Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 15, 1872, Page 6

6 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIB UNE: FRIDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1872. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. - EBB OF EUBECHIDEION (riTimuE T ADVANED), Dy .60 | Senday., .§2.5 Bienlnn S g 00| el S238 Parts of & ye \t the game rate. To prevent delay cud mistckes, ho sure znd irs Post Ofice address in full, including State azd Couaty. Remittances may be mads eizher bydraft, express, Pott Ofice order, orin registered lottcrs, ot cur zisk. TERE TO CITT STSCHIDERS. r, deliveréd, Sunduy excepied, 5 cents por week, Geliversd, Sunday inciuded, 3 ccats ber weeks THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘a5 Deasbornste., Chicago, 1ll Corzer Madtson TRIBUNE Branch Offcs, No, 459 Wabash-ar., n tho Bookstore of Messrs. Cobb, Andrews & Co., where advertisements and subscriptions will be recelved, and wil haso the sume atention 8 Af left 2t the Muin Offce. BUSINESS NOTICES. ROUGH SKIN MADE SMOQTE by USING JUNIPER I ng S taared by Chowel, Beroar s o ow Yok > MAHA LOTTERY.~HIGHEST PR 75,000, ;_“gng‘.\:- ’}\;nl‘:(nsk; slrum E“‘ffi’,-‘”}?g 5 ;:bsuo%omw c. 20~ Ticket ol 85 LML Biithe, Gmati, Moo D s FOR DYSPEPSIA, INDIGESTION, DEPRESSION of Bpirita and Generzl Debilit tho Ferro Phosphorated of Calfsaza Bask (Calfiags Dark tnd 10, = toe est fonle. Mado by Caswell, fazerd & Go , Now York, and sold by Druggiate. ©. G. COLLINS, BOYS’ CLOTHING, 184 AND 155 CLARK-ST. AROMATIO LIQUID PEPSIN IS A VERY AGREE- ablo form of a verv effectivo remedy. Pepain, tho valua- ‘ble qualities of which are destroged in W 'of Pepsin, eljxirs of Pepsin, otc., etc., they containing n!eogol— known to bo incompatiblo with pepsin. We maka our Aroxatic Liquid Pepsin diccct from the animal atomach, withous alcohol, giving it 1o the human in so pleasant a farm as o be acorptablo to'tho most delicato somac imen, woman, or child, and containing the true digestive prnciple of the onc, gives the fore et and Lt o tho other. for mathers mmorning sickness, cans Destor, wo say on ISbel (ivins dos, $oo R A R AT T “To medical profession will be eorro: week with sz2ruples of this, 203 fessional 1ot o Fing the comin 3" éne of our Standsrd Fhuld meny from leading mem- St Tnatsnns Mfetion & a5h pers of Indiana’s C2 f faying of toe Iztter ¢ 75uily iho cquat of SRuibbE, > ds bekoslenad leades of aciatc, a compliment of which older cstablisimeats wapld be justly prous. 1f ot to bo had of sour drugsish order dire A piat bostle, secarcly oG, wiil be oxpre bouse, fret of fesight, o reesiftof 51 ILL & PH] Manafacturisg Chermists, Lvans Now but a night’s rige o or from Chicazn (di ©n Ohiorh ot froz s, ect South, 1) in Woodruit's spleadid slcebing cuachss Vi or eating-hiuso at Via- ive: G, D. & V. R. R., with 2 superi n, mannizcturing phar. city to_extend the salo timonials he bears, as of our most prominent cit~ aiupies of A. L. P. F uho's Eqropoen ‘oics, Bundsy Xfornitg, December 15, 1872, XEiY, ESTATE SPECULATION. To the Editor of The Chiczz0 Tribune : Sm: Wil you piecse cxpiain Low recl ectate specu- iztion tends, 28 you eay, fo produce tigktacss in the mouey market? . Since zil the money invested in lind remsing in the country, and generaliy in (ie vicinity . of whe land speculsted upon, i crpears fome that there must bo some mistels in the commonly-re- ceived idea that such specuiation fcads to produco financlal sringency, T can underetznd how the build- ieg of unprodactive railwars mny tend to {hat result, since the building of such invelses tho con Fumpticn of food, iron, tmber, znd other materiols which constitatoa part of tho surplus capitel of the world, and which onght b La epplied to purposes of reproduction. Deing empiored in constracting a rail- way or other work which dces not@Eturn & fair inter- est op the capitz] consumed, tegether with 5 fund to Teplace wear 2nd tear, the procass of destruction hes evidentlysetin, Dut, in the case of resl estate specu- Iations, Do capital is consumed, Itis eimply the csso ©f two or more men shutup in 8 Toom SwApping Jack- Emives or gambling with gun-wads—ls it not? Axswen: The rezsca why ereculat occupied Jand tends to prodnce financial girin- gency, and, if carried far cnough, a financial crisis, is to bs found principelly in the fact that it leads to the creation of debt. It is quite true tkat none of the accumulated capitel of tho world is consumed or destroyed in buying end selling land; but euch capital is usually pledged to the amount of three-fourths of the price of the land in fature peyments, dependence being placed on the capability of the land itself to sub~ gerve some human purpose equal in value to the agreed price, together with interest for the meantime, If this dependence is mistaken, gomebody must bear the loss, and, when these losses become great enongh to produce bank- suptoy, the consequences will extend not merely to the speculators themselves, but to 2ll their creditors. Ard whon the epeculsting class embraces almost tho entire community, a8 in1837, the bankruptey will be general,—that is, if the transactions hve beon based upon fie- titions values. Everything depends, therefore, on the wisdom of the investment, or tho financial ability of the last purchaser. If the last purchoser is able to ‘meet his payments, even though resblting in a permanent loss to himself, we cannot sce how the money market should be affected either way, 1o debt having been created, or how tho com- ity generslly should be any poorer in conse- quence of his improvident investment. True, if be hadfinvested it in farming or manafacturing, or other productive industry, the community would have been the gainer, but ihe presump- tion is that the person to whom he paid it will investit in productive industry ; for, if we ex- purige money from the trancaction eatirely (as we ought, in order to understand its ultimate economic effects), and suppose that & given amount of wheat, or pork, or lumber, was given in exchango for the land, it is inevita~ ble that tho seller of tie land will employ this capital for purposes of reproduction, or tranefer it to somebody who wiil. The orlylcsa in this case to the community at large arises from the gozsnmption or perscpel cspenditure of the epeculator while ho is living oa the enticipated income from his epeculation. _ In practice, howaver, rcal estate speculations are based mpon cne-fourth capital aud three- fourths credit. If the advance in price result- ing from the general movement of society—im- ‘migration, population, and growth of business— does not keep pace with the expectations of pur- chasers at least suificicatly to pay the interest on their parchases, ihero will be a stringency among themselves and all persona to whom they are indebted, sud if, i k stringeney ©of emoihcr Lind ceewrs, their obligetions will add fo ead aggravate jt. Thisisa truizm to bo sure, but no iscns- sion of the quertion would be complete without 5 statement of it, Tie cuestion whother Yalues of veal estate in thi end vicinity bave been cxaggeratcd—whother the debts incurred will pay themselves end yield 2 margin of proft ot of the nses to wkich land may be put—is an im- portant one by itself, 2nd tho opinions of those weo buy end scll real estate wre on the whole better then those of pcraosa not g0 cmployed, for however much their judgment may be cleuded in individual insiances, it is their spocial ‘businees to learn and kmow {le facts applicable to such investments za a basis for tho emplog- ment of their own capitsl. The avidence ob- {ainable from this sousce would imply that we heve nol Teb resched tha mesimun valao of rogl the meonfime, a ols sing Ao A8 P i LSS o proor ofila. One, d (5 sour- 7 & estate in Chicago and the vicinity. That these men sre as shrewd and safe in their ealculations as tho business community gezerally is proved by the fact that there have been fewer failures smong them during the past ten years than smong the mercantile classcs, FEEEZING THE CHILDREN. The Board of Educction, at a meeting on Tuesday night, resented as false the statements of the officers of the Humane Society concern- ing the practice of keeping children outside of the school buildings during excessively cold weather, The Board substantielly declared the statement, that such a thing over happened, to befalse. Itseems to be the settled doctrine of the Board of Education, that its officers, teachers, and subordinates can do no wrong, and of courss never do wrong. Consequently, whenever a ocomplaint 18 made, tho Board, instead of ad- dressing itself to measures to prevent such bar~ barity as is mentioned in this case, resolve that the barberity never took place, could not take place, and the persons making the complaint are falsifiers end blackguards. The knowledge of perhaps ten thousand fomilies in this city, of the fact thet children attending the public schools zre locked out, and kept out until the last moment for opening schools, which fact is confirmed by frosen toes, and fingers, and ears, and heavy colds, amounts to nothing in the case. Com- pleints against mismensgement in the public schools ere to be crushed out. No child dare com- plain, and no parent . can appeal to the Boerd of Education without meeting the prompt declara- tion that the charge of misconduct is s falsehood. The child that ventures to complain is thence- forward Jooked upon as & dangerous person. His complaint is eilenced without redress, and, if he ventures to continue at that school, he must do 80 2t the cost of being Lmown as the boy who complained of his teacher. Undsar these circum- stances, having practically rendered com- plaint an cffence of the blackest hue, aud to be punished accordingly, the Borzd and Superintendent boastingly refer to the absence of complsints es an evidence of in- fellibility in the entira school depariment. Despito the resolutions and denials of the on, it i3 & notorious fact thet the exclusion of tho children from the school buildings before schcol hours in inclement weather has been the rule, and not the excep- tion; and the fact that this i3 eo, is even mors diegraceful to the Board of Education than it is to tke janitors, or, Principals, who are but the hired servants of the Board. There is hardly a person who has ever passed by one of the large school buildings of a coid, rainy, or .snowy morning, before sck00l hours, who kag not scen geveral hundred little creatures buddled together, shivering znd freezing in the cold wind or driving rain, wait- ing until the bell annourced the stafutory time for opening tho echool. Xo humace man would expose his Lorses, cows, or sheep to the extent that these littie clildren have been ex- posad in these school yards. Wo are atating frcts thaf are notorious, and have been witnessed dag after day in Chicago, not this season alone, but in previous seasons, It is perfectly nsoless for the Board of Education to acquit themselves of responsibility for this freczing of children by denials of facts that are notorious, or by excuses that aro frivolous. Instead of denying the fact, why do they not mako a peremptory order, that all school buildings ehall, from the 1stof No- vember until the 15th of March in each yoar, be opened at half past 8 o'cleck to the children? Buch a rule would prevent the possibility of these children suffering from cold; it would provent thousands of cases of malignant colds, with their consequences ; it would, moreover, be a conces~ sion to humanity, of which a Board of Education néed not be ashamed, and it would settle the question now in dispute for all time to come. If the Board of Education really want to prevent child-freezing, let them declare, if they have not elready done g0, that the school doors shall be open one-half hour before school call, and thus render it impopsible that aay of these children ehould suffer. The adoption of s peremptory rule like that would be the best answer to the complaints of the Humane Society. That Society, though perbaps stepping outside of their legal province in this matter, have drawn attention to an un- mitigated wrong, and can afford to treat the censures of the Board of Education with the same indifference that they do those of persons detected in cruelty to dumb animals. THE LAW OF WIFE-MUEDER. Hungizg has become so much of sn event in, this country, of late, that tho incidents in a re- cent trinl for murder, conviction, and exccation in Washington City, assume & special impor- tance. The ceso was that of s negro who had cut bis wife's throat. Both men and wife had been sleves. After the proclamation of emanci- pation, the man joined tho ermy. He claimed that, during his absenco of more than a year, his wifo had borne a child which was illegitimate, He forgave her, again went into the army, snd provided for bLer support. But the wife, as- he claimed, wes sill unfaith- fal, and, uwpon his second re- twrn, be killed her in o fit of jealousy. A “fit of jealousy ” would, sccording to precedent, be regarded 2g * emotional ineanity,” and would justify a verdict of acquittal in the minds of most juries. Tho Judge in this particular trial warded off such a verdict by insiructing the jury that malico was clearly present when the murder was committed. One of his reasons for this instruction was that the weapon which was used was 5 razor. There is something, then, sbout the instruments by which death is brought on that determines the exient of deliberation and malica, If the instrument had beon & pistol, and tho victim the paramonr instead of 3 wifo, it is not impossible that a different verdict wounld have been rendered. Another view of the mat- ter, taken by the Judge, was likewiso mnique. n the course of his instructions to the jury, he s0id thet, had every woman been slain who had lived with & man other than her husband during the war, there would be almost as many women Lilled as there were men who fell in battle. If this judgment be accepted, the conclusion is that ¢ emotional insenity ” cannot be admitted in cages of jealonsy which orise from infidelity during tho war. Tho eceno &t the gallows was not lezs disgusting than some of the incidents of the trial. Tho convict Wwas accompanied by several colored cler- gymen, who united in concentrating all elements of personal megmetism into o religious enthusi asm, which completely overshadowed the solem~ nity of the occasion, and left no impression of the real tragic character of the lzw which takesa life for a life. The joined together in singing : . Must T luy this body down 2 The culprit sang with them, completely carried mway : sad. inst bofore the Tope was sirotched. he cried out: “Good-bye, friends; good-bye, everybody. I am going to Jesus. You must come and meet me,” Here was certainly an éxe- cution without & moral ; or, if there was one, it was of & kind that could hiave been spared. ANOTHER CASE OF CHURCH DISCIPLINE, The religious community of England is just now agitated over a quostion of church dis- cipline which has meny points of resemblance with the celebrated Cheney case, though result- ing in a précisely opposito decision. In the case of Mr. Cheney, it was reported to the Bishop that this c]ergymén was in the babit of omitting the word “regeneration” from the baptismal sorvice. Bishop White- house ordered ‘an ecclosinstical investi- gation, which resulted in establishing thet Mr. Cheney had exercised his discretion in the use or omission of the word, Mr. Cheney himself never having denicd it, but maintaining his right to omit itas & matter of conscience. Mr. Cheney was first suspended; was then de- posed, but never gave up bis church; snd the Bishop, through some pew-holders in Mr. Che- ney's parish, brought suit for permanent in- Jjunction against Mr. Cheney’s officiating in Christ Church,—a suit that is still pending. These circumstances were the principal features of the Cheney controversy. ‘The present Englich case concerns the burial service instoad of the baptismal service. Com- plaint was made to the Bishop of Lincoln that a Rector in his diocese had declined to read all the words of the burial service over o deceased parishioner of immoral life. The particuler words which were construed to be objectionable inacase of this kind are supposed to be that portion of the English service which consigns the body to earth, “in sure and certain hopo of & joyful resurrection.” The English Rector de- clined the use of these words in the burial of aperson who did not die, as he belioved, in the grace of the Lord. The decision of Bishop Wordsworth, of Lin- coln, was very different, however, from that of Bishop Whitehouse, of Chicago. He wrote to the complainant that, ““in dealing with such un- happy persons, it is the clergymen’s duty to endeavor to bring them to repentance; but, if ho conscientionsly feels that thero ere expressions in the burial service which he cannot use, he is not to be condemned for leaving them out, sce- ing that when the rubrics were last settled there were means of enforcing discipline against iho laity es well o8 the clergy.” There is not much forco to bo attached to tho reason which tio Bishop of Lincoln gives for hia decision; tho main -point is simply that clergymen in his dioceso may, or mey not, use all the phrascology of the liturgy in the burial service, according to their opinions of its fitncss. ) i In the Chicago case, while Tlshop White- houso's decision, that 1o clergyman has tho right to exercise his . discretion in tho wuse of tko preseribed liturgy, excited ths most vehement opposition, Bishop Wordsworth's decision, that a clergyman has this right, has doveloped an oqual smomnt of dissension in England. Al the arguments which wero nsed by Bishop Whitchouse's supporters in this country have been sdranced sgainsi. Bishop Wordsworth. If, it is said, o clergyman may exercise his discretion in regard to the burial sorvico, may bo mot do o with every other portion of the Prayer-Book? Aside from this, the discretionary use or omission of the words + g sure and certein hope,” in the burial service, is a much more responsible assumption than the disuse of tho word ‘“‘regenmerstion,” in the baptismal service. It is said that, es a rule, baptism occurs ot ages in which &l children aro ealikein the matter of innocenco ; but, at death, the individual clergy- man would find himself called uponto pass judgment upon theé moral life of the deceased. An omission of the words indicating future sal- vation," whilo these words arca partof the Prayer-Book, and as long as they continue to ba used generally in cases of death, ia the passing of sentence upon the life of the deceased, and * indicating distinctly that it will be followed by futare punishment. Whatshould constitute the cause for such sentence might become a bone of contention that would Iead to the wutter dismemberment of tho Church. It is also claimed by Biechop Wordsworth’s oppononts that the words were not intended to refer to the decessed especially, but as “a sure and certain hope” for all man- kind who die within the pale of the Church. It waa similarly cleimed by many in this country that the word “regeneration” does not intend to be accepted litorally, and the House of Bish- ops have decided, in effect, that it must be used, but that it does not mean anything. How much trouble this decision of Bishop Wordsworth’s may occasion in the English Church remaing to be seen. It has not yot excited the same amount of contro- versy s the Cheney case in this country, for the reason that it did not include an ecclési- astical trial. There is no means of disposing of the objectioneble phrase by & roference to a General Convention, as among us. Parliament alone could effect the change. To introduce the subject of changing the Prayer-Book in any par- ticular into Parliament, would precipitate a Church crifis in England. The differences that now exist botween the Ritualists and non-Ritu- alists, the High Church end Low Church, the Conservatives and the Modern Profes- sionists, comstitute already several parties, and any effort to make one altoration in the Prayer-Book would be fraught with the denger of a flood of proposed amendments. It would, in all probability, open the way for a disestab- lishment which Parliament will be careful to avoid. Vet the laxity whioh, sccording to English Consersative . views, is given to clergymen through tho decision recently mado by the Bishop of Lincoln, mey easily lead to more serious Church troubles than any that fol- Jowed the Cheney controversy in this country. KEEPING LATE HOURS. In some recollections of early theatrical days in New York, it is noticed, among othor things, that tho performance was announced to begin at * precisely an half hour after 6 o'clocl.” The custom indicates that there was much more frugality in social life thon than any of our large American cities enjoy at the present time, and emggests that & robum to the custom might produce many changes for the better in the gemeral discontinuance of kecp- ing late hours. There is no reason why pociel and public amusements should last until late in the night. The lateness of their hours is largely responsible for the character of diesi- pation which theyso often assume. Itis by no means exclusively a custom of primitive times to keep good hours. In most of the German cities, the theatrical and operatic performances ‘begin at an early hour, in many cases as early as 644 o'clock. Tho practice contributes yery son- sibly to the enjoyment of the perform- ances. They are concluded at 93¢ o'clock, after farnishing good, long intormis- sions for = visiting the Dufils or chatting in the boxes, and the audionce retires in amplo season to get to bed at the usnal hour, ortoaitend a social recoption without being obliged to forego some favorite opers, play, or ballet. Among tho benefits which accompany the practice of opening public entertainments at an earlier hourin this country, would be & desir- eble limitation of business hours. It has been found in great commercial centres that as much business can be done by systematic attention to it for six hougs as if ten hours were occupied. In London, for instance, it is the custom to transact the bulk of the wholesale and sample trade, as well es professional business, within the hours of 10 2. m.and4p.m. One of the results of the custom is,that every business man is found at his post, while, without the estab- lishment of fixed hours, and in the relaxation which is sotight in o stretch of from 8 o'clock in the morning till 6 or7 o'clockin the evening, there i8 never any certeinty of finding the man you want to gee. There is reason to suspect that asmuch time is lost on this account as would occur by limiting business hours. The per- micious results of overtasation of the physicel s0d mental system, which are o general in Americs, are largely due to the practice of doing business st all times of day; and it is probzble that the saving in health and vigor would moro than compensate for tHe apparent loss of time that would ensue from the change. Itiscoming 10 be very generally felt that the ncuralgizs, the nervons attacks, and the debility which ere notable among both American men and women, a8 compared with the peoplo of other countries, are to bo traced to the Ilate hours which are kept in our American cities, The trouble ‘whichthereformors hevefound is where theycan begin tho general change which is acknowledged t0 b 5o desirable. May not their starting point be found in the hours of opening at tho public places of amusement? It would bo for the com- fort, convenience, and, profit of managers to begin their performances at 6:30 o'clock, instead of 8 o'clock, and to a very largo extent, such & changa would regulate hours both before and ‘after their entertainments. TEE LXPENSE OF HARRIAGE. A New York paper recently indicated somo reasons 1o somo men remain single, by show- ing the cost of marriage. It geve in dcteil the , expenses of & bridel outfit somewhat 28 follows: A robo of heavy eatin, with train three yards in length, trimmed with pufiings of illusion 2ad point laco and satin raflies, ornamented with sprays of orango blosscms, all of which is es- sential to give point snd binding force to tho vows of everlasting fidelity—2300. This i3 = comfortable sum; but the firet reception-dress of peach-blow gros-grain silic, trimmed with point appliquo, puts the votive xobo in the shade with a bill of £600. Tke young maiden must also have & walking diess of sage-gréen, of iwo shades, with a trimming of black thread-lace for the weist, and s rufle of box-plaits at tho hot- tom, which adds $5300 more to the sum total.' The old-fashioned endtom of a wedding, followed by 2 dance and party at home, and a quict retiring to the home chamber, is out of dato. Tuebridal nightis now celobrated in a eleeping car, en route for Washington, Niagara, or Europe, asthe case may be, 2ad, for the bridal trip, s travelling dress of Cashmers is indispensablo, mado with postillion, overskirt, and demi-train, trimmed with silk of the same color, which costs £35, and there must 2lso be o morning wrapper of Cash- mere, involving » further outlay of €30. This wrapper is one of necessity. In addition to tlus, she must havo one in which she looks well. This must be mado of Nainsook, whatever that is, with Valenciennes lace and puffings, value $100. The bridal outfit for underclothing must consist of one dozen night-dresses, two dozen chomises, two dozen pairs of drawers, one dozen corset covers, on¢ dozen breskfast sacques, aad one dozon skirts, made in sets, the most elaborate of which will cost $250, the least £40. For comfort, the bridzl belle should have half a dozen embroidered flannel gkirts that will cost from 8 to 825 each. Add to theso items thoe shoes, hats, handkerchiefs, hosiery, fans, gloves, perfumeries, bair goods, end iho thousand and one other mysterious little absur~ dities which are necessary to the existence of some women, in the absence of any one of which they have absolutely nothing to wear, and wo have a bill of about $4,000, without estima- ing jowelry, which sum the journal before men- tioned claims is the cost of getting married in oaur extravagant cities. Assuming this for a ba~ sis, it argues that Some men remain single be- cause they aro afraid to shoulder such a burden. The argument, however, is & very weak one. If o man cannot assume such an expensive creature for his wife, let.him get something chesper. In the economy of society, unlike that of material things, it does not follow that the highest-priced articles ore the best. In the matrimonial market thore are less expensivo goods, which are made of better stuff, will wear Ionger, and do moro service, and are 1n every way more attractive than the higher priced and more perishable articles. There are plenty of bright, beautiful, sensible, excellent women, ready to marry, who would be content with a gilk dress, & calico wrapper, and a very small ontfit of articlos of bijonterie, and would look better when arreyed in their three-hundred- dollar bests than the butterflies in their gaudy threo-thousand-dollaroutfits. Theman, therefore, ‘who remains single because he is afraid to marry an expensive creature, displaya an inordinate vanity, and a want of appreciation which do not call for commiseration. He isa moral coward and next-door neighbor to afool. Because he canot get o butterfly, which, at best, may last but & single season, he refuses to tuke a robin which will sing all the year round. Ho should carry out his principles in daily life, to be consis- tent,—go cold in winter because he cannot afford ahundred-dollar overcoat, refuse to drink coffes ‘because he cannot get champagno, and it up all night because he cannot sleep apon swan's dosn. But even admitting that woman is au expen- sive Juxury in marriage, wherein is she more to blume than man, or wherein i she more expensivo ? The figures show that men a8 well as woman is a costly animal, and that the differonce is very small in the expense accounts, especially 1n that class which is accustomed to bewail the cost o marriage. Young Adolphus contemplating wed- lock is by no means an economical creators, and does not have to pay for Araminte’s ouifit either. Ho is not sstisfied without three or four suits which cost &t least $500, ashe pays his tailor not only for the material e weass, but for bis own folly and vanity, which add & large percentago to tho bill. He must have s differ- ant pair of panta for oyery day in the wesk.' His kids spoil in one wearing. He must have an assorted collection of neclkties, a cloan shirt twice a dey, and s change of undorlinen three times o week. Heisnot dreesed without diamond studs and sleeve-buttons, and diemond and seal rings for bis fingers. Now add to these his horses, his bouquets, his opera boxes, his entor- teinments, his club. bills, his card-table ven- turos, otc., and what becomes of the hue and ery he makes ovor the femalo expenses? “He belongs to the samo class with the five-doller swell in the box who could not afford to recog- nize his dollar friend in the orchesira. He will Dot use a good article beceuso it is cheap. Any cigar-dealer will tell you he keeps some cigars at fifty cents apiece, which are in reality no better then a fifteen or twenty cent cigar, for a certain clags who would deem it vulgar to smoke the lat- ter. There are fancy prices for almost every- thing to suit the vanities of fancy buyers. Ara- minte Iavishes her money to gratify one passion, and ono only,—the desire to make herself look 23 sttractive snd handsoms as possible. Adolphus squanders his to gratify all his pas- sions. Araminta's passion is comparatively a harmless one; that of Adolphus is ruinous. Adolphus will spend morein one year on his cigars, wines; suppers to conviviel com- panions, opers, horses, and gaming-table losses, not to mention his personal adornments, than Araminta canpossibly spend, with every advan- tage in her favorand a bottomless purso ather command. Where she has oncoutletfor money, ho has ten. p It is the rule thei marriageis moro econorical than single- lifo. Benedict saves more at the end of the year, invariably, than Bachelor. The average bechelor saves nothing in nino cases out of ten. Rich bachelors ero as rare s white blackbirds. Even allowing for the disproportion of numbers, the wealth of the country is created and owned by the married men, and not s emell part of the creation =and possession is owing to the eagacity and economy of the wife. A very significant statistical table might bo mede showing how ‘many of our wealthy men—that is, men of com- fortablo means—would never have been so bub for thoir wives. In the lower classes, the woman earns proportiorate wages with the man, and often does more than the men in supporting the family. In the upper clusses, the woman cuts off the sheer waste of money. If she does not, is only shows that two ependthrifts have got yoked togother, a1d, wherethe blind lead the blind, of cozse both go into tho ditch. It is time, thorefore, thaf this absurd huo ana cry, which is raised st reguler intervals, that men cannot marry because women are expen- give, weze siopped. There is nothing in tho facts to justify it; on the other band, it can bo ghovn that men is o moro expensive ni- mal than womaz, and thel if women under such circumstances consents to marry hiza, she confers upon him = favor, for which he can oniy make compensation by being as eco- romical a3 possible, 2nd thus give her an oppoz- tunity to malke herself attractive, and save her the mortification of being growled et becauso ghio is not attractive,—a laxwy in which evary man is more or lees liablo to infinlge. 1 as- arisen in the Egyptisn Museum. A clorgymeno? the Clitrels of England recently proposed to hove 2 onument of tho Grent Pyramid erected in proper chronologicel position at the head and beginning of the Gallery, =nd ono of the ancient casing stones, recenily discovered, which Lep- siug declares avo the oldest rchitectural monu- ments still existing above the faco of tho earth, wes offered. The Trustecs of the Gatlery, how- ever, acting upon the advics of the Egyptolo- gisis, nsecrted that there haa been nothing mow discovered £t the Pyramids, and rejected the proposition, leaving the impure statges of tho animal gods of o later and the moat idole- tious age of Egypt to havo the placo of honor. The war with the idols i8 attracting very general interest. Meanwhile, the clergy- man contents himself with the old prophecy ‘which Cambyses commencad to fulfil, that theso vile things, the seducers of nations, should ba brought low. An interesting mathematical fact is connected with this famous stome. The London Alhen@um saya thet tho length of its front foot is not the ‘“‘ordinary profane cubic of old Egypt, nor eny extraordinary profane ono either, nor anything whatever that tho modern Egyptologists of Europe have ever suspected ; but, within the limits of mensu- raiion error now unavoidsble, the nomber of just twenty-five Pyramid inches, neither less nor more. And twenty-five Pyramid inches have been shown to be the ten-millionth part of the length of the earth’s semi-nxis of rotation, as well as to have beon the length of the cubit of Noah, Moses, and Solomon; or, in the words of Moses to the Hebrews beforo Sinai, the cubit of the Lord their God." X —_—— California is nothing if not original. The additions which have been maedo to the lecture- field from that seciion of the country have usnally been of & unique description, but the latest contribution in this line is more remarke~ ble than the appearance of Minnie Myrtle Miller or Mrs. Lours Fair. One Harry Allen, Esq;, & roformed conviot, & gentleman who received s ticket-of-leave from Australia only to serve out a torm in the Californis State Prison, is Teported to have made his debut in the American ros- trum before & large and highly-intelligent audi- ence. The novelty of the occasion was consid- erably Beightoned by the zouave cab of Mr. Allen’s clothes, and that fashion of wearing the heir which i peculiar to prison life. Mr. Allen is & gentleman of large experience in his way, and knows whereof he speaks when he is on the subject of prison-life. His chief la- ‘ment was, that the San Quentin Penitentiary did not provide the convicts with candles, furnished the cat-o™-nine-tails instead of books, and de- prived the prisoners of clean shirts and kindred luxaries. Thereupon Mr. Allen announced that o hed writton an autobiography which he would bo glad to sell to the public generaily, and his sudience in " particular, at the best publisher's rates. If Mr. Allen’s lectures prove to be un- unprofitablo, and 2Ir. Allen’s biography fail to sell, it is not impossiblo that Mr. Allen will con- sider himself the victim of sociel ostracism, and return tohis profession of cracksman, fully justi- fied in his own mind that the prejudices of this unforgiving world are exclusively responsible for his mizdecds. e e o The Alla California protests very bitterly against General Howard's system of praying such Indians as Cachise and his murdering Apaches into pencefulncss. It appears that General Howard recently visited Cachiss, re- monstrated with hire upon the error of his ways, sttompted to convert him by prayer, and after doing eo left, spperently satisficd with his work. The efficacy of prayer in this instance, however, failed, for, no sooner hed the Goneral turned his back, thsn the expected convert returned to s murderous raids with redoubled energy, gnd swears that he will murdor overy whito man ke finds, bacause a little Mexican boy, whom the Indians had burned all over the body, escaped from Ca- chise’s camp whero he had been detsined as a prisoncr. We ero not disposed to throw any doubts upon the efficacy of prayer, but here is an instance where guapovder should bo essoci- ated with it to carry it home and make it effect- ive. Tho All very sptly eays: Yo would give ‘moro for the influénce of one month of General Crook, let loose zmong tle Apechcs, than for ton reximents like General Howard.” = e ey —————————————— IS LITERATURE ILL-PAID ? ¢ BY PROFESSOR WILLIAX MATHEWS, OF THE UNIVER- SITY OF OHICAGO. Yes! will be the prompt and indignent reply of nineteen out of twenty of tkose who, as Lamb says, suck their sustenance, liko sick peo- ple, through s quill ;—and they will bo astonish- ed that any one should ask the question. Did not Scott long ago say that literature docs well enoughas s staff, but not as a crutch,—asa dilettante pursuit, but not as & means of getting one's bread and -buiter? Have you forgotten tho fate of Chatterton, Otway, and Savage? —how the *impransus” Johnson struggled through ,his fifiy years of poverty ?—and what an amount of hack-work Goldsmith did to keep the wolf from his Qoor while he was producing those exquisite poems, es¢ays, and fictions, which, though they have made his | name immortal, could not keep him from dying ; £8,000 in debt? Have you never heard how | the spirifuelle Maginn lived and died, how | Hogg’s last moments were passed, and that he who sang the “Bong of the Shirt” with a pethos thet tnrilled all Europe, died with the 8ad plaint that, though his friends might be able “to urn s liveiy Hood™ efter his death, he could not do it while living? Is not Sheridan | Knowles' hand-to-hand gtruggle with want yeb fresh in the public memory, and do we not re- member the three Caudle Letters of Laman Blanchard, penned in his wife's dying honrs to keep the Sheriff from his house ? Again, if literatare is wall paid in this nine- teenth contury, why can it boast no profound, eencyolopsedio scholars, no great poets, like those of past ages ? We have swarms of essayistsand fouilletonists, magazine scribblers, Who manu- facture fiction by the hundred-weight, and more thoughtful writers who exhaust their. mental ‘wealth on reviews ; but where are our great epic and tragic poets? Where are our great linguists ? ‘Where is our Scaliger, our Jones, our Porson, or our Parr? Would the exquisite and myriad- volumed learning of the second Leep him, in these irom, utilitarian times, from starvation; or would his command of all the treasures of Greek lore insure to the third any : place or station commensurate with his merits? Have we mot seen the greatest scholars of the age starving in England in miserable curacics, andin other countries in miserable professor- ships, whils Iswyers of less ability have clad themselves ‘“‘in purple and fine linen,” ridden in coaches drawn by long-tailed, silky-coated steeds, and fared sumptuously every day? In roplying to these questions, and affirming that literatare, on the whole, is well paid, wo .ghall lezve out of consideration the .omatenre who ‘‘write for glory, end print for fun,” and speak only of the toil- ers, thoso who devote themselves to literature as a regular calling, a mexns of subsistence and of gelf-advancement. We maintain that Pater- noster Row is not a misnomer, for which, on sccount of its stepmotherly heartlessness, No- cerca Row might be optly substituted; that, whatever provecation Campbell might have had for saying that he forgave Napoleon his crimes because he once shot a bookseller, it is not trae that publishers drink their sherry out of ou- thors’ skulls; that litersture, far from being necesserily associated with vexation and penury, is, when pursued steadfastly and conscientious- Iy, o8 sure a means of eapport and of advanco- ‘ment as law, medicine, or trade. In considering tho profitableness of tho Lite- rary calling, it should be remembered that thore is hardly sny other which requires so little capi- tal for its pursuit. The lawyer must have an office, and, at least, an apology for » library, to say nothing of farniture, signs, and edvertise- ments. The physician must have all these, and, in addition, & horse and carrisge, besides being well dressed, for nobody will trust in his skill till, by an air of prosperity, he indicates that he ia trusted Ly others. Even the artist must have bis studio, and & steady supply of canvas and peint. But all the capital the writer needsis a fow quires of paper, a steel pen, and five cents’ worth of inlk. If ho lives in & city, the public libraries will furnieh him with books; he may travel in horse-cars, live in the fourth storyof & cheap boarding-house, and drees, if he pleases, liko = scare-crow, yet, if he have real ability, meet with brillient success. But, setting aside these compensations, let us see whether literary labor during the last two or three hundred years has been well requited, To begin with the «Father of English Poetry,” Dan Obaucer, though his last days were clouded by embarrass- ment, yet during most of his 1ife he held profi- table offices, and was even employed in diplo- matic negotiations. Bhakspeare we do nob cite 2s a proof of our position, because, though ‘born a wool-stapler’s son, he retired with a large fortune. Henever published his works, except on. the stage, and made all his money by acting and shrewd investments. Spenser received from Queen Elizabeth & grant of 8,000 acres of land in Treland,—which, it is true, was very much like giving him a domain in Florids iohabited by rattlesnakes and prowling Indians; but, then, he also received a pension of £50, equal to £300 or more now, for burning incense to the “Maiden Queen,” .and transforming by the ‘magic of genius her red wig into “yellow locks, erisped like golden wire;” and though he was driven by Tyrone's Rebellion to @ie in sorrow and distress in London, yet he provoked his fate_ by his injustice to & proud and savage people 28 Clerk of the Council-and Sheriff of Cork, and by his recommendation of coercive mensures against them in his “View of the State of Ireland.” How much money ‘“‘rare Ben Jonson” received, we do not know ; but it is probuble that only his continuel gnzzling of canary wine and other intemperate habits kept ‘him from becoming rich. - Inthenext contury we find Milton recéiving but £18 for his grand epic; but we must remem- ber that he held an_important State office, end enjoyed a degree of consideration not estimablo in money. Moreover, ho was eminently unprac- tical, and bad s boundless .scorn for thoze “gdrossy spirits” that are forever seeking to turn apenny,—that ““need the lure and whistle of exrthly preferment, like those animals that fetch and carry for amorsel.” Dryden, who received £1,200 for his translation of Virgil, and who, a poet-laureate and stockholder in s thestre, had & fived income of £1,000 & yesr, was not ill-paid. ‘With abrain of such fecundity that he could dash off the ¢ Ode on 8. Cecilia’s Day ” at a single jet, he must-have won riches 2s well as honors ‘bt for the shrew who called him husband. The ‘hunched-backed, spider-legged dswarf of Twick- fine clothes, and, above all, his propensity fox gambling. Coming to the nineteenth century, wo fing Bir Walter Scott, who, £8 s barrister, would probably never have been heard of outside of« Beotland, earning & world-wide fame, fabulons £ums of money, and » title, 3s on anthor. Hsd ho trusted to litarsture only, instead of dreading its precariousnesa, and becoming a publisher, he¢ might have died worth a hundred thousang- pounds, and realized his life-long dream of & Ianded ard titled family. Again, look at Words- worth and Southey. The former was never rich, but some admirer of his genius, or ofice-holder became always conveniently defunct at every crisis in his finances, leaving him money or &' place, and he lived sn eminently dignified znd happy life. Tho latter, a man of second-rate genius, but of colossal industry, won comfort, if not affluencs, by his pen, and when disposed to grumble at his enforced drudgery st literary ephemera, uged to exclaim: ‘‘Pationce!—it is,: after all; better than pleading in s stink- ing court of™1aw, or being cslled up at midnight to =a patient. It is bet- tor than being & soldier or & sailor, better than calculating profit and loss on. a counter—Dbetter, in short, than anything but independence.” Would Campbell, %io spoke so. spitefully of-publishers, have lived In the same style, moved in the sume circles, and been pet- ted 28 he was, had he been & poor teacher on preacher? Yet to one of the latter callinga he seemed destined when, & poor, friendless youth at a Scottish University, he had not yet by hia first poem won friends and fame. Jeffrey, mainly throngh his literary celebrity, became rich and a Judge. ,The author of Lalls Rookh got & large income from his writings, bezides & pension of £300; Byron received princely sums from Mr. Murray, coinicg even his mise anthropy and “*blue devils” into guinoes; and it Coleridge was always steeped in poverty, it wes because ho was morally as well as physically out at the elbows, and so wayward and capri- cious, so utterly untrastworthy, thet he could never have kept his head zbove water in any calling. Has any profeesion “paid” better than the Litezxs:, o things considered. during the lask fifty yeara? Look at the large sums which Macaulsy received, besides & caveted titlo anda seat in Parliament! Think of tho enormoua receipts and the world-wide fame of Dickens, originally s poor and obscure newspsper re- porter! Thinkot the fortune sequired by Fen-. nimore Cooper. Congider the price paid to Tennyson for o eingle poem, or to Disraeli for & siggle novel—the large esmings of Miss Evans, of Lewes, Trollope, Dumas, Miss Braddon, Froude, 2nd a host of other authors in England, whom we have no§ space to nams! Think, too, of the generona sums peid ip our own country to Irving, Cooper, Mrs. Stowe, Motley, Prescott, Emerson, Long< fellow, and hundreds of minor literary magnatez, many of whom have swelled their income by lectures, not a few of whom bave baen Ambas« eadors, Consnls, ete., ete., and all of whom hava held a position in society which no amount of mere wealth would have secured to them! In viow of these facts, i3 it just to whine about tha beggarly rewards of litersture, and the doom of indigence and starvation which are 5o often said to hang over those who give themselves to per ond ink? Will it be said that the examples of literory guccess, which we have cited, sra brillisnt exceptions, and that we have omitted ell mention of the innumerable scribblers wha heve stranded on the sands of popular neglect 2 Well, if the'cases cited aro excoptions, they ara pretty numerous—elmost numerous enough ta nullify the supposed rule. Bat we have spux out too long an article already, aud must rerly t0 objections and explain why so many litorary men are alwaya fighting the wolf, in acothey paper. ‘We have now an incidental justification of Pontius Pilate’s conduct in consenting to the crucifivion of the Savior. It comes from & writex who i8 reviewing, in the Pall iall Gazelle, Mr. Mill’s essay “On Liberty,” in which 3Mr. Mill re- fneed to admit any estenuation for the Emperor arcus Aurelins in his persecution of the Chris- tians. In opposing this ground, the writertakes up the more decided case of Pontius Pilate, sod maintains that it was his daty, as & Msgistrato of an important province s1aong & people fnati= eally inclined, to preserve peace throughout tha country. He was s relative of the Romsn Em- peror, s Minister of the Roman Empire, and placed in his position for the purpose of sdvance ing Roman ideas and power; he counld not in justice, therefore, argucs the writer, closa his ©eyes to the danger of revolutign threatened by the teachings of Christ. It is probable that the writer in the Pall Mall Gazette will not only at- traot the opposition of Mr. Mill in this matter, bat of Christendom generally, to whom s Justifis cation of Pontiug Pilate’s sentence is a moat startling proposition. —————— The infinence of the Munich Catholics of the Doellinger echool has extended to Switzerland, +where it has been the more fally developed by tho strong-headed opposition of certain church prelates, There have been efforts in former times among tho people of Syitzerland to effect o total separation of Church and State. - Though defeated in this object, the people secured & free exercise of their faith. Some of the Geneva priests endesvored to curtail this freedom, snd the result was a victory for the Radicalsin the Iato election. In 2ddition to this victory, an association of the peopla has been formed, nndex the name of the Swiss Bociety of Liberal Catho~ lics. Their efforts will be directed to the with= drawal of children from the influence of ultra~ montane schools; tho estsblishment of 014 Catholic” communities ; securing scientific edus cation for Catholic theological students: provid- ing lectures for the advance of liberalism; a generel opposition to the dactrine of infallis bility; and & direct communication with the ZLiberal associations of Munich Catholics. s Sy Tt it pleasant to flud a paper on some of the Bocial characteristics of American life in an English magazine that does not entirely mise represent or misconstrne the customs of thix conntry. Such a paper is presented in the last number of the Cornhill Magazine, in which tha writer views the independence of American Iadies, st which our English consins profess so 'much horror, in a manner that does not conceal its advantages. The freedom of American girle to walk the streets alone, to have gentlemen friends, to correspond With them or ride with ‘enbam, who would have starved in almost any other cslling, gob £8,000—sn almost fabulons sum in those times—for his trapslation of the Tliad only. Switt attained to ecclesiastical pre- Terment, and might have had tho object of his heort's desire, & Bishopric, had he not shocked Archibishop Sharp by his profanity and in- “decency, and learned furens quid femina possit by lempooning the Duchess of Somerset, Addi- son rose to be Sccretary of State, and Prior, from & pot-house boy, became like our Irving, Motley,. Cushing, £nd Bancroft, an ambassador. Johnson, it is true, bad = long, up-hill fight _against adversity ; but ho conquered succees at last, and his position, when he had scaled the literary Alps, end could scornfully reject the tardily proffered nid of Ohesterfield,—not to spesk of a later period when he was the seven- tailed baghaw of the literary realm,—was an cu- ~visble one. Hume, from sbsolute obscurity, raised himself by his writings to considersble wwoalth, and to high offices which brought him more,—=0 that he died with en income of 2 thousand a year, and leaving an estate of fifteen thoussnd pounds. Goldsmith waa alwsys in hot wator, and died three thousand pounds in debt; but ho reseived largo, and even splendid sums for his writiaga ; his society was courted by the most brillisnt wits, artists, statesmen, and men-of-letters; and | even when wasting his exquisite geniusassa Lit- erary hacl, he might have won an in@ependence but for his extreme improvidence, his almost -*23ish renarosity, his paasion for nlsasure 3ad thom, he does not consider to be utterly out« rageons. On the other hand, he conceives that it has ita good results. Among them he citess brightar intellectuality of the American ladiess o frankness which renders the dangers of con- cealment less threatening; fower disappointe mentsin love affaira; better acquaintance of those who engage themselves to mary; 2nd, 28 & rule, happier married life. —————— The rumor that Mayor Hall wonld anticipate the appointments which would naturally fall to Ir. Havemoyer, the Mayor-elect of New York City, is partially confirmed by his 2ppointing - Ar, Dolafield Smith as Corporation Counsel. This looks verymuch as though Mayor Hell was worling in the intorests of the Custor: Housa Ring, which seems to be the logitimato successox of the old Tammany in New York. The ime pression geins greater credence, because Mr. Hazvemeyer has distinctly declared that he bes Loves himself to kave been elected by the paoe plo, and that he will confer appointments accords jng to merit, end entirely irrespective of party polities. A regular blackmailing association has been giscovered in Rome, with tho object of prying into the scandals of high life end extorting hush taomey. Tho associstion hed sn organ, of course, which bore the sprightly title of tha Litile Devil's Gazelte. The editor was publicly whipped two or three times and then arrested. Tt was his arrest that led to the disclesures coma cerning the combivation that existed,