The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, December 6, 1932, Page 4

Text of Hoover THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE, TUESDAY, DECEMBER under the recent act authorizing the reorganization of the federal govern- ment which, if permitted to go into force, will produce still further sub- stantial economies. These sums in | reduction of appropriations will, how- | jever, be partially offset by an in-} j crease of about $250,000,000 in uncon- trollable items such as increased debt | services, ete. : In the budget there is included only ' ;the completion of the federal public | Works projects already undertaken or ‘under contract. Speeding up of fed-; feral public works during the past four years as an aid to employment has advanced many types of such im- provement to the point where further _expansion cannot be justified in their ‘usefulness to the government or the Peop! As an aid to unemployment {We should, beyond the normal con- structive programs, substitute repro- ductive or -called self-liquidating {works. Loans for such purposes have been provided for through the Re- tion Finance Corporation. nge in character of projects |directly relieves the taxpayer and is Manufacturer’s Tax Proposed as Means To Balance. Budget Only Food and Some Grades of Clothing Would Be Exempt From Suggested Levy But Rate Is Not Announc- ed; Wants Banking Reforms EXECUTIVE DECLARES PRESENT SYSTEM INEFFICIEN Does Not Condemn Individuals But Lays Blame For Economic Paralysis on Financial Set-Up; Would Reorganize Government and Cut Salaries Again capable of expansion into a larger ‘field than the direct federal works. , ‘The reproductive works constitute an Washington, Dec. 6—(AP)—The text of President Hoo-) addition to national wealth and to fu- ver'’s annual message to congress follows: ture employment, whereas further un- {due expansion of federal public works is but a burden upon the future. Construction Program Slashed ‘The federal construction program |thus limited to commitments and work in progress under the proposed ap- To the senate and house of representativ In accord with my constitutional duty, I transmit herewith} to the congress information upon the state of the Union to- gether with recommendation of measures for its consideration. Our country is at peace. Our national defer s has been ptopriations contemplates expendi- maintained at a high state of effectiveness. All of the execu- tures for the next fiscal year, includ- tive departments of the government have been conducted dur- ing naval and other vessel construc- | ing the year with a high devotion of public interest. There| tion. as well as other forms of public| has been a far larger degree of freedom from indust ia : Aaa boe ag GoMpREa wit FLT flict than hitherto known. Education and science have made! 969900 for the present year. further advances. The public health is today at its highest! ‘The expenditure on such items over known level. While we have recently engaged in the aggres-| the four Mae eG eS next | sive contest of a national election, its very tranquillity and the, Wi! amount to $2,350,000,000, or an acceptance of its results furnish abundant proof of the strength 270unt of construction work eight of our institution: times as great as the cost of the Pan- jama Canal and, except for comple- In the face of widespread hardship our people have demonstrated daily | tion of certain long-view projects, @ magnificent sense of humanity, of individual and community respon- sibility for the welfare of the less fortunate. They have grown in their |places the nation in many directions |well ahead of its requirements for conceptions and organization for cooperative action for the common wel- fare. jsome years to come. A normal pro- {gram of about $200,000,000 per annum | should hereafter provide for the coun- | ‘Ss necessities and will permit sub- Americans Are Generous In the provision against distress during this winter, the great private agencies of our country have been mobilized agait the generosity of stantial future reduction in federal our people has again come into evidence to a degree in which all America | expenditures. may take great pride. Likewise the local authorities and the states are en-| I recommend that the furlough sys- gaged everywhere in supplemental measures of relief. The provisions made | tem installed ast year be continued, for loans from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, to states that have |not only because of the economy pro. exhausted their own resources, guarantee that there should be no hunger or duced but because being tantamount suffering from cold in the country. The large majority of states are show-|to the “5-day week,” it sets an ex- ing a sturdy cooperation in the spirit of the federal aid. {ample which should. be followed by Economic Situation ithe cour and because it embraces unparalleled world-wide economic depression has continued through | within its workings the “spread work” the year. Due to the European collapse, the situation developed during! principle and thus serves to maintain last fall and winter into a series of most acute crises. The unprecedented! number of public servants who emergency measures enacted and policies adopted undoubtedly saved the! would otherwise be deprived of all country from economic disaster. After serving to defend the national se-|income. I feel, however, in view of the curity, these measures began in July to show their weight and influence to-! present. economic situation and the ward improvement of conditions in many parts of the country. The follow- | decrease in the cost of living by over ing tables of current business indicators show the general economic movement! 29 per cent, that some further sacfi- during the past eleven months. Monthly business indices with seasonal variations eliminated. i (Monthly average 1923-1925 equal 100). } ¢ Th licials of the government over and above the 8 1-3 per cent reduction un- within a few days grouping or con- solidating over 50 executive and ad- ministrative agencies including a large number of commissions and “in- dependent” agencies. The second step, of course, remains that after these various bureaus and agencies are placed cheek by jowl in- to such groups, the administrative of- ficers in charge of the groups shall eliminate their overlap and still fur- ther consolidate these activities. Therein lie large economies. The congress must be warned that. a host of interested persons inside and outside the government whose vision is concentrated on some par- ticular function will at once protest against these proposals. These same sorts of activities have prevented re- organization of the government for over a quarter of a ct must be disregarded if the task is to be accomplished. Banking The basis of every other and évery further effort toward recovery is to reorganize at once our banking sys- tem. The shocks to our economic sys- tem have undoubtedly been multiplied by the weakness of our financial sys- tem. I first called attention of the congress in 1929 to this condition, and I have unceasingly recommended remedy since that time. The subject has been exhaustively investigated both by the committees of the con- gress and the officers of the federal reserve system. The banking and financial system is presumed to serve in furnishing the essential lubricant to the wheels of industry, agriculture, and commerce, that is, credit. Its diversion from proper use, its improper use, or its insufficiency instantly brings hard- ship and dislocation in economic life. As a system our banking has failed to meet this great emergency. It can be said without question of doubt that our losses and distress have been greatly augménted by its wholly in- adequate organization. Its inability as a system to respond to our needs is today a constant drain upon prog- vess toward recovery. In this state- ment I am not referring to individual banks or bankers. Thousands of them have shown distinguished courage and ability. On the contrary, I am refer- ring to the system itself, which is so organized, or so lacking in organiza- tion, that in an emergency its very mechanism jeopardizes or paralyzes the action of sound banks and its in- stability is responsible for periodic dangers to our whole economic sys- tem. Failures Show Increase Bank failures rose in 1931 to 1013 Per cent of all the banks as compared to 1'2 per cent of the failures of all other types of enterprise. Since Jan. 1, 1930, we have had 4,665 banks sus- pend, with $3,300,000,000 in deposits. Partly from fears and drains from abroad, partly from these failures fice should be made by salaried of-| themselves (which indeed often caus- {224 by cooperation amongst nations ed closing of sound banks), we have witnessed hoarding of currency to an tury. They | 3 3 der the furlough system. I will rec-}enormous sum, rising during the | A = x ommend that after exempting the| height of the crisis to over $1,600,000,- Fs ae first $1,000 of salary there shouldj990, The results from inter-reaction ~ 3° oe be a temporary reduction for one year!of cause and effect have expressed | 2e 56 i of 11 per cent of that part of all! themselves in strangulation of credit ca os ge fovernment salaries in the excess of|which at times has almost stifled the FI ea 3S re $1,000 exemption, the result of| nation’s business and agriculture. The & Ea An which, combined with the furlough } josses, suffering, and tragedies of our 69 81 will average about 14.8 per) people are incalculable. Not alone do ction in pay to those earn-|they lie in the losses of savings to 72 68.1 a 7 39 ing more than $1,000. millions of homes, injury by deprival 69 678 62 78 5 Cut Veterans’ Costs jof working capital to thousands of} 67 664 61 72 41 mmend measures to elim-|small businesses, but also, in the 63 643 39 80 38 na n payments in the veter-|frantic pressure to recali loans to 60 62.1 54 73 37 ans’ rvices. I conceive these out-!meet pressures of hoarding and in li- 39 60.0 32 11 34 iys were entirely beyond the original! quidation of failed banks, millions of 58 58.3 51 67 32 ‘ons of congress in building up| other people have suffered in the loss 60 58.8 31 66 31 30 allowances. Many abuses !of their homes and farms, businesses | 66 66.3 34 70 33 30 have grown up from ill-considered have been ruined, unemployment in- 66 611 37 70 33 29 {legislation, They should be elimin-|creased, and farmers’ prices dimin- PienlaiGeniinue Measures — aay The ae should ae ask oe ished. | b a { a reduction in allowances to men ans i i i i | The measures and policies which |to buttress ou whole domestic finan- dependents whose disabilities rise out | ,rnat this enna a aaa sou have ured this turn toward re-jcial structure and greatly to restore} ot service nor to those veterans DS DU SSO BU OSOUE Date covery should be continued until the | credit facilities. depression is passed, and then the|cov requires But progress in re-| another element With substantial service who haye be- come totally disabled from non-war- emergency agencies should be prompt- | well—that is fully restored confidence | connected causes and who are at the ly liquidated. ‘The expansion of credit |in the future. Institutions and men/same time without other support. facilities by the federal reserve may have resources and credit but|These latter veterans are a charge tem and the Reconstruction Finance {unless they have confidence progress | on the community at some point and Corporation has been of incalculable js halting and insecure. | I feel that, in view of their service to value. The loans of the latter for; There are three definite directions the nation as a whole, the respon- reproductive works and to railways'in which action by the government sibility should fall upon the federal for the creation of employment; its) at once can contribute to strengthen government. ticular system is plainly indicated by the economic mechanism has suffer. ed far greater shocks than our own, failure during the depression. been in large degree identical with our own, there have not been sub- stantial bank failures. the fact that in Great Britain, where /oD Out of the world crisis, that even | there has not been a single bank} Again | in Canada, where the situation has| secure rapid and assured recovery and protection for the future we must co- operate with foreign nations in many measures. We have actively engaged in a world disarmament conference where, with success, we should reduce our own tax burdens and the tax burdens of other major nations. We should in- crease political stability of the world. | We should lessen the danger of war by. increasing defensive powers and decreasing offensive powers of na- tions. We would thus open new vistas of economic expansion for the world. We are participating in the fdrmu- jlation of a world nar confer- ence, successful results from which | would contribute must to advance in jagricultural prices, employment, and business. Currency depreciation and correlated forces have contributed |greatly to decrease in price levels. {Moreover, from these origins rise most of the destructive trade bar- tiers now stifling the commerce of the world. We could by successful action increase security and expand trade through stability in interna- tional exchange and monetary values. | By such action world confidence could be restored. It would bring courage and stability, which will reflect into. every home in our land. The European governments, obli- gated to us in war debts, have re- quested that there should be suspen- sion of payments due to the United States on Dec. 15 next, to be accom- panied by exchange of views upon ithis debt question. Our government |has informed them that we do not approve of suspension of the Dec. 15 payments. i Has Debt Proposal I have stated that I would recom- mend to the congress methods to ov- ercome temporary exchange difficul-! ties in connection with this payment from nations where it may be neces- sary. In the meantime, I wish to reiterate that there are three great fields of international action which must be {considered not in part but as a whole. They are of most vital interest to our people. Within them there are not ‘only grave dangers if we fail in right jaction but there also lie immense | opportunities for good if we shall suc- ceed. Within success there lie ma- | jor remedies for our economic distress ‘and major progress in stability and security to every fireside in our coun- try. The welfare of our people is depen- dent upon successful issue of the great causes of world peace, world! ‘disarmament, and organized world re- {covery. Nor is it too much to say that today as never before the welfare jof mankind and the preservation of civilization depend upon our solution ,of these questions. Such solutions can not be attained except by honest friendship, by adhering to agreements entered upon until mutually revised in a determination to find solutions which will be mutually beneficial. | Other Legislation I have placed various legislative needs before the congress in previous messages and these views require no amplification on this occasion. I have urged the need for reform in our transportation and power regu- lation, in the anti-trust laws as ap- |Plied to our national resource indus- tries, western range conservation, ex- tension of federal aid to child-health services, membership in the world! jcourt, the ratification of the Great | Lakes-St. Lawrence seaway treaty, re- | vision of the bankruptcy acts, revision ,of federal court procedure, and many ‘other pressing problems. These and other special subjects 1| {shall, where necessary, deal. with by | special communications to the con- | gress. The activities of our government are so great, when combined with the | emergency activities which have aris- the briefest review of them would lrender the annual message unduly jlong. I shall therefore avail myself of the fact that every detail of the government is covered in the reports | to the congress by each of the depart- iments and agencies of the govern- |ment. support of the credit structure through | loans to banks, insurance companies, | railways, building and loan associa tions, and to agriculture has protected the savings and insurance policies of millions of our citizens and has re- lieved millions of borrowers from du- | ress; they have enabled industry and) business to function and expand. The assistance given to farm loan banks, the establishment of the home loan banks and agricultural credit asso- ciations—all in their various ramifi- cations have placed large sums of money at the disposal of the people in protection and aid. Beyond this, the extensive organization of the cougtry in voluntary action has pro- duced profound results. further the forces of recovery by strengthening of confidence. They are the necessary foundations to any other action, and their accomplist ment would at once promote employ- ment and increase prices. Should Cut Expenses The first of these directions of ac- tion is the continuing reduction of all government expenditures, whether na- | tional, state, or local. The diffi- culties of the coun! dema un- diminished efforts toward economy in | government in every direction. | braced in this problem is the unques- | tioned balancing of the federal budget. That is the first necessity of national stability and is the foun- dation of further recovery. It must The following table indicates direct expenditures of the federal govern- ment in aid to unemployment, agri- culture, and financial relief over the past four years, The sums applied to financial relief multiply themselves many fold, being in considerable mea- sure the initial capital supplied to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, farm loan banks, etc., which will be recovered to the treasury. Lists Federal Loans ‘ uz 9° 2 zag 3 bed a: F 235 $ 156,100,000 196,700,000 880. 772,700,000 eee 717,260,000 52,000,000 tal .....$2,358,430,000 $1,177,500,000 *Public building, highways, rivers and harbors and their maintenance, naval and other vessel construction, hospitals, etc. Continued constructive policies pro- moting the economic recovery of the country must be the paramount duty of the government. The result of the agencies we have created and the we have pursued has been be balanced in an absolutely safe and sure manner if full confidence is to | be inspired. | The second direction for action |the complete reorganization at one of our banking system. The shocks to our economic life have undoubted- ly been multiplied by the weakness jof this system, and until they |Temedied recovery will be greatly | Pered. e ham- The third direction for immediate | Many of the economies recommend. ed in the budget were presented at the last ion of the congress but failed of adoption. If the economy and appropriations committees of the con- gress in canvassing these proposed; expenditures shali find further re- ductions which can be made without pairing essential government ser- vices, it will be welcomed both by the country and by myself. But under no circumstances do I feel that the con- ‘gress should fail to uphold the total {of reductions recommended. Some of the older revenues and some of the revenues provided under the act during the last session of the congress, particularly those generally referred to as the nuisance taxes, have not been as prolific of income as had been hoped. Further revenue is necessary in addition to the amount jof reductions in expenditures recom- mended. Many of the manufacturers’ excise taxes upon selected industries not only failed to produce satisfac- vory revenue, but they are in many e | Ways unjust and discriminatory. The time has come when, if the govern- ment is to have an adequate basis of revenue to assure a balanced budget, R. F. C. Defended Nation Conclusion The creation of the Reconstruction! It seems to me appropriate upon Finance Corporation and the amend- | this occasion to make certain general ments to thé federal reserve act serv- {observations upon the principles which ed to defend the nation in a great! must dominate the solution of prob- crisis. They are not remedies; they|lems now pressing upon the nation. are relief. It is inconceivable that the | Legislation in response to national reconstruction corporation, which has | needs will be effective only if every extended aid to nearly 6,000 institu- | such act conforms to a complete phil- tions and is manifestly but a tem-!osophy of the people's purposes and porary device, can go on indefinitely. | destiny. Ours is a distinctive govern- It is today a matter of satisfaction | ment with a unique history and back- that the rate of bank failures, of} ground, consciously dedicated to spe- government must be exerted to protect the people, But even these must be limited to an emergency sense and must be promptly ended when these dangers are overcome. With the free development of sci- ence and the consequent multitude of inventions, some of which are ab- solutely revolutionary in our national life, the government must not only stimulate the social and economic re- sponsibility of individuals and private institutions but it must also sire | leadership to cooverative action amongst the people which will soften the effect of these revolutions and thus secure social transformations in an orderly manner. The highest form of self-goverriment is the voluntary cooperation within our people for such purposes, But I would emphasize again that social and economic solutions, as such, will not avail to satisfy the aspira- tions of the people unless they con- form with the traditions of our race, deeply grooved in their sentiments through a century anda half of struggle for ideals of life that are rooted in religion and fed from purely spiritual springs, TS | Weather Report j FORECAST For Bismarck and vicinity: Gener- ally fair and much colder tonight; Wednesday fair, continued cold. For North Da- kota: Generally fair and colder to- night, much cold- er west portion; Wednesday fair, continued cold. For South Da- kota: Generally fair and much colder tonight, cold wave south- east portion, tem- perature near zero; Wednesday fair, colder extreme southeast. For Montana: Unsettled and cold- er tonight, snow east of Divide; Wed- nesday generally fair. For Minnesota Generally fair to- night and Wednesday; colder tonight, cold wave in east and south; colder in east and south portions Wednesday. GENERAL CONDITIONS A high pressure area is centered over Alberta this morning and much colder weather prevails over the northern Rocky Mountain region and over the northern Great Plains. Sub- zero temperatures were reported from nartheastern North Dakota and the central Canadian Provinces. A low Pressure area, accompanied by warm Weather, extends from the southern Plains States northeastward to the; lower Great Lakes region. Light pre- cipitation occurred at most places from the northern and central Rocky Mountain region eastward to the Great Lakes region. Bismarck station barometer, inches: 28.29. Reduced to sea level, 30.28, NORTH DAKOTA POINTS 7 am Low Pct. BISMARCK, snowing .. 10 10 .00 Devils Lake, clear .,.... -8 -8 .00 Fargo-Moorhead, cldy... 0 -2 .00 Williston, cldy. . 5 6 00 Grand Forks, cldy. 6 E Minot, clear .......... -10 -10 00, Jamestown, clear 3 9 K Valley City, clear 0 -1 00 OUT OF STATE POINTS | 7 am Low Pct. Amarillo, Tex., clear Boise, Idaho, peldy. + 20 hoarding, and the demands upon the | cific ideals of liberty and to a faith reconstruction corporation have great-|in the inviolable sanctity of the in- ly lessened. The acute phases of the | dividual human spirit. Furthermore, crisis have obviously passed and the |the continued existence and adequate time has now come when this na-|functioning of our government in tional danger and this failure to re- preservation of ordered liberty and spond to national necessities must be | stimulation of progress depends upon ended and the measures to end them|the maintenance of state, local, in- can be safely undertaken. Methods of! stitutional, and individual sense of reform have been exhaustively ex-|responsibility. We have builded a amined. There is no reason now why | system of individualism peculiarly our solution should not be found at the own.which must not be forgotten in Present session of the congress. In-!any governmental acts, for from it flation of currency or governmental have grown greater accomplishments conduct of banking can have no part! than those of any other nation. in these reforms. The government! On the social and economic sides, must abide within the field of con-|the background of our American sys- structive organization, regulation, and!tem and the motivation of progress action is vigorous and whole-souled | this system of special manufacturer's cooperation with other governments excise taxes should be extended to in the economic field. That our ma- cover practically all manufactures at jor difficulties find their origins in}a uniform rate, except necessary food |the econome weakness of foreign na-|and possibly some grades of cloth- tions requires no demonstration. The | ing. first need today is strengthening of | Would Reorganize Government commodity prices. That can not be| At the last session the congress re- Permanently accomplished by arti-|sponded to my request for authority ficialities. It must be accomplished | to reorganize the government depart- by expansion in consumption of goods!ments. The act provides for the |through the return of stability and|grouping and consolidation of execu- |confidence in the world at large and/|tive and administrative agencies ac- that in turn can not be fully accomp- | cording to major purposes, and there- |lished without cooperation with other |by reducing the number of overlap nations. and duplication of effort. Executive | Balancing the Budget orders issued for these purposes are I shall in due course present the | required to be transmitted to the con- executive budget to the congress. It | gress while in session &nd do not be- will show proposed reductions in ap-|come effective until after the expira- Propriations below those enacted by| tion of 60 calendar days after such the last session of the congress by | transmission, unless the congress shall over $830,000,000. In addition I shall|sooner approve. | present the necessary executive orders} I shall issue such executive orders ie enforcement of safe Practices | is essentially that we should allow only. Parallel with reform in the banking laws must be changes in the federal farm loan banking system and in the Joint stock land banks. Some of these changes should be directed to per- manent improvement and some emer- gency aid to our people where they wish to fight to save their farms and homes. I wish again to emphasize this view —that these widespread banking re- forms are a national necessity and are the first requisites for further re- covery in agriculture and_ business. They should have’immediate consid- eration as steps greatly needed to fur- ther recovery. Economic Cooperation Our major difficulties during the Past two years find their origins in the shocks from economic collapse |Sbroad which in turn are the after- math of the great war. If we are to free play of social and economic forces as far as will not limit equality of opportunity and as will, at the same time, stimulate the initiative and enterprise of our people. In the main-' tenance of this balance the federal government can permit of no privilege to any person or group. It should act as a regulatory agent and not as a participant in economic and social life. The moment the government participates, it becomes a competitor with the people. Tyrannical Competitor As a competitor it becomes at once a tyranny in whatever direction it may touch. Vc have around us nu- merous such experiences, no one of which can be found to have justified itself except in cases where the people Calgary, Alta., snowing. 0 10 Chicago, Ill., eldy. 52 00 Denver, Colo., snowing.. 22 04 Des Moines, Ia., cldy. :00| Dodge City, Kans., clear 28 00! Edmonton, Ala., snowing -8 24 Havre, Mont., cldy. 16 01) Helena, Mont., cld: 10 06 Huron, S. D., snowing.. 12 02 Kamloops, B. C., clear.. 24 00} Kansas City, M., raining 52 00} Lander, Wyo., snowing... 16 .22 Medicine Hat, A., snow’g 16 00 Miles City, M., snowing 6 4 24 Modena, Utah, cleay.... 24 24 .00) No. Platte, Neb., snowing 26 26 .00 Oklahoma City, O., clear 56 56 .00 | Pierre, 8. D., snowing... 16 16 .04 Prince Albert, S., peldy. -10 -16 .00 Qu’Appelle, S., cldy..... -4 -6 00 Rapid City, S. D., clear 12 12 16 32 30 = .00 52 04 28 «08 26 «00 S. 8. Marie, M., snowing 30 26 .06 Seattle, Wash., peldy... 34 34 02 Sheridan, Wyo., snowing 18 18 .04 Sioux City, Ia., snowing 26 26 .00 Spokane, Wash.. clear.. 22 22 .00 Swift Current,S. snow’g 4 ‘4 .04 The Pas, Man., clear.. -20 -24 .00 Toledo, Ohio, cldy 42 104 Winnemucca, Nev., 12.00 Winnipeg, Mari., clear 20 04 Await Ruling on Convicts’ Appeal Kansas City, Kan., Dec. 6.—(P)— Federal Judge Hopkins was to rule Tuesday on defense motions to quash indictments against four convicts and an ex-convict charged with be- ing involved in the Leavenworth fed- eral penitentiary break a year ago. Three other convicts lost their lives in the outbreak and T. B. White, then warden, was wounded. The four convicts who are defend- ants in the present case were recap- tured. The convicts are Brown of Fargo, N. D.; Tom Under- wood of Duluth, Minn.; Charles Berta of San Francisco, and Earl Thayer of Oklahoma City, all serv- ing long terms for mail robbery. Stanley ‘A NEW DEAL’ Denver, Colo—Lorenzo P. Nuckolls and his wife decided, after 50 years of married life, that they couldn’t get along together, so they got a divorce After two years separation they some- how decided that they needed each other, so they obtained a special court order for immediate issuance of @ license and were remarried. The stingless bees of Panama gath- er lubricating oil with their feet to mix with the wax for their honey- as a whole have met forces beyond their control, such as those of the great war and this great depression, where the full powers of the federal Pleased Wanted to Romp on White House Lawn; Cleveland's Wish Fails to Come True The wish had been made for Franklin Roosevelt that he might never become president of the United States. And ten- ancy of the white house seemed a remote possibility indeed dur- ing the family’s early days in Washington ... The following article, second of a series of 12 dealing with the Rising Roose- velts, takes up the intimate, au- thentic story of the next First Family of the Land. BY PAUL HARRISON Measured in time instead of dis- tance, it was a long way from the Roosevelts’ first modest home on N street, in Washington, to the white house. It was, in fact, exactly 20 years, for Franklin D. Roosevelt was appointed assistant secretary of the Navy in 1913. But even in those days the ,elder children, Anna and James, used to wonder about the austere mansion where President Wilson lived, and wished that they could romp about its lawns and gardens. And once they burst into their father's study with a breathless question: “When,” president We -were talking to the Rogerses and they said...” Franklin Roosevelt's laugh boomed out. And then he told them about the day when, at the age of 5, he was taken on a_ visit to Washing- ton. And how President Cleveland said: “I am making a strange wish forsyou, little man a wish I suppose no one else would make. I wish for you that you may never be president. of the United States.” The youngsters were puzzled by that enigmatic story. It was a long time before they understood what President Cleveland meant. But after that they were content to play in their own back yard. x * EARLY MEMORIES Anna was 7 when the Roosevelts first went to the capital, and James was 18 months younger. Elliott was only 3. Franklin, Jr., was born the following summer at Campobello Island, New Brunswick, and John came along in 1916, in Washington. Golden-haired, blue-eyed “Sis,” as Anna has always been called, has only a slight recollection of her ear- liest childhood at the Roosevelt estate at Hyde Park, N. Y., and of living in Albany in 1909 and ‘10, when her young father was a mem- ber of the state senate. But she does remember her first winter in New York, at the brownstone house in 65th street, and her shy advent at Miss Davidge’s kindergarten. That kindergarten, incidentally, finally became the Todhunter School, in which Mrs. Franklin Roosevelt now teaches and has a part interest. In Washington, as the years sped by, and the assistant secretary of the Navy took on heavier responsibilities requiring more social contacts, the Roosevelts moved to a bigger house on R street. It had spacious dining and drawing rooms for formal din- ners and receptions. And it had an! almost equally large playroom, and | glassed-in sleeping room—roof and sides—on the third floor. “Sis” and “Jimmy” and “Bunny” had perfect- ly dandy times tossing paper bags ; full of water from these windows to the sidewalk in front, letting them ; burst with a startling plop at the feet of unwary pedestrians. x * * TR’S MARVELOUS WATCH They went to the white house twice on regular “rubberneck” tours, al- ways in tow of a vigilant governess who expected them to try to carve their initials in the chief executive's desk. President Wilson, weighted by cares, they seldom saw. But Elliott does remember a visit to their house by the former President Theodore Roosevelt. The boy, who had been named for TR’s only brother, was taken on the big man’s lap and al- lowed to listen to the chimes in a marvelous and massive gold watch that Teddy carried. Elliott remembers, too, still with an involuntary catch of breath, the terrifying afternoon when he was locked for hours in a stifling closet. Anna, nearly 10, was holding the very young Franklin, Jr., in her lap and crooning the rock-a-bye-baby Song. Elliott, then 16 years removed from fatherhood, qidn’t like babies, and cared less for lullabyes. He crept up behind Anna and tipped her chair over backward, Down came baby, sister and ‘all. And down came the wrath of a panic-stricken nurse. She marched Elliott, by one of his large, crimson ears, into a closet, slammed the door and locked it with such a vigorous twist that the key was broken off. * * OK PUNISHMENT ENOUGH and outside that closet. The nurse set to work with hairpins and nail- files, but to no avail. She was afraid to tell the parents. And Elliott, who knew nothing of the broken key, was convinced that he had been left to Suffocate in his dungeon. Finally the furnace man was call- ed, and he laboriously chiseled the lock from the door. Everyone peeped fearfully into the closet. Bunny was still alive, but chastened. It was de- cided unanimously that he had been punished enough. Discipline never was 4 very serious problem in the Roosevelt menage. ‘The older children still maintain that their parents were much stricter with them than with Franklin, Jr, and John. But the latter are able to comb cells. 3 Use the Want Ads Present an excellent case for the negative side of the question. If there was, in fact, a family dis- Women’s and Misse WINTER COATS 1 Price ALL SIZES TO Daughte: Make this Christmas a truly Merry Christmas for Mother, Sister or r and get her a REALLY ‘GOOD COAT at a REALLY LOW PRICE SA RAH GOLD SHOP 312 Main Ave, May we suggest to you that you use our LAY-BY PLAN and have that coat delivered to her for Christmas? THE STORE Phone 566 XMAS SHOPPERS’ ciplinarian at all, it was Mrs. Roose: For this occasion we will offer one «s® st special group of se MILLINERY they asked, “are you going to be; Then panic reigned both inside i By Victory velt. And that, she explains, was only because her husband always had been so burdened by the duties and cares of his offices that she tried to spare him the unpleasantries of petty family troubles. A few times she took one or more of the children to him for lectures, and distinctly re- members haling Jimmy to justice one day—and providing s slipper for one of the father’s Rooseveltian wallop- ings. She spanked them, of course, for there is nothing so modern about the next First Lady that she must forego old-fashioned methods when they're applicable. But the spank- ings were administered between the ages of 3 and 6. After that, as an age of more-or-less reason develop- ed, lectures were substituted, and sometimes the suspension of various privileges. * * * THEY’D TALK IT OUT On some occasions there were long, wearying arguments over moot ques- tions of conduct, with Mrs. Roosevelt trying with all her patience to bring the youngsters to open agreement with her views. And sometimes, her temper frayed, she would walk out on these impromptu ethics classes, and the shame-faced pupils would realize that they had only been try- ing to camouflage guilty consciences. Voluntary apologies usually followed. No idle threats were ever made. No one ever said: “Jimmy, if you are j not @ good boy you can’t go on the Paper chase tomorrow.” For if Jim- | my had been too bad a boy the ver- dict was: “Jimmy,I'm sorry, but you cannot go on th® paper chase to- morrow.” And that was absolutely that. In the matter of lessons, Franklin Roosevelt was especially inexorable. When the children wanted to go out and play, his one question usually was: “Got your home work done?” “Yes, sir.” “Let's see it.” ‘They couldn't bluff that man. Nor did he doubt his children’s word. He simply wanted to make sure that their work was all done, and was done right. Former Montana Publisher Dies New York, Dec, 6—(P)—Lester L. Jones, executive secretary for the last 14 years of the Publishers’ Associa- tion of New York City, died Monday of injuries received Saturday when he fell on the stairs at a subway station. He was born in Canfield, O., 64 years ago. He entered newspaper work in Chicago, where he was con- nected with the Record Herald, the Chicago Chronicle and then the Chi- cago Journal, of which he was busi- ness manager. Later he became owner and publisher of the Missoula, Mont., Sentinel and the Billings, Mont., Gazette. In 1918 he came east to form the connection with the pubJsshers’ association that lasted un- til his death. Strange But True News Items of Day (By the Associated Press) Nose for Chops Chicago—"Shoes” has a nose for pork chops, but that’s not helping Mrs. Kristie Hojek get back the $1,071 three Negroes took the other night. Her son, William, borrowed | “Shoes,” a large and sleuthy-looking Police dog. William let “Shoes” take a sniff of the pgcketbook the thieves threw away after removing the money, and then set out on the trail of the culprits. The “trail” led to several houses. in the neighborhood. Each time there was commotion and The neighbors com- Plained “Shoes” was not following a Pocketbook trail, that each andevery time it was the scent of frying pork chops that attracted him to a house. Police politely suggested that per- haps “Shoes” had no license to hunt thieves. William is thinking of tak- | ing “Shoes” off the case altogether. | — \ Beating the Gun Uniontown, Pa.—Stern officers of the law gasped as they saw Frank Bonati and Joseph Angone driving through this city in a car piled high with liquor. Pre-pro- hibition trade-marks flashed from cases stacked on the run- ning-board. Bonati and Angone, who made no pretense at secrecy, expressed surprise as the officers seized the car containing about 200 gallons of liquor, and march- ed the owners off to.jail. “Why,” tee apere clamored, “we ig) ey just repeal Volstead nen eek sot bitter protest. INJURED IN MISHAP | Galius Froelich, farm youth living (West of Mandan, didn't know his | truck was in gear when he cranked it and as a result was crushed against the side of a school building, suffering a broken left leg, severe bruises and contusions. —____. DIES AT DEVILS LAKE Devils Lake, N. D., Dec. 6—(P)— | Ever C. Enger, 73, died Sunday at the home of a daughter here. He came to North Dakota in 1884, settling near Churchs Ferry. Funeral services will be held at Churchs Ferry Wednesday. More than 50 per cent of all flow- ers in the world are red or shade of that colo sil POLLY MORAN PRosPERITY Message to Nation’s Congress ‘|. Roosevelt Children oe ey wW { ™