Casper Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 29, 1924, Page 10

ef RO<T' alse HEeE Cae” a eo Baw ort a u 1 amet Human Bones Among Fossils of Animals Long Extinct T* sensational discoveries of human bones ard implements in association with Prehistoric fossils at east coast of chapter to our knowledge ofthe life of mankind upon the western hemis- phere. Human engravings on a tusk of the extinct American mammoth have been discovered in association with fossil human boncz, Lived With Strange Beasts, The man whose bones have been found in Florida represents a type of prehistoric man, in the opinion of the notable authorities here quoted, that existed in America during the life of strange beasts now long extinct. Without allowing®urselves too great lberty, we can infer they fought the cruel sabre-toothed tiger, and drove their filnt-tipped spears into the tough hides of the camel and wild horse. No doubt they make some use of the hides, for their fish bone tm- plements suggest the plercing of leather. Again, while on their hunt- ing expeditions, they may have been Dursued by packs of huge long-head- ed wolves whose skulls have been found with the bones of men. Per- haps they dug pitfalls for the big Elephas Columbia, which was some- where about the size of an elephant of the present day. known Vero, on the Dr. Oliver P. Hay, associate in re-* Florida, add a new” At the left are the left same bone anterior. At proscidian lower tusk of upon it. Below at the right isa moth with human’ engravings photograph of the teeth of a the human bones at Vero, tibia of a-man, the right ulna, and the the right above are two views of the & mammoth with human engravings photograph of the teeth of a mam- upon it. Below at the right is a mammoth found in association with ee Search of the Carnegie Institute of Washington, D. C., has expressed an opinion that the deposits at Vero are not only of pleistocene age but of early or middle Pleistocere. He is also convinced, after having exam- ined the locality and collected fos- sils from it, that the human remains are as old as the deposits in which they are found. He n-esents eyi- dences that men possessing a culture much like that of modern Indians ex- isted in America at least as far back as the Sangamon Interglacial stage. HE most comprehensive biog- raphy of Grover Cleveland is contained in the two volumes by Professor Robert McElroy of Princeton University recently pub- lished by Harper Brothers. Profes- sor McElroy has had access to many hitherto closed documents and rec- ords, and has interviewed many close friends of the subject- One of the storics of Cleveland boyhood, left to us by Alyah Woodworth, once pro- prietor of an iron foundry at Man- Mus, New York, concerns a certain Fourth of Juty, Grover Cleveland and the Bang boys, and a little wagon- load of old iron they had gathered. Here is the story in Mr. Wood- worth’s own words, “Puffing and perspiring,” he says, “they toiled along one boy between the shafts pulling and the other two back of the wagon pushing. When they had arrived opposite the village foundry, they halted: One of the boys —he was the youngest and shortest of the trio—then made it known that they desired to exchange their load of old fron in return for a small cannon, which the proprietor wus to make for them in time to use in their Fourth of July celebration. “The foundryman weighed up the iron and found that there was not a sufficient quantity to pay for the job. This rather staggered the boys for a moment, but their spokesman (Gro- ver Cleveland), wha seemed to be a lad of resources, soon found a way (Fleanings~ The Sangamon Interglactal stage, ac- cording to the American Museum of Natural History, began 150,000 years ago, lasted 100,000 years, and ended 50,000 years ago, Fossil remains of extinct mammals and birds were first discovered along the excavated sides of the large St. Lucie Caaal, used by Isaac M. Weills to drain the Everglades, in 1913. It is due to Mr. Wellls that attention was called to the deposits which has re- sulted in the later stupendous dis- coveries, The most valuable discoveries huve been brought to light in the excava- tion along the south bank of the St. Lucie Canal, The ground blasted out here consists of about two feet of top sandy goil mixed with some shells. Beneath this is a stratum of fresh marl so well indurated as to form solid hard rock. At the point } beneath which the human remains were found this rock is eighteen inches in thickness. It shows distinct, unbroken and uninterrupted lines of Stratification, Then comes a_ soft sand stained brown by organ! mat- ter and about two feet in depth. It was in this brown sand beneath the vault of the marl that human (Coverssy Punsorcemta Recom.> bones were found, together with hu- man implements of filnt and fish bone, and tusks and teeth of tapirs, mammoths and other creatures, They lay four feet beneath / the surface. Underlying the brown sand ts the final stratum, the sea bed that un- derlies most of Central Florida. It is @ marine shell marl so hard that it Intimate Glimpses of a Former President out of the difficulty. His Proposition was that the foundryman should go ahead and make the cannon, and aft- er the arduous work of the Fourth was disposed of he and his fellow- patriots would drag up another load of iron to square up accounts. The Proprietor of the foundry looked the boys over keenly and decided he could trust them. So-the cannon was made and used and, true to their word, the boys delivered to the foundryman a second load of old iron as payment for the bala-ce they owed. him.” That this was done promptly we can infer from Grover's appreciation of the value of time, as shown by an essay which he wrote at the age of 9, while a pupil at Fayette Academy in 1846. Time. Time is divided into seconds, min- ey Recently Published Biography of Cleveland Brings to Light Many Grover New Facts utes, hours, days, weeks, months, years and centuries. If we expect to become great and 90d men and be respected and esteemed by our friends we must improve our time When we are young. George Wash- ington improved his time when he was a boy and he was not sorry when he was at thé head of . large army fighting for his country. A great many of our great men were poor and had small means of obtaining an ed- ucation, but by improving their time when they were young and in school they obtained their high standing. Jackson was a poor boy, but he was placed in school and by improving his time he found himself a Presi- Share thy crust and ask no dole; Offer the cup thou wouldst never drain; dent of'the United States, guiding and directing a powerful ration. If we Wish to become great and useful in the world we must improve our time in school. 8. G. CLEVELAND. Eefused to Write Autobiography. When asked why he did not use his letsure in the preparation of an au- tobiography, Mr, Cleveland answered: “There Is no reason for my. writing my autobiography. and public career are public prop- erty. There is nothing to say about them. What I did is done and his- tory must judge of {ts value, not I. My private life is so commonplace that there is nothing to write about.” This idea he emphasized more strong- ly one evening when Dean West in- terrupted a shot at billiards to urge “at least a brief dictated personal memorandum.” “I tell you, I won't do it,” replied Mr. Cleveland, “and I'll tell you why. The moment I be- gin, the newspapers would cry: “There goes-the old fool again.’” A few days after his election to the Presidency, while walking with an in- timate friend on the outskirts of Buf- falo, Mr. Cleveland exclaimed: “Henceforth I must have friends!” From that momenf, in his appar- ently simple perspnality, men discoy- ered two personalities—the one, as of old, genial and approachable, with @ capacity for delightful intimacies; the other, an official self austere, forbidding. : He loved his friends, but when conscious of an attempt to capitalize friendship, to gain execut!ve favors by virtue of personal connections with the President of the United States, he became cold and unap- proachable. . His Office Habits, The President at first had no sten- ographer, anda single telephone an- swered the calls of the entire White House establishment. At the end of ths regular hours of business, when the clerks and attendants had retired, its imperious summons was often answered by the President himself, if William, the steward and general domestic head of the establishment, happened to be out of earshot. These two shared the distinction of being the members of the establish- ment who kept no hours. According to Mr. Cleveland's philosophy, all of the President's time belongs to the public, without reservation. Once, when a very young bride and groom were the only guests at the White House, the President, having noticed a worn and shabby dress suit laid out ready for him to put on, in- quired of William why he had not se- lected a better one. William’s laconic reply was: “It.{s plenty good enough for the occasion.” no Loseth all My official acts~ed: And the President, without further , Protest, put it on and went down to dinner. Such encounters were by no means infrequent, but the President had long ago committed himself to po- litical doctrine of division of powers, end he felt that, after all, William was within his right. Upon one sultry spring evening, the President sud- denly became aware of tho fact that he was wearing a very heavy Winter coat which his factotum had hung on the rack for him. As he mopped his brow, he remark- “He is the most economical man I have ever known. He is bound I shall get a few more wears out of this coat before the hot weather comes.” _ Simple Fare, The luxurious dinners prepared by the White House chef were usually accepted by the President—though he sometimes rebelled and insisted upon simpler fare, Wine was never sery- ed unless guests were at the table. “What do you suppose I did the other day?” he once asked an intimate friend who was visiting the White House, “We sat down to a very de- licious dinner, although it did not ap- peal to me. All at once, through an open window, there came an old and familiar odor. I said, ‘William, what is that smell?’ ‘I am very sorry, sir,’ he replied, ‘but that is the smell of the servants’ dinner.’ ‘What fs it— corned beef and cabbage? Well, Wil- liam, take this dinner down to the servants and bring thelr dinner to me,’ I said. And I had the best din- ner I had had for months.” Within two weeks after his. arrival at the White House Mr. Cleveland had received several hundred appli- cations for positions, including the fslowing: President Cleveland— It is very dull out here. There is nothing to enliven things except the Possibility of belng impaled alive by a live Indian and I don’t want to be impaled. \ I ain't got any money to Day rail- road fare and I want to get out of this. I thought if you could give me an office, I then could get a pass. I voted the Republican ticket last Fall, but if you think there will bo any chance of your being elected an- other term I will vote for you, that is if I get an office. What the President saw in the Senate is indicated by a story went the rounds, doubtless invention, but fairly representing his opinion. One night Mr. Cleveland was roused froma heavy sleep by his wife, who whispered: “Wake up, Mr. Cleveland, wake up, there are robbers in the house,” “Oh, no, my dear,” replied the Pres- ident, turning heavily, “1 think you are mistaken. There are no robbers in the House but there are lots in the Senate.” Only he who saveth his soul that he fain would gain. which7s: has to be blasted with dynamite to excavate the drainage canals. It is composed entirely of deposits of the sea, there being no relics of land animals in it. This rock, called coquina rock in Florida, is quarried like granite and used in construction. On the surface of this stratum, Mr. Wellls obtained, in 1916, a single hu- man toe bone, mineralized, among the shelis imbedded on the surface of the marine marl. Of stupendous interest and perhaps of greatest importance of all discov- erfes to the layman, at least, are the human engravings on a proscidian tusk of characteristic structure, The tusk is probably a lower tusk of Mammut Americana. It was taken from the base of the sand shell stratum which lies beneath indurated shell rock. It was disclosed by a cut made for the north bank of the St. Lucie Canal, 370 feet. west of the bridge. The fragments of bird bones also showing human markings were found in the same locality. A Prehistoric Tally. The engraving on the mammoth tusk are of interest as indicating, in Some small way, the degree of cul- ture attained by these men of the Pleistocene age. They probably had acquired the custom of engraving on bone, this conclusion being support- ed by the presence of small flints ob- tained by screening ¢he deposit. They may have served as tools for this purpose. The almost geometrical regularity of the crosses, the even distances be- tween them, the fact that they occur in rows, and the sharpness and reg- larity with which the V is cut in each case, suggest that the markings on the tusk may have been tallies to de- note the lapse of time or the number of enemies slain or something simi- lar, A small crude design suggests a human figure. As a whole the workmanship is not nearly as ad- vanced as the drawings found on mammoth tusks in the caves of France, Among other startling excavations at Vero are the following: Teeth and tusk of the smiiodon, or sabre-toothed tiger; the skuli of an enormous extinct wolf, almost 13 inches long; fossils of plants found in unbroken strata about two feet above the human bones; a few com- Pleta teeth and limb bones of the Columbian elephant (which existed in the Sangamon Interglacial period to which the relics are assigned by Dr. Hay) and many other broken parts. The pldies of the teeth, how- ever, resemble those of the Imperial elephant, Bones of the American mastodon; three species of the horse including smali teeth and foot bones indentified provisionally as repre- senting the small horse, equus littor- alis; large and smal! extinct box tor- tofses and turtles; extinct bison; ex- tinct tapir, probably tapirus haysil. Chemical analysis of the relics re- vealing similar constituents of mam- mal and human bones and the further investigations have strengthened the opinion of the investigating scientists that the discoveries are direct evi- dence of human life during the Pleistocene age. In fact, the deposit at Vero will tand not only for its wide evidence of extinct mammalian life, but also is Promised a place in history as the burial spot of the most ancient known Americans, ee The so-called “great white shark” of the tropical seas is the most dreaded of all sharks, It is the man- eater par excellence, and specimens 40 feet long have been taken. In Dearl-fishing waters the divers fear it as the most dangerous of encmies. —Louise Manning Hodgkins