The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, October 14, 1931, Page 4

i The Bismarck Tribune An Independent Newspaper THE STATE'S OLDEST NEWSPAPER (Established 1873) Published by The Bismarck Tribune Company, Bismarck, N. D., and en- tered at the postoffice at Bismarck as Second class mail matter. GEORGE D. MANN President and Publisher. Subscription Rates Payable in Advance Daily by carrier, per year......$7.20 Daily by mail per year (in Bis- marck) Daily by mail per year (in state outside Bismarc®) ........... 5.00 Daily by mail outside of North Dakota «+ 6.00 Weekly by mail in state, per year$i.00 ‘Weekly by mail in state, three cidents. This toll is the largest on} record, according to figures compiled by the Travelers’ Insurance company from state reports. There are nearly 90 fatalities from this source daily. New York heads the list with 1,961 deaths, a gain of 14.36. California registers the second largest toll with 1,680 deaths or a gain of 13.67 per cent. Pennsylvania and Ohio are third and fourth on the list. Drastic steps on the part of law- enforcement officials can cut down the number of fatalities as well as accidents which cripple victims life. Despite fairly strict provisions in New York and California govern- ing qualifications of drivers, these states lead in automobile accidents. The drunken driver gets off too casily and often violation of traffic rules Weekly by thy | Merely calls for a mild reprimand. PavHts. BERUWERY .<.) sss: 1s0/ The United States is alert in Weekly by mail in Canada, per year x Member of Audit Bureau of Circulation Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this news- Paper and also the local news of spontaneous origin published herein. All rights of republication of all other matter herein are also reserved. (Official City, State and County Newspaper) Foreign Representatives SMALL, SPENCER, LEVINGS & BREWER (Incorporated) CHICAGO NEW YORK BOSTON Propose a State-Wide Organi- zation ‘Taxpayers of North Dakota, sociation to study the situation taxation with a view to effecting economies in every political subdivi- sion, will convene in Devils Lake No- It is a step in the right} has been short and prices picked up. vember 4. direction and worthy of the earnest support of the people of the state in general and every taxing body in particular. In the preliminary stages of organ- ization, the promoters of a North Da- kota Taxpayers’ association can re- ceive valuable information from tie Montana Taxpayers’ association, an organization which has been most successful in its efforts to reduce ‘he high cost of government. The Montana association was formed in 1920 at a time when local taxes became so burdensome that it) was imperative that some means be! It is strictly non-political and refrains from en- tering into controversial questions. It has confined its activities to research work and publishing findings from taken to curtail them. time to time in bulletin form. Attention is paid;to tax legislation by this association which from time to time proposes legislative measures relating to tax levies and the clarifi-| ‘The Montana Taxpayers’ association is supported entirely from popular subscription which attests to its popularity with! the taxpayers of the state. Its budget, for the present fiscal year is $16,- 000 and the association publications cation of bond issues. are sent to 75,000 taxpayers. The organization has carried on a campaign to reduce bonded indebt- edness and has been solely responsi- ble for a reduction of $16,000,000 in) the last eight years. Budget laws have been prepared governing the tax activities of coun- ties, cities and school districts. A drive is being made by the Montana association just now to put cities) the fact that sympathy flows readily} | counties and school districts on a strictly cash basis. In preparing an invitation to the taxpayers of the state to join in a concerted effort, the Montana pro- moters set forth succinctly the ob- Jects of the organization and the rea- sons for such an association. “The people largely bear the re- invitation, | “for the large expenditures of today. Most of the burden of debt they have voted upon themselves, They have given little attention to the business of State, County, City and School They have voted heavy bond issues and public expenditures: without seriously reflecting upon the sponsibility,” read the District. ultimate demands of pay-day. “As the’ responsibility rests upon the people, 80 the remedy les in their hands. It is necessary for the people to awaken to the seriousness of the situation confronting them. Having thus awakened, it is necessary to act with intelligence and wisdom.” This is the proper spirit in which to approach tax reform questions. ‘Mixing up personalities and politics stamping out epidemics which do not 00| begin to take the toll of human life that careless driving of automobiles does. Some of the energy and effi- ciency applied to curtailing disease should be applied also to the pre- vention of manslaughter streets and rural highways. Cooperation—All the Time At a time when leaders in the ag- ricultural and business world agree that farmers’ cooperatives are the practical way to solve many farm problems on a business basis, it is interesting to read an editorial in the San Francisco Chronicle which illus- trates how difficult it is to get farm- ers or any other group of people to on our inter- ested in organizing a state-wide as- of|even than extending markets. adopt and stand by measures which are in their own interest. The Chron- icle says: struggle with human nature. This is perhaps their biggest problem, bigger ‘The trouble reported in the raisin pool is an illustration.” It seems that the raisin grape crop As a result, according to executives of the pool, many member growers try to evade their contracts and spec- ulate on the open market. This has been too often the experience of the where cooperatives have been run on the shoals in the same manner. Too many humans look to cooperative ac- tion only when they are in trouble. @ cooperative cannot acquire the times. so hard to get human beings to co- through the thin.” that cooperative action in any indus- modic, to get results. Successful co- operatives in different parts of the country have demonstrated this and their members have profited accord- ingly, year in and year out. Editorial Comment Editorials printed below show the trend of thought by other editors. ‘They are published without regard to whether they agree or disagree Dp with The Tribun policies, (Minneapolis Tribune) What 1s generally regarded as the best world series in many years leaves St. Louis in a daze of glory and fan- dom’s millions, wherever they reside,’ in a mellow glow of satisfaction. There is no doubt that the Cardinals’ victory is a popular one, and despite to Connie Mack, whose dream of cap- turing three successive world’s cham- Pionships was dashed ‘to bits on Sat- urday. By beating the Athletics after: dropping the opening game, Gabby Street's men came about as close to accomplishing the impossible in base- ball as any team has ever done. To come from behind and win four cut of the next six games required, be- yond a shadow of doubt, the nerve and heart and stamina, which ony champions possess. No one can pos- sibly question the greatness of a ball club which carried through to vic- tory, as the Cardinals did, against the all but insuperable combination! of Grove and Earnshaw. St. Louis: not only more than matched this pair with Grimes and Hallahan; it threw into the fray, besides, a lad named Pepper Martin, who fairly set the team ablaze with scorching specd along the bases and the flaming fury! of & most amazing bat. Philadel- phia simply met the fate of all’ championship teams which hold the top too long; it finally smashed head- long into a splendid club whicn Played inspired ball, and which would not budge an inch when budg- ing meant the sacrifice of victory. The dethr of the Philadelphia Athletics after such a long period of baseball dominance is probably a) in an effort to retire an office holder| good thing for the game. The team under the pretense of reducing taxa- tion seldom accomplishes much. The Montana association has fhe right idea in restricting its efforts to an In carrying the truth to the people without taint of politics or narrow partisanship, the message becomes more potent for good. Reform is quicker as a result. The Montana plan is worthy of study by the North Dakota taxpayers. Rolette county has organized its own taxpayers’ association with such suc- educational campaign. cess that it has issued a state-wide call for a general conference on tax matters. This is a wise move and People of the state, regardless of po- litical affiliation, should rally to-the call. The Devils Lake conference should be most representative. ee Auto Deaths Mount { Deaths from automobile accidents which wins too long and too consist- ently has @ tendency to strangle in- terest in any sport, and both the Mackmen and the Cards have lately overplayed the role of the monopolist in their respective leagues. However that may be, baseball is indebted to them just now for one of the most brilliantly pitched, beautifully fielded. and closely fought world series that has ever gone down in sporting his- tory. There are not many times, in the course of a decade, that baseball stages such a rousing and dramatic autumn show as that on which the curtain dropped last week. “Farmers’ cooperatives have 10} TODAY IS THEZ On Oct. 14, 1917, President. Wood- row Wilson named the members of the War “Trade Board, composed of members of the Exports Administra- tion Board which it replaced. President Wilson appointed the new past in California and other states D. Jones, representing the secretary of With lack of support in good times, strength to deal adequately with bad “Cooperation,” says the Chronicle, “is a noble idea—if only it were not operate through the thick as well as Such situations are object lessons which impress upon farmers the fact try must be continuous and not spas-), The Cardinals Come Through. “pontinue to mount in the United Blates. In the first nine months of {this year more than 24,000 persons! died as the result of automobile ac- French. RANCH TO STAGE London—From bawling calves and bleating sheep Jeanne de Casalis has fought her way to a star’s role on the stage. She was brought up on a ranch in Basutoland among savages, her father being a doctor there. When she was five she could speak Basuto perfectly, but no English or She was sent to Paris to’ school and found her place on the stage there. Many qualities of copper are found purif! in fron cess. ied by a German pro- nN WAR BOARD NAMED BEGIN HERE TODAY Pretty NORMA KENT, 20-year- a accretary, ries MARK = mi eon, opposition of Mark's jo trail the girl, earth records showing that three years before Norma was convicted ted. it Norma’s som fs born. m the baby ts six month: returas to her former other her with explt made that Ne tn BOB FARREL! discovers tha re Fell persi LAFAYETTE tormey, nud tell how the ust her were ft ao letter, . NOW GO ON WITH THE STORY CHAPTER XLVI \1HE address on the envelope had been typed. One swift glance told Norma the letter had been posted in Marlboro. She tore back the flap and drew out a folded sheet. “Why—there’s no Look, Chris!” There were two paragraphs on the typewritten page. The un- signed letter read: “Dear Miss Travers: This is to warn you that if you tell any more to the newspapers you will be out of the picture, You are being watched night and day. - “If you go to the Wellington in- vestigation you'll never live to get out of the courtroom. Watch your step and keep your trap shut and nobody will hurt you. If you dis- regard this warning you'll regret it.” The rest of the page was blank. Norma raised startled eyes as ‘she read the last words. “Who—who in the world—2?” she began. Chris put a hand on the other signature! girl’s arm. “Let’s go upstairs!” she exclaimed. “Up to the apart- ment!” They went up the two flights of stairs, Chris put her key in the lock and turned the knob. It was not yet six o'clock but the apart- ment was dusky. Chris pressed the electric light switch at the side of the door before entering. She gave a quick, searching glance about the room. : “There's nobody here,” she said almost as though she had suspected there would be, Norma closed the door and put the packages she had been carrying on the table, She held up the let- ~ : commerce; Beaver White, represent- ing the Food Administration; Frank C. Munson, representing the Ship- ping Board, and a representative of the secretary of the treasury. This board licensed exports and ex- ercised control over imports. On this same date President Wil- son Officially designated Oct. 24 as Liberty Loan Day. In his proclama- tion he said: United States is being mobilized an organized to strike a mortal blow at autocracy in the defense of outraged American rights and of the cause of “The might of thi board under power conferred by the | “berty.” Trading With the Enemy tea —_—__—_—__——-¢ The new board was com of + Dr. Alonzo E. Taylor, representing | Quotations | the secretary of agriculture; Thomas | @—— —*———__-€ T certainly have no illusions about ©1931 BY NEA ter again. .“But isn’t this strange, Christ?” she asked in a puzzled voice. “Who on earth could have written such a thing?” “Did you lock the door?” the other girl said sharply. “Why, of course not! You don't mean—you don't think there’s any- thing to be frightened about?” Quickly Chris crossed the room, turned the night lock on the door. She turned and faced Norma de fensively. “I don’t know what to think,” she said, “and anyhow thinking ign’t safe! Don’t you realize that three-fourths of the corruption of Marlboro is linked in this thing? Of course I'm frightened. They might do anything! Anything! These judges who have been let- ting criminals get by—the men higher up—ob, Norma, I was a fool te let you do this—!” see iG vercneny enough it was Chris instead of Norma who was thrown into panic by the threaten: ing note. Norma insisted the let- ter was harmless, sent by some practical joker with a distorted sense of humor or by someone suf- fering from halucinations. To all this Chris protested: “1 hope you're right! Heaven knows T hope you're right! But we're not going to take chances!” Half a dozen times during the evening Chris thought she heard sounds in the hall. She insisted on leaving a light burning when they went to bed. In the morning she looked worn out and as though she had slept little. “But, Chris,” Norma protested, “I don’t see why you should worry so about that letter. If anybody wanted to harm me they wouldn't warn me about it, would they? Of course the letter doesn’t mean any- thing!” “Will you believe it means some- thing if Bob says so?” “He won't. Bob would say the very things I've been telling you.” “Well, I want to show it to him’ ‘Will you let me take the letter this morning and show it to Bob?” “Of course, Let’s sse—what did I do with it?” The message was produced and folded away in Chris’ hand When the two girls left for the office it was Chris whose eyes had dark shadows and whose checks were too white, As they boarded the street ‘car she, noticed a man wearing a gray cap across the street. He had been watching them. Chris did not men- tion the man to Norma. The day in Frederick Stuart's office passed just as its predecessors. At noon Norma had sandwiches and coffee sent up from the first floor She did not like to go out these days because she was sure to be stared at. A boy brought in the afternoon newspapers and laid them on her desk, Norma scanned the first pages. District Attorney Flynn was quoted for almost a column. The Welling- ton prosecution was to open next Wednesday. Nothing in the newspapers the girl had not known. A heated de- nial from the chief of police that apything was wrong in his depart- jent followed the Flynn interview. There was a picture of “Whitey” lunch counter. Bl qv ALL TOGETHER, Now! my personality, or attractiveness — Rudy Vallee. * * # There should be s cosmopolitan system of medicine that would com- bine the best of all three systems and countries—Dr. Charles H. Mayo. ee & Government seldom faces a graver risk than when it has to devote all of its energies to setting its finances in order.—Bruce Catton. se x Next to recklessness at the top of the boom, the most foolish thing in the world is discouragement at the bottom of the slump—Roger W. Bab- son. xe ‘The task of proper assistance to the deserving is one which will agaih GUILT Yel SERVICE INC. Black printed under the single word “Witness.” ‘The® caption exp! that Black was to present evidence in the investigation into activities of the vice squad next week. Norma put the newspapers aside distastefully. A little later she heard footsteps and looked up. Chris Saunders stood in the door way. “Oh, Chris! You startled me!” Her roommate entered the office. “Anybody here?” she asked in a low voice. Norma shook her head. Stuart’s gone to lunch.” eee ‘HIS sank to a chair beside the other girl. “I’ve just been talk- ing to Bob,” she said, dropping her voice almost.to a whisper. “He's taken the letter and gone to see Flynn. It’s what I thought, Nor ma! Whitey Black’s been getting anonymous threats in the mail, too. They've hidden him away some where and the police are guarding him. In spite of all he’s said about them the police have got to protect him. If anything happened to him now it would be the worst possible indictment of the public safety de- partment, Bob's coming as soon as he can. He said you're not to lIeave the office until he gets here!” “But, Chris—!” “I can’t stay any longer, honey. T've got to get back. Bob agrees with me it isn’t safe for you to stay on at the apartment. He'll tell you what to do. I'm not going to stay there eitier, I'm going to Minnie Baker's.” s A figure loomed in the doorway and Chris started. It was only Frederick Stuart, back from his lunch hour. Stuart passed on into his private office apd Chris arose to go. “Bob sald for you to wait for him,” she reminded Norma just before she disappeared. - After she was gone Norma stared for several moments at the blank sheet of paper in her typewriter. Presently her fingers began tapping the keys again. It was not Bob Farrell who was Norma's next caller, but a middle aged woman dre: in brown. She gave the name “Mrs. Everett” and asked to see Norm: Five minutes had ontered Stuart’s office the buzzer rang. Notebook in hand, Norma answered. Stuart was leaning back in his desk chair and Mrs. Everett sat facing him. “Come in, Miss Travers,” Stuart sald, When she had closed the door he continued. “Mrs, Everett bas come from District Attorney Flynn's office. She has told me that because of the importance of your testimony at the hearing next week the district attorney thinks your whereabouts should be concealed. Mrs. Everett has come to take you to a place where you will be safe and where you will be assured of freedom from annoyances of all sorts. Here is the message from Flynn.” Stuart handed Norma a sheet of paper on which a dozen lines were written. She recognized the dis trict attorney’s signature, The note said that the bearer was an accredited representative and that “Mr. appeal to the generosity and human- ity of our whole people.—President Hoover. * +* Only when the Wealthy classes be- gin to feel that the purchasing power of the poor is again normal will they themselves have the feeling of being able to spend without remorse.— Andre Maurois, New York, Oct. 14—Some day the King of Siam 1s certain to be deco- rated as the greatest “visiting fire- man” New York has ever entertained. Other notables come and go, but they have a way of behaving like notables. They stage very formal receptions, receive a welcome from the mayor's committee, sit at the head of @ banquet table and, may- hap, drive about town in a swanky car. But not the King of Siam, who ap- pears blessed with the same curiosity that makes New York a city of gawk- ers. There was nothing on the list of what to do in New York that this distinguished guest did not peep into. He went to the top of the Empire State building; he took an air ride over the city; he attended first nights and went to the Statue of Liberty; he inspected the subways at rush hour and appeared ata dozen and one dedications; he appeared in cer- tain ritzy night resorts and allowed be photographed a hun- Press agents soon heard about him Daily Health Service SERUM AIDS IN TREATMENT OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS ' | i | New Machine Helps Victims Breathe, Saving Lives | By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Journal of the American Medical Association It has been found that the blood serum of people who have recently recovered from the disease contains @ substance which is of the greatest importance in attacking the disease. Tt is therefore desirable that an in- jection of such serum. be made into the muscles and into the spine of the child that is affected as son as pos- sible. This seems to be of particular importance in preventing paralysis, which is one of the most serious re- its of this disorder. During the first few weeks of the disease, the child must be kept ab- solutely at rest because inflamed or irritated tissue will always do better when quiet. Later a competent phy- sician, by the use of electrical stimu- lation and careful massage, can be- gin to do much to restore to the para- lyzed tissue the function that has been lost. Of particular value in this work is the system of controlled ex- ercise under water, or so-called wa- ter gymnastics. Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York, who himself suffered from infantile paralysis, has aided in the development of an institution for this special purpose, but the method 1s also available in most of the large cities of the United States. Frequently people with infantile paralysis die because the muscles of § the chest,-which are concerned with breathing, have become paralyzed. A machine was invented which does the breathing for such people until the muscles get back their function. It » has already been the means of sav- ing many lives. Dr. William H. Park of the New York city department of health, em- Phasized the very great importance t of early diagnosis and the way in which health departments can be helpful for this purpose. If a child has a headache, drowsiness, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, pain, stiffness of the back, legs and spine, and general ir- Titability, it may be coming down with this disease. A competent physician can remove some of the spinal fluid. When this is examined in the laboratory, changes in the fluid may be found which are suggestive of this disease. At such a time an immediate injection of suitable serum may be the means of prompt recovery and of prevention of the paralysis. that go to make up the metropolis. He had done what every good visit- ing fireman would like todo. He had become a paragon among visitors. He had been part and parcel of the comedy and the romance! Come again, king! % & # Which reminds me: a legend has and inspect the following types of repair jobs: welded steel tube struc- ture; wood structure; fabric cover- ings; and steel fittings and assembly. The school’s aviation department was organized three years ago and was one of the first public aviation trade schools developed in the United States. Representatives of the fed- sppoint! plaining at the him the narrative to a “stick.” * ee studio in Astoria. z MAD MARRIAGE” she would explain the purpose of her visit. s “I think we should leave at once,” Mrs. Everett told the girl. “I have a car downstairs waiting and here is a wrap and hat for you.” She held up the coat she had been carrying over her arm, “See how it fits,” she added. I had the gray coat and hat, with heavy rimmed spectacles over her eyes Norma could hardly recog- nize herself. The elevator operator did not give her a second glance as~ she followed Mrs. Everett into the car, The two women swept through the ground floor lobby and out on the street. . A taxicab that had been waiting a little to the left drew up before the entrance, Mrs, Everett and Norma stepped inside. The girl did not recognize the dress she heard given to the iriver but presently they were skimming out of down-town traffic and heading west. They drove along well-kept residential streets, past massive apartments. “Is it fart” Norma asked. “Not much farther. We're al- — most there.” ‘The taxi halted before a five story spartment building. Mrs. Everett paid the driver and led the way inside. “My rooms are on the second floor,” she said. “I usually walk instead of taking the ele vator.” They went up the carpeted stair. way and dqwn a hall, Before one st the doroways Mrs, Everett halt- It was a pleasant, roomy apart- ment which opened to them. The suite contained a living room, two bedrooms, kitchen and bath. “I hope you're going to be com- fortable here,” the woman said, smiling. “It’s my own place. Would you like to rest a little be fore dinner? This {s your room and you'll find a dressing gown and night things in the clothes closet. ‘There's powder and cold cream on the dressing table—" She chattered on as though the girl were an old friend come to pay_ 8 social visit. “Mrs. Everett,” Norma said, “won't you tell me who you are and how Mr. Flynn happened to send me here?” The woman smiled. “I've worked with Mr. Flynn for years,” she said. “He doesn’t want you to be worried or frightened before the investigation next week. Of course I don’t think there’s anything real- ly to be frightened about. Maybe you'd feel more comfortable if 1 told you that your friend T~b Far rell 1s going to call this evening.” “Bob's coming here?” Mrs. Everett nodded. “You've plenty of time for a warm bath,” she suggested. “Why don’t you take one and then He down for & little while. With such a nice young man coming you'll want to look your prettiest!” “I am tired,” Norma agreed. “You're awfully kind, Mrs. Everett. I guess I'll follow your advice.” A little later, warm and glowing from the tub, Norma faced the mir- ror of her dressing table, “7ty did her heart’ beat so rapidly at the thought of seeing Bob? (To Be Continued) and begged his attendance at this affair and that. Seldom did he dis- With charming ingenuous- ness he walked into the traps of gents with axes to grind. Before he had left town, city editors were com- “publicity angles.” Several were puttiNg stories about back on page 12, and limiting Did the King of Siam care? Not one bit. The next day he would be up bright and shining and enthu- siastic, ready to appear at some movic Of course, all this is not considered the “thing to do” where distinguished guests are concerned. But the vis- iting king thought it great fun. When he left, it was his turn to laugh. He had not combed the big town in a superficial manner. He had observed ‘and made notes. He had looked in upon a thousand-and-one gadgets LAURA COU -BROOKMAN va. Author of _ made the rounds ever since the king was secing the town. ‘The legend runs that the king turned to the flock of reporters who trailed him and ex) the desire to see one of New York's speakeasies. Accommodating him, the “boys” took him to a place in the Forties fre- quented by newspapermen. Solemnly one of the journalistic gents turned to Mike the Bartender and gave a formal introduction: “This, Mfke, is the king of Siam.” Naturally, the bartender decided that somé gag was being sprung. Surely, @ king would never enter his lowly Joint! So Mike, entering into the spirit of the occasion, walked from behind the bar and whanged his majesty soundly upon the back. “Glad to see you, kingy, old kid. ‘What'll you have?” And the tale goes that the king smiled broadly and ordered a Scotch- and-soda. As he was lea the king turned solemnly to the - er and said: “I am told one has to! have a card to return to such places. ; Could you accommodate me?” They do say that this speakeasy card became one of the sovereign’s treasured souvenirs. And, if you recall, this is one of the wealthiest monarchs left in the world. And with a grand sense of hu- mor! (Copyright, 1931, NEA Service, Inc.) {BARBS _| —$—S — — ‘The fellow who sold us the 14-karat ring not long ago apparently had dropped the gold standard also. ee * ‘Would it be rash to say that Eng- land had been penny wise and pound foolish? x & It’s easy to understand why e fel- low with a one-track mind often goes off his trolley, says me office sage. * # Hard times notwithstanding, $8,000 men were given jobs in sugar factor- jes out west. Sweet are the uses of adversity. i *ee Still, there must be a silver lining to the gold situation. +e Now if the gold digger only would take a lesson from the currency eitu- ation... ~ (Copyright, 1931, NEA Service, Inc.) Government Approves Aviation Department At Wahpeton School Wahpeton, N. D., Oct. 14—The aviation department at the State School of Science, Wahpeton, is the U. 8. department of commerce. It permits Instructor Sampson, charge of the department, to hand 1n| A movie THIS CURIOUS WORLD eral board for vocation education and many trade and industrial educators have visited the department since its ion to study the methods of training carried on. The department was rated as one of the best schools in the United States offering training in aviation ground mechanics in a survey con- ducted last spring by the federal board for vocation education. FASTEST NIGHT PLANE London.—England claims to pos- sess the world’s fastest night-flying fighting airplane. It is said to able to make more than 200 miles an hour and climb to three miles above the earth in a few minutes. It carries two machine guns and a load of bom STICKERS the same from top to bottom as from left to right. : 4 cameraman usually likes his work even though it’s a grind. — se rie