Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 21, 1873, Page 4

4 TTE CHICAGO: DAILY TRIBUN B: FRIDAY, MARCH 21, 1874 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TRRMA OF SUBACRIPTION ("A:‘A“LI 1IN ADVANOR). o Bunday,. ol PaRodien ooy xit Parta ol a yoar at the samo rato. " ‘T'o prevont dolay and mistakes, be suro l‘nfl {lvb Post OMca addren o fll, noludlog Biatesnd Conaty. Remittances may bo mado olther Ly dralt, 0xpross, ik, rdor, ot In rogistorod lottors, nb out rl el TERMS TO CITY SUDSCNIUERB. centod, 25 conts nee wook, Bally: doliverady Bundny Saciuded, 0 conte bor wook, i TIIE TRIBUNK COMPANY, Addrcnal:".' Madtuon and Doarborn: Ohleago, 1. e CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S TRIBUNE. FIRST PAGE—WashinglonNows: Tho Osldwoll Oasot ¥ AppropHations Mudo by tho Last Oongross—Now York Dispatyhos--Miscollanoonn Tolograun—Advor- tisomeuts, BROOND PAGRE—Wisoonain Lottor—Naw Publioations— Pilo Nono an Amoriea—Tho Oar-Hook Murderur—Do- structiva Firos—ardou's Play of Unclo Sam—A Phil- adolphin Tragody—The Farmors, TIIRD PAGE—Washington Lotter—Ionvy Dry Gouds Robbory—Tho Law Oourta—Our Kaposition—Tho ity in Briot—Poraonal—Advoriisomonts. FOURTIL PAGE~Tditarinla: Gollection of City Tazes; ‘Tho Tudlofary of Illinols; Gon. Dix on Ixocutly! Clomency; Proposod Ohangos in tho Now York Con- stitition; The Law of Contompts—Curront Nows Itoma, FIFTH PAGE—Legislative Dolngs nt Springflold—Notes and® Opinton—Markots by 7Tologeaph~Advortiso- monta. 3 SIXTH PAGE-—Monetary and Commoroial—Railroad Time-Tablo—Adsortisomonts. BEVENTH PAGE—Iluhnomnnn Modloal Collogo Com. moncoment—Smatl Advortisomonts: Real Xstato, To Rent, For Balo, Wanted, Hoarding, Lodgivg, . Eta, EIGHTII PAGE—Forclgn Nows—Stato Legislaturos— Miacollancous Tolegrams—Advortisonients, TO'DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. M'VIOKER'S THEATRE—Madison stroet, bobwoon Btate ond Doarborn. Engagoment of Idwin Booth, **Jgllus Crosar. i HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSK—Randolph stroot, bo- twocn Olark and Laffalle, **Porll; or, Loso al Long Branch." ACADEMY ' OI' MUSIC—Ialsted stroot, south of Madlson. Lydia Thompson Troups, **Bine Beard,” MYERS' OPERA HOUSE—Monroo atreot, botwoon Stuto and Doarborn, Arlington, Cotton & Keniblo's Minstrel and Burlosquo Troupo, NIXON'S AMPHITHEATRE ~—Olinton, bstwoon Waahington and Randoldh strosts, Wildor & Col's Nattonal Ciraus, ROVAL HAVANA LOTTERY—WIIOLE TICKET, I 000 Damore, 10 Wanlat S B, Hoxdiss, How York. The Chicage Tribune, Fridey WMorning, March 21, 1873. SIXTEEN PAGES. Owing to tho pressure of advertiacments, tho Bunday edition of Tz Tnnoe will bo increascd to sixtoen pages, Religlous and church nnnouncomenta {ntended for thnt fesuo siould bo sent in to-dsy (Friday), In or- dor thot they may ‘bo given thelr proper place in the Elght-Pago Supplement, To favor comploto classifica- thoro tion, advortisors aro requested to bring their advertisos zcnts (n st tho carlleat possible hour on Baturday. day, passed tho Donnhuo Freight Tariff bill, Military lobbyists are made the subject of gonorel order from the War Doparlment for- bidding any aotive or rotired ofiicor of the army from attempting to influcncoe legivlation by Con- gress concerning military effairs, unloss sum- moned to do 8o by the propor authority. y In the caso of the Halsted streob murder, tho Coronor's jury find Tansoy guilty of tho killing, and recommend that e and five of his comrades bo hold to awnit tho course of the law. “Tunsoy is still at lovge. Tho boy Diwyer, who | snowbalied a man and then killed bim, bas beon acquitted. i Foater's counsel have mado u last and hope- less offort to got a stoy of execution, on the plen that something more was needed from Gov. Dix to satisfy tho formalilios of thelaw. The Judge to whomn the application wny made held that nothing further was due from the Gov- ornor. This was Fostor's lnst resource, and it bas failed him. Ho is to bo hanged to-day. e —e———— The appointment of Gon. . Wobster ay Assistant Tronsuror of the United States ab Chi- cago is, perhape, tho best appointment that Gen. Grant by made ‘sinco his socond insuguration, Gen. Wobator is au excellent raprosontativo of Civil-Sorvico Roform, and wo regrot that po few appointmonts have boon made to illuy™ krate and vindicato the principlo, A man was arrestod in Now Yurk, yosterday, on landing from the Englich stcamor, who is ho- lieved to be Warren, the principal in the forge- rios on the Bauk of Englaud. A largo smount of cnsh was found on him. He had ue bonds with bim, but papers were secized which it is sald revent tho wholo plot, and criminate men of Jigh position in Now York Trespnsa suits by the railronds against pas- sengors who delay trning by rofusing to pay more than throo cents a mile, are now matched by euits ngainst the rnilroads for assnult and battery in cnses where thoy have attomptod to evict such troublesomo customers. Ten dollars damngos voro awerded yenterday, ot Kowaneo, ngaingt o conductor of the Clicago, Burlington & Quinioy Rond who, assisted by two of tho train- oftielals, Lad attempted, but unnuccossfully, to put out of the train amon who rofusod to pay jmore then the legal fare. Workingmen in this Stato .may continue to strike whonover they chooso fo do xo, but they can 1o longer go boyond thiy disposal of their own labor to the nso of thrents and forco to in- fluonco their follows and their employers with- out theroby going boyond the law, Tho Gov- ornor baa given his approval to the onuotmont of the Logislaturo on this subjoct, Xt decluros that for any one to use violonco or iutimidation 2o 1influence the action of employors or omployed in tho adjustment of their industrinl relations I8 o misdomonnor punishablo by o fine of $100, and for any ono to combino with others for such A purpose i a misdomonnor punlshable by €500 . fine or six montby’ Imprisonmont, ‘Tho Chicago produce markoets wore less nolive youtordny, Moss pork was dull and o shade pighor, closlng tame nt 14.60@14.65 cash, aud #14,90 sollor May, Lard was quict and stoady, st $7.85@7,90 per 100 Ihs cash, and €8,05 gollor May. Menats woro dull and nominal, ot 47¢@6c for shouldors, 75{@7){c for shott ribs, Tifo for short oloar, and 10@120 for aweet pickled bama, Lake froights ware active and strong, ut 180 for corn o Buffalo, closing with 180 bid, Iigh- wines wore quict and eaglor, at 80}4@87¢ por gallon. Flowr was dull and stesdy. Wheot was loss aolive, and 1o lower, closing at 81.105¢ cash ; £1,198¢ uoller April, and 81.335¢ noller May. Corn wan lons activo nd o shade easier, closlng at 81){@38)¢o cash, and B88%{c sellor May, Oats _Woro dull and }@3/o lower, olosing at 20@26870 cash, ana 293¢0 wollor May. Rye was quiot and stondy at 81@04340, Batdoy i dull and A, olosiog o T0X @77 tog A bt & losiuk huainess fox thaaltys Noxt yoan " farmers’ standpoint, may bo prosonted. No. 2. Livo hopd woro activo and flrmer, with snlon ot 84.06@0.10, Thoro wns no chango in tho onttlo markot. Bhoop woro in bottor roquost, and pricos worae in huyors' favor. As. the nnomalous continuance of a dofonted Promior at tho Liond of the English Minlstry in duto only to tho auomalous refusal of the Oppo-~ sition to uso the victory thoy had won, the chiof intorest of tho procoodings in tho Iouse of Commona yostordny attachos to tho oxplanations of Mr. Disracll, o suid that ho could not liave got o Ministry into working ordor beforo noxt Inster, aud that when it dld wppear boforo Parlinmont it would have to act on tha Dasts of the financial estimntes of its predoces- gors. Not only would this subject it to tho danger of bolug outvoted almont overy night, but it would have to deal with questions far moro important than the Irish Univorsity bill, —such 08 tho Contral Aslan quostion, or tho Gonova award,—on which bis purty would have had no timo to mature & policy, and might suffor immediato dofent. Tho lack of roatiaint ovor the criminal clunsos I Now York Oity was illustrated by bwo simul- tancous outragos which occurrod on Monday ovoning last. In ono caso, n numbor of thioves oitackéd o man on tho strdot and xob- bLod him; robbed ond - drove 8 man from ono setroct-car, and then assaulted tho ~ passongors of another strect-car. If bad DLoon any cnc-hooks handy, tho Putnam murder might have beon re-onacted. In anothor case, throe drunken ruf- fians agsaultod o man and his wito, stabbed them eovorely, and then ent away nt tho firat two men thoy chanced to moot on tho sidewalk,—nll without provocation. 'There will bo an opportu- nity of domonstrating whother hangiug oxer- cisos any influonce on murderous proponsitios it Toator is hangad to-day, aud Stokes, King, Scan- nell, Breakly, and the othors follow in his foot- stops. At all ovents, the oxporiment is woll worth trying thoroughly, Let murderers hang rogulnrly and promptly for n year or two beforo o final decislon be ronched us to its offccts on tho dangerous olasxos. —— Gon. Butlor docs not soem to be through with the Congrossianal salary grab yot, and if bis Massnchuscits constituonts lave any epprocia- ton of fustico and deconcy, thoy.will nover glvo him an opportunity to forgot his prominont part in tho transaction. It is reported that hia 1oply ton complaining constituont was tho roturn of threo conts an his shero of the exira tax that tho biH has oceasioned. It was fully as impudent as it wau intonded tobe, butit was also a virtual acknowledgment of the injustico of the Inw, and that overy ono of his constituonts, and overy citizon of tho Unitod States, had boon robbed of this much money,—or af loast that Butler so regards it. The amount in each individunl caso, whethor Inrgo or small, has no bearing upon the prineiplo involyed. Butler may do some good, in his usual way, lowever, "by exporing somo of the Congressmen who worked for tho pussago of the bill, and aro now endeavoring to shicld thomselves from the indignation of their constitucuts. Tho truo standard of judgment in this caso is that which Tue Trinuse has nlready announced. The mon who take tho in- cronaed pay for past services avo equally guilty and less manly than thozo who voted for the bill, 5y Mr. 8. M. Smith, Socrotary of the Tllinois Far- mers' Associntion, has jssued an addresa ealling a Btato Couvention of Farmers, to Lo hold st Springfiold, April 2. Tho object of 'tho onll is stated to bo to give tho Legislaturo und Govorn- or to understand that * wo mean bueiness." Mr. Bmith states that the recent meoting of railroad oflleinls atSpringfleld * means minchiof tous,” and that its effect uat Le countorncted, Tho pres- out attitudo of the Logislaturo is roported to bo unfavorable, Bomething moro must bo done. Whnt this something iy, Mr. Bmith does not state. It is quite corlain that thero is now on tho statute Dook as many laws 0y can bo onforeed, if not more, The laws which aro now maturing at Springtleld are wise, in 8o far as thoy scel to mako oxisting Inws onforce- ablo. Ar. Smith scoms to bo a fanatical, though Lonest, advoeato of tho oxtremest measures which cau bo dovised—such, for Instanco, s up- gotting tho Supremo Court on necount of a do- cision which was really in the intorest of tho farmers, and which pul the flrst cheok upon tho railroads thoy havo over received. Novertlicloss, tho proposed Springtiold Convention Is ontirely proper, and, whilo it is not likely to throw now light on (ko railroad problem, we hopo it will bo woll attendod, and that tho whole case, from the COLLECTION OF Ci'Y TAXE3-JOUSE BILL 300, Those who oppose Ilouse bill No. 30, for tho asicensment and collection of clty taxes, nllezo that it will inconvonionco tax-payors to sotilo thelr municipal taxes at n different tino from | that of tholr Stato nnd county taxes, and that it will porpatuato tho oxponse of malutaining extra muchinory for tho colleotion of tnxos, which might bo abolished, Tho lnut of theso objections ig"fanciful, and not real. Tha commissions that amust Lo paid undor tho Genoral Rovenuoe law to the Town Colloctors amount to far moro than tha cost of colleetion under tho municipal ma- chinery. © The smount upproprinted by tho Council for the assossmont and collaction of tho taxon of 1871 waa £48,000, T'ho sum colleoted by the City Collector of tho tnxes of 1871, includ- ing offsots for robates, was £3,140,000, Tho Genoral Rovonue law gives thio Town Colloctors 2 por cont commission on all they eolleot. ‘Two por ¢ent on 2,140,000 would boe $42,800. Tho to- tnl exponso of assosemont and colloction by the city ofticers was, us stated, £43,000. Whoro, then, would have been tho saving of expenso if the city asgosement and colloction departmonts woro discontinued 7 Dut last yom's faxes,—wo roforto those of 1871,—woro exceedingly light—only ton mills on tho dollur, aud o robato of the taxes on the prop-' orty destroyed by firo. The city taxes for 1872 amount to £4,260,000, and horenflor cannot bo loss than four and n Dalf millions, as tho canal- len aid-money will s0on bo oxhauatod, 1t is o sufo eutimato that, under Housoe bill No, 10, tho City QCollector will colloot at lonst £8,500,000, Two porcont commission on this sum would bo 70,000, which the Cown Collogt- ors wonld take ag toll it they collected tho city with the Btato taxes, wheroas tho wholo cost of the City Assessor's aud Colloctor’s ofiicos for 1872-8 waa ns follows : Asscasor’s ofMco, Colleotor's otlico, Total expens eensennieny 1,078 Thus showing that the city would loso ovor #28,000 in the collootion of tho taxes of 1872 it the work woro done by the 2 por cout Town Col- leotors. Tt would bo a nice, fat thing for them, 17,816 24860 L the olty would loso still moro, na tho nmount to bo collected will bo Iarger, Thon thoro in anothor matter that In ovor- looked by tho opponents of Houso bill No. 800. The ofico of Oity Collector oantiot bo sholishod oven aflor the colleation of proporty. taxos shall bo turned over to the Town Collectars, bocauso tho officor munt bo rotainod under tho charter for tho collection of liconses of all kinds, and of il special asrossments, ag provided by the mendmont to tha chartors of all citios, passed April 10, 1872, ‘This smondment, baing Atticle IX. of tho net to provido for the incorporation of oities and villagen, docs not roquiro thnt specinl nssessmonts shall: bo collooted with othor taxos onco o year, but nuthorizes tho colloction at any period of tho yenr. But Bill 300 corrects this orror, and makos all spocial nescasmonta collect oble once n year, with othor city taxes. This provislon alono should commond the bill to pub~ lie favor. But tho coot of collection of taxoes i not the worst difliculty in tho way, Who chartor of Chi~ cugo lmits the nggrogato per cont of (naxation forall municipal purposes to 24 millson tho doliar of nssossed value. This way intondod toboon tho fair cash valuation tobo made by city authoritien, which is botwoen threo and four timos ag' high as that mndo’ by tho State. Tho Slato valuation of proportyis notoriously toss than 25 per cent of ronl valuo; in many countlos it 18 not 20 por cont; farms worth $40 to &60 por acre are assezsed ab 37 to €10 por nero, and #0 of othor proporty. And whilo the swindling Roilroad *‘grab-law,” prssed in 1869, ro- malug o law, tho forty-odd counties, ine cluding Coolt, which ore not mortgnged to subsidizo railronds, dare not inoronse thoir roln- tivo valuntion, becouso to do so would roll on {them nu undue part of thoe burdon of supporting tho State Governmont. Tor oxample, tho whole Btato nsscaumont s only £500,000,000, of which Cook County is one-sixih. Suppozo the proporty of Cool County wore nsgosncd at n Jull cash valua of way $800,000,000 ; tho result would bo that this county would be saddled with one-halt tho total expenso of supporting tho Stato Gov- ornguont, including tho millions appropriated for pliblic buildinge, including tho now Btato-House, and for supportiug (ho costly charitablo and pennl institutions, which aro becom- ing fearful lecebos on tho bodys politic. It iu, thorofore, out of the quostion that Cook County nlono shall adopta full cash valuation for purpozes of Stato and loeal taxation whilo tho grab-law for the benoflt of subsidized rail- ronds contiuucs on tho atelutes, As beforo statod, the Chieago chartor fixen tho por cont that may bo levied for each soparalo municlpal putpose, tho aggregate of which is 24 mills, But 24 mills on tho Btato valuation is uttarly insufficiont for the support of the City Govornment, ‘Twenty-four mills on the State valuntion of this city, which in £80,000,000, would yield €1,920,000; wherens tho approprintions made lest June, for tho year 1872, by the Common Council, to bo ruised by tax- nlion, wan £4,260,000. Iow wus it pos- sible to rnine this sum on o 2tmill tax on tho Blate valuation 2 How will it bo pos- nible, next year, to raize four and a hulf millions of revonuo with o 24-mill {ax on the Siato valu- tion 2 Will thono nowspapors which aro fight~ ing Houso bill No. 800 be good onough to rise and explain how the Cily Govorument is to bo Currled v Loronftor on & 24-ill tax on tho fie- titious Stnto valuation? Buchn fax would boleos thau 8 mills on (Lo sctuwl valuation, Do thoy supposie tho Governmons of Lhis city can bo supported on un B-mill tax ? The intercst of tho city Louded dobt alone roquires 3)¢ mills on o full cash valuation. The public gchools, includ- ing now gchool-house, require o, much more ; tha etreot-lamps consume 13¢ mills, Theso thrco items;alone require moromoney than can poesibly bo raisod with n 24-mill tax on the Stato 'valun_ tion. Butwhy eannot tho chartor limitations ho repoaled o that tho percentage of tazation may conform to tho necessities of the City Govern™ mont, and thoroby obviato the necoesity of tho pas- &ngo of Dill 5007 Tho unswor is, that tho Legisla- ture rofusen to repeal thom. ‘ThoJoint DMunicipal Committes of tho Sonato and Houso had that question beforo them some six or cight wooks 2go, and, after a foll digenssion of the question in all 1its bonrings, by an slmost uusnimous vote rofuaed to voport a bill to cithor Houso réporling tho chinrtor limitations on city taxution. Only ono mombor of the Joint Committeo favored tho ropeal © of ilo limitations. It was held Ly tho Conunittco that it would bo dengorous to tho tax-payers of tho hundred citics of the Btete, lavgo and small, including Chieago, ‘to givo tho Cily Councils unlimitod power of taxation; but that tho restrictions contained in their chartors must stond. Whon this detormination wes arrived ui, thore was no otlior caurso latt open but to pass Mousobill 800, 13 there ara porhaps fifty other eitics in the namo dilommn a8 Chicngo unloss it fs puseed. Thore- fora it was ihat the bill passed tho Houso by tho almost unanimous voto of yens, 116; unys, 3. Wo cull on those nowepapors which aro op- posing DBill 30 to tell tholr readers how tho Governmont of this city i3 to bo maintained horeaftor if that bill, or somo one oquivalont to it, is not onucted? Wo shull not eceopt Buch rubbish and nongonso s they havo beon putting forth, as * Colleet tho clly taxes undor tho Btute machinory," as a sufiicient explanntion, Thoy maugt flrsb oxplain how it can possibly bo dono uo long a8 tho vharter tax-limilationy nro ro- tatnod, and all the countion contlnuo to rssosy thelr proporty for taxation at only one-quartor of ils cash valuo, THE LAW OF CONTEMPTS, Tho Legislature of Ilinols hay had soveral warm dobrtos upon the subjoct of tho power of conrty to punish contempts, So far, nothing Ling beon done, aud it is posuiblo that the failure to tako any notion Is duo to tho character of tho propositions offered. Atcommon luw, tho power to punish for contompt is inhorout in all courty., Evcnw]mroulntutouoxlst,umyrucugnlznumpaw- orof thocourt ratlior than conforit, At common law, howaver, tho courta have full discrotion to dotermino whatls & contompt, and statutory liml- tations have boon onacted moro with roforongo to thiy diserotion than to tho power to Punish, such power being necessory for tho broteetion of courts, Bomo ffty yoars ago thoro was g vory ablo Judgo in tho United Statos Distriot Court for Missourl who was, howover, of an irageiblo tompor, 1o was quiok to take offonso, and prompt to punish it. o oxcrclsod the common law powors of dofining what way con. tompt, and of preseriblng tho punishmont, To uch oxtromos did ho enrry this that at Iagt ho was imponohed for tyrennical bohavior and triod Ly tho Bonato. Ono of his dofonses was, that at common Inw his disoretion was unlimited, ang, thoreforo, ho hiad nover oxcoedod his suthority, Tho rosult of that trial induced Congross, in 1881, to onaat that s to fenua ttackmonts aud fnflict summary punisbmonta for contompt of courta ohall not bo construted Lo oxtond t0 nny casen oxcopt tho misboliavior of Auy peraon or porsonn in the prosenco of tho anld courts, or 80 noar tharoto as Lo obtritct tha ndmintateation of Juntico, tho ‘miabehiavior of any of tho officors of tho ssid courta i their offcial transactions, und the disubedlence or ro- sistanca by any officors of tho sald courts, party, juror, wltucas, or any oflicr povaon o porsoie, to any lswfal writ, proceas, order, rule, docroe, or commuud of tho sald court, For'forty yonrs thla hns boon the law of con tompta intho Unitod Blates Courts, aud thono tribunals have nover had any difileulty in main- taining tholr authority and dignity. If tho Log- falaturo of Illinola thinks tho time hny como for substituting o slatute for the common law of contompts, nothing bettor can bo dovived than tho act of Congrosn of 1831 dofining contempts in tho Fedoral Qourts, Wo aro suro no Judgo of tho Buprome. or othor State Courts bas any do- uiro tohave or exorciso tho unlimitod common Inw powor of contempts, and thoe enaciment in thin Stato of the law of Jongress would be natis- faclory to overy Judgo of tho Blato Courta. There is aulso tho ndvantago ond pro- pricty of having uniformity in tho law of contompt of court in all tho courts of tho Siato, Fodoral and ‘local. What constilutos a contompt Dbolug thon le- golly dofined, no euch mot can be com= mitted without o knowledgo of tho law, and, bo- ing committed with such knowlodge, and will~ fully, thoro ‘ean bo no objection to its prompt and sovoro punlshmont. GOV. DIX ON EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY. ho lottor which Gov. Dix, of Now York, ro- contly sddrogeod to the Rov. Stophen H. Tyng, D. D., sotiing forth tho rensons why ho declines to commuto tho sontonco of death in tho cago of TFoster, the ocar-hook murderor, s an ablo and conciso roviow of tho ciroumstnnees of tho caso, and presents his rensons, with the rulings and judgmonta of tho courts, in such a broad and comprehonsivo mannor, that their applization is not confined to tho Fostor case. Gov. Dix do- parted from tho usual custom in nddressing hin lottor to Dr. Tyng, bocauso tho Iatter was tho firat to npply to Gov. Hoffman and himaolf for the commutation, and bocsuso Lo lind boon Fos- tor's early spiritual advisor, The Governor commoncos his lettor with cloar aud oxplicit statoment of tho circimstancos of tho caso and the considerations which led him to his conclusions. The firat point whiok he makes is that Fostor, after Mr. Patnam's remon- strauco with him for insulting tho Indios who wore in bis charge, said to him: *Woell, I am going s fur ags you go, and boforo you lonve this car I will givo you hell.” This romark plainly showed tho dotormination which was formed without sny provocation on tho part of Mr, Pulnam. The socond point which the Govornor msakes shows that tho deed was not tho result of a suddon act of pas- sion, but wag promoditatedly desizned, insa- much as tho car passed from Twonty-ninth to Torty-nixth streot, about throo-quarters of s mile, boforo he struck (ho fatel blow. The thivd point, inconnection with tho dzed itsalf, is tho fact that Toster solected the car-hook, an in- strument with which ho was familiar, having beon o ear-conductor himsolf, in apito of tho remonstrances of tho driver, This woapon was an iron rod, more than two feot in longth, laving at ono end a doublo voil of fron from an inch and a quarter to an ineh andn half in cireumforonce, which wae capnble, in tho handy of . men..of uramory strongth, without, any extraordinary offort, of fracturing tho skullat every blow. Thoso points, thereforo, entiufactorily demonstrato that Foator had no provocation whatover to commit tho doud, that o was not netusted by any sudden impulse, and that ho solacted n weapon for tho commisaion of tho doed which ho Lucw to bo a deadly one, Taving roviowed tho circumatancos surround- ing tho commisalon of tho murder, tho Govornor thou briefly but suceinctly statos tho aspeets ot tho cage whilo it waa pending in the conrts, and shows that Fostor, huving beou convictod upon the ovidonco of murder in the first dogreo, nnd thoaction of the Judge boforo whom ho was triod laving beon efirmed by tho two judicial tribunals having cognizanco of tho ease,—tho lutter tho court of Inst resort,—all tho romodios for contosting the rulings of tho Judgp in the lowor court Lave boon exhausted. Tho wholo question, thoroforo, is loft with 1o othor ayonune of hopo sxeopt in the interposition of the Exoc- utivo to commuto tho penalty which tno law hag pronounced to imprisonment for life, The Governor thou twns to the influencos which have beon brought to bear upon kim to olfect tho commutation, and thoso ho oxuminea in tho most oxhaustive mannor, Tho most im- portant of theso wore the cx-parte nfiidavits aud vritton statoments of jurors who joined in tho vordict againgé Fostor, {o tho offect that thoy ‘would not havo agreed upon o yonllut of murdor, involving tho ponalty of doath, it thoy hnd not supposed that such o vordict, accompanied with a recommondation to moroy, would havo insurod o commutation. Aftor slluding with some surprise to tho fact that tho jurors should ' have allowed two yoars to olapse beforo they mado their opinions publio, Gov. Dix disposos of” thoir nfiidavits and stato- monts in the closost aud most.convineing man-. nor possiblo. Ho flrut whows that it is o sottlod prineiplo in Now York Btato thab ex-parte ol duvity, or utatomonts by Jurors Iwposching tho vordictu thoy have rondered undor tho responsi- bility of tholr oaths, caunot bo recoived by tho courts In support of upplications for now tulals, Homo of Lhe rousons which govorn courts ho thilulsy should govorn the lixecutivo iu applios- tions for commutation. : With rogurd to tho appoeals of counsel and cit- Izous, tho Govornor sutmmarlly disposes of thom with tho statement that ho'ls firmly couvincod thore wus uo error in tho rulings of Inw, in (he ovidonco, or in tho fluding of tha jury, and, thoreforo, (hat thero is nothing in tho case which commonds it to Executivo olomonoy, 'ho flvm rofusal of Gov, Dix to placo himsel? abovo tho law and sot asido the Judgmont of tho nighost Judicinl tribunsls of tha Stato, theroby romoving the barriors which tho law hag sot up for tho protoction of vocioty against criminaly, is wortliy of tho highost commendation, It arguos & dotormiuation on his part to enforco tho ponulties which tho law hins provided for the punishment of murdor, and’ that ho e guided nnd whore no orrors exiat in his caao, that ho muat oxpoct to pay tho ponnlty of the law ho hina violated. It iu, nlso, nu onorgotio protost against that nonthuontal class In overy commnnlty whose sympathiles aro always sronsed for mur- dororn, ospeclully if tholr family antocodents hinp- pon to have beon respoetablo, aa in the caso of Fonlor. It shows that Now York hny got a Gov- ornor who Iy not afrald to do his duty, and who onnnot bo sworved from it by any falsa notions of sontiment or unhoalthy influoncos of sympn~ thy. 1Ifis deelsion will make poopla breatho more freoly undor tho amsuranco that tho laws will bo onforcod, and that thoy aro uot hencoforwerd to ho porvorted by any mistakon idons of clemoney, to o to operato ngainat tho publie safoty and furnish additional incentives to orimo. In tho closing prragraph of hin lottor, Cov. Dix sums up his detormina- tion in words which should form the rule of setion with overy Btate Exceutivo in the coun- try. Hosaya: I doem it duo to the good ordor of socloty to uay that, 60 far na doponds on mo, tho supromacy of the law will bo inflexibly main- tainad, and that overy man whostrilees & murder- oun blow nt tho life of his fellow miust bo made to fool that his own f8 in cortain poril. If wo con- not, by firmness of purposs, attain this ond, wo may soon be forcad to ncknowledge tho disheart- oning truth that thore is nothing go oheap or a0 ill-protected as human lifo.” TIIE JUDICIARY OF ILLINCIS3, Tho now Constitution provides that, at the sosslon of tho Legislature preceding the first Monday in June, 1878, the Stato, outsido of Qook County, should bo divided into Judietal Dis- tricts hoving o8 uenr 100,000 population oach as might bo; and that, on tho firat Monday in June, 1878, ono Judgo should ba clocted In cach circuit, Tho Legislnturo lina comploted this apporiion- ment, eud wo publish the namos of the countion composing oach of tho mow circuits, with the numos of tho presont Judgos rosding in each, It will be scon that, by tho new srrango- mont, Judges Turnor and Dangs, of the pres- ont Twonty-first and Twenty-third Circuits, aro fu tho now Twelfth; that Judgos Decius and Canby, of tho old Fourth and Twently-0fth, aro in tho now Twenty-third ; and that Judges Duft and Crawford, of tho old 'Chirdand Twonty-sixtl, aro in the now Twonty-fifth Circuit. On tho samo day that those twonty-six Cir- cult Judzes are to bo electod, thorois to bo oloctod one Justico of the Suprome Court in tho I'ifth District, Judgo Lunwronce’s term ox- piring. 'The district is compoeed of tho Coun- tios of Xnox, Warron, Ilenderson, Morcer, Honry, Stiark, Pooris, Marshall, Puinom, Bu- renu, LaSalle, Grundy, and Woodford. Tho following is the new arrangemont of tho Judicinl Circuitar Coutizs compastny the No. _ new Juddeial eireutls, 1. Jo Daviesk, Stophanson, Winnebn 4. Boons, Metfonry, Lakc, Deltall 4. Whitcslde, Garroll, Ogle, Lee Present Judges and old circui, 4. Kaue, Kendall, DaXaga, . “Wilcox (). 5. Rock Talund, Morcer, leury. Pleneante( ), 6. LaSally, Bureau, \Loland (). 7. Will, Gruudy, "McRtoberti(11) 8. Kuoy, Warren, Bmith (10), 9. Peorla, Blork Topleiuss (16}, 10. Ade:nd, Tan itloy (13), 11. Fulton, Sehuylor, MeDonougl, Brown, Piko . 12, dferd, Marehall, 13, 14, Tuzowell, Woo 16, Varmilion, i ) toclo (27), 10, Macon, Ghisiapaign, alinglior (17). 17. Logun, DeWitl, Mukon, Meunrd, 18, Morgan, Casy, Calb Greo Sentt, Torvoy Nangamiou, du Shetby, Moutgomery, Fayette. .o sy, L, e Crewford, Tichland, a1y 22, b 8t Glair, Madison, Don Clinton, ' Monror, Raud tngton, Marlon, Torry . 24, JefYerson, Woyne, Hamnlit Ldwards, Nabaily Gallat a5, Saline, Wiitamson, Unfon, Frantiin, .. TUCKHOD +vrenveeneees " fCrawford(s) i 1Duff (2). Alexender, Ifardin, Pope, Jchinson, i R e +-Bakor (10). i o canms “Pollock (19). 28, THE ENGLISH COAL SUPPLY, Among the great probloms which aro crowding themsolves upon tho Lnglish Government and peoplo, such as the Central Asian supromncy, Irigh University education, lnwecourt reform, tho ponding political complieation, aud the labor strilos in Bouth Wules, thero is not one eo im- portant, so diflicult of eolution, or that foreshad- ows such grave and lasting consequoncew, as the quostion of tho supply of ool Bome yeers ago thiy question wan disensoed in Puarlismont, and o motivn was mado to prohiit tho oxportation of" conl from England. The proposition, howover, was rojccted, ao being opposad to cor- roct economic prineiples, bub the stealthy ad- vatco in tho prico of coal s rovived tho ngitn- tion and the anxiety. Tho statistics and figures counceted with tho coal famine have brought it beforo tha oyos of the English poople, not ay an industrial theory or supposition, but asan alarm- ing fact. Tho best and most reliablo estimates now show that the English coal-flelds can only supply 60,000 millions of tons more, aud that thia total product is now boing used up at the rato of 110,000,000 tona o yoar, This consump- tion furthermoro involvos a eheor westo of 1,000,000 tons, or, in othor words, tho same amount of worl whick s accomplished with 110,000,000 tons por annumn might be accom- plished with 80,000,000 tons, while, at the samo time, tho annual incronso in consumption has, for somo yoars past boou an average of 8,000,000 tons por unum. At this rato of incronso, it is ostimntod that the industrial resourcos will bo oxhausted In 120 yoara from this timo, ns(t1s not belioved that moro than 40,000 milliow tons are sufilciontly accossiblo or of sufliciontly good quality to cunblo Englandto maintain hor pres- ont industinl officioncy, Monnwhilo the price of conl has edvancod $2 por ton, which, it is catimated, is tho oquivalont of an incronse of taxation to Lho amount of 220,000,000 annually, snd yot the diminution of production is only ostimated ot about 6 por cont, Buch alnrming faots Ra those may woll cause constornation in Bngland, and it is not romark- ablo that tho Houso of Commous hns appointed a committeo to invostigate the wholo matter, and that somo of the more anxlous cconomists are urging tho Government to solze tho coal-flelds, a4 the finul monsuro of public snfety, o as to more thoroughly stop the largo wasto of coal in the manufacturing dlstricts,—which consume about threo-fourths of tho entire product por an- num. This, howovor, would not solve the prob- lom, 1t might put off tho oxliaustion of the coal In his deolsions by a rogard for the publio safo- ty and not by any tondoer-hoarted sontimentality, Tho commutatlon of Fostor would, of nocessity, have involved tho comwmutation of every mur- dorer in tho Tombs, for whore one roason conld bo urged in Fostor's Lohalf & dozen could be urged for thom. Thoro was no provocation whatevor in the cago of Foator, whilo in the case of evory other murderor in the Tombs thero way atloast & show of provocation, The sotlon of Qov, Dix fs, thorefore, a notlfieation to evory o nowes f tho seVera} coucla fof tip Ualled Biatos | snurdorex in that State who has hean conviolod. product for ashiort timo, but it couldnot materially affect the prico of copl, The timo belug known whon tho production must cease, tho prico must gradually rlso from yonr to yoar, and, long botoare the coal glvos out, pricos must rench such a figure that manufacturing must ceaso to bo profitablo from shoor {nabllity of the manufac- turaory to compote with thoso of other countrios. TImportation {s out of tho question, a8 manufac~ turera could not pay tho cost of trausportation, added to tho cost of coal, and place their goods #ud Yiaes in tho parkols of tha warld by tha | sldo of othor manufroturers. Tho oxhauation ot conl must prove a fatnl blow to the industrinl rogourcos of Eungland, and tho decline of tho lalter o tontamoumy to the do- clino . of tho country, Mnnufacturing onco stopped, or worlouely affoctod, capita must go abrond for Investmotit and Iahor for em- ploymont. 'Tnxation and tha Inability of the crowded country to support its population, must lead to dopopulation. lor earrying trado would probably remain, as the steamors of all nations aro compolled to procurs ono-half their coal at .the ports whero they exchango their froights, "Thoro Is but one avonto of csespo from this portentous dangor, and that alao In puroly prob- lomatical, Soienco mny yot discover somo sub- atitute for conl, which will bo cheaper, and o the pgamo timo Inexbountible and capablo of producing & groator amount of heat than coal. 'Tho prospocts, howovor, of such an- event are not direolly encournging, Belonco has boen nt worle for many yonrs scok- ing to find thin substituto, but to-day we have virtually no fuel but coal and wood, and these oro disrpponring ot 60 rapid a rato that all Bue Topo must, noonor or later, find itself in tho camo Plight as England, Franco and Bolgium are consuming cosl at an alarmingly rapid rate, nnd what {s truo of cosl in thoso countrios Ia true of wood fn Russin, whoro the foresta aro rapidly disnppearing and no coel can bo found, Potro- loum has boon oxporimented with, and anewors well a8 fuol, but its supply is too precarious to tako tho placo of conl or wood. Poat is oqually uncortain. Corn makes an oxcollont fuel and gives out an intonso degroo of hoat, but 1t cannot bo generally utilized for fuel, It is pos- siblo that sclonco may yeb soparate the com- bustiblo clomonta of air and wator so that they can take the plnco of coal, and some oncourag- ing oxperiments Linve alroady beon mede with water and superheated stesm in producing heat, although the production involves tho uso of conl. Tho only practical conrao loft for Eng- Iand goems to bo to stop the wasto of coal, and, by tho practico of rigid ©oconomy, make tho sup- Ply Iast as long as posiblo, until somo substi- tute s discovered, tho proapecta for which, it must be confossed, aro not yet very oncouraging. PROPOSED CAANGES THE NEW YORK CONSTITUTION, “Tho reforms which woro inaugurated by tho last Constitutlonal Convontion in this Stato ara spreeding their influenco upon tho peoplo of othor Btates, and aro likely to bo incorporated, in part or altogother, intho xovised Constitutions of Now York, Ponnsylvanis, and Indiuna, Now York liold o Constitutional Convention in 1807, butits deliberations wore governed by, party projudices to such an oxtont that the instrument, a8 o wholo, was rojected by tho poople, the judi- clary articlo alone, which was scparately submit- ted, having been accoptod. As the necossity for changes was overywhere acknowledged, and a8 it was ovident that o now convontion could not bo formed without the mamo objec- tions s bofore, Gov. Hoffman recom- monded a smaller body of picked mon to suggost amendments, and tho Logislaturo conforred up- on him the duthority to make tho sppointments. Tho Commisslon was appointed, commenced its ecusions last Docomber, and has just mado its ro- port to tho Legislnturo, Tho Now York Commission have ndopted sov- eral of tho more important provisions of the now Conetitution of Illinols, notably tho following * 4 gonuml probibition of special logislation’ copying verbatim the list of cages thus dobarred which the Ilinois Coustitution conteing, oxcopt in rogard to divorces. Tho divoreo laws of tho two Blatos are so difforont that this probibition was not rogarded as necessary in New York, Dosides the probibited casos thus distinctly enumerated, tho Loglslature is roquired to pass can-bo introduced aftor sixty doys from tho commoucomont of tho session without the ro- corded asscnt of threo-fourtha of all tho mer- bora of tho Legiclature. Anothor valuablo im- portation from tho Illiuoia Constitution is that which forbida any connty, city, villago, and town from lonning or giving its money or credit to any individuel, assoclation, or corporation, and from becoming, dircotly or indiractly, tho ownor of any stock or bonds in any corporation, Tho county, eity, town, and villago govornmonts aro also probibited from incurring dobt for any othor than colmty, city, town, or_villago pur- poses. The Commission soems to bave nog- coted oun equally valuable provision of tho Tllinols Constitution, in failing to limit county and town indebtednoss each to b por-cont of the valuation of its taxablo proporty. Another feature incorporated in the proposed amondmonts is the Tllincis oath of oflles, requiring the membors of tha Legislaturo, and all officors, oxccutive and judicial, to swoar that thoy * have not dirvctly or indiroetly paid, offered, or pronueed to pay, contributed, offored, or promised to contribute, any money or other valuable thing ns o considoration or roward for giving or withholding a voto " at the cloction at which they were chioson. As in the Iilinols Constltution, too, the pessago of any messuro roquires & majority of all tho mombors of tho Logislature olectod, and ovor & veto two-thirds of all oloctod, instoad of o majority of two-thirds of & quornm. An ontirely new and valuable proposition fs introduced governiug tho manner of olacting Btato Senators, Tho State ia divided into eight Bonatorinl Districts instead of thirty-two. Four Benators aro to bo elected in ench district at tho first olection aftor tho adoption of the amend- monts, At each subsoquont anmual clection ono Senator Is tobo chosen, one of the serving Senators going out according to classification. tho spoclal advantsgo would bo in retaining a majority of mon of experience in the Sonate all the timo, There would also bo gome- thing gained in J.mvlng & larger district from which to” folect. No provision is medo for the Minority Reprosentation plan of votlog, and tho membors of the Iouso are to bo eleotod by singlo districts on tho old plan. Bome othor valuablo provisions are rocommonded for tho loglalative proccodings. Tho Govornor may veto ainglo ftoms of an appropriation bill with- out dofoating tho rest of tho bill. No local bill can portain to moro than one subjoct, and this must bo clearly stated in tho title. It roquiros threo-fiftha of tho members eloctod to Loth Tlouscs to pass o tax-blll. No change has heon mado {n tho judiclal syatom (it laving boon de- oldod thnt the amendmont of 1887 was sullictout), oxcept that, in cltios of leas than 800,000 inhabl tauts, the Judges of courts that aro not courts of record shall bo appointed by tho Governor and confirmed by tho Bouato, Tho most {mportant rocommendation for the Oity of Now York 18 that which provides that | of all the Aldormon olectod. plan. Tho ndoption of this proponed nmend mont would dofont the partisan chartor which has beon proposod for tho governmont ot Now York Uiy, Under tho now and uniform govern~ mont for cltien, tho Mayor nominates, and, with tho dongent. of the Board of Aldormon, appoluts, all tho honds of dopartonts, IIo Las also tho power of removing thous officors for cauno, and 18 gvon o gonoral suporvision of all tho depart~ ments, with power to Investigato thoir ncts, Tho Mayor'a voto can ba ovorrulod ouly by two-thirda A uuique fonture of tho City Goverument fg tho proponed, Board of Audlt, to consist of not lons than five nor moro than eloven mombere, and choson on the gonoral tickot * by auch olactorh thoreof na ohall have paid individunlly, in the yoar provious to tho olaction, n tax on proporty ofliclelly ausessed for taxation at not loss than £250." Thin recog: nizos o proporty qualification for voting on the final Qispooition of tho public monoys, for the assent of this Donrd of Audit is required for overy act Involving tho oxpondituro of mouoy, incurring of debt, and asyonzing of taxes, All city afairs and taxation ro to bo within tho ox- clusive control of tho city, It will bo poen that the Conatitutional Com- migslon hies made sovernl important advances in the way of good goverument, and, if party pur- Poies bo not pormitted to defeat their recom- mondations, tho people, under tho City and Stato Governmonts of Now Yorl, will bo decidedly bot~ tor off than they are now. oS 5 The Now York Tribung complains that o man convisted of pilforing » money-lotter from the mail, tn Chicago, has boen patdoned, and eooks [ to draw public nttontlon to its consoquences, ‘Wo have no moro sympathy with polty crime thau we biave with largo onos, but wo suggost that it is smnll businosn to complain of this par- ticular pardon 10 soon aftor the edjournment of tho Credit Mobilier Congress, and whilo ominent and distinguished statosmon are contonding in tho United States Bonato that successful bribory 18 not o disqualifying offenso, 8o long 04 Son- ators enn Doast that they purchased tholr soats in tho Rommto nt o cost of from £50,000 to 980,000 ench, aud so long as the gonoral Iaws for all other cmses which, | in its judgmont, e be @m0 provided for, and no epecial Dbl in any caso Each Bonator would thus sorve four years, and |, Houso rofusos to oxpol thoso who offored and paid bribos to fta mmembors, rofuses to consuro evon thoso who accopted tho DLribes, it is & small bualness to tall about the egeaps of o man con- victed of taking a fow dollars from tho mails, Ta it not straining ot a guat and swallowing a camol fo bo domanding thataman bo placed ton yesrs in tho penitontiary for stealing ton dollars, and at tho samo timo givo an *ovation * and o public dinnor to tho chiof of a gong that stole thirty-fivo millions of dollars, and with it dobauched the logislation of Oongraesa and tho voracity of its membera ? It has boen but a fow months whon an entire political party cithor do~ manded or applaudod’ the pardon of & person convicted of robbing tho Cityof Philadelphin, tho clection of a Prosident sooming to dopond ou, tho rolonss of this convict. Threo months lator nman convieted of illogal voting and perjury 'was promptly pardoned by tho Prosident, Thera big boon no poraon convioted, during tho last four yoars, of robbing tho United Btates Treage ury, who has not beon pardoned. Why complain of tho escapo of a man convicted of n compara- tively potty offonse, whon three hundred mom- bos of Congroes each took £5,000 from the Pub- lic Troasury without jany wavrant of law othor than their own votes? Public sentimont upon. tho subjoct of crimes against tho United Statos Trensury lns beon debauchod; oven among the roligious closses in Now York there aro found thoso who defraud tho revenuo by falso oatha and forgod invoices, and who, when caught, oxpoct, a8 a matter of right, to oscape punish- mont for the erimo Ly paying tho money baclr, ond aro allowed to go free. The attompted robbery in the Chorponning case, sud the actual fraud upon the Troasury in tho Sccor case, hava beon condoned by tho reappointments of Cres« well and Robeson to tho Cabinet, and the whola Civil Borvice of the country has been advisod that thera is no really dograding crimo that n publio oflicer can conmit, excopt stoaling money out of a lottor, or opposing the re-eloction of tho mom- ber of Congress from his district, Tho Mothodist Prenchors’ Bocioty of Now Yorl, at its last mooting, discussed the quose tidn: “ How can tho publio provs bo mado tribue tary to tho prosperity of Evaugolical Christianis ty#" Thero wore but two of tho brethron whe took part in the disonsslon, and their views wera diametrically opposito. Brothor Thomas hud ng doubt that Satan hed got hold of the public - press, and that it was sorving the dovil to tro- mondous oxtent. Ho suggested that tho min- isters should go to tho editors and roporters, romonstrate with them, and agk them plainly: ¢ How many eouls do you want to demn to all etornity ?” Brother Huven, who followed in the disoussion, thought that tho ministers had better try to make all tho Christians thoy could, aud that tho roligious cditors should try to make better newspapers, boforo any effort was made to convort tho daity papora. It is to bo rogrotted that the mooting adjourned without taking any sction in the promisos, leaving the press in tho hands of un- rogenerato mon, and the oxponent of tho unre- gouerate nund. Tho lato Congress may desorvo public grafi- tude for what they did not do, notwithstanding thoir implied declaration that bribory iano erimeo, and that corruption is no cause for expulsion® Among the jobs which they did not daro to passy in the faco of tho Credit Mobiller oxposure, ay be onumorated the following: : A man in Lakevillo, Mass., namod Bassott,, has boen sentoncad to two yoars’ imprisonment,, for attompting to Lill his mother-in-lay. Tha proverbial odium which has attached to motherg~ in-law will soou be changed to universal sympa~ thy if the viclousuess of sons-in-law roceives no sovorer check than this, Cousidoring tho fact that the mothor-in-law is tho croation of nooos- sity, and that thero iu little chaneo for hor to do- oline tho position in the majority of instances, wo fail to soo why she shiould bo oxposed to por scoution, Granted that sho is far from porfoct, and that she too often fails to mako family mate tord intoroating to tho son-in-law, sho still is hu~ man, and hor lot {s & thankless one, If o young mau takos a wife for botter or worse, ho cortain~ 1y should have no objeotion to taking hor mothor for bottor or worse also, ‘The Erle Invostigation, New Yonx, Maroh 20.—An Erio officlal, in an intorviow, eays that tho logislative investigation will discloso nothiug whicls s not boon nfi‘uudy mxbllahad. E‘intn Liad horotoforo beon sont from bany that this Investigation could bo stopnod the govarnment of citios shall ko pn & nalform | It the Eric pooplo wantod it which s interpro~ $od £ jngan mauay,