Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 28, 1873, Page 2

2 TIHE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1873. THE RAILROAD GUESTION. Convention of Farmers at _Cenf ! tralia, Ti1, AT Addresses by Mr. W. C.Flagg and T8 ¥ DiHers. .- -The Resolus Correspundenee of The Chicago Tribune, * - * - - “@eNrmatu, 10, Feb, 35,1878, Sm: The Convention of the farmers of this. district asserbled hero' to-day in I bers. izens of this. 2and the murrounding _counties; who' manifested in yarious ways that their gathering mun?,bn# = ness, and they. assembled and-went at n_bi{a_- iness-like way. o e Tl ‘m;;::s;mfing e callod to order st tho ap- pointed hour, and D. D. M, Horton was made., iPemiporary Chairmap, and, on taking the Chait; bricfly .atated the objects of tho -Convention, - gnd the " spirit that snimated ‘the farming elass jn favorof amore just and. equel system of taws and purer legislation. Ho suggested that. the morning hour be devoted to the.appoint- ment of committees for the: proper Organiza- - “and_unbluehin Jgated: aud unbluehing. SETRTTICON . legislation angregulation. compunisgmrcre loth, in, many pscs, restricled ouy by {Becamsfior lawof commonfarriers, Tt 13 evident thit, in rallways, and | rafliay corpor: toni,! wixltave bech, snd are, dealing with somethiog werery fictly Amulerstand, and whose immexso fuflucicé ‘on miodern- civilization was”not compre- hendod by American legialators, - But the American predilection for individual liberty extended so far o5 10 be inclined to concede tog much even to corpora- tions, zad we Liavo given railwey corporations nezrly they havo acke : g mn:flemy corporations, on the other hand, have shown a0 unaccountablo facility for falling into unscrupulous ds. Innootber business where moncy is massed in largo amounts, whether manufacturing, commerce, Insarauce, or , bas {here been 80 much unmit wity " corporal Whether oo t;it' thd large I¥fl nng involved, or the lack of ‘i ‘checks and Ealiuces in the rendering of ac- ‘counts, nxid the cqnseq\lfil:nt Iloozeness of -management {hat miskos Aigin: éxcellenf means for peculation an the forwarding of personal ende, for some Teason they “aro mads the pécm and profitable prey of men of “the stamp of Vanderbilt, Drew, Fisk, and Gould. 4 ~ Here, we_have thoe ‘conditions of “unmitigated estortion’; unlinilted power to charge, in tlio liands of rapacious’nnd unecrupulous men.. That this power has pof been abused more’ than it has, {3 ducto tho fect that all railway men are nof unscrupulous, and that thoss who are didl not rec thelr advantage ‘and aviil themsclves of it earlier, simply becauss, Hka the rest of ue, they were short-sighted. ' Wo havo es- cape B cer exteit, alio because ‘there has en ‘at timea competitién; and comsolda~ " tion is comparatively a late fact. But that ‘wo are tho ‘victims of extortionéte charges, based 5ot 80 Inuch on ‘Gost'of transportation as upon the calculation of tho endurance of tbose who are plundered,-ia now certain. ‘Heretoforo, the fact of extortionate charges has been & good deal kept out of sight.” When we found we could of wheat ot $1.25 por bushel 4,000 miles Tnliks ferry, bfldsehtnfl canal :eompanice, r.li!\\-ay\{ rascality_0ssin_the man-.|. ‘ ers are-antitled to one other member on ssid-Board of Raffrosd, Commissioners; end that we request?the ©. Tiagg, to-zepresaat. yinon Gorernor to appolnt W. said Board. o pointed i DI. HOUTEN ; ‘was then called for, who made dome local organizations. He urged the citizens of ench county ropresented to take an nctive inter- est in securing local organizations everywhere, and to go forward in the movement, shouldering the expeneo, and combining together in_every proper way o defeat the olffoztacof thoailroads to absorb the proceeds of their Iabor. - After tho adjournment of the Convention, ‘which then took place, the : . - MARION COUNTY. GBGANIZATIOR 3 ‘was formed, and committees appointed for tho calling of .a county meeting on the 18th of Narch at Salot. - It is understood that the other: counties will also organize, - - LS The meoting adjourned with the best féoling on the part of all. ™ S S 2 i IT WAS CLEARLY MANIFEST -that the farmors assembled meant business ; that thoy felt themselves emancipated from: party els, and will, in the future, labor for'good Iogislation, equalnnd just to-all classes of the poople. Tho stirring Speeches wero repeatedly applandod, and thero npgmad that earnest de- tormination on the part of all that clearly argued Buccess. 2 . i LADY PRACTITIONERS. 'Commencement Esercises of the Woman’s Hospital Medical College.‘ fi-“gfi bxg:?m of 125 by wagon, beforolt wouid be con~ sumed'by expenacs, w wara (0o much gratified at tho fact 1o scan charges closcly. Whilo pricos wero Tighy rtation was lower an e et O . a0 o, with low prices, o 3 sxtortineate Shargcs {or’ bulky products, tho P mecsaaiWhy companigs are charging for in tion of the Convention. S __ The suggestion was adopted, and the follow ing committées were ::EPW..N‘ 8 : o vent Braenization—3arion County, L. G. ,.?L',!;"cxmir‘.n. 3 A Vkehims Wosbingiés, E. Writtenverg; Fayetie, G. W, Hudley, 3 o e utions-Clinion " County, Judge “Robert Bowman ; derion, Judge J, W, Primimer; Bond, G.- M. Tathzm; Weehington, H. D. W. Wittenberg: Frsotte, L. D. Mlorey; and, on motion, Dr. Horton wa3 added to the Commis i) B Prrmanent Organization of the District—Clinton Counts, B. 5. Powers; Washinglon, Mattliew Palo; Sarion, George Boughi; Bond, . Dusser; Fayette, e tarion County;: Jsméa Wilson; Clinton, ‘Daniel Porter; Fayette, Jacob Dreeze. PERMANENT OFFICERS. The Committee on Orgenization then reported tha ofiicers of the Convention, 'aé follow; President—James Wilson, of Sandoval, - Vica-Presidents—X. E. Way, of Waehington Count Dexiel Prather, of Clinton ; B. W. Halcy, of. Fusetto] |' G, . Tatham, of Bond. e o 2 “Sierclary—S, P. Tuflls, of Marion, . .. g Tho report was adopted, atter adding the name of Mr. Dedrick to the list of Vice-Presidonts. * _After briei, desultory discussion upon several” minorsubjects, the Iate decisicn of the Supreme j Charges {fact vance of the necessary, and even thoe real, cost of trans- |~ po: ion, becbmes prominent and obuoxions, " " This'fact’ cannot be gainsald or denled, let the ad- vocates of the present extortionate system say what they will. Itmay botos cerfain extent excused and pallisted, asisattempted by an editorial in the Rail- road Gazette of Feb, 8, upon ‘‘The Tendency of Freighi-Bates," of which I have been favored with & copy, but certatnly not justified “or defended.’ You cannot defend a raflway Bsstem thst, a3 in Illinofs, | charged $ 27 cents per milo for paseengers in 1865, at t" inflation, and rose 1o 4 1-5 cents in. cc of greatly increased facilities, groator travel, and diminisbed inflation, “You cannot defend the fact, which the writer in the Raflroad Gazette, who seems'a fair man, sdmits, that the producer, shipper, and consumer must, one or more of them, pay, during e ast. ivo years, early 83 ceata frolght on avery bushel of 66 pounds of grain sent to New York, Iike these, a5 I bave nlready and elscwhere. sliown, ars extortionate; becauso largely in advance of the neceesary and actual cost 'of ‘transportation. dry up tha stream of pro- oy il the goose that lays the golden egg. Tho wiser railway men partially see this; but the groat concern of o superintending railway official is to make a'good finanrial exhibit to the stockholders- for his * Holacks th&ne’r\'e and the pluck to run on low Tates, though it is idorally certain that it would nlti- matefy pay the- best. ~I-knowa bit of Tond only 35 miles long, just finiehed, -between Arcola and Parls, whoso Constructing Engineer and -Acting Superin. tendent, when that-much wws completod, had the Court wesvead, and the Convention sdjouned " antil-1 o'cloclc . : 224 AFTERNOON SESSION. . On the sssembling of the meeting, the:hall was perfectly jemmied, and gteat interest was manifested. The programme of the meeting indicated & speech from W. C. Flagg, of Moro but; that gentleman not being present, the o~ pott of tho Finance Committeo was heard, and & collection was taken up for the purpose of de- ‘traying the expenses of the meeting. i Tudge Bowma, from the Committeo of Reso-: lutione, than r?m’wd the following, which woré * teartily adopted, the Judge pemé requently in- terrupted with applause duting thoxeading: | That the mailways of the Stato, being:| qugfl:' wrponua;z,'chmm{‘nd and endowed with the right'of .eminent domiain because they were in- tended to be of public use, must therefore ' be Fux in £hé public interest, at the smallest possible cost To the. shippers snd passcngers theroon ; and_that no rallway’ S tho right 10 demand more than & fair proft on the ‘mony tnvested in it by its stockholders. . . . 2. That the railway companies of Illinols and vther Ststé have persistently, in defisnce of law, contrary to o cotporations, burdensome fo tho public, snd de- Firactive of ‘production in agricultural, mechanical, nd manufacturing ntereats, T S, That this grest abuse, amounting to the aunual ions of Qollars annually from'the gm- ‘ncers and consumers of the State, must and_shall be bated; aud that wo pledge our'individual, and united - ‘exertions to that end, from this time until” the end! of | “ thecontest. _ 5 X v 3 4. That wa request our legislators to pass tho Vaughn bills, 0 somelawn equivslent thereto, together with such chianges 38 tnsy be indicsted by 1h6 Into decieion of the Sapreme Court. i 5. That wo xan huvo but litle hope of Iegislators ot o8 ‘aro Allod~ with rafiroad passes to any public_officer iniidious 2 o, 1o ok Ema 4o 0 ice of trust or profit, Who is not-kmnown fo Faly e aon with oux ntoreste, whieh nterest o £laiin to bo i consonance with the public good,. » | - SPEECH OF MB.'W. C. FLAGG. .~ i ! . After the' tion and indorsement ‘of the resolutions; which was dnnahen.rug, Mr, W. C. Flegg, an intelligent farmer of Madison Cotinty, addressed the Convention:as follows on.ail- road monopolies: . - : he il FELLow-CrixzENs : Thaye been requested ‘to dsy few words to-day upon the causes that bhave brought - abour the present confliot with the radlrosd monopolies that are Dow ssseasing and collecting srbitrary smounts from the peopla by viftue of iheir being practically /masters of the position. - - e A monopoly In thio sénse s » company cr corpors: tion st has obtained such cantrol of any articls or privilego as to command whatever price it may choose %0 eak; and it is the peonliar am spocial device of the jernapeculator, fram tho grain-dealer in Chicago who tries £0 make & “corner” an oats, fo the Epropean Bothschilde, who aro reputed to have been purchasing a1l tho quicksilver mines in the world, e Theso monopoliea have . their origin eitherin the natureof tho case, or In. the special snd csclusive .- power of governméntoto hold or grazt {hem,- Thus'| Eio Dotied Biatos Governimeat las & monopoly of chre ... Tying the madls, coining money, snd the liko,” The Ezzte of ilinos isa o monopoly in the Tllinols & Mich- igen Canal. In both theso cases, thero baing no-abject 15 profit, tho object lias been 10 furnish the” public with a glven convenience st the lowest possible cast, . £nd there 15 no doubt that the publio interest hag beex _ " greatly pramoted thercby. S - 2 ‘Other enterprises are practically monopolies without there being any special prohibition of -competition ;. Fach a8 Vatehworky gas-works, {uifleg,hnrs; i1 ays, exprvse compatles, ‘Sompanide, aad ratl, P oa L the thres Tattes onmaed NAINE Drac fically one, - The rensons why one of - this class of en. . - sexpriace, haviog once got 3 foothold, can ardly b ° “'rivalled, are to some exient obecure; . but the princi.. Pl reason fs, that it {s hazardous o-put capital, in & Sormanent and *unchangesbls form, into competition Srch them, and esplallet aro timid. “But th Loct Is gengrilly admiltads all these, end espéciall 53, Aro moncpolies! : #These,” £ays_John Stuart Mill, “aro alwass'in a | great degree . practical’ monopolies ; and a-govern- mMent waich Comcedes 'such -monopoly Tinrescrved-. Iy fos - private _company - doea:- much the X _thing &s jf .t allowed - an individual or an sssoclation to levy any. ‘fux they.” cbose, . for their,own benefit, on all the malt produced. in- the country, o on all the cottonimportedintoit. - Tomake the condession for » limited time 15 generally -justifi- st on the principlo which Justifics patents fos fven- tion¥'; but the Stata ;)}an either roeervs Lo-itselfia Teversion ropet such public warks, or should Telals ahd reely excrcise tho Lght. 5f Aciig 8 Mgl mtm of fares and chargés, and from timeto time yazy- ipg that maximum, 1t is perhaps neceseary to remafi #hat the Blate may b the proprietor of caals or rall- ‘ways without ituelf working them’ ‘and that'they -will almost alwaze be botter worked by means of company Jgatiag the allwny or catial for luiited pertod frant’ __Xsdd, in porroboration of this opinlon, the argus,, ient dlawn (rom the facts Dy H. 0. Cares,in hin - - #Bodlal §ci Throughout Coniinental Eufope enrally, tho” several ‘communities have thercfore, . Eoommad it necossary o exerciss § sotna- alecrerton 12 * " reference £0 tiie oads that might be constructed, whila retalning & controlling pover in Teqasd to tho e _Epop whick they ehould bo Yequired to db thelr wor “The consequences ‘of thix arc 10 be'seen i the - facls,, ihiat, while heir charges are inndcrule; they have, with few one, been prodiable-toall,—giviig falr dive idends to their owpers, while -faciliiating “intercotirde, and thiereby giving villte o botls Jand siid labor:: o ' oo tho cantrais, it g’ been beld that *_"Great Britvin, an Lt ind u?" té: rkmpmumfr e —omoted by tlio ““largest ~commetition for .,cx«;vnsu'uséflnb’jnf., Toad: (he, eoull iow ~exbiilibg’ fiself tn'Taingus Gonpetttion for bualui one_mp- :_ 3acat, and high _charges at;asoth gei ©_Tnin of those o b nde the espulsidu.. 3 ‘population, and conrolidation of 1 g A Temedy for these ovils, upder. which: 2hies suffer, the. e e P i the cncatiom b8 ert 5 T A B ey Rl * 74501t fseven now it the Yilted Stal e R M e Boslalen—its day for op oy, hien it shall “arvive, B ,an;%a ¢, | th organization of nelghbarhood and schiool di " the" | _essary and impo ‘ nerve and tho will (he is the son of one of our leading :| Champaign Gounty farmers) to put passenger rates at 3 cents & mile, and freights in proportion. - The result is~full: cars 'of - passengers and full trains of freight ; - while the Lllinoia Central passenger cars run Dearly half empty - through the samo region, Tanging betwoen 4 and 5 cents a mile, A _thechespening of freight, even over that thirty-five ‘miles of Tailrpad, haa advanced the price of corn & or 5 centa per bushel at its western terminus. That shows what nifght be done by an enlightened sclf-intercst, if o had men whoee beads were as clear and. hearta ss right, ln charge of o great rallwey routes Esstiard. ... Another and great canuse of corplaint against raflway corpgrations is their discriminations. Practically, they drive manufacturers, and others who ship largely from ‘the way-stations, to the & “They ; doprees * buniness, real ' estate, sgriculture, Znd - enterprise, a6 -one point, and ‘force them unnaturally st enother, g fo the ci- price or pupposed --interest of the' railway. _corporation. The only’ excuse for: this is competition: ‘8t the terminal or_junction points; and that now has ceased to have any, considerablo wweight. They. dis- crintinate -agalpst. linois manufactures, It cost aa ‘much, in 1871, to’sénd conderised mille from the fac~ tory st Elgin 'to ‘Chicago, 8s it did_ from New York faclorics to the same point ; and thus the Northwdatern Boad, on an Iiinols branch, vsed its power to break down our home-manufecturing product, and permit that of otber States to have n unduo advantage,: ~ - Agaith: Fluckuation in, cbargos works a grest mis- chief, :The shipper, whettier the fariier, yer, or ‘the manufecturer, ‘csn. overcharge hid customers, buy at unduly ‘low rates; or run tbe Tisk of failure. Rsilway corporations seem. - entirely imdiTerent to this, end. Hlange their tates withe ‘out reference to the bad’ offect it may have on their trons. - B wrrailway corporations are habitually vlolators: ot Oiat State laws, W have laws forbldding- discriminn~ tion in_{reights, &nd fizing _maximum. passéngor Tates.. Both- have -been continubusly” violated, ever elsice thelr enactment, by leading raflroad corpara. tons, True, thoy theso laws to' be unconstitu- tiopal § but that does not suthoriza a continuous viola- tion of them during the time that is needed to_tost thelr constitutionality, e, a8 individuals, kave becn tanght to obey.s 1aw until it was proved to be uncon- “stitntional ; Dat our railway corporations aro only to e persuaded to do ko by superlor numbers. nfimhm “aro fhio grievances {0 bo redressed; [\ and-junction stations, m ; a0 the charges f tho peoplo against the Tallways,. ey cRargo exorbitans rates ; ey, dise - crimiriate wnjustly ; they are capriciouaand unreason. ablo n {heir charges ; they sre violators of tho law ; and; for thoss wrongs, we demand redreen. - Wa Gemand. that the railway corporations of our Stato ahall be submitted to State law and ‘supervision, We wil tolerato no power superior to the State_within the Biate, save that of the General Government- alone, X oxpress the almost Tnanfmous sentiment of tho peo- Tlo of Tilinols when T say that whatever legislation, ap-. progrintion; or condamnation is needed fo” submif the Tailway corporations to such supervision and comtzol, ‘our'representatives should provide and our executivg officers ehould enforco, . : Wo want upon oar statute-books laws that shall hold ailway corporations under s continnons and inflexiblo - Tale of Teaponaibility, 48 pablc OF quasi-pablic carpos ‘rations, .controlling ‘tbe . public _highways -of tha ‘State. We demand lawe decliting" Tailroads ‘public bighways, upon . which, upon. payment af res “Eonsble tolls, the cars of any pnd all commpanics® shall have the ‘Tight torun. Wo demand that all rilway rations- ehall bo. compelled to furnish adequsto £ratks And FoLIN $toek 1 Gad Bt by furnishing foc sufficient facilities for shipplug, compel extortionste rates: {or_the sl purs of (o frelght properly for- warded. . Wo demand laws fixing ressanable mazimum Tates of frelght, and punishing unlaswful extortion e went. legislition not only n our. own State, but ‘in States ‘along the-leading railrosds throughont tha country, “all to. the same end of lessening tho great transportetion f3x. We may. need National I tlon, . and the_condemnation, Statoand National, of franchises 5o sbused by tho Corporations that possess But a remedy wo must and will bave, 'Times of | ‘high prices may come, when this grinding transporta- tion tax may. be less félt ; but the continuous unueces- sary drain upon tho wealth of the countrs, required that a fow msoy grow enormonsly Wealthy, 1§ _contrary 10 he genius of Republican institutions, and p'. dis- grace 10 the civilization of the age, -Jt youst:not snd .shall not remain; and the 300,000 farmers of Illinois, whoso fair and fartile farms aro threatencd by 5 taxa- 1ion that o governmont would ever dare to £sess; aro- 1bo men who must begin and carry-on. the war, I our hands are the {sence of this contest, and we de serve notthie name of fsrmers—or freomen—if wo ‘permit the irreaponaible and Allegal. force of railwny +fommopolles o ke us (helr radmis. wna payers of Lét us fight it out on this lino, # ‘After ‘the:address ‘of Mr,Flagg, which was ‘well received by the Convention, -, £ ‘editar of ‘the American Bée-Journal, was calléd for, and pledged: his support to the movemer, which wag- but-in. the interest of justice to all classes. - His remarks abounded”in pointed and practidal.common seuse, with a epi¢s of hamar, and apt illustretions ‘that elicited repeated ap- PRS- T e e < ! -of. Indiana,- being -present, -was invited, to “addreds - the Convention; and resporded in!n brief - address’ on.* the “encroaching -power. of ' moneyed corporations, shapiag, directing, and _praventing legislation in this countrs, as an evil of.alarming magnitude, and. that. demanded tho ‘arncdt, consideration of . .the. < Ho -knew ‘of no, class-of the. pedplo that --legislators - wonld ‘more - readily: heed :than farmets: * If they resolutelyand firmly. mended. : their rights, . they” “could ."accom: plish, . beyond all - doubt, . the. objeats of _th Ppresent.movement, . Their sister. State. of Indi- Bus, through the offorts of a State officer Wlo cams~from the farm o control the finances of that State, had revolutionized the whole system of ‘tevenno; snd.the taxation of _cegmrne capi- 1al; secured by his infinence, would now yield hundreds of .thousands of. dal‘lvfix..xev:muve, and- thus lighten the general burden of tazstion. Mr. Mathews urged that -the-time ‘had come- srhied tha- pocketsof legislators should not be atufled with bonds'aud ‘rnilroad passes; and, if the farmers of the country wonld edhere to the must.and ‘the shall of their resoluticns, & parer Tegielation might be sscured all over the coun-: | try. ., OBOANIZATIONS. The Committec:on Permenent Orgenizati ~for a Dielrict Convention reported as follota Resotred, That, in our yudgment, jt would be unfec— fitic to organizo-the Sizteenth Gob. “gressional District into 2 separate organizatior, : ' | Resolred, That we would propose to this Conventian ‘cluba, a1l over the counties of this district ; which cinbs :}!:muld be represented in county sacisties in o?'mzfns;n- trict convention when would jndicetg such a movewpnt., Rk 5 LROAD COMDIISBIONERS. ~ -©° !t "resolution’ -wag unanfmously | the second! clas - massos . of .. the [ Diglomas Delivered to Six Graduates--Remarks of Mr. Blatchford and Dr. MeWilliams. * Tha ceromony of delivering to the graduates of the Woman's Hospital Modical College their diplomas waa gone through with yesterday after-_ noon, in the Methadist Church Block.- The {faculty, the gradusting class, and quite a num- ber of ladies wero present. Prayer wos offered by the Rov. Dr. Ryder. d - REMARKS OF MR, BLATCHFORD: L The presiding officer, Mr. Blatchford, then Baid: The resignstion of our President, the Rev. Dr. Ha- ven, caused by his recent removal from the West, ‘makes it my duty to preside on this occasion, . I was. Dot aware, howsver, till Inst evening, wonld be’ expected at this time, and must therefore claim your induigenco for these’ bricf words. It s~ now about eight years since, in the building preceding L, on ths very site, was orgaatzed the Woman's Hospital Modical Collige. Among the fricnds haro to- day I recognize some whose prescnce cheered ua then, From various quarters came the demand for this move- ment,—the indications wero uumistakable that the time ‘for organization had come,~and tho history of the institution has abundantly proved. that our work was_not_undertakes too soon. I wil wilh recounting the trials which atiended our carliér years, They form tho dark background which bringa out the brighter picture of the sticcess we are ablo o Tecord to-day. It Would be grateful duty, did not their presence here forbid it, to mention by namo thiose to whom Whom we are cliiefly indebted for these results. They have been sustained ond cheered amid the manifold and trying. discouragements of these’ cars by o decp conviction of the need of thio work they i nndertaken, and that abiding faith which hes ever been to noblo workers both thoir Inspiration, and pledge of their succoss. Lot us tender them, at this e, our gratitude, e have, in the aid rendered | from timeto time, 2ympathy and confidence of tho public.. It becomes us, ‘However, especially on this occasion, publicly to express gus epprociation of the Umely giff bestowed upon us through (e wise discrimination of the Chicago Belief and: Ald Soclety, But, bogond them, our- thanks sre due to the numberless '~ aud unknown friends who came to the relief of the Chicago: sufferers by fire, aniong whom we stood homeless, In the permanent buildings of the institution hereafter it may bo deemed suitable, {n some enduring form, to .porpetuste the remembrance of the source from “wlienca his bount 5 snabled ua to sccure the eligiblo lot upon whicli our ‘hospital ia erected, on thocarner of Adams snd Paulina stzoels on tho Weit Side, thovalu of whicly including® the adiirable improvements ‘just completod, will fe Littlo ahort of $35,000, upan which thero are some small ‘smounting to less than 2,000, “Dalances yet uupald, 2ud towards which e have some subscriptions. The ladies who, to-day, receiva their diplomas constitute ch hus graduated from the. Col: lege, - The first class,—thres in number—gradusted 1wo years nince. The great fire, which consumed our- building, located on North Dearborn stroet, broke up the class'of 1672, as all the energica of the institution ‘Were massively concentrated upon hospital work for many months following, But during thislast college- Jear thisty students Lavo beer/iu atteadance upoy tho eotures ; and the graduates of to-lsy assuro us, the successful examinations they have sustaine that in the practice of thelr profession fthey wil . givo proof of that thironghness of training whick is Pro-eminently the aim of this College to_bestow. ~ Tho, _£ail benefits, howevar, of the lineral eottss of mstruc " tion pursued by the Woman's Medical’ Collego can only Do secured by thoso' whose previous infelloctual dis- cipline has prepared them for close studyand sceurate observation, - : - £ THE GRADUATES. ; : He then delivered the diplomas to ‘Mrs. Al E: Bennett, Miss Phabe A. Sprague, Miss_Sar: J. ¥inch, Miss Charlotto Moore Wedgwood, Miss ‘Roea H. Engert, and Miss Margaret Ellen Hol- land, who compose the graduating class, E 2 ;' DOCTOR MWILLIAME ¢ ‘then addressed the graduates ‘on bebalf of, the faculty. =He congratulated them for what they- had done, but warned them that they. had ‘much else to do, and would have to work thore Iabari-- ously than ever before in the new carcer into which they were entering. Many who had re- ceived diplomas failed bocause they Incked the necessary capacity. There twas sufficient em- [ ployment for the competent, and for those who. adhered strictly to the profession, and who were always students. They should attend profes- pional meetings and rosd professional papers. They must not depend wholly on book-knowl-. edge, but supploment it by observation, ‘They must -loye the profession for itself alone, .and. without that they could not succeed. . Instcad of ending ‘their -leisure time 'in tea or card par- | ties,’ they should .devote it to study. They should always be prompt: and punctual, and never complain of a want of time, They should. tell the truth, but not mmtfifiifig ailments . for.the sake of a fes, or admimster nnnecessary medicines. They should nlso be honest. with their ‘profeesional brothren, and .not. seek . to" take. unfair advantage of thom, and nid in injuring their charncters. They ahould get’ the’ National Code of Ethics, and study it, and also follow the Golden Rule. They neednot expect s life of inglorious ease, -but must do their work faithfully, -and find their re: ward in doing it. Thoy would witness many | seenes of anguish and distress, and they would require self-control and sclf-gacrificing encrgy. They must attond equally on rich and-poor, and _go oub {in storm or shine, by night orday. If they wiped away s tear, ‘or alloviated :a pang, thon thelr life would have been a success. - Stil] thoy must charge’ fair fees, 'and - must not ; lot their benevolence bo bounded. They mustbe for- ! bufi:fi with the sick, and enduro paientlysl tha scandal of the profoesion and the community, In conclusion ho urged them to be: Christians, and pointed out the many advantages thereof. Ay © :THE BPRING ANNOUNCEMENT 1 was then read, 88 fallows : ¥ The spring ferm will commence Monday, and continus il July 1. Two lectures will : each day, in sddition to Tospital- instruction, during the entire term will: bo " held at the foliowing- ‘named hoepitals : Hospital-for Women and Childras, corner-of-Adams and Paulina st be given s tal, corner of Arnoid ond rey ‘Hospital, corner of Indiana svenuo and -Twenty-slxih street, : b e A Dr. Ryder closed the getvices with tion. g PR A i i 2 '"Sleeping«Cars. : - ' . .. Fyom the New York Times, . . _Recent Englieh tourists who have visited this country, and vritten subsequent books of travel, - _have naver failed to praise the' Pullman palas and aleeping-cars, and fo tirge thieir adoption by English mifiuya. Tho Intter, having copied; to 8omg extent, the American fashion of ralway aceidonts, Liave at length been induced ‘to con- sider the aubject of sleeping-cars. - Tho Midland -Railway has” Just mado a contract for a number .merican slecping and palace-cars, and tray- :eJers on that line will son bave an opportunity of using them. Itis to Bo hoped, in adopting what j8 really great benefit to travelers, that the English railyay companies’ will not ‘also adopt the unpleasant features of - the sleeping- car. The ill-manntréd :porter who forces pas- gengers to-go to bed aod get up precisely whon he ks proper, and svho never fails to produce that hopeless entanglement of boots which leads $0 5o much misery and profanity in the morning, iswof @ necéssary featuro of the sleeping-gar,. and shonld, 'by no means, be introduced ‘updn any J:‘.nsflafi rallway. 2 ik ¥ s i "R Calture. g6 * Beth Greenis" doing su invaluable work in the _Bi mrf of waters with' fish.- The supplies of, fish and spawn for stocking purposcs, which ate {furnished by Xir, Green, are enormous. The Rochester Democrat eaya that over 100 lekes and streams have boen furnished with bass, or pike, or both, this* winter. Every ome wh hes np.: _plied has carried away from 70 to ‘150 fish. fi “show. Liow fax such a namber goes in stocking'a body of water, the Democral, says: .. Wo may meation than fourteen _years :ago,..fonrteen ‘blnck . bass were placed in the Pam‘x%u, and that il : <] the’ river- has.now becoma. the best: gtreAm in: $h 'k bass fishing,’ & try 1 o I marks in relation to the practics! benefits of' the |~ that any remarks | I will not weary you , Teccived undoubted -proof of the | ul gift was derived. Tho donation | | (as 8t -Bacremento), ~were always' soen :losfiny Apeil 7, { the* Pacific Cosst- is -uttorly ruined, -and only 3 ~CALIFORNIA. cial Conditioa of . t State. “ “The Causes of That Condition. YTy TTIRIRSLL cnbudd Correspondence of The Chirago Tribine. 8ax Fraxcisco, Jan. 3t, 1873, X am prompted to gives you my impressions of California, however crndo ‘and *incorrect they may be.- Your readcrs are.at liberty to take them for what they areworth. - i ". Tho great, characteristic poculiarity of Califor- ;PR O R ‘which, in January, coming as I did from the cold and snows'of Montina, seemsd to me most transcendently beantital and mild. The shrubs and flowers on the. mountain-gides and in the valleys aro opening their blossame, and the grass and winter whieat are green and fapidly 'jgx_a'win'g, being about: six_inches high. - Radishes sud other garden vegetables are ready for the table, .and everything botokens spring.- {he frogs peep ‘from the sloughs.and marshes by the roadaide, and the esrly spring-birds are slready building their nosts. -, . 9y : G . Tho climate of California s, beyond question, the finest'in the -States.” Tho-soil- is oqual to; any. Ko Californian can be found who does not religionaly believe this, and perhaps nobody out- eide will care to dispute it. id ¢ The agricultural mense, and in‘greater variety thian can be found on the globe. The prodigions. wheat crop last year is sa yet, in: large part, unsold. ' Tho wine - prodiict is very great and valuable. The mines of California produca snnually $25,000,000.: Tho aggregate agricultural *product is probably four times that of the mines.’. Woolen-mannfactar- 1ng, leather, shoes, wagons, harnées, and other’ manufacturing are -“nok - inconsidersble; whilo -the Navy-Yard at Mare Taland; in addition tothe ordinary work of onr own Govariment, is about toundertak the repair. of Russian’ ships, and the furnishing of *sfores, fo the smount of $2,000,000,—the mone: Pposit here to pay the bills. “With thesé resources, and others which ase not. nimed; it wowld Acem that hard times ought to be comparatively unkiovn in California. - ot T ‘am satisfied, from what I bave scen and heard, .| that thersare aro more poverty and destitution here; more:poor people out of work, seeking work, and unable to get work to d8; more: men worldng hard for low. wages,—wages_just sulfi cient to'enable them fo live from hand to mou? ‘more mercliants and busincsa "men complaining . of. hiard times and dull trade; more” house-own-. ers in tho citios cnd large towns wnabloto get .a. fair Yent; more stock-raisers, and wool-growers, and:farmers complaining of 10w prices,—than can be found elsewhere in the United States. In this aity; real eatate i¢ rapidly -on the deglin and almost all kinds of businesaat a stand-still, Mining' stocke were never go “low, and yot jt. would ssem that they have not yet touched bot— tom. The hoteld'are empty, and they aught. to -'be ; stores and houses stand empty, or are pg— ing a very nominal'rontal ; and everything indi- cates general depression. I hear much said about . tho probabls causs of this state of things, &nd 8 °. THE GENERAL CONCLUSION ~ e eeems to be, that there are “thr coniribute to the general resul - First—Monooly of the: soil by & faw capital -isigand rai S Ay A cap . Becond—An exclusive financial- gystem; which isolates the State from the other Unifed States. - Third—Ths - importation’ ‘of Chinese labor,- with which American-labor ¢annot successfully- - This is my own conclasion’;: and I emphasizo the first and sacond as’ the chiof causos; as, if’ they did not exist, the third would do 5o partic- | wular - mischief, “but perhaps contributi : the general- prosperity. - Two hundred - individuals own, in-the Btato“of Californis, from.-1,000 to 500,000 acres of land -each, About fifteoh per- -sons own from' 800,000 scres .to 500,000 mcres each. - The Central ' Pacifio Railroad 'Company own-12,000,000 acres. . As ono rides over the Btate, no small farms, or at least very few, of 160 acres or less, aroto boseen, Vast areasundivided by fences are seen- everywhere, which indicates- very plainly how the matter stands; = Thess lands are covered with vast herds of sheep and cattle;or-are cultivated-to~wheat; by cheap causes which' resourccs of the State are im- | being already on de-’f |- gress £ pass thiylaw, and- thus' opeira market merce and the productive industrics in Califorh nis; but, 35 to, the cause, we think thoiivrilére conclusions are entirely errgnooust’ 1t18 a pop-; uldr arzor that the gold currdncy of | thg’ Pacifi Coast i8 nt tho root of the unsatisfactory condi- tion of -trade thers; when fhe factis, that -and mining Lave been immenssly overdone. There are too many people trying to live by the interchange of commodities, snd by tho lottery of mining, and too few that ara content to settlo down to the more cortain, but smaller, profits of agricalture. Thereis toolarge s proportion of the entire; populationin citics, aud a greater accu- mulation of I-apital than‘can be profitably used in the judicious encouragement of legit- imato enterprises. There are only 700,000 people | in the threo States of California, Oregon, and Aovads, and- 150,000 6t this. 700,000 arefin San Francised, & city threo times too big for tho country, in ita present; stafe of development, Corfipare thif with - Chicago and’ itk 350,000 peo- ple, surrounded by » population of 1,noo,m5ur' the States of-.Iliingis, \Vidconsin, Iows, Mich- igan, and Indiana, and ‘the anomalons condition of San Francisco and Callfornia is apparent. If thero was any such loss or shrinkago on capital when it crosses_the boundary, betweon s greenback and'a gold currercy, a8 Ar.%l G. 1nes, there would be an equal profitin bringing capital tho other ‘way, “and- ttie supersbundant bank_capital and deposity of San Francisco would flow éastward:over tho Sierras. The of repeated charge that the Bank of Californin has amonopoly of_every important enterprieo is, wa beliove, made in an entire mistake of tho situa- tion. ,The Bank ot Calitornis, baving gatmonoy veited fn’ the starting of “dnterprisos ‘all aver tho State, finds itself, compelled to,invest more | and-more maney to: prevent their fallure.—ES, TRIBUNE.] THE, LOW PRICE, OF CORN, - i .One Canse Thereof. STERLIXG, Til,, Feb, 3, 1873, The Hon. Jameg J.-Pattersom, Rock Falls, Il = My DEAR 8) T have read with much inter- est the efforts that are being made, on the part . of the farmers of Illinois and other States of 'thé West; to find tho cause: pfithe!low; prides of- everything they have to sell, , There have been: varions reasons nssigned.) iSone of them are correct, and bave become glaring abuses ; and othors are apparently of minor importance, yét Aare l{ut the 1 orerunners of, ggcnmr oppresgjon. #Y Fliere ia'ori important cangs for the 16w price of corn,that T have not seon referred to ; and it. is for the purpose of calling Four attention to it that T address you this letter. Beforo the late Rebellion, this country ex<l| -ported epirituous liquors, in the-shaps'of alco-’ hol, to the amount, of 10,000 barrels a* month, or 120,000 barrels ‘a ‘year. To make this amount.; of.. epirits would require. 2,500,000 bushels of corn. Ilinois would fur- nish fally two-thirds of this article, and thus | find a ready market for that muchqorg. | ; Cobgress” found'it hiccefsary o' impods a tax upon epirits, and. .refused to. lot them be ox- ported unless the tax wes paid. This put'mr end toall exporting of Epirits, and for years it . was utterly impossible,to induco the Goyern- imant to'pask a liw' wheréby this” atticle " conld pass from the -country-free from the clatches of the tax-gathorer. During all that time, the Canadions were furnishing foreign countries withs spirits; and the corn of the Great West was begging s buyer at prices that would make beg- gars of the farmers that raised i S Bepeated efforts wore -1nade to -inddes Con- for- tho * immense - quantities "'of- grain’ that | wero “being” held all': over- the--West,; unable”“to " find ' & _remunerative - markot. Various -~ pretexts were offered “in- apology for-refusing this much-needed law, but never ono that would stand the test of argument.” To me it hiag been oné of the unexplained mysteries ‘why the Congress of the United States virtnally 8aid to the farmers. of the West,. Yon shall not have the advantage of this outlet for your grain. Pacific Railroads, Credit Mobiliers, and land-; grants to the monopolies'and ' oppressors of the country, could procura - all thie legielation-neces- sary g’{hek success; but the sgricultural inter- ‘eata of the country had no advocates in the cap- ital of the nation. = s --The distillers of: the country, being deprived of this outlet for their spirits, fonnd their busi- ness langyishing, and legitimate business nearly. or quite imposaible. -Finally, after years of ro- pested efforts for an -expors law, withont suc- Iornign—sananuy Chinese Iaborers, to the al- _most total exclusion of American labor ;. and the result i, that the * Blanket Brigade,™ fo called, - ~which consists of from five:to twenty young ‘en in company," with their blankets on their backs, traveling up and down tho Btate secking employment,~is to bs secn everywhore. As the cars etopped st the stations' along ' the Fallers crowds of men, numbering from 25 to 200 or 306 | g -around the-depots, With anxious, htmgry- faces, -and, as:I-am credibly infarmed, withnot s dollar, . 1many of them, in their pockets. - Thess men are generally miners; : ‘‘frozen out" by’ ths - cold, -ron hand'- of- “capital, and -no- -longer able to: maintaix fa ' foothold at their old, cesa, they combined all their intereats, went to ‘Washington, and obtained sufficient atentian to secure the long-needed law.- - e " Congress, by a judicious’ law; said spirits mighfi;r:j cxported. Now -let us:eeo -how sn Eastern Secrstary of.: tho Tre: and Commis. sioper of Internal Revenne find how nof {o do i . John 8. Miller, of this city, is's large dis- tiller of spirits, and is trying t0 export, upder this law, hLia ‘ products, Esporting. is sually done in 1,000-barrel lote._ ‘The Epints are placed in barrels day by day, under d cer of the: Government. By him thoy are gauged;” and then a stamp placed upon the-barrel, at a cost of 10 centa to the producer. _¥rom here the accustomed labor:: The - Chinese-can_live on littlo or nothing, and thereforo can ‘and do work. for vory small wages,—smaller than any Ameri- can can keep body and soul together with. - The Bank of-California, with- other associated -capitalists, hns sticceeded in-maintaining - © h A-QHINESE WALL OF HARD CURRENCY -~ -around the State, thua- isolating .her fluancially from tho- United States, -and mosb effectually: -excluding :trade, snd - commerce, -and’ foreign -capital, from-her borders. - An - Eastern ' man,- attracted by the climate, thinks ha would like to immigrate to California,and he sets himself to serionsly calculating the adyantages and disad- vantages_in a business: point of view. Allat’ oncehe discovers that, -if he immigrates, . his capital is at onco reduced one-eighth,- He had +§32,000 now.. Ifhe ;umuc!»lvu to~CallIiIorni 3 viz‘n crossing an imaginary line,- somewhere in'the Sieira Nevadas, - his down'® -to ... $23,000. - -He- will - lose of . ' iabor, - beside - expenses -and .other -incident - to -removal. - And it does not take much serions reflection_to. ‘make him disgusted with-the_thought of - going" ‘wliere tho people.are 8o- insatie as to erect & w: for the exproes Purpose- of -koeping him -out. Thius tlie capital is kept out of - California which . worild otherwige be taken here by the immigrant. _In 2 business or :commercial : view; the wall ‘i still more effectual. Merchants buy goods and. manufactures in-New.York, New-Ipgland, nnd Penosylvania, sud pay in greenbacks. . They add transportation, insurance, and large profits, and -sell for gold; whiclrthey swap, at 1240 14 ‘cants premium, for greenbacks, * In - this . way, :the -trade of Qrogon,” Washington, . Nevads, 1diho, | Utah, and Montapa has besn almost entircly dri from Ban Francisco;” The gold sys- --four Coof - RILLING.THE TRADE of 8an Francisca about s effectnally ‘ag” it ‘the : earthquake last fall had droppied it forty fathoms below the surfaceof- the “Pacific.Qcean. " Btill, tho -people seo 1t not.-.-They ‘are’-going to | buck-ggainst the pational system offinance, itil they a8 the little bull butted3the ongine, - i i trade of beat- their own- out,—tmtil few- hankers -and land-monopolists,- who have grown immensely rich*on theTuin of everybody | e Beople o tho greatand giofious Stato 0 o of the great and glofious Stato of Cxfifcm}:\e onco awake fo.the trae siate of things. - Lot them-immedietelyadopt - * : ; - : i THE CUBRENCY OF -THE COUNIRY, . and give up the folly of ‘aitempting to maintain’ a poculiar system ; -otherwise they will bitterly ; ‘ropent;of their madness when it ia.too Iate.” No State, not even New York or Pennsylvania, could in -to do succesefully: what Californis, with ey only & -emell’ fraction of 'their capital; hes at- | tempted. - The fact that California i o gold-pro- *ducing State- cuts no figure- whatever ;- -and yec this probably ig the igmis fafuus -which Bas‘led berinto the folly of - which ghe is now, and will continue to -be, tha victim,: Let: California hug- her - gold-delusion: *no - \—not’ ‘n, single- “moment.-- Bhe “cam ° now mitigate, but enrs of egregious stupidity on her part has in- zu.rva- grmembnth -and. farmera’ ‘begin to ‘see where and how a few capitalists: Iandholders, and demagogue politicians-have led ber. - Many have seen clearly, from the' begiuning of the folly; where it would Iand. her, : majority of ‘honest men of sense know -tat the Btate-will be within three , tnless her ial policy js reversed; -She would have - been bankrupt to- day had ot Providence como to her relief form of an unprecedented whaat- the past season:-~Tho product of her mines will materinl-, Iy diminish thisyear. -A failare of her wheai~ crop:will insure general .ruin’by y 1874, Jsuuary, This i3 the prediction of -at least nots- te!hevy - ter financiers than-your Vco;mg’ond;-}nz ol [The foregoing letter preun-cu :an mt’é&ém‘g{ and; a8 we have reasomrto- balieye, _pretty cor- vect, picture of"the finandial épndition of com- 1 pile "will suddenly melt | [,um; depressing _efTec not svoid, ~~the penalty’ which -eight |. &pirits go into 'a bonded warekiouse, - also in chiarge of another ofiicer. Mr. Miller then gives w bond that neither he or the officer: will steal | them. When Lis 1,000 barrels have accurnulated, they aro taken from bond, and’ once more gaug-- ed. If they fall. short ffom soakage: into- tho barrel, evaporstion, -or any. other cause, - Mr. Miller. must - for +all - there --is ~found _ ehort. - ‘Another stamp --is"placed upon i -each: barrél,..af 4 further oexpense of 25 conts to the. distuller.. In addition to this, ho gives » good and sufficient ‘bond -that those spirits shall be deliverad within & given time to s foreign port. ‘The spirits are shipped - diroct to_tho Collector of Customs in ‘New York. There it is regauged, at an addition- al oxpense, and, many times, -after such-a delay " s rendors it impossible to deliver it to a foreign, port withi the tim proscribod byla, and thero! is_great-danger of Ir. Miller's bond beng for- feited, and his spirits seizad by.the officers.. If -tho spirita fall sbort in hes to-pay for it; and, if they don't fall short, | tho ‘liquor is at once soized, on the ground that somaetling is wrong, for it ought to, 1nd should, | bo short in o shipment of 1,000 miles, - - & i - Should the .epirits _be destroyed, from any cause, while in transit over the railroad, or the wyessol: sink,.. the - distillor inust pay tha ‘tax on the entirolob. Should he refuse; hisbond “ip forfeitod, dnd his property confiscatod. .- Tlio practical effact of tho law is destioyed by this - exhibition -of **how mot todo it; " and exporting "spirits . might about as well be: pro- hibited. -- e liog) that it .makes but. Htflal’ Iam well awaro : difference:-to the.farmers whether spirits aro consunied at homo or abroad ; but it does make @ vast amount of difference-to -thom when'the : United States. Government practically. forbids tlie oxportatior to foteign countries.of 2,500,000 bushels of corn . annoally in tho shape of spirits, " Tho farmers of the West will. tind,: a8 they proceed in their- invostigations, that, while it is -trug that the railroad companies arcone of..the evils of whicls {hey complin, there are many others, -just’ as serious .as this, -that: have npon the sgriciitaral interests of the West. i ’ Tho siplo and plain truth~of the matter is, . that, while tho formers huve -bean-at home on their farms, busily engsged, the-legislation of " the nation has been all in the interesta-of rings, cligues, and combinations, and against ‘the.in. terests of the producers- of .grain in-the West. You will find that thera are many laws upon tho statute-books of tho nation, that -are oparating against your. interests ss much-ss, and even more than, the export Iaw .referred to in’ this lotter, .. .- ‘ - + Ku our attention to.tliis one. point, inag- L as your efforts {hus far. have been obly in one direction,—believing, as I do, that the caunses ‘l ‘aro numerous that have. prodm:exi the results we see'in the low _prices_ of everythiug the farmer has to eoll. -Pardon’tho length of this lotter,- and bolieve ms, respectinlly yonrs, 3 —_— 5 ... ATrueStory, . A correspondent of the Norfolk (Tenn.) Jour-., nal “has no doubt of the truth” of the follow-* ing. story,:which he -writes- from- Matthews Court-House; Va.: - - 3 3 =5t - *There appeared, during the last moments’ of }Mre, Silla Bummers; a strange Phenmnunon ‘and a coincidence probably unparall the neighbors were sitting in & lower chamber, where Mr, Summers was confined to hisbed with the rhenmatism. - He had his face toward the fire ; snadenly he asked them to look in the- fire, and -tell him if they saw nothing remaryable. - ‘Thay:| looked, and all at once nitered ‘an - tion -of astonishment; for thers; on the -face -of 's charred log, was plainly traced, in letters of fire, the namo of Silla, Al watched ‘it in. silence, some hoping, some fearing ita significance, Boon one letter went out, then another,-and another,-! till the last, when' imnitanconsly .there was a burst of grief from sn upper chamber. -The 1 Jects; of new and constantly-iricreasing y}nnibns tion of an offi: |. pay .-70_-cénts per..: gallon |, it .actually existe-to-day, in Now York, Alr. Miller [ : eled. ¢ A 'few of- |- emancipation 3 i — T ; 7 ' Aspect in .fhe; Environ, of Populati n. ‘What One May Discover in Morning Rides. Very mang even. of- those -most miemted(! in the growth of this city rely for their main fdcta upon thé figures of thé diréctory, and rarely Szd +the opportanity tp Jook npen the aspéctd of that -marvelots growth that is the modest bodst’ of our.citizens; -There are hundreds of..busiriess men who never in the course of the year got as {az away fronr their stores i offices as the city -limits and termini of the-streot- lines of: convoy- ance. Even these, howaver, shotild Teach sur- mises on the subject,’ by the:now familiar ob- lines to all points of the compass. Two years g0, it waa.a piyuggle to maintpin, s.single. Line i e Y g alea ) Jof tho business centre at long intervals for romof pdfats soufhiwest.anid ‘northyrest, but theso Wore looked fpon aa the vontures of ambitions oivn- ers of outlying property.-- Now, at busy hours of the day, one is astonished to seo_the well-filled -omnibuscs Tol{ info Sfatdstreet from the'three “divisiona of thie city;; and? tho { wonder grows - wherd-all-theso prtrons'corio from= The averago business man will be repaid .by,an hour or two spared from bis office to answer the question. ! Porhape hd remembers Eow dsay 1t nsed ta bet ribwest, and southwest,.snd laak out o_open prairie. Let him try.this now, and Yo will find the fact of distance will call for tinio a8 well as astonishmenti * We found ond of these surprised parties,yosterday,on Lake stréet,! st Westarn avenu und hifia around and beyond’ are ‘solid, comfortable; and elegant homes, business blocks in_stone and brick, ‘carrying évery symbtl of ‘s’ brosperons neigbbarhood trade. The wide strip of territory *added to the'West Division by the Park bill has, been“‘marvelowsly transformed. - Andsomething more has-haen-dons than to-create subdivisions simply for map and sbstrict-makers. Thera are moro rosiderits, and bttor tokgng of improye:’ ment ¢f Gvary kind, bggggfl»vgau%rqqne to- day, fHian ‘thére ivere bélow Twenly-setond street a few years ago. Everywhere are the appearances L of 8 um‘dgn&u pg)nlatiun that u:fibu,re to athy, and neighborhoodsthat havesecuredthe elements | and surroundings of ‘environs worthyof Ghieago. "Fhesé extend northward ' aud “thereaiay “west ward until one is vastly astonished ats what has, been done'in the vicinity of Irving Park, and in the once wide gap that cut_off Holstein from Chicago. ,.Bouthwaest.it is .the. same; and;more 80'when ona Hotes the'suggestions of <the near and wonderful fature of the great manufactur- ing region of the South Bratich, with its great' outlay™in_ vast manufacturing-estublishments,: upon tho industris of which ate already medi tated a demand for.. four- —~operatives; calling for & domestic and supporting population. of trenty thonsand so Yo s wa * We 16 not. writing!: real estato article. *. We ‘are not pogwnéing to nl’d yaluiss, present ugm! spectives Waare ‘giving the presentment mado £0 the &ye of the eitizen who shall push his morning or evening drive westward on Madi- &on or Lake street until ho reaches the limts of. i netual improveménts; whencs he'can lobl iort! ;;z‘:i:nnthj and distover the :Not in{word in' Tost what is'to be done, only what' has* been- done, in the fow years- that havo made Ash- | Iand’ avenuo ' almost . central street betweer oast"and weat.~If thé next morning ho takes his drive southward -along - the“ldko shore, pre-. ared to go until he reaches open prairio, ho Will Equ a second astonishment.at disc6éring how ths once @attered sthtionsof the Tllinois Contral suburban trains are now all that will tell him of, Konwaod and HydePark: ;The North 8ite rould Dbé outraged in'sonl it” the'thitd morming did not. take him.inthat direction.: If.ho stopped to look at'wide gaps in tho fine_residenco quarter be- tween the river and Lincoln Park, east_of Clark—{ streot, he would at’lenst distover” thit the whole hea been set apart, ruled, like a boy's copybook, ‘with: the copy:set for-a -close and notably hand- _some ares -of city homes nearer . to - the heart of ‘business than they can 'be*brought in sny other West of Nortli Clark- streef he tould find Bopslysa mapy buldings in mumbos 83 tho whole Nortt 8ido contained bofors tio fre! the now: 2t Di- ine of building carried o far sions ireet Beems actually ‘4 dc Itis this,'and :precisely thia! kir looking about town that our business men and capital- ists need.- -Cenired ~in” -their ‘¢Wn “Mffaire, ca- bined by their cares, fow of them know anyihing of the actual growth of €hicago, aud might even learn much from Tue' TRIBUNE carriers, and Unclo Sam's.postal boys in gray, blonses, Tt ‘will be & healiby stddy for -not & few among na who have been standing epell-bound at.the mar- vollous wth, of .our business centre. Y stare ot this dity of_tall; magnieent blocks, built st the rate of onébusiness siructure in every hour of the twenty-four during the season of con- ‘stractian, 'and wonder: who 1 _to guppbrt all these. . :Qur advicois; totake to” Chiedgo stracts, the best riding thoroughfares o8 a whole in the world, and go.out and-see: Thero nro men to-day here, 'ald _residents, who look at_these rebuilt streets; in'the heart - of tlie city, and are uneasy. because they still think of Twenty-second struet, o Halsted: street, . and Chicago svenue’ as suburban, becaues they saw them thus only a faw seasons, ago, and hayo. n\‘knowl e of- them, sinico, - We hopo these_gentlemen will riof think ‘of taking their simmer trips abroid before they Lknow a littlo more of the growth of Chicago s &nd e have taken a li‘t’tlu' time. and. gpaco to ghow them how:to set abont % x s i In fiew of Hénry Ward, Beecher's appautanco here to-motrow night, for the first time in “telve yents, it is interesting to-know>jpat- how o feela: toward the West, ! in ‘whick hé made bis start in Jife, and the follawing words spoken; to his congregation beforo leaving them, on last Bunday; willbo read- with grestinterest by; his admirers here: S It 18 nay twalve yoars dinde Ihavetaken” the liberty tqléave my own church; but have generally made it 3 - -oint uniiformly ¢o bo present and Yo my own preach-, Lotk moruing and .evenivg,. Oxchanging. almast Hever, and thex groaningly. Now; thep, it is only fair that the pastor may take a littie ibesty.: Tou stay away ‘when you have a mind t, and I ‘ought to have the 1 erty t da so y. -In- this.instance the ab- 8ence is more thmr urd ity ot me,-~I go back to the old familiar places in which my own public life began, Nobng can tell, no words csn_cxpreest| (here Mr. Beecher paused, almost overcome by emo- tion) o depth of the affection Hat™ T fé€l” for the West, and to this biour feel the pain of thaseparation from there, 1§u ‘back to places: now,; citiea are throngh which I have waded knée-degp in mud. I [ back to make a circait of 3,000 miles and deliver sev- in twice as much time 50 mfes when I Journesed first {rom Cincinuati, Twelve yeara agoil made gubatantially the same circit, Then.it'Began on the Aldnday following the bombardment of Fort Sum- 1,-and the proclamation calling out 75,000 43 I mde fuy trip Tran’ along ‘the'verge of 4 line of fire, and was greeted with the rpll of the , the trum- pet’s sound; ' the 'flashing « of ithe: bAydnet, teass, nud Dparting salutations ot “every station, I went into Cin- ciopati, and that goodly poople were 8o alarmed est. Kentucky should come over and_swallow them up that they would not let me speak, and L hag to shake off the dpst of that eity. from my féet,. I had'to goron without theluxury Of talling’ them _ what - I: thought of them, Times are ‘changed: a thomsand Years ago did not incindo 80 great a change as that .which 4welve years have made in this Natian—so great s change as that by which elsvery has_been torn ap, by tha ‘roots; aristocrncy shattered never (to be restored— such - chinge. as this followed by mo posce- (ul - 'arr- ~adjustment of - has . never ‘before taken placo in 50 brief a time. I muke now my prilgrimage to thé Wekt again under aspects s thou. Band times more propitioun, and with the mswurance that 1 ain & citiZén of a country free in fact; and which I can travolin every. part without peril to life or; imb, When last I went WestIkept the line,~Mason and gxmy line,—and there was danger in saying that od made men frée and the Devil only took their Lt erties awsy; but now thero is nd.emch danger, and -there-is not o State in- which - I-cannof trayel unmo- Jested ; thers s not.a. State fn which T cannot state ‘whatever {8 right for any man tossy. I'glory in the i of my country; I glory in thiswith s Joyous epirit, with gladneas I cannot express; proud now of my country’; ITejoica in her destiny, I'may never again have an unity to set my foat in the West, and I go with ess, and although yon ‘cannot participate in my enthusizsm, I Xnow you sym- pothizein 1t in tho largest degres. 1 shall be abaent ‘but two Sabbaths, and be with you rgain on tha sacond . THE GROWTH OF CRIGAGDE" ) "f earthed |rTegaz ground, ehio took 2 glass bottle filled with gua. powdor and poured a circlo around it, then® big till the dog was about to take the egg, when ehy would touch it off. This ghe did twite, but the third time s coal of fira which she did ‘mot ngy caught the powder, and tho bottle burst in hew d, burning her face, neck, and hands. Her dress'was burned entirely off. Thres childme. Laving followed her, two of them were barnad: ‘uno&% ot 5 years.ald, severely, tha otheralight. Iy. The eldest, having n;c:fgl ju: purt, gereamed dv \petishéa.” for help, or thegmust &l Th dog now whines for gunpowder to est. with 1oy eggs T ——— A VALUABLE DISCOVERY. -~ Immense Quantitics of Tin Ore on the Shores of Lake Snperior. From the New York Herald, Feb. 2. To tho discovery of minoral deposits on tha shores nnd beneath tho bed of 6 Superior there seems tobe noend. Tho extrnor&‘e‘i,? rich mines of native copper of that region havy attracted tho attention of the worid, whils ity mountains of unsurpassed iron ore arg neacly ay widely known. Aore recently exceodingly righ deposits of s been found ang profitably worked on tho morth ghom, mear Thunder Bay, while othor deposits of o gamo ;metal bave o just hesn: on theilIron Biver, imrtho vicinity of Parcuping fountains, on the sonth cosst:. ‘Raportd of gol discoverics in the immediate vicinityof the lake, at various points abont its wosterly end, react; us, with every evidence of credibility. 2Byt «miorp “viluable faPthadall tFeea is the Fecent’ discdvery of tinforg in the samaiprolifie fquantities and richhcss that characterise'all thy eposits of that wonderful ‘Conntry, ‘This diy. covery, the latest and as yet the lcast developed of toy of the mineral discoveries of the geglon, promises to, -ba -the most important aud | valushle! bocapse 'of. the Seakeity of the metal op this continent sndita universal nao in *8zo of tho world There hsvo boen several alight traces of tin ore_found in varions localities in the Unitdd Stites asd ‘Moslco s nap none of them Have daveloped the metal in gnfm. cient quantities to repsy the cost of mining. Some years ago the Unifed States Goverument, Jealizing. the"-valuo - sud -importancs..of this ‘metal, .offered a reward. of £100,000" for itg discovery in “quantitios - suflicient to jus- tify.its mining,'and tho Cansdian - sithorities ;alko offered a liberal roward for the samo ob. ect. " Both of theee offers, affer standing open fof yearswithout accotplishing the doairad pur- pose, were subsequently ~withdra: : Now American entérprise and shiergy have brotight to light what these large rewards Tailed to Gisclocs, . The-deposits, which havo.hoen.so recently dis- coyered are virtually inexhaustible, and, accord~ ing to'the anialyesa of tha ‘ores ‘that' have been made, ave, lilts tha othermatalic deposits of ‘the | Lake Superior region, of unexamipled richnass, ‘A fow years 2go, a vein of virgin ailver was diz. covered on a nearly submerged islet; fust off ths entrance to ‘Thunder Bay, on the north shore of tho Iake. This -discovery. was fallosed b (formation of a company, with ample capifal, that 8 now working st that point ono of the most ege cesatal silver mines in tho world.-This dlscovery stimulated the!zéal of explorera, with iyhom!thy wholo north ehiore was soon covered. Theso env terpriing sdarchers after hidden'wbalthsoon un. ‘otharbeds of silver along thie Gosst in thy vicinity of Thunder Bsy, and 100 miles back in the:interior, in theregion of Shobandowea Lato, bronght to fight promising bods of quartz rickly studded with gold, This-discoveryhias ramained I i ma, it : n-tlie Fro ameg; Ontario,and Manitoba.as-ta the ownership of the soil, and ity ‘of the for:~the _the subscquent ~ina} “obtsin i patents: = for But the adventurous oxploring par- -oul « i discovergrd - to land. morth” of ; Michipicoten Island,- came.:npon a sorics of well dofingd veing of mineral deposits, cutting' throngh” the lofty: clilly it ‘line tha | coast, and losing themselves, in:the. fathomlees depths. of the lake. Theso veius yielded an excaadingly hird, dark, nd Beavy Gro'thatwas -unknow to the explorers; .but was sugposed tobeiron. Specimens woro secured for -azsay, ‘but when tested for iron failed to yield that metal. Traces, more or less, of -copperand ‘sil- ver,wera found-in- some of_tha, spocimens, and gome dtid yield 5 fair show of irop, but nota “sufficient” percentago to sccount’ for ~thd igh specific’ gravity ‘of the ora.. Tho assayers to whom _the specimens were submitted, were either wholly. unacquaintod with tin, or elsa be- causo, that métal was so completely unknows on this Continent, they failod -to_guspoct its pros. ence, and therefors made no ‘tests for it; and 80 the valuo of the discoveiy was for s long time unknown. Some assay that wero © made ® of . the Trpfact <ot 1hose veins 8id prodnce a;whit uulv fvhtich, &3 ‘silvér was thio métal ‘sought, waa takar for sil- ‘Yer'without macli scratiny. ° 'Buat later-xnd mors thamu%h and mora _gcigntific analyses, made by Prof. Vi i!ii[nma oghealfiax;m; School a&’lfinu, at Rolls, Mo.; by Dr: Aug, F.Jentin emis aid Assivar of the Detro Minsraloziosl liaig and Assaying Associstion, and by Dr. Torrey, of fho Unitod States aseay Difice in, thisgeity, ex al blislted the prsence of, ‘tin in prolifa guant .- Dr. Torrey says: *° - - This o7 s 8 trus tin-stono or caseiterite, mized with -gUiariz, B-mé of'it is massive, but atonsiderstls par tom of thespocimen exa:ined 1a -ia -the form o emall, translncent - quadrangular | prisms, , soma, ‘which are perfectly torminated, The average of ‘the *samples yiclded 33,3 per cent of metallic tin. It would boeay {0 concentrate the pulverized mineral to 8 cane siderably higher percentage of motal. Dr.~ Jonmings analyzed- & ‘great” hinibef of g gecimnns, producing an -aggregate i anyarage 610 of 5.7 per cant of métaitic: fi.. Boma ot b epecimens yielded . 08 high. as ‘577 Fnre . porting his acalysis, hesaya:.,. : 4. - .4 “The ores gxaminéd are free from any injurious mine erals,’ and’ especially wolframite, fiLfifltfllmhfiV ciated with tin ores, and whenever present always de- preciatesithe value of themining property and‘produc, The g gravity of -wollramite 80 élosely spprozi ashing eannor separiss Abe s Sathactomay. e was| 10 Alis ‘t¥0 ctortly, Tesults of myinvestigations have conyinedd me yum the wetal nu;% :;um ‘I‘:‘.’i, ores cann mw ) purity nor in tho cost of working: « + + Tho locdtion of thia-wonderfnl and miosh time Iyidigcovery,’ as” already intimated, north shore..0f .the- lake,~in . the - provincs of Ontario. _The precise point is sbout_midwsy -beteeh the Sault St. Mary Cdral “And> THunder Bay, tmmediately. ofpwite-l!idliplcazeli Tatand. ‘Tho casst in this locality js high,,rocky and byrren. - Cliffs of solid ‘granits wrise from the bosom of the lake fo an_aititude of 1,000 feet, | their toos covered with & _sparse growth_of. fir and'cedar, - Fhis. rock-bourid cosst! is-broken by an occasiopal.. ravine,- through which some mld mountain streams find a precipitons ‘course to; the* graud ‘recetving( foadrypir; 11 Tha mouths‘of theso streams’ afo ubually bropd ind Geep, furnishing secure and.-begutital. htcbors, . with sulicient . borders of. lowland for commer- cial purpoees. Theze lowlands are covered with evergreens and white . birch. —A- “Chipe pewa Indians wander throngh the forests bask of tho lako in that vicinity, and eubsist by trap- ‘PiDg: obter.and. beaver. 'the fars' of ¢which ;ixby igell :to! oceasional ‘tradarsli alofig jthe ‘comst: wolves, and’ deer m-ué <slsa in the woods{ and sbundonce of water foil and fish oft the ,finest , qualify Jax bl to'be fodnd in the ‘lake. ‘and eutuaries:. The region is really & wilderness, presenting ell the features of natural’ grandeur, beanty and 8oli- +tude,that -struck . the " attention ;of the originsl [discaverers of this Contlnent.; There: is 'gfi ] single civilized' human’ being residing- withi fitty miles of Otter. Head, thopgh a vantazesome half-breed Canadian, Wwifh' s fall-blooded squs® for a wife, and 3 buxom lase, mora Indian {hsa. -whité, their ddughter;’ havo ‘stablished them- selves at the head of ' the harbar at Otter Hesd and propoze to remain thero this winter fo frids with the Indians.. Thia is the firat settlementof what rlag:afinug to l;‘e {he most considerable and important point on Lake Superior. - .~ “Tha tinproducing region, so far-as explorsd d surveyed, extends along the lake ahore Irom tter Hond southensterly for a distance of abont twelvemiles. Tho first discoverics -wera: susds _Dear the mouth of the Puckersquaw River, eight ‘miles below Otter Head, sinca which time oW deposits bave béen succéssivoly discov: til now not' less than" fifty well-defined £% sure veins of ore, with multitndes of f have. been " .brogg like 8 < vast *metwork’ ‘of+ miheral’- Over the . whole area sbout from a point.. three miles below the -Puckersquaw- to: the- Ridesd River, eight or ten miles above, and rupaid pack from this Iake across the lofty clifs il “28 far a8 any explorations have been mads. Tb? gxcecdingly igged and procipitons charsciEo! thef dotery rendord fdland travel atimost/ars £ pogsibility, so that " explorations - havel mainly confined . to the coast pm&-:,.thm@ soms - of - ‘the, Infger veins . have --beiD traced geveral miles inland,.:while ‘Indisns report even 'richer @ fodes # 2 still greater distance'from the lake. Somd the'veins. aro found. to be from .six to; Ewelf® 5 Sunday in March for the communion of the church, | Curing 5 Dog of Sucking Eggs. - This is tho way awoman ¢ Rising-Sun, Ind., ' oured s dog of sucking 3 4] Thomsa Murrel, living. on place, being troubled with dogs ‘eating her heng lsst spark” of life in Silla Summers-wert out tozether with tho last letter of hey name." - egge, thought she'would give them & lesson they would r muxnbe_ r. So, ph_chl an e wife1of | cut roadway, to mark their presence and etzell Bhoppard's | These nfi& f bo tracod ¥ gr.rmwua ek 480 |"until they are loat in it great depth: feot in thickness, aa glearly shown by the actios of.time and the elements in wearing them 8T .where exposed to atmospherio- i ing the Wi i ide like & well 3 it 0 8 g the granite walls .on either side ed #crosa”the rugged. Hig Sront etk of ] to .and. beneath. thh:' ;. L ' i i I i E h i i e S TR AT