Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 22, 1872, Page 6

6 TERMS OF ECDSCRIPTION (PATADLE IN AZ!VA_\'Cg). =i, by mail.....S 12.00 | Sun 2 Bt S0 e Parts of a year at tho £ame r2to, e To prevent delay and mistakes, bo suro aid givo Post 5 ce rddress in fuil, incinding State end Connty. Remittences may be made cither by drait, cxpress, Post Offco order, or in registered lottors, ot oarrisk. TERNE TO CITY STDSCEIBERS. i iverod, Sunday excopted, 25 cents per wacl Del: delivered, SR fachbicd, 2 conta per waok. INE COMPANY, THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sis., C! TREoNE Brench Ofce, No. 469 Wabash-aw, in tho Booksto-y of Messra. Cobb, Andrews & Co., whero edrertiscrents 2xd subseriptions will be recoived, and il have the samo stication as if left at tho Main Ofca. BUSINESS NOTICES. 0. 0. COLLINS, BOYS' OLOTHING, 184 AND 185 CLARK-ST. Bunday Morning, December 22, 1872. THE CHICAGO POST OFFICE. The Postmaster of Chicago resigned his office cne day last week, and certified that tho Assist- ant Postmaster,r]\[r. Squires, was an honest and raithfal officer, thoroughly competent; a man of great experience, having discharged the active uties of the place for eight years and more; <hat the office, in the extent of its business, was the second in the couniry, and calling for the {argest cxperience and grestest fitness. Theso “qots were personally bronght to the knowledgo trd attention of the President. Just one month previously, the Postmaster at Ehiladelphia resigned, and he in like manner recommended his Assistanf, Mr. Fairman, asa smpetent and trastworthy officer, who had hed ec or four years' espetience, and suggested that % cxperience was an important consideration. Sovernor Hartranft, and two hundred of the \eding Republican politicians of Pennsylvania, accompanied by Senator Cameron and several there were few of us who did not look forward. 1] in activity and snimation to the ante-fire regime. members of Congress, visited the President ip a | [odividual hb“r is dm"{"fim‘“"“"‘“ thatt 9ody, and formally asked the sppointmentof | 8°Y 8eries o esoxiphons d"'“: Pt';", one Mr. Trueman, a Republican, of Philadelphia, | 727- It mey have: wecurtad ©'to, i1hg reader, on some occasion when ho has ‘The zppointment was asked in the nage of the whole Republican party of Pennsylvania, which hed just given the President 187,000 majority. They urged every party consideration in favor of having Ur. Troemsn appointed. After hearing the delegation, the President mado his reply, in the following terms: GESTZENEN: Ido ot well seo how it would bo ‘oroper for me to set oside the Tules and regulations of the Civil Service, I some timeago determined to en- force them on every proper occasion. Ithink thisto be suitsble. Two candidates for this’ office aro pre- sented, both Republicans; one of them, Mr. Fairman, %25 been employed by the office for some time, and I om fully satisfied thot ho is competent fo discharge the dutles of Postmaster. I would like to grant your cequost, but I cannot conscientiously eet these rules 2side, s Bilenced completely by the President’s decla- ration, that /it would not be proper™ for him to set aside the rules and regunlations of the Civil Service, now having the authority of law; and that he had “ determined to enforce them on every proper oceasion,” the Committes withe &vew, not venturing & remonstrance when the President announced, ‘I CANNOT CONSCIEN- TICUSLY SET THESE RULES Asme.” It will be soen that in that case both Fairman and True- man were Republicans ; but Pairman had been employed os Assistznt Postmester for & consid- zrable time, and, under the Civil Service rules, 28 entitled to promotion. The coincidence in the case of the Chicago Pest Ofice with that of the Philadelphia one is remarkable. Ineach case the Postmaster has resizned. In each case the Assistant Post- master was & man every way qualified, by long experience and by unquestionable capacity and integrity. In each cese the Post Ofice Depart- ment could certify to the fidelity of the Assist- =nt, who generally is, in such cases, the Post- mesterin all matters of detail. In each case he Assistant wes o Republican. In each case the opposing epplicant was a Republican, and ca0 withont any knowledge or experience in postal business. The rules and regulations of the Civil Service were as much tholaw in Chi- cago 28 in Philadelphin. The President’a Jetermination to enforce those rules extended equally to “ every proper occasion.” He told the Peansylvanians that, hcwever much he would like to grant their request, he could rot ‘conscientionsly set these rules eside.” Bat, in tho case of the Chicago Post Office, he has put the rules aside; he has shan- Goned his determination to enforce them, by &p- poluting Mr. John MeArthur Postmaster. )\ | It must, of course, remain a mystery why tho | President, in these two exactly similar cases, i Las adopted the most contrary policy. How | cculd the President refuse to the 137,000 ma- | iority of Pennsylvanis, supposing them to be oorrectly represented by Hartranft & Co., the sppointment of Trueman, when the only objec- tion was that, by tho rules of the Civil Servics, ‘zirman was to bo promoted, and at the demand | of perkeps less than half 5 dozen men in Chi- | cago coald sppoint MeArthur, thereby setting | acide the roles which, as he told Har- 4rant, ho had determined to enforce upon every proper oceagion? Why was ib that tho Presi- dent conld net ¢ conscientiously ™ appojnt True- man, and yet, under precisely similar cirencg- stances, could appoint McAvthur? Trueman <28 a Republican, and was MeArthur any more? Treeman was competent, and with o fair per- sonel record ; MeArihur had no more to commend him. Feirmean and Squires had the same recom- mendstions, Squires being probably the strong- cst. Doth were equally protected by the rules which the President d:dm'edh_a conld not -con- scientiouely set aside,” Why, therefore, was the action in the two cases so different? The conclusion of the whole matter is, that if she President chooses to go back upon his owvn sord, in the facs of the whole people, there isno selp for it. He was under mo obligation in law to adopt the Civil Service rules prescribed by the Qurtis Commissior. Maving adopted them, and having twice doclared his purpose to enforce them, he i3 still under no obligation in law to teep Lis promise, Butbe is under a moral obli~ gation, the consequences of whichhe cannot zvade, for he will forfeit tho respect of all those <ho beiieve thet a promise onco msde should bo cither fulfilled, or that & satisfactory reason £honld bo given for its nonfulfilment. Tho de- ands of a fow politicians will not bo accepted s eatisfactory reasons. Their opposition was imown, and taken into the acconnt beforo the promise was made. e recent examination of General Sherman, ofore the British and American Claims Commis- .zion, throxs some new light upon the b\m‘fing 131 \Colzmbis, 8. C., which Gencral Sherman, in his report, cherged to ‘Wace Hampton. Thfa sa3s, in his teatimony, that he and his ferp *‘oxasperated” by Wsde Hamp-| TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. ton's firing into their camp near Columbia, In T his testimony, he also admits tho authenticity of certain corréspondence botween him snd Gen- eral Halleck, in which the latter asked for ven- geance on Charleston, to which General Sher- aan renhed that *tho Tifteenth Corps were do- iag their work well,” and that he should not spare the public buildings at Columbia, as he had at Milledgoville. Thesé facts are not only of interest to British subjects who had property burned in Columbia, but also as farnishing o new contribution to the history of the war. which has been made in rebuilding Chicago have been fally chronicled by the newspapers at overy step, and thongh the process of re-estab: lishment hss been gradual enough to grow im- perceptibly upon the residents of the city, a mo- w1+ . w1 | ment’s thought on & bright, crisp morning of Thedhdage @fm_ these cheery Christmas times will arfest tho at- ; tention of the most phlegmatic citizen, and ho will incur the danger of freezing his ear-tips to contemplate the busy scenes of our mew city. Sanguine and patriotic as all Chicagoans are, to tho present winter for repetition of much of mal cold, and smid the desolate ruins ths% searcely to be hoped that the winter would find & new order of things equal We expected to see halt-built houses, nnroofed ‘walls, frozen mortar, chilled workmen, and blue capitalists. Iated condition of those pioneers whohad the courage to take their places in the burned dis- trict, and we looked forward cheerlessly to tho ice, and snow, and sleet that would render the deserted strects of the desolated region almost impassable. held up to view was too natural to be discredited ! a3 8 whole, though every individusal was working tothe contrary. The aggregate result of this his own business, that the busyand brilliant panorama of New Chicago has passed before his | eyes. He may have'taken in ata single glance | the gorgeous stores, the rush and jumble of prosperity that are tobe secnin these merry Christmas times. Ho may have been suddenly and unexpectedly improssed with the scene a8 if ho had gone away from Chicago one dreary Octo- ber morning & little moro 3 year 2go, and re- turned to find a beautiful and busy city mag- jeally erected whete he hed left a desolate and disheartening waste. of this kind that the full measure of progress can be estimated. which may be seen at this time of year, are even moro striking evidences of our prosperity than the marble fronts of our material progress. Last winter; those who had been accustomed to home luxuries and social entertninments gave themup. Their places of amusement had been taken from them; their money—what was left— ‘was meeded for other uces; their spirit for en- joyment was crushed; and the popular channels of amusements were monopolized by & class of entertainment far below the standard of metro- politan life. The present winter finds tho theatres rebuilt, with larger capacity, greater comfort, and more elegance than evor; and the run of amusoments includes all that the resources of the country afford. Society has opened ita doors once more. tellusof more extravagant expenditure and ‘more elegant foilelles than they have ever had the pleasure of describing before. ‘much capital invested in stocks of jewelry, toye, York City, has 8o much money been expended NEW CHICAGO AT CHRISTMAS TIME, Though the material evidences of the progress he dresriness which was felt during tho dis- succeeded °~ the fire. It was second We were inclined o pity the iso- The picture which the croskers freed his mind from the absorbing interest of tho magnificent blocks, the mass of moving life, | 1t is only by some process The social festures of life in New Chicago, The Jenkinses of tho period The retail stores eflact en gross the revival of social taste. Never before in any Western city was there so and fancy goods, Never before, outside of New upon rendering the ropositories themselves brilliant and attractive. Tho very advertise- menta that are to be found from day to day in Tee TrrpusE will suffice to indicate a degree of social progress that is without & parallel in tho Listory of old Chicago. It may, or it mey not, be that our people are spending more money than they ought to spend. But, if they are doing this, Wo cannot expect that they will stop to listen to sermons in the evil of extravagance just before Christmas. We have abundant assurances that the poor of the city were noverin & beiter condition. The ju- dicious applicetion of the Relief funds so mag- nanimously contributed from all parts of the world bas left s surplus with which to provide for the wants of those who have been unsble to work more satisfactorily than ever, It does not eppear that the crowds which beset the toy and fancy shops are made up of the rich alono the children of the mechanic and artisan who live in Chicago will fare better this Christmas {han those of any other city. In spite of the eryof #Hard Times” thet has been uttered throughout the lend these three montha, Christ- mas times in Chicago zeem to heve almost ef- faced the recollection of financial stringency and our great calamity. The Christmas stock- | ings will be well filled, tho Christmas-boxes will give out a * dulee} jingle,” and the Christmas carols will have a merry ¥ing amongus this year; for, though pater familias msy bs hard up, ho belioves that Chicago is bound to prosper when the spring-time comes again. CREDIT MOBILIER, It is evident that the Congressmen caught with Credit Mobilier cream on their whiskers in- tend to justify themselves by affirming and de- fending their right to buy any stock or property | they choose, . the same 2s private individuals. This defence will not answer for thosp who denied | that they ever hed any Credit Mobilier stock, if any of those should bs found to iave been dab- blinginit. Will it answer for aay of tho rest? We think not. : Tt is claimed, in support of this justification, that no legislation was had in behal? of the Union Pacific Beilway after the slleged dolivery of the stock to members of Congress. But the chargo ogainst them is, fhot legis- lation. was prevented which might other- wise have taken place. Oakes Ames says, in ond of hjs lettera to AComb, I don't fear any investigation here ¥ (in Washington). Soit sppears that one of the things that might have happened but for the distribution of stock was an investigation of Credit Mobilier itselt, This Company was making dividends of ¢t geveral hundred per cent” out of the construc- tion, 10t the opersation, of a railway—out of ils disbursements; gud not out of its earnings. And .of theso disbursements, the Government itself sides a vest quantity of public lands. These things were not done in the dark. They were a matter of-public notoriety at the time. An in- vestigation by Congress, with a view of curtailing this enormous and unearned profit, would have been the most natural and appropriate thing to do. And such an investigation would be the one thing which 2 member of Con- gress would oppose if ho woro himself recoiving 2 portion of the Credit Mobilier profits. Again; it is well known that Congress did pass & declar- atory act in 1870, providing, in effect, that the Pacific Railvay Companies should not be re- quired to pay more than one-half of the amount of the Government transportation as interest on their Government bonded debt until the expira- tion of the thirty years that the debt runs. This act was declaratory of tho meaning and intent of & previons act, and may have been a corract intorprotation of that previous act, Bub what moral right had any member of Congress, who had received Credit Mobilier stock, to vote upon that question ? Tho United States of Americs, party of the first part, and tho Union Pacific Railway Com- pany, party of the second part, had made a con- tract. The party of the first part ncts chiefly throngh the Senate snd House of Representa- tives. To say that individual Senators and Rep- resentetives may buy and own nny stock or property they choose, including that of the Pa- cific Railway, implies that all of them may do 50 —that is, that the agent of the party of the first part in this importent and gigantic contract may lawfully and properly become a member of the party of the second part. But if it is proper for the entire Congress of the United States to become owners of Pacifie Railroad property, it woild be proper for them to own the whole of it, 8o that the agent of the party of the first part should bo transformed into the party of the second part, while still acting s the agent aforesaid. This is & com- plete reductio ad absurdum. There is no war- rant in law or morals for such 2 transformation of the agent on tho one side into tho principal on the other side. All this talk about the rights of mombers of Congress in connection with Credit Mobilier is misleading and fraudulent. A COMPOSER IN A RAGE. . Charles Gounod, the illustrious composer, is just at present a mournful instanco of the fact that genius does not guarantee its possessor im- ‘munity from the sufferings which afict lesser mortals. Intertwined with tho laurcls of Faust, Mireill, Sappho, Colombe, and Philemon et Baneis are lesves of rue, and hemlock, and hensbane. He has just made application to the Vice Chancellor’s. - Court for an injunction against two musical firms to restrain them from publishing certain songs without his authority. At the samo time, M. Gounod prints in the Lon- don Times s card, in the naturo of & wail,—a abitter and prolonged wail,—against the musical thieves and iconoclasts who aro subsisting upon him by pilfering and sltering his music. He 8ays of their versions that they *‘ ars nothingbut dull and abominsble caricatures, in whick my music is sbsolutely calumniated, degraded, and, by my faith, unrecognizable.” He claims, first, that {hey disfigure tho melody by changing the notes, by suppressing one part, or 2dding another part. Second, by attempting to eimplify. Third, by adapting to a musical thought, inspired by certain words or certain dramatic situstions (an unconscious tribute to the truth of Wagnor's thoories), new words de- void of connection with the music. In his bitter rage, ho denounces them a3 montrosities ¢ which dishonor the artistic profession, which defile the commerce of music, which degrade the public tasto, which cnrich the merchant, ruin the au- thors, and throw upon artistic honor 2 blemish which does not merit any other name than thet of theft.” In other words, there is nothing real in the wine of Gounod's vintage but the name on the cork. Weare inclined to sympathize with Gounod. Theso reckless and shameless perversions of his music are calculsted to dohim harm. He has acquired an honest fame by years of hard labor, which was pursued through many discourage- ments, * He was never known to the world until he came toman's estate, and, although by no means yet s great artistic writer, nevertheless, with one ‘opera, singing the sorrows of Faust and Marguerite, he has impressed _his talenta upon the world. The records of operatic seasons during the pastten years show that no opera has been given so many times as Faust, with the one exception of Martha, and that no apers bas given so much genuine satisfaction, not even excepting Marths, The work of Gounod's lifo is summed up in this ono opers, and his reputa- tion depends upon it, for his other works sinco that are but repetitions of it. If he can use that reputation for the sale of his songs, he should be 2llowed to do so withont having them mutilated and perverted in such o manner that, after hearing them, people declare him incapable of writing good music. It is the worst feature of this musical piracy that theso hacks garble his ‘music to meet the requirements of tho drawing- room ballad-mongers. Tho drawing-room ballad is tho originzl unpardonsble sin against music; and the regulation drawing-room ballad-singer the original unpardonablo sinner. It makesno difference whether that einger be & male, who parts his hair in the middle, wears white kids, and sings g blatant bass cr tumulivous tenor, or the fascinating femsle who sighs and raves in all keys known to music. Nino ballads out of ten are mosaics constructed by bunglers. Scraps of melody are stolen promiscuonsly from the best song-writers and ffom unknown operas, end are furbished up with tineelaccompaniments. Against this musi- cal swash, which is neither fish, flosh, fowl, or good red herring, the immortally beautiful songs of Schubert, Schumann, Franz, Kuecken, and others have Lad to contend for years, and Dave hardly yet secured recognition for them- selves, except by thoso who intuitively perceive their crowning merits. Gounod has written ‘many begutiful songs for the drawing-room and the choir ; but in every case they are somewhat above tho ordinary capacities of the modern drawing-room sereamers and shrickers, and sc- cordingly they aro trimmed down to suit their calibre. But it is a pecnliarity of the songa of the best writers that they cannot be tampered with in the least without entirely altering their character. They cannot oven be transposed with- out injury to their meaning. How much worse ‘must it be, then, when the musical tinker gets hold of it, and arranges it for tho pisno, with jack-plane and saw, to suit the dull mediocrity of some ballad-shrieker? Even the hand-organ is ¢g hurtfal. Unfortunately, there i3 no law against piracy of this kind; but this does mot alter tlre clear right of M. Gounod toput his vigorops pro- “test and to get in & royal rage at being compelled 0 stultify himself in parlor concerts and sosia- was furnishing & gross sum of £27,000,000, be- bles, chureh b nd other ccasions for tho murder of music. M. Gonnod s1rs, n his letter to the London Zimes: . “I Lave between my hands more than sixteen piices of. music, pub- lished by several 1-x:: .iitors. in London, as being the worls of my composition, all of which are mnothing but dull and abominabls cariza~ tures.” Unhappy Gounod! It is tho musicien who boara the responsibulity. It is hisreputation which suffers. These caricatures and thofta aro nob only scandalous, but ruinous to the rights of literary and artistic men. That is the long and the short of it, and Gounod has good cause Tor being enraged. . FIRE INSCRANCE, The new Insuranco bill now pending in the | Massachusetts - Logislaturo was made the sub- ject of an interosting Giscussion a few days since, in which ITon. Jc i E.-Sanford, late Com- mussioner of ‘Insurance for Massachusetts, took a prominent part. In his remarks, he donied that the insurance companies of that State had charged too high rates, or that they had not paid losses promptly and fully, and claimed that they were the strongest in America. The lesson, and the only one, which Mr. Sanford derived from the Boston fire, was, that tho safetyof insurances lies in the dispersion of risks, and thet the mistake of the Boston companies consisted in placing all their risks in Boston, because they thought it incombustible, in view of which ho protested strongly againstthe efforttogiveto two or thres companies in Boston the monopoly of the joint-atock corporations, and contended that o general insurance law should te passed which would give companies to all the larger citiesrand towns, with & capital of $100,000, in- stead of compelling companies to havo a capital of 400,000, as the pending bill proposes. Of tho wisdom -of dis- persing risks there can be no doubt. ‘The fires of Chicago and Boston have taught that lesson most unmistakably. Concerning the other proposition, to start the insurance busi- ness in & small way, and with a capital within reach, increasing the resources of tho company with its growtb, it might be an encouraging prospect, if it followed as & matter of course that tho company would capitalize its ‘profits, or that, in case of o grest fire, the assets would bear any proportionate relation to the lia~ bilities. Unfortunately, this_haa not been tho case. There are pleaty of companies in the ‘West which have started with small capitals, have grown prodigiously, and paid great divi- dends, but the resonrces have notincreased with the growth, and, consequently, whon the trying time came, there was no capital behind to meet the losses. Thero is & moral elemont in insur- ance, which can rarely be made to opersto except by compulsory legista- tion. Mr. Sanford evidently recognizes this element, by declaring tkat if these insuranco companies, started in a small way, succeed, then they shall be compelled to cupitalize their profits. Under any other sysiem, especially under & systom which allows a company to issue unlimited risks upon smell capital, and its Treasurer and banier to grab its deposits ns se- carity for his personal losses, the economical plan of insurance would bo an unmitigated evil. With regard to the remunorativeness of the in- suranco busincss, Mr. Sanford presents some remarkable statistics. He says: There have been altogether 400 insuranco compadfes chartercd in Massechuseits, * Of 046 400 companies, 300 Lave sitiser never found courage cnongh " to siart in businesa, or else they have siaried and falled. B fore the fire, we had only one company for every four thathad been chartered. In the year 1337, John T. Bigelow, who was then S:cretary of the Common- wealth, had the honos of making tho first insurance Teport that was ever made, 50 far 83 known. At that time we had forty-eight joint stock fnsurance compae nies in Massachusetts, and they had a capital of $9,500,- 0%0. Last December, wo had thirts-one companies, with a capital of §7,500,000. Of the forty-cight come panics doing business in 1337, caly eleven survived previous to the fire, and sinca the fire only two sur- vive. Tho experience of insurance companies in Mas- sachusetts is simply this, that in one generation, thirty-five years, one company out of twenty-five sur- vives; twenty-four out of twenty-Ave havo gonc down, with the capital all lost. — The School Board of London has been met in the enforcement of compulsory attendance at school by tho question, * Whatis to be done with the babies ?” It happens that in almost every house, whero there are children of school age, there are younger ones running down to the first stages in infancy. Thousands of the mothers of theso families earn their bread by out-door work. Thoy cannot leave tho houses without some one to take care of the babies, and this work is left tothe children from 7 to12 years, each of whom has from ono to five Little people to waich during the day. To punish absence from school, when the ex- cuso is minding tho babies, can- not be thought of, and hence the School Board are puzzled. Ono of the Commissioners, Mr. Howgrave, has been investigating, and he thinks tho dificulty can bo overcomo by giving sid and encouragement to tho public day-narseries, of which there are a3 many as twenty-three in Lon- don. He gives a history of the rulas and regu- lations of theso establishments, They receivo ‘babies on deposit from suarise to night. Thoy charge about 10 cents in our money for the care of the child ; but, whero & woman has two, three, or even four to deposit, tho nggregate charge exceeds her possible daily earnings. This clas, thereforo, do not patronize the public nuracries, 1t theso nurseries wero éndowed, they could tako the babies for lessmoney. Mr. Howgrave, inhis sbetch of these. nurseries, points out how essen- tials are sacrificed to unimportant details. In St. Philip's Nursery, the childron are washed,— forcibly, wo supposo,—thrae times & day, and, to encourago cleanliness, clean clothing is sold very cheap. Holy Trinity Nursery makes cleanliness and whole clothing indispensable to admission. St. Peter’s Nursery, however, cuts in between these, by placing upon cach ehild, during its res- idence, a clean spron to hide any rags it may have brought from home. Some institutions are very particular on tho question of morals. They require evidonco of the marriageof tho parents, and certificates of good moral charactor.. Others do not {olerate any difference of opinion on theology; the children must bo orthodox, ~while ono nursery, St. Joseph's, cuts under its rcligions Tivals by “receiving sucklings of all demominstions.” St Cyprian's Nursery rocently® annonnced . reduction of the daily rate to three pence, because s Roman Catholic institution in the seme neighborhood received them for that sum, and for fear * that a difference in charge would attract children to the latter, whero thoy might.bo proselytized.” 1t is proposed by pthers of ihe School Board toattach a fres mursery to each school, whero the babies who ‘Dow requiré the home attend- ance of 8o many children of gchool 2ge, may be lodged during echool hours ; and where cach pupil, upon being released, may findhis younger brother or sister, sd take him or her back to the parental domicile. Bo far the question, “hat to do with the Babies,” arrests. the en- forcement of compulsory aitendance. at sckool in London. —_—— A test case, Teeently begun in a local court under the new Gimbling law in this State, has resulted in & conviction under the indictment. The gamblers bave deluded themselves with the hope that none but actual owners of gaming- houses could be fornd guilty under the statuto, cod have openly expressed tho opinion that they could eyzde swh & construction of the law. 1t was under this inpression that the man who wag - indicted weaded fhat Lo waa not the actual proprietor of the gam- ing-houso over which--he presided, but that he was ‘employed on & gilary to manage it for the owner, wlio lived in" New York. The | Court instructed the jury, however, that, if they believed from the evidence that tho place de- scribed was & common gaming house, aad that the defondant sided or aseisted in oporating and keeping such Louso, then thoy must find him ilty, A vordict of “guilty” wos returned under these instructions, and tho fine of $100 was imposod for the first offenco. It is pre- sumed that that the gaming fraternity will unito in the worl of carrying the case to the Supreme Court ; but & precedent has been esteblished so far under- which s vigorons - prosecution of the gambling hells can ho inaugarated immediately. e An American scandal has just been made pub- licin London, through the Courts, which is attracting very general comment. - The- caso is one for breach of promise, in which Miss Eliza- beth Ann Dredgo, who, in 1865, was booldeeper end’assistant in the establishment of the Messrs. Truefitt, hnir-dressera and perfumors, was plain- tiff, and Clinton Winans, an’ American, defend- ant. The latter belongs to the wealthy Daltimore fomily of the eamo name, femous for their Prassion railway contracts, their ship-building and ‘““cigar” steamers. The evidence in tho case went to show that Winans, a8 a customer, ‘made the acquaintance of Miss Dredge, who was zather moro than less of en hour, at Truefitt’s, which led to his visiting that establishment daily end purchasing large amounts of perfumery. Finally ho asked her to marry him, to which sho consented upon his ropresentation thet his brothers were abont tosettlean income upon him. Some time elapsed. The income Wwas not forthcoming, whereupon ho went to her and requested Ler to live with him de bene esse until such time as his business mat- ters were settled and he could expect & steady income, to which sho consented. They lived to- gether in very fashionsblo stylo as 3fr. and Mrs. Clinton Davidson, in Manchester Square, and in Octgber, 1867, & child was born. This intimacy continued until some time before the 15th of September, 1869, when Winans married o widow of the unromantic name of Smith, who, however, had the romantic income of £30,000 & year. An allowance was made to Miss Dredgo of from $100 to $200 per month for the support of hersel® and child, and wag continued for some time. Asan instanca ©of coolrfess, the following letter from Winans to her, written after marriage, does credit even to tho present weather: . Fepnuany 7, 1872, Mns, Davison: Finding from pasi experienco that zo smount of kindnezs on my part is appre- cixted by you, and your late conduct has been suct as to thoroughly convince mo that you are notonly u- grateful, bus that youare soselfish asto be utterly regardless of my feelings, position, or welfare, I have, therefore, fully'and finully decided to pever give you any money besond tho cuclosed £30 un- de any circumstances whatever, This I want you to fully understend, as I intend from this day forward never to vary {rom this resolution, which you have forced upon me. In regard to the child, I chall gsend you £10 per month for its support. This you will un- derstand is the izl end and close of my correspond- ence wiih you, If any further should becomie neces. sary on m patt, I shall do it through s solicitor, Ros- pectfully, P CLINTON WINANS. Upon {110 receipt of this letter the mistress brought suit for Lreach of promise, and nnder the order of Court the plaintiff is to be paid $7,500, with which sum she hod agreed to be satisfed. The details of tho case in the London papers and the correspond- ence between the plaintiff and the defendant aro of a chaz>eter which indicate that the hanl of the Dredg: is perhaps sufiiciently remunerative under the stances. At the eamo time they do not to exhibit Mr. Clirton Winans, although 8 young gentleman of fsmily and wealth, in tho light of & healthy examplo for tho rising generation. Mr.J. Y. Scammon writes to the Chicago Times as follows : When 1 determined to establish the Jnter-Ocean, o prominent Judge of one of the Courte, who knows T4= TRinusE people, said to me: “Do you know what you are doing? Tuzx TRIDONE will leave no stone unturned to injure you. = Thcre is no faisehood or vilamy to which they will not resors fo injuro you and your paper, your business, and your prospects.” o presume that this Judgo was 1ot the ono who publicly commonted on the dishonorsblo conduct of Mr. Scammon in holding the funds of the Mutual Becurity Insurance Company, while msintaining lawsuits against them. Tho public are more concerned with the remarks of Judges on tho bench than with the colloguies they hold with Mr. Scammon on the street- corner, Although it had been generally suspected in this city for many years that Mr. Scammon was a gilded humbug and & pious froud, we did not feel called upon to show what foundation there was for this belief until he publicly advised the community, through his nowepaper, that Tue Tempuse was fast approaching s condition of banlruptey. This was n false statement. It was also libellous, It wes then, and not before, thatwe felt at liberty to examine Mr. Scammon's claims to sit in judgment upon the financial affairs of his neighbors. Tho fact that he Lad bonght the re- maing of & bankrupt newspaper had nothing to do withit. Ho might have gone on to this day unscatked, 8o far as T TRIDCNE is concerned, if he had kept = civil tongue in his head. Ll e It is reported that omo of the features of Washington society during the coming winter will be tho * Kiss Quadrille.” Tho distingaishing characteristic of this movement is that, st the command, “ala main left,” cach gentleman kisses his partner. It is presumed thet the quadrille is one of that complicated kind in which each gentlemen takes each lady in ton 23 partner during some ° portion of tho dance, in which caso everybody would havo an_opportunity of kissing everybody else beforo the quadrille should be finished. Tt is safe to conclude, under these circumstancos, that the danco will hencoforth be more mazy than ever. An opinion is exprossedin certain quarters that the # Kiss Quadsillo” will contrib- ate & now olement to the ern.of good feeling” which hos been discovered in Washington. There may be gentlemen who will object to hav- ing their wives, daughtors, sisters, or sweet- hearts miscellaneonsly and promiscuously kissed; and it is possible that theso objections might in- terrupt the harmonicus stato of things which i now supposed to exist. - Thero is evidently & good denl of interest felt in certain'circles in the proposed work of the Palestine Exploration Society. Tho exploring party consists of Lieutenant Edgar Z. Steever, of the United States army, who has o leave of absence for the purpose; Mr. J. A, Paine, for- merly Professor in Robert College, Constantino- ple, who is an accomplished naturalist and archwologist; and Mr. Edward A. Van Dyck, tho TUnited States Vice-Consul-Goneral at Beirut, who will act s linguist. Tko region to bo explored is that to the east of the Jordan Valley; and, 25 an American had tho honor of beginning the ex- plorations of the country west of tho Jordan, there is something of a national pride in the Thope that they will reveal the mysteries of Moab, Bashan, Gilead, and Edom. The altention of the exploring party will be given mainly to the meteorology, topography, archeology, geology, zoology, and boteny of the region. Those who are interested in the movement may communi- cato with the General Agent of tho Society, Refi}‘ James H. Dwight, 26 Exchange Place, New Yor! ¥ The Austrian Government is contemplating a chango in its Ministry which ghall Lenceforth place & civilion ob the head of its War Depart- ment,” This will be & very decided innovation in =2 country that has been given to suoh decided military tendencies, On the one hand, it is urged that the professional bias of the soldier is apt to exert a prejudicial influcnco in the man- agement of the department. In opposition to this, it is held that, at this time, when retrench- ment is the main objest in view, a civilian can- Dot understand what expensesmay bo lopped off with least damage to the service. The move- meat_fu favos of the clange is suspected to IS LITERATURE ILL-PAID ? . ".OF "CHICAGO. E ‘To tho examples of well-paid authors cited in our former articla-we might add those of Rus- kin, Reade, Yatos, Milman, Mill, and tie two Balwers, especially Sir Edward Lytton. Tio latter has publisted nearly seveniy volumes, some of them upon subjects exacting much spe- cial research ; and for many of his novels has received £1,500 exch, besides winning a Baronet- cyand a seat in Parlisment as a result of his literary distinction. And yot how hard, think you,’ has Bulwer worked? Never, he tolls us, 5o lsbonously as to .degeverate. into a slave of ‘tho pen, & mere literary drudge. He has won his present proud position by de- voting, s a rule, not over three hours a day to reading and writing ; and yet Dulwer is not a man of genius, He is only & man of prodigions talent, who hss namrowly escaped being & genius. Bat, eays an objector, the instances you have mentioned of well-remunerated sathorship are exceptional ; you cite all the prizes in the lot- tery, and say nothing nbout tho blanks. What of Chaterton, of Savage, of Hood, Dlanchard, and Poo? In reply, we readily admit that some men of letters havo lived lives of penury, ending in etarvation,—that some of the works which havo charmed the world, have been writton with the heart’s blood of their authors. But are such failures the doom of literary men only ? Do we not see them in-every calling and walk of lifo ? Are there no starving doctors who £nd it harder to keep the vital spark in their qwn bodies than in those of their patiants,—no lawyers, of whorx some future Gray may truthfolly sing: B TeLTRne s o et Obiil negligenco reprussed their legal rage, And froze the quibbling currenc of thio soul?” Has not the Church its army of martyrs,—pas- tora steeped in poverty to the lips, yet having as any mouths to fecd as the anti-Malthusian John Rogers? Ia money & drug with every dreggist, —is ovory tnilor as familiar with turkey as with goose,—and are teachers never impecunious 2 Is any fact better estehlished than that ninety-five out of every hundred merchants quit business in disgust. or become bankrupt? Not much is said of the unhappy lot of theco men; butwo hear & continual ding-dong about the miseries of authors. = . Tha New York World, in spesking of the pe- cuniary receipts of the authors of that metrop- olis, says that they do not averago $500 a year. ¢ Ko profession,” it adds, * even. when success ful, is so precarious,—demands greater brain- Iabor at smaller compensation. Thero azo doz- ens of literary men in this city, whose names are popularly familiar, living on incomes that & stone-cntter wonld laugh at.” This, we belisve, is an exaggerated statement ; but, allowing it to be substantially true, why is the fact thus ? e cannot belp thinking that, in & great majority of cases, it is the fault of the literary men themselves,—of their own imprudence. When a vulgar mortal, u teilor, mechanic, or stone-cutter, deepises economy, and spends in one day the earnings of ten, he goes to wreck. He knows perfectly well that, however bard he may work, unless bo cerefally husbands his receipts, and jealously guards against the little leaks of use- Iess expenditure, he can never become independ- ent. Why should the man of genins expect to be exempted from this rnle? Does he expect a miracle to be worked. or rather a series-of miracles, o save him from tl:3 consequences of his own acts? Look again ot Goldsmith, How is it possible for any man to thrive who squandsrs his money 50 recklessly es ho did his? Emptying his pockets 88 soon as. they were filled, he was eternally harassed by credit ors; and though receiving large sums from his writings, had always his daily bread to earn. No gooner hnd tho procceds of tuu “* Good-Natured Man ” come into his hands than the bulk was spent in purchesing and furnishing with clegance s set of chambers in the Temple, —paying for this £400, at a time when ke had just been sorely distressed by his debts. At an- other time, when he had not a ehilling in his pocket, he gave away his bed-clothes to & poor ‘woman, and was found sleeping on the feathers of his bed, with his arms thrust throngh holes in the tick. Goldsmith might have been inde- pendent had he not thrown away hus earnings. True, he died £3,000 in debt, as we have clready stated; but when was zny other man in similar, circumstances so trusted ? There are scores of literary men at the present day of whom Goldsmith was & prototype. They realize for years o fair or s large income; they live beyond it; they got mmto debt, and are dogged by Sheriffs; they-borrow of their friends till they can borrow no longer; houseless, ‘moneyless, shabby, and hungry, they joln in the cry sbout the miserablo rewerds of Literature, and the woes of literary men. Yet who does mot see that, till the laws of nature are reversed, they cannot reasonably expect, unless they themselves change; o change in their condition? Itis o misfortune of the literary profession that it is one to which hardly any person is bred. 1tis recruited largely by persons who, having tried soversl other callings and failed, adopt this as a pis-aller, or becnuse they have, ar fancy they have, for it & natural teste. It is made up, 1n short, of the vagrant talent of the world. The complaint of Pope, snd of Horace before him, is too true of the Boheminns of to-day: 4 He served a 'prenticeship wh gets up shop; Ward tried on puppies and the Foor Lis drop Bat those who cannot write, and those who can, Al rhyrme, and serawl, and gcribblo to & man,” It is well, perkaps, that there is such & I’ Hop- ilal des Invalides, such a House of Refuge, for the lawyers, doctors, clergymen, and others who have found out that in the pursuit of their call~ ings the round men get into the squaro holes, It is fortunate that there is one kind of business in which any man who has & nimble brain, & quiro of paper, a stoel-pen, and an ink-bottle, can sct up shop. . But having adopted this call- ing, tho writer should consecrate himself to it religionsly. He should give up his gypsy habits, ‘his contempt for rule and system, and recognize the iron conditions that hem every man in. He should reatize that he has & life of toil before him, and Lraco himself to it with all ths cool- ness and energy of s manof theworld. He should see, and profoundly . feel, thot while he has many advantages over other tpilers, in the ability to' command his time, and ‘to go to bed when he has o headache or o heart-ache, ho is not ot other times to be continually dwelling among the roses and lilics of life, but must grupple with its stern realities. He should never forget that on him, as on his brethren of coarser clay, tho world will press with its proasic needs; that the tax-gatherer will visit him as well os others; that, if ho run in debt 8t Christmas tire, avound his head will drive ‘s snow-storm of bills. It has been well said that ‘“the finest oxpression will not liguidato o butcher's scconnt. If Apollo puts his mame to a bilk he must meet it when it becomes due, or go into the gazette.” The literary adventurer, therefore, should aban-~ don all hope of following out his own fancies ‘merely,—at lesst while the world spins on the principle that bread and meat aro to bo got only for cash. Not having had any special preliminary training for his profession, Lie should, for that very reason, sot himsclf deliberately to work-to remedy his defects. He should take especial care of the tool or inatrument ha is to work with, his mind,—giving it cdgo and sharpness by the Tight stuiies, enlarging it by serviceable Inowledgo, and keeping it clear and bright in- stead of leiting it rust by jadolence, or dim- ming it by dissipation, He o 4 browse freely inall tho fields of literaturo and history, soquaint himself with tho leading foct physical ecience, political aconomy, politics, and philosophy, as g part of his necessary stock in trade. Above all, ho should rid himeelf of the silly notion that it is the nature of genius to be wayward and irregular. Instead of working by 4its and starts, lying idle sixd=ys and crowding DY PROF. WILLIAM MATHEWS, OF THE UNIVERSITY ingtoa periodical or nowspaper, dohis work punctually end to the wishes of his employor. _But whether sn employe or working independ- ontly, “let him husband his gains, rememberng that to be poor is the surest way to keep poor, and tiat tiie only way to command ‘the money of othsrs is not to need it. Whlis he should never cconoaize eo far as *1o thick candle ends” and become ‘& niggard, ho should yet seck to be ine depondent by all honorable means, as necessary not only to his self-respect, but to the untram- melled and vigorous exercise of - the faculties by which he is to earn his bread. Can ary ona doubt that o literary man, thus equipped and thus acting would make head in the world? Ia itnot as truo of thiscallingas of everyother, that g0 far from first-class employment- being want~ ing for first-class men, the men are wanting for the employment? Need any zuthor plead his fine tastes as an excuso for extravegant expendi- tures, when Burns, with seventy pounds a year, could keep free of debt? Or will any one talk of the incompatibility of valgar cares about beet, ard bread with the lofty conceptions of genins, of authors, amassed 5 sum equal to more than, two bundred thousand dollars in our own daj and that Scott neglected no duty a5 a msn and! citizén waile. he wrought out Lis marvillo fictions? The trath is, it is with other literarymen as it is with the toilers connected with the daily and weelily presa;, their calling is what they choose tomakoit. A gencration ago there was a déal { of cant in the nowspapers about the hard lot of the gentlemen of the press. Almost every coan try editor had his monthly or quarterly Jeres miad, in which he indulged in a long sud Ingu~ beggarly receipts. Now that, by emergy, tact, and persistence, tho press has become an engine . of power, tho * Fourth Estate ” of the realm, w3 hear no moro of these piteous plaints. A joar~ nalist thrives . or fails, according to’ his gualifications ond hadits. ~ Tho “b'hoys” and “ fast” men of tke profession who ““go in” for a short Life and & merry one,— who mortgege morrows of happiness for mo monts of present gratification,—whese fingers itch to get xid of a dollar the moment they re- ceive it—who.make Iarger investments in champagne: suppes than in interest-bears ing notes,—who dispise the homely virtues of temprance and frugality, and, Micawber-like, arc alwsys counting upon soma miracalous piece df good fortune to *turnup™ —this class is, dowtless, miserable enough, and think their profesion, as they would think any other, if they belonged to it, the hardest-worked and most poorly-requted in the world. Such men are always “harc¢up” for ideas and money, have & naturel horroraf the printer's devil, and when' not engeged in digging out leaders from their brains are excavaling their own graves. But those who stick fo theit legitimate business, od do their daties faith- fully, steer clear of hr-rooms and billiard sa- loons, have & horror € race-conrses, go homo aé night before the key-lole is *stolen,” psy ona hundred cents to the dollar, and bear in mind that there iss_“rabydsy” coming, for whick it would be well to lay by & snug sum,~get along well enough, and find their. calling. g pleasant and profitwle, to say the least, as that of feeling pulses, peaching to eleepy congregan tions, or piercing th skulls of stupid jurymen.: The ownors of our great representstive jours nals are alweys on the watch for suchmenj they have the eyes «falynx to detect them in the humblest and mast obscure positions ; and if to these qualificaticns they add mental grasp, large resources, anc that tact and worldly knowledge which put fho keystone to the arch of all their other gualiications, their sscent to the topmost round of tle ladisr will be as sura and rapid in this profession 2s in eny other. ‘Tne New York Board of Health has passed a very pactical and every woy excellent resolus tion, calling upon the City Sanitary Inspector o canse an investigatior to be made of all man= ufactories, workrooms, a1d places of businessin New York, for the purpise of ascertaining tha sanitary condition of woikmen and the hygienie influences of their occumtions. The principal points of the investigation to be established ara the following : L. Location, structure, and size of building. 2. How ooeupied, and 5y whom, 4 3. -Condition of roomsin regard to size, ventilation, light, warming, charactr of machinery in use, nums T of occupanis, sex, afes. 4. Location “acd condition of privies and waters closets ; water supply azd drainage ; me2nsof escpa in the event of a fire, . Occupations and their infiuente mpon health. Hours devoted to work of operatives whether stands ing, sitting, or stooping; physical eteots of posturc ‘Wit impuFities of atmolehero peculiir to the® occupa tion, whether gseous, vaporized, minwal, or organicy and the effects of each on the heaith of thé operatives 3 ‘water-closet conveniences ; effects of wo:k o gizht and hearing; time of lunch. G. Condition of operatives at their hoxes a3 influe encing or modifying the pecullar efects of sccupation. Herein is contained a bint for our cwn Board of Health, which they would do woll to sct npon. The hygiene of ‘labor is of greater impartanca than learned eseays upon the influcnce of the gouthwest wind or long-winded disquisitions Tupon the smells of Bridgeport. Let us have onr manufactories and workrooms, where larga numbers of workmen congregate, thoroughly exemined, commencing with those factories where trades are corried on which are known ta be nubealthy, and closing with the workrooms of sewisg gitls. Let our Board of Health enact such measures as will secure light, pure sir, and healthy surroundings for our working men and women, and they will at least accome plish one practical result, worth more than all the hygienic litera'ure they have yet presented tho public. . The suicide ste‘istics of France tend to dem- onstrate the inaccuracy of many popular ime pressions in regard to the clasaes of people who take their own lives, and the circumstances thot suggest this extreme measure. During 1670, 4,157 completed suicides were reported in ZFrance, 81 per cent of which was of the female sox. It will surprise many persons, howerer, to find that 2,630 of. these were the inhabitants of rural districts as ageinst 1,461 inhabitants of towns, It hes gonerally been supposed that cities, with their greater excitement, dissipation, and suffering, farnish more causes for self-dae struction than are to be found in the rural dise tricts. Such does not seem to be the case, Ine. doed, the class which provided the largest num- ter of the victims of saicide is tho agricultural class, in which theré were 1,894 cases of Jelodese. Onthe other hand, there were only 395 persons, out of the entire number of suis cides, who had no avowed occupations. Among these must be included the prostitutes, outcasts, vagrants, and dangerons classes generelly, Thig seems to indicate that idleness and vice do not swell the lists of suicide 50 much 2 has been populerly supposed. The assigned causes for self-destruction are as follows: 1,377 from cere bral diseass ; 930 from various forms of suffere ing, 515 of these being cases of physical enffers ing; 701fromlove, jealousy, debanckery, or othet ‘misconduct; 512 from femily discord; and 333 from reverses in fortune and misery. A curiong result of theso investigations is in the discovery that 1,243 persons, or more than one-fourth of tho whole number of suicides, had passed 60 ars of nge, or took sway lifo when it would only havo been necessary fo wait & very short time for nature to have saved them the commis. sion of the crime. —_— It Las been decided in Englard that a banRe rupt may not refuse to answer questions which are put to him touching his estates aac effects, - even when such questions tend to criminate him, Such a rule might possibly be imitated to- good advantago evérywhore, though it has been tha custom tq treat bankrupts in” this connfry with tho ‘sume immunity i this xegard ssif they were arraigned as criminals. Dat the English Courts seem to have gone too far in the other direction, as it has been recently held that suca an examination may beiotroduced as evidence in any criminal suit that may follow; and a man Das been actually convicted in s criminal prosos into one doy tho labors of six, he must,s & havae jts origin in some personal eoncidarstions, rulo, toil at statad times, and if he is contribut~ cution by his own testimony given proviously i bankruot procecdings. = . R when he remembers that Shakspeare, the king 3 ) brious wail over Lis hercnlean labors and hig .. ! s