Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 24, 1872, Page 4

i ‘_I‘HE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1872. Y TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. - l"r_n‘l,lfi OF EUBSCRIPTION éPA!ABL}: IN ADVANCE). iDaily, by mai o o und! o il Weekls S13:00| ey $3:80 Parts of a year at the same rate. To prevent delay and mistekes, bo sure and givo Post ‘Office address in fall, including State and County. *_Remittances may be made either by draft, express, Post "Office order, or in registercd lettors, at our risk. TERME TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Dails, delivered, Sunday excepted, 2 conts per woek. Daily, dclivered, Bunday included, 30 conts per week. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison znd Dearborn-sts., Chicago, il TRIUNE Branch Offce, No. 463 Wabash-av., in the Bookstors of Messrs. Cobb, Andrews & Co., whero ‘advertisements and subscriptions will be recelved, and will have tho same attention =s if left at the Main Office. e — CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S TRIBUNE. FIRST PAGE-Political, New York, and Miscellaneous Telographic News. BECOND PAGE—New York Letter: Jay Gould's Com- promise with the Erle Railroad Company—Houso Decoration for Christmas~Washington Letter: A Congroseman's Abuse of His Privilego; Mr. James Brooks' Attack upon Colonel A'Comb—New Publi- cations—Cachiso: Governor Safford's Account of His Intervicw with tho Apache Chief—General Nows Items. THIRD PAGE-The Law Courts—Railway Nows—A Ro- iaanco in Feal Life: Reappearancoof s Man Sup- posed to Have Been Mardered—Railroad Timo Table —Adrertisements. FOURTH PAGE—Editorials: Reduco the Taxos: Pro- fessor Tyndall end His Lectures—Adulterations— _Current Nows Items—Notes and Opinions. ®IFTH PAGE-City Council Mceting—County Matters— Personal_Markets by Telegraph—Advertiscmonts. SIXTH PAGE—Monctary and Commercial—Advortise- ments. SEVENTH PAGE—Horace Grecley: Tostimony of ithe Zritune Foreman in the Contested Will Caso—Safe Robbery: Exploitaof 3 Rogae with Moro Boldness than Sense—Duluth: How Twenty Thooeand Dol- lars Hung on Twents-seven Days—A Chaldeau Story of the Deloge—Small Advertisemonts: Real Estate, For Sle, To Rent, Wanted, Board and Lodging, etc. EIGHTH PAGE—Washington News—Amusements—Mis- céllancous Telegrars. MVICKER'S THEATRE—Madison street, bebwecn State and Dearborn. Engagemeat of Miss Charlotto Cushman, ** Guy Mennerin, ‘HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE—Randolph streot, be- twoen Clark ond LaSalle. New Comedy Company. *4 I'ho Lancashire Lass.” ATREN'S THEATRE-Wabash avenue, corner of Con- ‘gress strect. Engagement of Lawrenco Barett. **Jnlins Cmsar.™ ACADEMY OF MUSIC— Halsted etreet, south of Madison. Engsgement of tho Carroll Family. New Sen- eational dram, omitled ** Our Mother.” AMTERS' OPERA HOUSE—3foarce streot, between \Stste and Dearbora. Atlington, Cotiton & Kemble's instrel sad Burlasque Troupe. GLOBE THEATRE-Dasplainas street, botween Madl- son and Weshingion. Tho Leon Brothers. **Tho Union Scout.” NIXON'S AMPHITHEATRE-Clintonstzcet, botween <S¥ashingion and Bandolph. Engagement of Zoo. BUSINESS NOTICES. VANA LOTTERY. GRAND, EX- A g, whole Hekeis §60, . B MATL TIREZ & CO., Bankors, 10 Wall-st.~ Box 4%, P. 0., New York. ATCHELOR'S HAIR DYE. THIS SPLENDID B"d;c is the best in the world. The only true and per- Harmlcss, reliable, and instantencous; n 'nt : no ridiéulous tints or unpleasant odor. Reme- 0 11l effects of bad dyes and washes. Produces im- tely 5 superb black or natural brown, and leavos tho nd beautifal. The genuine, signed W, A. o by all _droggists, CHARLES SATCHELOR, Proprictor, N. Y. C. C. COLLINS, BOYS' CLOTHING, 184 AND 185 CLARK-ST. TheChivage Tribune, Tuesday Morning, December 24, 1872. In the Stokes trial yesterday, the hall-boys of the Grand Central Hotel, in which Fisk was ehot, repeated their former evidence. No new testimony has been offered s yet. England has formally notified to Prince Gortschakofl that any trespass of Ruegian troops mpuz the terxitory of Afghanistan will force her o interfere in behal of Afghan independence, for which she grows solicitous, when she finds that it lies on the Russian road to India. Washington despaiches contradict the state- ment they made the other day, that Postmasters svere heresfter to be held accountable for the Poss of registered letters. Postmaster General Creswell is 10w reported as gaying that no such suling was ever made by him, and that in 10 case il the Post Office or its officials be responsible Zor such losses. A strike of coal-miners at _menln, like thst wrhich is troubling Springfield, has been settled by the concession to the workmen of the advance they claimedof one cent 2 bushel. At Springfield, neither the owners nor the miners have with- drawn from their position. All the coal-yards gre empty, and the minera in conceri with fel- Jow-laborers abroad are attempting to stop the supplies from the surrounding country. As s ‘part of this plen, the miners at Danville threaten <o strike if coal is sent thence to Springfield. Spain is preparing to begin in Porto Rico the yoforms which Prime Minister Zorilla has so pften announced will be denied to Cuba as long &8 ainglo insurgent remains. The Cortes yes- terday passed the Government biill making the civil branch of the Government of Porto Rico independent of ihe military authorities, and giving the island the rights of local self-govern- ment which are accorded the provinces of Spai; The bill for the abolition of slzvery in the isl- anad kas been introduced, and will be pressed by the Ministr A project to elect Mr. Maynard, of Tennessod; Epeaker of the noxt Hozso of Representatives, and to make Afr. Kelley Chairmen of the Commit- tee of Ways and Means, is a part of the political fol-de-rol of the day. Mr. Maynard basnomore chance to be eiected Speaker against Blaine than Congreseman Snapp has to edorn his noble form with “the shirt of Nemesjs.” Maynard repre- sents the Chinese wall of protective tariffs, and =21l manner of narrowness and solf-conceit. He istoo smell a pattern altogether to make any ‘headway against an athlete like Blaine. There are now 183 patients in the Northern In- esne Asylum of this State. The Trustees re- port that when the Asylum is finished it will 2f- ford more room than was anticipated when the plans were made. All of the eppropriations made by the Legislature, to the amount of $304,- 487, have been spent, excepting a small balance of $4,020.61 now in the Treasury; and more will be needed. The land which was given to the inetitution is nsed as a farm,which is worked by the able-bodied among the inmates, who thus bring health fo themselves and add largely to the resources of the Asylum. The Cheyenne Zeader comes to0 us with a vig- arous protest against what it calls the Rape of Wyoming, or the proposed annexation of a por- tion of Wyoming Territory to Colorado, in order . 4o give the latter snfficient populstion to be de- cently admitted into the Union as & Btate. The Leader affirms that Wyoming possesses the nat- modate the ambitious designs of Colorado. The latter Territory, it says, has only 50,000 in- habitants, and with the addition of Wyoming would havo only 65000, or only one-half the number required for = Congressional District. The consequences likely to follow the proposed annexation, if we may believe the -Leader, are truly terrible, They include the crushing out of human energy, stopping the march of civilization, undoing all that has been done, and blasting the bright prospects of all that might be done, in the fair Territory of ‘Wyoming. The Chicago produce markets were less active yesterday, except wheat, and generally dull. Mess pork was quiet and easicr at $11.65@11.75 cash; $11.60@11.70 seller January, and $11.85@11.87}4 geller March, Lard was less active, and steady 8t $6.95@7.00 per 100 Ibs cash, and easierat $7.80@7.35 seller March. Meats were dull and unchanged at 83¢c for shoulders ; 53¢ for short ribs; 5%c for short clear, and TX@T%c for green bama. Dressed hogs were steady at 5@ 100 decline per 100 Ibs, closing at $4.30. High- wines ware dull and }@1clower, at 89 per gallon. Flour was steady and more active. Wheat was active and strong at 1@13(c advance, closing at $1.18 cash, 81.18}¢ seller January, and £1.20}4 seller February. Corn was dull and unchanged, closing at 803¢c cash, 30%c scller January, and 86¢c seller May. Oats were rather more active and a shade firmer, closing at 243¢ cash or sel- ler January, and 25¢ seller February. Rye wes firm at 1@134c advance, closing at 6734c. Bar- ley was dull and weak, closing 2t 65c for No. 2, and 50@52¢ for No. 8. Live hogs were dull and & ghade lower, with sales at $3.50@3.80. Cattle wore firmer, owing to small supply. ‘Sheep were unchanged. George Catlin, the well-known American ar- tist, who died yesterday, in the 78th year of his age, was born in Wyomirg, Pa. He was educated for tho law by his father, who was himself a law- er, but after practising two years an irresisti- ble bent turned him fo art. It was while paint~ ing in Philadelphia that his attention was first culled by the sight of a delegation of Indians in that city to the Indisn studies upon which his fame rests. The por- traiture of eavago character and life became his ruling passion. To gather materials, he went to St. Louis, made the scquaintance of Choteau, the celebrated Indian leader, and with him went to the Yellowstone rogion, where he buried him-~ self for years among the red men. He visited forty-eight tribes, nnmbering 400,000 souls, and collected the subject for tho cartoons which have been so widely exhibited in *his wuatry and Epgland. He wrote as well as painted, and hss given us, on his special sub- Ject, two octave volumes, copiously illustraded. He leaves behind him a work that will preserve his memory and that of the unfortunate races now so rapidly passing passing awey. It will be remembered that some time ago essrs. Hopkins and Carpenter, of the New York firm of Hopkins & Co., were arrested in Michigen upon a writ of ne exeat, and were made to yield & zontract which they had for complet~ ing a railroad from Lansing to Chicago, as well 28 the stock which had been advanced to them on this contract. They had been agents for ne- gotinting the bonds of the Railroad Company, and had advanced money to the Compsny, Having subsequently taken the contract to build the road themselves, they had received an advance of sufficient stock to give them control, and had proceeded to Michigan for the purpose of elect- ing their Directors. Hence the arrest. The bail was fixed so high that they were forced to s settlement, by which thoy surrondered all the stock and bonds they had. As some of these bonds subsequently found their way into the hands of another Kew York agent, Hopkins & Co. sued for an injunction in the New York courts, and for the protection of the lien which they had for moneys formerly sdvanced. The injunction was granted, and a decree has been entered that the bonds must be brought into court, that the amount of the Hopkins claim may ‘be ascertained. The New York Trfbune, or rather ths owner- ship thereof, hag now swung entirely around the circle, having come back into the hands of Mr. Gresley's political executor, Mr. Whitelaw Reid. The Zribune pow reaffirme its purpose to ‘maintzin tho attitude of ¢n indopendent journal, adhering to those Republiczn principles which it has contributed 8o much to esteblish, but bound to no party, Do faction, no Administration,—bound only to declare thoe whole counsel of God LX) understood by those who own the paper. This isa noble and wise conclusion of the late un- plensantness. It may costthe Tribunesomeof its weekly subscribers to adhere to this policy, but it will gainin daily circulation and alsoin in- fluence ; for so far as the public are convinced that it is guided by the convictions of its editors and not by the behests of the caucus or the sup- ‘posed needs of the party, so far will they give it their confidence snd petronsge. Mr. Reid has achioved a nofeble victory, and the pddition of 80 ehrowd and capable & man a8 Mr. William Or- ton to the proprietorship of the paper will nal be without value to the concern. e ——— Thers is & movement in Connecticut for & Con- etitntional Convention, and also for & change in the Representative sysfem. The present Consati- tution dates from 1818, &nd it maybe imegined that its provisions are but pporly suited fo the wants of the present time. One of the provis- fons which it has handed down necessitates "the grossest misrepresentation of the people in the Btate Legislature. The Constitution fixes the number of Representatives absolutely according to towns, andnot sccording to their relative populstion. Thus a township, which may now include s city of 10,000 inhabitants, has but one Representative, while another township of 600, which hes not increased in population since the quots was fixed, over 50 years ago, has two Rep- resentatives, The fact is, that an aggregate pop- ulation of 185,638 people in ten towns have only sixteen Representatives, while ten other towna, whose population aggregates only 7,274 people, ‘have an equal number of Representatives. The peopls have felt the injustice of this political legacy for a long time, but the parties have been 80 evenly balanced in the State that it was im- possible to secure a reform. In addition to this movement, there is another calling for a Consti~ tntional Jonvention to consider the introduction of the *Minority Representation” plan of vot- ing, and the provision for alonger tenure of of- fice and less frequent elections, The queation of regulating railroad freights is being somewhat vehemently discussed by the press of thig State and Iows, and the indications nral advantages fo become itself & State at no far distant dsv. nnless dismembered to accoms | are that the several Western TLegislatures will tacklo the auestion, With more or leas determina~ tion to put down rates by law. The more discreet advocates of these measures, however, acknowl- edgo that the acts of s single State, evenif enforced, will not reach the evil of high freight charges Eastward—the main difficulty in the case—which are controlled by roads running through several States. They, therefore, call upon Congress to take the matter in hand. If it is supposed that legislation is actually a remedy for the existing melancholy state of things, then it is desirable that its consideration should be devolved upon & body mot only possessing & higher range of intelligence than the average State Legislature, but also & Jjurisdiction wide enough to cover the ground. Perhaps Congress can devise & way to carry two car-loeds of freight in one car, or can call cars and Jocomotives from the vasty deep; or, failing in that, can compel & railrond to carry the freight of A B at half the present price, it the expense of not carrying the freight of C Datall. The truth of the matter is, that the carrying capacity of the ronds from Lake Michi- gen to the Atlantic is inadequate, Shippers bid against ench other for freight-room, and there- by put prices up. Nevertholess, if legislation is to be applied to the matter at all, let it bo some legislation broad enough to deal with in its en~ tirety, and not merely the aggregating nonsonse of the separate States, which keeps the word of promiso to the ear and breaks it to the hope. Tho telograph, in our last issue, brought the news of several disastrous explosions of kitchen boilers and ranges, coused by the sudden cold. Some of them proved fatal to kitchen employes, and all of them were markod by unusual force aud violence, in some cases oven shattering rooms to pieces. Tho kitchen range in the Cath- olic Orphan Asylum of this city esploded yester- day morning, leaving that institution, with its 250 inmates, without the means of cooking, and there have undoubtedly been namerous other explosions of this kind here, although nome of them, as far as wo know, have proved fatal, Peo- ple cannot exercise too much caution in regard to tho care of their plumbing during this intensely cold weather. The water should bo turned off, both ebove and below, at night, and the faucets left open 8o 2 to run off all that is left in tho pipes. This will give a froe circulation of air through the pipes, and may provent freezing and tlie consequent bursting of pipes. In kindling tho morning fires, also, great caro shonld be taken not to expose the water- pipes in the stove or range to an intenso and sudden heat. These pipes are apt to be burned out or clogged up with doposit beforo one is aware, g0 that the circulation of water is very defective. In such cases, the chances of explosion are very much increased. An edditional precaution iz to leb the water oif from the boiler at stated intervals. Too much care cannot be exercised, as it re- quires but & very little freezing of a very little water to derange the wholo eystem of plumb- ing in & house. The cold-water pipes can be ensily managed if the water is thoroughly run off. The most danger is to be spprehended from the hot-water pipes, and the prudent | housekeeper who wishes to avoid a very serions plumbing bill, and perhaps worse results, will ‘use every procaution with regard to these while the cold weather lasts. The main argument in favor of Postal Tele- graph is that, under Government control, cheaper rates would be established; and it is claimed that the people at large would lose nothing by sucha reduction, ss the increase of business would bring in sufficient revenue to connterbalance the increase of expenses. The statistics of the telegraph do not confirm this ropresentation. Sir Jamas Anderson, of Eng- land, and M. A. Lamar, of Belgium, two gentle- men who have thoroughly studied the compara- tive receipts and expenditures of telegraphs at varions conditions of the business, make an entirely different report, Sir James Anderson declares, as & result of his investigations, that “a reduction of tariff lends to & diminution of the net profit, even under the most favorable conditions.” M. Lamar has diacovered that in Belgium, a country noted for its low rates of telegraphing, all ro- duction of tariff has resulted in & similar dimi- nution of the net profit ; and Sir James Ander- son eays, further, that an examination of the telegraphic systems of all other countries, whether managed by the Government or by pri- vate enterprise, had failed to find any dats to refute the acductions or principles given in AL Lamar’s oxhaustive report. The actual figures attest the accuracy of these conclusions. In England, the number of meesages was nearly doubled between 1862 end 1866, yot the dif- ference in the cost of the messege was only the difference between 16 11d in 1862, and 1s 83¢d in 1866, The total number of messages] trans- mitted in Belgium in 1865 was nearly four times 05 Iarge as the number in 1861; yet the costin the latier year was 1.27 francs per message, while that of the former year was but 1.92 per message. In the United States, the number of ‘messages sent over the wires in 1871 was about double the number in 1867; the cost por mes- sage in 1867 was 67 cents, and 49 cents in 1871. 1t will be seen from these figures that the re- duction in expense falls far short of the propor- 4ion which would be required to rehder the re- duction g2 rates profitable from the increase of business. A vepult of such reduction of rates under Government control, tLerefors, would ba to make those who do not use the telegraph pay the deficiency in receipts from those who do usa ib. REDUGE THE TAXES. The Government of the Dnited States isat this time engaged in collecting taxos to the amount of $100,000,000 a year to pay the prin- cipal of tho public debt, not yet due, beaying 6 per cent interest, and the people are put to ex- tremities to borrow the monoy at 2 per centa month to pey these very taxes. We submit that this is not cconomy, and i8 not statosmanship. The man who lives beyond his income, and is forever drawing upon his capitsl, is properly set down as deficiert in judgment, and the question of his ¢ollapse is one merelyof time; and the man who bogrowg money gt 2 per cont 2 month in order to take up & debt thst has fivp fo twenty years to run, and bears only 6 per cent interest, can hardly be said to have auy very clear | conceptions of financial wisdom. We have at this time s financial system and policy which are the wonder and astonishment nkind. Tt is the Boutwellian sys- tem. Xt provides: 1. Thatthere be collected “from the people, aupyally, $110,000,600, to be applied to the purchase of a Natjonal debt that is not due, and the payment of which is pot wanted, 2. That the largest share of this money shall be eollected in such a way that not more than 50 per cepi of the amount paid through the tariff phall be received into the Public Treasary. The surplus revenue of $110,- 000,000 is collected from the foreign commerce of the country, and represents only the share falling to the Government from the division of the tax between itself and certain privileged clagses. The financial pressuro,—the want of active capital,—is quite as severe as it was six weoks 250; and the worst of it i, that there is no pros- pect of relief so long as the causes continue. ‘When it is remembered thit each dollar of reve- nue collected under the tax on importa involves the payment of another dollar as bounty to pri- vate persons, it will be readily understood that the repeel of taxes on imports, now yielding $110,000,000, would be a direct relief to the peo- ple of twice that sum. The continuance of this tax is s withdrawal from the hands of the peo- plo annually of over two hundred millions of dollars, in order to purchsse therewith one-half of that amount of-the principal of the public debt, which is not yet due. Let us seo how the people of the United States are taxed at this time. We give tho figures of National taxation sinco the war: Customs. Internal Revenue, Total, $179,046,651 $378,985, $556,02,620° 176,417,811 514,216, 490,634,010 16464,599 241,173748¢ 3 180,048,497 190,805 370,943,747 538,374 216,717, 411,255,478 206,270,408 177,053,557 /323,945 216,370,287 167,736,581 874,166,867 This is the sum, which exceeds $8,000,000,~ 000, actually received by the Tressury, sand doesnot include the indirect tax levied uponand extorted from the people, under the tariff, as bounties. Estimeting this as equal, nnually, to the amount received from customs, wo have, as the actual tax paid in 1871-2, under Federallaws, the sum of $580,537,154. But this is not theonly tax paid by the people. In ihe year 1870 (and there has been no reduction since), the sggre- gate tax paid by the people for Stats, county, town, snd city purposes, was $278,391,286, which, added to the taxes paid under National Iaws, makes a total annual tax paid of $868,- 928,440. A country thus taxed may certainly appeal to the Government to remit or repeal so much of this exaction as is confessedly collected to psy off & debt not yet due, and which bears only 6 per cent intorest. This eight hundred millions of dollars is so much of the earnings and ac- cumulations of the people which would other- wise be applied to their private uges. The two hundred and seventy-eight millions of direct tax collected for Stato and local purposes msy be as- sumed to be a necessity, for which the communi- ty has something to show. Against so much of the Federal tax as is necossary to pay the inter- o8t on the public debt, the pensions, and neces- sary expenses of the Government, there is no reasonable complaint, unless it be in the case of extravagant expenditures ; but any tax beyond this, and any tax levied for any purpose other than for revenue, ia plain confiscation. In 1871-2, the actual revenues of tho Govern- ment were $107,000,000 in excess of the needs of the public service. The Seccretaryof the Treasury states this to be the fact. He also states that §216,000,000 of the public revenue vas derived from taxes on the foreign trade of the country. Having repesled the duties on tea and coffeo and various items when the tax was all revenue, this enormons sum is merely that partof the protective tax which falls to tho Govornment. Placing it at & low estimate, tho whole tax paid by the people in order to produce this surplus §107,000,000 was over $200,000,000, and that sum is nearly sufiicient to pay all the taxes levied in all tho States, conntics, towns, and cities of the country for local purposes. To reduce the taxes on imports 50 per cent, would be an aggregate relief tothe country greater than is needed to payall their local taxes for Stato and municipal governmonts, public char- ities, and improvements. To pay this sggrogate of over eight hundred millions of dollars annually, when corn is selling at 15 cents = bushel, is a3 exacting & tyraony as any people were ever subjected to in anyage. Itis & tax of 320 per head of the population of all ages, sexes, and colors. The proportion of the Federal tax derived from customs is increasing annuelly, and of course the indirect tax is in- cressing in tho same degree. When the Becre~ tary of the Treasury does consent to the repeal of a tax, he selects some one which is levied for purcly revenue purposes, but he clings to the bounty or pertnership taxes with invincible te- nacity. Wo insist, therefore, that the first duty of Congress, in order to give financial relief to the people, is to reduce taxes; and that, in selecting the taxes to be reduced, those which consume most of the people’s substance, and yield the least revenue, should be first taken, because in repealing or reducing them the relietis in the proportion of two or more dollars’ tax to the one that is lost in the way of revenue. ADULTERATIONS. As 3 rule, there i8 no worse enemy to the com- fort of mankind than that prying, inguisitive creature, who is not satisfied to let well enough alons, but insists upon the folly of wisdom where ignorance is bliss. When that creature commences his investigations of matters which concern our physical velfare, he becomes more than ever inimical, and the worst of it is, that he disturbs our peace With the most horrible revelations, and yet suggests no remedy. It is his chief delight to concern himself with what we et and drink, and, just as we flatter ourselves that we have got a good dinner on the table and sit down to enjoy it, ho bounds in like a harle- quin g bids us beware of the sugar, forit is full of flour and sand; of the pickles, for they bave been soused in muriatic acid and are colored with avsenioj Of the biscuits, for they have been raised with some chémicpl abomination; of themilk, for it iscom- pounded of dope and so on, to the end of the chiapter ; pnd thus succeeds in spoiling our din- ner, withou telling us how or where we can get pure articles. Now if hehad let us slone and kept away with his disbolical suggestions, e should have fancied that we were having an ele~ gant dinner; should have enjoyed it and retired, after the coffee and welnuts, at peace with our- selves and all the world. What good has the Adulteration Fiend caused by planting these lurking suspicions in our breasts? What does e offer us that is better than the symposium wo had propared, which we should have fondly belioved to bo of Olympian excellence, and shonld bave relished with infinite gusto if he had only refrained from his disbolicsl sugges: tions ? g ) Itis the worst feature of this Adnlteraticn Fiend that he makes us believe adulteration is something new, and that we are the first and orig- ingl vietims of sanded sugar and chicoried cof- fes, snd thst fhere is desih in the jug if we taste. On the other hand, thers is nothing new in the practice of adulferition. Our forefathers snd mothers ste and drank adnlterations with impunity, or, at least, we have no evidence to ghow that their lives were shortened thereby. Bat, says the Adulteration Fiend, ** the science of chemistry has materially advanced since those days, and the adulterator can employ it with more skill and subtlety.” Yes, but has not the knowledge of analysis advanced with even paco, and is it not easier to detect the incongru- ous elements with which the adulterator mixes -our food and drink? ~As far back as 1783, a Committee of the English House of Commons stated that no less than 4,000,000 pounds of tea alone were annually manufactured from &loe and ash leaves in differ- ent parts of England, end this at time when the whole quantity of genuine tea sold by the East India Company, which then had the mon- opoly of selling it, did not amount to more than 6,000,000 pounds annually. There is no rea- son to believo that the gloe and 2sh tes, how- ever, did any more harm than the real tea. If the consumers thought they were drinking gen- wine Hyson or Souchong, it -probably did them 10 harm at all, as mostsickness srising from eat- ing and drinkingis a metaphysical result of & diseased fanmey. Poe once said that he would never die if it were not for the feebleness of his will ; in like manner, many people would never be rich were it not for a feebleness of will, which lets the imagination prevail in its place. Itis the chief delight of the Adulteration Fiend to taunt us with regard to our coffee, as that is a universal lnxury, and the * without which not” of our breakfast tables. Hitherto, the taunt has been mainly confined to chicory, but he has been always answéred with the repiy that it is a dull, harmless root, and, even if it is insipid, it is at least innocuous to the nervous system, and is even & correciive for the posi- tively wilful influence of genuine coffee. Foiled in this direction, we are now informed by the Anti-Adulteration Society of England that chicory is mnot the only edulteration, bat that Paterfamilias, as he prepares to enjoy his cup of Mocha or roested Javs, is imbibing a compound into which cnter roasted wheat, ground acorns, roasted carrots, scorched benns, roasted parsnips, mangel-wurzel, lupin soeds, burnt sugar, red earth, roasted horse- chestnuts, mahogany dust, and horror horror- um [ baked horses’ and bullocks’ livers. The authority for the last disbolical preparation of pate de foie gras is derived from s recent work on “ Coffee as It Is and Oughtto Be,” written by one Mr. Simmons, in which he says: “In vari- ous paris of the metropolis, but more especially in the Eaet, are to be found ‘liver bakers.’ These men take the livers of oxen and Horses, bake them, and grind them into a powder, which they will sell to the low-priced coffee- shop-keepers at from fourpence to sixpence per pound—horses’ liver coffee being the highest price. It may be known by allowing the coffeo tostand until cold, when a thick pellicle or £kin will be foundupon the top. It goes farther than coffee, and is generally mized with chicory andothervegetableimitations of coffee.” * But,” gays Paterfamilias, as he gets down hiscup of Mocha, “this does not concernme. Ibuymy coffeein the berry and grind it myself.” The Adulteration Fiend thereupon dashes awey the last ray of hope, and knocks Paterfamilias’ seat out from under him, by declaring that all this is & delusion and a snare, for an extensive trade exists in manufacturing coffee in the berry form —the berries, like sweetmeat lozenges, being cast in moulds. Paterfamilias drops his cup. His broalfast is spoiled. He has no longer faith in anything. Hischops msy have been made at the joiners; his eggs may have been turmed out by an ivory worker i and his sugar may be but the sweepings of & plaster-of-Paris shop. If the Aduiteration Fiend, ‘howover, had only staged away, ho would have bad a good cup of coffee, and would not have made such ill-natured remarks to Materfamilias, and snubbed the olive branches as he did, be- fore he went down to the office. If these Paul Prys who hover about our breakfasts and din- ners would only supplement their alarming an- nouncements by telling us how, when, and whera to get the genuine articles, there might be some excuse for their conduct. Until they can do that, would it not be better for them to let us go on imaging that we are eating and drinking the real article, and get what comfort we can from it. PROFESS0R TYNDALL AND EIS LECTURES, 1t is with no surprise that we learn from New York that Professor Tyndall, who recently be- gan & series of lectures there, is filling the Cooper Instituto every night ho appears. The Now York journals, with a rather puerilo display of egotism, regard the distingnished scientist’s success a3 remarkable, because he had the temerity to make his debul in this country out- side of the metropolis. Incidentally, then, Professor Tyndall has done a social service in demonstrating that real merit does not require & stamp of approbation from Gotham to secure & proper recognition elsewhere in the United States, His New York audiences are described 88 not merely unusually large, but unusually at- tentive’; and it has been noticed that the open- ing of his addresses is mnot intdrrupted by the lato entrances that aro common in en- tertainments of a more popular order The interest which he excites is not of a light or temporary description, such ag may be felt in the lecturcs delivered@ by 1fr. Wendell Phillips or Mr. Geergn William Curtis; butit springs from the opportunity of gaining ine formation in & rapid and Leenly-intelligent man- ner, 88 Professor Tyndsll imparts it. His Ianguage is almost as visid as the practical ex- periments with which he illustrates his lec- turess and among the results of so happy & com- bination is $he attendanco of & large class of persops who would ordinarily never bo sus- pacted of having sny sympathy with scientific subjects. i Professor Tyndall is one of the most perfect representatives of modern scientific thought,—a achool that combines physics and philosophy, makes them mutually dependent, and vivifies both with the live cttractions of style in expression snd beanty in illustration. He s as much a eslf-made man in the line of scienco 28 Horace Greeloy was in journalism. Though of English parentage, he was born in Ireland in 1820, and is, consequently, only in his 52d year at this time, with the prospect of living long enough to ses some of the pet theorics of modern scientlsts satisfactorily demonstrated. His father had s taste for theological contro- versy, and Tyndall's boyhood was devoted large- 1y to the acquirement of Biblical exercises, which Werg to bo useful to him in ¢rushing the fallacies of Catholicism, s his controversia! father gonceived them. But he developod anin- {erest for natural phylosophy 80 soon thn_;t be was called young Newton befors ko was 7 years old, and was permitted to folloy the bant of his ownmind. He left school at tho age of 19, and joined the Irish Ordnance Survey. He worked his wav up 7avidly, buj still found time for pur- | suing his philogophical and natural studies out- sideof his duties. Atonetime, sbout30yearsago, Tyndall thought seriously of coming to Ameri- ca, but was deterred by an eppointment as Rail- road Engineer, and served for a while in that capacity. Thon he accepted a position in Queenswood College, whore ha developed a re- markable aptitude for teaching. He preferred to consider himself as & student rather than teacher, and soon found his way to the Univer- sity of Marburg, in Hesse-Cassel, where he had the instructions of Bunsen, Gerling, Enoblacuh, and Stegmar, and whero he enjoyed the advan- tages of the excellent Inboratory and cabinet of the institution. Upon his return to England, and after the first investigations that made him imown, “On the Relation of Magnetism and Diamagnetism to Molecular Arrangement,” he 1vas elected s Fellow of the Royal Society, and, not long after, was chosen Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, the position which he now holds, His® works since that time have mnot - been confined to ‘investigations and experiments in the abstract sciences ; he has accomplished much in the way of familiarizing tho upscientific world with the secrets of Nature, and cultivating & popular taste for' studies that were formerly abandoned to the sabans, His “ Glaciers of the Alps,” his * Honrs of Exereise in the Alps,” his “Forms of Water,” lately publiehed, and an en- tertaining volume on *“Sound,” are all books that may be read with interest by persons who ‘would not confess any affinity with scientific re- search. Tho berutiful clearness of a style that is not by any means devoid of ornament ; a habit of writing and talking for people who are not versed in the technicalities of science ; & facalty for illustration which is equally suriking in his langusge and his exporiments; snd & genuine delight in the vocation he has so happily chosen, constitute the qualities which render Professor Tyndall’s books g0 entertaining, and his lectures 80 popular. In his lecture “On Light,” delivered in New York,” last Thursdsy evening, Professar Tyn- dall took occasion to justify the exercise of the imegination in working out the process of scien- tific indpetion. The use of this faculty of the mind, in spite of the eminent service which it haa done the cause of science, has been con- demned ag the pernicious and untrustworthy foundation for the physical doctrines advanced by such men a8 Herbert Spencer, Huxley, and Darwin. Professor Tyndall did not refer to theso gentlemen, nor to their theories, but tho eloquent apology which he made for the usa of the imagination leaves little doubt that he in- tended torebuke the premature denunciations that have been made of philosophies based upon physical theory. These are but re- sults of what he ealls “the pictorial power of mind” to go beyond the domein of the senses. Imagination, in this semi-scientific sense of the word, must not, of course, be con- fused with the popular acceptation of the facul- ty, implying loose and'uncontrolled vsgaries of themind running riot. On the contrary, Professor Tyndall defines it s a well-ordered and discip~ lined power, whose eole fanction is to form the conceptions which the intellect imperatively de- mands.” Itisnpon this basis of imagination that Professor Tyndall founds themostimportant discoveries in regard to the nature and property of light. Newton began with a knowledge of certain physical facts in the world of senses. He was familiar with the laws of elastic col~ lision in matter. He had only to enlarge his conceptions, which means to make proper use of his imagination, to arrive at the Emission Theory of Light. The theory once established, it finds its verifications in the phys- ical world if it be correct. * The theoretic con~ ception,” says Professor Tyndall, “lies at the root of matters, and swe determine by rigid de- duction what are the phenomena which must of necessity grow out of this root.” The progress in the knowledge of the properties of Light was made in the same manner to illustrate the ne- cessity of the imagination as s scientific function. The growth of the undulatory theory, and the tracing of the analogy between light and sound, were both due to the exercise of this faculty. When imagination can thus be justified byso thorough s scientist ag Tyndall, and verified by the facts which he col- Iates from the progress of science,we shonld cease to conntenance the denunciation of every-theory of life which does not yet find absolute demon., stration, and should regard more favorably the modern mode of inductive reasoning. We be- lieve that, in this respect alone, Professor Tyn- dall's lectures will work & revolation in the men-~ tal processes of conservative minds. Itis pos- gible that those who have held up their hands in hely borror at his popularly-misunderstood prayer-test, will not regard this gentleman as so much of an ogre after hearing his course of lec- tures. George Francis Train has reached the crown- ing point of his desires, by getting into Ludiow Street Jail in his efforts to get Woodhull and Claflin out. He has been in an English, an Irish, and s French Bastile, and now he is in an Ameri- can one, and we shall not probably hear the last of it for a long time to come. The offence for ‘which he has been committed consists in print- ing and circulating an obscene sheet called the Train Ligue, flled with four pages of filth, ob- sconity, blasphemy, and personal libels. The. public, whom he has afflicted so long with his twaddle and vulgarity, will regret that it is doubtfol whether the law can reach his case and rid them of an intolerpble nuisance; and it will be a matter of still deeper regret if his jail- confinemont shall prove only another opporfuni- ty for advertising himself. Itis a proof of the long suffering and patience of the American people that they have not long ago redorted to summary measures to get rid of him. He will probably be allowed to run his course until pub- lic gpinion finds some way to accomplich what the law seems poworless to do, - The exact text of Congressman Snapp's class- ical interlude in his speech on Civil Service Re- form is as follows : Cincinnati buried such hopes but his Civil Servico humbug, like Nemesia’ shirt, sticks to the Republican Party, and, unless thrown off, it eventually will bring isastrons ruin and ahipwreck to the party. A correspondent residing at Joliet suggests an amendment to this stunning metaphor, viz.: % The Civil Servico bumbug wil! put sticks into the Republican party, and, unless” thrown off, will evontually bring shipwreck upon the'shirt of Nemesjs.” i e ot NOTES_AND OPINION, The Jowa Legislature ‘meets, next month, in adjourned session, The Muscatine Journal 88ys; 1t 18 @ lamentable fact that the Tressury of our Stato s ampty, and that warzants soued by (5o Audi- for on tho ‘Treasurer sre hawked about at 5 disconnt. 1t has been our pride, as a citizen of Iows, to be ablo 1o say that our State was out of debt, with money in {ha Treasury, snd a tax of only 3 mills on the dollar, The Iowa Legisiature, atits last session, ap- praprizted 3900,000. A larggrflm of thig was & wholly useless exparditnre. The Reform School at Eldora; the Peni anflxary 8t Ane-mnfi. ‘were neither of thom fieeded. * And yot we aro tbld that JTowa i5 out of debt, and that her law-mak- R0} . Romical.—~All. Pleasant Press: the etrifo for the Senatorship is In 8, & between Pomaroy and & packef 4 full gozen sxa- | ——— e e ———————————————————————————eee bitious aspirants. The Independes says Pomeroy *‘ was beaten in the ele least one hundred members of the Leg and adds: Pomeroy’s tactica will undoubtediy be - caucus of ‘his opposers, for, without arg unwieldy oppotition will dwindlo away | united, compact, and active body cf this eqursa bis election wuny beLiong opposition wishes of the ; Pabplo of the State. Ll g Bat it will be “brought about.” . —The Des Moines correspondent ¢ buque Herald says = Senator Haslan has again shown . Washington, and again are his obranens s i their wrath. The last shock upon the Allison winy & tho appointment of Dr. James Wright 4 dent of Indian affaira i Montana, —Things continue to work in New York. ia thio way in which the Times & o raiit abont the Thurlow Weed wing of theparty : »To those Republicans who think that non-partisa reform in New York is ‘s good enough - Morgy until after election,’ we may remarl: that tini efforts to_drag in the dirt the good name of great party will probably end i leaving them selves soiled and prostrate. The shabby little intrigue is being carried on by a handful of men +who think that money is tho kay to politics, ant who, because they never refuse to take money themselves, fancy that everybody else has his price. Perhaps it will nob be possibla to keop their names much longer from the public—st any rato, they will get no querter from ur threaten or blustor as much as they may.”" B —The Mobile Kegister, quite dishearteaed by the cerulean aspect of the political atmosghos in Alabama, nppoals to Grant in -the follswing Bsgonizing strain: Put on the crown, put away the carpot b the scallswag, and you shall havo our bet Liood to support and fasten 3o w5y from N - 14 to California.” B Y ez —The interview between President Grant and the Louisians Committee illustrates, as well as anything can, tho extreme caution of the Pres- ident, and his unwillingness to_do sught in ex. coss of his legal poser and right.—Rock Islang Union. —The Hartford Couran! calls the resolation offercd by Mr. Cox in Congress, acking for in4 famnté?n qutlm President i.n‘ regumt lv;n \:‘. usurpation in Lonisiana, * an attemps to mak: political capital.” We should call the refasal tc entertain the resolution, a way to lose ** political capital ;” and those who seek to gloss over such an oatrage will find that the Amefican people do not indorse their position.—New Haren Register. —Itis very unjust to visit blame upon tha President’s head for tho assumed violation of rights in this complicated Louisiana busines3. ‘Any honest inquirer will confess that it is very difiicult to arrive at the antecedent facts in the case. There are cunning scoundrels on botL sides, =t New Orleans, who are ospecially interested in concealingat ledst portion of thefacts. Itis very evident that neither Warmoth nor his antago- nists are actuated by a love of justice and trutir. The most audacions frands have been perpetrat- ed by both ;firfius in Lonisizoa. Bribery and corruption have been openly practiced in the Legislature of that State. 'The people cro doubtless suffering from bad local government. We are not prepared to deny that an injustic has been done by the action of the District Fel- eral Court. If it has been dome, thereiss peaceable process of mending matters. Weare only protesting at present sgainsi charging the President with usurpation and tyranny for s simpie and necessary performance of his duty in ordering his Marshal to execate the decree of o United States Court.—Ailwaukee Sentinel. _—— THE CITY IN BRIEF. The North Side policemen were furnished with the new uniform cap, yesterday. Itis a very becoming head-dress. Wheaton & Anderson’s store, No. 230 South ‘Water street, was robbed of & quaztity of cigare, on Sundsy night, by some bos. Surgicel instruments to the value of $200 wer stolen {rom Dr. Benson's office, No. 66 Wes Lake strect, on Sundsy evening. The annual reunion and snpiar of the Wt~ ern Alumni Association Wil be held at the Shor- man House on Thyrsday, &a. 9, 1873. The store of C. L. E. Ritck, No. 119 Blus Tsl- and ayenue, was entered Iy burglars on Satur. day night, and robbed of $30 in money and &7 ‘warth of goods. An unknown man, who ks been boarding 2t - Mrs. Anderson's, No. 153 Nrth Jefferson strest, for the past_eight days, did euddenly yesterdiy morning. He was out of work and sufering from iliness. ! The Sunday-School of St.2ul's Church will ive & free holiday entertaiment in Standurd a1l on Friday evening, comrancingat 7 o'clock. This occasion” is to be a gnid reunion of the friends of St. Paul's, and 2% nembers of the parish are inwited to attend 5 The }kitchen, renge in Javi? restzurant, at the corner of Peoria and Mdion streets, blew up yesterday morning, owig :0 the accumnla- tion of ice in the water-pips. A servant named Mary Burns was severely salded in the face end armi. I” Contributions for the ¢nner and Christmes tree at the Half-Orphan Aylun, No. 853 Hal- sted street, will be thankflly received by tho manzgers, who hope that jarerts and children who have homes, and will sppiciate their good Yortune to-morrow, will renexver the unfortu- * nates who have none. The hardy mariner rather like: the_cold than otherwise. Tho propeller Charls Reitz arrived hero on Saturday, with a cergo ¢ lumber, from Manitowoc, and the propeller £. Joseph, from Manitowoo, The latter returnd the sam ever- ing, with the wind a gale and th mercary outof sight. Four greenhouses and their :ortents, and a gortion of the cottage, occupied by the owner, William inder, No. 39 Hamiton avenue,were destroyed by fire &t 1 o'clock yesterd:y morning. Loss, §31,000; no insurance. The fire origi- nated from s defectivo chimney. Analarm was given from Box 219. L. Manasse, optician, under the Sherman House, the warmest place in town next to_the furnaces at the rolling mills, reports the follow- ing condition of the thermometer duing the day: 83.m., 8 below; 95, m., 5belov; 10 a. m., 4 below; 11 a. m., below; 12 m.,, 0; 1 p. m., 2 nbove; 2p. m.,0; 3p. m., 4 below; 4 p. , 8 below; 5p. m., G below. Wherait wasat 11'p. m. deponent sayeth not, probably becatze it was buried out of sight. Alderman Nicholas Weis, of Odesss, Rusiia, called on Mayor Medill yesterday for the pir- pose of obtaining some hints as to the organza- tion of the Fire Dopartment. Odessa, Lo ssys, is situated like Chicago, in that it isa great grain centro and has at present a poor Jepart- ment. The Alderman is 60 years of age and is canvassing for the Fire-Proof Ticket, when the emergency for such o movement demand¢it. Itis stated by s gentleman who otsht to Imov, and probably does, that_*the bes: ladies of tho Union Park Congregational Socisty are engaged in producing tho flece,” writtn by & very young man, and caled *“The Woman's Congress,"” which i to be brough! ont cn Thurs- day and Friday evenings. Nobody gets or ex- pects any maney or reputation out of the affair, excopt such 85 goss to tho ibarch, The youthe ful plsywright will donbtbss witness tha tri- ‘umphant siccess of his miden pieco. A regular meeting of theBoard of Polico and and Fire Commissioners was held yesterday afternoon, Prosident Reno in the Chair. Com- missioners Sheridan and Kokke were also pres- ent., The Custodian retuned a report of the sale of propertyrecovered it the time of tho fire, being an aggregato of S1°84.64; exponses con. tingent, $191. Officer Hhn Hubner, of the Chicago Avenue Station, was charged by Ser- geant Douglass with diobedience of orders, neglect of duty, and coruct unbecoming an officer. The tesiimony wint to show that Ser- geant Berdell left the staton in & most demor glized condition, and_thz Douglass’ efforts tq smeliorate the prevailing discipline, or lack of it, mado him unpopular md consequently une comfortable. The Board reerved their decision and adjourned, CHEAP SLEERNG-CARS. To the Editor of The Clicago Yiluiz 3 Stk :-A'prescnt need of the travelling publio is » aleeping-car combining cheapness with com: fort. " The Pullman Palacecars are magnificent, and refleot grept credit on heir originator; but the prices charged for berts aretoo high for thy general public. Thousand. travelling’ by night would be glad to take . berth were not the chargas beyond thoir purse. A fortune awaits the enterprising Company which shall first in- troduce and maintain on thechief railroed routes sleeping-cars one or two grales cheaper than the Pullman, Why should not the Com= pany itself manufacture twi grades of sleeping- cars,—the present splendid fabric for those able or willing to pay for its acconmodations; and a cheaper (though still comfatable) car for those Thate mezns or inclinationalead them tG forec~ indulgence’in kiriousness? -The business i the more elegant cars wonld nof; suffer in conse: quexce of the addition ;. and Iarge profits waunld be realized from the lower grade, . OB104a0, D40, 231872, -~ - £