Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 26, 1873, Page 2

MORMONDOM. The-Honey 'Ra_é, or Deseret--- Efforts to Become a - « . State. .- 4 | Lake Thnpanugésg--Southem Ttah ~--Mountain-Storms---Ap- * proaching Spring, The March Across the Plalns-'--Yebars of Trial---Provisional Govern- ment. Mincs---Railronds---Southern sti- vor Bites«--Mormon Laws. TFrom Our Own Correspondent, Usair, March 18, 1873, Thoe Torritory of Utal {8 called Ly the Mor- mons, [ DEGERET. 5 < Tho rosson for this {s found in the firat chap- tor, third vorso, of ** Ether,” in the *‘ Book ofe| Mormon,” in tho following words: * And thoy did carry with them Dosoret, which, by interpre- tation, {8 honoy-boo; and thus they did oarry with thom swarms of bees, and all manner of that which wasupon tho faco of the land, seods of ovory kind." Tho boo-Live 18 tho favorito sym- Dol of the Lattor-Day Saints; and tho honoy- boo, thoy think, Is typical of tho industry of s Mormon community. - At all evonts, tho convon= tionnl boe-hivo is o common emblom, and is as unliko anything in the shapa of & beo-hive used in this country ns can woll be, On many of the sigus this emblom is paiuted, and the word Deserot looms up on all gides,—on banks, stores, dwellings, newspapers, dining-rooms, and orack- oer-factories. On many differont ocensions, there have boon fforts mado to got Dosoret admitted-into the Union as a Btate ; but it is plain to everybody fhat this would indood bo overdoing the thing. Dur Mormon brothron, ag it is, stick to us as closo as wax, and, it they woro admitted into the Unlon, and hed full charge of a Btato, thoro is no telling how neighborly they wonld soon be- rome. Men's wivos would be carried nway by thiom, liko mist boforo tho morning sun, and BHOTHER BRIGHASC g would bo more popular than ever. Thora is no ond to the curiosity which ho excitos in the fominine breast, aud scores of ungainly Saint- oegos follow him about, with their bods on their backs, Inall respocts, Brigham isas “ swoet- scontod a huclklobeiy ™ s could be scen inn summor's doy. Ho is so innocent that ho ro- minds mo of that pink of propriety, Slendor, in * Tho Moiry Wives of Windsor.” Blonder says to Sweot Anno Pago: ) ' “You nro afrald if you eeo & boar loose, are you not 77 Z #iAvo, indoed, sir." #Thavs meat and drink to me now, - T havascen Backercon looeo twonty tmes, and Lavo taken him by thg chafu; but, T warrant you, the women have so criod and shricked ot It, that it paseed,' But women, indeed, cnmot abido ‘em; thoy sro vory ill-favored, rough {hings," B k ‘This speoch is 8o innocent, it would almost do for Brigham himsolf, and his attitude would bo' almost a8 gracoful as that of Slondor when woo- ing Bwaot Anno. y Binco sooing the Mormons, I am convincod that the fomale form can bo put together with as littlo graco as thora is in an old-fashioned hnnd- loom. % TOE GNEAT SALT TAKE, or Lake Timpanngos, has been known to the Mexicans for ovor 200 years. It ia clnimoed that it was ciroumnavigated, about forty yoars ago, by a party sont ont by tho Rocky Mountain Fur Company for that purposo; but-thiais axtromely doubtful, as the men who gaid they had circum- navigated it roported that nofreshi-wator stroams emptiod intoit. We know this ia falso, a8 Boar, ‘Waber, and Jordan Rivers pour their wators into it, besidos savernl smaller- streams. Fromont_ sniled upon it, and gave the firat corroct account of it. Hoyus followed, yonrs aftorwards, by s party under Capt. Howard Stansbury, who'com- mandod an expedition which thoronghly explored it, in 1850-"61, 'Thoro aro soven xncuz islands in the lake, whioh iy 80 miles long and 40 wide, and It is quile n curiosity to strangers. In old times, the Iudians had o great many superstitions con- nectod with it, aud it was supposed_to bethe bomo of & great Manitou, or ah~i§ml, called by tho Shoslonios, Poyab-hapah. ~ But this super- atition in connection with lakesis a vory com- mon ono anmong nll the Indion tribes, and amounts to but little, ‘ UTAT LARE sontains froeh wator, and tho River Joidan con- nects it with 8alt Lake. Down in this direction, tho Territory is boing oponed and improved, and thero are soveral fino towns andvillages, ovon s far south as St. Georgo, which is in the south- wostorn cornor of Utsh. It is noodless to say that the Mormons luve everything their own way,and their odious religion leaves a blight on ‘and tuoe whole country. + 8T. SEORAE . I8 & short distanco from the Rio Virgin, which ia u tributary of the Colorado. From this place to Lou Angolos, in California, tliero is n good rond, With many cottlomouts scattored slong. Hero, too, thore aro some fino orchards, and tho cli- mafo i delightful. This nppoars to bo thowin- tering-place of tho Mormons who have bocome old and feeblo, and who necd rocuperation. Thoy scom dolighted whilo Lolding their rolig- fous mootings in the littlo hamlots of the mte- rior, aud feel gratoful if uny high church-digni- Lurx(g!vua thom a call. Whon some knotty point of Mormon theology Is boing unravoled, thoy lis- ten: with rapt nttontion, and Lave a knuwlnfi look that would do crodit toa lot of sund-hil orangs assemblod togother in counell, ‘Tho moat of theso eldors soem to hinve reachod tho ago of the Viceroy in La Perichole,” when, nccording to that high authority, ‘it is enslor to commit n Lllolly than to piorce the bull botweon tho shoul- ora. THE BTORMS IN THL MOUNTAINS of Utah aro somothing awful. ItmayLe a clear, . sunshiny morning, wheu, all at once, tho snow- atorm soems to bronk in the air,,and it is impossiblo to ‘soe more thau ton stops. ‘Il ioy articlos cub liko kuives when thoy striko the ace, B0 that noither man nor heant can faco the blast. Tt Llows all day in this way, and some- Limo all night. The stronma are driftod full of snow, and the cold wenthor fraezes up nearly all of tho water. A moro dismal and disagreon- ble, not to say dangorous sceno, it is 1mponsible to find anywhore. Not unfraquontly men nro frozen to doath in thoup storms, and thoir re- mains are found when gpring_ opons, tho flesh, having been eaton off the bones by the wolves and rayens,, No house can bo mado sufliciontly tight to prevont tho snow from driving in through cracke and crannies, and froquently the plastor- ing overhond is covered with n thick coating of suow, which soon makes its presence known whon tho room bocomos warm, and small yills commonco running down from the ceil- fog. * A man considors himsolf fortunate if tho whole plastoring does not como down in s solid mags, Elsewhoro, snow-slorma come down ensily, aud tho snow falls lightly; hut hore it comos as if it had beon shot out of a gun, with noigo enough to rousa the Sovon Sleopors, Men and animals, undor tho clrcumstances, hunt thoir holes in quick timo, and romain housed up o8 longs a4 tho storm lasts, ITe who hus g good supply of provisons on hand is in big luck, 'FHuao storms put mo out of all pationce, and remind mo of a Btmyl Lionrd years ago about Jeft Davis and Gon, Twiggs. Homo one asked Davis if he know Gon. Twiggs. A “Yos," gnid Davis, **I know him ; and I kriow him to' bo the d—dost old scoundrol now living" Solt Is with theso storms: Ilmow them, and T know them to bo —— and o forth. BUT BPRING 18 APPROACHING, 5 and about next Juno we may expect somo warm wonthor, 'The days aro lengthening, sud ico caunot last forovor, ‘Uhis js sntisfactory nows, &4 no ono can imagine how this winter-weathor Lias beon spun out, untll it has bocome altogethoer too monotonous, It will bo a roliof onco moro to soo tho roads fully open, and bo able to traval wherevor o man may bo inclinod. Most of tho zonds In tho canond ‘are fllled with enow, and ~travel ia ontiroly susponded, Bomo of tha avae lanches that have ocourrnd on the mountain- sides havo boon of tho most foarful oharuetor, and mon and animals havo boon swopt into olornity by scores. THE MAROT O TIE MORMONE from Councll Dluffe, In., or from Wintor Quar- ] oy tors; 08 thay eall Tlorondo, Nob,, waslona of con- slderablo intorost, T'hoy wore organized on tho Elkhorn Rlver, ahout ofghteon miles wost of TFlorenco, into companion of hundrods, fittios, and tons, Enoh filty Lad &~ blacksmith—nn, wngon-mlkz\r| with tools for shooing animnle and ropairing wagons, ‘Ihroo hundred pounda of bradatuffs. were provided for ench. porsou and onch ablo-bodied man hiad_a good gun and 100 rounds of ammunition, Many cows Wore worked in tho yoke. . . Ench family took a supply of scod-grain and imploments of agrienlture, and every wagon wne carofully inspootod to goo that all” was right. mfi'x'n"" poultry were not forgotton, and wont eaf nlong on tho ‘atorn of tho [rluqchoon- orga A striot-guard was maintainod, and oach night tho wagons woro formed Into a corral, with the animals inslde, But liltle lmullnfi‘wns allowed, ua thoro was dangor of mon losing them- solves; and thus no persou was lost, and but fow nocidonts ocenrred, and all of these woro .of a-trivial naturo, On Saturday afternoons, tho trains haltod; and, at that tlme, Dnking, monding, horso-shooing, and ro- pairing woro carriod on. Bunday was o day of rost, whon prayors worc offerod up and ol dox Mormon scrmons prenched. Thus thoy travolod across the plaing and ovor the moun- tains, and finally reached tho Valloy of the Gront Bnlt Linko. For about throo yoms aftor thoir arrival lioro, DATLY RATIONS WEDE IFSUED to onch hiond of family, varying from onc-half to throo-guartors of o pound to ogeh individual, nvcord?ng to tho amount on hand” In1850; thore was & good harvest, and no nocessity to continuo the system of rationing. Thia went on until 1865, Wwhen most of tho crops wero destroyed by grasshoppers ‘and dronth, and thoy wors again obligod {’0 isswo ratlons. In tho winter of 1850-'6, groat unmbora of thelr cattlo died, and thoro was considerablo sufforing. In all tuoso times of soarcity, monsures wore takeon to supply thoso who were unablojto furnish themsolvos. Tast-days sworo prouhflmoll in all tho congroga-~ tions, on tho firet Thursday of cach month, and the fuod sayed in thatwayvas distributod among tho poor, Itissald that thousends of porsons who had au abundanco of broad put ihoir fami- ligs on rations, so as-to save the samo for thoso who could not othorwiso obtain it.. Theso wizo rogulations provented any ono from porishin with hungor, and no ono suffored to any gron! oxtent. During this sonson of ouforced nbsti- nonce from food, the pooplo wore romarkably henithy. + g The Provisional Govornmont of tho “State of Dosorot " was organized in March, 1819, and A BTATE CONBTITUTION was adoptod by a convention. A delogate waa sont to Congreas, with n potition for tho admis- slon of Desorot into tho Union. A Governor, and all the necossary ofticors for carrying on the now Blate, woro duly olected. But Congross did ‘not soo fit to admit tho Btato, nor hus it yot secon 1t to do so. The Utali Torritorial Legislature, in Docom- bor, 1855, passod an net Prnvlfling for tho hold- ing of nnother convention, which convention ndopted a Qonstitution undor the old namo and atylo of tho “Btato of Dosorot.” Congress again rofuxod ; and; in 1863, thio nume farco was ngain cnnctod, - It wonld soem as if this ought to hinve Dboon sufliciont, but it was not, and again, on the 20th of January, 1872, tho Logiulativo Assombly of Utah paseed an act authorizing an election to bo held for the purposo of* olecting dalogates to a convention for tho formation of n Constitution and Stato Govornment. Tho Govornor vetoed tho bill, Tho Mormous, howaver, wont on with tho oleetion; tho dologates. nssombled in duo time, nnd ndoptod a Constitution, which was rat- ifiod by the poople. A Roprosentative to Con- a8 and two Unitad States Sonators were duly olectad ; but tho schomo would not work, and Congresas ngain rofused to admit Dosorot to tho sistorhood of States. IME MINERAL POSITION of Utah is by no moans well defined, now and rich minos being froquontly found. Tho belt of country known as tho Big™ and Littlo Cotton- wood, American Torlk, Woat Mountain, Tooole, Ophir mining districts is oxceedingly rich in silver oro, sud sovoral of tho minoa aro woll worked, This partion of tho Torritory occuples ssuperficial aren of about 600 Fquara miles, sit- unted in tho Wasach range of the Rooky Moun- taing,—tho ranga running through tho Torritory in a southwestorly direction. 'That portion known as tho Cottonwoods and Amorican Fork is the richest yot discovorad. Tho Oquirrh rango of mountains, west of Salt Lako, also _contains sevoral districts, among which may be montioned the Tintic and Wost Mountain. Reds of lignoous and bituminous coal have been found in tho foot-hills, andsomo far up on tho sides of thie mountains. Theso bods are quito valuablo, though tho qunl\;:f ia not of tha first class. The silver minos yiold Joad oro mixed with silvor (argontiferous galo- na), and, in smolting it, tho” workmon naro fro- quontly attackod with load-palsy, utterly wrack- ing their systoms, and rondering them moro Toipless thaii children. To own n mine ia ono thing; to work it is anothor. The hugo silver bricks to bo scon at tho oxpross-ofiico aro most cheoring sights, but we do not know what days and nights of toil it took to gob them out, nor how many poor wrotches had their frawmos shat- tered in o doing. THE NUADER OF RATLROADS - being built in Utah Torritory is somothing aston- ishing, and, if somo parties do not got badly bit- ton, it will bo still morc nstonishing, Livery canon thinks it must have its own railroad, and emall narrow-gaugo roads soem to fairly bristle all over the Iand, How they are to be made to pay, i8 o thing that nobody can understand. But tholr projootors are sanguino, and, if you wish to bo thoroughly Lored, get ono of them started on the themo of narrow-ggugo railroads, Rights of way and subsidios sro, of courso, things they fully appreciato and undorstand ; And ‘lroy cai prave to you hiow very valuable 4 narrow-gaugo rond will b to Hog-Iyo Canon, whoro thoro is s yot no Liouss built, audnothing whatetor in pros- pect; and they will assuro you that if you put your money thorein, it will bothe bost paying in- Vostment ever known. 5 They aro pushing & rond down toward Pioche, whicliis just ovor the line, in Novada, and groat things aro oxpectod thorofrom. The Piooko Mining District Las indood proved n big thing, aud a groat ?\mnmy of silver hns boon tokon out. ft ia in an exceodingly barren pection, and' it is almost & wondoer low the miners maniage to_gob alovg. If ‘o road should Vo built to Ploche, i, might possibly pay ; at all events, soveral aro trying to got there, and ench i endenvoring to omulrifi tho others. Specu- lation is rifo on cvory hand ; but these now mon find it quito diflicult to decoive the old miuers of tho Pacific Blopo, and vory, fow of them hnva oy {u: mado fortunes. It ia funny enough to seo liow fully and hoedlessly THE ‘' PILORINS ' FROM THE EABT, . - a8 tho Montanians call tho )grconhonm, fall into big mining schemas, and how poor they find thomselves at tho ond of the.year, For a goad, solf-conceited mining flat, give mo an Eastorn man_who nevor #nw an ounco of silver ore bo- foro he came to the Torritory, and wlho now, af- six months' experience, thinks he knows moro than au old "49- On the wholo, tho mines in Utah HAVE NOT YIELDED VEIY WELL, and s grst mauy mon Livo bean diippoluted. Labor is very donr aud scarco, and, without it, -the best mino in the world is of but little value. A happy fecling is apt to como over s man's mind upon finding n find bod of oro ; but, nf- tor it is found, days and days of honest, hard work aro necossary to got it out, and get it .transported to tho mills. Thore iu an old say- ing in California, that it *takes o silver mino to work a gold mine." This truo in fact. It takes a great ontlny of monpy to work a mino, ns l‘:}my o man's bitter oxperionce bay provod to Lim, i The Mormons scom to ho proity woll satisfied with tho failure of the Irelinghuycon bill to becomo nlaw; and it proves to them, moro olearly than ever boforo, that tho United Statos Govarmont, ; 18 UTTERLY POWERLESS ~ to do anything with them. Itis deplorable to Le obligod to admit thin fact, but it is tho truth j aud_{hioro in no knowlng {o what longths | these poople will now go. Drigham Youug is now more poworful than over, and his hataful laws seom woro firmly bound upon the necks of the Panpln than herofofore. p Of courso, it makes littlo differanco to peopla in tho enstorn portion of the nation what Jind of laws they have out horo; but, to thoeo who ara obliged” to live in this scotion, It doos make & groat denl of difforonco ; and it is most galling to an Amorican citizon, not a Mormon, to be under the sway of theso bigots and ovil-doers, I liopo tho ddy will como whon this dreadful tyranny will bo romoved, aud when every man oan gob oqual and oxact 1]lmtlcu, irronpoctive of roligious’ creads’ and boeliofs. The day must como whon Church and State will bo soparatad here, and when jurles can bo made nrvontui(lu of tho influoneo of roligions fauaticluin, Lut the Mormonk have froquently declared that it was boyond tho powor of, tho United Siates to interforo witly tho community, and Inte ovents soem almost to provo this statamont, AraEnna, P S - —ThoNewark (N.J.) Jowrnalsays the followin s related a5 & positive fuct in connection with tha action of the Houalo on tho Alr-Line Railrond LbUl: # An ox-Covernor of New Jorsoy mel n Sonator who votod ¢ No ' on No. 8 bill, and snid Honator, thoy ey you got 320,000 for your voto, It you didn't you'ro & foul ; if you dld you'von knave,! Weo are not advised whothor the Sonu- tor sald anything In roply." : BOSTON. - The Sumner-Censure Topic--- Mrs. Julia Ward Howe and Mr. Whittier. The Great Bazaar of the Nationg--- A Tittle Radicol's. Blunder, A Freo GItt to tho Radical Clube--Tho Railrond-Fight Man, and His ' Steam Enterprise. Oponing of the Public Library on Bundays---The Rev. W. H, H. Murray as a Liberal. From Qur Own Correspondent, Bosrox, March 17, 1873, Tho groat topio of conversation in Boston socioty, bo th gocial and political, just now, is TITF SUMNER-OENSURE AFFAIR, Up at tho State-Houso, whoro the fight is going on, crowds of ladios flock in to liston to tho flery digcnsslons, Theso, to & woman noarly, throw fu thoir sympathios with thoso who aro working for tho ropeal of the consuro-voto. Thoy sit up in the gallories, nnd look down with florcost indignation or smiling npproval as tho sontimonts of the spoakor jar or jinglo with their own. » M8, JULIA WARD IOWE has created a littlo oxcitoment by signing the potition that was cironlated by the frionda of tho ropenl, nnd thon coming out with a docisive #pocoh for the othor sido. When questioned as to her change of bneo, hor answor wns, that, when she signed 4o petition, sho had not suf- ciontly considored tho subjoot ; that, upon Lioar- ing tho spocchios upon tho othor sido, sho bad Boen reason to roconsidor o hasty opinion. This, of course, meots with o good denl of sharp eriti- clem, eapecinlly, from hior own sox,who accuso her of inconsistency, inconatanoy, and kindrod weak- nosses, As Mrs, Howe must have fully countod this cost of eriticism in this sudden chango of her mind, hor judges should give her the credit of ono groat quality of strongth, whatover woakness thoy may accuso her of,— and that is, of courage. Bhe is too wiso in the world's ways ond human nature not to know what to oxpect in hor changoe of position, and &0, in this chango, she hns cortainly shown hor- self ns pluciky a little woman as over madoe o blunder. And, of real downright pluck,—pluck to faco o whirlwind of accusations,—much may Do forgivon. One of tho foremost workors in the repoal- attompt is JOWN G. WHITTIER. Hocamo up from Amesbury into tho wild Mnrel weather, which ho usually avoids ; and, day after day, his tall, spare figure could ho scon hurrying up and down Park stroot, and around thoso bloak cornors, on his great friondly er- rand. Before this is in print, the result of this great orrand will no doubt bo decidod, Another topio of great intorest seams to bethe coming d DAZAAR OF TIE NATIONS, - whoro wo are to seo Mueic IIall tnrned into forolgn stroots, with houses, pagodas, and pe- vilions, and tho Heathen Chinco in the original, togethor with tho varions othor foreign ropro- sontativs ; whora wo are to eat olla-podrida in tho Italian rostaurant, partalo of coffoo in a Tronch oafe, or stop to buy fruit, Enstern foshion, from tho panniors of n donkoy, whilo wo listen to tho streof-musicians, of hoar a muozzin shout the call for prayer from a min- arot 60 feot high, Imaginoall this undor the roof of tho Music Halll Wo thought tho acme of 1l Fair-projects hnd boon attained when tho Boston Thentro, from outer corridor to ntago, was turned into thint scens of enchantment whero the Arc do Triomphe rose in flowors, and whero tho : tri-color of Frouco_ floate from overy booth aud [atall. DBut, in view of this Duzear-projoct, the French Tair sinks into insignificauce, and the Homeop- athio Fair, which we thought only socond to tho Fronoh Fair, goos out liko o candlo. Thoso wero the result of talont. This is a stroke of onine. After the Jubileo, Inst summer; aflor ho great Colisoum, which held sovoral townsful of pooplo without a crowd,—we camo to tho con- clusion that no other undortaking would over g0 much na appronch it, But, ns tho Insb beam of tha Colisoum falls, we heur the click-cluck of the worliman's hammer in the oracting of that little new world which is to come into oxistonco on the 28th of April, Pooplo who wore sick of the vo mamo of Tairs, with their endless labor and shnmoless extortions, albeit for ‘¢ cause,” seom to *‘tako™ to this original dovolopment’ with gront intorest. Of courso, everybody knows that this famous undertaking is being carriod on by the YOUNG MEN'S ONRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, for the purposo of paying the dobt on thoir new building. But all oufsiders seetn to be interost- od, if not to help, to enjoy the novel eutertain- mént, And, in this connaction, hore ls a"protty good story of one of tho outsiders, the oxact truth of which Ican vouch for, as well ag tho fact that It has never bofore found its way into nowspapor columng: Tho outsidoer in the prosont instanco io 6 young woman who. 1s an habitue, not of Evangolical aasoviations, but of Radical resorts, such as Horticulturat- Hall mootings, aud Chostnut-street paorlors. ‘Wishing for somo information of, and concern- ing, tho great Bazaar, she in directed to the As- sociation Rooms, and nirives nt the door just 08 a daily prayer-meeting is over, whoro sho is mot by the departing crowd. She gathers hor- solf up in disguat of '*such & horrid erowd of men, you know,” and mshed into a neighbor- ing nliop, with flio quostion if_that is tho Young Mou's Christian Association building ; and, on being assured that it is, puts another questlon : #Tu it propor for o Indy to go into the rooms ?" “ Oh, you," isthe roply, givon with some as~ tonishment. ““You're sure it Is perfectly propor ?” sho in- slsta, “ Certainly!"” with an access of amazomont. After this double assurance, sho ascends the stairs, still with some inward tropidation as to ehnprolsrloty,—l havo hor own statemont for it,— and, at Inst cutering tho spacious reception- room, she discovors tho naturs of the departing crowd, and the fino point of hor own blundor | In what cnln(filry of uninstructod hoathon . the as- tonishod shop-koopor put (is youns voman, ia ono of the unansworable questions. But it will doubtloss yot trauspiro, for tho joko is too good & ong to koop, that, in Puritan Loston, any por- son phould be found Ro_ignorant of .the naturo of a Youny Mon's Christinn Associationanto doubt the proprioty of nlady’s entoring. And, mow I have turned tho subject upon THE BADICALS, I might aa well toll another good joke, Thare han beon a great doal of opposition, first and Inst, amongat Bomo of tho okd-fogy mombors of tho Rtadical Club, to the nowspapor-reporting of what is sxld thero. Dut tho younger mombers always earry tho day on the nmvspnlpor—mdu, and tho rosult Lias beon a world-wide celabrity to the Club, of which celobrity tho oldor mombors, on tho opposltion sido, woro quite ns fond ny the younger, though thoy were by no monus willing to wdmit that roportin do with it,—no doubt supposing - that tholr orphio ! wyings in o privato” patior beeamo atmospliorienlly iranamittod, or reached in privato whisper roross tho ocoan to such men as Thomas Iughes and Prof. Tyndall, though Phomas Hughos' lottor, printod In_ono of our dailien two yenrs ago, protoating sgalust shutting +out the reportors from tho Club, aud thoraby do- privingdistant frionds, like himsolf, from tho dis- cusgiony, might have settled that point, ono would think. Dut last yonr the oi)pnuitlnn culminatad in an attack made by ono of tho oldor osmnyists. I can't do botter than to quote tho words ot * Warrington " at that thne on this very mattor: Y“Ab tho Nadieal Club which mot at Br, Dartol's, n hormit from tho wilds of Brookline read an osssy on the esotorio and the exoterlo, which was mainly an onslaught on tho reportora and tho pross, Tho bogt things in it woro the things which re- .porters have presorved of tho snyings of Plato, Uootho, Byron, and othorn, ‘Tho cssayist him-. solf, whoso name I shall not, divnlge, is known {n‘lncipn\ly by his rendorings of Gormnn Mtera- uro, 1lis appearance au a reformed roporior was not unexpooted, but I do notiiinlc hiw ogsny wag vory woll rocolvod. The gouarnl judgment soomod to bo, that it was not yob timo tostrangle tho prosa, or drown its editors and writers.” "Thi tofln i own wtory,—Dr, 1lodgo boing tho hermit whom * Warrington" meuns us to gnens uuder his quizzical mask of words, Thore was n ad anything _to T = 80odt deal of fioro faoling at tho time, and direqtly, nfter "this onslaught,’ amongst tho roporters, who _folt thnt thoy Liad boon troated vory cav- aliorly in hoing Invitod by ono portlon of tho Club, to be called names and genorally attackoed by tho other portion, But all the uamo the newspaper reporting soemed to go on, until this wintor, Whon tho nowapnpora find tliat thoy hiave hiad mmlfl;lx of tho Club,—that it is & ntald sub- Ject ; nnd, prostol- the roports- aud Lhe roport- ora disappoar, and whnt tho: hormit fought. for hio hns got a4 n froo gift,— 48" tho rosnlt of hin onslaught, but Inthe order of —— woll, lot ug quote Datwin, and sny, of NATURAL BELEOTION, . It romalna to bo son Liow tha solodt Jittlo ol- clo will rolish the boon of privacy ns o froo gift. If thoy hind only known how things would havo turned out, thoy might have saved thomsolves a groat donl of unnecossnry anxioly. Amongst othor matters of Interost and pooplo of Intorest just now, is Mr, John A, Cole~ mnn and his B - GNEAT BTEAM ENTERPRISE, ; whith s oventually not only to do a1l our houeg- heating, and perhaps cooking, but to put out all tho fires. DBy this ayatom, wo shall .Lid_farowell to the dust and nsflua of coal in our domicils ; all we shall have to do will bo to turn a key, na we turn n gaa-koy, and, from the grand mnin sourco down-town, 'instead “of - down in our collar, there will' flow Into our radiators na littlo or as much steam an wo shall desire for our house-honting. Mr. Coleman, it will bo ro- mombotad, is tho man who liad tho - FIGHT WITH A RAILROAD, which hio told so graphically in tho Atlantic, Inst autumn, that overybody who read it folt that the comipg man, as’'a dofonder of human right ogainst human might, was amongst s, In an ufl)romhlng iusuo of tho Aflantic, Mr. Coloman will toll tho wocond part of this atory,—bhis fight with the Judgos. Itisanid to bo very spiritod and interosting, Tho horo of thoso bnttlos looks tho hero,—looks s If lio might lave goue througly' the mirugglo just as ho tolls it,— from firat to lust, havo sot his faco like a fline spninat tho iijustion and trranny whiol mot him, surc of winning in the ond. Ho is a fall, broad-shouldored, muscular Chrlstian, with s firm-sot uppor Jip'and a squaro jaw ; which physical {ndicationa nt_onco convey to tho quiclc obsoryer the faot that hore is a man who is not to e imposed ;upon with impunity. 'l‘ofuther with this physical nuY‘anrlty,. MMr. Coloman has a mantal power which, as any ono who has rend his Atlantic articla can tostify, is of o erdinury qualiiy. A practical ongincor [n s oarlioat training, his prosent caraer, while yot o young man, shows proty clearly what his fature wuccoss will bo, . . TUE OPENING OF THE PUDLIO LIDRARY ON BUN- - DAYR is o oat Bubject’ for 'congratulation: with tho Liberals, And, going into tho spa- cious rooms, with their porfact vontilation, ono is at n loss to discover whero tho mischief which tho sixicter religionists' aro 8o fearful of can got in. If ono felt over po wickedly disposed outside, cutting around tho inovitablo cold, windy cornor which 1s atwaya tho sito of o woll-rogulatod, prosperous ohureli, hin angry passions would bo sure to evapornio in- side those cool, still corridors, whoro not a word in spoken to broak the meditative silenco, Such names on_tho potition for opening as Jamos Frooman_Clarke, Ldward Everett Halo, and “ Adirondack” furray, tho gront Parl-nirdet prenchor, sliow tho estimato of the intelligont portion of tho community upon the mattor. i Orthoilox_brothren, howaver, are beginning to look suspiciously upon Mr. Murray as. Laving Radicol tendoncies. Iois cerlainly vory llhoufi in his leanings,—voiy unliko his prodecos- sors in tho Park-sireot pulpit, who bLave always boen of the most Evangoelical odor. But Mr. “Murrny drives his horsed ; woars his cut- awny cont and low. foll hat in anything but priostly stylo; and now and thon, of o Sunday, oloctrifies his audionge with such words as these: “Dou't talk Lo mo of croeds. I don't caro any- thing_ about croods, “For God's sake, whon T dio, don’t put a Weatminstor Catechism under my pillow. ° Give mo somothing tangiblo.” And :h]fl something tangiblo is Clirist and His toach-~ nge. z - Aud no_tho Publio Library gets opon for the hard-working mechanic, and the world moves out of its old Puritan ways here, uuder just such Dbreakings from old bonds, and such lozn- ings towards liboral things, GARETIL M'GREGOR, IOWA. The Mononn Murders<Fhe Postmcu- teruhiipa=A Mysteraous Tragedy-=Ece, McGrreaon, Towa, March 93, 1873, To the Editor of The Chicago T'ribunc: Bm: A homiblo murder was committad at Monona, 18 miles from thig placo, yesterday aftornoon, by thio Lespor of & low doggery, namod Blagdeon, or ** English Bill.” It seoms that, from tho ropoatod rows that took place thoro, tha moro respectablo peoplo of the town had triod to liavo the placo suppresscd, and somo injudicious persons had threatonod to *“ clean the thing out.’, ate in the day, arespectablo firmor, named Grigales, living ™ near town, wont thoro in sourch of a comrado who lind riddon to town with him, ond, a8 bo approachod the plnce, tho keoper waa on his guard, and shot him with s shot-gun, whon not move than ten feot from him, the wholo chargo of #hat_entoring his breast, Isillin, him instantly, Blugduan was arrested, aud, buf for tho firmness of Silns Egbortanda. o others, would have boen lynched. = - i "ho Republicans of this place aro urging tho sppointment_of BIr. Comsit a8 Postmasier, in Ennn of Mr. Boll, who hns beon politically bo- eadod by the Prosident., Tho eitizens of thia placo have no fault to find with the rotiring Post- master, avd on]{ fool that Mr, Comsit will be one overy way as woll qualified to perform the dutics of tho aflico, ¥ 5 Whilo writing this, tho report comes thata man hos beon found' foating among driftwood and ice in the river, about two miles above horo, with his throat cut, and othor marks of violonce on his person, 1o wau well dressed, of medium izo ; & middio-agod man ; Lad n silver walcl in pockot, but nothing on by which to ascortain his name, or whoro from. There has boon no in- qucst aa yot. The wonthor is ploasant,” but rather cold. Too still haugs hero, but is badly dumnrll]izt?r(l. ‘U, e e THE PUNISHMENT OF MURDER. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune Bm: Why is it that our clergy, as a goneral thing, are so clamorous for thoe bloody code? Theso horalds of tho gontlo Jesus—that Jesus who never uttored o syllablo approving tho' tak- ing of human lifo as n punishment—ono would oxpoct to bo tho laat to call for the old Mosaic ukago of A lifo for a lifo.” As au instanco Low tho most adverse texts of Seripture nre used by clorgymen to enforco their notions, tho sermon of the Rev. Mr, Helmer on Sundny' ovening was romarkablo. 1lis themo -| was Cain, the first murderer; and, in some way, from that ho drew sn instruction in favor o capital punishment. ow, Cain wag not put to death by God, but sepnratod from Lis follows ; and, to prevont, his follow-mon from killing him, God put & mark on him, aud throatenad soven-fold vongennce upon ny ono who should kil him, % ot much eapital punishment doctrine here. That 8o candid and ablo a man as Mr. Helmor could fall into such line of deduction, seoms pingular, 1 1, for ono, hnvo long hoen opposed to the death-ponalty. Tho arguments of its advocates soom to o fallaclous, and the socrot of the do- siro for its infliction to be in the natural feeling of vongeance i oaso of murder, That the restraining offcct of oxeontions on erime is o vagary, is proved by tho fact that, in cnch of tho rocent esccutions in this eity and in Now -York, murders woro committed within n singlo tliny therenftor, within eanuon-shot of tho soalold. Tig TruuNg of this morning, to my mind, struck tho right note, and for the flrst timo, to my-notico, hua tha' thought boen olearly put forth, “ that at prosont, aud until wo aboliah the pardoning power, thero is no such thing as im- Prisonmont forlifo." o must bave tho death-penalty for murder till wo can finprison for lifo. Lot ue take nwny tho pardoning power'from the Executive in case of murder; and, until wo can do that, lot mur- derors hang, eay I, SUIVEX. Cn10AGo, Aarch 24, 1673, s s ARy CORONER'S JURY FEES, 2 Onidaao, March 21,1673, To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune: Bm: In lagt Sunilay's issue of tho Chicago T'imes nppoared anarticlo in rogard to Coronor’s Jury foos, stating that tho jury at a Coronor’s inquost hold ot 8t, Tuke's Hospital donated the foos, amountiug to $12, to that institution ; and that the nmount had not boon paid over. For tho Iuformation of tho publio, I would stato that not o cont of tho jury foos paseos through my fmudn, but thoy usre to bo vollscted fyrom the QOounty Lrensuror, first making application ta tho County Commigaionera, who ordor thoir poy- mont, Thin Inw went into offoot on ‘the firut Mouday of Decvmber, 1874, JonN BTEPHENS COoroner of Cook (Ionuly. ' WASHINGTON. - . The Senate Debate on Calds ‘ well. Conkling Throwing Laurels on . Schurz. A Landmark---Uprooting of a Federal Mausoleum, Trom Our Own Correspondent, ‘WasttrnaToN, March 21, 1873, Tho Presidont, in hislast romarkable mosango, assumod that oll nations woro about to have ropublican forme of government and to speak tho snma Innguage. That Is, we prosume, thoy will all décline tho vorb * to steal,” but nono of them will decline tho corrosponding subatantive, "Tho Unitod States Benato is now sponding two waooka of dinloctics going round nbout tho onne of o small person named CALDWELT, to soe if thoy cannot pow-wosw himinto rospeota- bility, “Domocerats and Ropublicans agroo that there {4 o want of jurisdiotion somo- whoro, A more serupulous body of mon nover got togother than tho Ronato, if tho scruplos aro to benofit nscoundrol, Thoy will stand anddiscover procedents aud torrors in the et of kicking him out, euough to maka all Pan- demonium amused, ss it a play had boen gotten up for the solo dolectation of thoso imprisoned spirits. Tho fight is betweon Mr. Morton and Mr. COonlling, tho blacksmith and the hnir-drosser of the Bonate. MMr. Morton would not go to:the oxtromity of oxpolling Mr. Oaldwoll; thers ho has bis scruples ] Ho would placate him by va- eating him. Mr. Conkling would go to tho ox- tromity of anointing him with oil ; for hia cup runneth o'or. 4 - Tho other dny, whilo thoy wors fussing about it, liko a sot of Lypoorites and comodians, tho wind wont tearing over tho Benato, rattling tho glase, and in the noisn all seomed to hoar Old Nick eaying: **Halba! You'refiine! You're minol" It takes a man a long timo to know that he is dend, and {his is what is (ho matter witha formor Sonator of the United Btates, one of tha plonoers of wickedness in that once noble body,— ° JADMES NARLAN, an emigre from Iowa, To ronssure himseolf of oxistenco, ho has bought, with the 80,000 he took from Durant & -Co., & controlling intorest in an uncompensating publication called the Chronicle, ono of ths or- gons of the lobby which maintning n proearious oxiatenco hero, going into torpidity in the sum- mor to reverap the conditions of the alligator, and in wintor scaly, brazon, aud rapacious, But tho moral corpse of a Benator cannot bo unid to take u now existonco upon ltsolt: by play- ing tho spectro of the highwayman. Halt-shorn, melrncholy, mon tally iu hell, tho ghoat of Har- lon still Kunnunlnu tho nir of Washington, soek- ing, with tho frantic ongernoss of the - dyin, Tafstadf whon ho fingered tha coverlats, to puil the ragged curtnin of the Ropublican party over hig nakedness. 1lo does not know that- the Re- publican perty, liko the Democratic, is & corpeo abovo ground, 'oxhaling nothing, but_flayoring the wind ; and no henrt's-case, nor dandolion, mor catnip, nor sunflower, in the nosogny, .le}nm‘"H a moroe decidod odor than ¢ Exhortation Col. Honry 8, M'Comb told me distinetly that Iiarlan not only reccivod 910,000, but about £30,- 000 from tho Paciic Railway interoat. o re: coived this, not, as Durant e, becango he wag popiilar,—for hie isan awfal pillto aworldly man ; mado up of common motro, tha _colloctiou-box, and the parformanco called 'amongst merchanty clovks *knocl-down,”—but because he was linndy, and a natural adeps at oflicial grand Iar- ceny. Tio in_not ouly dond; ho Is huriod, oxcoptas to tho winged memory of himself, which contin- ues to bu: o the axsociations of a windmill. Lot Carl Schurz and othor honorabla gentle- mon beno more offondod at this daily prison DLlast from tho extinet Marlan, thau if they wore Enasiug Purgatory, aud thero “gibbered’ at tho I8 flon\olhhli\\‘hich way articulato, and ma- liciou, and unhappy, and 1o mora. CONRLING ON QUIDDITH. Roscoo Conlkling has mado v speech npon the unlawfulness of puninhiué' burglary, s theo- ry is, that, when & Nonh Claypolo, like Caldwoll, lins once got into tho Sonato, thero ho must. bo entortainad a8 ono of the family, because ‘tho poople who ““piped " tho ouso nt tho.Btate ogislniure wero the legitimate nuthoritios, and shoved him into tha window as n neat fit. ITolne only tostay thera six years, and toke an invonto) of the plato and spoona; and thia is, atter nli, tha logitimato aphero of a Senatorin our dny. The lobby electa the Sm:u!.h)rt and the Senator prascs out the apoous to the Contral Pacitle, and other entorprising confoderates. It is quoor to seo the siraits thoso mon are at to drag the world to thedr lovol. After o man . liko Carl Schurz has sorved the party on its own torms, and delivered addrosses ag men deliver looturos, outside of his own bailiwick, they think it no dishonor to produce the contract and_seolc to confound lnbor with corruption. Conkling's {hlnn of debauching Eublio discrimination {s o make it appear that bribery and toil are the name, folony and compensation, His answor to the chargo that Lo took $10,000 to accomplish liis olection in that usod in every boozing-ken and erib In the country : * You ave a liar.” Buch in o Sonator of tho United Statos in placo of Bilns Wright and Willinm H. Soward. All this nccnm{mniud with a sonsual look at the trimness of his log, ns il it wore another's prop- orty; with n voico nawnl and singuong, such 08 is acquired by being hearkened to by its pro- priotor ; and with a strut which is the country actor's in tho rolo of Joseph Surface. “Pho objact of the whole is to acquit a pal who g beon shoved in ut the window of the Beunte to deliver up the spoons. TIIE REMOVAL OF A SHRINE, Amongat tho local landinarks of the Distif6t of Qolumbia, which have boen recently obliterated in the loveling procosson of the naw corporation, are the mound and stono to mark the centre of the ten milos square, Hot up by Androw Ellicott, in 1791, Gon. Bahcock said ho thought it wae moroly tho bage of a dorrick to Loist things to the Washington Monument, N Tho other landmark was the Van Noas Mauso- leum, in which was buried David Burns, tho Beoteh farmor who owned the ground on which tho most popular pnrt of Washington stands, ‘This fine old relie was taken down Iast wook to El\'o room for a new alloy. It stood botween the shurch of the Ascension and an Orphan Asy- lum, ou H straot, noar Ninth,—tho-ground for .both of which was prosentod b{, AMrs. Vun Nosgs, or Marein Burns, daughtor of the Scoteh farmor aforosaid, At to this family thoro fun may bo worth tolling : avid Burng was o favmer at the river-side be- hind the DIresidont’s Mansion, who had beon fortunate enough, undor the lw of primogeni- turo pmvnlllngm the Province of Maryland, to fuheorit Lin fathor' proporty, to the oxclusion of lis kin, Ilo wus o positive old follow, and an- noyad Washington vory much when the. Prosi- dont uought to ‘‘locato tho Oapital Oi(y upon his farm, Tho obstinato My, Burns, au Washington callod him, will be tho subjeot of portraiture often’in tho future, stickling for tho most ox- travagant torma for his ground, and paying lttle telative roupact to the oplniou of tho Goneral, whom Lo bolieved to Lo of ominonco uhiell( on tho scoro of having married the rich widow Custis, Turne had a daughtor, as woll, whosa prospee~ tivo werlth in Washington clty-lots wus to_mako anothor man historic.” “his waa Marcia Burns, o fairly-oduoated, fuir-looking, * clonz-hondod "cung woman, the only child of the crusty David. Wlion tho Congressmon rottlad on tho agueish site of the now citly, and found the distances too muguificent for patience, they sought reliof from 00r lodgrlugu b{, viniting tho Carrols, Calvorts, laylors, Laws, Potors, Lloyds, Koys, and oth~ ora; and immodiately thero was n courteons con- tost for tho hand and fortune of Davy Burns' ohild, Tho Congrossmon #illed tho long, low, ouo-story-and-gurret farm-houso of ‘nights, and tho most assiduons and good-looking of them ol was John P, Vau Nows, of New York, Thoy all bonioged Miss Marola Hurns, and sho’ follow- ed the rulo of choosing trumps when in doubt. Bho beamed upon tho Landsomo Duteh membor, John I, Ven Noks was now Pnub 80, and tho son of o colobrated Now York untl-Foderalist, Judga Poter Vun Noss. Hin father was a sup- porter of Aaron Burr against the Livingston and Olinton iutorost ; and William P, Vin Nous, lig Drother, ‘ that talonted man, of dark and indlg- nant wpirit,” as Juboz Ilammond ways, was Burr's socond In the ducl with Hamilton, and aftorward sooreted Burr in the family home of quaint tale \yhi:.'h Kindorhoolr, .whoro™ nubnuquanlly‘ Irving wrote o part of his Knickerboolots” Iiatory, aud Mar- %}nl"nn Buron raised cabbngos aud smiled on aturo, "Tho oldor Van Ness sont Aaron Burr, rocontly Unitod Btatos Sonator, to sounad ~the- young woman Burng, and ascortain the degreo of her worldly wisdom and hor father's worldly pros- pocts. . Burry always »{:lnnuo In.match-makings, roported In an oxalted ptraln upon Misg Maroii's gtrongth of mind_and_probabilities, and thus Columbin County, New York, and tho District of Columbia, united their leading familios, The groom had boou educatod at Columbin Collogo, Now York, and was of such oqual upirits, thnt, till donth, ho rotained all his popularity in \Vnnhlunton, and_*“ fillad sl the high officos that tho citizons of Washington had the power to' hestow upon him,” Iiis bride was equal to her alliance, and kept n tondor momory WuhlnE- ton long aftor hor obstinato fathor was, Inid In tho Cave of Maopolnh. For n littlo time the bridal party inhabited old Burns' cottago, still stauding at the foot of Sovontoonth stroot. Noxt, Mr. Van Noss built & two-story briok housa at tho cornor of Twolfth and D nreots, Tho city lots melling woll, and monoy beinj unstinted, VanNess noxt orccted, right boside old Bums' cottago, o gront brick mavalon, still porfoot, - B ivbabited ~ nofr by Thomsa _Grood, the fou-ln-law ‘of . iho oldor Ritchio, tho colobratod Riohmond odltor. Thin gronk houso wos denlguod l?' “Maj. L'Enfant; tho designor of Washington Cily, and it cost nboub $60,000, up- wards of half o contury ago. -Tho country-placo of tho bridal couple was meantimo ‘“The (labo,” ultunted in Virglnia, not many miles from Wasfi- ington, whore thoy possossed 1,600 acros, part of whtich 1s now ownod by Calob Gushing, * In 1895 tho manafon on *The Glehe " burned down, Aftor Van Noss bad_baon a Bank Prosident, Militin Commander, and what not, he died seve oral yonrg after his wife, who hnd beon a dovout Episcopalian, and somewhat notablo for hor local chnritios. Ho had provided for n tomb unrivaled in tho Now World, & copy of n tomple of Veata, whoro tho Durns and tho Van Noss allisnco should bo monumentally in- urnod, This tomb wad constructed of stono, and wes an open domo, wilh stona pillars, nnd s doop vault benoath it, 8 foot in_ doplh, with throo tiors of colls, bix colls to tho tier, Mr. Edward Clorl, architect ol tho Capitol, told Col, W. L. Phili , who re- contly romoved and sob up the Mansoloum, that 1t was the only tomb_strictly monumontaf in tho country, and'that tho matorinl iu it, and tho fushioning of them:, wonld cost, at the pros- ont timo, 934,000, Thoy took the structuro down, and have sot it up, procisoly s it was, in Ok Hill Goutory, Geargatown. Undornaa it thoy found soven bodies, viz.: 1. David. Burns,—s, fow bones, and_a -slull and teoth, and tho_ ralics of au old-fashioned winding-shoot, which wrapped tho dofunct around and around, as If afraid he might ot out of it, a8 out of some other bad bargain, Tho undortakor of tho lattor part of tho .nino- teonth contury looked at this winding-sheet as if ho were sturmped at lnst. It was too much for him, 3 2. Mra. Burns, wifo of David. On this Iady history is sitont, 3. Gon. Van Ness, A fino old body, who- suod tho Government of the United Stntes for violat- ing ita ngrooment with tho origiuni propriotors of Washington in the matior of solling to privato purchnsors lots noar tho Mall, Ife wns bonten, although he had ogor B. Tanoy for coungel. <. Marcin Van Ness, hoiross of Washington, 5. Mts, Ann E. Midaloton, only cliild of Joln P, aud Marcin Vau Noss ; marriod Arthur Mid- dloton, son of s signer of the Daclaration of In- dopendonco ; she died in ohildbirth, and Middlo- ton marricd for his second wifo a dnughtor of Gen. Bontevolia, of Rome. 6. Geu, Montgomery, & rolativo of tho family, + 1. Qov. Cornelius I, Van Noss, ex-Collector of tho Port of Now York, Chief Justico and Gov- ornor of Vermont, and for nine yoars Ministor to Bpain, Ho was the father ‘of Mrs. Judgo Ttoosovolt, of Now York City, and of Lndy Ouso- Tey, wifo of Sir Willium Onscloy, Secrotary of tho" British Logation, who was married ot the Van Nees mansion, The Aquare on which the Mausoloum stood sold for $160,000 not mnny yenrsago, and tho Proceeds wons to the Bentavolio allianco, T'ho hioivs of John P. Van Ness wero throo, In equal parts : 1, Onothird to Mrs, Philip, whoso son is W. 1L Philip, La:] of Washington City, 2, Quo-third to Gov. 0. . Van Ness. Ono-third to tho hairs of Judge W. P, Van Neas, Burr's friond, Of this colobratod estate, thore aro still many lots in the possession of tha Lieirn of. tho abova, This muttor is probably as now in Washington o4 in Chioajso. Gara, —_— ENGLISH AGRICULTURAL LABORERS. E To the Editor of T'he Chicago Tribune : Sm: I do not wish to quarrel with Mr, Justin MoCarthy, or to nocuse him of willful misropra- sontation ; but I do object to what you were, pleased to coll “his vivid skotch of the squalid wratehednosa of the English farm-laborer," who, o eays, drags through his wholo lifo with only wages enough to koop body and soul togothor ; who hardly over cats moat, oxcopt n miserable fringo of rusty bacon now snd then; and who' hardly over Imows how to read. The sbove sloteh i8 so unfair, and so inconsistont with fact, that, for tho eako of truth, I think it ought to bo refuted. It is true that it is not the custom, oither in tho cities or conn- try of England, to have moat and potatoes three timos » day ; but it must not bo forgotten that tho misorable clags of wretchios doscribed by Mr. McCerthy aro called - in -flve timos overy day to flve good and “substantial monls, 2ud, in the summer time, are furnished ‘with as mucl home-brewed ale ‘n8 their squalid wrotchednoss may roquiro. u“h‘fi travoled throngh, and resided in, the roral districts of England, I know tlint, 18 n goneral thing, tho farm-Inboror hns at lenst one meat-dinner every doy. With rogard to wagos, I will only add that $2.50 to ©3 per weok it nbout the avernge wages recoived by farm-lands, in addition to™ board ; and, when ws considor the comparatively low {u‘lcn of clothing, ete., this will bo equal ‘to $5 hore, which is nbout. thie. nversgo componsation roceived by farm-laborors in this country. Yours 1mnosl rospoctfully, J. GOULDEN. C1104GO, Murch o An Immmonse Bonfire. : From thaMachias (Me,) Union. For thirty yonra or more odginga and refuse wood had been asccumnulating in closa proximity to tho sw mills in Whitnoyvillo. . Tho pilos woro of immonxo proportions, one pile alono covering an-acre and twouty to thirty foot deop. By care- ful and low estimate this ono pilo containod 10,000 cords! ‘Tho mill ownors have long desired to get rid of the edgings, but never have scon the tima when thoy folt like aifording the risk to apply firo. This wintor suow, ico. and wator Deiug favorablo, after trouching and ditching and neing all precautionary measuros, fire wes put into the mountain of wood Feb, 24, Some poople bacamo alarmed, auticipating a swoop of tho mills aud of the wholo town! Word camo to Machias for holp, Tho fire dopartment dis- ntched ono of thoir nll&hlufl and mon to’ caro or it. ‘Fho ongine at_ Whitneyville was put in rondiness. All day Mondsy the pilo shrunk before tho flamoy nid all "IE t careful watch was had. Tho wind wns favorable, so'that by: Tuos- day night tho firo had. mado its conquost; the groat pilo had nearly disappoared and no damago oceurred to tho mills or property of uni kind. Tho hoso was not wet, I fact no work, only wateh wag needod, By the romoval of this pily of combustiblo matorial the millsare moro yal- unblo and tho whola town ia fread from 'a' gront oxposuro by firo, which might ocour most” dou- tructively i asummor's (irouth, : Trom the San Franeisco Bulletin, A warm-hioarted, philanthropic old gontloman, who is a mombor of tho Home Mission, was standing on one of tho wharvea yesterday aftor- noon, after comploting hiu customary duily task of distributing n fow thousaud (racts to tlie ear- neat and reflocting flshormen, 'longshoremon, shianglini ngonts, fnd boarding-hoido - runnors who froquent that part of tho olty, when hia moditations woro, hnamql)wv.l by a gontloman Drushing hastily by in the directlon of the walor, Ho was hoavily burdened , with a coll of ‘homp . topd, {0 Bhrs. of pig iron, o ouble-barreled shot-gun, & can of nitro-glycerine, and other requisites for successful suicldo, and olosely followed by o Iargo squad of mnows lpur-ro{mrturs. The ‘old man ealinly approachied, while the despsrate man way porfocting his {inal “arrangoments, and ro- monstratod with him on the impiety of his do- sign, Tho wretched man was visibly improssod with the counsols of this good fiemou. partiou~ larly with . the asswrancos that the Gont Island question way now oxtinct, that tho infornal mohool investigations = would ultimatoly lavo an ond, and that lifo would again bocome endursblo iu the olty, Qlviug his axtensive nplmrnmn In ohirge of an exprossman, the poor follow took the arm of tho good old gentleman and roturned to his home, “During Lis absonce his_mothor-in law and soveral of hia wife's consing hind arrived for a six months' vinit, and the stroot car company Iad mado un_opening for & 5,000 suit by rui uing over his dog This simwlo inoidont of ovoryday lifo in Ban Franclaco vorifion tho trutit that'overy cloud has n sityer lining, and the sun~ shino of” foy ahnll broak through tho darkost night of advornity, THE NEW ARGONAUTS. - Explorations of tho Far Wost, , Onoof the lnteat acls of the Forly-scoond Congross wau tho apprdprintion of §75,000 to con= tinuo aud roorganize the United Biatoy Qaologi- enl Burvey of the Tortitorios uuder the control of tha Dopartmont of tho Intorlor. In order to ascortain the charactor of tho ohango and’ the nnturo and amount of work to bo dono during tha comiug sonson, n roporler of the Tribunt callod on Jamos 'T'. Gardnor, chief geographer of the Burvoy, who is at prenent In the clty, and ob. tained from him tho following facts: Tho oxploring oxpodition I5 to bo known ag the “Unitod Btates Geologient and Geographloal Burvoy of the Torritorios undor tho Daopnriment of- the Intorior,” aud it Is proposod to map ont tha topography and geology of tho Racky Moun- tain region and the conntry wost of It; to invoss tigato “thoir resources, and to distribute:the kunowladga obfainod by menns of maps, phioto~ graphs, and {llustrated roports, The work ‘thia onr will bo in Colorado. During Inst yenr. tho ollowstona parl roglon und tho country to the nouth of it wero partially oxaminod with rofor- onco to thelr govlogical foaturos, Furlhor oxamination of this roglon las boon post- oned becauso of the diflicully of accoss 0 it on ncoonnt of the hostilo Indians infest- ing it, and bocauso of tho troubls and oxponso attonding transportation {hithor, until the complotion of the Northarn Paoifia Railroad. “Who scientltic corps of tho expedition comprigos about twanty mon, conslating of tha chiof Fnul%glub and his staff, {lio chiof goograph- ot and staff, and tlio natural history doparimont. Tho chief goologiat, who in nlrjo thd clilof of tha survey, Is Dr. I, V, Hayden, who has beon oxe ploring tho vountry embraced in tho survey for about twenty yeurs, sometimos at Lls owr oxe ponso, somatimes partly aided by the Govorne mont, and, during somo periods, sololy by Goye ornmont appropriations. In 1871, tho dofinite mepping out of tho goological and natural hige tory featurcs of this far-western rogion bogan, ‘Tho_rosuits aro comprinod in n &orics of aunun] roporls mado to Congress, and in tho distribue tion of the colloctions of geslogienl, botauical, mineralogical, and natural history Apecimens, Dy moang'of tho Smithsonian Institution, to the various cducational institutions in the United States, By tho recont act of Congress the ine vestigation'of tho qum’mphicnl fuenturos of the country is.tobo added to the work formerly dono. * Morcovor, by ‘tho plan as now dotor, mined on, it ia intendod to carry on n connocted exploration of the conutry, instoad of, ns for- merly, a geries of disconnected survoys of pare tioular localitics, The principal objects of tho schomo are, flrat, tho oblaming of an accurate topographical mayy of-the coftntry; second, tho caroful mapping of its goology, and, third, the Investigation of tha conncetion of these with our minoral and agrionltwnl rogources, One gontloman of the {mfly devotos vhimeolf, almost exclusivoly, ta nvostigating tho agricultursl resourcos of tho rogions gurveyed, noting the kind of woil, the motaorological conditions, the oxistonco and provalanco of destructive inscots, &o. By monns of tho Glaronco King oxploring oxpedition the Avizoun dinmond-flelds fraud was oxposod. The Btory, as told by Mr, Gurdnor, is an interosting ono.” Tho finding of tho place which was keps & Recrot IJ{ tho originators of the echiemo, das pondod on tho goographical, while the discovory of its fraudulont ch:gacter was duo to the goc- logieal knowledgo of tho rogion obtnined by tha nurvo{. Another point in favor of expeditions like this is the following: 'I'hoconl of tho country occurs in a very differont kind of. rock than “tho Ponusylvanin conl, and it is of the utmost importanco o havo tho conle beds determined and mapped ont. It is proposed to start the oxpodition as soon ns tho woathor will pormit. Tho general plan of tha oxpedition will bo to continue ita work of oxplos ration and tho collection of specimens for tiva or gix months, and_to arrange snd classify tha specimons obtainod ; to proparo maps of tha ro- sion traveled ovor, and to muke oat the roports hurlng tho romainder of the year. Tho . hoad. uerters of the survey nre at Washingtou, whore thero is n building dovoled to its purposss. About 15,000 l!u]lllus of thereports are distributed annunlly thronghout the countiry by members ol Congross, and many phnlngimp‘.m of ueon: natural objocts aro sont Lo inutitations of % ing m tho United Statos. ' MELONS." ;Another of Bret ¥lavie’s Elorocs, . The following bitof deseription in Brat Hartc'a Dest vein is from his Inst book of sketohos: Ilia ago was about 7. 1o lookad older, from the ven- erablo whitoness of his heed, and it was m sible to conjecturo his sizo, a8 ho alvags woro clothes apparontly belongiug to some shapely youthof 10, A palr of prntaloons that, wheit sustained by n singlo suspouder, complotely I\rlulp]lud him, formed his overy-day auit,: How, with this lavish suporiluity of clothing, hio mant aged to perform tho surprising gymnastic fonta it has beon my 1}n‘ivllogu to witness, I bave never been able to tell. His *turning tho crab,” and othior minor dislocations, wore always attonded with success. 1t -was not an unusual sight at any hour of the day to fnd Molons et~ ponded on a line, or to sco his venerable hoad apporying above the roofs of the out-housos, hluloua knew the exact height of evbry fonce in the vlc!nit{, its facllitios for scaling, and tho possibility for seizuro on tho other sido, His ‘morp poacoful and quiotoramusements consistad in dragging o disused boilor by a large string, with hideous outeries to imaginary fires. Molons was not gregarious in his habits: J A fow youths of his own ago sometimes called upon_him, but they evontuslly becamo ahusive, and their visits were moro strictly prodatory ins cursions for old bottlea and junlk, which formed the staplo of McGinnis® court.’ Ovorcomo Ly Tonelinoss ouo dny, Molons inveigled n blind harper into tho court. For two houra did that “wrotehed man proscente his unhallowod calling, unrecomponsed, and fuiug round aud round tha court, apparontly undor tie mprossion. that it was someo other le:c, whilo Melons surveyed him from an adjoining fonco with calm satisfac- tlon. It was tho abscnce of conscientious mo- tives that Lrought Melons into disropute with Thin aristocratic noighbors. Orders were issued that no child of wenlthy and -pious parentage should play with hini, That mandate, as o mat< tor of courgo, invested Melons with n faseinating intorost to thom. Admiring _glancos wore cos at'Molons from nurgory windows. Baby-fiugera beckoned to him. Invitations to tea (ou wood and powter) wero lisped to him from atlatocratis back yards. It wasovidont o wns looked upon 88 a pure and noblo boing, untrammeled by tha conventionalitios of parentage, and physically a8 woll as mentally oxalted above thom, - Ono aftornoon” an unusunl commotion pro- vailed in the vicinity of McGinniy’ court, Look- ing from my window, Iésw Molohs porchied ou tho-Toof of ‘. stable, pulling up a ropo by which one “Tommy," au Infant Solon of an ndjncont and woalthy houso, wis susponded inmid-air, In vain tho female rolatives of Tommy, congrogate od in the back yard, oxpostulated with Molons ; in vain tho unhuppy father shook his llsts at hiw, Beoure in hiy position, Molons redoubled his ox- ertions, andat last landod ‘Pommy on tho roof. Then it was _that tho humilinting fack was dise closod that Tommy bad been acting in collusion with Molons. Ifo griuned delighted buck ut his B )nmuts‘,'w if * by merit. raised to that,bad em« nence,” Loug boforo the laddor arrived that ‘was to succor him o beeamo tho sworn ally of Molons, aud, I rogrol to say, incitad by (ho same audacious boy, “chaffed™ his own flosh nnd blood below ‘him, o was oventually tnkon, though, of course, Molons escapod. Bt Toms my was rostricted to tho window after that, and the - companionship was™ limited .to *Hi, Molona! ” and_ *you, Tommy!™ and Mclon, to all “practical purposes, lost him fovover. I lookod afterward to 8o some signs of sorrow on olons" part, but in vain ; ho buried his griet, if o bind any, somowhere in his one voluminous garmont, L English Sloeping-Carn, ; For the firal time iu tho kistory of tho,country a slooping-var was run on_a Britlsh railway it the month of February, 1873, No one will ba surprised to loarn that the affair was vastly in- forior_to those in such gonoral uso in Amoricn, The London News gives a dcm:rigllou of tha singla car thus far in use; itis 80 foot long about half the luu{;hh of & “Pullman ploopor. One ond in devoted to a 'luggage compartment, the other toan ordinary second-class compart~ ment. Tho part devoted to slooping nreange- monts Is 18 foot in longth, in two saloons, onch &lvlng sccommoilation to, throe passongors, 'hore is ugqmrenfly no partition or onrtaing bes tivoon the bods, g0 that, unlossthoro is n party of throo to take a compartment, one or. mare of the bods must be uuocuuplufi. provjded tha travolara are at all partioular about their sloep« ing companions, ‘I'he most singular thing about this ainglo sleaping-car, ownad by s company thab operates mora than 800 milen of railway iy, that itis I&DG propoeed to run’ it rogularly, bub only whon 1t hias boon spacially Bespolion, ~ It s in- torosting to learn that tho doors of tho car orun in such & way that tho occupant of eithor bad may go oub without stepping over luz\mdy; but $0 do to Lo inobliged to dismount at the foot of his own bod, as the threo matiressos touch each other at tho side and flll up the whole apaco bes tween tho sides of tho car,