Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 7, 1873, Page 2

& i i i Il i i - TEXAS. Dur Relations with the South- west. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas Rail- way., 4 = The Railroad System of Texas. e Southern Route to the Pacific The Rio Grande---Railway Corinections with Mexico.. .77 %] 1t would bo impossibla to place the finger on u portion of the Americad continent g0 inaccess- ible and remote as was Texas in the not distant past, when to *go to Toxas™ was to escape all processes of law and all the forms of "society. Onco thero, the fugitive wasnever inquired after rmore by relatives, creditors, or *law officiaia. W publish in this issue a msp representing tho marvelons railway devolopment of the now ers, —an era just opened for the broad and magnifi- cont Southwest. The work of the engraver saves us columns of description. Its occasion of publication is the nesr approaching event of tho opening. of the Miesonri, Ksnsas & Texas Railway. The breadth of present-- ment . is chosen to show that the connections o Chicago with this grest region are to be mado by more than a singlo ailway line, and that the slready existing and rapidly-extending railway srstem of the Sonthwest is being closely inter- linked with the railroads of - Illinois, and in a short time the Tllinois Central, Chicago & Alton, and Chicago, Burlington & Quincy will 21l be ompeting routes for the fraight and travel that [ certain fo attainalarge bulk snd grow im- smensely with tho development of towns snd gitiesin the ¥astempire so recently a remoto’ coruer of our national domain. Before we speak in detail of the new rpute to be presently openod by an excursion and ovation at Denison, Texss, fet us give the - S TEXAS RAILROAD As at present ‘existing, it includes the follow- tng roads, the distences givon being completed portions now in operation of routes that are Wtimately to be of great length-and wide im- portance : Internetional, .. suston & Great Xoi ribern. Gulf, Western Tolal...., s e 1f the roads ae all built as rapidly s prom- ised, the toial, by the closs of the year, will be 2,000 miles. With this preface, let us present tho detailaof this™ © MISSOURI, EANBAS & TEXAS RAILEOAD, which connects with the Texas- Central at Denison, in Grayeon County, as shown in the cnp, near the Red River, for the first time open- ing tho Western Gulf, region to the ralway sys- tem of the West. . As before stated, as shown on” tie map, the direct eopnection of the M., K. & T. with Chicago ismade with the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy at Moberly, on the Hannibal & St. Joseph Bailrond of Missouri, with the Chicago % Alton (Missouri Division) st Fayette, and with the lstter road aud' the ois Central ap 8t. Touis. Thialast-named place must always be & station of some impprtance on the ‘great route Zetwoen Ohicago and the Southwest, and when 3t has finiehed the great bridge, in 1890, will be 3 convenient place of _transfer, and eligible for through traina. Until then it must gpffer the ferry dissbilities of all small river towns. THE XEOSHO DIVIEION - . was originally orgenized in 1865, by aloésl Direc- tory, conuisting of twenty-three citizens, repro- ‘sonting Davis, Morris, Lyon, Colfax, and Wood- son counties, Kaneas,-and was the first of the 3 pot-work put tnder comstruction by the sent manogement. *Che rosd was_beg ¥ fi7 at Junction City, Ean,, in the valley of the Bmoky Hill, and runs in & southeesterly di- rection to Parsons, Kanges, thenca to Ghetopa, o {hs border-of the Indian Torritory, tance- of 152 miles, which wes in ranaing orderin Jane, | - 1870, - Thia line thagugh too.S1ets of Missonri was i e Stato of ig80ur. pfigim;li;eehmexngi in 1660, under this bamo of The Tebo & Neosho Railroad, and thelinolocated | to Clinton, a distance of- 40’ miles, but nothing +es done during the continuance of the war. At the closs of the war an - effort was made {o con- struct the road, bt resulted ina failure until 1870, whon the charferpassed into the hands of the 3L, E. & T. B. B., and in Ma of the same year work s sommenced on this division, and on the fol- lowing December it waa sl ed to x.;;lttssmg 10 miles, and sho; er ‘was completed t }‘mou, Fanses, mabiog 160 ‘miles from Bedalia. . THE OSAGE DIVISION. S commences at Holden, on the Missourl Pacifie Railway, 63 miles wedt of Sedalis, and termi- nates et Psola, Miami County, Kansss, making 54 milea. It is to be extended to Emporie. THE CHEROKEE AND CHOCTAW DIVISIONS extend from the sonthern border of Kansas to Fod River, the boundary line between the Indian Territory and Texas, 242 miles, where_tho oad is mow in successfal operation. This line ‘passes through the Cherokeo, Creck, Choctaw, and Chickssaw, Indinne’ lands, the . railroad company receiving, by treaty, the right of way 200 foet wide through the Territory, and upon the lands being thrown into market tho railroad i3 to receive each alternate section for 10 ‘miles ‘on cither side of their road, the whole length of tho line. And when it i8 understood that the Territory embraces upward of 60,000,000 acres of Jaud as Anely watered and timbered as gny in tho counurs, and of equal fortility with Ilinois soil, some idea can be formed of the value of the lan: crant, aud also-of the importance that somo de- Cided and immediate action shonld be taken by tho General Goverpment with_reférence to tlie question of allowing 50,000 Tudians to Leep such & 7pst lot of magniticent land entirely ont of tho market, and rendered as useless to the white Deoplo at present as1f it wers the most burron THE OFFICERS p i are Levi_Parsons, of Now York, President ;. Goorge Donison, . Firet Vice-President; R. S, Btovens, General Menagers Frank 8. Becond Vice-President; David® Srawford, Jr., seasurer ;- H. B. Henson, Secretary; Major O. . Guno, of Lawrence, Ren., Chisf Engineer ; . R. Woodard, of Gedalia, General Superin- tondent; - H. D. Mirick, of Sedalia, General Freight Agent ; Thomas Dorwin, St. Louls, Gen- of Sedalia, e 2ral Passenger Agent ; Jas. D. Brown, . General Ticket Agent; P, E. Fairbanks, Auditor of Badalis, Mo.; and Francis 8k P. Morton, J. P. Morgan, Erestns Ci Shephard Gandy, Hezwon A. Johnson, 3. B. inson, of New York, B. 8. Stevens, nnd J. B. Barrett, of Bedalia, and B, P. McDonald, of For Scott, Kansss, Directors. - new, snd, with ono exception (that of omo locomotive), was built and purcliased for tho Toad direct from the menufacturers, The land- grants amount to 5,566,949 acres, 4,121,400 acrea of which are in the Indian Territory. From the facts given, it will b seon that this road has been constructed with unparallcled rapidity. One-half mile of track has been dom- ploted for every working day from the time it was first commenced. All the masoury on tho line ia thio best of its class, All the box-cul- verts are built of the usual class of rubblc-ma- sonry, 1aid dry. All bridge-sbutments are of ‘Dbridge-masonry, well. cut, jointed; and bedded, and generally laid _fo !{nos quicklime mortar, The bridge across Red Hiver bhs two splendid stone piers, All bridgos exceeding 20 feet and less than 60 feet clear span aro of claga known 83 * trugsed-girder _bridges,” by the American, Bridge Company, of Chicago. ¥he others, over. Wul?énfl Fisher Creek, and one over Pryors Créek, are the * Howa attern.” while Red River has the * post-combination.” The track in 1aid with the best Englieh. iron, weighing 56 : pounds per yard, and is ballasted ' in & manner ‘nsual m& estorn roads, while the ties aro principally white burr and pin-oak of & superior ality. =i 3 7 On {hu final completion of the connection at Donisan, it is proposed to have s grand inter- State barbecus, at which will be present repre- gentatives from Kansas, Missouri, and’ Toxas. Tt will take place in's fow days. This spring will see throngh Pullman cars ranning from Clicago to Galveston, and s fall equpmont of freight cars ready for the immense business- to be ned. A few words concerning the tempta- tions Texas offers to those who, either by busi- ness connections or residence there, take a share in her development. i : * Texas has wonderful advantages for becoming one of the wealthicst States in the Union. When sho enf Tnion s a State, she reserved all her public lands totharself, whichare and will be a great source of woalth. ' They- are rich in 0il and mineral. Iron is found hero in various localities and sbundance. Tho western fin of the = State " abounds in" coal o Stato {8 selling glaod land here -Zox 50.0onte pax. Lofcls fix n_fow ~yoans will aavo,. teom with rich harvesta of grain. Tho system |- “of railroads, which form a'complete network in the norghacstern part of the State, will do more to davelop thia State than has beon dovo in halt a century. Emigration is pogring into the Stato from all portions of the Union. ~The people of tho State now ee that the salvation of the Stata Ties in internal improvement, and are using every endeavor to promate it, Tho Texas & Pacific Railroed Construction Compsny, of which ‘Gen. G. M. Dodge, of Iows, is Chief Engincer, are pushing tho roads through with grest vigor, not- Tvithstanding the great dissdvantages they lsbor uuiler ip securing tho necesgary supplies, which .are mostly received = thraugh _Galveston. Chicago merchants haye an interest in this State which, no doubt; they will attand to, now that . commpnication s established by railroad. Chir cago can handle the hides, waol, eattle, and cotton of . Toxss, as well as New Orlonns or Galveston, if sho will but make tho effort. Although the circulation bhas been in Texas mostly specic, the effect of tho Railway Oom- pany in disbursing nesrly a million of dollars monthly—in currency—hss been to bring tho citizons_to favor its uso, and in & fow months “ more gold and silver will be withdrawa entirely from circulation. Let ns.suggest o glimpss of {hia sproading sod magnificent future by arefer- ence 0 r . TFE TEXAS PACIFIO RAILROAD. The mews from San Diego of the transfer of the lands and franchises of tho Gila Railrond to the Texss & Pacific Railroad Company, indi- cates the determination of the projectors of tho Iatter ronte to push thoenterprise to com%ell_on Without farther delay.” Tho Texas & Pacific Railroad is the successor of the Texas & Pacific Company, which was consolidated witli ~tho Southern Travs-Continsntal Company, of Texns, Tho now Company havo purcliased thé Soutborn Pacific Railroad, which latter ia how. open. 70 miles . wost of - Shreveport. The charier provides for {70 branches; one from tho east- ern torminus, near Masshall, on- the east bound- ary of Texas, to New Orleans, 300 milea; kad tho other 100 miles east of San Diego, connecking | with the Bouthern Pacifis of Californin. Tho re- cept traneaction bas_given the Texas Pacific ‘Company $he franchises and grants of the Com- any which a3 _formiod to make the connection tween San Diego snd the esstorn eod of the Texas Pacifio line. The Bouthorn Pacific of - California - will make connection. with the Texas & Pacific, and s also empowered tg conneat with the Atlantic & Pacific. The imp “tance of this enterprise can scarcely be over- estimated. The effect of the increase of frans- continental railrond gecommodstion will bo to enlarge the commares -of the cozst and sountry, _ THE COTNTRY siong the line of the Missouri, Kanses, & Tey- 25 Railway from Sedalis, Mo., to Denison, will surpass sny in the countryof equal distance. From Bodafiu to Carson’s therp is "fnlly 23 much pirie similar in Jooks to that on the Chicago ] '8¢, Louis Railsy. At Fort Scolt *extensivo Soal fields are worked and a_superfine article of this important fuel found, which is shipped 28 Zor porth es Sedalia. The Chief Enginéer, Maj. 0. B. Gunn, Las purchased 2,200 acres’ of _coal MeAlister, fin _the Indian Teritory, «hich is worked and used by the company for their Jocomotives all throngh that country, Traac T. Goodnow, the Land Comimissioner of the Company, located at Noosho Falls, 1,300,000 acres of the best lands in Kansas, an &3 the - goil , raises superior corn, Wheat, osts, andkinds of frnif that flourish in that Iat~ itude, "of comrse it is being ~rapidl 3ettlod, and when the Indian Territory is open settlement, thero' will bp sych a rush for s o R is [ hich Js vetmessded Riveace of rallroad, 42801 2ost of the oad up to March 81, 1673, was 824, 705,100. The receipts for the “ending st fact April wes 61,859,913, Oparati Operaf 5 camo time, S97L073; earnings, G36L,615. The equipment of the 'road consists of 81 passenger mgee.is locomotives, 18 baggage csra, 200 Lux cars, fiat pore, 100 coal cars, 250 cattle cars, 8 ca¥i050 cars, aod . 50 other cars, and js_equal 0 soy Western rosd. The nachinery stock ate pl aad there is no daugor that this process will b3 other then beneficial to all the. psaplg of this Stato snd const. We oxpect to seo the Texas & Pacific' Reilroad running in=ido of five ycars, ;mi{hex’: -ompletsd the businces will be Teady or i Norjs this all. We are to rench with Chicago trede by this new conncction the vast domain of Mexico. A correspondent writing 2 FROM THE B0 GRANDE sass: _“The old sitizens of Browpsville and the Rio Grande Valley, Who camo down with Gon. ‘Taylor, and, practically, h2d simost forgotten thsat there was & country north of Texas, sinco the way to it is over the stormy Gulf of Mexico, or Ly the days and nights of weary travel across: the country in stages and cn horseback; are Deginning to talk of railrosds in the most’ ani- mated maoper. The sound of the locomotive steam whistle from tho resaca, fivo miles eway, has'startled ears accustomed to nothing like it these many years, £ave tho voico of the buro, that much abused beast of burden, which woald . be sadly missed in-this level conntry if hisueeful dgys were over, adding, 2s ho does, to th orien- tal and picturesquo character of the landscape, and bélonging to jt as much as'tho stately palm ordw panish-dpgger trees which dot the Tha lictla railroad will: bo, when completed, jrty miles in length, running from Poiat Teé- &, 0a the Gulf, to- Brownstille. It will sery . factures which ehe now opening of trade with Mexico and its develop-~ ment and direction. The elevation of Tejads to the Presidency of Mexico, and the supremacy of the civil oyer tho military poser, bave infused & better spirit into tho Mexicsn Congress, and {hat body is disposed to foster, guard, and cn- courago railroad and other cnterprises intended. to open up the rescurces of that contry. Iz & short time Vera Cruzand.the City of Mexico will be united by rail, aud ofher entérprises of a like character ate projected, snd will soon be car- ried to complotion. Some of thesa will link: the United States with Mexico. This will be espe- cially the casb ‘with the line running to Vera Cruz. - When this union shall have been estab- lished. the commercial relations between tho United States and Mexico will likely assnme im- mense proportions with great rapidity. Not only the four staples of cotton, sugar, rice, and to- bacco can ba produced in AMexico to an unlimited extent, but Chicago merchants can handle hor coffee, chocolate, indigo, mahogany, and dye- woods atlower rates and quicker transit than is now enjoyed._In return for these desirable com- modities, Mexico will naturally receive from us Tuch of our agricultural products and themanu- | Liya chiefly from Eng- 1and, France, and Germany. 5 THE_CHICAGO OFFICE. 'The Missouri, Eanens & Texas Railrond Com- pany have opened large and commodious Chi- ¢ago offices in the Kendall Building, on the cor- ner of Dearborn and Washington streats. 4 THE FARMERS' TRUE INTEREST. . To the Etitor of The Chicngo Tribune: §m: The meny meetings of farmers which have been held the past wintar, and tho violent, yot 8o far unavailing struggles which this great Blate intérest has mado, and s now making, to relieve itself, show that, while the farmer is really distressed by rcason of being compelled to sell his products st much less than they cost him to raise, ke is yet groping in the dark, appa~ rently ignorant of tho true direction in which his elter surely lies. E . Many violent objurgations sre just now mada against tho railroads, - That thoir course is in- jurious o farmers, ia probably true; yet this is- only s secondary caueo of tho oppression and Qistress the farming interesta now suffer. " followed occupied tho remainder of tho evening. “the result of thas day’s procee: SPAIN'S REVOLUTION. Resignation of the Throne by King Amadeo. The” E;tablisl;lmeqt “of _the Re= public. e 3ladrid (Feb, 13) Correspondencé of .the New York i imes, Your correspondent has had the'good fortune “to nssist at one of tho most _remarkable trausi- t1ons that over took place in Spainor clsewhere— the pacifio and legal transition from & constitu- tional monarch to a genuine republic. On Monday, tho 10th, owing to the grave nows sproad over iBe city during the previous night, and reproduced in ‘early morning extras, to the" effect that King Amadeo L was resolved to lay ‘aside the crown . of Spain and _wil from tho country, the Cortea_ determined to interpel- Intotho Govérnmont for direct and oficial in- formation, 60 ignorant had the Legislature bean kept of what was passing between tho King and his counselors in the palace from the previous Baturday. The™ Government, it appears, had mado herealean cfforts to bring shout a recon= Eideration. in the sovoreigu'a mind of his Rrave resolution, - but without success, ‘yet -y’ their vacillation and want of frankness had well nigh plunged tho country into allthe hosrors of & fy rovolution. At S p.-m: 'we proceeded to tho Congress- through an immense crowd, which had begun to gather on the street of Bt. Geronimo and about- the building iteelf. The ticket which I bore did not, however, servo me underthe special cir- cumstances, and neither explanatious nor en- troatics were able to secure me admission. I was about. to turn and go_away when our able and courteons Minister, Gen. fckle!t,drnsant-‘ ed himself, and " was_ ' installed :in iho diplomatic _ tribune, in fall - view. of the gathered Assembly. " The Sgenker of the House, Senor Rivero, ocoupied Lis chair, and the members wero already in thoir places. Tho “blue bench,” howaver, was empty, and toward the door near it all eyos were ovor and aunon ‘anxiously directed. There was' mo businees beforo the House, and tho absence of the Government from'their bench was evidently the obstacle to the order of the dsy. The Re- publican geats were unusually full, where sat the three Corvpheei of the party, Castélur, Figueras, keen and nervous, and the stately Piny Margall. At last tho Assembly grew fmpaticnt. . An hour passed away—moments even were precious —and those who were charged with the nation’s |- deutinies failod to come before “the guardians of tho public weal and- give an sccount of -their trust. Figueras finally arose and demanded, in strong, concise terms, omid the profoundest si- Tonce, that the Ministry should bo informed of the position of the House, that their absenco was indecorous to tho national representatives, and; unless they appeared, the Cortes would as- sume their soveraignty aud resolye. for them-, selves. “Tho Spesker .replied that he had al- ready summoned the Government several times,. ond that this would be .the lasi.. Fortunately, this had its desired effect, and the Ministers, led by the President of the: Cabinet,, Senor- Ruiz Zorrilla, fled into their place. The absent Depu- ties returned; and ‘perfect order roigned. — * - The Prerident of the Council-then rose, and 6poke long, peevishly, and evasively; bat it was' -¢asy to learn that the resolution of the King was definitely taken: Zorrills began by complaining -of tlio sammons at & time when' it wes prema~ tuze to give information of what Was Eoing o, and wished there had been no session that day. Notwithstanding he gave an account of what had passed between the King and himself, from which it appesred that Senor Zorrilla songht rather to gnin time than to serve the intorests of bis conntry by s prompt avowal of the situa- tion. to tho n=ztion's representatives. Af- tor a_farther- series of _ interrupted— com: ments? on tho ~crisis’ in “favor of "procras- tination, Senor--Figueras (Republican)—pre- sented fo Congress the following resofution: “ Congress sgroes to resolve itsalf into & per- manent gessicn.” This measure, waa dono to prevent the arbitrary dissolution of the Cortes in case the King shonld-be persuaded {0 racall his purpose to. abdicate. . The debato which. 4ill 11 o'clock, in_tho courso of *which several onarctiists of the type of “Radicals and ‘Con- wentover to the Republicans in view vity of the situation. Patriotic feeling The throngs in the streets during the evening eager for -news became turbulent, and egress _from the building was' impossible. We wore all prisoners in the halls of legislation till near 11 o'clock, when troops had..como, to the aid of the beleaguered Cortes. - _ Tho proposition to Figueras wsa, ot last_car- ried, and & commission composed of fifty Depu- {ies appointed to occupy the hall till the next day, and tho ffag was kept waving over the build- o 5 = g. ‘Congress had resolyed- not to sdjourn till tho crisis was over, Outside, oven st tho Iatehour, the stresta-werd | thronged _with an intensely excited, but not threatening populace. ' As soon as they loarned proce , the majority, counnident 1n the patriotiem and ability of the nation's reprosentatives, retired to their homce. ‘The following dsy, ‘Tuesday; the 1{th, the fourth snniversary of the meoting of the Co stituent Assembly in 1863, & rapid roconmoi sance about the streets of Madrid discovared littlo effervescenco, and the situation looked as- It certainly costs the Eastern farmer, north- and cast of Pennsyironis, 81 & bushel to grow corn. At this price there is no profit. Yet this corn now sells there at G0 to 65 cents’ a bushol. 11 tho cost of teking it there from the West were Teduced 10 or 20 cente & bushel, would the latter ‘benefit by the reduction, ar would 'the prica elmply fall that much in those markets 7 Would it not certainly be the latter ? - If so, what hopo for gain is there for mws in that direction? | Ought not_tho East, instesd of the West, to olemoy for ¢heap railroad freights and increased- suring. In the afterncon, however, at the bour of tho mooting of tho Cortes, tho;whole city seemed to be in the rireats.- Wo pressed through the crowd and again took our -place in the tri- une. Assoon as tho seséion was opeoed, and tho Ministers were in_their seats, saving only the President, Benor Zorrilla, the clerk ho ‘minates, * * And I hereby declare thus establizhed the sovereign Cortes of Spain.” The King's message was then read anew be- fora the Assembly, and the Government, throngh the Minister of State (Martos), resigned their powars into the hands of the Cortes.” Tle President (Rivero) then asxed : _ “Do the Sovereign Cortes eceept the ronun- ciation of tho crown, mado by Don Amadeo, of Savo72” . They do. { “Do the Sovercign Cortes agreo toeend s messago tothat illustrious. Prince, expressing. their regret, and accepting. the recunciation #* Unanimously agreed to. - - - - -*Do they sgree to nominato a committeo to propare the reply to tlio messago?” They do. Figuerag, Oastelar, and ton _others, from va- rious” parties, ware ‘ne to this_duty, and, after a short retircment, Senor Castelar present- ¢d the following document s . ' - 4 The National Aasembly to Hin Majeity King Amiadeo 1. SeNom: The Soverelgu Cortcs of tho Spanish_ Na- tion have Lstened with yrofound respect to Your Majesty’s eloquent mossage, and kave read in thoso honest and loyal words a néw testimony to the bigh endowments which graco Your Majesty’s character, This country, the land of Your Blsjesty's adoption, for which ho has expressed such decp aifection, gen” erous snd Lrave in its turn, fand of its dignity even to superstition, and of its independunce even to hero- ism, can by no meaus forgot that Your Majesty bes been tho "Chief of State, the personification of its sovercignty, the highest atthority ‘within s cods, Dor can it Lo indifferent to the fact tlat, In honoring’ and exalling Your Majesty, it honors and exalts itaclf, . Benor,’ the Cortes-hiave ‘been' faithful to- fhe trust committed (o them by thlr clsctors, and have watchod over ho laws found catablished by the wil of the 22— tion and the constituert Ascembly. Tn ail their acta and docirions they have kept within the limita of their prerogatives, aud have represented the will and the Tirbta of Yorix Majeaty o8 defiued in our Conntitutioral pact; While the Cortes proclaim this with mmmistala. oss, that the reeponsibility” of 2 coniii which they sccept with pain, but will solve with en- ergy, may never fall an their name, stdl, they unani- mously declare that Your Majesty has proved a most faithful observer of tho respect dug 1o the Legls lative Chambers, and has discharged with marked fidelity the solemn obligations which Your Majeaty contzacted on_accepting the Crown of Spain from tho handa of this people. An honor it was glorions in itaelf, but fur moro &0 in this era of ambitious and dic- tatorfal pretentions, when arbitrary usurpations of ‘power and the prerogstives of absoluia suthozity lead Bumbler spirils to furcgo thalr temptations {rom the -inscces: fbls heighta of the throne, reserved alono for a few of earth's privileged ones, Well may Your Mafesty say, o the sflence of his re- tirement, in the bosom of his Lesutiful countrs, that, i any mortal wers capable of arrosting the unparale Jelrd course of evente, Your Majesty, with his_consti- tutional education and his respect for establislied law, would have completeis and absolutely succeeded in do- ingeo. TheCortes, impressed with thia truth, * 11t Deen {n their power, would bave mado the greest macrifices. to prevail . upon . Your . Majesty to- de- sist . from Mis resoluticn and withdraw _his abdication,- But thelr kpowledge of Your Majesty’s resolute character, the justice they do to the.maturity of hia {dexs, andshis perseverance in il ‘purposcs, provent the Gortes from requesting Your Afajesty fo recorsider bis act, and decide them to an- nounce to you their dzeutption of the supreme power 2nd eovereignty of the natlon, in order o make im- ‘mediato provision in these eritical” circumstances for the salvation of democracy, tho Lasia, of our politics: for lberty. the soul of our'code; for the Netion, tho \immortzl and affectionate mother of us all, in whoes ‘bebalf W aro resolved to lay upon the zlfar without 3 ‘will be at once comiunicated offictally to the Governor of Madrid, % the Common Council and Provincial | Board of Deputics, and by telegraph to all the civil and military suthoritics, and likewise to all forelgn 2 imenta with whom we maintain good relations. Afid this done, allow me, gentlemen, representativos of tiic people, Tot as & nofo of alarm, ot s 3 token of Teproach, but to ignalizemy arcizal to tho desired goal afler 80 many Scars of truggles, allow mo to con- clude by saying for onco only: Vifa lo Republica 1 (Vira, tica ) Tho Assembly nest procceded fo voto fora * Goverment " or Cabinet, with- tho followiog Tezult: : 3 President or Chalrman, Figucras, by. Blate, Cantelar, By s i Interlor, Pi Margall by ustice £nd Worahip, Nicolss Saimeron, b3 TFinance, Echegaray, by. War, Cordova, by.. Yart, Terager, b7 Public Works, Bocerra, by. ... Colonles, Francis Salmeron, by. z At 2 o'clock a. . (which now_brings me to Wednesény, Feb. 12) the -now Ministry entored tho Assembly and took their places an tho banco nzul amid & storm of applause. Spain swas once ‘more possessod of a legal Government, and un- der more promising circumstances” thon she had Leen bitherto in her checkered Listory. ' Aftera speech of congratulation from Beror Martos, tho late Secrotary of State, the President of the new-Cabinet, Senor Figueras, mado o short ad- dress, in which ho rend dispatches assuring pub- lic tranquility except in tho cormally disturbad districts. " At 3 o'clock the sossion. closed—tlo crisis was over. - THE 'RA{LROAD QUESTION. Opinionsfrom Various Sources, From the Springficld (TIL) Reglater. . THE BATLROAD PROBLEX., The Supremo Court, iu its recent decicion in the Chicago & Alton Itailroad cese, has necessi- tated & new departure on the subject of railroad legislation. It was claimed by tho last Lerisla- furo, and many legal minds bato held horeto- foro, that tho Legislaturo had tho power to de- termine and provide rates of freight aud pas- senger tarifls for tho ecveral railioads in this Stato, notwithstanding the provisions in the railrond charters giving them tho right to pro- Yido their own ratea ; and also had tho right to determino what were vnjust discriminations. The decision of tho Cours1s to the effect that he Legislature can only determine, prima facia, what are unjust discriminations, and that tha question can only bo conclusively dotormined by ajary. Inother words, the Court holds that the quesion, whether tho discrimination bo just or unjust, Taust bo left to tho jury, and caonot be seuded conclugively by the Legislalure. An un- just discrimingtionis merely an unreasopablo Tote. Hence, if the jury must pess upon the justness-of tlio discrimination, it must puss upon ho reascnablencss of rates; bence, the wholo subject of reazonablo rates aud unjust discrim- ation is virtually remitted to tho jury. This is, in effcct, the decision of the Superior Court, au strugglo all individus! ambition, and even, if need be, of our reputation snd our lif, ;70U fathers found themselsés, at the opening of thix century, in far moro dificult” circumstanices, and do- vised means 10 overcome them, drawing theif inspirs- tion from thesc sontiments, pcin was sbandoned by her Kings, invaded by foreign hoats, menaced by that illustriovs genius who appeared to hold in himself the secret of destruction snd of war, when tho Cortes, nan-" in & beleagured isle, almost without the miisof 110 national sail, not only saved the country and wroto f independence, but created modern so- cisty Trom the seatiered ruifs of sncient sysiems. ese Cartes arc covinced that the Spanish nation ‘has not degenerated, nor do thoy. themscives cxpect to degenerate in the sustere patrial virtues that dis- tinguished the founders of Spain's liverty. When'tha daugers are paat, when the obstacles and dificultics that encompasa évery epoch of transition and af critis aro gono by, tho Spanieh people, who, while Your Mnjesty, Bis most excellent Consort, and innocent children remain on our noble soil, Will pay every trib- Bte of reapect, loyalty, and consideration, can never in the futare offer your Majesty a crown, yot will fnvest you with snothet dignity, the dignity 'of o citizen in the bosom of a frec and independent nation, ~ PaLace OF THE CORTEs, Fob. 11, 1873, . After the roading of this reply to the lste King's 6, two committees were appointed, ono'to present the foregoing answer, and an- other to Becompasy thotoyal family to the fron- tier. This being done, the President, Scoor Rivero, presented an important mersure which had been previously drawn up and sigoed by ‘Pty Margall and others.. Benor Rivero intro- duced it ia these words “Gentlemen: Wo ‘aro about to bring beforo you a_proposition. * We ara“entering upon'a critical moment, the greatest in our history as & nation. I expect from you calmness, digaity, £0d pradence, for theso s tha virtuos of sirong odies.” The Secretary resd: “Wo pray Congress to Lenco tlio supreme law of tho State. 1t is true, the Logislature may prescribe ratee, prima facie, zeasousble, and may declare certain discriming. tions, prima facie, unjust; or, it may guess ot the judicial conmudruiag {0 its heart’s content. 54 {1 1t Lits, il decr; if it misses, it's & calf.” i To this condition must we come at Iaat. But what have tho peoplo to lose? Do thoy distrust the jury? By no means. Tlie jury has been the polladium of their liberties for con- turies, Lot a railroad corporation, guilty of unjust_discriminations, unroasonsblo charges and extortion, bo arraigned bofore a jury, and who doubts the verdict 7 If the control of theso giant wonopolics can bo vested in the jury, the govorelgnty of the people will gaom ba pro- claimed! Hence, wo nzo not discouraged by tho |. recent decision of tho Supreme Court. Tho peoplo, althongh at first disappointed and dis. couraged, will find it their greatestreccurity, and the means .of vindicating _their dearest rights. It remains only for the Legislature, now in session, fo pasa 3 law in confermity to this decis- .jon, and_providing for determining, through the- intérposition of & jury, conclusively, just and rea- sonable maximum rates of freight and passenger {ariffs, and what discriminations aro nnjust, aud providing paios and penalties for charging un- reasonablo rates and making unjust discriming- tions. _Mr. ‘Hildrup; Chairman of tho Houso Committeo on Railroads, has already futrodnced & bill on this subject, which is Teceiving tho can- did consideration'of the membera of the Legis- leturo, and of the press end people of the State. We will not atiempt & synopsis_of this impor- tant measure, It shonld be read. in extenso by every citizen of - Illinois. - The gist of ALr. T, |- drup's bill is this: Thatthe Railrosd and Varo: _approve the following proposition : 3 "% Tho National Assembly. assume all powars and declare that the-Republic'is the form ‘of governmont of the nation, laaving to the Con- stituent Cortes the organization of this form of governmont. = © ¢ An execative power, responsible o the Cor- tes themsclves, shall be elected by the direct Yvoté of tho Cortes.” . T will givo only the opening speech, ‘rem blo for its directacss, clearness, and_eimplicity. -Benor Pi y Margall said: - P - I do not kniow, gentlemen, representatives of the nal tion, whether I suall be ablo to preserve on this occas- jon the s ity which you have boen wout to meet with {n my addresses. Tam profoundly moved; but my task is easfer than it sppears to be, for what'can I say (bat is nat in the mind, in the heart,-and.in-the conscience of youali? < ¥4 < You had electod » King, and to-day that King ret ou the crown be roceived from tha Conatittiont Coziss, You have no ezecutive chief; you have no government, for the last Ministry who had received thaje trust ffom the Kiag disappesred at the game fz0ment wilh o ‘pezson who comimitted 1t{o them: you bava oniy one legitimate power, the Cortes, sud these must bf ner.. ity assume all powors, Is' theso-anywho Queitions mathis? You yourssivea have Jusy provests seaih by, your acts., e PR M et | , Dut if the €ortes may eatablish tho \eginlative funce following messuge from the King : » TO CONGRESS, < Great ras”the honor bestowed upon me. by, the Spanish nation in electing ma to'occupy their throne, ‘=1 honor al] the more B pT mo in view of tha facilities of transportation 7 No, there is Littlo hope in looking that way. But, if the farmer cannob_combino to raise the rice of his products, &t any moment Lie secs fit {0 do 80 Le can decrenso his expenses from one- third to one-half. If ho -cannot sell dearer, ho can cettainly buy cheaper. If Lo cannot incroase his income, he can' lessen his outgo. Tarit demagogucs bave robbed these men of thoussnds of millions of dollara with the pretense of & “thomo market; " and now, after ten o bvelvo years of this swindling, the crios of distress verywhere' ehow what the result Las been. ‘very thing tlio ‘farmer cousuines now pays a tsx, m gold, from ono-fourth to four timed its actual value. KNothing is missed. Tariff rings Dave inxed overy neeessary of life; and, whon anof thosa interosts, ba it over g slighh, gol in o plnch, ail it has to do is t6 go to Congress and ack leave to tax the people; wheb it gota all it asks, with scarcely an effart, TFarmers counot do this. Greaf as their inter- ost 13 in tho degregete, individnally it is Isalated, the prey of demsgogues snd politicians. Thoy ‘cantot” run howling to Congress for reliof, bo- canse their products aro oxported, not imported, Farmers aro tho only, prodacers in this country wwho really hovo to competo with “ pauperlabor. . Thgrois no euch pauper anywhero rs ** Hodge,” {he Enslish farm-labarer. Ho works soven dnys in & week, 14 tg 18 hours a day, for 5 slilling, or S1.50 2 week,. With & poaitive ceriainty of dying competition with his labor, evea In €hicazo, ‘5.00811151:5 from England. Liverpool fixes the rico everyhere in the Northwest, lesa froight, “Qreyage, brokerage, inBurauce, interest. woste eud rgttage, aud fsbor of landling, ss well as profie or itk of {nvgstment. ‘Fyery American farmer ' pays for what he consnmes “ai English ‘prices, with all the above ilems added, 83 well as atex ranging from 25 to 400 per cent in gold. Thus he burns his candle at both ends, ond is 35bhsa Hyht and laft, befors aud behind,—every shrowd knave plucking hua somewhers, ~ Elirty vpars'ago, farm-products wore a8 low as now, yot there wis nothing like the prosent dis- trées, —for commodities oI nagessity, as s rule, were chegp, Iron wae2:cnd 8 cents a pound; cotton cloth, 5 20d 6 anis a yard ; sugar. 20 to 95 pounds for a dollar ; shass, much better than thoee now made for $3, at ons-fourth the price, or 75 cents. - T'axos ware low, for 8warm of tax- leriers, tax-eaters, and drones, who devoured, but did not carn, wero not in cxistence in the Woest. Do your farmer-roaders eco tho point, -and discern in what direction, mcst surely and without fail, cartain eid absciata reliof can be found ? * Itis, make tho prosent tariff oné of rovenuealons, " Proxzin, | Carhalic Acid for Preserving Bodies. Itisstated iiat Prof, Guillery bas domonstrated anow the poworful antiseptic propertjea of car- bolic scid in fomo cdditional experiments !'e‘lg a cloth’ made, He envelopeda freth corpse daturated with a solution coutaning” ‘2" per cent of the acid, and after en jntorval of four or five days pourad more of the solution pver the bpu?‘. Dy this treatmeiit potrefaction was en- tirely proventad, ‘tho body after six months e: hibiting-no signs -of -decompuaition, and bejng “hat ehehtly altered in appesrance. At thb Morguo,: {4 Paris, o eolution containing one- | soon control $he freightas well as paseenger mn,pmglm e i PRI 2 | t ok wiE e s nrino had praviousiy A very impartast point 707 (s cousidoralion | prerh ineiess=2! &2 dsiategt o etmosplierg of of railrgad then Tow, is 'the prospective the Jeifi0uso. twentigth of 1 pes cent af carblic acjd sprinkled” over the body arresteq sg{m;ué’uo:?ye?m M; o peuper. American farm-products comg iniq’] fc the 1 ociated by difficaltics and dangers which mada tho task of Tulitg the nation an enterprise of such vast rosponsibility, Nevertheless; encoursged by the decision of Droper to my hoyst, ccustomed 28 it kiag Syer court dangos ratlier than o ahun i ) resolved tq zaake the public weifare the sourc of my inspitations, and g mysclf above sll partics, to {iidl the abliga~ tions which T teok Hpon ‘e befote the Constitugnt Assembly, T ¥vas roady for any kacrifico which should securé o {his Lrave nation Lhe peace of which it stinds " in nded, tho liberty ¢ doserves, and tho high posie tion to whioh 1i- 18 entitled.’by -its glorious Lis fnd the valor of ita-sons, . Thus. I fanciod thal the axperience of my short jite intho at ot gor- love thair cohniry, anxious {0 put a period to tho blopdy and stezilc contlicts which have 6o long -preyed upon thomatiowewitala. ~ - 1 ; am cware-that tlis, my prolseworthy desire, de- celred me.. Two long yeats have now elspeed alcico T put on thia “crown ‘of Spain, and Spain' still exiats fn ‘Copstan; strife, ever farther fcom the era of peace and happiness which I so ardedtly deslre for her, Were the enemica to hor proaperity fareignars; thenu} the froat | of thess braye aud patient soldiers I would. Le the first fo cembat themj: but th or word, 'or pen, deepen-and perpetuats | the evils of the nation, thas all are Spaniards, all fo- ok the swegt 1616 of cORnry, contend or agitate for- i3 welfare, and amid the din of combat, amid o many diverso manifestations of public opinion, it is imposa- siblo to arrive at the trne one, and still more imposs[ble to find the remedy for 80 grest svils T have songht it diligently within, the Umitd of the law, and I have hot. qund it Me Wwho has promised 0 e law uglt ot to seek the remedy claewhere, Nouo will charge ma with weskness, - There his boen o peril that would Jead me to put off the crown if I thought that I wore it for the good of Spandards, nor was 1 daunted by that dsnger which -my angust ‘gope ‘sort thared, who, in this solemn mopent, wnites with o0 ip tho Hopo that of some nture day the puthors of thio aftethpk may rorélve their pardon, - But I cherieh to-day the firm convicon that my" ef- forts would bo sterilé, and my purposes incapavle of realization, 4 ‘These are, gentlemen, the reasons that impal me to rostors to tho nation, through you, the crown extended to.me by thp naticnal yoto, renouncing it - hereby for siyself, for wmy children, snd my succession, ~ hmmg'gha“é; parting with the crown I damot part with my affection for this Spain, 3 noble as she. is upforfunate, * And iiat T catry awsy with ‘mo mo other sarrow than that it has nat” been passivle for mo t secure to her all the well-belng that 2y Joyal hoart deserved in her behalf, Aiupro, PAvACE oF MDD, Feb, 11, 1678, s At the conclusion of the reading of this im- portant paper, for which now for eome time all minds had been fully prepared, it-was agreed to eend a message to the Senate. to effect tho im- mediate fusion of flie two Chambers into a° Sovereign Assembly for action on thé Kinga ab~ dicatjpn ,%nd' itp consequences {0 the pgtios Ater o short suspenslon if was sunounced thal the Senate was in waiting, aad ‘at once, pre- ceded by the mace-bearers, that veperablp. body. entered the -House. The following ceremony tbenv;%kpixscg:t"‘ lh e i :(F G h)—- g ‘Presjdont of s Senate (Figuerola)- E Bregker: The Spanish Senste, by virtue of e vote jnstreadin your hearing, . comes. to join you in the formation of s United Acaombly, in,yiew of tho exigoncies of tho country.” . The Sge'sqp—" Gentlomen- of ' the Rerate : Take seaf Hions, an ex{ power 18 still rerigit uisite, and we pro- Foaele Touto sioet v by 3 iy S o8 T PEO charged with giving dge exeytion to your decisions. And 88 J da not purgoso 4o be long, and it Is not abso- ¢0e8335 10X o 0 bo 50,1 537 R0 moro on this in v e S e sew But onight we to enter on another poriod of ad in- Sim government? Qught we o loave the dymasty out of its orbit, out of its power, and not substitate it by another form of goveromant? You zil kuow the fruita borne by moparchies beretofore. First you establish a constitutional monaychy in the person of a Queen by divino right, and you could nof reconcile liberty withi her. The people wanted reform and pro— gress; the pooplc demanded the integrity of human personality, and that Queen, and ber father before her, thought only of hedging up political personality and of Topping off the progress of tho Spunish pecple. Scelng ber to be tncomratible” with your libertios, you ban- -taed her from th country. B Next, you wants o iry ‘s monarc] by popular Tight, and ou clocted & King fo personify ff, You ai ready sco the result that that trial has given you, -He himself confeases that ho haa 1ot Leen able to over- come the strife of partics and the discord.which is consuming us, ~ Divisions lisve multiplicd, discord hay increaszd, and even rent the very pariies who mzde the Tavolution of Septembor. D convinced, then, that the monarehy 18 incompatibie with the politice! codo ou have created, You must come to the Republic, cause 70U, who hav dow he great principle of national sovereignty, cannot accept more than ono form compatibie wi principlo; and the not, for thiat {s the alienation of tho Eov-. creignly to tho' hands of s family, You canmot oW refurn to the monarchy; the privileges of casts has diszppeared, and you cannot felier tho Sovoraiguty of tho nztion t0 & caste, to o family. - e 4 -Thia govereign Assembis, then, must-at once rro. claim tho_repubiic, leating to the futurs constituent Cortes to determing the organizztion uni form of this republic, We are federals; vwe believo.that in fedem- tion fs the hope of the coun(ry; but we Tuderstand that in moments like this it is incumbent on us all to make sacrifices, and we maky onr ehare - in not propos- ing that form of government, but leaving it to the fu- -ture Cortes. . If this is the form we wuut, we shall cone eider our desiro fulfiliod ; #f not, wo shall continuo at our posts, because it I3 inTpozsible for us to sarrifice: our ideas., To-day, we onls ask you to pr tho re- public; cfterward We will sea about the form it onght 10 assume, % = R i The proposition thus plainly presented was read the second ‘time, .and ;opencd to debate. The general tono of discucsion was conciliatory, and wonld doubtless Lave been ehort, had not the ex-President of_the Ccbinet (Zorilla), who hed coma in nod taken his place s s Deputy, interrupted tho- prevsiliog good sentiment Ly the jorting note of yituperation, stimulated by his chagrin at the turn affairs had taken. The general spirié of 'solf-sacrifics, however, manifested in the early part of the contest hele its eway, tho urgency of the hour doubiless Iargely contributing to this. resalt. At 9 o'elock p.m, the voto was declored in favor of tho Be- public, :there” being 238 yeas' sgainst' only 33 nays. o e BN Kt 1 vill gife o short extracts from the closing effugions of tho hour : e 4 3 Sald Castelar: : The Républican party lasano claim to the glory of Daving deatroyed the monarchy, mor nced any of you be haunred with the responsiouity, No one killed tte moparchy ; the monarchy d:ed’of itgelf,” I,'who have solong yearned {0 bebald this day, desiara thst my conscience docs naot admit the praise of having brought ittosncod, With: Ferdinend VIL, traditional mo- zrchy died; with the dight of Dona Tsabel II., pariis- “mentary moparchy cepsed to be, and with the abdies. tion of Atadod, democratic motiarchics passed sway ; Dt thesa monarchics died of themsclves, And o, noman Lrings on the Tepublicy tho comes wefted ) ¢ with us to constitute the colegislative = cirenmstane e’ comed Lorne slong | sidered too comprehensive, including, ‘a8 it ‘bodies, the sovercign Cortoa of Spain,” L %"&"E ited forces of nog 5 Of ¢, and of. m}_ would, all corponxl)iflns, the amendment might “The Prasident-of tho- Senato was-{hen oon- | tory. Biry, raluta her here with mo iikea risiag sun | be limited to railroad corporations ; and, inauzh ducted 1o hisseat gt the right of tho Speakes, | burstiagever the Lorizon of 0ur native land. case, tho Twelfth Section of tho Elaveath Artis wha now, by priority of ;‘é’ becama the Presi- Baid Pigueras cloof our State Constitaticn, 4ba¥a «uoi don prq tem, of tag United Body, and the lattar. ., The S2s: part of e proposttion bas besa vited, de- | mmicht bo takiep {07 jza b q’?’ ‘nb amendment, C".‘!{{.‘Lg’,‘f‘ it st st b sonitiats et b i manas o s et ety with s medisation ik 5 it sppieatlo to &ll constitnte | this declaration, wl j 9 raitwavs iy {ha United States, an 2 thoSpaniah Gortos. - Lot 1t bo so socories tn ey | Lim declaratlon, wluck, 14 1y § [Bodony oiflflmh“m_s:{g pfrhin honso Commission shall, in parsuanca of -law, prepars and vubmit toz jury the schutle of rates for cach class of railronds, making the railroad defendant, and obtainizg tho verdict of the jury thereon, 83 to whothcr such rated are reasonsy?, . or not, and whether discriminations prohibs o by law are unjust disariminations. . I the i will 50 find, tho Court decrees t1:at wagh *railsony all conformy to SuCh Yates ey sheia “from all discriminations foumd g Just, and imposg ecvers . for disregarding , such raf Tho Bl msy need Somo amendients, iy BN yoriant particular, but in its lending foaturey 3% geomato offer & practical solation of tra g-cat railroad problem, and to be well adaped 4o the end hud in view, nemely, the Compnk, gubjection of railroad cor~ PQrotions 10 ", tutional legislative suthority. - Y@ LIBVE 15, yesire to- oppress -the railroads:| The peopl”. ouglit not, if thoy could, cripple theea +roat mezns of doyeloping tle Tesources Of *hoState. Wo merely ask justice and fair ~Zealitg, -We cantion them against mob violence, or any disregard of law. Maoy indiscreot things will bo eaid, and many scts committed which are indefensibio. Dut the thinking portion.of the community will only insist upon logal ramedies and_laws bearing equally upon ail’ They are willing that railroad coiporations shall ‘maxe réssonablo profits upon their capital and time cmployed in operating thoir roads, but will con-* tinue to oppose abuses, exiortions, and unjust discriminations. : Q8. nni} From the Bloomington, (Il Leader, * a CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT. ‘BrooxiNaTox, 1ll., March 3, 1873, Eprror LEADERs The Supreme Court of this State, in their opinion in the cago of the Chicago & Alton Railrosd Company v. Tho People ex rel Railroad- cnd \arehouse Commissioners, .ox- presaly refused o pass upon the question as io the power of tho Legislaturo to determino what charges are reasonablo or unreasorable, becsuse the case, in their viow of it, did not- mecessarily involve the consideration of that question.” The Court, in refeming to lcgisiation- which ‘would demaud the discussion of propositions re- lating to the power of tho Legislature to_control the rato of railway charges or to fix their maxi~ ‘mum limit, evidently had in view the *“Passenger set” of April1d, 1871, which was framed urnder the following provision of our State- Constitu- tion : ‘Railwags, heretofors eonstriicted, or that may heres after Lo constructed in this State, are hereby daclared ‘public highwsys, and shall be {ra to all persons-for ihe {fansportation’ of their persons and property therean, under such regulations ss may bs prescribed by lav.’ And the Ueners! Assombly shzll, rom timo o izae, pass Jows establishing redsonabld macimum rates of charges for the transportation of presengers 204 freight o the different raliroads in tais Sistor —drt. X1., Sec. 12 Should the Supreme Court of this State, when a case involving the-validity of tho Passenger' act and of this provision of the Constitution is prescated for adjudication, sustain them both, the rnilroad corporation would undoubtedly ap- peal from the decision to the Supreme Court’ of tho United States, and the final determination of the question by that tribunal would probably, by reason of the crowded state of the docket, be delayed for s period of three or four years. In {ho meantime, the railroad corporations, disre-. garding tho requirements of the statute, wonld continue to cxect from tho' people exceasive charges amounting in the sggregate to millions of dollars. - - In view of this fact, would it not be wall for the people to take ateps immediately toward se- curing an amendment to tho Constitation of tha- Uniled States, by which this vital question can be mora sfea:my settled forever, not only in s single State, but throughont the Union. Sach amendment might be similar to tho last clauss of the fourteenth section of the second articlo of our State Conatitation, and might pro- ide in substance that every special privilego or immunity heratofore conforred. or.that hereaftar may be conferred by the Legislatureof any State, - ehall be subject to tha control and regulation of theTegislature of such State. Perpetual mo- ropolizs aro inconsistent with republican iustitu- tions, Equelity of rights is sound democratic doctrine, The corporate 28 well as the mnatural peraon shonld be subject to legislative controk in dealing with the public. -And such an smend- ment would give to the Federal Constitution the fores and effect ita framors reelly intended it should have, and would leave to'tho sovéral States the fhen unquestionsblo right t6 exercise propar control over the crastures of their favor, If such amendment, however, should be’ co) | and industrial interests of whole States. | This body is now in session, which is very .for- Tates of charges, and the State Legielatares re- spectivaly to control local rates. ‘Railways when properly maneged aro not only public bighways, but also public blessings. Ley. islative bodies cannot afford to dastroy or cripple tho ability of these corporations to sorve tha public. But they must bo tho servanta and not tho masters of the peopl mitted by their discrimi s to destroy the - Rmr.cnsi!y of towns and districts; and the grea!. Nortiiwest, if it will exorcise its just inflaence i the comiicils of the nation, will Dot sufer thest mammoth corporations, by their * combinations ~ ana exorbitant chiarges, to ruin the agricultural - The énormous proportions which the interests. involved in the above questions are assuming, at tho present timo, justifythe suggestion of the writer, We likeit. It ia timely and appro- priate, - - . it In the contest in which the people ato now en. : gaged with the railway compsnics, it would seom- more natural that the proposed amend- moent should come from tha L!fiislntnxen of the Statcs, as receut occurrences jndicate thata con- siderablo portion of tho members of Congress rather like the fat dividends upon hypothetical stocks, whith cortain .railways find themselves " in condition to declaro in favor of their friends » and, on reveral accounts, it would be Sppropri- -ate that tho Legislaturc af Iiifois, nor gion at Springteld, sliould initisto’ the moso- ment, - % Tn buman probabilitics, the next great politi- cal gontest in this country will be between tha people and Lo incorporzto companies’ combined * - with capital. ‘The struggle may bos sharp and 2 8overo.one, but tho result cannot be doubifal. “The:people will nevar submit. to_ have - their in- terests ignored by creaturcs of their owp crea. tion, and the sooner the parties come to an un deratanding, tho better for all concerned therein, Now, it does seens to us that the shortest and. the surest way to settle the difficulty is the best, —by tho amendment of the Federal Conatit tion, as proposed by Alr. Benjamin. NATIONAL CONSTITUTION. R. 31, Bonjtiuin, Esq., of this city, publishes in the Leader o lengthy communication, sug- . gestiag a movement for an smendment of the Ketional Constitution, designed- to bring tho railroad corpordtions of the country fairly and unmistakably within tho control of Congreas and of tho State Legislatures, ; Tho remedy suggestcd (amendmont of the ° XNational Constitution) is the same which was pronosed in & communication published in tho Daily Pantagraph of Jan. 13 last past, signed * C.S.” - Tha latter communication suggeated a National Convenfion, called by Congress for tho purpose, in accordance with-the Constitu- tion, 03 the, proper Lody to deviso tho needful amenidments, and suggoated also that tho Logis« latures of a scflicient number of States wera then in sossion to'unite in an suthoritsfive de- mand upon Congress for tho_ calling of such a convention. . Mr. Benjamin's articlo expresses na preference beiween " the two modes provided . for_the amoudment of the Constitution, buk points ont specifically the nture of “tho amend= ments desired. AT = . Wo gerteinly have no objcction to make to tho, - adoption of an amendment of tho character Sug- gested by Mr. Benjamin, if it bo necessary. in order to put tho power claimed hoyond -disute. We should, however, hesitato at the adoption of 80 resolitionary o method of reaching tho end, . ‘a8 the colling of a Netional Convention. Socha ' Convention would have, snd would undoubtedls exercise, the xight {o tear tho prosent Constitax: . tion to pieces, and to make 0 meny and such. radical changes in its structure as would, ia all, probability, insuro the rejection of their whola, ‘work by States enongh to make ita defeal abso~ Inte. Tho other mothod—of smendments pro.. posed by. Congress to tho Statos—haa been found; suflicient for tho needaofmore than eightyyoars; £nd examples since the war show thet it iy quita eufliciontly specdy, nhen a geperal demsnd exe ints for an smendment of .particulac . churacter Liko overy other remedy proposed by prac cal men for the solution of tbo railrosd proble - tho remedy by constitutional amendme Tt wortby of serions and candid consi® 4t There is time enough, hetween thig ar 4 Groaoss seasion of Congress, to put the sugr , 400 0%t ment into detwite vorbal form, © ..:idesd‘isms ftin the rowspspors until PULY ° ctiment faso far - npited upon it in some ¢ ite shapo as to indi~ cato to Congross wla ” 0 82500 3 . opinfon is erystaliehs” s rupidls in favor of tho adjet sougiity thaa” ¢ ¥R E i e i ought 00k 04057 omyin difiicult to discover. . - %rm the Denton (1U1.) Standard. THE RATLROAD WATL. The fsapreme Court of this State, in the case Of tb’, Chicago & 8t. Louis Railroad vs. Tho rd of Raiiroad and Warehouse' Commission- 94, has decided tho lat regulationg railroad-tar- 1ffs' to bo nnconstitutional. This, it'is ‘to bo Boged, will terminats_tho -senseless wer upna Talroads, The Legislatur shoald at. onco ro- peal th law creating tho Board of Raiirosd sad Warehouse Commissioners, which has proved to"~ be useful for no purpose other than to incite lit igation betweon the people and tha corporations "* it was created to control.c ‘It s evident: that tha Legislcture cannot divest the railroads of the rights guaranteed by their charters,and all acts for regulatin to bo null and void - Laws may be enscted to punish unjust discrimination in tariff-rates, tho samo gs other common carriows, bus that - the Logisiature” has tho - right 1o fix_the " passenger tariff at 1 cent, 2 conts, or 3 “conts per mile, 18 certainly an_unwarrauted as- sumption. If such can bo dona by lezielative enactment, then overy other-branch of business could be regulated in'the _samo manner..-Thers is no'doubt but failrosds “are great monopolies, but, notwithstanding, they have vested rights ag well as individuals, which both Logislatures and cburts aro bound 10 respect. * : _-Tho God and morality farmers in tho northiern portion of the_State who_have, by their votes, ‘sustained thie oppressive manufacturing mogop- olies of tho Esst, by imposing protective tariffa, aro the londest in denunciation of railroadmo- . .nopoliea, Ruilroads maz bo a great carse to tho - conntry,’but, bo_this =8 it may, tho pooplo of . this _county would 1o to be cursed to thie amonat of & couplo of 7035, providing they can securo the carso witliout iésuing county bonds to tho emount of §400,000. e Faas From thé. Champoign (1LY Gazetts. . & DON'T BE DISCOGRAGED. % Farmer friends, doa't bo disconraged on- sc- ~ count of tho adverse decision of_ tho Supremo Court. Be patient and fimuvcx‘in , and yous caus6 will yot trinmpk.- “He only difforcuce it makes is this: We must ceese, for a time, Jook=" ing to tho Courts, and turn the powerful bat~ teries of public opinion against the Legislature. tunate just ot this juncture of affairs.- Let ita inembiers be up snd doing. Without del emend the laws which failed to stand tha test Court. Da this now,—tho quicker the batte: Undor the circmluucns,lflmblbly, the passngo. of the bill introduced by Mr, Hildrup is the tlinz- ‘most needed and dezired at this time. Let tha dolegetion from the Thirtieth District too tha: mark and give it prompt and _effoctivo support: No fooling, gentlemon, for this matter must ta . attended to now. Don’t think to stave it cif until oyerybody's buay, hopicg interest in tho matter will iag. Amend tho law, if that's what's the matter; mmend it even two or threo times; if naed be, for the remedy demanded by the peo~-~ -ple must come. If this plan fails, after dua trial, the people will ihen move to amend tbs:: Court. Go right ahead with tho businese, patiently znd perseveringly; but don't get dis« couragod. N Rans —_— Canse of Goitre and Cretinism. One of the ablest modical journals in Englacd. opposes tho prolonged nse of any kind of miner- al_water, in health or discese, as of doabifal officacy, and, genorally, direcily prejudicial— maguesis in large guantitiey being ob;ac:m?‘; ble, .83 ara aleo .lima _salts. . these * impurities in water it attributed thoso terrible maladics, goitro and cretinism,—at least, tho facts observed sra be- lioved to Tendor this inforence ostromely proba- ble. In confirmation of this view, the factis cited that in tho Durkam Joil,; whon tho goitra appeared, afflicting s large proportion of tha coavicts, the spring-water with which lh!{ were supplied - was analyzed, acd foan: to contain 77 grains limg and mag~ nesws galts par gallos On subsi~ tuting for.this o water contai mt:sunly lghteca grains of (hese salts, it wes fo that the old pE cases rapidly improved, whilo no now case3 mada their appearance. It is a curious fact that in Ireland, on the Waterford side of tho 5:‘:’1 § where eandstones and slates prevail, goitro apd. .- cretinism are almosi unknown, e_on the Kilkonny sids, whero limestones aboucd, gGits . s not uzcommio Poper In Japaz. Thomas Bottcroly, of Les, 3ass,, Lo, eiigaged With parties from Now YorX t5 go tg m'a’ix'%-. - Jepan, here be will bmild ard puperintend & paper-pulp mill, The abundznea of bambeo and gtner ingab‘.:, ‘material furnishes first-closs facils ity foe stock,. nnd tha chespness of 1abor, only 8¥out 24 per month, is expected to leave a Iargs margin for proat; . Thepulpwillbe bleached shipped o New York in bales. Mr: Doitom Tis5 Bi3 axpenses paid to and from Japau, Kegaiy- fog a very libar2Y seiary the first yeal, an ward an intersatin the business. = ‘They cannot be per - - thoir busness affairs will prove = Jurd B R