ungratoful Irisl | How absurd in them to sigh for liborty ; to wish English rulo to tho dovil ; tobo tired of Coercion ucts, Arms acts, White- Doy acts, periodical famine, nud plng'l‘ul ‘suspon- alon of 'the Habeas Corpus act, not to spealr of oceasionnl transportations, and ‘an odd hauging. Tho Irish aro, indeed, s singular 1oco, and spocially cursod by Heavon for their gross in- ratitudo to tho toudor-lionrtod English. Yet, corgo Washington facquired immortality by ‘being mortally ungratoful to Lngland. Ho was & * Home-Rulor ¥ of the most malignant typo 3 but ho was on American, which makes all' tho differonce in tho world, espacially as Washington hiad tho good fortuno to win tho battle, Tt wonld ‘o presuniption in o **moro Irishman " toimitate Goorgo Washingtou, Your Greut-Britisher fluds ono potont roason wly the Irish should not stand togothor in this gtouam strugglo for National oxisteuco. Hear im ; I can hardly beliovo that they will reaint tho Snflu- oncos around, T'he very niember who aliuost shricked, at tho moustrousuces of Lis belug oxpocted to como, niero fo leglslate, would bo s misorablo man {f ho didnt; Tlo Trish mombor with means gets fnto cluba and socloty ; ho etbows ambasradors ard notabilities of overy ¢lime; ho is tho gayest of flirts, aud tho Toudust ut o ditmor-tablo, Lo complalu of liaving to live in London during the season! Thero novor was moro downright humbug, Agalust the varied dolighta of London lifo botwoon Aurch and June, evon tho ox= Cltemont of hat aklrmishing with n handful of Orngo- men in & Parlinment at.Dublin would havo lttle to recommend It, ~MThore it ia again, Mr. Editor. Thore spoaks tho soul of Britain. What cnauco can the sun ot Irish indnpendenco have while onshrouded in the fogs of London? * Weigh Irish liberty in the gamo scalo with English ronst-boof an Plum- pudding, whoro could Irish liborty bo but Ygong up,” as the exprossive cant phiraso hath it ? Then the Irishman “ flirta,” ¢ Ayo, thora's tho rub.” This Englishman. has been ‘“‘out ont’ of his Indy-lova by some dovil-muay-caro Irishman, with top-boots, ‘red whiskers, and_an oily brogue. Evidently our Briton has small.faith in his fair countrywonion. Ho fears that, if tho soe curity of the Empire deponded on their loy- alty, the Irish colors would moon flont upon London ‘fower. Yorhaps ho's ‘right. —Thans O'Noll, in old timos, carried off an English Indy to Ulstor. Old annals say that sho didn't mako any groat objoction, His worthy nephiow, Iugh, coilogued with Queen Bess.until she got too &l, and then, for & chango, hio inducod Marshial Bag- enal's sistor to clopo with him, Worse “thinga thau evon- thoso might happon-now, if thosa “wild Irish " ero not. furthor obatruoted by the ‘benignant provess of English lny, - Tiolative to * ukirmishing with half-n-dozen Orangemen” iu an Irish Parlinmont, if the Engs lish writor can udvauce nothing more alurming by way.of bindering a dissolution of the Empire, I'tonr ealtpotre wou't save Lingland, “Whera aro many othor poina thut might bear some criticism, ut I have already oxceoded my limits, and teel nshiamed of hoving trespassed at guch length upon your spaco. In couclusion, lot mo remark that the hour ia comlng, if it hns not alroady vome, whon Britain will coase to bo natonished ~at the natural desire of the Irish nntlon at home to govern itsolf, and the oqually natural ambition og the Irish peopls abroad to nesist in mukiug their native FEIITY a happy Republio. Bramnock. Cuioago, April 14, 1873, . ——— ~Tt {8 gonerally belioved now by meteorolo~ Elnls, uay tho New York Z%mes, tlmyt wo are lo avo & oyale of very hot summors, An eminent sanitarian in -the Hoalth Dopartmont, Dr. Bla{:h«u Smith, has already issued a mpor& Buge gouting mensures during tho coming summer, ‘which will ruwnb tho fatal eflects of tho em " pooed hea Governmont, are all Catholics, A noblo Briton that knowledge. It is full timo that the world *