The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, April 14, 1932, Page 6

THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE, THURSDAY, APRIL 14, 1932 Three Campaigns Against Child Labor Are Opened 20th Amendment, More Restric- "tions, Improved Schools Are Main Obiects Editor's Note: What is this rich- est of nations going to do about | | the problem of child labor? The | following article, the second of } two written for The Tribune, tells | about plans of various govern- | ment and private agencies for the correction of present conditions. By PAUL HARRISON ' NEA Service Writer | Three campaigns are under way for the abolition of child labor. { One seeks ratification of the Twen- tieth Amendment, which would give congress the right to regulate the em- ployment of persons less than 18 years old. Another is driving toward more leg-! islative restrictions in the various states. The third, mainly @ measure of stricting the hiring of minors as a measure of temporary economic relief. | | Reform Forces Gather In addition to such government agencies as the Children’s Bureau and the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, several production which opened today at the private organizations are prominently Capitol Theatre, is easily the laugh- identified with the child labor move- ment. The National Child Labor Committee, National League of Wo- tacular production seen hereabouts men Voters, Consumers’ League, Na- tional Federation of Women’s Clubs, Congress of Parents and Teachers and the welfare division of the American Legion all are working for reform. The American Federation of Labor, vitally concerned with the cheap com- Petition of more than a million young workers, is especially interested in se- curing ratification of the amendment The President's Organization for Unemployment Relief is promoting a nation-wide back-to-school move- ment. When the comntate 1950 consis figures are available. opponents of child labor will have fresh statistical ammunition with which to bombard backward states. emergency unemployment reli is trying to return to the sch as| There will be a call for a general many as possible of the millions of Upward revision of compulsory school | children who are either completely |age laws. Miss Grace Abbott, chief idle or are working for wages With the name of President Hoover heading the list, the individuals and organizations backing the fivht com-, prise by far the most powerful group with the young toil- “What could be a better time to st ” they ask, “ when there a millions of workers in distress for lack of jobs?” Also for the first time, the move- ment finds itself without organized pposition and with a cleariy definea program which can encounter none of the constitutional stumbling blocks which twice before have defeated it. Early Efforts Fail After more than a cecade of avita tion by various agencies—the Nation al Child Labor Committee was inco: porated by Act of Congress in 1907—- the first federal legislation was passed in 1916 and went into effect in 1917. It Was intended to operate under the power of the government to control interstate commerce, and th: bill pro- hibited the shipment of products in the manufacture of which childrer under 14 were employed. The law was in operation nine months, but was declared u..constitu- tional by a 5-4 decision of the U. S. Supreme court because of its indirect application. Presidents Agree \ But con goon convinced that federal control of the problem was a public necessity. So a different plan soon was devised. The Revenue Act of 1919 imposed a tax upon the ica. profits of all mines and manufarty-| ¥ ing establishments employing chil- dren in violation of certain stand- ards. This measure was in effect three years, but in 1922 it also was declared unconstitutional. Each President of the United States since the time of Roosevelt, who established the Children’s Bu- reau of the Devartment of Labor. has favored child labor reform. Wilson, Harding and Coolidge all pointedly suzgested that if the working children of this country are beyond federal Protection now, constitutional limita- tions should be extended to include them. So in 1924 Congress acted on a joint resolution giving congress the power to limit, regulate and prohibit the la- bor of persons under 18 years of age. | It passed the House by a vote of 297 to 69, and the Senate by 67 to 23. This is the Twentieth Amendment, which to become operative must be ratified by 36 states. Opposition to the amendment has been offered along several lines in the past. Some critics, although profess- ing sympathy with the measure's in- tention, believe it unenforceable. | Others say that it is an infringe- ment on state's rights; that labor con- | ditions vary in different states ard are | not properly subject to a single standard of control. Six States Ratify To date only six states have ratified the amendment—Arizona, Arkansas, California, Montana, Wisconsin and Colorado. In three states it has been} ratified by one house only; in three | states it never has been considered: in the remainder it, has been rejected by | adverse vote, postponement, or is be- | ing held in committee. | Of the nine states which will hold | legislative sessions this year, Mas chusetts, New York, New Jer: Louisiana and Virginia tave pro-} grams for improvement of local con- | ditions. Wisconsin's special session i | 1932 is expected to act on a bill re- Write for your free 401 Fourth St. It’s Time to Paint But Paint With Jewell Right now is the time to think about Painting —also about our Paints as your best selection. This season we are offering extra quality Paint at prices that make its use a decided economy. In addition we have a Full Line of Glass, Wall Paper, Varnishes, Brushes, Artist and Sign Writers’ Supplies Bismarck Paint & Glass Co. of the Children’s Bureau, has esti- tated that !¢ these ‘as were brourht up to a 15-vear level all over the coun- try, a quarter of a million children would be released from industry. If the school age were raised to 16 she estimate: e times as many would be withdrawn. Sociologists are prevared to say that child labor is a social irritant; that ic creates bad feeling between employers and working classes; that its abolition would create a favorable effect on ths unemployment situation far beyond the acttral number involved Economists will tell how cnild labor acts as a depressant of adult wage cales, since immature minors and their elders are in direct competition in many industries, and when business is slack. They will pre- dict the tonic effect of increased spending power of adults when chil- dren are forced out of industry. New ,by Ann Dvorak and Yola D’Avril. especially | | “musts"—whether you are young or fields of employment also would be; opened: more teachers, schcol build- ings and school supplies would be needed. Althcugh organized industry here- tofore has beer ing lecal regulation of child labor, there have been a number of recent Properly applied flesh tints, powder, s in which employers them- | Mascara and what not, to some thirty selves have taten the lead in reform.|thousand actors and actresses, you instan Some Industries Lead In 1931, for instance, the Cotton Textile Institute voted to eliminate night work for women and minors un- About 83 per cent of the in- bills which would have en- ion of night work introduced into the legislatures of North and South Carolina, Maine end New Hampshire, they were de- feated. In Florida executives of cigar fac- tories became convinced that youths starting their apprenticeships at 18 make better and more cigars than children from 12 to 18. As a result the standard age for apprentices in the Florida cigar industry, which em- ploys more people than any other in the state, is now 18. ve also of the changing at- titude toward child labor of other pro- gressive concerns is this statement from the official organ of the Nation- al Association of Manufacturers: “Employers generaliy recognize that child labor is rot profitable. They do not want it. Immature chiidren are not capable of handling to advantage expensive and complicated machin- ery.” So directors of the present cam- paign expect to be hampered more by sheer inertia than by organized oppo- sition. But economic arguments are expected to overcome public indiffer- ence. “When you employ children of 14 or 15 or younger you not only are keeping adults out of jobs but you are lowering their wage scale by the most effective possible method—the com- petition of low-pay workers,” said Courtenay Dinwiddie, general secre- tary of the National Child Labor Com- mittee. “The children themselves are losing their opportunities for a better education, and are being sudjected to physical strains and industrial haz- ards for which they are unprepared. “There is not a single state in the} Union that does not need to strength- en its laws, its practices, or both, with respect to child labor and education.” received here of the death Tuesday Buy or Sel] Through The Tribune Want Ads wall paper catalogue blamed for oppos- | est. voluntarily acted accordingly.|t0 be made-up every day of an an- [ee Sennen nner sree erage ey At the Movies i CAPITOL “Sky Devils,” the Howard Hughes sensation of the year. More than that, it is the most spec- in many months — its amazing air scenes unmatched since “Hell's GRAIN CARLOADING INNORTHWEST FALL OFF 62.6 PER CENT Report on Shipping For Three Months of 1932 Made by Boards irst Grain carloadings in the northwest states during the first quarter this Angels.” Here is a sure-cure for the hard times blues. No matter how de- pressed you might be, this slam-bang comedy of the air will lift you to roaring heights. It amuses, it thrills, and at times it moves you with its down-to-earth and light-hearted romance. If ever a picture had everything—this is it. Literally and figuratively, “the sky was the limit” when Howard Hughes produced this one. The same quality or rare comedy found in his “Two Arabian Knights” is contained in “Sky Devils”—and the air-thrills are as awe-inspiring as those in “Hell's Angels.” “Sky Devils” is the amusing and impertinent tale of three dare-devil American flyers, who violate every rule of war for a good time. Spills, thrills, court-martials, and Richthof- ving circus—all are just part of the day's work in the lives of these carefree clowns of the air. The “Sky Devils” are Spencer Tracy, William Boyd and George Cooper. and each gives an outstand- ing comedy characterization. Their reckless exploits are embellished with romance, some spicy and some senti- mental, and this is all ably furnished Edward Sutherland, ace of comedy directors, was responsible for the direction of “Sky Devils,” and it is indubitably his finest directorial tri- umph. Put “Sky Devils” on your list of old, male or female—you will enjoy every moment of this superlative en- tertainment. PARAMOUNT THEATRE To modern wizards of make-up, as much as to oldtime barbers, the first thirty thousand mugs are the hard- Which is to say, that after you've know your cosmetology to a split eye- lash. In the past ten years, Tom Cam- eron of the Paramount New York studio, has averaged a dozen people nual working period of 250 days. When he feels time dragging on his hands at the studio, although the tem- peramental people of the screen are not inclined to let ofe in charge of their professional appearances lan- guish in quiet, Cameron supervises the make-up of many players in Broadway productions. He had charge of giving all facial “O-K's” on the sets while “The Wiser Sex” was in production. This mod- ern drama of a girl whose audacity and alert wit saves her lover from a murder charge, will headline Clau- dette Colbert, Melvyn Douglas, Lily- an Tashman and William Boyd at the Paramount Theatre, starting today. Ruse Helps Bandits Rob Wisconsin Bank Kenosha, Wis., April 14—(?)—The Silver Lake State bank, 15 miles west of here, was robbed of approximately $5,000 today by two men posing as deputy sheriffs, They escaped after locking Clifford Janke, assistant cash- jer, in the bank vault. The men entered the Janke home while the assistant cashier, his wife, and a school teacher, Mabel McKee, were preparing for breakfast. They wore deputy sheriff's uniforms and readily gained admittance. Both men drew guns and an- nounced # holdup. The two women were taken into the basement and tiea to a post. Janke was ordered into the Taber: car and was driven to the yank, year decreased 62.6 per cent from the total for the corresponding period in 1931, it is estimated in the national forecast of the Regional Shippers’ Advistory Boards. Iron and steel loadings dropped 53.2 per cent during January, Febru- ary and March, loading of ore and concentrates fell off 41.1, and a 40 per cent decrease was noted for agricul- tural implements and vehicles, other than automobiles, Of 29 principal commodities listed in the forecast, only four showed in- creases in their carloadings in North Dakota during the first quarter. Shipment of potatoes increased 427 from that of the first quarter last year, other fresh vegetables 15.4 per cent, poultry and dairy products 4.1, and lumber and forest products 4 per cent. Included in the northwest group are North and South Dakota, Mon- tana and Minnesota. Total carloadings in this area for the quarter decreased 27.5 per cent, compared with 13 per cent for the whole country, the forecast says. Decreases and increases ‘indicated - and ++, repsectively) for carlodings throughout the nation as compared with those for the northwest states include: North- Nation west Grain . + 125 -62.6 Flour, meal an r mill products......... ° 5.2 -25.0 Hay, straw and alfalfa. -130 - 5 Fresh friuts + +20 -67 Potatoes ...... . - 9.0 A Other fresh vegetables. -10.7 Livestock » 2 26 Poultry and dairy prod- ucts + * 61 Coal and coke. we 2 OT Ores and concentrates. -35.7 Lumber and forest products ............. 19.8 Petroleum and products - 2.7 Sugar, syrup and mo- Iron and steel . 14.7 Machinery and boilers, -20.3 ‘Cement ... seeceeee 916.7 Brick and clay products -18.9 Lime and plaster...... -12.2 Agricultural implements -38.5 ‘Autos, trucks and parts -268 -10.8 Fertilizers .........-... °27.2 + 99 Chemicals and explo- Sives ...... » 7 AT. 16.7 Canned goods. » = 98 -86.6 Wife Was Fat No Longer Attractive Lost Husband’s Love ‘The above headlines appeared in a New York newspaper of April 4 in connection with a divorce trial that has attracted wide attention. “She was a beautiful woman,” one witness testified, “but she got fat and is not attractive any more.” Thousands of women are getting fat and losing their appeal just be- cause they do not know what to do. If you are fat how would you like to lose it and at the same time gain in physical charm and acquire a clean, clear skin and eyes that spar- kle with buoyant health? And gain in energy and activity? Why not do what thousands of women have done to get rid of pounds of unwanted fat? Take one-half tea- spoon of Kruschen Salts in a glass of hot water every morning before breakfast and keep it up for 30 days. You can help the action of Kruschen by cutting down on pastry and fatty meats and going light on potatoes, butter, cream and sugar. Then weigh yourself and see how many pounds you have lost. Kruschen Salts are a blend of 6 One-Time Head of Fargo College Dies Chicago, April 14—(%)—Word was lof John W. Hansel, 82, former presi- dent of the Young Men’s Christian Association College of Chicago, at his home in Berkeley, Calif. Hansen also was a founder of the Y. M, C. A’s summer camp and school at Geneva, Wis. At one time he served as president of Fargo college at Fargo, N. D. He was born at Pe- oria, Ill, He is survived by his widow, two daughters and a son. SERVED IN STATE FROM 1913 to 1918 Fargo, April 14—()—John W. Han- sel was president of Fargo college Wea September of 1913 to June of o "Girl Jails Swindler | , Who Robbed Father Youngstown, O., April 14.—(). Miss Betty Robinson, New Castle, Pa., Thursday had the satisfac- tion of seeking Frank Max Shanklin, accused of swindling her father out of $14,000, behind the bars of city jail accused of fraud. Miss Robinson, it was revealed, acted as Shanklin's secretary to “get the goods on him” in revenge for a swindle in Mercer county, Pa., 10 years ago. Loses Both Feet in Mishap on Railroad Grand Forks, N. D., April 14—(7)}— Joseph Hrnsbdl suffered the loss of both feet Tuesday when he fell be- neath a freight train he was riding near Conway, 40 miles northwest of here. He was taken to Larimore for treatment and then rushed to Grand Forks. Surgeons report his condition Serious, N. D. ISSUE EXTRADITION ORDER Extradition of : mineral salts most helpful to body health. Best of all, a bottle of Kru- schen Salts that will last you for 4 weeks costs but a trifle, Ask Finney’s Drug Store, Hall’s Drug Store or any druggist for a bottle and start to lose fat today. It’s the safe way to reduce but be sure you get Kruschen—your health Minnesota College To Reduce Expenses St. Peter, Minn., April 14—(P)—| Unless the executive committee of Gustavus Adolphus college reconsid- ers previous action, Roy T. Linden- berg, head basketball coach, will not be retained on the coaching staff. College directors Wednesday decid- ed to take no definite action on re- newal of contracts of Lindenberg and Miss Barbara E. Register women’s athletic director. At a previous meeting the board de- cided that due to financial reasons it would be impossible to retain the two members of the athletic depart- ment. George B. 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