Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 28, 1873, Page 2

2 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: IFRIDAY, MARCII 28 THE LAW COURTS, Examination of the Fertilizing | Company Continued. The Carbon Hill Coal Case--- " “Eloquent Appeals to the Jury. jght for 40 Acrcs of Park Land-:- Instructions o tho Jury - Yerdlict, Judge “Gary's. Double-Murder Di- . vorce«Compromige Order: . : Bankruptcy, Criminal, Couuty Conrt, and General Notes. Tho caso of tho Northwestorn Fortilizing Company came up sgain for hearing yostorday morning boforo Judge Farwoll, -Tho first wit- ness exnmined was Robort W. Ralaton, who tos- tiflod that ho rosides in Chicago, nod is Vico Prosidont of tho Company, over whoso . affairg +he Liag virtual confrol; that I, Baugh, tho Prosi- dent 0f lhu Cumpuuy, livésin Philaduiphia. Witnoss has been acquaintod dvith the Fertilizing Compnny's buginoes sinco Juno, 1867, ond way, for Lo yoars provious, engaged in carrylng on pimilar work olsowhore. Tho Company was organizod ‘In . 1867 Ita officors aro Prosi- dent, Vico Prosidont, Troasurer, snd Socrotary. Tho capital stock s 250,000, of which botweon 217,000 and $245,000 has boon paid up. Tho subneription by Mossrs. Baugh of £50,000 was paid for by the transfor to the Company of their purchase from Wahl Brottors, and o lotof shin- glen, "Tho eapital stock was subsoquontly in- creasod to £280,000, for which cortificates of stock wore issued. Witnosa produced a book showing tho record of the organization of tho Company, and elso of tho increnso of capital ptock. Bogan to tako chargo of tho work of the Compnny in July, 1867. Tlhe ocatablishmont waa thon connectod ith tho Pitteburgh & Fort Wayno Railrond by s switch, Wahl Brothers had two open sliads, 800 foot wido by 400 foot, The process tho Wahls usod wan to allow the matorial to dry in tho sun'a rays, which could only be ac- complishod in the pummer. Tho matorial at that timo was recoived partly raw and partly stonmed. The raw material was subjocted to procoss of stoaming. Connsol for the Compauy produced a photo- graph, nsking witnors to show whera the vab used to atoam raw matorinl was located. Counsol for Hydo Park objected to the intro- fluction of photograple. Witnoss ‘said ho continued the procoss of stonming two yoars after ho undortoolt the man- agemont, using tho vate and draing of Mr. Wabl; but subsequontly thoy buried wot ma- terial, Ho then described various mothods to utilizo soft matorial, which uxgnflmuntu, togother with tho purchnse of tho right to uso’tho prin- ciplo on whioh_the Ralston drior is built, cost thom 944,000, Witnosa doseribod ho procoss as conducted in the Esstern Btatos, which is purely o chomient ono, In Philadelphin tho soft rafuse is removed by farmers, who utilize it. After tho burning of tho fnctory, on Jan. 1, 1879,'he sot at onco to -work to robuild; and, in thirly doys, work was recommenced, with throo driers, with n deily capncity of sixteen -or sevonteon tops of matorial, - Townrds tho end of Fobruary moro driers wore in worlk, andnow there are sovon, with an average dnily capacity of about 112 tons, Tho daily ar~ rival oF matorial amountod ocensionally in 1871 to from 150 to 260 tous. If tho factory had not burned down,- the Company would have easily kept paco wilh the tank efuft and would Lave had ell-the material worked up by tho lst of July. It will take until tho middlo of May to dry up tho tank stuff at preaont on hand, and until tho 18t of August to dry the remainder. n Counsol for the Company again reforred to a sories of photographs, the counsel for Hydo Park objeoting, on tho ground that such evidence waa inadwmissiblo into the record, and irrclovant {o tho issuo of tho caee. His ilonoradmluofl_ thom, subject to objoction. £ Iu cross-examinaiion by the Hydo Park cotn- sol, witness stated that tho profits of senson 1§71-2 did not amount to over £8,000, This is aftor purchaso and erection of machinery and exporimonts had boen nllowed for. The profits on o ton of manufacturad fortilizer is 83, Tho Uyde Park counsol cross-questionod the witnoss with regard to the flavor and succulent qualitios of o dish of friod liver and pork, and wished him_to state what proportion of water such cooked liver contained. Tho witnoss expressed ignoranco of cooking oueo pwalla scalo. Had frequontly gono ona car of offal from tho clt; to the works at Aine~ worth. Was not awnro of any of tho matter bo- ing seattored aloug tho route of the railroad through carolessuess. Tho npplieation of groater amount of a\dghlmc acid than in tho proportion of 100 pounds to a ton of blood will ol caugo it to altain n greator donsity, All gas and emoke which is eausod by operations nt works is carricd off by & 80-fect chimnu{. Had four smoke-ntacks, ono of which is 65 feet high; tho remaindor nre 80 feob high. Was mot present when tho partics wera arrésted for violaling the ordinance of tho “Town of Iyde Park, ‘Thoy acknowledged, when tho Juatice rend tho ordinance, that thoy had violated it. 'I'ho contract hatweon the Company and the packers is that the Inttor heul the refuso from the city s an oquivalont thorefor, The Packers’ Associntion of this cily have raised a thousand dollars to nid i legal expenses agninat tho Hyde Parl authoritics. Havo offored tho Hyde Park authorities to vaeato the pmpurlg Tor £50,000, nud subsaquontly for £35,000.. Toli Col. Bowon that ho felt contident that ho could goon carry on tho work, by tho now meth~ od, without crenting & nuieauco, aud oxprossod o willinguess for s payment of #35,000 to move frym tho prosent ite. E In re-oxamination by the Company's counsol, witness stated that Lo waa iuvited to make o prososition upon tho ferma upon which Lo was willing to move, Had never solocted any loca- tion to move to in case of a chaugo. Iave pur- chnsed tho right fo ueo a new machino, by which tho procoss can bo emrriod on swiflly., Whs idea of going to tlo Stock Yurds deponded upon the success of the Lenzino process, by'which he bo- lioved the materiel caubo handlod throughout without serious offense to tho publio uostril, Had it not boen for the firo, thoy wonld havo bad the process working ot presont. Tho insti- tutiou has navar declared a dividend. ‘Plie, Court then adjourned uutil 10 o'clock this morning. NEAR END OF THE COAL CASE, Thero was a grent doal of eloguence used up, yestordey, in tho argumnonts of counsel in the groat coal case. o orntion of tho counsol for tlie dofendants was reslly worth a dollar to hoar. ho languago wan boautiful. Ho féno!cd Bhy- lock, aud roquested tho plaintiif to tako Lis ound of flosh, without spilling one drop of Elood, and to mind to telo it from around the heart. o also charactorized tho argument of tho othor side, with all duo redpect, as buil- hooded nonsonse, 'The substance of his roply to the caso was, in offcet, that tho conl hiad run out, or the conl was mot thoro, aLd, theroforo, the dofondants could not bo .12, Block 9,'in Sehoo compoliod to work that non-oxistont coal. They worked all the coa! they could find, but that way insuficient to carry out tho construction tho pleiutift placod on tho contract. Ho held up o spocimon of tho coal oxhibited, and dasbed it down, denouncing it as manglodebnle, Ho ropudinted flmoat avery interprotation the other sldo had plnead, bothon the contractand tho fucts, and cinined that on the faotd his witnosy- cs had chased them morcilessly from point to point, and erushed out from thelr caso the last omblanco of truth, Then le turned to page 193, Baimbridge, and other poges in other fol- lowd' intolorablo books, aud dushed off into the fascinating lubyrinth of law casos, In order to wbow how tho old thing worked whero paoplo had coutracted to dig out cosl and pay for b whora there was nio conl to bo dug or to b paid for, Altogothor, it wes n rousing aftornoon, undor tho influcnoo of which tho spirits of all intereated bavo visibly visen, COURTNEY V. THE N, O. TISHUOP, The ease of Courtnoy v, tho R, 0. Bishop of Chicago, camo up Loforo Judgo Booth yesterday evoning, ‘Tho plaintiif sceky $8,600, which ho claims is & balauce duo to Lim’ for tho stono- masonry work put into the 8t, Patricl's Churel whon It waa heightened. TLo elaim is contested on the grouad of non-fulfillment of contract by the plaintiff, 0 jury boing impaneled, the s} witnogs, Emnannol Erushaw, tostifled that th timo, but that the chitreh wau not' olovated, and- hd dould not do #9. Thoro was not snough stong o {lid ground to vomplote tha Job, but it could have boon proourad in thno ouongh. 2 Mr. Gonrtuoy, - tho plaintilm, {oatifled that hé usod ovory oxartion Lo put tlio Job throngl na woon na possiblo, Thorowas 1o agroomont mndo with rogard to tho ime in which the worlk was to bo completed. " Tho extrn work whieh ho did wna tho wator-table, which was worth somo £400, Tho backing of the front of thio basomont wns to have boon done with brick, but stono waa uned on neconnt of the riso in the price of brick immadintoly after tho fire. Somo.of tho brick - lio had acoumtilatod for tho purposs of building tho backing, ho sold. - Premimod thnt-beforo so doling ho Etained tho Towvo of Father Connolly to two stono instead of brick, Tho -onao went over until to-dny. . o Counsol for the plaintit ara Mosarn, Fullor and Smitly; and for tho defondant, Mr.-Caulficld. JUDGL GANY'S'DOUBLE-MURDER DIVOROE COMPRO- MIGE ORDER. * Judge Gary hna.only mado threo ordors of tho Jind ho made, yestordny, in the caso of onoe Al TDortus, ngainst whom s suit for divorco has boen inntituted Dby his wifo, duringhis enroorasn Judgo. Albortus is uhnrf;ed with oxtrome and ropentod cruelty, and Iis wifo is within n fow ‘dnyn of hor confinoment. Tho counsol for the ‘parties proposed ns o Lumpumr]y compromiso, all tho litigauts, who sro nlmost in pauperis, tht the woman shonld go to tho homastond to bo confinod, and tho cbildron romain with hor, tho Lusband ' boing restralned from going near hor for tha time'being ; and that as goon oy the wom- oan gota woll onough to move, tho womnn shall leavo the homestend, tho homostead be old, and tho matters in quentlon bo finnlly sottled. Whilst pormitting this arrangomont, tha Court remarked, 08 o pingulur incident, that a cortain’ fatality sooma to have attondad the compromisos of _this naturo that he -had allowed during his judicial careor. In ono case tho husband bnd returned to tho homostead in spito of the ordora of tha Couzrt, and, a quarrel ensuing, ho killed his wile. In the other caso, tho husbaud; although ex- Yrossly direated nak ta do #d, wea unahla to” ro main ‘away from Lis hotna, nnd, yiolding to o owor boyond lis, entored the loueo, and; find- ng his childron, deliberately murdored them, and thop committod suicide. "Ono was an Eug- lishman, ono was a Scotchmah, and the third wan, wlxnm fatais yot undaotormined, is o Gor- man. L - THE BOUTIX PARR LAND TRIATL. The jury in* the trinl, Wilson v. Bouth Park Cominlsionors, yesterday, returned a vordict for tho dofondauts,” Tho following instructions will o found of goneral {utorast : The jury aro instruoted that 1t fa not materisl for thom in tliis caso to lu;‘llllro whother the nollce glven Ly James Qtia o tho salo f tho proparty tn quostion, under the trust dood, from Robert L, Wilson and wife to himeolf, was_in conformity to the requiroments of the aaid trust deod or not, If tho jury boliove from tho ovidenco that tho sald trust doed was n perfect deed at tho timo of ita oxecution by tho sald Robert L. ‘Wilzon, tho plaintiff cannot rccover in this action, whethor all tho formalities required by tho suld trusi doed in relation to n salo under it were observed or net, Thojursiare inatructod That all sssossments lovied by tho Cook Uounty Dralnage Commissioners wero vold, and in ordor to Bocuro tho bonefil of the statuto of lime itations it may not o necessary for the defendants {o shiow any payment of any of such nssossments, nor doca n salo for any such nasgssmont deprivo tho de- fondant of any right it mey have scquired by the pay mont of taxes for soven successivo years, 1f tho jury believe from tho evidenco that tho taxes for the year 1863 wero paid bafore salo, and that tho proporty in question wos afterwards sold fortaxce, this Balo does not afTect tho right of tho defondants, which they may bo entitied to by ronson of Buch payiment, if tho Jiolder of tho titla paid the taxes, it fs immintorial whether o sale for tho taxes so paid was mado or uot, THE MITOHELT, GAMBLING OASE. David: Mitcholl, chargod with keoping n gambling houso, Was yostorday tried. “he de- fendant 18 neither & young sport, nora mng- niflcently got up sport, nor ‘s hantdsomo sport, but one of thesocodiest-looking old Ghb)ifl imagin- ablo. He pleaded that merocy might be shown him, a8 ho had closed up tho houss, broken up bis homo, and taken his family to Indians, whore thoy now are, lying sick, ~ Ho urged the Qourt to consfder that’he had roturncd from Indiann,.at groat oxponse and loss of timo, to meet hi# trial, and snvo hia _bail, and tho Court, ‘whilat having no doubt of hia guilt, in conslder- ation of the oxtenuating ciroumstancos, sus- onded sentence in tho hopo that, with sentence aving over him, he would bo seared from com- ing to Chicago and doing 8o any moro. THE RELIOT OF TWO HUBBANDS. Herman Beeknm}: died onthe 14th of April, 1854, Fm!flussnd of considerablo ronl cstate, in this city, loaving May, his wife, and throe chil- dron hig hoirs ; the wife to possesa ona-balf and the childron to share and share alike with tho other half; thon one of the children died, and tho mother Lecame hoir-at-law of her share. Lnter tho widow marriad ona Webor, and the Pproporty of her formor husband was partitionod off to the satiafaction af overybody, the partios omitting to porceivo what Mrs. Wober has latoly discoverad, namoly, that tho prasnrty coming to Lor was partitioned to lior and her husband jointly, which, she now claims, the partition commisgionors had no right to do, tho property coming to hor diractly from hor former husband, and- no ono else having any right toit. Then Henry Webor died, leaving geveral childron, hav- ing mindo a will glving hia wifo alifo-intorastin Lor own estato, Whereforo shoe prays tho Court to declare bor titlo good, and to sot off the proporty duo to hor: DENEWED PROCEEDINGS AGAINAT BIANATL AN WEST. L. M. Batea & Co., of Now Yorl, yestorduy filed & potition in baukruptcy for the adjudi- oation of Bhanghan & Wost, similar proccedings against whom wore reconfly dlsmissed. Thoy olaim as holders of notes nggrogating £4,137.89, of whichjono for $1,875.94, mnde Nov, 20, at threo montha, i8 overduo, Thoy allogo that the dobtors owo $26,000, which they are unable to pn§: and Hiat they aro diuposing of n largoe stock atNo. 11 Bluo Island nvenuo, nt plonsiro, and in fraud of snid act. Tho Court owdered the stoek to bo seized, undor bond of £4,000 for any daemagos that may ensue, and tho usual rulo to show cauo was issuod ; DANKRUPTOY MATTERS. Doninl of bankruptoy was fited in tho matter of Leopold Rohrback. I'ho Asslgnoes of 'Theodoro 0. Spengler and Goorgo R, Btearna wora authorized to pay at~ tornays’ faos, costs, and disbnraomonts, By stipulation, proceedings in tha matter of Burkitt & Sutton were dismissed, objections to bo filed in ton doys, John B. Luco ' was adjudicatod by dofault, war~ raut roturnablo 28th° April, bofore Grant, Rogistor ; and 1. F. Coloman, tho same, roturn- able samo date, boforo Morgan. In Mubn & Beott, o potition was filed by tho Assignoos, yostorday, prasing Joavo to moll Lot | Boction Addition, bolong- ing to tho bankrupts, roprosonted s bolng worth £5,000, such sale to Lo cither publio or privato. Mary A, Heott haa a valid mungnlgu on the lot, and is willing that the lot bo sold froo of lion and said liow wubtructod front tho fands venlizod at such salo, s, Scott is ruled to” show causo why this should not bo done. CIMINAL COURT ITEMS. Martin Zoidnor, & colored citizon, pleaded not guilty of the larceny of a dismond pin, Trank Barthalomew pleadod guilly to five in- dictments of lavcony. Qeo, Vongwell wag found not guilty on n chargo of sfabbing a boy with a Inifa, “"I'ho cago of Darronand Schoen,larcony of jovw- elry, was continued by agreement, the defeudant Dboiug sick in bed. COUNTY COUNT ITEMH, Knud Lolekon was, aftor s trial lasting two howry, tound to bo Inoking suficiont rossoning powers to enable him to couduct his privato aftaiva suocessfally, : Tu tho oatato of 1fonry . Bigolow tho Conrt rantod administration to Bophla and - Honry P, igolow. DBond, §108,000. Tho Ymm‘m of busingsa wns 6o gront In this court thab & numbor of bastardy casos sob for yosterday wero contiued until to-dsy. 5 QENEDAL NOTES, In Taylor v, Pahiman, tho curlons trinl on o note,, roported in Xuntordn‘{'u TmnuNr, the jury yosterday roturncd o verdict, finding thnt"tho ylaiulm‘, Taylor, wroto' the words and figures ipayabla at 53 Woat Lake atroot” on the noto in evidenco, aftor tho dofendants endorsed tho note, without the knowlodgo or authority of tho defendants ; but with the knowledge and au- thority of Olmrlon ‘Walsh, tho maker of the note, Robinson v. tho City was, dvoulurllny, by stipu- Iation, reforred to George Garduer, ns reforeo undor tho statute. . In Warren v, Farwoll. & Curran, tho jury yes- torday found a yordiot, 88,000 damages, sgainst Farwoll, sud a fuding ' In favor of tho dofondant, Curran, Dundas Pratt, o cltizon of Ponnsylvania, yos- torday filod tho restored ajor in_ofectmont sults ngainat John Pratt and John Blalr, in tho United Statos Cirenit Court, and the Court or- derod tho onsou reatored, dwin T, Butlor and othors yosterday com- mencad ault, in sssumpsit, againet Albert and T, P, Bawyor, in assumpait $4,000, in tho United Btatos Circuit Court. Motiou for now irlsl, In the ojcotmont suit, QGoorga chorpmmh:f( v. Jumes McCrondy ot al, in the United Blatea Gireuit Court, in which a jury ln_tnl{ found the foo simplo in tho plaintift, way yosterday overruled; aud tho do- fondants thereupon moved for the appointment of n Commipsioner to sscortain and report on ]thn']vnluo of the improvoments mndo on said aud, QOarrlo Nutt Forsyth, daughtor of the lato Oliazlos B, Yorsyth, yostordny commencod auit, plaintifr | had stonp rnnd{] to progbed with hia worl in good ' in ‘tho 'Bupromo Cpurt, against tho Natlonal Life Insuranco Oonipany, of Chicago, to recovor tlfo nmount duo on n lifo Insurance policy for 84,000 qurml by the Company on tho Lifo of the #nld . Challos, In” favor of” tho plaintif, hin ‘dgughtor, a minor, agod 18, ° Tho lnguranco wan | eftectdd on tho 24th August, 1671, and Forayth dlod on tho 21th Fobruaty, 1872, 'Tha Company, for womo reason or othor, Lns not paid tho amount. .. . .. 5 < Emorotta A, Gihson ot al,, the wifo nnd family of Georgo I, Gibuon, adjudged a lunatio, yostor- day filed n VIl in_ohancory in the Suporlor Court, for tho snlo, by Ira II, Owonn, conaorva~ tor, of cortain ronl 'ontato, vainad nt 30,000, on Weht Mudinon atroot, and olior propotiy. To-dny will ba the last das forvice in tho Buperior Court tor the April torm, nnd Tucsday ‘noxt will bo tho lagt day for filing trinl noticos for tho April torm. : Lloyd . Bowon yostordny commoneced suit in roplovin againat W, 8, Shepard for the' posscs- slon of n safonnd tablo, . P e NEW SUITS, : Trn Ustrep Bratea Omovrr Count,.—Edwin T, Dutler ot_al, v, Albert and F, 1%, Sawyer; asaqmpsit, 4,000, Duudas T, Iratt v, Joln Pratt; restorod pa- Peea it ofectment, Same v, John Bialrs samo, litx; CIcurT COunt.—8,7k—Josoph Tupp v, Fred- orick fagert; nppoal, 0,272—Tolin Morrindcy v. John McMnhon 3 appeal. 0,273—Dridget Sullivan v, John 'f, Mullen; nesumpsit, $1,500, 6,274—J, Charlea Parle Ico v, Fredorlck Beoger et'al, ; apponl, 0,275 —Alaxan- dor McDountd for thio uso of 'Angun Canieron v, R, IT, Andrews ot al.; assumpsit, $5,000, 6,370-—T'atrick Farrollv, Warren Spring;” appeal, 0,217—Woodruft etal, v, Porry ot nl,; appeal, 6,278—Vatrick Bmith v, W, W, Tehardsons ppeal, 6,370—Taunah_ Aldrineh . Jonnio Iray ; oppenl, 6,260-3fcQuiston & Krnft v Tteors & Company ; attachincnt, $4,418,69, 0,281— Tenry O. Morcy and John W, Slowart v, Houry Fix; Dlll, “6,23—Withheld for servico.’ 0,283—Tolman & King v, A, D, Clurke; nssumpeit, $300, 0,284—Applie catlon of Tinéoln I'ark Commissfonors for tho con- fxmaticsn of asecasment oll. Tux Burenion QotnT—i2, GlD—Arpm. 42,820~ Clintles G, Cooloy and Jobn_ 1f, Dwight, partncks, v, Hugh Maher; sesumpalt, $2,025, 42,891—Carrlo Nutt Torayil, by lNox noxt friond Lizzlo If. Forsyth, v. Na- tlonn L covenant to Tnmuranca dompany of Chicago Drolten, 6,000, 43,829—Fannlo v, John Doner; di- vorco on tho ground_af orwolty. | 42,823 —Davla 1. Johnson and Fdgar Jolnnon v, Willinda D, 16kIman ; MnumY,lll, $200, 42,824—Nary Wober v, Honry Webor ot al; bill'to doclaro title, 42,82%5-F, B, and If I, Gardnor and John Bpry v, M. L. Jrennan ond A, G. Nackny; assumpalt, $1,000, 42,820—Catherine v. Ohristish Mathels; bitl for soparalo maintonnnca on ground of cruallg nnd drunkenness, 42,827—Lloyd 1. Bowan v, W. 8, Bloppord; sfiidavit fu roplovin, 42,823—Thomas Tlayes v, Patrick Carahor sasumpsit, $1,000, 42,820—LU T, Hollstor v, Francis W. Kolly; assumpsit, 8500, 42,800—~Geo. J, Castloman v, Lydia E. Oastlonian divorca on gronnd of adultary, 43,831 —Jmmes MeQary v. United States Txpreas Company ; appeal, 42,432—Driggs & McDormil v. Henry Bal oo assumpsit, )} 42,843—Traac Rublle' et al, v, James IT, Ttoach; sppedl, 42,801=Tills Ohieogo mnwlng COompnny v, Fltzgorald' & Jacklin ; afidavit " 43,635—1. W, Diatehford ctal v, E. B, Lincoln; nesumpsit, $1,600, 43,810—Lorenz Ttich v, Jacob Honrich, apposf. 43,837—Obnrics E, Jonkind v, Edwin May ot al. ‘* Fire-proof Bullding Company ;" assumpsit, $1,000. 42,836—Frodoricker v, Gaorge I1, Frolberg ; divorco And alimony on ground of adullory, and petftion for injunction to restraiu sale’ of proporty. 42,839—Jullug Rabinowltz v, L, F, Hus- sandor ; ansumpslt, $500, 42,840_Edward Backus v, Fritz Wontler and Anthon Scimidt ; gisumpslt, $500, 12,841—Androw McNnlly v. Jon. Rold ; anerimpalt, £400. 42,842—G0o, Qhandler, Recelver of tho Lamnr Tupuranca Company, v. lenry A, Townor ; assumpsit, 42,843—Emiorottn Glbson et al; v. Ira H, Owon et'nl. ; potltion for salo of real catate, 42,kdi—Tohn W, Lowell et al, v, Christophor Melz et ol.’; petition for mochunica’ ilcn, 42,845—Lovi 3, Batea ot al. va W. J Manuing ; asoumpait, $2,000. g e s THE PUNISHMENT OF MURDER. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune: Bim: As it seoms to mo o good rule, not to fly into print to oxplain or dofond my pulpit utterances, I will not roply to a communication, alluding to mysolf, in Tnr: TrioNe of to-day, signed * Chivez.” Bat, in view of tho Intevest wlilch tho publle sooms now to tako in tho question of ponalty for murder, I wonld like to say a word. It haa boon noticed that the clorgy vory gon- orally favor tha'infliction of the death-ponalty for tho crimo of murder. I do not think thoy aro loss humane, a8 & class, than their follow- citizons, I should cortainly bo sorry to think g0. ‘But their humanity, in this caso at loast, seoms to bo rather in a just oquipoise. Itfsnot humanity to sympathize with murderors, g0 as to ignoro tho rights of the murdored or of socioty. ‘Phoro is n groat desl of loogo, flabby talk about charity toward the criminal. Of courso, the worat of mon should be humancly troatod, But this to which I refer, whilo taking tho pame of philantlropy, s renlly phil-criminal and phil-vil- Inin, at the oxponso of real phil-anthropy. Plnl- anthropy is love of man, not of a class, Iwould hava overything possible donoto reclaim, tosave, and to restore to moral manhood, whatever hu~ man being falls into crimo; but yet, not at the \m[luut.iflabla oxponssof o demoralized society, [0 donth-ponalty, hitherto, Las proved to bo the only adequato troatment of tho crimo of murder, It ig called o “bloody cods,” ms if thera wero somothing cruel and vindictive in it. Aud thore would be, If it wore inflictod by any individun), or by any organized body of wmon, or by & mob. But it ia inflicted by civil authority and pow-~ or,—by legitimate government,—whose duty it in to protect tho rights of its all citizons, ot morely of & fow. AndY to sllow murdersrs to do their bloody doods, and then feel that their fellowvcitizons old them simply s objocts of charity and sympathy, i8 to unito and oncourage bloody- minded mon to prosecuts thoir infernalism. 1 would sy horo, ag I havo in the pulpit, that, it imprisonmont for life can bo mado o reality, and not o grim farco; if, whon themurderer i8 thus soparated from sooloty, it ia not to bo par- donod out by ensy-going oflcials, nor to excapo by any of » hundrod possible stratngems, thon it will do to_tallc about substituting such jm- prisonmont for hanging ; but not tll thon. But to loava the innoceut and Inw-observing part of {ho community at the morey of unpunishod murdercrs looks to mo altogethor mors liko blual‘lly theory then that of capital punishmont can bo. As to Cain, of courso lio conld not have beon hanged; thera was no one to do it; thero wnsno civil authority. And his mask lias to protect Liim agninst tho very crimo Lo had perpotrated. But lio was punished, and in an unendurablo way, ho gaid. ~ Now, let murdorers of our dny ouly bo sure of some ponalty that shall not soem to thom vory enduvablo and eesy, andthore will Lo Jesa ocension to complain, Omiosco, Morch 26,1878, . D. HELMER, NR-SPACE IN THE COUNTY HOSPITAL. o the Editor of The Chicago 1'ribune: Bin: Fho cublo fock of nir-space allowed for oach pationt in tho County 1ospital lins already beon alluded to by the writer aud othors, in the columns of Tig Tnipoxe. But it scoms thattho matter {hus far has Deon placed in o much moro favorable light than tho facts will warrant. Dr. B, C. Millor, in his rocont and obviously- painstaking report, romarks that #Tho building, by crowding, will accommodato 200 pationts which does not givo more thaw 900 cubic foat of air por patient, whon 9,200 is roquirod.” But evon this estimato, which is loas favornblo than the ono I have alrendy published, doos mnot got at the worst of it Lot us face tho notual facts, without flinching, or trying to suger-cont n disagrecablo dogo. Ttocent and trustworthy measuromonts demonstrate that the wardy mout liberally sup- Fllml with nir have only 860 aubie feot per pa- font ; othors have 706 feot por patiout; one ward hias 728 cublo foet por ynuauz: aud one (the eyo and ear ward) has only 660 feel per pa~ (ient. “'That iy, tho wardu which, by way of com- parison, may bo eallod tho “ boss," have loss than ulf tho air-space doemed nocessnry by tho besb hospital suthorities; whilo the workt wnvd is g0 ntrociously bad that it has less than one-quarter the air-space that it ought lo have. Now, thisis a_voryshamoful piece of buaj~ noss, It ought to mmke ‘overy Oounty Commigelonor blueh down to Lis stock- ingd. If tho Arncld-Stroot Post-Ilouko hiad no othor faults, the ono now brought to pub- lio notice onght to bo sufliclont to condemm it foraver, Your roportor has rccnuufl visited the hospital, and hag tum‘luxslf and honostly ox- posed many of the faults thoraof, but this ono vifal question of air-spaco has thus far escaped criticlsm, Now, lot us have tho sacis in tho cago, Wo have n so-called ! Iospital Committoo," Lut it would soom that this Comumitteo Iy a sort of ornamontal stop-gap, created for tho purpose of concoaling rathor than oxposing tho shiameful condition of tho County Ifospital. If tho Comunittes ro not awaro of tho actital condition of things, thoy are deserving of tho chargo of inoxeusahlo lgnoranco; If thoy are nware of tho faots, thoy aro gullty of inoxeusablo nogligonce. In cilhor enso, tho Committoo richly snorik tho Hovoroat censure, 1 Thore'{s not tho shadow of an oxcuse for buddling sick and woundod Puuplo, liko xo many shoap, iuto foul and ill-ventllated’ wards, Dot- tor by far build rough bavraoks, or eroct touts ovon, on the opon prawrie; the ronulls would bo lnunholy hetter, QIVILIZATION, THE FARMERS' MOVEMENT.. f.'éhe First Farmers Olubs, and i Their - Objeots. The: State Convention at Kewanes, - Oct. 16 and 17, 1872, The First Formal Protest Against Op= ression by Mouopolle‘s.” Tho Stale Convention " at ‘Bloominigton, 1an. 16 and 16, 1873, Organization of o State "Associa< tion---Denuncintion ot Railrond Evils. Wide;;Spmad Orgnnizntio.n of Tooal Bo-. cieticg-~-The Threc-Cont War, A Summary of the Grlcvances Co!n- plained ¢f by tho Farmers,:: Tho moral of thoold fablo of tho bundlo of twigs,—* In union thoroiu strongth,"—ls recolv-. ing & now-applioation from thd farmors of Tili- nois, Thoy are organizing overywhore, and saem dotorminod to find what good thero is in comblnod offort, Tho local agricultural unions, which havao recontly grown into o Btate Assooln- tion with rapidly-strongthioning sflllintions, ’ WAD A BEMTLE BEOINNTNG. | O . Two yenrs ngo, thoro waa not a Farmera® Clb in tho Stato ; now thore aromoro than 500, not counting the * granges,” ' Tho flrst organiza- tion had no anticiphtion 'of tho presont ssues. It was morely o gathoring 'of ‘farmora who desired cortain slight - ndvantagos ‘obtainablo by co- oporation, such ns the purchaso of farming imploments at manufacturots' rates, tho incroase of rural kbowledge, and the softoning of tho asporition and loncsomonoss of country life. TIE FIRST ASSOOIATION, ' 80 far 28 ‘known, wss mnourished into. boing.- by DMr. M. L. ' Dunlap, tho “Rural" of Tue Tninoxe, who resides at Champajgn, Tho socond is bolieved to have ‘beon organized at Avon, in Fulton Countly. Otliera wore subsoquontly formed here and thoro throughout tho Stato. Thobeneflts sought were, in nmessnro, roalized. The profita of middle- men wero groatly roduced, and tho monoy saved wont into tho pockets of tho faimors, whoro it bolonged, Tha msthetio and rural bonefits of co- oporation aro losa suscoptiblo of proof, but they woro donbtless conelderablo, Tho number of clubs, with tho stimulus of theso advantages, novor became groat. In Soptomber, 1872, it was thought that the nggrogate in Illinois did not ronch forty. About this time, shrowder mon among tho farmors bogan to FIND NEW GRIEVANCES, Pricos of farm products hnd fallen to the min- imum, and the profita of rural labor wero in- considerable, While farmers roceived little re- turn for tholr tofl, tho prices paid for articles of nocessary consumption, especislly thoso contaln- ing Imported material, romained unchanged. Although the feeling was deep and strong in the ‘breasts of many iudividuals and communities, it neoded somethiug to give it taugiblo shape and dofinite form. Bomo timo in March or April of 1872, tho Tarmers' Club of Avon suggested to other Clubs, with whom they were in correspondonco, tho ad- visability of holding A CONVENTION OF DELEGATES from aa mnny farmors' clubs of tho Blato aa could bo roached, at such timo aud placo as might bo agroed upon, for tho purpose of com- paring views, discuesing such objects ns intorested thom .as farmers, and inquir- ing - into the couses of, and, if possi- blo,” discover somo romedy for, tho Freuant deprossed condition ot the agrioultural ntorosts of tha Wost. A correspondenco onsucd among mon prominent in tho clubs, in which H. M. Smiith, of Kowanoo; Edward Maynard,” of Bt. Dayid, TFulton County; John McAdams, of Avon; J. Howard, of Smithfleld ; A. M. Gar- land, 'of Springficld, Sccrotary of tho Stato Board of Agriculture; W. T. R. Finnesey, of Kowaneo ; John Prickott, of Lowistown, and others, participated. Mr. Finncssy thnughb that tho movement would place farmers in a “ higher position.” Mr, Garlaud oxpressed tho opinion that tho " idon concorning a unity of offort among farmers’ clubg, ote.,” was “in tho right direction.” Mr. Howard deomed gomothing of tho kind * vory nccossary.” Mr, McAdams do- sired greatly the ' more thorough organization of our farmors.” It wos tho hope of Mr. Maynard | that thoso having the matiorincharge would “net promptly.” Tho club of which Mr. Prichott was nnombor was “ decidedly in Tavor of tho mogs- uro," Many others added portincut and en- cournging words, A fow disnpprovad of the E:urlonlfian. Dut tho notes of divsont were owned in the goneral uvanimity. It was agreed that the convention ghould bo held at Kowanes, 18 a conyoniont and accessiblo point, A FOUMAL 0ALL, omanating from My, 8, M. Smith, was published in tho papors. The ebject of tho meoting was steted to bo “for the purpose of comparing viaws, conaulting togethior ou the heat moans of orgauizing a genoral union of farmora for thoir mutual benofit and protection agaiust tho mon- opolizing tondoncles of tho ago.”” Tho call contnined the following words of Invooation: *Como then, farmors, and Liolp us to make the meeting o Buccess in numbors, intolligenie, aud yenults.” Tho dato fixod was the 16th and 17th of Octobor, 1872. ADOUT FIFTY DELEGATDS ASAEMOLED AT XE- WANEE, ropresenting & largo majority of tho farmors’ clibs then in oxistence. 'Lhoy woro all atrangors to onch other. Their opinions ‘wore immaturoe, tholr wrongs undefined, and they had no plang or romedios devised for {hie futuro. The Con- vention is the Listoric ono of tho farmers’ move- mont, and thorefore morit spucial montion, Tho mumfwmhlp included many mon of local, agri- aultural, aud politioal praminonce. ANONG TIOSE PRESENT wera tho Ion. L. D. Whitiug, of Bureau County, Stato Bonator ; Henry O. Lawrence, brothor of Judgo Lawronco ; and C. C. Buell, not lnug 5o 2 prominont educator, but now s farmer of Jiooh Talls, Whitesido Couty. Sonator Whiting and Mr. Buell were tho two d})rinolpnl oratora of the occasion, Col, A, Woodford, anothor dologate, was ono of the originators of tho grango in Tilinofs, James Bmith, J., an active pnrum.fimut in tho proceodings, i¥ & youug aund woalthy farmor of Madison County. Ar. O. A, Barnay, of Providonco, Bureau Cuunty, in well lknown by bis contributions to the Chicago papors, D. li Goran Ia a largo stock-raiser of Fulton Coun- ty., IL D. Carsou is an oxtensivo stock-grower of Weathorafiold, Ienry County, This riok county was algo roprosontod by Q. O. Bligh, who is #aid to “ feod moro cattlo " than nn{ man -in this part of tho Btato; M. B. Potlor, alarge farmor; C. H, Lioomis, who ** farms 800 acros ;" and G, N. Paliner, s colobrated hedgo-raiuor. Ono of tho most oharacteristio roprosentativos of the county wos B. ML Bmith, of Kownneo, af- torwards choson Bocrotary of thio Stato Associa- tion, and, sinco hia firat introduction to the pub- Tic, an ablo and oloquont advocata of tho eanto. Ar. Bmitl is a gontlomaun of more than o:dinary literary oulturo. Ho wan a friend of Hornce Gmulu{, and gtill oxhibity with rido le bound volumoa .of tho old Vow- Yorker, to which ho was a subscrib- or from the flrat. dhnrauter wag also given to the mooting by tho prosence of such men as Moaers, I(h:fz, of Mundisou; Mclilroy, of Oham- palgn; Saddorls, of Rock ialnm!; aud Prickott and Campboll, of Fulton, Mnny other gontle- mon of equal local prominonce were in attond- anco. All tho dologates wore farmors, The bone, sinew, and braln of tho agioultural population of_tho State were fairly represonted. Lottors woro remi from. Gon. Ito#s, of Avon; A, DL Garland, of Springflold; aud M. L. Dune Iap, of Chinmpaign, who wera unable to bo pros- #ant, but who fu‘l{laympnuuszm with _the euds iu viow, L, D. Whitnoy was choson Presldent; Ool. A, Woodford, Vico-Presidont; sud 8, M, Hmith and L, W, fiaer. Socrotaries. “ : THE GPEROLES woro such a8 might have beon expooted in a oauso uot yeb oloarly ghaped, n‘? where thosg who .mot woro nobt outlraly sympathotio, -hdoanro thoy- woro airangora to tnoli other, Mri Buoll solceted e his thomo the utolleatunl elovatlon of the farinor, which, ho hoped, would bo hdvauceil.by tho_movoment. Tho spooch of “Mr. Whitlny treptod.of tho loglslative branch of {ho question at lssuo; whilo Mr. McElvoy venal- bly nud foreibly advised that farmors " should yinro 1o poina {0 got ont of dobt. Mr. King spoko of tho ganoral ndsantagos of eo-opern- tlons and Mr, Bmith gave au wmatliclle turn to tho debato, whon it scomed llkoly to bocome dry* and unintorosting, The nulunl_blmlfuean of tho maoting consistod in nppointing n Blale Coniral Committeo ; an Ex- ocntiye Gommittoo of throo to flll vacancied in tho Contral Commitioo, aid to call o Btnto Cone vontion ; and tho passago of tha following ¥ BERIES OF REHOLUTIONS,— romarkablo as tho first formal Hmum of tho fprmors ngalnst tho oppresuion undor which thoy laborod ¢ ; dteavlved, That thio agricultursl fnteresta of thia coun~ try ara tho primary noureo of its growth, wonlth, and prosperity 5 aud that the protection and dovelopment Of thoso are ensontiul to thio prospority of evory related industry, and alno of overy athor voeation or buainoss, Hecolted, 'That the imniedinte objocls and purposcn of {lio Uonvention shonld e fo doviea Romo ments, or #yatom of meann, to cheapen thio process of production, and Jensen tho expenao of transportation, Resolved, That the success of co-aperative offort, ny {lnatrated In tho aceumulation of capltal for tho earry. Ing forward of immonso businces enterprie ; in tlo kingimen for the increnso of wagos, 1o hours of labor ; ‘in tho for~ or tho restriction of matlon of rings for coutrolling tha pricd of agricultural or mauufacturod products, for* hulling " or “ bearing” the murkels of overy tind ; in tho thorough and efile clont organizatlon of polltical partles for partisan onde, —ahould teach tho farmer tho lcsson, both of its cflicloncy and ts adaptation {o tho partichlar needs, if applied it teligenco and wisdom, tegolved, Thet ft is tho duty of farmora’ clubs, and almilar orgnuizations, to put’ forth their beat eiforts for extending and mulllfil)’ing tlicso. organizations, until thoy aball compses the dudustrial intorcat of the ontira Weat, Resolted, That this Convention regards with favor tho growtli and prosperity of tho organization called Patrons of Husbandry, aud _sccept the ovidences of ita benofits and efficloney with hopeful expectations of ils . futuro usefulncss, Resolved, Tht he dostruction of Canadn thistles and noxlous weeds {a o inatior of vital importance to tho agricultural interesta of the Wost; und this Convens tion would commond (ho sction of the Legialaturo of- Tllinols in ita offoris to accomplish thin objact. 228 Resolved, That tho strougth or wealnbea of tho Tall- yond' law, 5o called, should bo determined by ita thorongh trial aud onforcement; and this Convention yould demand additional Togialation on tlio subjoct, 1 uired. 5% tesolvcd,: That this Gonvantion appolnt a Stafo Con- tral Committoo of ono, aud & comniitco of ono from ench county, whoso dutica slinll Lo to act as & medium of commuitieation etsveen tho varlous farmers’ organ- {zations, Reaolved, That this Convoution return s voto of thanks to the citlzens of Kewaneo and the Wetheraficld Farmora’ Olub,” for the very gencrous hospitality ox- tondod to tho membors of this Convention; and that eapecial thanks are duo the aforceaid Club for fnaugu- rluag and carrying to &0 successful an issuo this Con~ veontion, . z Jtesolved, That wo approvaof tho law prohibiting porsona from buntiug within tho fuclosures of others ‘without leave; und that wo tondor Loarty thanka to tho author of fho samo. 5 * Resolved, That this Convonlion hcartily approvo of the Jaw ‘In regard to the futroduction of Toxas and Cherokeo cattlo into tho Blate, and urgo its xigid en- forcement, = Resolved, That this Convontion appoint an Execu- tive Committoo of three, whoao duty it shall bo to fill any vacanciea which inay occur in "tho Btate Cenfral Commilieo, and to call tho next Stato Convention of Olubs, and, in gonaral, to carry out tho apirit of the resolutions of this Gonvention, e Tho Exccutive Committes cosisted of Will- inm J, Barr, Jobn Brickett, aud L. T, Rosr. In- compifanco’ with tbo duty assigned thom, this 'Cm::lmmuu, on tho 28th of Decombor, 1872, is- sued o CALL YOR A BTATE CONVESTION, to bo hold at Bloomington o tha 15th and 16th :!snyn nl’LJnnnnry, 1875; of which the following apart: FARMERS' CONVENTION, 4 “ Equal and ezact justiee (o all; special privficges fo ‘on, ? Tho undersigned, ths Executive Commitico ap- polnted by the Convontion.of delegates from farmers’ clubg, held at Kowango, Oct. 10 nd 17, 1672, in pursus snco of tho duties assigned them, do Leroby invite each farmers’ club, grauge, or oflor ‘agrieultural, hortioul- tural, or induntrial auiaciation of tlio Slato of 1llinols, to send delegates for overy thirty-three members, an fraction in oxcess of thnt number (Provided, That avory organjzation shall bo ontitled to at least.ons deleiatay, to an Mlinoly Barmora” Htato Convention, to Lo lield {n fo City of Bloomington, Wednesdsy and Thureday, Jan, 16 aud 16, 1873, conunencing ot g, m. on Wednesdny, with thireaacsslons each day (at 9 oy 2, m., oud 7 1, n.), “Tho, purpoae of said Convention Is to perfoct tho or- gonizution nndo ut Kewaneo, by the formation of & Btato Favnors® Association from eafd dologates, ndop- tion of a constitution, aud for socuring tho crganiza~ tlon nnd ropresentation of sasociations in overy coun- ty, and, if possible, in avery township, of the Biate; discuss_aud insint upon rform in mfl\hlf,-mxmnor a. tlon, tho malo of agricultural fmplewcnts, tho slo of farm-producla by commission merchauts, aud such othior ubuses ot havo grovmup. in our midst, and aro now taxing sud impoverishitig producers and cone stimers ; aud fo transuct such othier business s may Do brougght bofose the Conyentian, An ordor of businesa was nlso arranged, whioh included addresses from tho Hon. L. D. Whit- ing, J. B. Porterfleld, Emfl., tho Hon, M. L, Dun-~ Inp, the Ton. W. O, Iagg, I O. Lawronce, Euq., tho Hon, J, H. Rowell, Prof. J, B, 'luruor, Dr. J. M. Grogory, aud Dr. N. Batoman, TIIE QONVENTION WAS HELD AT DLOOMINGTON on tho days namod, Who attondance was largo and of good charactor, all portions of the Btate being ropresonted by substantisl yoomen. Tho proceedings wore fully reported in tho nowspn- Enrs abtho timefand only neod such montion. ore as will subservo tho goneral purposes of this article. Tho gentlomon from whom address- o8 wora oxpocted wero not all presont, but other sponlcors supplied tho places of tho absenteoy,— among whom _wero the Ifon. R. M. Bonjamin, ' Col. Kiohard P. Morgan, and tho on. Jamos Shaw, Tho mokt fmportant nction of tito body is represouted in tho followiug urticles, reportod by the Committeo on BTATI: OROANIZATION, of which 8. T. K. Primo, of Poutiac, was Scero- tary: E ARTICLE 1, This organization chall bo lmown os tho Tllinofs Stato Farmera’ Ansocintion. 2 /. Anz; 3, Its object simli bo.tho promotion of th moral, intelleatual, social, sud pecuniary welaro of tha farwmera of INinofa, AR, 8, 1ts members ehall conslst of delegates from tho various farmors’ clubs, granges, and gricultnral and horticultural socletics of thio State, each of which shall ba entitled fo at least one delogato, and, whora tho numbor'of its members oxceeds 60, to ono delegato for evory 100 membera or:fraction exceeding half that number, Tho nfombors of-the Stato Hoard of Agricul- turo shll Lo ox-ofiicio membors of thls Ausoctation ; cad, from countles or putts of countles in which oluba, granges, oF othor agricultural or hortleultural socletics Ziro nut brganized, poraons not delegates may bo ade mmitted by vote of this Assoctution, All uembors slmll Doy an aiual feo of 1, Aur, 4, Its officeru shiell_conelet of o President, a Vice-Tresidont from each Congressionsl District of ‘tho State, to be nominnted by tho_dolegates thorafrom; a Becretary and Treasuver 3 and thioso opicers shall con stituto tho State Central Committoo of this organiza- tion, with power to appointun Executive Conuitteo of thred from its mombers ; also, of a Gounty Conunittca of auo from each county fu this Stato, to be nominatod Ly tho delegatos, Suid oficers shiail bo olocted annual- 1y, and 6orvo for ona year, until {holr auceessors ovo Gléctod, . This organizution shall meet nununlly, ot such tino and placo as the Amsoclation, or, in cass of ita failura to designate, the State Contral Comuuitics, may determine, Bpeclal meetings may booatled by the Exocutive Committee. THE FOLLOWING OFFIOERS of tho Btate Assoointion woro duiy oleoted : . 8 PRESIDRNT. W. O. Flagg, Mora, Madlson County, VIOE-PRESIDINTS. mezrm. ‘A, 11, Dalton, Dalton, Cuok County. Worthingfon, Ohicago, Cook. 8, Chwrel, Byrrington, Goa. 4 . Ttichardls, Woutlstock, MelTonry, 6. D. W. Damo, Lanark, Qarroll, 6. Oapt. Rufus Ford, Luda, Buroau, 7. W, It Conkiin, Morrls, Grndy, 8, W. Calan, Pontlae, Livingston, L. 1%, Rosw, Avon, Fulton, , Luwrence, Prairfo City, AMeDonough, Buttorworth, Quiney, Aduns, njauin Dorublaster, Assumption, Chirkstlan, 13, John Brown, Narinol, MoLean, 14, 1. P, Portertield, Bydhey, Chatipaign, 16. Jamos Wright, ===, Sliolby, 16. M, M, Hooten, Contralls, 17, Jumcs Bmith, Jr., Moro, Madizon, 18, John M, Fertis, Annn, Union, 19, Richard Richurdson, Ewlug, Frauklln, BECHETARY. 8. M. Bmith, Kowauco, Henry, S TREASUREIL Duncan McEay, kount Curroli, Carrall, RESOLUTIONS WERE ADOPTED psking that tho laws rnglxlutlng Ltaflway and Waroliouso Commissions bo amendod and en- forcod ; roquosting Congress to onact Ruch laws a3 should provent unjust diserimination in frolghts; inn}atmg upon tho onforcomant of tho laws rogulating freight and passenger transpor- tation in Illinois ; declaving clmu[: transportation ) to be of vital intoront to tho West, and oxcossive ratos shoor robbery; rocommonding volora to uso the ballot-box ak & solution of tho ovils suf- forod by farmors; approving tho docision of Judge Tiptou in tho MoLoan County case; rec- ommonding that tho accoptance of frco passes’ by Logislutora bo rogarded s a misdomonnor; uXvncnuu tido-water communication for the chain of Great Lakesy and ndvisiug the forma- tion of farmors' clubs in all localitios ; that no rioultural implamenis bo hought of persone who'had “entered into n nnnsylu .\£ not to sell to farmers' nssociations;” and that the Logislature immodintely pasa o bill fixing maxium ratos of froights, Ttesolutions advocating tho building of great through frolght line from Licoln, Nab., to tho sea-boatd, wore reforred to an appropriate committeo. & “Lho Couvontion adjourned, Bhortly attor the adjowrnment of the Qonyen- clngs tlon, Mr, 8. M. 8mith, tho Secrotary of tho Btate Asaoclation, Issuad i . TOE FOLLOWING CIRCULAR$ ! 4o Tllinold Blate Farmora' Qonventlon, hetd at Dloomington. on tho 15th and 16tk § comploter] tho formation of # Stato Farmora® Asaoclalion, providing for ths organization of avory county and {ownsbip in iha italo into farmers’ clubw, graunes, or ottior agricul- tural aooloties, with proper offieets, throngh whom ovory furmor {n tiio Sato can bo rouchiod, wiion it o comas nucowmary, by concentration of our atrength, to protect ourwolves ngalust tho Increasing ngrroaslons upon our rights of rallroads and othior corporations. Our pitenat whil by incomplolo without tho co-opern- o of oflier Btalow eapeclally of tho Norlhseat, Wo thorofare, sarnestly invila correspondonco from tho difToront Bintas, with a viow to tholt fmmedintely Talding conventions and forming sssocintions aimitar 10 ours, that, whilo thoir Teglolaturen aro in scesion, {lioy may call for necossury legialntion in reforming abuses, and regulating, by proper Inws, tho ates of fnvo nud frolght upon tho rallronds of thete respoativo A The advantagos to bo dorived from joint ne- tion hecamo at onco apparent to overy ono. Monsures wore at onco taken for i TIE ORGANIZATION OF CLUDY in overy tommhl){ couuty, nnd congrossional district,—tho smallor olubs to linvo closo aNilin- tion with the common hoadl, Iach Iargor organi~ zatlon was to bo made up of & cortain_porcont- nqa of tho membors ‘of organizations bolow it. Tho first diutrict organization was formod in tho I“m‘h Congrossional District, with headquarters at Frooport. Tho Bixteonth Diatriot was tho socond to move, Othora followed in too groat numbors to ndmit of enumeration, Tho meot~ ings wero at first scattering, butincronsod in fro- quoncy, until they beenmo of moro thau daily oceurronco. OBUANIZEDS AND ORATORS. W. 0. Flagg, Presidont of tho Btato Assocln- tlou, ongagad actively in the worlk of orgnniza- tion, afinnkiug wherovor ho was able to Lo pros- ont. D. M. Ilorten, Vico Prosident from tho Bixteonth District, Eruvmi an officient orator, aud eided the work in the southern part of the Btato, Carroll County sont Into the field -D. W. Dano, ono of its. most persussive spoakers. ' O. O, Buoll, of Whitoslde, continued tho lnbor so woll bogun at Kowaneo. Whitosido County yas . fur- ther roprosented by J. A. Patterson, n gontlo- man of culturo and eloquence. Other gentlomon ‘who biave been prominont a8 speskora and or- ganizors aro J. IT, Rowell, logal reprosontative’ of tho pooplo in - tho MeLean Couuty enso; tho Hon. Thomas ‘A. Judd, of Kane, onco » mombor of tho Logislaturo; Amos Bav- age, ‘Nopresontative from Kanknkeo; the Hon. A..J. Grover; James Craod, of Marion; W. H. Eonls, of Decatvr; W. Colonand 8. T. K. Prime, of Pontiac; Sidney. L, Morghn, of Pone ting, brothor of the late Railroad Commissionor; J. B, Funk, of Livingston, one of tho largest farmors in tho Stato; 1. Rlcheson, of Frankiin, in tho ‘Ninofoonth Qongrossional Didtrict; B. Dornblazor, of the Twelfth Congronsional Dis- ; and J. B, Porterfleld, of Siduey, Obam- paign County. Most of these gentlomen con- tincd their exortions to tho vicinity of their own homas, although a fow, among whom was Mr. ‘Flagg, woro orators aud organizors at largo. John 11, By ant, of Princoton, brother of Will~ inm Cullon Bryant, tho poot, Tont all his onorgies to tho causo, speaking occaslonally whora: sich sorvico ywaa nooded, All farmers of the Btato, in any way notable for waenlth, intelligence, or motal worth, seemed moved by one impuleo to worl for tho common causo, 'Tho masgos moved 28 ono man toward tho samo end. |, The feeling of oppoaition to_monopolies was not confined to sgrioulturists, Businoss sud professional men in all villagos and towns of tho Btato shared in it. No causo hina over been advocated by any sot or clagg of mon Wwith greator unanimity of foel- iu‘.; or parsistency of purposo. ‘Tho question of freighta was ono that could only bo remotely roached by the courts, , THE DATE GHARGED PER MILE FOR PABSAGE resented & more taugiblo poiut of attack. Tho Ee iulatuie had fixod tho maximum at 8 cents a mile, and the poople in certain tocalitios resolyod to pay no mora.. Tyavoling ot this price thoy callod 2w {4 RIDING "ACCORDING TO LAW." The subjact cam? up for discussion at Dloom- ington, but tho Convention took no ofticial action on it. A fow mombers assorted their right to rido according to logislativo ‘onnctmont in roturning to thoir homes from Bloomington, and wore not ejestod from tho trains. Lor n timo.tho feoling of tho people toward tho roads taal only this form of apposition, Tho centren of oporation were in McLoan, Livingston, Chim- algn, Marion, Johmeon, and Burozu Countios. E‘ho plan ‘adopted was to travel in parties so largo that Lh‘nly could not be ojocted by any forco at the immodiato command of tha conductors, Individualg occasionally tried to ““rido sccord- ing to law," Lut gonnnfllg received summary trentmont, and woro obliged to yield.. A partyof forty-two farmors, who rode to n convention-at Pringcoton .from tmmes. weab, *according ta faw,” aitompting to re:tirn in tho samo. logal meuner, were brought faco to faco with fifty stalwart railroad employos, and Dr. Stotson, of Nopouset, “caved,” paying tha differenco’ be- twoon tho logialative rats snd the momopoly rato into tho handa of the conductor. Narra- tions of these ocourronces furnished livoly read- ing for the nowspapers at tho lime. 'he attack upon this wonk point of the onemy's dofonses hns consed for the presont, . ONLY TO DE RENEWED by the combined ni;riunlmrul forges of the Stato, unless the Legislaturo speodily find s remedy for tho allogod grievances. In tho loculitioH whoro tho 8. cent war was most hotly waged, cluba grow and nultipliod, moro rpidiy perlinps than suywhere else, excopt in Fulton County, to which tho orodit of originating tho farmers' movement is principally due. ¥ TIE GIIEYANCE OF THE FADMERS, a8 oxpreased {n many Ways nb the various meot~ ings, may be briofly expressed es follows : ‘Itio farmers of Illinois complain : That they are ospocially st the mercy of mo- nopolists ;. , : “Ihnt, while the prico of farm-products fa ro- duced to tho minimum, the prices of all cysen- tial articles of consumption romain the same ; “Mhat they vy for farm-machinory, through tho intorvontion of middlemon, 200 or 800 por cont mora than is just and reasonablo; That “the' railroads refuso to moyoe farm-. producty, oxcopt at oxorbitant rates of car- ringo; . "Bt {ho railroads discriminate injustly in the trousfor of freighits, us regards localitioy; That tho railroads rofuso to acknowledgo tho - right of the Logislature to rogulato froight and pussenger tariff; ; : That the Legislature doclines to enforee its own.Inws ; & % ‘That mombors of Congross arg too bpsily oc- cupied with schomes of persousl again'and ag- grandizemont to beod the cry of tho peoplo ; Phat o romedy for thoio illsthrough the courts is romoto in point of time, and scemingly im- porsiblo in fact ; 3 I'hat’ o proteotivo teriff is unjust and fu- urious ; P 5 T'hint the railroad companios have doprived the peoplo of -all propriotorship in tho railroads, {:h_ifilh the peoplo paid Inrge sums of mionoy to uild s . 4 "Dhat tho courts buse thoir docisionn in respoct to railrond cases on tho doctrine of *vested rights,” which tho farmors believe to be an ar- rant humbug, R g g EVADING THE REVENUE LAWS. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune ¢ _ Bm: What splrit which prompts mon to take fmduo advantago of thoir noighbors, snd to evada tho taxos imposed by Govornment, is com- mon ‘‘to all trados but ours,” Bo say the high- minded and roputable moreaptile, irms. Wo aro told that it is the part of the two-penco hn' pouny doaler to smugglo, and ondeavor to ontor hin importation at the custom-house on involcos which contain undervaluations. It is for him to austatu his stook of merchandiso by taking nd- vantago of thoe parcol-post,—not for the flrat- morchant who makos largo importations and has n roputation nt atake. For tho purpose of watchiug theso minnows fhat sport abo1t here and thoro, plying thir ii- llcit trade, nnd to detect and prosecuto thom, an army of Spocial Inapoctors, Dotectives, au T'rossury Agentd is mainlainod by the Govern- mont; whilo tho whales avo pllowad to meandor at plenanro in the grost commercial ocoan, with- out even s, guspicious oyo upon thom, The Tnelpses aud lgudgou Tuminarles of commor- cial intogrity and Evangolieal Ohristianity, arrive at the fiflllld objoot of *tho hnport.i.u;i publie” by the aid of obarts which poin out all d{u erous rocks in the channol, andin the ond, aftor a #afo voyage, undisturbed by pirates, or any one to molost and mals thom n{mld, run into tho harbor of Compromiae, with & hold full of gpoils, Otlier branchos of * industry,” howover, have othar, it uot safer, ways by which they desire to circumvont tho Troasury Dopartmont, sud ro- duce taxutlnn—b{ ovading tha laws,. The mauufacture of ailk ribbons, and their iniporta- tion into this country, Is onormous. Whon eilk' ribbons wore taxod at tho rato of 40 “per contun ad valoram, which wes prior to 1804, thoy woro made wholly of sllk, as ove ono Who buya thom supposcs them to boj buf, sinco that tinlo, the ribbon men havo learnod & trick, about which thoy say ' thore aro no wired 1" A elnglo cotton thread has boon. Intro- ducod into the ndFu of the ribbon, aud is callod & gord-odgo. This wasfound to bo *nacessary,” bocause Uongrons, by tho act of Juno 80, 1804, levied a duty of 00 por cont on **all dross aud ploco sllke, r{blons, eoto, of which allk is thio component of chiof value,” This ) waa Introduced, 1t In but fair to sy, by afi:;"f-':’:‘n'i? érn manufacturors, haviuy h\cmrfun in ¥ranca and Bwitzerlind, Dy thig intorjection, tho Qlaimod thab tho nrticla wes ohanged frot nille ritban to * n manufuclure of sfilc and cotton," dutiabla at o lowor rato. Tha maflar wis llrm!‘d‘(!l advereely o this construction by the Treaaury Departmout, and tho question wont to tho courts, whero tha ' views of the mant- facturory troro wuntatned, ie Troasury ofilclals wora {ndiead fo take the maltor in hand “ for futurd considoration,” whoro it hng remainod for nino ears, with o prospect of xopowluy In tho Boorotary's pigoon-holes for somo time to como. Attor the decinfon hy tho conrls, the Imporlera began to filo tholr appeals, and thin Ting beon kot up to Lho prosont timo, aud mnonnta to no small imatior, considoring tho “wt that (lioro ara milljons of dollars’ worth of wueso ribbous ime yo,r‘tcd overy - ear, . Lo Becratary of the Tronmury Ins thus far beon uuable ‘to discovor anything elso in tho domnnd- then a plain cng.mvnr lo ;‘l‘i“»‘}xo t|ihn oln\?, Enq na failure to nccom- ho oudn desired ; heca with rogard {o tho e yaluo uud the provisioms of the Jaw 1gros oxact g’.q:flun‘:‘:';nl(l; ng {'Ioom fr;r doubt; and oflicors of v beon GOI{mr{iuuL. 1 orderod to asuoss the duty at 1 Another trick of tho trado haa Itgelf, about which Westorn ]mpnrtorfi‘:;‘:r:;gg- What crodulous, and thoy nro vather disporod to think thoro nro somo “‘wirea™ romewhoro, Our ~ Chicngo fmportors in he ribbon :l;udu are fur{nmnbn rivals of n mon, ond tho Inttor, b Ia o lave imported lm'ia amounts of rihlvlgxrngufl values much holow the prices which -our import- ©ore aro able Lo obtain sbrond. Tt is claimed that the snmo ribbony for which Western mon nrn charged 4 francs 10 contimes por yard, ara int, Yoieed ‘Iiv Now York at 3 francs_ 60 contimes,— thus rondoring it nocossary for Wontern dealora £o noll at a loss in ordor to compoto with Eastorn ho%nnfl., 1 1o whales aro not satisfled with drowning tha littlo fish, but thoir {mvu aro openod wide to awnllow thofr own kind, nnd trickery nppears to Lo in the nscondant, DIr, Bocolier toho contrary nolyithstanding, $ * IMPORTER. ———— A JERSEYMAN TO THE RESCUE. To the Editor of The Chicugo Tribune : Biu: Inan articloin to-day's ‘I'ninUNE, rolat- {ug to tho finhory~war between Dalasaro end New Joraoy, I notico the following: * As Now Jorsop commenced tho quarrel, she Las had but littla sympathy; and, ng tho fncts havo beon on tha Bi{ln of Dolawaro, the Btato is to bo congratulat~ ed_upon: tho prospeots of rogeining b E and hor slind.” Now Jorsoy mn%vug hnull'xr‘[‘s XI::- loyal ™ dlu‘lni; tho War, muy bo a * forelgn couns try" mow, n Jaud of oranbérios and swoet pota~. tatoos, nnd flowing with cidor and applo-hisky 5 but sfill, in this cano, “/tho facts ™ havo hoon gn hor aido, nnd not, ne you hnvestated, on tha &ido of Dalawaro, Tho Inttor State claims tho right sud title to all that portion of the Doln- waro. Bivor_lylng Letweon hor shoros and the ghoren of Now Jorsey, and nlso an uucortain number of square mileg of lend sdjncent to the rivar on tho Jorsoy sido,—nnd nll this by virtuo ofa ¢ grnnz " from somo mythical poraonnge of tho middloages, Notwithetanding thia *claim,” tho forolgn subjects of the good littlo Btata pay their nonual taxos to the Commonwonlth of }Fmt Jorsay, and {ho memory of man ruuneih not tar lhx coxtxh-nt B a 5 to the improprioty of tho pooplo of on Stnto fshing upon tho shoros of tlflx D{‘hfll‘, thor: oo bo no two oiuu!uua; but tho quarrel reforrod to was in this wiso : Somo Jorsoymen wore ooo day flehing but & ehort distanco Trom shoro, in thoir own watorn, whona Enrty of armod mon— Inaw-abiding citizona_of Delawarc—Dbore down upon thom. -Tho Jovsoymoen mado some ros siutanco, 88 ,wa3 right and propor, but wera finally ovu{‘powerud and cnrriod off to what G. I U wonldesll o “Bastilo. Now, who can blamo tho frionds and neighbors of tho prison— ers if they took advantage of tho first favorable opportunity aud gave thd Dolaware fllibustora & Rolaud for thoir Olivor ? Now Jorsoy bogan tho quarrol with Dolawaro, juat us tho North began tho war with the South at Fort Sumtor, by et ing on tho_dofonsive. JERSEYMAN, Ouaado, March 25, 1673, R — e Senator Castlo on ¢ IZoversing the Sue prome Courts?? Tae Cuicaco TninuNe of tho 224 inst, has taken for n toxt & sentence in a letter weitton by mo when it was first rumored that tho Bupromn Court had roverzod tho decikion in the MeLean Qonnty railroad case,—and hefora the points wutls in that decision woro made publio,—whick sontenco was to tho effect_thnt the * peoplo might hove to continue to fizht until thoy ¢ re~ eraed the Supreme Cowrt. Hhin ‘Tar: Trinyne decms * subvorsion of law, and would lead to anarchy in socicty” .and “‘chaos in govorn- ment.” Now, I bolieve that Judges of all courts aro tinman in thelr knowledge and opinions ; that thoir decisions aro swayod by their education, projudicos, linbits of lifo and thought, and asgo- cintions ; that, whila thoy aro honoably acting, thoy may bo imporceptibly biased ; and that tho timo mny como whon, to prescrve the Govern- ment and keop in nccord with the progrossion of the age, it may bo necossazy to ““rovorse n court.” This opinion mey bo “rovolutionary.” In our Government thore nrs exircme cles ments. On ono oxtromo, wo find the people, tha sourco of pawor, naturally “‘revolutionary,” pro= osifvo in thelr nime, and at war with precos onts. Aud from them go up every greab re- form, At the other extromo, wo flud the courts, cousarvativa in act, and ever looking back for rocodants by which to square tho prorent. And [’hoso extrenica couduco to the public weal. But ocensionally tho peoplo press onward to the de= velopmont of an iden, while the courts block tha way with their projudices arrayed againa inno< vatfon, whon wo may rost assurod thio courly will eventually bo “rovaraed.” Nor is this anow idon, - In onr Btate, in 1839, Qov. Curlin appointed Joln'A, MgOlornand Becrotary of Stato. Tho Sonata docided thers wis no ¥acanoy, theroby Xeoping-A. P, Tiold in that ofico. McClornand suod for the oflica hoforo Judge Bracse and won, when tho cuso was earriod to the Suprame Court and revorsad. 'Thon, under tho lond of Stophen A. Dougles, it was made n party -fllnestion, and ilio Buprotme Court was * roverued ditlon of five Judges, and Douglas ono of the namber, Not many yenrs since, tho same ocenrred with tho Bupromo Court of the United States, when the nluuiun given by Judgoe Tanoy in rogard to tho Lugitivo Slave Inw was roversed by tho ap~ pointmont of Judges known to liold different opinions. And rocently, if I mistako not, wo huve scen ' decision of that conrt “roversed’ on tho guestion of tho constitutionality of logal« tendors, by placing new men on the beneh. No loss thau Tur Tniuss do I bolieve in ielding full obodiouco to law ; but, whon that {uw zoos counter to good senge or public intor- est, I boliove in roversing tho lnw. With the do-~ clofon of tho Supremo Court i tat MoLoan County cnso the people aro contont, ns am I, but thero 1s still o distrust on the parg of ‘thoe people a8 to whother similar failings might not bo found in nny law ouacted,—ns to whother it ig possible to cunet any regulatious of railways which this Court would deemn conrtitutionnl and without flaw. Insucl ovont the pooplo would prefur a & Bupremo Judgoe whoso construction of tho law ia the enmo as Judgo Tipton’s. I may mob have sufliciont reveronco for tho dictum “of & court. I baoliove thera are nono of this earth unawayed'by tho passions and proju- dicoa incidont to other men ; thoy may be honost, Dbut mistalon; oud such & thing aa dishonesty has_not been unknown in the history of jurise prudenco. Yot our Supromo Court’ stand do sorvedly high both for iutegrity and ability, and, whilo dofending my opiuious, I shanld regrot to Vo undorstood ny umnml.lnF a distrugt of tho eminent Judgos of that Bonch. Their decistons aro beforoe the poople, and must Lo judged upon tholr morits, and evory Amorican citizon has un= gngbtud right to judgo these Bupromo Courd udgos. £ 2 Now o word upon tho gonoral quostion, Tha Emn question to bo decldod is,whathor the State a8 partod with ite sovorcignty, whother raile way8 are suporior to the Btato, or their will sus perior to Iaw, and, when it ia sottled, the oxolte- mont will subside. As tho caso now stauds,. the Gonoral Asgombly ounctod & law making cortain raten for cortalu railwoys, Thoso ronds say it ia not for thoir intorest to oboy this law, 8o the; will dlaobu{ until tho courts pasa u’!mn it, and, Diaving an Intorest of nearly 250,000,000, thoy arg onnblad to.thus ovorride tho law. Now, tho privato citlzon, under tho samo cire coumstances, would, in his povorty and lnck of in< flucnce, of nocessity have oboyed tho law until it was doolded unconstitytional, What the peos [uomnt, and must have, is, that the corporas lons stand boforo tho law on tho samo footing ng tho oitizon. 1f o law {o roquiro obae dlonce must bo decided by tho Suproma Court, lat be £o undoratood ~for tho -pooplo 83 well ns tho corporations, and thua virtually give the law-mnking powor into tho handa of the courta. Or, if -the pooplo must oboy tho law untll b §s doolded against, make corporations do tho samo, and this contoest must coutinue until this qneflt‘lon in nettled by all corporations ylolding the ssma obedionce to Stato enactments aa in required of tho citizen. Whon that ia accomplivhed, the regulating of unjust disoriminations will bo com= parativoly easy, and must follow in justico to the Poople, . A, B, Oastim, :compotiont nintorlal of ohiof, * by the ad- * tho East~ * .