The Butler Weekly Times Newspaper, January 1, 1914, Page 6

Seeds for FE iin Woodlot Sufficient Stock Can Be Easily Procured at Home for Cordwood and Fence Post Crop. By E. C. Pegg, Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia yrapid method of hulling walnuts is to ‘run them through a cern sheller while green aud pick them from the hull. The pods of the Kentucky coffee bean and black tocust, balls of the sycamore, the fruit of the hackberry, cherry, ashes, etc., can most readily be secured by picking them from the tree. Seeds of black locust and ca- talpa. can be most readily separated from the pods by hand shelling. Oth- ers, such as mulberry, osage orange, honey locust and Kentucky coffee bean, are easily separated if the fruits are first macerated in water. They then should be put. out in thin layers and dried slowly. Seeds of nearly all species are bet- ter for a little careful drying after they are collected. This -process re- moves all superficial moisture and prevents early germination and moulding. Whole crops-of acorns are lost because they have not been prop- erly dried within a very few days aft- er gathering. Drying may be done by spreading the seeds in thin layers in ja cold, dry place and stirring tro. { 5 _ Seeds for fence posts? Or for cord- wood?’ Or what? Those questions the timber farmer must answer before . he begins to collect seed for the wood- 2 * lot. In gencral, the kind of trees to be found in a farm woodlot are those which occur naturally in the particu- lar section of the country, provided they will furnish materia! suitable for ” farm needs. If they will not, then wet trees which will. The hardy ca- talpa, black locust, osage orange, black walnut and Kentucky coffee bean make excellent fence posts. These trecs grow rapidly. Many of the oaks are suitable for lumber and cordwood, but are more slow growing. Each timber grower can think up for himself a long list of good trees which will give just the class of product de- sired and will furnish it within a rea- sonable length of time, Having determined the species to be used, the next step is to secure seed. Sufficient stock can easily be zrown at home, and much cheaper than it can be purchased. Three and three-quarter bushels white oak acorns collected by three men in two hours, ey Seed collecting should begin when- | quently. Nut fruits should be treated “lripens. The time varies; With carbon bisulphide to preyeut rent species and different | 4@mage by weevils. = | individuals of the same species, Fur. | The vitality of seeds depends large- | thermore. gootl, vigorous, well-formed | !¥ "pon the care given to their winter orns and nuts, should be “strati- od.” Stratifying is done ag follows: Put about two inches, of moist sand iruit in the spring. The seeds are very shori-lived and have to be plant: | ed g They may be collected | . or them on sheets or blan-| 1% the bottom of a*box, then a layer ts or by sweeping them up from the | Of Seeds not’ to exceed ‘three inches in Fifteen Bushels Seed and Cowpeas pay. . Farmers of Missouri grown the cowpea as extensively as its vdlue warrants. This has been probably due to the fact that the seed was quite expensive, because of pu- merous failures in the past in géiting a good stand when sown before the ground had sufficiently warmed, be- cause of careless handling at harvest time and, lastly, because the crop was not sown at the proper time in the rotation. ‘ Since all of these problems can now ; be avoided by proper management, there is nothing: to prevent the pro- gressive farmer from trying a crop of | Food Value ‘Great as Well as Benefits to Soil--- Two Tons Hay to Acre. sceding_ should be less than where have not | grown for hay or forage. The plant- ing can be ‘done either with a corn planter or with an ordinary grain drill, depending-apon whether it {s desired. to cultivate the crop or not. About 90 days are required to mature} seed under average conditions, so one can easily figure the possibility of having the peas come between two sinall grain crops. For Missouri conditions it is always|. best to use the earlier maturing va- rieties and those of medium to small size seed. The varieties usually rec- ommended are the New Era, Whip- poorwill or Clay. These also do well ‘EARN 1ED SURPLUS BANK bbs To Our Many Patrons and Friends The Farmers Bank of Bates Coun- ty wishes its patrons and friends a Prosperous New Year. We have appreciated the substan- tial and growing patronage given this institution by the people of Bates serine? preferably open-grown, should | Storage, Fruits whieh remain on the| © ¢ : Another important ‘con- lent hay. Experiments at the agri- BORE EIRALatC te Ana the ees ,, tree over winter may’ be ploced in sideration in using this crop to build|cultural experiment station at -the teats such as the elms, soft ma-| P#Per bags and hung in a cool, dry a eee pepe water at RE ‘s| University of Missouri show that 15 aleeterivene inehi eke e matarent place. Those which fall, such as| the fact that it will do the work -of| logs can be turned on an acre of cow- cowpeas, a rival to alfalfa in food | when planted with corn at planting value.” The cowpea is a legume which | time or at last cultivation, to be later receives a large part of its nitrogen: |} hogged off when the pods are begin- ous food from air, ning ‘to ripe Leguminous plants as a rule have} For seed the crop should be cut a tendency to be injured by so-called | when most of the pods are ripe, and if “soil acidity,” but the hardiness of | hay only is desired the cutting should the cowpea plant makes it less sensi. | be done when the pods are a little on tive than other legumes to such a| the green side. The most practical conditton, thus giving it a wider soil | way of curing is from the swath to adaptation. It shades the Jand by its | the shock and from there directly to rank growth, conserving moisture and | the thresher and combined. shredder As a green manure crop preventing the direct beat of rain | and baler, ! An economical way of harvesting the cowpea crop. the peas may be turned under at any | time, providing it is done soon enough ito properly prepare the seedbed for the following crop, It is not uncommon to secure as | high as 15 bushels of cowpea seed an acre and 'two tons or more of excel- upon the soil, These factors have a pronounced good effect upon the soil structure which can be noted in the crops which follow, The plant is also ve! sistant, and if once fair growth, regard] conditiéns. drought re- ted makes a of weather clover in one-fifth the time. Again, in that it can very casily be worked into the rotation cither* as a catch, peas planted with the corn at plant- ing time and make a profit of from $10 to $13 an acre from the forage at companion or single crops, its popu-|a time when bluegrass is short. No larity should increase. farmer should fail t6 give this soil- county and in return we aim to ren- , der service which will afford perfect satisfaction. W. F. DUVALL, President. O. A. HEINLEIN, Vice-President. HOMER DUVALL, Cashier. H. H. LISLE, Ass’s Cashier. Surplus Fund $45,000.00 Ur A I ee ee DUVALL-PERGIVAL TRUST CO. _ CAPITAL and SURPLUS, $100,000 FARMERS BANK BUILDING, BUTLER, MO. | | Farm Loans Abstratts ‘We hiave a complete set of Abstract Books and will fur- nish abstracts. to any real estate in Bates county and | examine and perfect titles to same. Investments We will loan your idle money for you, securing you reasonable interest on good security. We pay interest on time deposits. We have money to loan on real estate at a low rate of interest with privilege to pay at any time. W. F. DUVALL, President, Arthur Duvall, Treasurer. J. B. DUVALL, Vice-President, W. D. Yates, Title Examiner. ————————————, | PROFESSIONAL CARDS r ms Of the more iim, ¢epth—then another—tiyer—ot_sand. timber trees mature their | The:boxes should then be buried in fruit in the fall, and, with the excep. | the ground, tien of the aspens and cottonwoods, Another method is to dig/a pit in may be preserved over winter, the ground, about 18 inches deep, and The acorns of the oaks, nuts of the cover the bottom to a depth of three hickories and walnuts can easily be) inches with coarse sand or gravel, shaken, from the trees after two or|then put in a layer of nuts, cover with three hard frasts and picked tp from | leaves or straw and heap a mound of the ground. Acorns germinate rap-| dirt on the top to shed water, It is idly if they fall among leaves where | absolutely essential that the drainage it is moist. They should be collected be good, { | < Sy J. C. Whitten, Professor of Horti culture, University of Mis- souri, at ouce, The cups and husks shoul. | Seed should remain ‘in storage un- be removed. The easiest and most til time for planting in the spring. — | RNAP LLLP NOD DAL G As ‘i ‘hay is composed of species that do MULCH FOR STRAWBERRIES not produce seed freely, and its merit i | lies chiefly in the fact that it is rea -_- ;sonably free from foul seed. Fre- USE. OF WHEAT STRAW PRE. | quently the inquiry is made if tim, | VENTS “HEAVING.” | othy, clover, red top-or ordinary hay ;made from domestic grasses, if, ; Spoiled in curing. may be used for ; Strawberry. mulching. It is not ad- | , visable to use such hay, for the rea- Amante Cink The ground begins | 8° that timothy seed, clover seed or red top seed may be abundant and are among the worst seeds that could | be got into a strawberry field. 1© freeze the strawberry plants should be mulched for winter. cc WIQSUURI i Diseases of Women and Children a Specialty PACIFIC It is found that*when a man watch- en ernie es all these corners he has: First, }around; second, an income from the REGULAR EMPLOYMENT OF. MEN | by-products of the farm that he has AND HORSES, SAVES MONEY. = not- enjoyed before; third, all tools aires ‘fences and buildings in good-shape so By 0. R. Johnson, Assistant Professor |ihat they will not need care during of Farm Management, Uni- ‘the summer; fourth, a more satisfac: versity of Missouri, |tory and to depend on during the ‘ whole year. Now that the busy work of the crop These results have been obtained season is over, farmers are facing the, by different farmers in this state. problem of how to keep men and) Every farmer has not accomplished horses employed during the winter {all of them, but pleasing results are BUTLER MISSOURI Office Phone 20 House Phone 10 DR. J.T. HULL Dentist at Entrance same that leads to Stew- ard’s Studio. North side square Butler, Missouri ‘DR. H. M. CANNON ‘DENTIST Butler, Missouri East Side ofthe Square IRON MOUNTA! ™~— Missouri Pacific Time Table BUTLER STATION CORRECTED OCT. 19, 1913 NORTH. men work an average of about 10 or 11 hours:a, day. takes into account every work day in This calculation |+ The slogan for the farmer should be from now on: “No idle days for men or horses.” 5 . C, Joplin. Mi sestecs 8:30 8. m, . months. The necessity of providing | coming from many directions. The nel ge ease IPA CM RNAiCa Fides nm, a Phone No. 312 winter work for men and horses will | use of a memorandum book and the | No, 292 Local Freight, does not car- nets be more apparent when a few facts | making of a list of rainy days or odd ry passengers. seul L300 &. mm, 8 which have been gathered during the | jobs which-can be done at any time Ae eRe ieee, ee T. c. BOULWARE | last few years are looked at. It has|has been found to be a great help. ae 988-Stock easeen, does tot sare ie Physician & Surgeon... 5 been found by actual figures kept on ,One man has been able to have ‘iis “vy passengers. .......... 9:45 p.m.! Office North Side Square, Butler, real farms that the:farm horse works | year’s work done for 3 cents an hour : ‘Mo. Diseases. of women and chil- on the average about three and one-/ jess than before he followed his TRAINS WEST AND SOUTH. dren a specialty, half hours a day for the year and the | method. No. 201 8t. Louis-Joplin Mail& Ex 3:00a.m. i No, 200 St. Lonts Limited...... 6:40 8. m. No. 291 Local Freight, does not car- * FY passengers... A: No, 207 K. 0, & Joplin 1:10 p.m. B, F. JETER, *. their growth has been checked by se- Strawberries need mulching to’ pre- vent frost from “heaving” the plants out of the ground, loosening and rais- ing the roots by the lifting action of the frost in the soil; to prevent al-| ternate freezing and thawilig when Warm, sunny days of winter are suc- ceeded by cold nights; to keep down weed growth between the plants in ng; to hold the moisture in the ring, since the strawberry needs an abuadance of moisture at the time of ripening; ‘to keep the berries clean by keeping them from direct contact with the ground and from being spat- tered by mud during spring rains; to Keep the soil cool and prolong the bearing period of the fruit in case prematurely hot spring weather comes on. The best time to apply the mulch is when the ground first begins to freeze in the early winter. It should not be applied much before this time, as the plants grow until they begin . freezing and are likely to be smoth- ered if covered by the mulch before vere frosts. It is well to put the mulch on as soon as: possible after For small home gardens, the leaves raked from under shade trees are sometimes employed as mulch, They are not the best ntulch, for the rea- son that most species of leaves lie too flat on the ground and are likely to smother the plants during the win- ter or in the spring. Such leaves may be used freely between the rows of Plants and there make an efficient mulch. They should not be spread at all thickly, however, directly over the rows of plants themselves, on account of their tendency to smother. Corn stalks are sometimes used as & strawberry mulch when no better material is available, They are rath- er coarse and heavy, however. They may be used lengthwise between the rows, but if possible some smaller, looser material ought to go over the the year, | No. 205 Nevada ‘Accommodation..,... 7:48 p. m. Fairly regular work for men and | horses in the winter season gives a |* Wheat Soils in. Missouri. INTERSTATE, farmer many advantages. Regular The soils in Missouri which ara WEST. work for horses fulfills one pirpose |‘best adapted to wheat are the well- é in reducing the cost of horse labor on | Jrained bottoms, the brown loess, tha | No. 608 Madison-Ippal, Freight, car- : ries passeuge! . 7:308..m, It costs so much | better limestone lands of south Mis- If the horse | souri and the.better timber and prai- rie lands of north Missouri. An ideal wheat soil is one with good drainage, with a medium to fine texture.and of good fertility. Lack of drainage is all farm operations. a day to keep a horse. works six hours the cost an hour will be one-half as much as if three hours’ work had been done: Horse labor now costs about 9 cents an hour. No. 637 Madison Accommodation... 1:30 p. m. EAST BOUND ARRIVALS. No. 688 Butler Accommodation. No. 6% Butler Local Freight.. Regarding man labor, regular work | one of the gréatest obstacles to win- wa ok daterctase Divicioas We laa etent gives four important results. _ First, | ter wheat growing. It is on poorly | trains carry pagsengers. a drained lands that the alternate freez- ing and thawing of late winter has its greatest effect in causing “heaving.” On well-drained soils heaving is of lit- tle consequence in average seasons. The direct freezing out of wheat during winters of light snowfall—ts it reduces labor costs. A mag receiy- ing $25 a month and his board actual- ly receives about 14 gents an hour for his work. If he worked as many hours in the winter as in the summer has labor would cost the farmer only about: 11-cents an hour, a saving of duueoeai comets eat dct Plants themselves. Where straw or other good mulch is not°generally available, it is the custom on the part of some growers to grow a mulch especially for this purpose. Corn, sorghum or kaffir corn, if sown so thickly that the plants will be ‘very slender and not also worse on wet lands. Good wheat ean sometimes be grown on land that is inclined to be wet, but is never sure. -This statement is particularly nearly 25 per cent. The second advantage is increased profits through the utilization of by- products of the farm. Meats may be cured, seeds, cleaned, .graded andj true of the light soils of the more treated; orohant pear ge ese products | tevel prairies and the heavy clay loam Such wi may be stored. done | dottom lands. ; avoids idle time and means ipney.| . For example, special care giveh to Cowpeas Good to Build Up Land. . | Office 301 Are a good place to hide your Christmas Attorney atLaw Notary Public East Side Square Phone 186 BUTLER, MISSOURI OR. ROBERT E. CRABTREE ~ General Practice. Diseases of Children. TELEPHONES : Residence 541 Office ig Geneh Bldg. » _ T, J. HALSEY, M. D. 0. 0. Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist and the fitting of Giassce BUTLER, MO Phone News the ground begins to freeze, for the reason that gliternate freezing and thawing in early winter may lift the plants. and loosen’ their roots. * ae most generally available ma- terial for mulching strawberries is too heavy, will make an excellent mulch for strawberries. Plants of this character, sown’ thickly broad- cast, are almost entirely free from weed seed, for they smother out oth- er sp@ies of weeds by their dense Poultry, seeing that they get balanced| The great velue of cowpeas as a rations and are. always kept comfort-| teed and as a soil-renovating crop able, will mean large production of| should give them*a more important eges when eggs are highest. All! piace in Missouri agriculture. The these things result im increased pro-| short period of growth also makes it gifts on Christmas Eve, but a poor place to-hide your savings the rest of the year. Put your hard.earned money in our safe; strong bank. Don’t delay any longer! wheat straw. Wheat straw as free frem. wheat seeqs_as possible should be selected. Wheat seeds in the * mulch will sprout in spring ‘and pro- : @, weediness in the strawberry »Sacent to. the threshing machine growth and are planted too thickly to make seeds of their own. : The mulch should cover the berries to a depth of at least two should lie lightly so the ‘ment. This overhauling will prevent, fits. : 3 Possible to use them to great advan- In the third. place, regular winter |-a2° as a catch crop between the reg- work will give overhauled farm equip-} glar crops in the rotation, either for + for pasture or for turning under. ey are, therefore, especially suited the man who wishes to build up | and rapidiy-while he is at the same securing «teturn from it in feed. account with us. Start the New-Year right by opening an